Fun experiences for kids at home. Experiments at home for young chemists. First you need to add sugar to the glasses according to this scheme

Guys, we put our soul into the site. Thanks for that
for discovering this beauty. Thanks for the inspiration and goosebumps.
Join us at Facebook and In contact with

There are very simple experiences that children remember for a lifetime. The guys may not fully understand why this is all happening, but when time passes and they find themselves in a lesson in physics or chemistry, a very clear example will surely pop up in their memory.

website collected 7 interesting experiments that children will remember. Everything you need for these experiments is at your fingertips.

refractory ball

It will take: 2 balls, candle, matches, water.

Experience: Inflate the balloon and hold it over a lit candle to show the children that the balloon will burst from fire. Then pour plain tap water into the second ball, tie it up and bring it to the candle again. It turns out that with water the ball can easily withstand the flame of a candle.

Explanation: The water in the balloon absorbs the heat generated by the candle. Therefore, the ball itself will not burn and, therefore, will not burst.

The pencils

You will need: plastic bag, pencils, water.

Experience: Pour water halfway into a plastic bag. We pierce the bag through with a pencil in the place where it is filled with water.

Explanation: If you pierce a plastic bag and then pour water into it, it will pour out through the holes. But if you first fill the bag halfway with water and then pierce it with a sharp object so that the object remains stuck in the bag, then almost no water will flow out through these holes. This is due to the fact that when polyethylene breaks, its molecules are attracted closer to each other. In our case, the polyethylene is pulled around the pencils.

Non-popping ball

You will need: balloon, wooden skewer and some dishwashing liquid.

Experience: Lubricate the top and bottom with the product and pierce the ball, starting from the bottom.

Explanation: The secret of this trick is simple. In order to save the ball, you need to pierce it at the points of least tension, and they are located at the bottom and at the top of the ball.

Cauliflower

It will take: 4 cups of water, food coloring, cabbage leaves or white flowers.

Experience: Add food coloring of any color to each glass and put one leaf or flower into the water. Leave them overnight. In the morning you will see that they have turned into different colors.

Explanation: Plants absorb water and thus nourish their flowers and leaves. This is due to the capillary effect, in which the water itself tends to fill the thin tubes inside the plants. This is how flowers, and grass, and big trees. By sucking in tinted water, they change their color.

floating egg

It will take: 2 eggs, 2 glasses of water, salt.

Experience: Gently place the egg in a glass with a simple clean water. As expected, it will sink to the bottom (if not, the egg may be rotten and should not be returned to the refrigerator). Pour into the second glass warm water and stir in it 4-5 tablespoons of salt. For the purity of the experiment, you can wait until the water cools down. Then dip the second egg into the water. It will float near the surface.

Explanation: It's all about density. The average density of an egg is much greater than that of plain water, so the egg sinks down. And the density brine higher, and so the egg rises.

crystal lollipops

It will take: 2 cups water, 5 cups sugar, wooden sticks for mini skewers, thick paper, transparent glasses, saucepan, food coloring.

Experience: In a quarter cup of water, boil sugar syrup with a couple of tablespoons of sugar. Sprinkle some sugar on paper. Then you need to dip the stick in syrup and collect the sugar with it. Next, distribute them evenly on a stick.

Leave the sticks to dry overnight. In the morning, dissolve 5 cups of sugar in 2 cups of water on fire. You can leave the syrup to cool for 15 minutes, but it should not cool down much, otherwise the crystals will not grow. Then pour it into jars and add different food colors. Lower the prepared sticks into a jar of syrup so that they do not touch the walls and bottom of the jar, a clothespin will help with this.

Explanation: As the water cools, the solubility of sugar decreases, and it begins to precipitate and settle on the walls of the vessel and on your stick with a seed of sugar grains.

lit match

Need: Matches, flashlight.

Experience: Light a match and hold it at a distance of 10-15 centimeters from the wall. Shine a flashlight on the match and you will see that only your hand and the match itself are reflected on the wall. It would seem obvious, but I never thought about it.

Explanation: Fire does not cast shadows, as it does not prevent light from passing through it.

Educational experiences for children

Does your kid love everything mysterious, mysterious and unusual? Then be sure to conduct with him the simple, but very interesting experiments described in this article. Most of them will surprise and even puzzle the child, give him the opportunity to see for himself in practice the unusual properties of ordinary objects, phenomena, their interaction with each other, understand the cause of what is happening and thereby acquire practical experience.

Your son or daughter will certainly earn the respect of their peers by showing them experiences as tricks. For example, they can make cold water "boil" or use a lemon to launch a homemade rocket. Such entertainment can be included in the birthday program for children of preschool and primary school age.

invisible ink

half a lemon, cotton wool, a match, a cup of water, a sheet of paper.

1. Squeeze the juice from the lemon into a cup, add the same amount of water.

2. Dip a match or a toothpick with wound cotton wool into the solution lemon juice and water and write something on paper with this match.

3. When the "ink" is dry, heat the paper over the included desk lamp. Previously invisible words will appear on paper.

Lemon inflates a balloon

For the experience you will need:1 tsp baking soda, lemon juice, 3 tbsp. vinegar, balloon, electrical tape, glass and bottle, funnel.

1. Pour water into a bottle and dissolve a teaspoon of baking soda in it.

2. In a separate bowl, mix lemon juice and 3 tablespoons of vinegar and pour into a bottle through a funnel.

3. Quickly put the ball on the neck of the bottle and secure it tightly with electrical tape.

See what's happening! Baking soda and lemon juice mixed with vinegar react chemically to release carbon dioxide and create pressure that inflates the balloon.

Lemon launches a rocket into space

For the experience you will need:bottle (glass), cork from a wine bottle, colored paper, glue, 3 tbsp lemon juice, 1 tsp. baking soda, a piece of toilet paper.

1. Cut out from colored paper and glue strips of paper on both sides of the wine cork so that you get a rocket model. We try on the "rocket" on the bottle so that the cork enters the neck of the bottle without effort.

2. Pour and mix water and lemon juice in a bottle.

3. Wrap baking soda in a piece of toilet paper so that you can stick it into the neck of the bottle and wrap it with thread.

4. We lower the bag of soda into the bottle and plug it with a rocket cork, but not too tightly.

5. We put the bottle on a plane and move to a safe distance. Our rocket with a loud bang will fly up. Just don't put it under a chandelier!

Scattering toothpicks

For the experience you will need:a bowl of water, 8 wooden toothpicks, a pipette, a piece of refined sugar (not instant), dishwashing liquid.

1. We have toothpicks with rays in a bowl of water.

2. Gently lower a piece of sugar into the center of the bowl - the toothpicks will begin to gather towards the center.

3. Remove the sugar with a teaspoon and drop a few drops of dishwashing liquid into the center of the bowl with a pipette - the toothpicks will “scatter”!

What is going on? The sugar sucks up the water, creating a movement that moves the toothpicks toward the center. Soap, spreading over the water, drags particles of water with it, and they cause the toothpicks to scatter. Explain to the children that you showed them a trick, and all tricks are based on certain natural physical phenomena which they will study in school.

mighty shell

For the experience you will need:4 eggshell halves, scissors, narrow sticky tape, several full cans.

1. Wrap duct tape around the middle of each eggshell half.

2. Cut off the excess shell with scissors so that the edges are even.

3. Put the four halves of the shell with the dome up so that they make a square.

4. Carefully put a jar on top, then another and another ... until the shell bursts.

The weight of how many jars could withstand the fragile shells? Add up the weights indicated on the labels and find out how many cans you can put in order to complete the trick. The secret of strength is in the domed shape of the shell.

teach an egg to swim

For the experience you will need:raw egg, a glass of water, a few tablespoons of salt.

1. Put a raw egg in a glass of clean tap water- the egg will sink to the bottom of the glass.

2. Take the egg out of the glass and dissolve a few tablespoons of salt in the water.

3. Dip the egg into a glass of salt water - the egg will remain floating on the surface of the water.

Salt increases the density of water. The more salt in the water, the more difficult it is to drown in it. In the famous Dead Sea, the water is so salty that a person without any effort can lie on its surface without fear of drowning.

"Bait" for ice

For the experience you will need:thread, ice cube, a glass of water, a pinch of salt.

Bet a friend that you can use a string to pull an ice cube out of a glass of water without getting your hands wet.

1. Dip the ice into the water.

2. Put the thread on the edge of the glass so that it lies at one end on an ice cube floating on the surface of the water.

3. Pour some salt on the ice and wait 5-10 minutes.

4. Take the free end of the thread and pull the ice cube out of the glass.

Salt, hitting the ice, slightly melts a small area of ​​it. Within 5-10 minutes, the salt dissolves in water, and pure water on the surface of the ice freezes along with the thread.

Can cold water "boil"?

For the experience you will need:a thick handkerchief, a glass of water, pharmaceutical gum.

1. Wet and wring out a handkerchief.

2. Pour a full glass cold water.

3. Cover the glass with a handkerchief and fix it on the glass with a rubber band.

4. Push the middle of the scarf with your finger so that it is 2-3 cm immersed in water.

5. Turn the glass over the sink upside down.

6. With one hand we hold a glass, with the other we lightly hit its bottom. The water in the glass starts bubbling ("boiling").

A wet handkerchief does not let water through. When we hit the glass, a vacuum is formed in it, and air through the handkerchief begins to flow into the water, sucked in by the vacuum. It is these air bubbles that give the impression that the water is "boiling".

Straw pipette

For the experience you will need:straw for a cocktail, 2 glasses.

1. Put 2 glasses side by side: one with water, the other empty.

2. Dip the straw into the water.

3. Hold down index finger straw on top and transfer to an empty glass.

4. Remove your finger from the straw - water will flow into an empty glass. By doing the same several times, we can transfer all the water from one glass to another.

The pipette, which is probably in your home first aid kit, works on the same principle.

straw flute

For the experience you will need:wide straw for a cocktail and scissors.

1. Flatten the end of a straw about 15 mm long and cut its edges with scissors.

2. From the other end of the straw, cut 3 small holes at the same distance from each other.

This is how the "flute" came about. If you lightly blow into the straw, slightly squeezing it with your teeth, the "flute" will start to sound. If you close one or the other hole of the "flute" with your fingers, the sound will change. And now let's try to pick up some melody.

Rapier Straw

For the experience you will need:raw potato and 2 thin straws for a cocktail.

1. Put the potatoes on the table. Clamp the straw in your fist and with a sharp movement try to stick the straw into the potato. The straw will bend, but it will not pierce the potato.

2. Take the second straw. Close the hole at the top thumb.

3. Drop the straw sharply. She will easily enter the potato and pierce it.

The air that we squeezed with our thumb inside the straw makes it elastic and does not allow it to bend, so it easily pierces the potato.

bird in a cage

For the experience you will need:a piece of thick cardboard, compasses, scissors, colored pencils or felt-tip pens, thick threads, a needle and a ruler.

1. Cut out a circle of any diameter from cardboard.

2. We pierce two holes on the circle with a needle.

3. Through the holes on each side we will draw a thread about 50 cm long.

4. Draw a bird cage on the front side of the circle, and a small bird on the back side.

5. We rotate the cardboard circle, holding it by the ends of the threads. The threads will twist. Now let's pull their ends in different directions. The threads will unwind and rotate the circle in the opposite direction. It looks like the bird is in a cage. An animation effect is created, the rotation of the circle becomes invisible, and the bird "turns out" in a cage.

How does a square turn into a circle?

For the experience you will need:rectangular cardboard, pencil, felt-tip pen and ruler.

1. Put the ruler on the cardboard so that with one end it touches its corner, and with the other - the middle of the opposite side.

2. We put 25-30 dots on a cardboard with a felt-tip pen at a distance of 0.5 mm from each other.

3. Pierce the middle of the cardboard with a sharp pencil (the middle will be the intersection of the diagonal lines).

4. Rest the pencil vertically on the table, holding it with your hand. The cardboard should rotate freely on the tip of the pencil.

5. Unroll the cardboard.

A circle appears on a rotating cardboard. This is just a visual effect. Each dot on the cardboard rotates in a circle, as if creating a continuous line. The point closest to the tip moves the slowest, and we perceive its trace as a circle.

strong newspaper

For the experience you will need:long ruler and newspaper.

1. Put the ruler on the table so that it hangs halfway.

2. Fold the newspaper several times, put it on the ruler, hit hard on the hanging end of the ruler. The newspaper will fly off the table.

3. And now let's unfold the newspaper and cover the ruler with it, hit the ruler. The newspaper will only rise slightly, but will not fly away anywhere.

What is the focus? All objects experience air pressure. How more area object, the stronger the pressure. Now it is clear why the newspaper has become so strong?

Mighty Breath

For the experience you will need:clothes hanger, strong threads, a book.

1. Tie a book with thread to a clothes hanger.

2. Hang the hanger on a clothesline.

3. We will stand near the book at a distance of approximately 30 cm. We will blow on the book with all our might. It will deviate slightly from its original position.

4. Now let's blow on the book again, but lightly. As soon as the book deviates a little, we blow after it. And so several times.

It turns out that such repeated light blows can move the book much further than once strongly blowing on it.

Record weight

For the experience you will need:2 tins of coffee or canned food, a sheet of paper, an empty glass jar.

1. Place two tin cans at a distance of 30 cm from each other.

2. Put a sheet of paper on top to make a "bridge".

3. Put an empty glass jar on the sheet. The paper will not support the weight of the can and will bend down.

4. Now fold a sheet of paper with an accordion.

5. Put this "harmonica" on two tin cans and put a glass jar on it. The accordion does not bend!

Science tricks for kids

snow flowers

Prepare for experience:

- a straw
- soap solution

When a cloud forms at a very low temperature, instead of raindrops, water vapor condenses into tiny needles of ice; needles stick together, and snow falls to the ground. Snow flakes consist of small crystals arranged in the form of stars of amazing regularity and variety. Each asterisk is divided into three, six, twelve parts, symmetrically arranged around one axis or point.

We don't need to climb into the clouds to see these snow stars form.

Only needed in hard frost get out of the house and blow a soap bubble. Immediately, ice needles will appear in a thin film of water; they will gather before our eyes into wonderful snow stars and flowers.

living shadow

Prepare for experience:

- mirror,
- candle (lamp)
- paper,
- scissors

If you stand between a light source and a wall, your shadow will appear on the wall - a black silhouette, without eyes, without a nose, without a mouth. And you can make it so that the shadow also has eyes, and not simple, but huge, like a monster, and a nose of any shape, and a mouth that will either open or close.

To do this, it is enough to stand in the corner of the room near the wall on which the mirror hangs. A lamp or a candle must be placed so that the "bunny" from the mirror falls on the wall, which serves as a screen, exactly in the place where the shadow from your head falls; an illuminated rectangle or oval will appear in this place, depending on the shape of the mirror.

But the mirror can be covered with a sheet of paper, and eyes, nose, and mouth can be cut through that sheet; they immediately appear as bright spots on the shadow that your head casts on the wall.

If you prepare two sheets with different cutouts, fasten one firmly to the mirror, and then put the other on top of the first one, then remove it, the eyes will begin to move on the shadows, and the mouth will either open or close. This is a very simple and fun trick.

Hanging without rope

Prepare for experience:

- wire ring
- threads,
- matches,
- salt solution

Soak the thread in a strong salt solution and dry it; repeat this operation several times.

Now that your secret preparations are over, show your friends the thread, it looks no different from any other.

Hang a light wire ring on this thread. Set fire to the thread, the fire will pass from top to bottom, and to the surprise of the audience, the ring will hang calmly on a thin cord of ash!

Your thread has really burned out, leaving only a thin tube of salt, strong enough to support a ringlet if the air is calm and there is no draft in the room.

Note: when you do this trick, both the doors and windows in the room should be closed so that there is not the slightest draft. The slightest movement of air is enough for the fragile threads to break and the ring to fall to the floor.

Source: Tom Tit "Science Fun".

"Liquid" tricks

live fish

Cut out a fish from thick paper. The fish has a round hole in the middle. BUT , which is connected to the tail by a narrow channelAB . You can also use our template Print the fish on the printer, stick it on cardboard and cut it out with scissors.

Pour water into the basin and place the fish on the water so that down side all of it was moistened, but the top remained completely dry. It is convenient to do this with a fork: putting the fish on the fork, carefully lower it into the water, and sink the fork deeper and pull it out.

Now you need to drop a large drop of oil into hole A. It is best to use an oil can from a bicycle or a sewing machine for this. If there is no oiler, you can dial the machine or vegetable oil into a pipette or cocktail tube: lower the tube with one end into the oil by 2-3 mm. Then cover the upper end with your finger and transfer the straw to the fish. Holding the lower end exactly over the hole, release your finger. The oil will flow straight into the hole.

In an effort to spill over the surface of the water, the oil will flow through channel AB. The fish will not let him spread in other directions. What do you think the fish will do under the action of the oil flowing back? It is clear: she will swim forward!

Restless grains

It's easier than ever to make an object move by pushing it with your hand. Is it possible to make rice grains move without touching them? Do this experiment and you will learn at least one way.

Props:
- chilled can of beer
- cup
- 6 grains of rice

Training:
1. Lay out the necessary items on the table.
2. Open the can and pour the beer into a glass.

Let's start the science magic:
1. Announce to the audience: "I have a few grains of rice that just don't want to go to bed. They're always on the move and can't stop."
2. Pour the grains into a glass of beer.
3. Wait a few seconds and see what happens.

Note: Instead of rice, you can take finely chopped spaghetti. Break them into 1.25 cm pieces and dip them into the beer.

Result:
After a while, the grains of rice in the glass will begin to float up and down.

Explanation:

This is because a can of beer contains a gas called carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide in the can is dissolved in the liquid and is under pressure. When you open a can and pour the beer into a glass, you release this gas. The density of carbon dioxide is lower than that of the liquid in the jar, so its bubbles rise to the surface.

When you pour rice grains into a glass, gas bubbles "stick" to them from the surface. The density of grains combined with bubbles becomes lower than that of beer. The grains covered with bubbles rise to the surface of the liquid. There, the carbon dioxide bubbles burst, and the density of the grains again becomes higher than the density of the beer. Freed from gas bubbles, they again go to the bottom. There, the gas bubbles again "stick" to the surface of the grains, and everything repeats from the beginning. This continues until the beer no longer releases gas. Pretty soon, carbon dioxide ceases to be released, and the grains calmly sink to the bottom.

density tower

In this experiment, objects will hang in the thickness of the liquid.

Props:
- high narrow glass vessel, for example, an empty clean half-liter jar from under canned olives or mushrooms
- 1/4 cup (65 ml) corn syrup or honey
- food coloring of any color
- 1/4 cup tap water
- 1/4 cup vegetable oil
- 1/4 cup medical alcohol
- various small items, e.g. a cork, a grape, a nut, a piece of dried pasta, a rubber ball, a cherry tomato, a small plastic toy, a metal screw

Training:
1. Carefully pour honey into the vessel, so that it occupies 1/4 of the volume.
2. Dissolve a few drops of food coloring in water. Pour water halfway into the vessel. Please note: when adding each liquid, pour it very carefully so that it does not mix with the bottom layer.
3. Slowly pour the same amount of vegetable oil into the vessel.
4. Fill the vessel to the top with alcohol.

Let's start the science magic:
1. Announce to the audience that you will now make various objects float. You may be told that it is easy. Then explain to them that you will make different objects float in liquids at different levels.
2. Gently drop small objects into the vessel one at a time.
3. Let the audience see for themselves what happened.

Result:
Different objects will float in the thickness of the liquid at different levels. Some will "hang" right in the middle of the vessel.

Explanation:
This trick is based on the ability various substances sink or float depending on their density. Substances with a lower density float on the surface of denser substances.

The alcohol remains on the surface of the vegetable oil because the density of the alcohol is less than the density of the oil. Vegetable oil remains on the surface of the water because the density of the oil is less than the density of water. Water, on the other hand, is less dense than honey or corn syrup, so it stays on the surface of these liquids.

When you drop objects into a vessel, they float or sink depending on their density and the density of the liquid layers. The screw has a higher density than any of the liquids in the vessel, so it will fall to the very bottom. The density of pasta is higher than the density of alcohol, vegetable oil and water, but lower than the density of honey, so it will float on the surface of the honey layer. The rubber ball has the smallest density, lower than any of the liquids, so it will float on the surface of the topmost, alcohol layer.

hard as stone

Sometimes what you expect doesn't happen. Do this experiment to confuse your friends.
Please note: This experiment requires adult assistance.

Props:
- 2 plastic cups with water (total 250 ml of water)
- microwave
- tacks
- adult assistant

Training:
1. Put one cup of water in the freezer for at least 2 days to make sure the water is completely frozen.
2. Place both cups on the table.

Let's start the science magic:
1. Invite an adult to be your assistant.
2. Ask the audience: "What do you think will happen if you put a cup of water and a cup with the same amount of ice in the microwave for 2 minutes?" They will probably answer that the ice will melt and the water will heat up.
3. Place both cups in the microwave.
4. Turn on the oven at maximum power for 2 minutes.
5. When they pass, have your adult assistant use oven mitts to remove both cups from the microwave.

Tips for a learned wizard:
For the trick to work better, the ice must be very well frozen. If you have a freezer at home, it's better to use it, because there are usually more low temperature than in the freezer compartment of a conventional refrigerator.

Result:
The ice will remain frozen, and the water in the second cup will almost boil.

Explanation:
In solid water - ice - the water molecules are very densely packed. They can only wobble slightly in place. In liquid water, the molecules not only vibrate in place, but can also rotate around their axis and each other. When water is heated, the molecules become even more mobile and begin to collide with each other.

AT microwave oven food is heated due to an increase in the speed of rotation and movement of molecules. However, those molecules that can only slightly vibrate are weakly affected by microwaves. Therefore, when ice and water are together in a microwave oven, the microwaves increase the temperature of the water, but have almost no effect on the ice.

If you put ice in the microwave for a longer time, it will melt. The ice begins to melt and turn into water not due to microwaves, but due to an increase in air temperature in the oven chamber. Since microwaves act on water, the small amount of it that manages to get out of the ice warms up and melts the ice that is nearby. This process continues and eventually all the ice melts.

This is how a microwave oven is used to defrost food. This occurs at a lower power output, and, accordingly, temperature. The temperature in the chamber causes some of the food to thaw and the water it contains becomes liquid. This water is heated by microwaves and heats up the frozen food. This gradual process continues until all food is thawed. Usually, its outer parts get very hot and begin to cook before it is completely thawed inside.

broken pencil

This experience is based on the properties of water and light.

Props:
- cup
- tap water
- pencil

Training:
1. Fill a glass approximately 2/3 full with tap water.
2. Place a glass of water and a pencil on the table.

Let's start the science magic:
1. Hold a pencil in front of you. Announce to the audience: "Now I will break a pencil just by putting it in a glass of water."
2. Dip the pencil vertically into the water so that its tip is approximately halfway between the bottom of the glass and the surface of the water.
3. Hold the pencil at the back of the glass, away from the audience.
4. Move the pencil back and forth in the water, holding it vertically. Ask the audience what they see.
5. Get the pencil out of the water.

Result:
Viewers will think that the pencil is broken. From their point of view, the part of the pencil that is under water is slightly offset from the part that is under water.

Explanation:
This effect is due to refraction. Light travels in a straight line, but when a beam of light passes from one transparent substance to another, its direction changes. This is refraction. When light passes from a denser substance, such as water, to a less dense one, such as air, refraction occurs, or a visible change in the angle of incidence of the beam. Light in substances of different densities propagates at different speeds.

The light reflected from the pencil, passing through the air, seems to the audience to be in one place, and through the water - in another.

vanishing coin

Here is another experiment in which water and light produce a mysterious effect.

Props:
- 1 liter glass jar with lid
- tap water
- coin
- assistant

Training:
1. Pour water into the jar and close the lid.
2. Give your assistant a coin so that he can make sure that this is really the most common coin and there is no catch in it.
3. Have him put the coin on the table. Ask him: "Do you see the coin?" (Of course, he will answer yes.)
4. Put a jar of water on the coin.
5. Say magic words, for example: "Here is a magic coin, here it was, but not there."
6. Have your helper look through the waterside cans and say if he sees the coin now? What will he answer?

Tips for a learned wizard:
You can make this trick even more effective. After your helper can't see the coin, you can make it reappear. Say other magic words, for example: "As the coin fell, so it appeared." Now remove the jar and the coin will be back in place.

Result:
When you place a jar of water on a coin, the coin seems to have disappeared. Your assistant will not see it.

Explanation:
This focus is achieved due to the reflection of light from the wall of the jar. Reflection is the bouncing of light from a surface back.

Entertaining experiences in the kitchen

We make cottage cheese

Grandmothers, who are over 50 years old, remember well how they themselves made cottage cheese for their children. You can show this process to a child.

Warm the milk by pouring a little lemon juice into it (calcium chloride can also be used). Show the children how the milk immediately curdled into large flakes with whey on top.

Drain the resulting mass through several layers of gauze and leave for 2-3 hours.

You've made a wonderful curd.

Pour syrup over it and offer the child for dinner. We are sure that even those children who do not like this milk product, will not be able to refuse a delicacy prepared with their own participation.

How to make ice cream?

For ice cream you will need: cocoa, sugar, milk, sour cream. You can add grated chocolate, waffle crumbs or small pieces of cookies to it.

Mix two tablespoons of cocoa, one tablespoon of sugar, four tablespoons of milk and two tablespoons of sour cream in a bowl. Add cookie and chocolate crumbs. Ice cream is ready. Now it needs to be cooled down.

Take a larger bowl, put ice in it, sprinkle it with salt, mix. Place a bowl of ice cream on top of ice and cover with a towel to keep heat out. Stir ice cream every 3-5 minutes. If you have enough patience, then after about 30 minutes the ice cream will thicken and you can try it. Tasty?

How does our homemade refrigerator work? It is known that ice melts at a temperature of zero degrees. Salt also delays the cold, does not allow the ice to melt quickly. Therefore, salt ice keeps cold longer. Yes, the towel does not allow penetration warm air to ice cream. And the result? Ice cream is beyond praise!

Let's beat down the butter

If you live in the summer in the country, then you probably take natural milk from a thrush. Do experiments with milk with the children.

Prepare a liter jar. Fill it with milk and refrigerate for 2-3 days. Show the children how the milk has separated into lighter cream and heavy skimmed milk.

Collect the cream in a jar with an airtight lid. And if you have the patience and free time, then shake the jar for half an hour in turn with the children until the balls of fat merge together and form oil lumps.

Believe me, children have never eaten such delicious butter.

Homemade lollipops

Cooking - an exciting activity. Now let's make homemade lollipops.

To do this, prepare a glass with warm water, in which to dissolve as much granulated sugar as it can dissolve. Then take a straw for a cocktail, tie a clean thread to it, attaching a small piece of pasta to the end of it (it is best to use small pasta). Now it remains to put the straw on top of the glass, across, and lower the end of the thread with pasta into the sugar solution. And be patient.

When the water from the glass begins to evaporate, the sugar molecules will begin to approach and sweet crystals will begin to settle on the thread and on the pasta, taking on bizarre shapes.

Let your little one taste the lollipop. Tasty?

The same lollipops will be much tastier if jam syrup is added to the sugar solution. Then you get lollipops with different tastes: cherry, blackcurrant and others that he wants.

"Roasted" sugar

Take two pieces of refined sugar. Moisten them with a few drops of water to make it moist, put in a stainless steel spoon and heat it for a few minutes over gas until the sugar melts and turns yellow. Don't let it burn.

As soon as the sugar turns into a yellowish liquid, pour the contents of the spoon onto the saucer in small drops.

Taste your candies with your children. Liked? Then open a candy factory!

Changing the color of cabbage

Together with your child, prepare a salad of finely chopped red cabbage, grated with salt, and pour it with vinegar and sugar. Watch the cabbage turn from purple to bright red. This is the effect of acetic acid.

However, as the salad is stored, it may again turn purple or even turn blue. This happens because acetic acid is gradually diluted with cabbage juice, its concentration decreases and the color of the red cabbage dye changes. These are the transformations.

Why are unripe apples sour?

Unripe apples are high in starch and contain no sugar.

Starch is an unsweetened substance. Let the child lick the starch, and he will be convinced of this. How do you know if a product contains starch?

Make a weak solution of iodine. Drop them in a handful of flour, starch, on a piece of raw potato, on a slice of an unripe apple. The blue color that appears proves that all these products contain starch.

Repeat the experiment with the apple when it is fully ripe. And you will probably be surprised that you will no longer find starch in an apple. But now it has sugar in it. So, fruit ripening is a chemical process of converting starch into sugar.

edible glue

Your child needed glue for crafts, but the jar of glue was empty? Don't rush to the store to buy. Weld it yourself. What is familiar to you is unusual to a child.

Cook him a small portion of thick jelly, showing him each of the steps of the process. For those who do not know: in boiling juice (or in water with jam), you need to pour, mixing thoroughly, a solution of starch diluted in a small amount of cold water, and bring to a boil.

I think the child will be surprised that this glue-jelly can be eaten with a spoon, or you can glue crafts with it.

Homemade sparkling water

Remind your child that he is breathing air. Air is made up of different gases, but many are invisible and odorless, making them hard to spot. Carbon dioxide is one of the gases that make up the air and ... carbonated water. But it can be isolated at home.

Take two straws for a cocktail, but different diameter, so that the narrow one by a few millimeters fits snugly into the wider one. It turned out a long straw, made up of two. Make a hole in the cork of a plastic bottle with a sharp object. vertical hole and insert either end of the straw there.

If there are no straws of different diameters, then you can make a small vertical incision in one and stick it into another straw. The main thing is to get a tight connection.

Pour water diluted with any jam into a glass, and pour half a tablespoon of soda into a bottle through a funnel. Then pour vinegar into the bottle - about one hundred milliliters.

Now you need to act very quickly: stick the cork with a straw into the bottle, and dip the other end of the straw into a glass of sweet water.

What's going on in the glass?

Explain to your child that vinegar and drinking soda actively began to interact with each other, releasing carbon dioxide bubbles. It rises up and passes through a straw into a glass with a drink, where bubbles come to the surface of the water. Here is sparkling water and ready.

Drown and eat

Wash two oranges well. Put one of them in a bowl of water. He will swim. And even if you try hard, you won't be able to drown him.

Peel the second orange and put it in the water. Well? Do you believe your eyes? The orange has sunk.

How so? Two identical oranges, but one drowned and the other floated?

Explain to the child: "There are many air bubbles in the orange peel. They push the orange to the surface of the water. Without the peel, the orange sinks because it is heavier than the water it displaces."

About the benefits of milk

Oddly enough, the best way to learn why you need to drink milk is to do an experiment with bones.

Take the eaten chicken bones, wash them properly, let them dry. Then pour vinegar in a bowl so that it covers the bones completely, close the lid and leave for a week.

After seven days, drain the vinegar, carefully examine and touch the bones. They have become flexible. Why?

It turns out that calcium gives strength to bones. Calcium dissolves in acetic acid, and the bones lose their hardness.

You want to ask: "What does milk have to do with it?"

Milk is known to be rich in calcium. Milk is useful because it replenishes our body with calcium, which means it makes our bones hard and strong.

How to get from salt water drinking water?

Pour water with your child into a deep basin, add two tablespoons of salt there, stir until the salt dissolves. Place washed pebbles on the bottom of an empty plastic cup so that it does not float up, but its edges should be above the water level in the basin. Stretch the film from above, tying it around the pelvis. Squeeze the film in the center over the glass and put another pebble in the recess. Place your basin in the sun.

After a few hours, unsalted, clean drinking water will accumulate in the glass.

This is explained simply: the water begins to evaporate in the sun, the condensate settles on the film and flows into an empty glass. Salt does not evaporate and remains in the pelvis.

Now that you know how to get fresh water, you can safely go to the sea and not be afraid of thirst. There is a lot of water in the sea, and you can always get the purest drinking water from it.

live yeast

A well-known Russian proverb says: "The hut is red not with corners, but with pies." We don't bake pies, though. Although, why not? Moreover, we always have yeast in our kitchen. But first we will show the experience, and then we can take on the pies.

Tell the children that yeast is made up of tiny living organisms called microbes (meaning that microbes can be good as well as bad). When they feed, they emit carbon dioxide, which, mixed with flour, sugar and water, “raises” the dough, making it lush and tasty.

Dry yeast is like little lifeless balls. But this is only until the millions of tiny microbes that dormant in a cold and dry form come to life.

Let's revive them. Pour two tablespoons of warm water into a pitcher, add two teaspoons of yeast to it, then one teaspoon of sugar and stir.

Pour the yeast mixture into the bottle, pulling a balloon over its neck. Place the bottle in a bowl of warm water.

Ask the guys what will happen?

That's right, when the yeast comes to life and starts eating sugar, the mixture will fill with bubbles of carbon dioxide already familiar to children, which they begin to release. The bubbles burst and the gas inflates the balloon.

Is the coat warm?

This experience should be very popular with children.

Buy two cups of paper-wrapped ice cream. Unfold one of them and put on a saucer. And wrap the second one right in the wrapper in a clean towel and wrap it well with a fur coat.

After 30 minutes, unwrap the wrapped ice cream and place it unwrapped on a saucer. Expand and the second ice cream. Compare both portions. Surprised? What about your children?

It turns out that ice cream under a fur coat, in contrast to what is on a silver platter, almost did not melt. So what? Maybe a fur coat is not a fur coat at all, but a refrigerator? Why, then, do we wear it in winter, if it does not warm, but cools?

Everything is explained simply. Fur coat stopped skipping to ice cream room heat. And from this, the ice cream in a fur coat became cold, so the ice cream did not melt.

Now the question is also natural: "Why does a person put on a fur coat in the cold?"
Answer: To keep warm.

When a person puts on a fur coat at home, he is warm, but the fur coat does not let heat out into the street, so the person does not freeze.

Ask the child if he knows that there are "fur coats" made of glass?

This is a thermos. It has double walls, and between them - emptiness. Heat does not pass through the void. Therefore, when we pour hot tea into a thermos, it stays hot for a long time. And if you pour cold water into it, what will happen to it? The child can now answer this question himself.

If he still finds it difficult to answer, let him do one more experiment: pour cold water into a thermos and check it in 30 minutes.

Thrust funnel
Can a funnel "refuse" to let water into a bottle? Let's check!

We will need:
- 2 funnels
- two identical clean dry plastic bottles of 1 liter
- plasticine
- jug of water

Training:
1. Insert a funnel into each bottle.

2. Coat the neck of one of the bottles around the funnel with plasticine so that there is no gap left.

Let's start the science magic!

1. Announce to the audience: "I have a magic funnel that keeps water out of the bottle."

2. Take a bottle without plasticine and pour some water into it through a funnel. Explain to the audience, "This is how most funnels behave."

3. Put a bottle of plasticine on the table.

4. Fill the funnel with water up to the top. See what will happen.
Result:
A little water will flow from the funnel into the bottle, and then it will stop flowing altogether.

Explanation:
Water flows freely into the first bottle. Water flowing through the funnel into the bottle replaces the air in it, which escapes through the gaps between the neck and the funnel. In a bottle sealed with plasticine, there is also air, which has its own pressure. The water in the funnel also has pressure, which is due to the force of gravity pulling the water down. However, the force of air pressure in the bottle exceeds the force of gravity acting on the water. Therefore, water cannot enter the bottle.

If there is at least a small hole in the bottle or plasticine, air can escape through it. Because of this, its pressure inside the bottle will drop, and water will be able to flow into it.

dancing flakes

Some cereals are capable of making a lot of noise. Now we will find out if it is possible to teach rice flakes to jump and dance.

We will need:
- paper towel
- 1 teaspoon (5 ml) crispy rice flakes
- balloon
- wool sweater

Training:

2. Sprinkle cereal on a towel.

Let's start the science magic!
1. Address the audience like this: "All of you, of course, know how rice flakes can crackle, crunch and rustle. And now I'll show you how they can jump and dance."

2. Inflate the balloon and tie it up.
3. Rub the ball on the wool sweater.
4. Bring the ball to the cereal and see what happens.

Result:
The flakes will bounce and be attracted to the ball.

Explanation:
Static electricity helps you in this experiment. Electricity is called static when there is no current, that is, the movement of charge. It is formed by the friction of objects, in this case a ball and a sweater. All objects are made up of atoms, and each atom contains an equal number of protons and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, while electrons have a negative charge. When these charges are equal, the object is called neutral or uncharged. But there are objects, such as hair or wool, that lose their electrons very easily. If you rub the ball on a woolen thing, some of the electrons will pass from the wool to the ball, and it will acquire a negative static charge.

When you bring a negatively charged ball close to the flakes, the electrons in them begin to repel from it and move to opposite side. Thus, the top side of the flakes facing the ball becomes positively charged, and the ball attracts them to itself.

If you wait longer, the electrons will begin to move from the ball to the flakes. Gradually, the ball will become neutral again, and will no longer attract flakes. They will fall back onto the table.

Sorting
Do you think it is possible to separate the mixed pepper and salt? If you master this experiment, then you will definitely cope with this difficult task!

We will need:
- paper towel
- 1 teaspoon (5 ml) salt
- 1 teaspoon (5 ml) ground pepper
- the spoon
- balloon
- wool sweater
- assistant

Training:
1. Spread a paper towel on the table.
2. Sprinkle salt and pepper on it.

Let's start the science magic!

1. Invite someone from the audience to become your assistant.
2. Mix salt and pepper thoroughly with a spoon. Have a helper try to separate the salt from the pepper.
3. When your assistant is desperate to share them, invite him to sit and watch now.
4. Inflate the balloon, tie it off and rub it against the wool sweater.
5. Bring the ball closer to the salt and pepper mixture. What will you see?

Result:
Pepper will stick to the ball, and salt will remain on the table.

Explanation:
This is another example of the effect of static electricity. When you rub the ball with a woolen cloth, it acquires a negative charge. If you bring the ball to a mixture of pepper and salt, the pepper will begin to be attracted to it. This is because the electrons in the pepper grains tend to move as far away from the ball as possible. Consequently, the part of the peppercorns closest to the ball acquires a positive charge, and is attracted by the negative charge of the ball. The pepper sticks to the ball.

Salt is not attracted to the ball, since electrons move poorly in this substance. When you bring a charged ball to salt, its electrons still remain in their places. Salt from the side of the ball does not acquire a charge - it remains uncharged or neutral. Therefore, salt does not stick to a negatively charged ball.

flexible water

In previous experiments, you used static electricity to teach cereal to dance and separate pepper from salt. From this experience you will learn how static electricity affects ordinary water.

We will need:
- water faucet and sink
- balloon
- wool sweater

Training:
To conduct the experiment, choose a place where you will have access to running water. The kitchen is perfect.

Let's start the science magic!
1. Announce to the audience: "Now you will see how my magic will control the water."
2. Open the faucet so that the water flows in a thin stream.
3. Say the magic words to make the water jet move. Nothing will change; then apologize and explain to the audience that you will have to use the help of your magic balloon and magic sweater.
4. Inflate the balloon and tie it up. Rub the ball on the sweater.
5. Say the magic words again, and then bring the ball to a trickle of water. What will happen?

Result:
The jet of water will deflect towards the ball.

Explanation:
The electrons from the sweater during friction pass to the ball and give it a negative charge. This charge repels the electrons that are in the water, and they move to the part of the jet that is farthest from the ball. Closer to the ball, a positive charge arises in the water stream, and the negatively charged ball pulls it towards itself.

For the jet movement to be visible, it must be small. The static electricity that accumulates on the ball is relatively small, and it cannot move a large amount of water. If a trickle of water touches the balloon, it will lose its charge. The extra electrons will go into the water; both the balloon and the water will become electrically neutral, so the trickle will flow smoothly again.

Summary: Chemical experience - invisible ink. Experiments with citric acid and soda. Experiments with surface tension on water. Mighty shell. Teach an egg to swim. Animation. Experiments with optical illusions.

Does your kid love everything mysterious, mysterious and unusual? Then be sure to conduct with him the simple, but very interesting experiments described in this article. Most of them will surprise and even puzzle the child, give him the opportunity to see for himself in practice the unusual properties of ordinary objects, phenomena, their interaction with each other, understand the cause of what is happening and thereby gain practical experience.

Your son or daughter will certainly earn the respect of their peers by showing them experiences as tricks. For example, they can make cold water "boil" or use a lemon to launch a homemade rocket. Such entertainment can be included in the birthday program for children of preschool and primary school age.

invisible ink

To conduct the experiment, you will need: half a lemon, cotton wool, a match, a cup of water, a sheet of paper. 1. Squeeze the juice from the lemon into a cup, add the same amount of water. 2. Let's dip a match or a toothpick with wound cotton wool in a solution of lemon juice and water and write something on paper with this match. 3. When the "ink" is dry, heat the paper over the included desk lamp. Previously invisible words will appear on paper.

Lemon inflates a balloon

For the experience you will need: 1 tsp baking soda, lemon juice, 3 tbsp. vinegar, balloon, electrical tape, glass and bottle, funnel. 1. Pour water into a bottle and dissolve a teaspoon of baking soda in it. 2. In a separate bowl, mix lemon juice and 3 tablespoons of vinegar and pour into a bottle through a funnel. 3. Quickly put the ball on the neck of the bottle and secure it tightly with electrical tape. See what's happening! The baking soda and lemon juice mixed with vinegar react chemically, releasing carbon dioxide and creating pressure that inflates the balloon.

Lemon launches a rocket into space

For the experiment you will need: a bottle (glass), a cork from a wine bottle, colored paper, glue, 3 tablespoons of lemon juice, 1 tsp. baking soda, a piece of toilet paper. 1. Cut out from colored paper and glue strips of paper on both sides of the wine cork so that you get a rocket model. We try on the "rocket" on the bottle so that the cork enters the neck of the bottle without effort. 2. Pour and mix water and lemon juice in a bottle. 3. Wrap baking soda in a piece of toilet paper so that you can stick it into the neck of the bottle and wrap it with thread. 4. We lower the bag of soda into the bottle and plug it with a rocket cork, but not too tightly. 5. We put the bottle on a plane and move to a safe distance. Our rocket with a loud bang will fly up. Just don't put it under a chandelier!

Scattering toothpicks

To conduct the experiment, you will need: a bowl of water, 8 wooden toothpicks, a pipette, a piece of refined sugar (not instant), dishwashing liquid. 1. We have toothpicks with rays in a bowl of water. 2. Gently lower a piece of sugar into the center of the bowl - the toothpicks will begin to gather towards the center. 3. Remove the sugar with a teaspoon and drop a few drops of dishwashing liquid into the center of the bowl with a pipette - the toothpicks will “scatter”! What is going on? The sugar sucks up the water, creating a movement that moves the toothpicks toward the center. Soap, spreading over the water, drags particles of water with it, and they cause the toothpicks to scatter. Explain to the children that you showed them a trick, and all tricks are based on certain natural physical phenomena that they will study in school.

mighty shell

For the experiment you will need: 4 eggshell halves, scissors, narrow sticky tape, several full cans. 1. Wrap duct tape around the middle of each eggshell half. 2. Cut off the excess shell with scissors so that the edges are even. 3. Put the four halves of the shell with the dome up so that they make a square. 4. Carefully put a jar on top, then another and another ... until the shell bursts. The weight of how many jars could withstand the fragile shells? Add up the weights indicated on the labels and find out how many cans you can put in order to complete the trick. The secret of strength is in the domed shape of the shell.

teach an egg to swim

For the experiment you will need: a raw egg, a glass of water, a few tablespoons of salt. 1. Put a raw egg in a glass of clean tap water - the egg will sink to the bottom of the glass. 2. Take the egg out of the glass and dissolve a few tablespoons of salt in the water. 3. Dip the egg into a glass of salt water - the egg will remain floating on the surface of the water. Salt increases the density of water. The more salt in the water, the more difficult it is to drown in it. In the famous Dead Sea, the water is so salty that a person without any effort can lie on its surface without fear of drowning.

"Bait" for ice

To conduct the experiment, you will need: a thread, an ice cube, a glass of water, a pinch of salt. Bet a friend that you can use a string to pull an ice cube out of a glass of water without getting your hands wet. 1. Dip the ice into the water. 2. Put the thread on the edge of the glass so that it lies at one end on an ice cube floating on the surface of the water. 3. Pour some salt on the ice and wait 5-10 minutes. 4. Take the free end of the thread and pull the ice cube out of the glass. Salt, hitting the ice, slightly melts a small area of ​​it. Within 5-10 minutes, the salt dissolves in water, and pure water on the surface of the ice freezes along with the thread.

Can cold water "boil"?

To conduct the experiment, you will need: a thick handkerchief, a glass of water, pharmaceutical gum. 1. Wet and wring out a handkerchief. 2. Pour a full glass of cold water. 3. Cover the glass with a handkerchief and fix it on the glass with a rubber band. 4. Push the middle of the scarf with your finger so that it is 2-3 cm immersed in water. 5. Turn the glass over the sink upside down. 6. With one hand we hold a glass, with the other we lightly hit its bottom. The water in the glass starts bubbling ("boiling"). A wet handkerchief does not let water through. When we hit the glass, a vacuum is formed in it, and air through the handkerchief begins to flow into the water, sucked in by the vacuum. It is these air bubbles that give the impression that the water is "boiling".

Straw pipette

For the experiment you will need: a straw for a cocktail, 2 glasses. 1. Put 2 glasses side by side: one with water, the other empty. 2. Dip the straw into the water. 3. Hold the straw on top with your index finger and transfer it to an empty glass. 4. Remove your finger from the straw - water will flow into an empty glass. By doing the same several times, we can transfer all the water from one glass to another. The pipette, which is probably in your home first aid kit, works on the same principle.

straw flute

For the experiment you will need: a wide straw for a cocktail and scissors. 1. Flatten the end of a straw about 15 mm long and cut its edges with scissors. 2. From the other end of the straw, cut 3 small holes at the same distance from each other. This is how the "flute" came about. If you lightly blow into the straw, slightly squeezing it with your teeth, the "flute" will start to sound. If you close one or the other hole of the "flute" with your fingers, the sound will change. And now let's try to pick up some melody.

Rapier Straw

For the experiment, you will need: a raw potato and 2 thin straws for a cocktail. 1. Put the potatoes on the table. Clamp the straw in your fist and with a sharp movement try to stick the straw into the potato. The straw will bend, but it will not pierce the potato. 2. Take the second straw. Close the hole at the top with your thumb. 3. Drop the straw sharply. She will easily enter the potato and pierce it. The air that we squeezed with our thumb inside the straw makes it elastic and does not allow it to bend, so it easily pierces the potato.

bird in a cage

To conduct the experiment, you will need: a piece of thick cardboard, compasses, scissors, colored pencils or felt-tip pens, thick threads, a needle and a ruler. 1. Cut out a circle of any diameter from cardboard. 2. We pierce two holes on the circle with a needle. 3. Through the holes on each side we will draw a thread about 50 cm long. 4. Draw a bird cage on the front side of the circle, and a small bird on the back side. 5. We rotate the cardboard circle, holding it by the ends of the threads. The threads will twist. Now let's pull their ends in different directions. The threads will unwind and rotate the circle in the opposite direction. It looks like the bird is in a cage. An animation effect is created, the rotation of the circle becomes invisible, and the bird "turns out" in a cage.

How does a square turn into a circle?

To conduct the experiment, you will need: a rectangular cardboard, a pencil, a felt-tip pen and a ruler. 1. Put the ruler on the cardboard so that with one end it touches its corner, and with the other - the middle of the opposite side. 2. We put 25-30 dots on a cardboard with a felt-tip pen at a distance of 0.5 mm from each other. 3. Pierce the middle of the cardboard with a sharp pencil (the middle will be the intersection of the diagonal lines). 4. Rest the pencil vertically on the table, holding it with your hand. The cardboard should rotate freely on the tip of the pencil. 5. Unroll the cardboard. A circle appears on a rotating cardboard. This is just a visual effect. Each dot on the cardboard rotates in a circle, as if creating a continuous line. The point closest to the tip moves the slowest, and we perceive its trace as a circle.

strong newspaper

For the experiment you will need: a long ruler and a newspaper. 1. Put the ruler on the table so that it hangs halfway. 2. Fold the newspaper several times, put it on the ruler, hit hard on the hanging end of the ruler. The newspaper will fly off the table. 3. And now let's unfold the newspaper and cover the ruler with it, hit the ruler. The newspaper will only rise slightly, but will not fly away anywhere. What is the focus? All objects experience air pressure. The larger the area of ​​the object, the stronger this pressure. Now it is clear why the newspaper has become so strong?

Mighty Breath

To conduct the experiment, you will need: a clothes hanger, strong threads, a book. 1. Tie a book with thread to a clothes hanger. 2. Hang the hanger on a clothesline. 3. We will stand near the book at a distance of approximately 30 cm. We will blow on the book with all our might. It will deviate slightly from its original position. 4. Now let's blow on the book again, but lightly. As soon as the book deviates a little, we blow after it. And so several times. It turns out that such repeated light blows can move the book much further than once strongly blowing on it.

Record weight

To conduct the experiment, you will need: 2 tins of coffee or canned food, a sheet of paper, an empty glass jar. 1. Place two tin cans at a distance of 30 cm from each other. 2. Put a sheet of paper on top to make a "bridge". 3. Put an empty glass jar on the sheet. The paper will not support the weight of the can and will bend down. 4. Now fold a sheet of paper with an accordion. 5. Put this "harmonica" on two tin cans and put a glass jar on it. The accordion does not bend!

If you're wondering how to celebrate your child's birthday, you might like the idea of ​​throwing a nursery science show. In recent years, scientific holidays have become increasingly popular. Almost all children like entertaining experiments and experiments. For them, this is something magical and incomprehensible, which means interesting. The cost of hosting a science show is quite high. But this is no reason to deny yourself the pleasure of watching the astonished children's faces. After all, you can do on their own, I do not resort to the help of animators and holiday agencies.

In this article, I made a selection of simple chemical and physical experiments and experiments that can be done at home without any problems. Everything you need to carry them out is probably in your kitchen or first aid kit. You don't need any special skills either. All you need is a desire and a good mood.

I tried to collect simple but spectacular experiences that will be of interest to children. different ages. For every experience I prepared scientific explanation(It’s not for nothing that I studied to be a chemist!). To explain to the children the essence of what is happening or not is up to you. It all depends on their age and level of training. If the children are small, you can skip the explanation and go straight to the spectacular experience, saying only that they will be able to learn the secrets of such "miracles" when they grow up, go to school and begin to study chemistry and physics. Perhaps this will arouse their interest in studying in the future.

Although I chose the most safe experiences However, they still need to be taken very seriously. All manipulations are best performed with gloves and a bathrobe, at a safe distance from children. After all, the same vinegar and potassium permanganate can cause trouble.

And, of course, when conducting a children's science show, you need to take care of the image of a mad scientist. Your artistry and charisma will largely determine the success of the event. Transform from ordinary person becoming a funny scientific genius is not at all difficult - all you need to do is ruffle your hair, put on big glasses and a white coat, smear yourself with soot and make an expression corresponding to your new status. This is what a typical mad scientist looks like.

Before putting on a science show on children's holiday(by the way, it can be not only a birthday, but also any other holiday), all experiments should be done in the absence of children. Rehearse that there were no unpleasant surprises later. Few things can go wrong.

Children's experiments can be carried out without a festive occasion - just so that it is interesting and useful to spend time with a child.

Choose the experiences you like the most and write a script for the holiday. In order not to heavily burden children with science, albeit entertaining, dilute the event with fun games.

Part 1. Chemical show

Attention! When conducting chemical experiments should be extremely careful.

foam fountain

Almost all children love foam - the more the better. Even kids know how to make it: for this you need to pour shampoo into water and shake it well. But can the foam form by itself without shaking and be also colored?

Ask the children what they think foam is. What is it made of and how can it be obtained. Let them express their guesses.

Then explain that foam is bubbles filled with gas. This means that for its formation, some substance is needed, of which the walls of the bubbles will consist, and a gas that will fill them. For example, soap and air. When soap is added to water and stirred, air enters these bubbles from the environment. But gas can be obtained in another way - in the process of a chemical reaction.

Option 1

• hydroperite tablets;
• potassium permanganate;
• liquid soap;
• water;
• a glass vessel with a narrow neck (preferably beautiful);
• cup;
• a hammer;
• tray.

Statement of experience

1. Using a hammer, crush the hydroperite tablets into powder and pour it into a flask.
2. Place the flask on the tray.
3. Add liquid soap and water.
4. Prepare an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate in a glass and pour it into a flask with hydroperide.

After the solutions of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) and hydroperide (hydrogen peroxide) merge, a reaction will begin to occur between them, accompanied by the release of oxygen.

4KMnO 4 + 4H 2 O 2 = 4MnO 2 ¯ + 5O 2 + 2H 2 O + 4KOH

Under the action of oxygen, the soap present in the flask will begin to foam and lick out of the flask, forming a kind of fountain. Due to potassium permanganate, part of the foam will turn pink.

You can see how this happens in the video.

Important: the glass vessel must have a narrow neck. Do not take the resulting foam in your hands and do not give it to children.

Option 2

Another gas, such as carbon dioxide, is also suitable for the formation of foam. You can paint the foam in any color you wish.

For the experiment you will need:

• plastic bottle;
• soda;
• vinegar;
• food coloring;
• liquid soap.

Statement of experience

1. Pour into a bottle of vinegar.
2. Add liquid soap and food coloring.
3. Pour in soda.

Result and scientific explanation

When soda and vinegar interact, a violent chemical reaction occurs, accompanied by the release of carbon dioxide CO 2.

Under its action, the soap will begin to foam and lick out of the bottle. The dye will color the foam in the color you choose.

Merry ball

What's a birthday without balloons? Show the children the balloon and ask how to inflate it. The guys, of course, will answer that by mouth. Explain that the balloon is inflated by the carbon dioxide we exhale. But you can inflate the balloon with them in another way.

For the experiment you will need:

• soda;
• vinegar;
• bottle;
• balloon.

Statement of experience

1. Pour a teaspoon of baking soda into the balloon.
2. Pour into a bottle of vinegar.
3. Put the ball on the neck of the bottle and pour the soda into the bottle.

Result and scientific explanation

As soon as baking soda and vinegar come into contact, a violent chemical reaction will begin, accompanied by the release of carbon dioxide CO 2 . Balloon will start puffing up before your eyes.

CH 3 -COOH + Na + - → CH 3 -COO - Na + + H 2 O + CO 2

If you take a smiley balloon, it will impress the guys even more. At the end of the experiment, tie a balloon and give it to the birthday person.

See the video for a demonstration of the experience.

Chameleon

Can liquids change their color? If yes, why and how? Before setting up an experiment, be sure to ask the children these questions. Let them think. They will remember how water is colored when you rinse a brush with paint in it. Is it possible to decolorize the solution?

For the experiment you will need:

• starch;
• alcohol burner;
• test tube;
• cup;
• water.

Statement of experience

1. Pour a pinch of starch into a test tube and add water.
2. Drop some iodine. The solution will turn blue.
3. Light the burner.
4. Heat the test tube until the solution becomes colorless.
5. Pour into a glass of cold water and immerse the test tube into it so that the solution cools down and turns blue again.

Result and scientific explanation

When interacting with iodine, the starch solution turns blue, since a dark blue compound I 2 * (C 6 H 10 O 5) n is formed. However, this substance is unstable and, when heated, again decomposes into iodine and starch. When cooled, the reaction goes in the opposite direction and we again see how the solution turns blue. This reaction demonstrates the reversibility of chemical processes and their dependence on temperature.

I 2 + (C 6 H 10 O 5) n => I 2 * (C 6 H 10 O 5) n

(iodine - yellow) (starch - clear) (dark blue)

rubber egg

All children know that eggshell very fragile and can break with the slightest blow. It would be nice if the eggs didn't beat! Then you wouldn't have to worry about bringing the eggs home when your mom sends you to the store.

For the experiment you will need:

• vinegar;
• raw egg;
• cup.

Statement of experience

1. To surprise the kids, you need to prepare for this experience in advance. 3 days before the holiday, pour vinegar into a glass and place a raw chicken egg in it. Leave for three days so that the shell has time to completely dissolve.
2. Show the children a glass with an egg and invite everyone to say a magic spell together: “Tryn-dyryn, boom-brown! Egg, become rubber!
3. Take out the egg with a spoon, wipe it with a napkin and demonstrate how it can now be deformed.

Result and scientific explanation

Eggshells are made up of calcium carbonate, which dissolves when reacted with vinegar.

CaCO 3 + 2 CH 3 COOH \u003d Ca (CH 3 COO) 2 + H 2 O + CO 2

Due to the presence of a film between the shell and the contents of the egg, it retains its shape. What an egg looks like after vinegar, look at the video.

Secret letter

Children love everything mysterious, and therefore this experiment will surely seem like real magic to them.

Take an ordinary ballpoint pen and write on a piece of paper a secret message from aliens or draw some kind of secret sign, about which no one can know, except for the guys present.

When the children read what is written there, say that it is a big secret and the inscription must be destroyed. Moreover, magical water will help you erase the inscription. If you treat the inscription with a solution of potassium permanganate and vinegar, then with hydrogen peroxide, the ink will be washed off.

For the experiment you will need:

• potassium permanganate;
• vinegar;
• hydrogen peroxide;
• flask;
• cotton buds;
• ball pen;
• paper;
• water;
• paper towels or napkins;
• iron.

Statement of experience

1. Draw a picture or an inscription on a sheet of paper with a ballpoint pen.
2. Pour a little potassium permanganate into a test tube and add vinegar.
3. Soak a cotton swab in this solution and swipe over the inscription.
4. Take another cotton swab, moisten it with water and wash off the resulting stains.
5. Blot with a tissue.
6. Apply hydrogen peroxide to the inscription and blot again with a napkin.
7. Iron with an iron or put under a press.

Result and scientific explanation

After all the manipulations, you will get a blank sheet of paper, which will surprise the children very much.

Potassium permanganate is a very strong oxidizing agent, especially if the reaction occurs in an acidic environment:

MnO 4 ˉ+ 8 H + + 5 eˉ = Mn 2+ + 4 H 2 O

A strong acidified solution of potassium permanganate literally burns many organic compounds, turning them into carbon dioxide and water. Acetic acid is used to create an acidic environment in our experiment.

The product of the reduction of potassium permanganate is manganese dioxide Mn0 2, which has a brown color and precipitates. To remove it, we use hydrogen peroxide H 2 O 2 , which reduces the insoluble compound Mn0 2 to a highly soluble manganese (II) salt.

MnO 2 + H 2 O 2 + 2 H + = O 2 + Mn 2+ + 2 H 2 O.

I propose to see how the ink disappears on the video.

The power of thought

Before setting up the experiment, ask the children how to put out the candle flame. They, of course, will answer you that you need to blow out the candle. Ask if they believe you can put out a fire with an empty glass by casting a magic spell?

For the experiment you will need:

• vinegar;
• soda;
• glasses;
• candles;
• matches.

Statement of experience

1. Pour soda into a glass and pour vinegar over it.
2. Light some candles.
3. Bring a glass of soda and vinegar to another glass, tilting it slightly so that the carbon dioxide produced during the chemical reaction flows into the empty glass.
4. Carry a glass of gas over the candles, as if pouring them over the flame. At the same time, make a mysterious expression on your face and say some incomprehensible spell, for example: “Chicken-burs, mur-plee! Flame, don't burn anymore!" Children must think it's magic. You will reveal the secret after the enthusiasm.

Result and scientific explanation

When baking soda and vinegar interact, carbon dioxide is released, which, unlike oxygen, does not support combustion:

CH 3 -COOH + Na + - → CH 3 -COO - Na + + H 2 O + CO 2

CO 2 is heavier than air, and therefore does not fly up, but settles down. Thanks to this property, we are able to collect it in an empty glass, and then “pour it” onto candles, thereby extinguishing their flame.

How it happens, look at the video.

Part 2. Entertaining physical experiments

strong jean

This experiment will allow children to look at the usual action for them from the other side. Place an empty wine bottle in front of the children (it is better to remove the label first) and push the cork into it. And then turn the bottle upside down and try to pop the cork out. Of course, you won't succeed. Ask the children if there is any way to get the cork out without breaking the bottle? Let them say what they think about it.

Since the cork cannot be picked up through the neck, it means that one thing remains - to try to push it out from the inside out. How to do it? You can call the genie for help!

The genie in this experiment will be a large plastic bag. To heighten the effect, the package can be painted with colored markers - draw eyes, nose, mouth, pens, some patterns.

So, for the experiment you will need:

• empty wine bottle;
• cork;
• plastic bag.

Statement of experience

1. Twist the bag with a tube and put it into the bottle so that the handles are outside.
2. Turning the bottle over, ensure that the cork is on the side of the package closer to the neck.
3. Inflate the package.
4. Gently begin to pull the bag out of the bottle. A cork will come out with it.

Result and scientific explanation

As the bag inflates, it expands inside the bottle, expelling air from the bottle. When we begin to pull out the bag, a vacuum is created inside the bottle, due to which the walls of the bag wrap around the cork and drag it out with them. This is such a strong gin!

To see how this happens, watch the video.

Wrong glass

On the eve of the experiment, ask the children what happens if you turn a glass of water upside down. They will answer that the water will pour out. Say that this happens only with the "correct" glasses. And you have a “wrong” glass from which water does not pour out.

For the experiment you will need:

• glasses with water;
• paints (you can do without them, but this way the experience looks more spectacular; it is better to use acrylic paints- they give more saturated colors);
• paper.

Statement of experience

1. Pour into glasses of water.
2. Add color to it.
3. Moisten the rims of the glasses with water and place a sheet of paper over them.
4. Press the paper firmly against the glass, holding it with your hand, turn the glasses upside down.
5. Wait for a while until the paper sticks to the glass.
6. Remove your hand quickly.

Result and scientific explanation

Surely all children know that we are surrounded by air. Although we do not see him, he, like everything around him, has weight. We feel the touch of air, for example, when the wind blows on us. There is a lot of air, and therefore it presses on the earth and everything that is around. This is called atmospheric pressure.

When we apply paper to a wet glass, it sticks to its walls due to surface tension.

In an inverted glass, between its bottom (now at the top) and the surface of the water, a space is formed filled with air and water vapor. The force of gravity acts on the water, which pulls it down. This increases the space between the bottom of the glass and the surface of the water. At constant temperature, the pressure in it decreases and becomes less than atmospheric. The total pressure of air and water on the paper from the inside is slightly less than the air pressure from the outside. Therefore, water does not pour out of the glass. However, after a while, the glass will lose its magical properties, and the water will still pour out. This is due to the evaporation of water, which increases the pressure inside the glass. When it becomes more than atmospheric, the paper will fall off and the water will pour out. But you can't bring it up to this point. So it will be more interesting.

You can watch the progress of the experiment on the video.

Gluttonous bottle

Ask the children if they like to eat. Do they like to eat glass bottles? Not? Bottles are not eaten? And here they are wrong. They don’t eat ordinary bottles, but magic bottles are not even averse to having a bite.

For the experiment you will need:

• boiled chicken egg;
• a bottle (to heighten the effect, the bottle can be painted or somehow embellished, but so that the children can see what is happening inside it);
• matches;
• paper.

Statement of experience

1. Peel off the shell of the boiled egg. Who eats eggs in shell?
2. Set fire to a piece of paper.
3. Throw the burning paper into the bottle.
4. Put the egg on the neck of the bottle.

Result and scientific explanation

When we throw burning paper into the bottle, the air in it heats up and expands. By closing the neck with an egg, we prevent the flow of air, as a result of which the fire goes out. The air in the bottle cools and contracts. A pressure difference is created inside the bottle and outside, due to which the egg is sucked into the bottle.

For now, that's all. However, over time, I plan to add a few more experiments to the article. At home, you can, for example, experiment with balloons. Therefore, if you are interested this topic, bookmark the site, or sign up for updates. When I add something new, I will inform you about it by e-mail. It took me a lot of time to prepare this article, so please respect my work and when copying materials, be sure to put an active hyperlink to this page.

If you have ever done home experiments for children and put on a science show, write about your impressions in the comments, attach a photo. It will be interesting!

Who loved chemistry labs at school? It is interesting, after all, it was to mix something with something and get a new substance. True, it didn’t always work out the way it was described in the textbook, but no one suffered about this, did they? The main thing is that something happens, and we saw it right in front of us.

If in real life if you are not a chemist and do not face much more complex experiments every day at work, then these experiments that can be carried out at home will definitely amuse you, at least.

lava lamp

For experience you need:
– Transparent bottle or vase
— Water
- Sunflower oil
- Food coloring
- Several effervescent tablets "Suprastin"

Mix water with food coloring, pour sunflower oil. You don't need to mix, and you won't be able to. When a clear line between water and oil is visible, we throw a couple of Suprastin tablets into the container. Watching lava flows.

Since the density of oil is lower than that of water, it remains on the surface, with an effervescent tablet creating bubbles that carry water to the surface.

Elephant Toothpaste

For experience you need:
- Bottle
- small cup
— Water
- Dish detergent or liquid soap
- Hydrogen peroxide
- Fast acting nutritional yeast
- Food coloring

Mix liquid soap, hydrogen peroxide and food coloring in a bottle. In a separate cup, dilute the yeast with water and pour the resulting mixture into a bottle. We look at the eruption.

Yeast releases oxygen, which reacts with hydrogen and is pushed out. Due to the soap suds, a dense mass erupts from the bottle.

Hot Ice

For experience you need:
- container for heating
- Clear glass cup
- Plate
- 200 g baking soda
- 200 ml of acetic acid or 150 ml of its concentrate
- crystallized salt

We mix acetic acid and soda in a saucepan, wait until the mixture stops sizzling. Turn on the stove and boil excess moisture until an oily film appears on the surface. The resulting solution is poured into a clean container and cooled to room temperature. Then add a crystal of soda and watch how the water “freezes” and the container becomes hot.

Heated and mixed vinegar and soda form sodium acetate, which, when melted, becomes aqueous solution sodium acetate. When salt is added to it, it begins to crystallize and release heat.

rainbow in milk

For experience you need:
- Milk
- Plate
- Liquid food coloring in several colors
- cotton swab
— Detergent

Pour milk into a plate, drip dyes in several places. Wet a cotton swab in detergent, dip it into a bowl of milk. Let's see the rainbow.

In the liquid part there is a suspension of droplets of fat, which, in contact with detergent split and rush from the inserted stick in all directions. A regular circle is formed due to surface tension.

Smoke without fire

For experience you need:
– Hydroperite
— Analgin
- Mortar and pestle (can be replaced with a ceramic cup and spoon)

The experiment is best done in a well-ventilated area.
We grind hydroperite tablets to a powder, we do the same with analgin. We mix the resulting powders, wait a bit, see what happens.

During the reaction, hydrogen sulfide, water and oxygen are formed. This leads to partial hydrolysis with the elimination of methylamine, which interacts with hydrogen sulfide, a suspension of its small crystals which resembles smoke.

pharaoh snake

For experience you need:
- Calcium gluconate
- Dry fuel
- Matches or lighter

We put several tablets of calcium gluconate on dry fuel, set fire to it. Let's look at the snakes.

Calcium gluconate decomposes when heated, which leads to an increase in the volume of the mixture.

non-newtonian fluid

For experience you need:

- mixing bowl
- 200 g corn starch
- 400 ml of water

Gradually add water to the starch and stir. Try to make the mixture homogeneous. Now try to roll the ball out of the resulting mass and hold it.

The so-called non-Newtonian fluid during rapid interaction behaves as solid, and when slow - like a liquid.