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"Dry ladder" is a siphon for drains of shower rooms and other rooms where water is used. Serves to prevent sewer gases from entering the room.
Unlike a conventional siphon with a water lock, a dry drain can perform its functions during long interruptions in the use of water.
That is, even in the toilet, after a couple of months of non-use, the water evaporates, and air from the sewer begins to enter the apartment. Which of course is bad. We have the same with other siphons with a water seal.
What can be done with the toilet and siphons during a long absence - read here.
The dry ladder is designed so that the sewer gases in it are cut off not by a water lock, but by plastic or metal curtains.
There are also dry ladders with a float. In the absence of water, the float sits on the saddle and blocks the air supply. But this option is not very good -
if there is excess pressure in the sewer (and this sometimes happens), then the gas will be able to raise the float and enter the room.
The outlet of water at the ladders is vertical and horizontal. The most commonly used are horizontal. In this case, it is imperative to ensure sufficient deflection sewer pipe starting from the ladder itself.
Let me remind you the requirements of SNiP for pipes f50 mm - pipe slope 3cm / 1m. When laying pipes, we try to avoid straight lines, and even more so sharp corners.
If the ladder is installed in the floor, then it is very important right make a floor slope to the ladder. How to do this is described here.
Stanislav Plitochkin was with you. I will help save SVDN ©!
2 comments
Good day, Lucia Mikhailovna! The best advice I can give you is to take a picture of the ladder with your phone and show it to the salesperson at the construction market. Most likely you will be offered to buy the ladder as a whole, because I have never heard that they were sold in parts.
If three or four sellers tell you so, then you have no other choice - you have to buy. But, there is a chance for a positive outcome of the case, so try it!
Good afternoon, Stanislav! Help me please! I have a steel ladder in my shower room. But the grate and something that should block the gases from the sewer are lost. I can’t decide which component to buy, what is the name of this component? Or do I need to change the whole thing by buying as a set? Could you advise me on whatsapp? My number is 89256260038. Sincerely, Lucia Mikhailovna, pensioner.
The drain HL 310 NPr is used in indoor areas for drainage from floor level. The ladder is equipped with a water seal 50 mm ("dry" siphon Primus), which does not let sewer odors into the room when it dries out. Permissible load on the ladder - a maximum of 300 kg. Throughput - 0.5 l / s. Drainage temperature - no more than 85°C (a short-term runoff of water with a temperature of up to 100°C is possible, but for a drain volume - 100-200 liters). Outlet - vertical DN 50/75/110. Weight of the ladder HL 310 NPr - 0.7 kg.
The drain 310NPr has: an extension made of polypropylene with a 123x123 mm subframe, into which a 115x115 mm stainless steel grate is inserted, "dry siphon". The body is made of polyethylene with a "plate" for picking up waterproofing.
The price of the ladder HL 310 NPr is 2237 rubles.
Features of installation of the ladder HL 310NPr: The height of the extension element of the ladder is adjustable from 12 to 70 mm (it is cut to the height of the screed). You can not cut the body! Because this will lead to a decrease bandwidth. If it is necessary to increase the height of the ladder, HL extensions (340 N and 85 N) are used. If the drain is installed in a gap in the waterproofing, then the rubber sealing ring is not placed on the extension. The absence of a ring makes it possible for water that has fallen on the waterproofing to drain freely into the sewer through special channels in the extension and the body of the drain. If used as waterproofing sheet material type - bituminous sheet, EPDM or PVC membrane, etc., then for a tight connection of the waterproofing with the body of the drain, it is necessary to use a stainless steel flange HL83.0 (for EPDM / PVC membrane) or HL83.H (for bituminous sheet). Flanges are not included in the scope of supply and must be ordered separately.
How the Primus siphon works
Siphon while draining water Drying of the water seal Siphon in the "dry" state
1. Siphon body
2. Float
3. Air in the body of the float
4. Water (water lock)
Components of the drain HL 310 NPr:
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grille HL 037Pr.1E |
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Mounting plug HL 037N.0E |
Floor drain systems are very popular because they allow the use of shower enclosures without purchasing shower trays. Water flows directly to the floor, from there it enters the sewer. Drainage of water into the sewer pipes is provided by drains for showers, mounted directly on the floor.
The principle of operation of the drain
Plumbing fixtures such as sinks, bathtubs or showers are connected to the sewer, there is no other way to remove used water in apartments. A pipe through which draining water is supplied to the socket sewer system, willy-nilly, turns out to be a conductor unpleasant odors from the bowels of the city sewer into the apartment atmosphere.
To prevent the entry of stench into the room, various shutters are used. Classic option The solution to this problem is a siphon, the design of which allows you to create a water plug, called a water seal, which inhibits the passage of gases from the sewer. But if a siphon of any proposed size is suitable for draining water from a sink in the kitchen, then for a shower cabin it is not so simple, since the height of the siphon requires a certain free space.
The functions of the ladder are simple and few:
- Collection of draining water;
- Delivery of the collected waste liquid through the outlet (drain) pipe to the sewer;
- Filtration of wastewater from polluting components in order to prevent emergency blockages;
- Creating a barrier to the passage of malodorous gases from the sewer through the outlet (drain) pipe into the room.
The dimensions of the drains most often range from 70 to 120 cm. Since the outlet pipe must have a slight slope of about 3 degrees with respect to the horizontal floor (see figure), for drain system a headroom of free space is required between the catchment area (i.e. the floor of the shower room) and concrete base under the floor about 8 - 20 cm.
For concrete floors of high-rise buildings, the option of deepening in the floor is categorically unacceptable, since the installation of a ladder in the shower floor in this way means emergency weakening concrete floor above the neighbor's head below. In this case, you have to build a small podium or raise the level of the bathroom floor. Enough to raise the floor level concrete screed 4 cm thick.
When free space is limited, which implies the installation of a siphon, drain drains are installed to ensure the removal of used water directly from the horizontal surface of the room. Depending on the degree of localization of the drain, the drain for the shower cabin is located:
- On the small area floor in the form drainage channel or gutters;
- Spot anywhere in the room.
Types of shower drains
Drainage gutters or channels
They have rectangular section, consist of a protective grille and a housing. The most preferred place for their placement is at the entrance to the cabin or near the wall. The plumbing market offers:
- rectilinear,
- curvilinear,
- angular channels.
Numerous design concepts are embodied in grate designs, such as illuminated shower channels! Consumers clearly do not want the simple rectangular channels to resemble rainwater outlets on the streets.
They work in a similar way to the channel spillway method, that is, sending wastewater through pipes to the sewer. And the forms of point ladders are also diverse, that is:
- square,
- round,
- Triangular.
But if square and round drains are mounted anywhere on the floor, then corner options designed to mask the place of the drain.
In the corner of the bathroom, they are almost invisible, while due to the specific placement of square and round drains, it has become fashionable to install decorative lattices the most expensive options. For example, the brass grille shown here, made “under gold”, will cost the customer 10 thousand rubles.
Shower drain design
In accordance with functional purpose, gangway includes:
- Drain body made of stainless steel or plastic;
- A shutter that serves as a barrier to stench from the sewer;
- A protective grate that allows you to decoratively adapt the shower drain to tiles and other flooring options in the bathroom;
- Pipeline.
It is important! It is necessary to be able to correctly determine the required flow rate of effluents. If a bath requires a device with a passage of DN 100 mm, then for apartment conditions it is sufficient to install a drain DN 50 mm.
Which shutter to choose?
The type of closure used, or rather the way in which odors are prevented from entering the living space, is fundamental to the design of the models. drain drains. As already mentioned, just a small amount of water is enough, which plays the role of a water plug, and the task assigned to the water seal will be solved.
At constant use soul (meaning use at least once every one and a half to two weeks), its level remains unchanged, since it is replenished with each passage of the next batch of drains. 
Immediately about the shortcomings of the "wet water seal"
With occasional irregular use of the shower cabin, and, accordingly, the drain system, sooner or later the liquid will completely evaporate from the shutter. A “gas attack” of an aggressive gaseous environment from the sewer will begin, which is expressed in the appearance of unpleasant specific odors. A shower drain with a water seal is not able to resist such periodic use, therefore it is not used in baths or utility rooms who may not be visited for months.
Since the operation of a “wet water seal” is in some cases ineffective due to the drying of the water plug, logic prompted the need to use, figuratively speaking, a dry water seal that does not depend on the presence of water in the siphon.
What does "dry shutter" mean?
The operation of shower drains with a dry shutter is based on the return of the actuating elements to their original working (shut-off) state after the end of exposure to the flow of drains. Here are some popular options for dry seals:
- Membrane type, the actuating element of which is an elastic membrane that opens when exposed to flow to allow fluid to pass into the sewer. When the flow dries up, the membrane will return to its original state, ensuring the tightness of the device;
- Pendulum type equipped with a pendulum valve with one fixed point. Passing drains deflect the valve from its equilibrium position, and gravity returns it to its original state.
- Float type, which is a symbiosis of dry and hydraulic seal designs. The float valve (in homemade products, ordinary balls play its role) floats in the presence of liquid and does not interfere with the removal of liquid. When the water evaporates, the float will sink into the nest and close the through gate. At the next reset, the structure will be filled with water, the ladder will start working as a water seal.
The use of the dry principle of operation ensures reliable operation of the entire drain system during its irregular operation, which provokes the evaporation of moisture from the hydraulic lock. Reliability and durability of operation will also be enhanced by stainless steel shower drains, which are absolutely indifferent to contact with chemical aggressive water our water systems.
To prevent the ingress of unpleasant odors from the sewer into the premises, special structural elements. The simplest of them is a hydraulic or water seal. Nevertheless, as practice shows, such a system does not always and everywhere work effectively. Because in recent times more and more common is a ladder equipped with a dry siphon. It has the same properties as a water seal, but it is devoid of its shortcomings. Design features dry drain let it filter sewer drains, separate large elements, thereby preventing clogging, accidents. Nonetheless, main function is to prevent fetid odors from entering the living quarters from the sewer system.
- 1 Views
- 2 How to choose
- 3 Mounting
Kinds
If you analyze the plumbing equipment market, you can find several types of dry drains:
- Membrane valves. Experts consider them the simplest in terms of design, but no less reliable. The main element is a spring-loaded membrane, which opens slightly due to the action of the water flow and diverts wastewater. As soon as the flow of water stops, the membrane closes and guarantees tightness.
- Pendulum gates. A similar drain, equipped with a dry siphon, has a valve with one fixation point. When the drain passes by it, the valve deviates from the axis, after which it returns to its original position due to the influence of gravity.
- Float gates. Some even manage to make them with my own hands. In essence, a float ladder is a combination of dry and hydraulic shutter. It is a ladder with a vertical outlet and with a built-in plastic valve. If it's about own production then use balls of the right size.
Float valves work according to the following principle. If there is enough water in the water seal, the ball floats and does not delay the drainage. If there are long breaks in use, the water partially evaporates, and the ball falls into a special nest. Due to this, the shutter is sealed. After draining, the water re-enters the system, the design begins to work again as a water seal.
Dry drains have not yet gained their well-deserved popularity due to their higher cost compared to standard solutions. Their work is based on the working elements used, which, due to their design, always tend to return to their original position after being displaced by the flow of effluents.
How to choose
If you still decide to purchase a drain equipped with a dry siphon, it is important to pay attention to the conditions under which it will be installed.
- To begin with, determine how much sewage will pass. Ordinary apartment it is enough that the conditional passage of the ladder is 50 millimeters, and if it is a public bath or shower room, then 100 millimeters.
- The height of the device. A ladder with a horizontal outlet can be mounted under fairly tight conditions, since its height is about 7-10 centimeters. The vertical type of shutter is more demanding in this regard, since it needs a minimum of 15 centimeters of free space for installation.
- Before purchasing the device, make sure that all its elements are in good working order. Ideally, you can check the functionality of the product.
- Just foreseeing everything technical details you can pay attention to external aspects. The ladder grate is made of plastic, metal, with a variety of shapes, and so on. The choice already depends directly on your wishes and requirements.
Mounting
If you have already encountered the installation of a hydraulic shutter, then a ladder equipped with a dry siphon will not cause problems during installation. All because there are no fundamental differences.
Important condition competent installation is to provide high quality waterproofing for the system. To achieve this, apply modern materials isolation. Under certain conditions and needs, they also carry out sound insulation, do not disregard the issue of insulation.
The installation of the device should be carried out in such a way that the grate of the ladder is on the same level with finishing gender. Due to this, you will not encounter discomfort during operation, you will not hit it while walking around the room.
As practice shows, the dry principle ladder guarantees trouble-free and reliable operation of the sewerage system. It becomes especially relevant when evaporation from the water seal occurs due to rare operation, or other factors that cause water to be drained.
Of course, without the appropriate experience and knowledge, it is not recommended to do the installation yourself. To save strength and your own nerves, it is better to contact specialists with the necessary qualifications. They will quickly carry out the installation, provide a really reliable and efficient work systems. You can fully appreciate the advantages of this type of ladder.
