Which windows are best installed in a private house - features of different models. How to choose the right plastic windows - detailed instructions Which windows are best installed in a brick house

Deciding which windows are best to install in private house, the homeowner is faced with a large selection of materials and designs. It’s easy to get confused in this magnificence, so we will help you figure out which products are best suited for your home, how they differ from each other and what are the positive and negative aspects may have one or another design.

Selection of manufacturer and quality

In Russia it is offered wide choice among products from different companies. These can be local or imported brands, the products of which are either manufactured locally or imported from abroad, which happens much less frequently, since such designs immediately increase in price.

The appearance of plastic windows is similar, but the quality is significantly different: it depends on what raw materials are used and the method by which the final product is obtained. It is better to give preference to trusted companies whose names are well-known: for example, these include,.

They look especially beautiful. Modern designs have excellent quality and nice design.

Selecting a plastic window profile

For private houses, it is recommended to install large-sized window designs, since visually they give more space, make the room brighter. To keep the room cool in winter, multi-chamber double-glazed windows are used; in addition, special energy-saving glass can be used. They are able to reflect the heat generated in the room, preventing it from dissipating outside, thanks to this, energy savings in winter reach a fairly large percentage.

The thickness of the profile and glass unit is selected based on climatic features area where your home is located, in addition, it is worth considering how noisy it is outside. The profile can be designed for a double-glazed window with 1-6 chambers. Each chamber is a conditionally empty space located between the glasses. The chambers are sealed and can be filled with oxygen or gas. The second option is better, since such a window does not fog up and does not freeze in winter.

If you want the room to be light, buy not only large windows, but if possible, install not the thickest glass unit. The thicker the glass unit, the less light will enter the room.

If the place where the building is located is relatively quiet, but the climate is not the warmest, for example, a country building in central Russia, then using a three-chamber double-glazed window will be sufficient. If the climate is warmer, a two-chamber design would be the best option; for harsh climates, a 4- or 5-chamber double-glazed window is well suited. As a rule, there is no point in installing a thicker one: it is much more expensive than a 4-chamber analogue, has more mass, but differs little in efficiency.

If the dimensions of the structure are large, it is worth paying attention to the presence of a reinforcing profile. It will strengthen the frame, make the window profile more durable and less flexible. Such a window will not be subject to load due to its own mass or strong gusts of wind.

How to choose a double-glazed window?

This stage is the most difficult. Glass can be very different: they insulate noise and cold equally well, but they can also have additional functions: for example, film or special coating will make the double-glazed window energy-saving. This will help to better reflect heat from the glass, making the room warmer in winter and cooler in summer. Some types of glass can be tinted, interesting solution is a mirror tint. It does not make the window darker, and from the street it will be impossible to see what is happening inside the room.

In order to avoid drafts, do not skimp on the seal. He must be high quality, preferably double, then the sash will be pressed as tightly as possible against the frame.

The warmer the double-glazed window, the better, but you should focus on the climate. It makes no sense to overpay for a thicker double-glazed window. It is worth paying attention to the choice of accessories. A cheap Chinese one will quickly fail and should not be installed. It’s better to pay a little more, but purchase fittings from leading German, Austrian and Italian companies. High-quality fittings will not only last a long time, but will also ensure that your window structure closes tightly.

Choosing plastic windows for your home or cottage is not as difficult a task as it might seem at first glance. The main thing is not to skimp on trifles and focus on product quality.

From sunlight our mood depends. Most likely, you noticed that when you woke up on a cloudy day, you didn’t really want to do anything. This often depends on the side the windows face, as well as their number. But the size of windows in a private house also plays a huge role. If you are just planning construction or major renovation work involving the replacement of window frames, then it would be good to analyze what can be changed for the better by widening the openings or moving them to another location. What are the standard window sizes provided by the manufacturer and regulations? What material is best for them? This will be discussed in this article.

What to follow

The choice of specific window parameters is determined by several factors. Before ordering a specific product, you should pay attention to three main points:

• the location of the wall relative to the cardinal directions;
• for what purposes is the room used;
• geometric parameters of the room.

If your house has several rooms and the bedroom is located separately from other rooms, then usually the western or northwestern side is chosen for it. This is done so that less light penetrates through the windows and sleep is sounder. If this room is used as a regular living room, then you should think about installing several windows. The living room is always provided with as much light as possible, and therefore windows, and is located on the south or southwest side. Rooms with rectangular geometry have several windows along their length larger wall. If the room is square and small, then one will be enough. On the north side are the windows of the kitchen, storage rooms and sometimes the bathroom. The window size may also depend on climatic conditions. If the weather is cold most of the year, and in winter the temperature drops far below minus, then they try to keep the size of the windows to a minimum so that heat does not escape through them.

Pay attention! The general rule for all areas, which is worth starting from when choosing the size of windows and their number, is 10: 1. It implies the presence of one window of 1 m2 for every 10 m2 of wall area.

Design features of windows

According to their characteristics, windows can be:

• deaf;
• single sash windows;
• windows with two sashes;
• with three doors.

The choice of window configuration can affect its size. Standard window sizes for a private house with one sash, according to GOST, in height range from 80 cm to 147 cm. In width, the sizes of such windows range from 40 to 87 cm. For windows with two sashes, the height ranges from 57 cm to 147 cm, width from 87 cm to 147 cm. Three-leaf windows are the largest in size; their height can range from 117 cm to 147 cm, and their width from 177 cm to 207 cm. Each standard has its exceptions. Therefore, windows can be manufactured according to individual parameters. But it is worth remembering that the profile should be thicker and the double-glazed window should have thick glass. Otherwise, the window structure may not withstand the load due to its windage and simply burst. The given figures are largely calculated for products that are used in apartments and houses of standard sizes.

Plastic or wooden

This is one of the most difficult questions that can arise when choosing windows for country house or dachas. Each of them has its own pros and cons that are worth analyzing. If we talk about wooden windows, then everything about them is excellent. Wood is an environmentally friendly material that does not harm health. It is also able to breathe, so there will always be fresh air in the house. Now at wooden products Double-glazed windows with different amounts of glass are also installed, which has increased their efficiency. Especially when it comes to triplexes. Their shortcomings can be identified high price for production, because a type of wood is required that can withstand various weather conditions. Wooden frames require periodic maintenance, which consists of replacing paint coating, which takes away strength and additional funds. It is also quite difficult to find an intelligent craftsman who will install them in accordance with all the requirements.

Plastic profile products are becoming increasingly widespread today. Most families prefer to replace their old wooden ones with new plastic ones made from profiles. There are several reasons for this. For example, they are less expensive than wooden ones. Production times are lower, and the choice of profile configuration is greater. The more profile chambers, the less heat transfer and the greater the protection against heat transfer to the street. They are quite airtight, so the likelihood of drafts is lower. Installation is simpler and the manufacturing company itself usually handles this. But it also has its drawbacks. Due to the excessive tightness of the profile, poor vapor exchange with street air occurs. This can lead to the development of fungus and rot in the house or apartment. Therefore, it is important to take care of exhaust and supply ventilation. They also require maintenance, but it is cheaper. It is also worth keeping an eye on what the stabilization strips are made of, so that they do not contain lead. Well, the biggest drawback for products that are constantly exposed to the sun is harmful secretions, so owners often protect them with visors.

It is impossible not to say about aluminum structures. Such windows look very solid. Aluminum profile surpasses plastic in load resistance. It makes sense to choose these windows in cases where a large budget is planned for construction. The profile also requires the right approach to installation. If this is not done, then the heat from the house will quickly disappear. The profile itself will turn into a bridge of cold. Such solutions are right to choose for mild climates. The polymer insert inside does not provide the required insulation.

Pay attention! For plastic and other profile products there is a separate GOST 30673-99, 22233-2001, 30973-2002. There are also regulations that regulate the use of fittings and standards for their production.

Plastic window for a private house

The choice of a plastic product involves not only its size, but also the profile used. The choice of the latter is influenced by the size of the opening, weather conditions, as well as the desired double-glazed window. Based on wall thickness, the profile is divided into classes. The first class has the most stringent and highest requirements. Those profile walls that face the street have a minimum thickness of 2.8 mm. Those located indoors are 2.5 mm. The second class implies for the outer walls the same thickness as for the inner walls in the previous version, and for the inner walls - 2 mm. The third class or class C includes everything that is not included in the first two. The latter are often used for installation in openings of warehouses, sheds and other buildings where there are no strict requirements.

There are special air chambers inside the frame or profile that is attached to the opening. Their goal is to reduce heat transfer by creating an air cushion. This solution turned out to be very effective. The minimum number of them can be 3, and the maximum can reach 8. The minimum number of cameras is suitable for those cases when winters are very mild and the climate is warm. The optimal middle ground is considered to be a five-chamber profile, which will protect against frost down to -30° and more. For severe winters, you will need a profile with 8 cameras. The thickness of the air gap also depends on soundproofing properties, so if the window openings overlook a busy highway, then you should think about 5 and 8 cameras.

Selection of double-glazed windows for windows - also not an easy task. At its core, it is a block consisting of several glasses, which are located at some distance from each other. They are held in place by a seal and a metal stabilizer. An inert gas can be pumped into the space, which impairs heat transfer, or air can be pumped out for vacuum. The double-glazed window itself also has chambers, their number is from 2 to 4. The sound insulation of the window and its protective properties. For additional protection, glass can be coated with a shock-proof film or be fire-resistant.

Pay attention! When choosing a window, also pay attention to the overall width of the profile. Since there may be many cameras, but they will be small. The number of seals in the window also plays a big role. Don't skimp on good fittings, it will last quite a long time and will not require replacement in the process.

Plastic windows cannot necessarily be used only in brick or concrete houses. They fit perfectly into the design wooden houses. For these purposes, they were developed color solutions, which in their structure replicate wood and are perfectly fixed in the opening. It is very difficult to immediately distinguish them from wooden ones. Only upon closer examination when the doors are opened does this become obvious. You can watch more about choosing windows in the video:

We take measurements

In order to place an order for a window, you will need to take the correct size. window openings. If the house is just being built, then it is important to know the rules of location in relation to other planes. Most people like windows that extend from the floor to the ceiling, so they also serve as a door to the terrace. Yes, it's really great if your heating is provided by renewable sources. At the same time, it is important to remember that maximum size one design will not be able to exceed 6 m 2. According to standards, the window should be at a height of 80 or 90 cm from the floor. This will be quite comfortable for someone sitting or standing near it. In the first case, you won’t have to lift your head, and in the second, bend it so that it doesn’t rest against top part window opening, because it is at a height of 230 cm or less.

Typically, the window opening and the window itself are not placed close to the adjacent wall. The indentation should be 50 cm. If the width of the room is 2 meters, then the width of the window can be chosen to be 1 meter and placed in the middle. It will be ideal option. There is also a distance left to the ceiling. Depending on the height, it can be 20-30 cm. Different rules apply for bathrooms and storage rooms. For them you can choose minimum dimensions and large indentations, since the main purpose of the window in these rooms is ventilation, and not the influx of a sufficient amount of light.

Before replacing old windows with new ones, it is important to adhere to following rules when taking measurements:

• measurements of the window opening are made both from the outside and from the inside;
• for greater accuracy, use a level or laser tape measure;
• Installation clearances must be left.

To determine the width of the future window, you will need to measure three sizes of the window opening: bottom, top and middle. After this, you need to find the smallest value and focus on it. This will be the width of the window. To determine the height of the window, the same procedure is performed, but in vertical plane. From the results obtained you will also need to subtract 4-5 cm, which will be the installation gap and thermal seam. For windows with a quarter, more scrupulous and complex measurements will be required. In general, they repeat the previous ones, but there are several nuances:

• the window frame should extend beyond the side protrusion by 2-4 cm;
• it should be recessed 2 cm behind the top wall;
• The mounting strip should rise 2 cm above the bottom one.

The last step is very important, because if it is not followed, then it will not be possible to install the ebb and flow correctly. And it is very important so that moisture does not accumulate under the window and the window fittings last a long time.

Conclusion

We hope that the tips listed above will help you decide not only on choosing a replacement window in a private home, but also on selecting the required dimensions of window openings. Never skimp on your profile and cameras. This way you will ultimately reduce your renovation budget.

Individual construction in small and big cities, as well as beyond them in lately has become especially popular. Naturally, every developer has many questions about the use of certain materials. One of the main problems is deciding which double-glazed windows are best suited for a private home.

It has become fashionable to move away from the traditional dimensions of window openings, and to make them much more larger size. The trend is panoramic glazing of a country house and floor-to-ceiling windows, which often serve as access to a terrace or garden. Such options for window designs are inevitably forced to take on a share of the responsibility for preserving heat in the house and the owners’ belongings.

What to look for when choosing PVC windows

It is necessary to take care of the correct filling of window openings at the design stage, when it comes to new construction. If you plan to replace windows when major renovation or reconstruction of a country house, we must try to take into account the main factors.

• Material load-bearing walls. Wood buildings shrink over many years, so the window opening must be framed with a special structure.
• The quality of the metal-plastic profile, its constructive solution and thickness. It is better to trust well-known manufacturers and brands, without being tempted by the cheap prices of unscrupulous manufacturers.
• The design of the double-glazed window, the thickness of the glass and the number of panels.
• Technical capabilities and quality indicators of fittings.
• Availability of necessary options for more convenient operation window blocks.

And one more important point. You must order the production of plastic windows and their installation from one company. If controversial issues arise, it will be easier to resolve them. And then about everything in more detail.

Type of profile and plastic

Window profiles are different thicknesses, can consist of 2, 3, 4 or 5 chambers. The most popular are three- and five-chamber. In cross-section the profile is complex spatial design, in which voids alternate with partitions.

The number of voids determines the name of the product. To strengthen the structure, it is reinforced with metal plates.

Manufacturers who are not too concerned about their own reputation, to produce window frame They use recycled plastics. Such products have a matte grayish appearance. They can be used for outbuildings, but it is better to put them in a cottage plastic windows made of high quality PVC with a glossy surface.

Regarding the thickness of the profile, it must be said that where all year round warm and quiet, don’t overpay and install five-chamber window units. Three-chamber ones are quite suitable, they will serve with dignity for many years. But in cold climates, with strong winds, on a noisy street or near highways, it is better to equip your home with reinforced profiles.

Types of double-glazed windows

Before deciding which double-glazed windows are best installed in a private home, you need to get acquainted with the existing types of these products. In essence, a double-glazed window is a translucent window filling. It can be one-, two-, three-chamber depending on the number of glass panels:

The figure above shows a glazing option with increased sound insulation properties. In it, the middle canvas is located further from the one that is placed with outside. The increased size of the air gap significantly improves thermal and sound insulation.

The basic design of all double-glazed windows is the same. It consists of parallel glass panes, hermetically sealed in a spacer frame. A desiccant is poured into the frame cavity, and the outer side of the structure is covered with bitumen or other sealant. There may be air or inert gas inside the chamber. The difference lies in the number of canvases and chambers, thickness dimensions and quality of raw materials used:

1. A single-chamber double-glazed window in the standard version consists of two glasses with a thickness of 4 mm with a distance between them of 6-8 mm. Variations with changes in these values ​​are possible. This type glazing is suitable for loggias, balconies, offices and private houses in the south climatic zone. Single-chamber glazing is also installed in country houses with seasonal accommodation.
2. Double-glazed window– the most popular type of window structures, which is actively used in central Russia for installation in residential premises. Various types of structures use glass with a thickness of 4 to 6 mm with various combinations of distances between them.
3. The three-chamber SP is installed mainly in places where it is too cold or very noisy. Plastic windows with this type of glazing are heavy in weight, so they are suitable for thick walls with good load-bearing capacity. This great option for a country house in the northern part of Russia.

All models of double-glazed windows can be equipped with ordinary glasses or covered with a special impact-resistant film. The double-glazed window frame can be decorated to look like wood or painted in any color (a wide range of colors is offered: from standard brown to completely “exotic” pink or green), which is especially important for the implementation of individual projects facade or interior of private houses.

Which windows to choose for a country house

It is impossible to say unequivocally which plastic windows are best suited for glazing a cottage. Each specific case is considered separately and when choosing, it is necessary to take into account all factors in a complex:

• constructive and planning solution for the house, bearing capacity and the material of its walls;
• building location;
• quality and technical specifications window profile;
• design and properties of the glass unit, as well as the glass used;
• appearance of the window block, its colors;
• quality of fittings and availability additional functions (mosquito net, ventilation valve).

It is better to discuss all the nuances when placing an order. In conclusion, we suggest listening to expert advice on choosing glazing for a country house in this video:

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In this article I want to talk about the principles by which you should select the basic parameters of windows for own home- frame material, glass unit structure, fittings and window opening size. I'll bring regulatory requirements to windows, my thoughts on choosing one solution or another, and I will share my own experience in operating windows.

Let's get started.

Dimensions

1. What should be the size of windows in a private house according to GOST?

GOST 24699-81 regulates production wooden windows doors and door blocks for residential and public buildings. According to this document, the standard window sizes for a private home are as follows:

It’s interesting: the standard proposes to equip residential buildings with only single- and double-leaf windows. Designs of window blocks with a large number valves are not given in the document.

1. What other regulatory documents regulate the number and size of window openings?

According to SNiP 23-101-2000, which describes methods of thermal protection of buildings, the total area of ​​windows should not exceed a quarter of the façade area. Another SNiP, numbered 01/31/2003 (it refers to multi-apartment residential buildings, but why not use these recommendations?), indicates that the area of ​​light openings should relate to the floor area as 1/5.5 - 1/8.

Let's look at these limitations with a couple of examples.

• The area of ​​the facade on the glazing side is 3.5*6=21 m2;
• 25% of this area is equal to 21/4 = 5.25 m2;
• A glazing area approximately corresponding to this will be provided by two openings measuring 176x147 centimeters.

SNiP 23-101-2000 limits only the maximum area of ​​light openings. In practice, it may be less than the value given in the document. Reducing the size of windows will reduce the heat loss of the building in cold weather and its heating in hot weather - alas, at the cost of reducing the insolation of the premises.

What optimal size and the number of window openings for a room of 40 square meters?

They, according to SNiP 31-01-2003, must have an area from 40/8 = 5 m2 to 40/5.5 = 7.27 m2. This will be provided, for example, by two windows measuring 205x147 cm or three windows measuring 176x117 cm.

1. What happens if you ignore the recommendations of SNiP and GOST?

If you significantly exceed the recommended window area, you risk getting unreasonably high heat losses in winter and indoor heat in summer. If you deviate from the recommended values ​​downwards, your house will have to be illuminated with electricity even on sunny days. However, there are several subtleties here:

• Multi-chamber double-glazed windows with energy-saving glass differ little in heat transfer resistance from main walls. I will talk about them in the corresponding section of the article;
• The insolation of a room depends not only on the area of ​​the windows, but also on their orientation to the cardinal points, on the location of neighboring houses and outbuildings in your yard. Floor-length windows facing the north side of the house and shaded by a garage or shed may provide less light than a small window on the south side.

Now about the compliance of the dimensions of window units with the recommendations of GOST 24699-81. The standard sizes of plastic windows in a private house do not give the owner no benefits at all. Frames and double-glazed windows are made to order according to your dimensions.

The only scenario where standard opening dimensions will allow you to save money is the purchase of factory-made wooden window frames. But who needs frames that are poorly fitted and often made from raw wood in the 21st century?

1. Do plastic windows have any restrictions on the width of the sash??

Yes. I don't recommend making it open in horizontal plane the sash is wider than 70-80 centimeters. B O greater width means a serious load on the profile due to the solid mass of the glass unit. As a result, the window frame gradually sags and needs constant adjustment.

1. What is optimal height window opening?

Any regulatory restrictions other than standard height window blocks for standard houses, I can’t give it. But I can express my thoughts on this matter.

The limiting factors are only the embedded beam above the window opening (usually it is 20 centimeters below the ceiling) and the window sill niche in which the radiator is placed, creating thermal curtain in the doorway. With a standard radiator size (50 cm between the axes of the collectors), the window sill is mounted at a height of about 90 centimeters. With a ceiling height of 2.7 meters, the maximum possible opening height will be 2.7-0.9-0.2=1.6 meters.

I had the opportunity to live in a Stalin building with a ceiling height of 3 meters and a height of light openings of 1.8 meters. The windows looked great and provided ample light throughout the rooms.

They look even more impressive French windows; however, the height of the window from floor to ceiling will force you to look alternative way creating a thermal curtain: for obvious reasons, the heating radiator under the window opening will have to be abandoned.

Summary: in my opinion, openings should be made as high as the design features of your house allow.

1. What is the optimal window size for a toilet??

If you want to organize full natural lighting in the bathroom, follow the above recommendations of SNiP 01/31/2003. Let's say, for a combined bathroom with an area of ​​6 m2, the minimum window area will be 6/8 = 0.75 m2. It will be provided by opening dimensions of 146x57 centimeters.

If skylight necessary only as a backup light source in case of a power outage; its area can be significantly smaller. In my house, the glazing of the skylight windows has a size of 20x40 cm, and this is quite enough to navigate the room with the lights off, even on the cloudiest day.

Form

1. What window sizes to choose - we have at least figured it out. What shape can they be??

Comrades, I cannot give a definite answer to this question. Everything is determined solely by your aesthetic preferences and the architecture of the house. I will just allow myself to draw your attention to some features of non-standard shaped windows:

• A round window will, for obvious reasons, deprive you of a window sill;

• Not all manufacturers metal-plastic windows undertake the manufacture of arched and round windows. Often they will only be able to offer you a frame in the shape of a polyhedron, which does not look as impressive;
• For windows of complex shape, it is much more difficult to finish internal and external slopes. As a rule, they have to be made with plaster, and the appearance of the slopes is determined by the skill of the plasterer: to create an ideal semicircular surface, not to mention a more complex forms- a non-trivial task.

By the way: additional element window decoration can be a layout - dividing a double-glazed window into segments with profiles of different thicknesses. They stylize the window as antique, imitating stacked glazing in wooden frames.

Position

1. How to arrange windows in a long wall of a large room?

Symmetrically and, if possible, at equal intervals. In this case, the room will be illuminated most evenly.

In addition, the location of the openings should provide the brightest natural light to the main working areas of the room: the table in the office and living room, the stove and work surface in the kitchen, workbench in the home workshop, etc. Accordingly, to plan the position of window openings, you will have to think about the design of the rooms and the arrangement of furniture in them.

Material

1. Which windows should you prefer - plastic, aluminum or wood??

Modern wooden windows compare favorably with clumsy Soviet-style crafts: wood that has been pressed and preserved retains constant linear dimensions, shape and has fairly high mechanical strength. Wooden frames are equipped with multi-chamber double-glazed windows and a seal that ensures the tightness of the window.

Alas, wood has a rather significant drawback - price. Even if inexpensive ones were used to create the frame conifers wood, a window will cost at least one and a half times more than its metal-plastic counterpart. The use of noble breeds with their characteristic beautiful texture(ash, beech, oak) will increase the cost at least twice more.

Why is aluminum bad? First of all, its high thermal conductivity. Each frame will represent a cold bridge; it will contribute to heat leakage and will become covered with frost in severe frosts. No, warm aluminum frames are manufactured; however, their dubious advantages compared to plastic are again negated by their prohibitive cost.

The bottom line is that metal-plastic ones are deservedly at the peak of popularity. window profiles. Here are some compelling arguments in their favor:

• The service life of windows is estimated to be at least 50 years;
• They can be used in any climate zone, at temperatures from -60 to +60 degrees;
• Frames can be painted in any color (including throughout the entire volume of the profile) or coated decorative film, which very reliably imitates the texture of wood.

Brands

Profile

1. Which profile manufacturers should you pay attention to??

Perhaps this idea looks seditious, but I didn’t notice much difference between the profiles of different manufacturers. Both the inexpensive Chinese profile and the widely advertised KBE or REHAU have approximately the same performance characteristics and service life. The only difference is a little more rigidity German profile; Rigidity is important when there is a large area of ​​panoramic glazing and large wind loads.

First metal-plastic profiles made in China, which appeared on the domestic market, were not resistant to ultraviolet radiation and quickly turned yellow in the light; This is what largely explains their notoriety. However, in the last 15 years I have never encountered samples of such products.

Conclusion: if both the height and width of the window opening are less than 2 meters, there is no point in overpaying for the name of the profile manufacturer. You won't feel any difference between a cheap and expensive product.

1. Do multi-camera profiles provide any benefits??

Yes. The more insulated chambers in the profile structure, the better the thermal insulation it provides. This is especially important in cold regions with winter temperatures below -30C.

Accessories

1. In the case of accessories, the manufacturer is also unimportant?

No, here the picture is the opposite: you should buy windows only with high-quality fittings from famous manufacturers. The strength and wear resistance of the fittings will ensure trouble-free operation of the windows throughout their entire service life. Manufacturers whose products you can trust include:

• Siegenia-Aubi;

• Roto;
• Winkhaus;
• Maco.

When choosing accessories, you should pay attention to its functionality:

• Windows should open not only in a horizontal plane, but also in transom mode, tilting back. When the sash is folded back, rain will not flood your window sill even in windy weather. Additionally, keeping the window open in transom mode will prevent your cat from making an unsafe journey through the low tide;
• The microventilation system (the ability to lock the sash in a half-open position by turning the handle) is a definite plus. Micro-ventilation will provide you with fresh air in the absence of drafts;

• The sash must be fixed in closed position not only with a central lock, but also with pressure rollers. Without them, the inevitable deformation of the profile will not allow it to press the seal at the top and bottom of the window. Accordingly, it will not close hermetically;
• It is desirable that the pressure rollers have a “summer-winter” position. In the winter position, the seal is pressed harder, which makes it possible to compensate for the decrease in its linear dimensions during cooling.

Double-glazed window

1. What double-glazed windows should be installed on windows??

First, let's explore all the possible options.

The number of chambers in a double-glazed window is directly proportional to the quality of the thermal insulation it provides. A two-chamber double-glazed window is warmer than a single-chamber one, a four-chamber one is warmer than a two-chamber one.

Help: the camera in this case is just a gap between the glasses. Two glasses form a single-chamber double-glazed unit, three – a double-chamber one, and so on.

An energy-saving double-glazed window, due to the metal coating on one or more glasses, has limited permeability for infrared study.

Here are a few facts that may be useful when choosing a particular solution:

• Currently, energy-saving glass is produced with hard coating (so-called k-glass) and soft coating (i-glass). Solid coating has worse light transmittance (70% of visible light versus 90% for i-glass), but thanks to mechanical strength can be used for single-strand glazing;
• I-glass is always installed by spraying inside the glass unit: it is easily damaged when caring for the glazing;
• A single-chamber package with one i-glass provides 25 - 40% less heat loss compared to a two-chamber package with conventional glass;
• Installing a second i-glass reduces heat loss through the glazing by only 2-3 percent;
• A double-chamber double-glazed window with two i-glasses is equivalent in heat transfer resistance to brickwork 70 centimeters thick.

Light-protective glass has limited permeability (from 30 to 70%) in the visible part of the spectrum. It is useful for assembling double-glazed windows in panoramic windows facing south.

Soundproofing glass is useful if your windows face a busy street. Noise protection is achieved by alternating glass and spacer frames different thickness; Thus, the sound in the maximum frequency spectrum is damped.

In the absence of requirements for light and noise protection, I would recommend using double-glazed windows with one energy-saving i-glass: double-chamber in the middle zone of the country and in cold regions, single-chamber in a warm climate zone.

I (let me remind you - Sevastopol, Crimea peninsula) have single-chamber energy-saving windows. During the rare frosts in Crimea at -20C outside in the attic (60 m2) with panoramic windows total area 26 square meters comfortable +20 supported by one inverter air conditioner with a heating output of 12,000 BTU.

Finishing

For most sellers, the main condition for providing a warranty on windows is their installation by company representatives. This makes installing windows yourself an unprofitable undertaking: most buyers prefer to use the services of professionals. But the finishing of window openings remains on the conscience of the house owner.

1. What is the easiest way to finish the slopes of a window opening in stone or concrete wall from the inside?

Drywall. Here are the instructions for installing plasterboard slopes:

• Cut off the mounting foam protruding beyond the window frame;

• Clean the opening from peeling plaster, dust and dirt;
• Treat the opening with penetrating acrylic primer. The primer is applied twice with a wide soft brush without intermediate drying. The soil will stick the remaining dust to the walls, strengthen the surface and improve its adhesive qualities;
• Cut slopes from moisture-resistant plasterboard with a small margin in width (0.5 - 1 cm);
• Place beads of gypsum glue on the drywall in 10-15 centimeter increments. It can be successfully replaced with gypsum plaster or putty. On the side of the frame, along the edge of the slope, a continuous bead of adhesive is laid out;

• Press the slope to the edge of the opening and level it according to a fairly long rule with light blows of the palm. Control the position of the rule with a level or plumb line: the side slopes should be strictly vertical, the top slope should be horizontal;
• Fix the upper slope to prevent it from sagging. I use supports made of boards or timber for this purpose; with the same success you can screw several dowel screws into the edge of the opening. The near edge of the slope can even be glued to the wall with masking tape;
• After the gypsum glue has set, the joints between the slopes are reinforced with sickle or fiberglass and puttyed twice, followed by sanding;

• The edges of the slopes protruding beyond the plane of the wall are trimmed with a carpenter's plane.

1. How to paint internal slopes?

Any water-dispersion paint. It is better to opt for paint that is resistant to wet wear. I especially recommend the so-called "rubber" waterproofing dyes: they provide a complete waterproof coating that can be washed with any non-abrasive cleaners.

1. How to design the corners of an opening?

Place decorative plastic on the corners outer corner. I used silicone for the sticker.

To cut a corner, it is most convenient to use a grinder with any abrasive wheel. The cut is perfectly accurate; if necessary, the length of the angle can be adjusted to within a fraction of a millimeter by pressing its end to the plane of the rotating circle.

Ventilation

1. What to do to prevent plastic windows from sweating?

I encountered this problem immediately after buying a private house: when it got cold outside, copious amounts of condensation immediately formed on the windows. The problem was solved comprehensively:

• Ventilation of the room was organized. With a lack of ventilation in the house, humidity gradually begins to increase. At a certain point, excess moisture begins to fall out in the form of condensation on the coldest surfaces - glass, frames, slopes and corners of external walls;

The main reason for the appearance of condensation is insufficient ventilation.

• An increase in room temperature shifted the dew point from the glazing surface closer to the street. Warmed up glass and frames stopped fogging up.

Ventilation requires a separate discussion.

I tried to provide each room in the house with its own exhaust duct. The inflow is common to all rooms on each floor; air enters rooms through the gaps between doors and thresholds.

In some private houses, however, exhaust ventilation organized in the same way as in apartment buildings Soviet-built: only the kitchen and bathroom are equipped with hoods; the influx is leaky windows in living rooms. After replacing wooden windows with plastic ones supply ventilation stops working, which, in fact, leads to fogging of the windows and the appearance of fungus on the slopes.

How to ensure the flow of fresh air in rooms with plastic windows?

• If you are just going to order windows, equip them with the fittings already mentioned above with a micro-ventilation function;
• Install supply valves on the frames. As a rule, they are equipped with adjustable dampers to reduce or increase the flow of fresh air;

• The valves can also be mounted directly into external walls. As a rule, the inflow is installed in a window sill niche. In this case, the cold supply air is mixed with the rising warm flow from the radiator, which ensures that there are no drafts above the floor;
• Another solution to the ventilation problem is to install a window clamp - a comb. The comb itself is screwed with a pair of screws to the frame, and the counter part is attached under the handle of the opening sash. This simple mechanism performs all the functions of a micro-ventilation system: it can fix the sash ajar by 3-5 millimeters;

The photo shows a window retainer in my attic window.

• Finally, the simplest solution is to cut a five-centimeter piece of sealing on the frame and sash. The seal on the frame is cut from the bottom, and on the sash that opens inwards - from the top. In this case, noise from the street will not penetrate into the room, and dust carried supply air, will begin to settle in the space between the frame and the sash, and not in the room.
Thank you!

Private house requires great attention to detail, and maintaining it is significantly different from maintaining an apartment. This also applies to the choice of windows that will frame the house and will be able to highlight its advantages.

It is worth noting that today there is a large assortment of these products on the market, and the difference lies not only in their design, but also in their purpose. Let's consider which windows are better put in a private house.

Main types according to frame material

Looking for the best option It is worth relying not only on the design, but also on the foundation. Each type has its characteristics and has positive and negative qualities. The basis of the opening is glass, but another important component is the frame. When it comes time to replace window openings in your home, the question arises, or a private house.

Take note! Frame creates reliable fastening glass The advantages and disadvantages of the entire structure will also depend on its characteristics.

How to choose windows for home based on material:

In most cases, the best solution in a private home will be plastic windows. How to choose them correctly? To do this you need to study the classification.

Classification

Due to the fact that PVC windows have become widespread, there are different classifications- by the number of doors, opening method, number of chambers and shape. They allow you to better study the benefits of each type. Therefore, it is very important to know how the types of plastic windows for a private home differ from each other and what qualities they have in general. Photos will help pick up best option.

Separation by number of leaves:

• single leaf- most often the entire window opens;
• bivalve- one opening leaf;
• tricuspid– from one to three functional leaves.

In all of these cases, it is possible to make adjustments during the ordering process, especially for the last subtype. However changes will be reflected in the price.

The number of valves will depend on optimal window size for a private home.

Intimacy and method of opening

Let's consider two more important parameters that cannot be ignored when choosing windows.

By opening method

Opening method- also an important point for those who select options for plastic windows for a private home.

There are such varieties:

1. deaf,
2. with rotary opening,
3. folding (or transom),
4. combined opening methods.

In the latter case, there are also subtypes that can be very useful in the country.

By number of cameras

Number of cameras as a method of classification also has a right to exist. Thanks to them, you can determine how many glasses will be placed in a double-glazed unit of a PVC window.

Window options in a private house by number of cameras:

• single-chamber - two glasses are separated by one partition;

• two-chamber - three glasses with two partitions;
• three-chamber, etc.

It is worth considering that the main condition for this classification is the percentage of heat retention. More cameras mean a warmer room.

Outlines as an important principle of separation

There is also various shapes plastic windows for a private home. The photo shows the most common of them.

The following forms are distinguished:

• standard (rectangular),
• arched,
• triangular,
• round,
• trapezoidal.

However, in case individual order You can adjust window openings to specific shapes. All conditions will dictate design solutions, as well as the location of windows.

The classifications listed above may vary or be supplemented in accordance with the criteria. Can even be taken into account design or layout.

Framing with layout

For enhancing the aesthetic appearance designs often use decorative layouts. Their use allows you to change the external outline of the window opening. In addition, designs with layouts in the interior of a private house are a modern practice, which makes it possible to emphasize non-standard forms buildings. Moreover, the use of layouts gives doorway vintage style.

Among the layouts, the following types of structures can be distinguished:

• sprats- for internal installation;
• false binding- for outdoor installation;
• overlays- for different purposes.

It is worth noting that designs of this type look great and retain the external and internal attractiveness of the structure. Among the layout options, there are also varieties that embody the original design ideas.

Criteria for selecting a window opening for a private house

Which windows are better Suitable for a country house? The variety of choices allows you to find the ideal option, but this same condition complicates it.

The question arises, by what rules to choose plastic structures . The answer to this can be found after familiarizing yourself with the features different options. You can also pay attention to expert advice.

The first point to consider is is thermal insulation. As for noise isolation, this is not the most important criterion.

For the dacha plays a big role frame material. If you are faced with a choice of which frames are best to install (PVC or aluminum), then the first option will be preferable. Their characteristics are significantly superior to their aluminum counterparts. This especially affects on the main criterion - efficiency.

Pay attention! The type of construction must also be taken into account. For example, for wooden house must create protection from natural influences, provide sufficient light and be safe. In addition, weather conditions affect the condition of the walls.

To figure out what size make windows in a private house, it is worth exploring different samples. This condition will make the framing of your home harmonious in all respects.

What window sizes should I choose for a private home? To save money Large windows are often used which retain a lot of light, e.g. great solution for a private home. Their purpose is also to create an aesthetic appearance and a cozy space inside.

Useful video

When choosing, you need to take into account various parameters: number of sashes, material, shape. The size of windows for a private home also plays an important role. Follow the recommendations given in the article and you will find the best option for your specific case.