Loosening coefficient when dismantling concrete. Loosening coefficient when dismantling concrete Volumetric weight of broken plaster

Organizations must recycle household waste. To do this, companies use numerical measurements. Utilities calculations are made in the form of waste volume. Factories use tons as a measurement quantity. To find a compromise, organizations come to one common value called solid waste.

Solid waste calculations

When calculating the density of one solid waste, it is advisable to apply the quantity conversion procedure cubic meters in a ton. Common value throughout earth's surface Solid waste is 200 kg/cu.m. m. Significant deviations in the number are also acceptable - it all depends on the activities of the enterprise. Everyone has their own way of counting. For the employees of the relevant authorities, it does not matter how you thought. Enterprises fill out a special journal. In the final density calculation, a final calculation is made and then the entire density is converted to m3.

Important! One cube of garbage contains approximately 0.15 - 0.65 tons in density. One ton of garbage contains from 6.25 to 1.56 cubic meters.

Correct calculation is extremely important. To avoid mistakes, there are special online translators and calculators that do the calculations independently (you just need to enter the data). If you are not sure about the reliability of the cube value information, recalculate the norm.

Theoretically, the process is calculated by a simple formula

V = m/p,

in which:

• p – density
• v – volume
• m – mass.

Conversion of solid waste m3 to tons

Many people ask the question: how to convert cubic meters into tons of solid waste? To translate and calculate information, scales and a calculator are useful. For correct calculation, the following example should be given: an organization produces 15 meters of cubic tires. Based on the density of the rubber - say, 1000 kg/m3 (this is an example, for accurate information please refer to the official data), you need to translate it in the following way. Known information is multiplied by each other. The procedure is simple. It is impossible to achieve an exact calculation. This is explained by waste sorting, since the waste collection method is not used everywhere. Any territorial entity has the right to create a personal table of the volume of recycled materials.

Transporting and transporting waste in containers requires a responsible approach. Correct calculation of cubic meters and standards for solid quantities will not only avoid miscalculations, but will also contribute to less environmental pollution. It is advisable to refer to official sources or relevant literature. When calculating the coefficient yourself, it is too easy to make mistakes. The company will lose significant profits from this. To conclude, it is worth saying that it is possible to convert the weight of a material into volume if there is a measuring value for density. To do this, you need to find out the component of the body (what material it is made of), find out the density of this substance. Subsequently, it is produced according to the formula:

V=P/(g*p).

What do we want to learn today? How much does 1 cube of construction waste weigh, the weight of 1 m3 of construction waste? No problem, you can find out the number of kilograms or the number of tons at once, the mass (weight of one cubic meter, weight of one cube, weight of one cubic meter, weight of 1 m3) is indicated in Table 1. If anyone is interested, you can skim the small text below and read some explanations. How is the amount of substance, material, liquid or gas we need measured? Except for those cases when it is possible to reduce the calculation of the required quantity to the counting of goods, products, elements in pieces (piece counting), it is easiest for us to determine required quantity based on volume and weight (mass). In everyday life, the most common unit of volume measurement for us is 1 liter. However, the number of liters suitable for household calculations is not always an applicable method for determining the volume for economic activity. In addition, liters in our country have not become a generally accepted “production” and trade unit for measuring volume. One cubic meter, or in its abbreviated version - one cube, turned out to be quite convenient and popular for practical use unit of volume. We are accustomed to measuring almost all substances, liquids, materials and even gases in cubic meters. It's really convenient. After all, their costs, prices, rates, consumption rates, tariffs, supply contracts are almost always tied to cubic meters (cubes), and much less often to liters. No less important for practical activities is knowledge of not only the volume, but also the weight (mass) of the substance occupying this volume: in this case we are talking about how much 1 cubic meter weighs (1 cubic meter, 1 cubic meter, 1 m3). Knowing mass and volume gives us a fairly complete idea of ​​quantity. Site visitors, when asking how much 1 cube weighs, often indicate specific units of mass in which they would like to know the answer to the question. As we noticed, most often they want to know the weight of 1 cube (1 cubic meter, 1 cubic meter, 1 m3) in kilograms (kg) or tons (t). Essentially, you need kg/m3 or t/m3. These are closely related units that define quantity. In principle, a fairly simple independent conversion of weight (mass) from tons to kilograms and vice versa is possible: from kilograms to tons. However, as practice has shown, for most site visitors a more convenient option would be to immediately find out how many kilograms 1 cubic (1 m3) of construction waste weighs or how many tons 1 cubic (1 m3) of construction waste weighs, without converting kilograms into tons or vice versa - quantities tons to kilograms per cubic meter (one cubic meter, one cubic meter, one m3). Therefore, in Table 1 we indicated how much 1 cubic meter (1 cubic meter, 1 cubic meter) weighs in kilograms (kg) and tons (t). Choose the table column that you need yourself. By the way, when we ask how much 1 cubic meter (1 m3) weighs, we mean the number of kilograms or the number of tons. However, from a physical point of view, we are interested in density or specific gravity. The mass of a unit volume or the amount of substance contained in a unit volume is bulk density or specific gravity. In this case, the bulk density and specific gravity of construction waste. Density and specific gravity in physics are usually measured not in kg/m3 or tons/m3, but in grams per cubic centimeter: g/cm3. Therefore, in Table 1, specific gravity and density (synonyms) are indicated in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3)

To avoid paying extra for garbage removal, price which depends on many factors, it is necessary to correctly calculate the volume of waste. Experts from MosMusorovoz competently calculate the volume of waste, cost waste removal and deadlines for completing the work. However, you can make the calculations yourself if you want to estimate in advance what amounts you can meet.

Formulas for calculating the volume and weight of garbage

Let's say you decide to dismantle old building and order removal of construction waste. First of all, you need to calculate the volume of the structure “in the air”, in its real position:

1. We measure the length, width and height of the building. This must be done from the lowest line of the foundation to the highest point of the roof (ridge). Multiply three numbers by each other. This is the volume of the building in geometry.

2. Then we determine the actual volume of waste that will be disposed of. To do this, you need to divide the resulting volume of the building “in the air” by the loosening coefficient. The latter is a generally accepted indicator: 2.0 – 3.0. It takes into account the scatter of the resulting loosening after the destruction of the building. More reliable data is obtained when using an indicator of 2.0 - 2.65. This includes furniture, stoves and other “fillers” of the internal volume of buildings, if any.

In this way, we will find out the real volume of garbage in the so-called solid or dense body, that is, in an undisassembled state.

3. The third stage is calculating the weight of waste requiring disposal. The actual volume of waste removed must be multiplied by the Mob indicator. This is the average indicator of the volumetric mass of construction waste that is generated during dismantling. This indicator is separate for each type of material:

- when dismantling concrete structures: 2400 kg/m3;
- when dismantling reinforced concrete structures: 2500 kg/m3;
- when dismantling buildings made of brick, stone, plaster layers and facing tiles: 1800 kg/m3;
- when dismantling wooden structures and frame-fill structures: 600 kg/m3;
- when carrying out other dismantling work (excluding the disassembly of metal structures and engineering and technological equipment, the indicators of such materials are calculated separately, based on design data): 1200 kg/m3.

The resulting figure is the weight of waste in tons.

Cost calculation garbage removal

Now you know the volume and weight of future waste. To determine the budget, you need to calculate how much equipment will be needed for disposal and what kind of equipment will be needed.

Let's take as a basis the resulting volume of garbage (not weight) and the type of waste. Light waste of sufficiently large volume requires containers. This includes timber, wood, logs. For heavier waste, you will need lockable bins designed to hold larger loads. These types of waste include brick, concrete debris, and soil masses.

Garbage removal container

If the type of your garbage allows you to use a container, determine what volume of the container will be most beneficial for you. Thus, the MosMusorovoz company provides the opportunity to use containers with a volume of 8 cubic meters, 20, 27, 30 and 32. Divide the volume of garbage that you plan to dispose of by the volume of one container. If the resulting figure exceeds 4, choose a larger container - this way you can save money.

Garbage removal dump truck

The same calculations can be made for the volume of bins. Multiply the resulting number of required containers or bins by the cost of one. This will give you an approximate estimate of the amount of money that will be spent on solid waste removal or other waste classifications.

Factors affecting cost garbage removal

Such calculations will be approximate. Why? The actual cost is influenced by the following factors:

Type of waste movement (it can be horizontal or vertical);
- distance of movement of waste from the point of dismantling to the container (sometimes not technical feasibility move closer);

Demolition and dismantling of buildings leads to the formation large quantity waste that needs to be removed in a timely manner. To manage your time and transportation in the most in a profitable way, it is necessary to calculate the volume and weight of the cargo for export. You can turn to specialists for calculations, or you can do them yourself.

Different types of waste also have different densities (mass to volume ratio). So, for example, density polyurethane foam much less than the density of concrete, that is, of two containers of the same volume, one of which is filled with concrete and the other with foam, the container with concrete will be heavier.

Important! The carrying capacity of any vehicle is limited, as is the volume of containers, which means that the higher the accuracy of calculations of the weight and volume of the exported cargo, the higher the likelihood of saving time and money.

Knowing the density of garbage is necessary to calculate its volume or mass. This data is needed to calculate logistics schemes: what is the load capacity? vehicles will be used and how many cars (or flights for one car) will be needed, what volume of containers will be used.

For convenience of calculations, general averaged density values ​​for different types designs:

• concrete - 2.4 t/m3;
• reinforced concrete - 2.5 t/m 3 ;
• fragments of brick and stone, tiles, external tiles, waste from removing plaster - 1.8 t/m3;
• tree, frame structures with backfill - 600 kg/m 3 ;
• other construction waste (except for engineering, technological and metal structures) - 1200 kg/m 3.

Important! Calculation of the mass and density of engineering and technological structures and metal products is calculated in accordance with specified in project documentation information.

The above data refers to buildings “in a dense body,” that is, not disassembled. The actual density of disassembled structures will differ (t/m3):

• mixed waste (dismantling) - 1.6;
• mixed waste (repairs) - 0.16;
• pieces of asbestos - 0.7;
• broken brick - 1.9;
• ceramic products - 1.7;
• sand - 1.65;
• asphalt road surface - 1,1;
• insulation ( mineral wool) - 0,2;
• steel products - 0.8;
• cast iron products - 0.9;
• plaster - 1.8;
• crushed stone - 2;
• fibreboard, particle board - 0,65;
• wood (window and door frames, baseboards, panels) - 0.6;
• linoleum (trimmings) - 1.8;
• roofing material - 0.6.

Weight of a cubic meter of construction waste

To find out the mass of a cubic meter of construction waste, you need to refer to the average density data presented above. Density shows how much mass a given volume has. the required material. For construction waste “in general,” the average density is equal to 1.6 t/m 3 for mixed demolition waste, and 0.16 t/m 3 for renovation waste. That is, one cubic meter of mixed waste from demolition will have a mass of 1.6 tons (1600 kg), and from renovation - 0.16 tons (160 kg). The mass per cubic meter of other types of waste can also be easily calculated using their corresponding density values.

It’s worth turning to these same values ​​if the question arises: “how to convert construction waste from cubic meters to tons?” Knowing the density and volume certain type waste, you can calculate its mass by multiplying the density by the volume.

Specific gravity of construction waste

Specific gravity is the ratio of weight to occupied volume. Specific gravity is measured in N/m³ and is calculated by the formula mass (kg) * 9.8 m/s 2 / volume (m 2). For four cubic meters of waste total mass in one ton the specific gravity will be equal to:

1000 kg * 9.8 m/s 2 /4m 3 = 2450 N/m³

Pay attention! IN everyday life for us there is no difference between weight and mass, we are accustomed to the question “what is your weight?”, but when making calculations it is important to remember that weight and mass are different physical quantities. Mass is measured in kilograms (kg) and weight is measured in Newtons (N)

Other units of measurement are also used to indicate specific gravity:

• SGS system - dyn/cm 3 ;
• SI system - N/m 3;
• MKSS system - kg/m 3.

To convert N/m 3 to other units, you can use the relationship:
1 N/m3 = 0.102 kg/m3 = 0.1 dyne/cm3.

Important! Although the values ​​for density and specific gravity may be the same in some cases, it must be remembered that specific gravity is measured in N/m 3 and density in kg/m 3 .

How to count construction waste from a dismantled building

1. Define construction volume building in a “solid body”, multiplying the length, width and height of the house, taking into account the foundation and roof.
2. Calculate the actual volume of waste for removal by multiplying the construction volume by the loosening coefficient equal to 2.0.
3. Calculate the mass of waste being removed by multiplying the volume of the building in the “dense body” by the density of the waste type.
4. Depending on the resulting mass, determine the number of containers or vehicles (based on their carrying capacity) that will be needed to remove waste for recycling.

To remove the lungs, but voluminous waste containers are usually used; for heavy materials (shards of brick and concrete), heavy-duty dump trucks are required.

How easy it is to load construction waste into containers and clean it up local area using a small excavator, is described in the following video.

Calculating the amount of waste after demolition of buildings is a rather complicated process, so it would be more logical to entrust it to professionals. But if you don't trust waste removal companies, you can always check their calculations using the data in this article.

Carrying out renovation work, people are always puzzled by the question of where to put construction waste. Often you can’t carry it in bags. You have to order movers and a car. To save on transport, you need to calculate how many cubic meters of waste need to be removed. A table with indicators for each type of material will help you correctly determine the weight of construction waste in 1 m3. With its help you can calculate weight by volume and vice versa.

Density of construction waste

Garbage is different from garbage. If you take the same volume of concrete and wood, their weight will be completely different. Therefore, when planning a large cleaning, you need to know the specific gravity of construction waste in 1m3. Naturally, concrete will be much heavier than wood.

The density of the materials is very important indicator. It is he who displays the specific gravity of construction waste in 1 m3. By calculating the mass of waste through its density, you can easily determine the cubic capacity of the cars that need to be ordered. And, of course, the cost of the service provided depends on this.

We present average indicators that measure the weight and volume of materials. Data are presented in tons per 1 m3:

All of the above data relates to materials that consist of large debris or old structures. If we talk about disassembled and small parts, then the weight/cube is different:

Weight to volume ratio

You can determine the volumetric weight of construction waste for estimates, as well as for calculations at the household level, using the table presented below.

Calculation methods

Before you start dismantling a building, thoughts arise about where to put the garbage. There is only one solution - order pickup. Everyone wants to know in advance how much it will cost financially. To do this, first calculate how much waste can be generated from a building that has not yet been dismantled. Main stages:

Required amount of equipment

Having determined the weight of the garbage, we move on to the next stage - ordering equipment. If you correctly determine which car to order, you can seriously save money by avoiding unnecessary expenses. It is the volume of waste (not weight) and the type of recycled materials that need to be taken into account: containers are quite suitable for light waste. It includes bars, wood of any kind, logs.

Heavy waste requires closed bins. Concrete debris, broken bricks, and soil will go here after sorting.

When using a container, it is initially determined what capacity it should have in order for recycling to be as profitable as possible. They produce containers with a capacity of 20 m3, 27 m3, 30 m3, 32 m3. All that remains is to measure the volume of waste generated and choose a more suitable option.

Similar actions are carried out for the removal of heavy waste. When ordering dump trucks, you need to specify the volume that can be placed on the machine at one time, then you can easily calculate how many trips need to be made.

It would seem that such a frivolous issue as garbage requires a rather responsible approach. The main factor in solving problems with waste disposal is the ability to correctly determine its volume and weight.

A table of correspondence between these two values ​​will come to the rescue. You can also use an online calculator, with which you can complete the task much faster.