Methodological recommendations for environmental protection. Environmental protection in construction. reclamation of disturbed lands

Industry road methodological document ODM 218.3.031-2013
"METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DURING CONSTRUCTION, REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE OF ROADS"
(recommended by order of the Federal Road Agency of April 24, 2013 N 600-r)

Introduced for the first time

1 area of use

1.1 This industry road guidance document contains recommendations for the protection of environment in the construction, reconstruction, repair and maintenance of roads and is aimed at improving the environmental safety of roads and bridge structures, reducing their negative environmental impact.

1.2 The provisions of this methodological document are intended for use by construction and operating organizations performing work on the construction, reconstruction, repair and maintenance of roads in the road sector.

2. Regulatory references

This guidance document uses references to the following documents:

GOST 17.1.2.04-77 State standard. Protection of Nature. Hydrosphere. Status indicators and taxation rules for fishery water bodies.

GOST 17.1.5.02-80 Nature protection. Hydrosphere. Hygiene requirements to recreation areas of water bodies.

GOST 17.5.1.01-83 Nature protection. Land reclamation. Terms and Definitions.

GOST 17.5.1.03-86 Nature protection. Earth. Classification of overburden and enclosing rocks for biological land reclamation.

GOST 2761-84 Sources of centralized domestic drinking water supply. hygienic, technical requirements and selection rules.

GOST 20444-85 State standard of the USSR. Noise. Transport streams. Methods for measuring the noise characteristic.

GOST 30772-2001 Interstate standard. Resource saving. Waste management. Terms and Definitions.

GOST 31330.1-2006 (ISO 11819-1:1997) Interstate standard. Noise. Evaluation of the influence of the road surface on traffic noise. Part 1. Statistical method.

3. Terms and definitions

In this ODM, the following terms are used with their respective definitions.

3.1 drainage: Any discharge of water, including Wastewater and (or) drainage waters, into water bodies.

3.2 sod: The surface layer of soil intertwined with living and dead roots, shoots and rhizomes of perennial grasses.

3.3 pollutant: Substance or mixture of substances, the amount and (or) concentration of which exceeds those established for chemical substances, including radioactive, other substances and microorganisms standards and have a negative impact on the environment.

3.4 grounding: A lawn care measure that consists in spreading a layer of humus earth over the surface of the site.

3.5 tinning: A system of measures to maintain and increase productivity (by strengthening the sod, thickening) used on slopes, beams, river terraces, hills, etc.

3.6 limits on emissions and discharges of pollutants and microorganisms: Limitations on emissions and discharges of pollutants and microorganisms into the environment, established for the period of environmental protection measures, including the introduction of the best available technologies, in order to achieve environmental standards.

3.7 waste disposal limit: The maximum allowable amount of waste of a particular type, which is allowed to be placed in a certain way for a specified period in waste disposal facilities, taking into account the environmental situation in the given territory.

3.8 maximum sound level: The sound level of intermittent noise corresponding to the maximum reading of a measuring, direct-reading device (sound level meter) during visual reading, or the sound level exceeded during 1% of the duration of the measuring interval when noise is recorded by an automatic evaluating device (statistical analyzer).

3.9 standards for permissible emissions and discharges of chemicals: Standards that are established for subjects of economic and other activities in accordance with the indicators of the mass of chemicals, including radioactive, other substances and microorganisms, acceptable for entry into the environment from stationary, mobile and other sources in the established mode and taking into account technological standards, and under which environmental quality standards are ensured.

3.10 waste generation standard: The specified amount of waste of a particular type in the production of a unit of production.

3.11 environment: The set of components of the natural environment, natural and natural-anthropogenic objects, as well as anthropogenic objects.

3.12 environmental protection: Activities of public authorities Russian Federation, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local governments, public and other non-profit associations, legal entities and individuals, aimed at preserving and restoring the natural environment, rational use and reproduction of natural resources, preventing the negative impact of economic and other activities on the environment and eliminating its consequences.

3.13 waste: Residues of products or additional product generated during the process or at the end certain activities and not used in direct connection with this activity.

3.14 Production and consumption waste in the road sector: Remains of products or an additional product formed during or upon completion of a certain technological process in a road organization and not used during construction, reconstruction, overhaul. repair and maintenance of roads and road infrastructure.

Examples. 1 Milled asphalt concrete or asphalt concrete residues obtained as a result of cutting pavement edges are not waste if they are used by road organizations; but are waste when transported for disposal to another organization.

2 Snow collected during the cleaning of roads is not a waste from the road sector, because it is not formed as a result of a technological process carried out by road organizations, but when it is removed, the requirements established by the methodological recommendations and section 13 of these methodological recommendations must be observed.

3.15 waste passport: A document certifying that the waste belongs to the waste of the corresponding type and hazard class, containing information about their composition.

3.16 maximum allowable emission: The standard for the maximum permissible emission of a harmful (polluting) substance into the atmospheric air, which is established for a stationary source of atmospheric air pollution, taking into account the technical standards for emissions and background air pollution, provided that this source does not exceed hygienic and environmental standards for atmospheric air quality, maximum permissible (critical) loads on ecological systems, other environmental standards.

3.17 maximum allowable concentration (MPC): The concentration of a pollutant in the atmospheric air - which does not have a direct or indirect adverse effect on present or future generations throughout life, does not reduce a person's working capacity, does not worsen his well-being and sanitary living conditions.

3.18 maximum allowable concentration (MPC) of a chemical in soil: A comprehensive indicator of the content of chemicals in the soil that is harmless to humans.

3.19 wastewater: Waters discharged into water bodies after their use or runoff from a polluted area.

3.20 equivalent (energy) sound level: Sound level of constant noise that has the same RMS value sound pressure, which is the intermittent noise under study for a certain time interval in dBA.

4. General requirements for environmental protection when performing construction and repair work on roads and bridge structures

4.1. land use

Land use is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Land Code of the Russian Federation dated October 25, 2001 N 136-FZ and is aimed at ensuring the safety of ecological systems.

Construction and operating organizations, which are in charge of land plots occupied by a road under construction or in operation, take measures to:

soil conservation;

Protection of lands from water and wind erosion, mudflows, flooding, waterlogging, secondary salinization, desiccation, compaction, chemical pollution, littering with industrial and consumer waste, resulting in land degradation;

Protecting the right of way of roads from overgrowing with trees and shrubs, weeds, eliminating the consequences of pollution and littering of land;

Reclamation of disturbed lands.

4.2. Atmospheric air protection

Atmospheric air protection is carried out in accordance with the Federal Law of May 4, 1999 N 96-FZ.

Actions aimed at changing the state of atmospheric air and atmospheric phenomena can be carried out only if there are no harmful consequences for human life and health and for the environment on the basis of permits issued by federal agency executive power in the field of environmental protection.

When placing, building, reconstructing and operating road infrastructure facilities (concrete concrete plants, quarries, other production sites), atmospheric air quality standards should not be exceeded in accordance with environmental, sanitary and hygienic, as well as building codes and regulations.

When placing road infrastructure facilities that have a harmful effect on atmospheric air quality within urban and other settlements, the background level of atmospheric air pollution and the forecast of changes in its quality during the implementation of this activity are taken into account.

In order to protect the atmospheric air in places of residence of the population, sanitary protection zones are established for enterprises, and sanitary breaks for highways. The sizes of such sanitary protection zones and sanitary gaps are determined on the basis of calculations of the dispersion of emissions of harmful (polluting) substances in the atmospheric air and in accordance with the sanitary classification of enterprises, in accordance with the requirements of SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1200-03.

Projects for the construction of sections of roads that may have a harmful effect on the quality of atmospheric air provide for measures to reduce emissions of harmful (polluting) substances into the atmospheric air.

The placement of road infrastructure facilities that have a harmful effect on atmospheric air quality is coordinated in accordance with the established procedure with the federal executive body in the field of environmental protection or with its territorial bodies.

During the operation of road infrastructure facilities, in case of exceeding the established standards, the gases emitted into the atmosphere are cleaned. The choice of gas cleaning equipment and the degree of gas purification is carried out in accordance with the calculations made in the volume of maximum permissible emissions.

Transport and construction equipment operating in the road organization are subject to verification for compliance with emissions of pollutants in exhaust gases, established standards during the annual technical inspection.

If possible, to improve the environmental situation at transport infrastructure facilities, it should be switched to the use of gas fuel and other more environmentally friendly types of energy.

4.3. Water resources protection

Protection of water resources is carried out in accordance with the Water Code of the Russian Federation dated June 03, 2006 N 74-FZ. The protection of water resources is the most important component of the protection of the environment, the habitat of flora and fauna, including aquatic biological resources.

The use of water bodies should not have a negative impact on the environment.

It is not allowed to discharge sewage and (or) drainage water into water bodies:

Assigned to specially protected water bodies.

It is not allowed to discharge sewage and (or) drainage water into water bodies located within the boundaries:

Zon sanitary protection sources of drinking household water supply;

The first, second zones of the districts of sanitary (mountain-sanitary) protection of medical and health-improving areas and resorts;

Fish protection zones, fishery protected areas, areas of mass spawning, fish feeding and the location of wintering pits.

In order to prevent pollution, clogging, silting of water bodies and depletion of their waters, as well as to preserve the habitat of aquatic biological resources and other objects of the animal and plant world, in accordance with the Water Code of the Russian Federation of June 03, 2006 N 74-FZ for all rivers and reservoirs, water protection zones have been established (see Appendix B), territories that are adjacent to the coastline of seas, rivers, streams, canals, lakes, reservoirs and where a special regime for economic and other activities has been established.

Discharge, within the water protection zones, is allowed only after the treatment of polluted effluents to the established standards, it is recommended to use treated water in recycling and re-water supply systems.

Effluent with a concentration of substances below the MPC or within the limits of the established VAT is discharged into water bodies without treatment, with the exception of the above water bodies, where the discharge of sewage and (or) drainage water is not allowed.

To reduce the removal of pollutants with surface runoff, the following measures should be taken:

Eliminating the discharge into the rain sewer of production waste;

Organization of regular cleaning of the ROW territories;

Holding timely repair road surfaces;

Fencing of landscaping areas with curbs, excluding soil washout on pavement;

Increasing the degree of dust and gas cleaning at the treatment facilities of the road infrastructure;

Raising the technical level of vehicle operation;

Construction site fencing with diversion control surface runoff according to a temporary system of open trays, clarification by 50-70% in settling tanks and subsequent discharge onto the terrain or further cleaning;

Localization of areas where spills and spills of pollutants are inevitable, followed by diversion and treatment of surface runoff; streamlining the storage and transportation of bulk and liquid materials.

The choice of a scheme for the diversion and treatment of surface runoff is determined by the level of its pollution and the required degree of purification.

Reservoirs and watercourses (water bodies) are considered polluted if the indicators of the composition and properties of water in them have changed under the direct and indirect influence of the production of works or the operation of the road and road structures and have become partially or completely unsuitable for one of the types of water use. The suitability of the composition and properties of surface water is determined by their compliance with the requirements and standards established by GOST 2761-84, GOST 17.1.5.02-80 and the Water Code of the Russian Federation.

When oil products enter water bodies in a volume that can lead to an excess of the maximum permissible concentration, measures are immediately taken to prevent their spread and subsequent removal.

When performing hydromechanized works, flooding and flooding are not allowed settlements, industrial enterprises, roads, as well as agricultural or forestry lands.

In order to prevent changes in aquatic ecosystems, including changes in the biological activity of algae, microorganisms and other aquatic organisms, changes in the hydrological regime of water bodies are not allowed: the construction of dams, dams, dams, diversions, approaches to bridges, etc. without verification by calculation of the erosion of the bottom of rivers and banks.

4.4. Protection of forests, plants, animals

In accordance with the Federal Law of April 24, 1995 N 52-FZ, any activity that entails a change in the habitat of wildlife and the deterioration of the conditions for their reproduction, feeding, rest and migration routes is carried out in compliance with the requirements that ensure the protection of wildlife.

During the construction of roads, measures are developed and implemented to ensure the preservation of migration routes for wildlife and places of their constant concentration, including during the breeding and wintering periods. If necessary, fences are constructed to prevent wild animals from entering the road or crossings for animals across the road are built.

Regardless of the types of specially protected natural areas, in order to protect the habitats of rare, endangered and economically and scientifically valuable objects of the animal world, protective areas territories and water areas that are of local importance, but necessary for the implementation of their life cycles (reproduction, rearing of young animals, feeding, rest and migration, and others).

In specially protected natural areas, it is allowed to build roads only after carrying out environmental impact calculations and if they do not violate life cycles objects of the animal world.

4.5. Noise protection

In accordance with the Federal Law of January 10, 2002 N 7-FZ, construction organizations are required to take the necessary measures to prevent and eliminate the negative impact of noise, vibration, infrasound, electrical, electromagnetic fields and other negative physical impact on the environment in urban and rural settlements, recreation areas, habitats and breeding areas for wild animals and birds, natural ecological systems and natural landscapes.

Road noise protection should be provided by:

The use of acoustic screens;

Compliance with sanitary gaps (according to the noise factor) of roads;

The use of noise protection strips of green spaces;

The use of coating materials that reduce traffic noise;

Prohibition of transit transport or restriction of freight transport in places permanent residence people where noise pollution exceeds the established norms.

4.6. Waste management

When working with waste, construction and operating organizations must comply with environmental, sanitary and other requirements established by the Federal Law of June 24, 1998 N 89-FZ. In accordance with these requirements, construction and operating organizations must:

Have technical and technological documentation allowing the use and neutralization of generated waste if they are used and neutralized at their own production facilities.

Develop draft standards for waste generation and limits for waste disposal in order to reduce the amount of their generation and maximize their use in the construction process;

Implement low-waste technologies based on the latest scientific and technological achievements;

Conduct an inventory of waste and their disposal facilities;

Monitor the state of the environment in the territories of waste disposal facilities;

Provide in the prescribed manner the necessary information in the field of waste management;

Comply with the requirements to prevent accidents related to waste handling and take urgent measures to eliminate them;

In accordance with the established procedure, obtain licenses when working with waste of 1-4 hazard classes;

In accordance with the established procedure, coordinate passports for waste of hazard classes 1-4, which are used in the construction, repair and maintenance of roads.

4.7. Environmental preparation

Officials responsible for the preparation and implementation environmental activities must undergo environmental training and carry out environmental briefings with persons directly involved in the construction, reconstruction, repair and maintenance of highways.

5. Environmental protection during the construction and reconstruction of roads

5.1 Environmental protection measures during the construction of roads are carried out in accordance with the developed and approved working design.

5.2 When performing construction work, the requirements and measures of the "Environmental Protection" section developed as part of the project for the construction (reconstruction) of a highway or other facility are taken into account.

5.3 Measures for the protection of the environment and rational use natural resources are provided for in the construction organization project (POS), in the work production project (PPR), as well as in technological regulations(technological maps, etc.).

5.4 The structure of the construction organization project includes the development of a system of industrial environmental control over compliance with environmental standards and design technical solutions on environmental protection and rational use of natural resources.

5.5 The Contractor is responsible for the safety of all environmental facilities located in the zone of direct or indirect influence of the work being carried out, and is obliged to take the necessary measures to protect them from damage or other damage, including in cases where this is not provided for by the project for any reason. .

5.6 In case of damage, damage or loss of property or natural resources due to omissions, neglect or violation of relevant rules and regulations, the Contractor shall restore them at his own expense to a state similar or equivalent to that which existed before the damage was caused, or pay to the owner (with the consent of the owner ) appropriate compensation.

5.7 Officials and citizens guilty of actions that violate environmental legislation and cause harm to the environment and human health, bear disciplinary, administrative or civil and criminal liability, and legal entities - administrative and civil law.

5.8 Construction organizations that have valid permits for emissions and discharges of pollutants into the environment, waste generation standards and limits on their disposal, other environmental documentation established by law and having persons in their staff responsible for issues ecology.

5.9 Construction organizations performing work at the facilities must have the following environmental permits issued in accordance with the established procedure:

Volume of maximum allowable emissions (MAE) and Permit for the emission of pollutants into the atmospheric air;

Volume of Permissible Discharge Standards (VAT) and Permit for Discharge of Pollutants into the Environment;

Draft limits for waste disposal and a document on the approval of standards for the generation of waste and limits for their disposal;

In necessary cases, established by SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1200-03, the approved Project for the organization of a sanitary protection zone (SPZ).

5.10 Appointment of composition and deadlines preparatory work carried out taking into account the least damage to the environment (winter cutting and removal of forests, reducing the possibility of erosion during floods, ensuring unhindered migration of animals and fish, etc.) in favorable periods of the year.

5.11 When choosing the organization and technology for the construction of a highway, in addition to technical and economic indicators, one should take into account environmental risks and risks to public health caused to the environment and humans, both during construction and during operation, as well as the combination of the road with the landscape by giving preference to solutions that have a minimal impact on the environment.

5.12 When carrying out work on the construction of roads and artificial structures, it is necessary:

Ensure the preservation or improvement of the existing landscape, protection of soil, vegetation and wildlife;

Ensure the reclamation of lands temporarily used for placement of equipment, materials used in construction, access roads, quarry areas and other areas of activity;

To ensure an increase in the stability of the subgrade in landslide areas, the creation of favorable conditions for the further use of land temporarily withdrawn for construction;

Protect surface and ground water from pollution with road dust, fuels and lubricants, dedusting, anti-icing and other chemicals used during construction;

Develop measures to prevent and reduce air pollution with dust emissions and exhaust gases, as well as protection from noise, vibration, electromagnetic pollution of the population living in close proximity to the road section under construction;

Ensure control over the radiation level of the building materials used;

Ensure during construction the cleaning of household waste and other pollution, including construction waste at temporary sites located in the ROW;

Restore the natural flow of flowing water bodies and equip stagnant water bodies.

5.13 If there are specially protected natural areas, historical or cultural monuments in the construction zone, measures must be taken to preserve, and, if possible, improve their condition.

5.14 The clearing of the road lane and areas for road structures is carried out strictly within the allotted boundaries. timber storage, logging residues, materials left after the dismantling of structures along the edges of the right of way is allowed only for the period of clearing, until removal to specially designated areas by the project.

5.15 The clearing of the road strip from forests and shrubs should be carried out in separate sections, in the order of priority of erecting an earthen bed on them or performing other work. In wooded areas, clearing is usually carried out in the winter season. The advance in clearing the road strip from forests and shrubs should not exceed the possibilities of in-line construction and the amount of work in the coming season.

5.16 In case of deforestation, skid trails and logging warehouses should be located within the strip allocated for the road, and if this is not possible, in the places determined by the project, with the appropriate registration of a temporary allotment.

5.17 Timber and waste removal is carried out along temporary roads laid within the right of way or along the routes established by the project using a network of local roads or winter roads, as well as along specially laid temporary roads provided for by the project.

5.18 Commercial timber and clearing waste, including uprooted stumps, should be completely removed to designated locations prior to commencement of earthworks. It is not allowed to leave cleaning waste at the border of the ROW.

5.19 If it is impossible to use logging residues and non-commercial timber, in agreement with environmental authorities, it is allowed to eliminate them by burial or burning in specially designated areas.

5.20 In swamps, logging residues can be used as brushwood lining at the base of the embankment.

5.21 Continuous felling of forests and removal of shrubs by bulldozers or brush cutters and moving them along with roots and soil to the border of the road lane is not allowed.

5.22 From the lands occupied by the road and its structures, as well as temporarily occupied for the period of construction of the road, the fertile soil layer is removed and used for subsequent reclamation in the places provided for by the project.

5.23 Removal is subject to fertile soil over the entire area bounded by the outer contours of the subgrade and other road structures. The thickness of the layer to be removed is set by the project.

5.24 When removing the soil layer, measures are taken to protect it from pollution: mixing with mineral soil, clogging, water and wind erosion.

5.25 If there is a shortage of soil for the purposes of reclamation, potentially fertile soil of the upper layers of overburden is collected and stored.

Stacks of fertile soil are placed in dry places outside the zone of flattening of embankment slopes (excavation) separately in a form convenient for subsequent loading and transportation. The height of the stacks is not more than 10.0 m, and the angle of the unreinforced slope is not more than 30°. The surfaces of stacks of fertile soil and potentially fertile rocks are strengthened by sowing perennial grasses.

To protect piles of soil from erosion, drainage ditches are arranged.

5.26 Soil removal is not carried out in swamps (not developed for agricultural production), in sandy deserts, on saline lands, as well as in case of inefficiency of its secondary use, established by the authorities land management.

5.27 On lands occupied by temporary structures or bypass sections of roads, after the completion of all work, reclamation and complete restoration of the fertile layer are carried out.

5.28 The fertile soil layer, which has physical and chemical properties that meet the requirements of GOST 17.5.1.03-86.

5.29 When arranging excavations, the effect of drainage and the corresponding changes in the groundwater regime are taken into account on the adjacent strip with a width equal to three excavation depths for sandy soils and two depths for clay soils.

5.30 If the construction of the subgrade (regardless of the height of the embankment) creates a risk of surface water flooding and swamping of land adjacent to the road, it is recommended to provide drainage and culvert structures that guarantee the pre-construction (or improved) conditions for crops or forest plantations.

5.31 During the construction of embankments through swamps with transverse (in relation to the road) movement of water in a water-saturated horizon, measures are taken to exclude an increase in the water level and swamp area in the upper part of the swamp by filling the embankment or its lower part from draining materials; devices along the subgrade of longitudinal ditches, and in low places, if necessary, artificial structures.

If the soil cannot be used for filling embankments, then it can be used for backfilling the tops of ravines (with their simultaneous fixation), erosion gullies, quarries and landfills, followed by compaction and surface leveling.

5.32 On reclaimed lands, the laying of the road route, the elevation of the subgrade, the placement of drainage and culvert structures are linked to reclamation work.

5.33 When passing the route through populated areas, measures should be taken to prevent dust formation.

5.34 When passing the road near settlements, recreation areas, hospital complexes, it is necessary to arrange noise and dust screens, barriers and other structures.

5.35 Noise protection structures on highways are used when the permissible sound level in the territory exceeds the standard values established by SNiP 23-03-2003.

5.36 In order to preserve the wildlife in places with established animal migration routes, it is necessary to provide for measures to prevent their appearance on highways and arrange special crossings for their passage.

5.37 For highways under construction, suitable wastes from mining, processing industries, thermal power plants (granulated slag, ash and ash and slag mixtures from TPPs, etc.) located in the construction zone are used to the maximum. When using production waste, their possible aggressiveness and toxicity to the environment are taken into account.

When working with waste, the requirements of the Federal Law of June 24, 1998 N 89-FZ and other documents regulating the work with waste are taken into account.

5.38 For ecologically complex areas (perennial frozen water-saturated soils, swamps, floodplain zones, landslide slopes, etc.), measures are envisaged to ensure minimal disruption of the ecological balance.

5.39 On roads passing through forests, as well as near the boundaries of water protection and sanitary zones, protected areas and resort areas, measures are taken to prevent spontaneous exits of vehicles outside the carriageway (including parking lots).

5.40 If there are manifestations of active geodynamic processes in the road construction area (erosion, erosion, landslides, avalanches, karst sinkholes, etc.), they consider the possibility of their elimination as part of the complex of work performed.

5.41 On road sections where snow contaminated with anti-icing materials is expected to be removed in winter, it is advisable to provide for the construction of sites for storing this snow during the period winter maintenance highways (section 13).

5.42 In places where spring water comes out, after analyzing its drinking qualities, it is envisaged architectural design constructions and finishing of the outlet of spring water as a drinking source.

5.43 During the construction of production bases, buildings and structures of the road and motor transport services, measures are developed to ensure compliance with:

Maximum allowable emissions of pollutants into the air;

Permissible discharges of pollutants into the environment;

Waste generation standards and limits on their disposal.

6. Construction of subgrade and pavement

6.1 When leveling the surface of the subgrade before removing and distributing material for an additional base layer, in dry weather, dedusting is carried out by pouring (distributing) dedusting agents or water using watering machines, tanks equipped with distributors or special distributors of bulk materials.

6.2 When installing waterproofing layers from film materials, waterproofing layers from rolled materials, draining and capillary-interrupting layers from non-woven synthetic materials, it is necessary to prevent clogging of the right of way of the road with the remains of these materials.

6.3 When installing frost-protective and drainage layers of coarse-grained material (gravel, crushed stone, sand), wind removal of dust and small particles outside the subgrade during loading, unloading and distribution is prevented. For this purpose, in necessary cases, moistening of the material is used either at the place of loading or during unloading.

6.4 Delivery of mixtures prepared in mixing plants to the work site is carried out by specialized vehicles or adapted dump trucks with tightly closed sides and covered awnings to prevent weathering and spillage of the transported material.

6.5 When constructing bases and coatings from materials reinforced with organic binders, preference is given to bitumen emulsions and viscous bitumens that cause the least pollution of the natural environment.

It is not recommended to use by-product by-products as a binder or additive in the construction of pavement structural layers, as well as their other use in road construction.

6.6 At all stages of the production of organic binders, isolation of production lines, containers for collecting and transporting finished products is ensured. Supply and exhaust ventilation is installed in the shops associated with the production and storage of finished products. Storage of the finished product should be carried out in specially designated areas in closed containers.

6.7 When installing surface treatment of asphalt concrete and other black coatings, less toxic bitumen emulsions are preferred as a binder - cationic BK, SK and anionic BA-1 and SA.

6.8 In the preparation of asphalt concrete mixtures intended for the installation of the upper layers of the pavement, it is recommended to use less toxic anionic substances as additives of surfactants.

6.9 The use of cationic substances as surfactant additives is possible in the preparation of asphalt concrete mixtures intended for the construction of bases and lower layers of pavement coatings.

6.10 Asphalt mixes are unloaded into the receiving bins of asphalt pavers or special service tanks or onto a prepared base. Unloading of asphalt concrete mixtures on the ground is not allowed.

6.11 Cleaning and washing of the bodies of concrete trucks and dump trucks used for the delivery of cement concrete mixtures is carried out in specially designated places. Water after washing is discharged into special sedimentation tanks, from where it can be reused.

Discharge of these waters into surface water bodies without treatment is not allowed.

6.12 When using film-forming materials to maintain a substrate or coating of cement-reinforced materials, preference is given to less toxic film-forming materials on water based, for example, clarified bituminous emulsion or using a layer of sand 4-6 cm thick with watering.

6.13 The working bodies of the distributors of film-forming substances are regulated in such a way that the consumption of film-forming materials is carried out in accordance with established standards.

6.14 The distribution of film-forming substances is not recommended when the movement of air masses is directed from the road towards water bodies, fields occupied by crops, garden plots, settlements, etc.

6.15 When preparing and transporting materials used for pouring expansion joints, it is necessary to take measures to exclude the possibility of environmental pollution.

It is not allowed to leave vehicles and construction equipment with contaminated wheels outside the construction site.

7. Quarry work

7.1 Land unsuitable for agricultural use or agricultural land is selected for the placement of quarries and reserves the worst quality, and from the lands of the forest fund - areas not covered with forest or occupied by shrubs and low-value plantations.

7.2 When developing quarries and reserves, measures are provided to prevent the harmful effects of overburden and mining operations on the subsoil, coastal zones of fishery reservoirs, and the safety of mineral reserves.

7.3 Any activity that violates the safety of geological formations, paleontological objects and other subsoil areas of special scientific or cultural value and declared nature reserves or monuments of nature or culture, as well as in areas of special value as animal habitats, is not allowed.

7.4 Reducing the area of land occupied by open pits and reserves is achieved by increasing the number and height of ledges in the development of overburden.

7.5 The depth of quarries and reserves is established taking into account the forecast of changes in the hydrogeological conditions of adjacent territories and the direction of reclamation of disturbed lands.

7.6 The parameters of dumps (height, angle of slope) with the direct location of dump equipment on them are taken depending on the physical and mechanical properties of the dumped rocks, terrain conditions and bearing capacity base soils, the type of equipment adopted for the mechanization of dump operations and the type of strengthening of the dump surface.

7.7 In the presence of unsuitable toxic rocks (humic acids of swamp deposits, pyrite, ferrous oxide, sulfates, etc.), they are placed at the base of overburden dumps or in the worked-out space of a quarry and screened with a sufficient layer of inert rocks.

7.8 The method of dumping is selected from the condition of the least dust emission.

7.9 Extraction of road building materials is carried out according to the schemes corresponding to the least pollution of the natural environment. In dry and warm weather, to reduce dust emission, hydro-irrigation of development sites is carried out.

7.10 When crushing, sorting, cleaning stone materials places of the greatest dust emission (places of loading, unloading, delivery of material to the conveyor, screens, crushers, conveyors) are isolated with shelters.

7.11 Warehousing of finished products is carried out outside the water protection zones of reservoirs on a natural or artificial hard surface, excluding mixing of materials. Open warehouses of mineral materials are equipped with anti-dust barriers.

7.12 When cleaning crushed stone, gravel, sand in the warm season by dry method, dust suppression measures are taken.

7.13 The conditions for bringing land plots into a condition suitable for further use, as well as the storage conditions and the procedure for using the removed fertile soil layer are determined by the bodies providing land plots.

7.14 Deep quarry excavations, near-bottom excavations (river, lake, shelf), quarry excavations developed by hydromechanized method should be recultivated in the direction of fishery, water management, recreational and construction use.

8. Environmental protection during the construction and reconstruction of artificial structures

8.1 The construction site for the construction of the bridge is selected, as a rule, outside the water protection zone. Its location is agreed upon in the prescribed manner and formalized by a special act.

8.2 During the operation of construction sites, it is impossible to discharge untreated and neutralized wastewater into water bodies in accordance with established standards.

8.3 During winter work, it is not allowed to leave construction debris, logs, stones, etc. on the ice and flooded shores.

8.4 The degree of necessary treatment, neutralization and disinfection of wastewater, both during the construction period and for the subsequent operation of an artificial structure, is determined by the calculation and requirements normative documents for the corresponding type of reservoirs.

If it is impossible to achieve the required degree of purification with the simplest treatment facilities, they are designed treatment facilities modular type or, in exceptional cases, with appropriate business case treatment facilities of individual design are being designed.

8.6 Sediments and floating materials formed as a result of cleaning at the bottom of the settling tanks of treatment facilities are removed for disposal in organizations that have licenses to work with this type of waste.

8.7 Discharge of treated wastewater into a reservoir can only be carried out if there is a permit for discharge, which is agreed in the prescribed manner with environmental authorities.

8.8 Containers for garbage collection are provided at the construction site.

Littering the site construction waste- not allowed.

8.9 The number of temporary access roads to the construction site is minimized. In case of weak floodplain soils, access roads are built on brushwood decks or slates. Access roads of this type are also built to preserve the thin soil cover in the forest-tundra zone.

8.10 After the cessation of operation of temporary access roads in the floodplain zones, brushwood beds and sledges are completely dismantled and removed from the floodplains.

8.11 The location and design of a temporary river crossing (ford, ferry crossing, low-water wooden bridge or pontoon bridge) is agreed with the environmental authorities in the prescribed manner.

8.12 The dumping of temporary islands in the places of erection of channel supports is carried out with clean sand, subject to the established permissible content of suspended particles in water.

8.13 When used for injection of prestressed reinforcement channels and block gluing polymer compositions based epoxy resins, measures are taken to prevent the ingress of polymeric materials and solvents into the waters of the river.

8.14 The construction of bridges near water bodies of the first category in accordance with GOST 17.1.2.04-77 (used for the conservation and reproduction of valuable fish species that are highly sensitive to the oxygen content in water) is carried out in compliance with the following measures:

During the period of mass spawning, hatching of larvae and migration of juvenile fish, work within the water area, as well as movement through the water, are stopped and measures are taken to reduce noise construction machines and mechanisms operating on the banks of the river;

For fencing pits during the construction of channel supports of large bridges, it is preferable to use inventory metal jumpers from pontoons of the KS type;

In order to reduce the embarrassment of the river and reduce the turbulence of the flow, it is preferable to use sheet piling when arranging sand islands and foundation pits for supports;

On device pile foundations under the supports, it is advisable to use drilling and bored casing piles or pillars; vibration driving of piles, and in the presence of a sheet piling of the excavation - driving piles with washing;

Temporary supports and scaffolding in the riverbed should be avoided, if possible;

The soil extracted from the foundation pit, sinkhole or pile shells is taken out for use in embankments of approaches to the bridge and regulatory structures or stored outside the floodplain and water protection zones.

8.15 Diversion, embankment or blocking of channels for the period of construction of a culvert on watercourses (reservoirs) used for fishery purposes is allowed only with the permission of environmental authorities.

8.16 Restriction of the watercourse for the duration of the work, at which the flooding of agricultural land is possible, is agreed with the owners of the flooded lands.

8.17 During the construction of fortifications of earthworks on watercourses, as well as drainage and ravine protection structures, anti-flood measures are provided to prevent soil erosion and collapse during rains and floods.

8.18 The construction of bridges and pipes in ice-prone areas is carried out with the preservation of the water-thermal regime of soils, peat-moss cover and vegetation established on the watercourse.

8.19 During the construction process and at its final stage, the following works are monitored:

Removal of sand islands from the riverbed, dumped during the construction of supports, with the removal of soil to the shore;

Cleaning the river bed and floodplain from obstructing objects (scaffolding piles and temporary supports, must be pulled out and taken out, brushwood linings or slabs of temporary access roads should be dismantled and taken out);

Dismantling of temporary structures at the construction site; planning and reclamation of land, planting shrubs and trees throughout the construction area, including access roads;

Planning and reclamation of disturbed lands with the restoration of shrubs and trees on the construction site, within the water protection zone and water protection forest belts on the banks of the watercourse; fishery reclamation of reservoir sites in case of their damage.

The completeness and quality of the performance of the listed works is recorded in the act of commissioning the object.

9. Environmental protection during the repair and maintenance of roads and artificial structures

9.1 Environmental protection during the repair and maintenance of roads and artificial structures is carried out with the maximum possible reduction of damage to the natural environment, through the use of environmentally friendly materials and technologies in the production of work, as well as the implementation of special environmental measures, in accordance with the requirements of federal laws dated 10 January 2002 N 7-FZ and December 27, 2002 N 184-FZ.

9.2 When repairing and maintaining roads and artificial structures, the following should be ensured:

Preservation or improvement of the existing landscape, protection of soils, vegetation and wildlife;

Reclamation of lands temporarily used for placement, used in the repair or maintenance of equipment, materials, access roads, territories of quarries and other areas of activity engaged in repair and maintenance work;

Improving the stability of the subgrade in landslide areas, creating favorable conditions for the further use of land temporarily withdrawn for road repair work;

Protection of surface and ground waters from pollution by road dust, fuels and lubricants, dust removers, anti-icing and other chemicals;

Implementation of measures to prevent and reduce air pollution from dust and exhaust gases, as well as to protect the population living in close proximity to highways from noise and vibration;

Maintaining cleanliness from household waste and other contaminants in the roadside;

Maintenance of existing stormwater collection systems and treatment facilities in working order.

9.3 Start work on land plot is possible only after establishing and agreeing with the local land management authorities on the boundaries of the site and obtaining a document certifying the right to use the land.

9.4 When carrying out repair work, if it is planned to increase the radii of curves in the plan, soften the longitudinal slopes of the road, the implementation of these measures, if possible, is carried out without disturbing the landscape, without causing soil erosion, the development of ravines, changes in the drainage system in the roadside and with strict observance of the requirements of the land legislation.

9.5 When repairing roads and bridges, measures are taken to preserve and prevent pollution of soils, water bodies, rivers and groundwater. All activities related to water resources(rivers, lakes, ponds, etc.) are carried out in compliance with the requirements of the Water Code of the Russian Federation dated June 03, 2006 N 74-FZ. These activities include:

Prevention of spillage of fuels and lubricants and other process fluids;

Carrying out dust removal of the construction site and work sites;

Organization of a surface drainage system that ensures the collection of runoff from the coating of the construction site;

If necessary, the installation of local treatment facilities to treat surface runoff before discharging it into a reservoir from the construction site;

Arrangement of special sites (snow dumps) for temporary storage of snow and ice removed from the carriageway of roads and bridges.

9.6 To reduce the amount of various anti-icing materials used in the fight against winter slipperiness at bridge crossings, it is advisable to arrange the top layer of the coating with anti-icing properties, for example, with the Grikol anti-adhesive additive.

9.7 When carrying out repair work in settlements near residential buildings at night from 11 p.m. to 7 a.m., the requirements established by SNiP 23-03-2003 should be observed and provided in areas immediately adjacent to residential buildings, buildings of clinics, rest homes, etc. d. maximum allowable levels of equivalent sound.

9.8 To reduce the gas content of the territories of settlements adjacent to existing roads, measures are being taken to ensure the ventilation of roads, the uniformity of vehicle traffic, and the installation of protective screens.

9.9 To protect the surrounding area, surface and groundwater from pollution by dust, household waste, fuels and lubricants and other materials, it is necessary to:

The installation of coatings that exclude dust formation, first of all, on sections of roads passing through settlements, in the immediate vicinity of hospitals, sanatoriums, schools, kindergartens, recreation areas, water protection zones, through land where dust reduces the yield or quality of crops ;

Strengthening roadsides with asphalt concrete or crushed stone;

Carrying out work to remove dirt, debris and dust removal after cold milling of asphalt concrete pavement layers;

Construction of a sufficient number of parking areas and recreation areas, placing increased demands on their sanitary and hygienic arrangement and equipment.

It is not allowed to arrange car parking areas within the water protection zone.

9.10 Must use automobile transport and road equipment only in a technically sound condition and not having leaks and digging fuel and lubricants.

9.11 It is necessary to exclude spillage, dusting and spillage of transported liquid and bulk road construction materials.

9.12 When carrying out work on the maintenance of roads and artificial structures, the road service should prevent the deterioration of the natural environment in the area adjacent to the road, Special attention on the use of chemical anti-icing and dust-removing materials.

9.13 When dealing with winter slipperiness on roads and streets, preference should be given to the preventive method (to prevent the formation of slipperiness), especially when working in early spring, since in this case the consumption rate of anti-icing materials is much lower.

9.14 To reduce the negative impact on the soil and roadside vegetation of anti-icing and dust-removing chemicals, the working bodies of special distribution machines are carefully regulated, providing protection from the ingress of chemicals outside the carriageway, and the norms of their distribution are strictly controlled. It is impossible to dedust roads with salts in a finely dispersed state (powder) in settlements.

9.15 On reinforced concrete and metal bridges to combat winter slipperiness, it is not recommended to use anti-icing materials containing chlorides. The resulting snow and ice deposits are transported outside the bridge crossing to specially designated areas - snow dumps.

9.16 If there is a system for the removal and treatment of surface runoff at the bridge crossing, work is carried out to maintain them. The work consists in regular cleaning of storm water inlets, trays and collectors from sediment and foreign objects. The maintenance of local treatment facilities is carried out in accordance with the design regulations for the operation of the treatment facility. The scope of work includes: periodic cleaning of sedimentation chambers from sediment, replacement of filter fillers and removal of sediment and filler material for subsequent disposal to specialized organizations or disposal at specially designated landfills with the appropriate licenses.

All treatment facilities must have permits for environmental documentation agreed in the prescribed manner with environmental authorities.

9.17 When the first signs of soil salinization appear near highways, gypsuming, liming, washing or other measures are carried out.

9.18 In the fight against winter slipperiness and dust removal, it is impossible to use materials and industrial waste without a conclusion Federal Service on supervision in the field of consumer protection and human well-being.

9.19 All sources drinking water- springs, wells, etc., located near highways, are kept clean. At least once a year, water quality control is carried out with the involvement of duly accredited laboratories for this purpose.

9.20 To protect the soil and vegetation cover of the roadside from pollution by household waste, garbage containers are installed along the roads, which are regularly emptied of garbage and collected municipal solid waste (MSW). Garbage and MSW are subject to disposal or disposal at specially designated landfills that have the appropriate licenses.

9.21 To eliminate the consequences of emergency spills of fuels and lubricants and other oil products on the roads, as well as to prevent the formation of a fire hazard, road enterprises immediately take measures to clean up and neutralize pollution.

9.22 Clearing the road lane, when maintaining roads, from forests and shrubs is carried out in separate sections, in order of priority. In forested areas, clearing is usually carried out in the winter season.

9.23 Commercial timber and clearing waste, including uprooted stumps, are completely removed to designated locations. It is not allowed to leave cleaning waste within the right of way.

9.24 If it is impossible to use logging residues and non-commercial timber, in agreement with environmental authorities, it is allowed to eliminate them by burial or burning in specially designated areas.

9.25 Replantation of trees of valuable species should be carried out in accordance with the established dendrological rules.

10. Carrying out reclamation work

10.1 Reclamation work on lands disturbed or subject to disturbance by open pit development should be carried out according to a special project drawn up on the basis of the study and analysis of data characterizing the natural physical and geological conditions of the area, the economic, socio-economic and sanitary and hygienic conditions of the area, the technology of conducting restoration work, economic feasibility and social effect of reclamation, agreed with the state supervision authorities.

10.2 The production of reclamation works is technologically linked to the structure of the complex mechanization of the main mining operations, the service life and stages of open pit development.

10.3 The direction of reclamation of disturbed lands is determined in accordance with GOST 17.5.1.01-83. When justifying the direction of reclamation in each specific case, it is necessary to take into account the relief, geological and hydrogeological conditions, composition and properties of rocks and soils of adjacent territories, weather and climatic conditions, vegetation composition, economic and geographical, economic, socio-economic and sanitary and hygienic conditions.

10.4 In the agricultural direction of the reclamation of disturbed lands, the following requirements are imposed on the reclaimed territories:

The slope of reclaimed land should not exceed 10%;

The thickness of the fertile soil layer on reclaimed lands should be no less than the thickness of the fertile soil layer on adjacent agricultural lands;

The unevenness of the planned land should not exceed 5 cm at a distance of 4 m.

10.5 In the agricultural direction of reclamation, the calculated groundwater level should be no higher than 0.5 m, and in the forestry direction of reclamation - no higher than 2.0 m from the surface.

10.6 In the agricultural direction of reclamation, the main attention should be paid to preparing the surface of disturbed lands and carrying out agrotechnical measures aimed at improving the chemical and physical properties of rocks, increasing soil fertility.

10.7 To create reservoirs, it is necessary to carry out activities, including planning, stability improvement, improvement of coastal slopes and adjacent territory, and implementation of measures to prevent water stagnation.

10.8 In the case of the fishery direction of reclamation, the scope of work should include the arrangement of a layer of appropriate soil (substratum) in the water area or in floodplain zones to create spawning grounds and feeding grounds for fish.

10.9 The type of subsequent development of disturbed lands determines the nature of planning work (solid, terraced, partial planning). Continuous surface planning is carried out for the agricultural direction of reclamation: terraced and partial - for forestry, water management, fisheries and other areas of reclamation.

10.10 Works on reclamation of disturbed lands are carried out in two stages: technical and biological stages.

10.11 At the technical stage of land reclamation, work should be carried out on the planning of worked-out space, the formation of slopes, quarries (reserves), transportation and application of potentially fertile rocks and soils to reclaimed lands, construction of access roads, hydraulic engineering and reclamation structures, etc., including:

Removal of surface water and drainage of sites, clearing the surface of foreign objects;

Removing the vegetation (soil) layer, transporting and stacking it in stacks for storage;

Development of underlying rocks and rocks suitable for reclamation purposes (when developing deposits), transporting and stacking them;

The layout of the waste areas and the formation of slopes;

Distribution of previously removed vegetative soil on a planned surface.

10.12 At the biological stage of land reclamation, a complex of agrotechnical and phytomeliorative measures is carried out aimed at the renewal of flora and fauna.

10.13 The forestry direction of biological reclamation is carried out in order to create forest plantations with anti-erosion or air protection purposes.

10.14 The forestry direction of reclamation is carried out in the forest zone, in industrial centers that need to improve sanitary and hygienic conditions, as well as in cases where agricultural reclamation is ineffective or impractical.

10.15 The laying of rocks should be carried out in such a way that soils with poorer physical and chemical parameters are covered by soils with more favorable properties from the point of view of their agricultural use. It is recommended to lay the fertile soil layer no earlier than two years after the use of the planned area for hayfields or pastures. In this case, loosening or plowing of the planned surface should be carried out.

10.16 When using recultivated lands for arable land, the thickness of the fertile soil layer should be at least 0.2-0.5 m. m. When using recultivated lands for growing trees and shrubs, it is necessary to arrange a layer of potentially fertile rocks with a thickness of at least 2.0 m.

10.17 Technical reclamation of near-road lateral reserves in the cross section is carried out by smooth conjugation of the subgrade slope with the adjacent territory. Reclamation can be carried out according to two schemes: filling the reserves with imported material or transverse movement of soil from the adjacent territory to the reserve until an acceptable slope is reached, followed by laying a fertile soil layer.

10.18 It is expedient to carry out reclamation of near-road lateral reserves in the general flow of subgrade construction.

10.19 Technical reclamation of concentrated quarries and reserves is carried out by backfilling the goaf with materials from overburden dumps or by flattening the processing slopes. The filling of the worked-out space can also be done by hydromechanization.

10.20 The slopes of the leveled slopes must comply with the conditions of the chosen direction of reclamation and anti-erosion conditions. When flattening is difficult or impossible, the slope is terraced. The number of terraces is determined by the overall stability of the slope and the conditions of the work. The transverse slope of the terraces should be 1.5-2 ° towards the slope.

10.21 Reduction of environmental pollution with dust during loading and unloading operations performed during the development and reclamation of quarries and reserves is carried out by reducing the number of transshipments, dusty materials, reducing the height of loading and unloading, the use of hydro irrigation and other measures.

10.22 When performing overburden and reclamation work on access and quarry roads, roads are dedusted.

10.23 When various overburden rocks occur together, their selective mining and selective dumping is carried out. First of all, this refers to the fertile soil layer.

10.24 The fertile soil layer is removed in a thawed state during a warm and dry period.

10.25 For storage of overburden unsuitable for road construction, it is advisable to use the mined-out space of the quarry or place it outside the quarry.

10.26 To place overburden outside the quarry, natural and artificial depressions in the terrain are used. It is necessary to exclude the possibility of the formation of drainless territories, leading to flooding of the area adjacent to the quarry field. To do this, it is necessary to provide special drainage and culvert devices.

The environment includes the natural environment - nature, as well as all technical objects created by man (artificial environment).

Natural objects - land (soil, subsoil), water bodies (seas, rivers, lakes, reservoirs, groundwater, springs), air basin, vegetation (trees, shrubs, grasses, algae), animal world, human.

Artificial objects - buildings, roads, bridges, tunnels, cities, villages, dams, as well as underground utilities: pipelines, tunnels, cables, etc.

Activities for environmental protection in construction:

open fire at the construction site is prohibited;
when excavating, the upper vegetation layer (soil) is carefully cut off, stored in dumps and then used for reclamation of territories, as well as for parks and squares in cities;

to cut any trees (if necessary), you need to obtain a numbered permit from the Zelenstroy service
it is forbidden to arrange unauthorized dumps of construction waste;

it is forbidden to arbitrarily lay (roll) roads outside the facility;
it is forbidden to drain waste fuels and lubricants, paints and varnishes, as well as water after washing concrete and mortar containers into the sewer. It is also forbidden to drain them into ravines, streams, rivers and lakes;
when organizing a construction site, it is necessary to ensure normal drainage from the territory and culvert from neighboring areas (to exclude the formation of mini-lakes or roaring streams of water).

Measures to protect the artificial environment in construction:

it is forbidden to plunge piles by shock method (driving) near existing buildings and structures, tk. deformation and even destruction of individual structures are possible;
the construction of pits and trenches near buildings is permitted under a separate project, with measures to ensure the stability of existing buildings;
any excavation work requires a permit local administration(permission "for overburden"), issued for a personal performer (foreman, foreman). This increases their responsibility for possible damage(due to negligence or negligence) underground utilities(pipes, cables, etc.);
in residential areas at night it is prohibited:

Perform pile driving by impact method;
- perform noisy work: pound compaction by tamping, work with a jackhammer, work with an electric gun;

Electric welding works outside the building under construction;

at the construction site, it is necessary to organize dust suppression (regular watering of roads, driveways, sites);
dusty goods (sand, crushed stone, ASG, soil) when transported in dump trucks to cover with a canopy;
during construction within the city, temporary roads on the site must have a hard surface (concrete, asphalt, crushed stone). This will exclude the removal of dirt by the wheels of a car on city highways;
tracked vehicles (tractors, excavators, cranes) are allowed to move along city highways only on special heavy-duty platforms (trailers).

« METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DURING CONSTRUCTION, REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE OF ROADS FEDERAL ROAD AGENCY...»

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ODM 218.3.031-2013

INDUSTRY ROAD GUIDELINE

ENVIRONMENTAL DURING CONSTRUCTION, REPAIR AND

FEDERAL ROAD AGENCY

(ROSAVTODOR) MOSCOW 2013 ODM 218.3.031-2013 Foreword

1 DEVELOPED BY FSUE ROSDORNII

2 INTRODUCED by the Department of Construction and Design of Highways, the Department of Operation and Preservation of Highways of the Federal Highway Agency.

3 PUBLISHED pursuant to Order No. 600-r of the Federal Road Agency dated April 24, 2013

II ODM 218.3.031- Contents Scope…………………………………………..………..

1 Normative references…………………………………………….....… 2 Terms and definitions …………………………………..….……..… 3 General requirements on environmental protection during construction and repair work on roads and bridge structures………………………………………..…….... 5 Environmental protection during the construction and reconstruction of roads… …………………………………………….…. 6 Construction of subgrade and pavement ……………….. 7 Operation of quarries………………………………………………………… 8 Environmental protection during the construction and reconstruction of artificial structures …………………….……………………... 9 Environmental protection during the repair and maintenance of roads……………………………………………………. 10 Carrying out reclamation works…………………………...…. 11 Dedusting of roads………………………………. 12 Working with anti-icing and dust-removing materials. 13 Requirements for snow dumps……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………...…. 16 Soil protection……………………………………………………..…..… 17 Protection against water pollution…………………………………….. 18 Prevention of other types of pollution…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. harmful substances in the water of water bodies.

……………………... Appendix B Water protection zones and coastal protective strips.. Appendix C Maximum allowable concentrations (MAC) of pollutants in the atmospheric air populated areas and working area………………….… Appendix D Maximum Permissible Concentrations (MPC) of Chemical Substances in Soil…………………..……...... Appendix D Permissible Sound Pressure Levels, Permissible Equivalent and maximum sound levels……..… Annex E Ways to deal with winter slipperiness and norms for the distribution of anti-icing materials. ……. Appendix G Evaluation of the impact of anti-icing and dust-removing substances on the environment ...... Appendix I Characteristics of the main tree species and shrubs by gas resistance classes ...…………. Bibliography……………………………………………………………… III ODM 218.3.031-

INDUSTRY ROAD GUIDELINE

Guidelines for environmental protection during the construction, repair and maintenance of roads 1.1 This sectoral road methodological document contains the reconstruction, repair and maintenance of roads and is aimed at improving the environmental safety of roads and bridge structures, reducing their negative environmental impact.

the following documents:

Hydrosphere. Status indicators and taxation rules for fishery water bodies.

GOST 17.1.5.02-80 Nature protection. Hydrosphere. Hygienic requirements for recreation areas of water bodies.

GOST 17.5.1.01-83 Nature protection. Land reclamation. Terms and Definitions.

ODM 218.3.031- GOST 17.5.1.03-86 Nature protection. Earth. Classification of overburden and enclosing rocks for biological land reclamation.

GOST 2761-84 Sources of centralized domestic drinking water supply. Hygienic, technical requirements and selection rules.

Transport streams. Methods for measuring the noise characteristic.

GOST 30772-2001 Interstate standard. Resource saving.

Waste management. Terms and Definitions.

GOST 31330.1-2006 (ISO 11819-1:1997) Interstate standard.

Noise. Evaluation of the influence of the road surface on traffic noise. Part 1.

statistical method.

In this ODM, the following terms are used with their respective definitions.

wastewater disposal: Any discharge of water, including wastewater and (or) drainage water, into water bodies.

sod: The surface layer of soil intertwined with living and dead roots, shoots and rhizomes of perennial grasses.

pollutant: A substance or mixture of substances, the amount and (or) concentration of which exceeds the standards established for chemicals, including radioactive, other substances and microorganisms, and have a negative impact on the environment.

earthing: A lawn maintenance activity that consists of spreading a layer of humus earth over the surface of a site.

weeding: A system of measures to maintain and increase productivity (by strengthening sod, thickening) applied on slopes, gullies, river terraces, hills, etc.

limits on emissions and discharges of pollutants and microorganisms: Limitations on emissions and discharges of pollutants and microorganisms into the environment, established for the period of environmental protection measures, including the introduction of the best available technologies, in order to achieve environmental standards.

waste disposal limit: The maximum allowable amount of waste of a particular type that is allowed to be placed in a certain way for a specified period in waste disposal facilities, taking into account the environmental situation in the given territory.

maximum sound level: The sound level of intermittent noise corresponding to the maximum reading of a measuring, direct-reading instrument (sound level meter) during visual reading, or the sound level exceeded for 1% of the duration of the measurement interval when noise is recorded by an automatic evaluating device (statistical analyzer).

standards for permissible emissions and discharges of chemicals: Standards that are established for subjects of economic and other activities in accordance with the indicators of the mass of chemicals, including radioactive, other substances and microorganisms, acceptable for entry into the environment from stationary, mobile and other sources in established mode and taking into account technological standards, and subject to which environmental quality standards are ensured.

3.10 waste generation standard: The established amount of waste of a particular type in the production of a unit of product.

3.11 environment: A set of components of the natural environment, natural and natural-anthropogenic objects, as well as anthropogenic objects.

ODM 218.3.031 - of the state authorities of the Russian Federation, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local governments, public and other non-profit associations, legal entities and individuals, aimed at preserving and restoring the natural environment, rational use and reproduction of natural resources, preventing negative impacts economic and other activities on the environment and the elimination of its consequences.

3.13 waste product residue or additional product generated during or after a particular activity and not used in direct connection with that activity.

3.14 Production and consumption waste in the road sector:

Remains of products or an additional product formed during or upon completion of a certain technological process in a road organization and not used during construction, reconstruction, overhaul. repair and maintenance of roads and road infrastructure.

2 Snow collected during the cleaning of roads is not a waste from the road sector, because it is not formed as a result of a technological process carried out by road organizations, but when it is removed, the requirements established by the methodological recommendations and the section of these methodological recommendations must be observed.

3.15 waste passport: A document certifying that the waste belongs to the waste of the corresponding type and hazard class, containing information about their composition.

3.16 maximum allowable emission: The standard for the maximum allowable emission of a harmful (polluting) substance into the atmospheric air, which is set for a stationary source of atmospheric air pollution, taking into account the technical standards for emissions and background air pollution, provided that this source does not exceed the hygienic and environmental standards for atmospheric air quality, maximum permissible (critical) loads on ecological systems, other environmental standards.

Maximum Permissible Concentration (MPC): The concentration of a pollutant in the atmospheric air that does not have a direct or indirect adverse effect on present or future generations throughout life, does not reduce a person’s working capacity, does not worsen his well-being and sanitary living conditions.

3.18 maximum allowable concentration (MPC) of a chemical in soil: A complex indicator of the content of chemicals in soil that is harmless to humans.

is carried out after their use or the runoff of which is carried out from the polluted territory.

3.20 equivalent (energy) sound level: The sound level of a constant noise that has the same r.m.s.

construction and repair work on roads and bridge structures ODM 218.3.031- Land use is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Land Code of the Russian Federation dated October 25, 2001 No. 136-FZ and is aimed at ensuring the safety of ecological systems.

Construction and operating organizations, which are in charge of land plots occupied by a road under construction or in operation, take measures to:

-soil conservation;

Protecting the right of way of roads from overgrowing with trees and shrubs, weeds, eliminating the consequences of pollution and littering of land;

- reclamation of disturbed lands.

Atmospheric air protection Atmospheric air protection is carried out in accordance with the Federal Law of May 4, 1999 No. 96-FZ.

Actions aimed at changing the state of atmospheric air and atmospheric phenomena can be carried out only if there are no harmful consequences for human life and health and for the environment on the basis of permits issued by the federal executive body in the field of environmental protection.

Transport and construction equipment operating in the road organization are subject to verification for compliance of pollutant emissions in exhaust gases with established standards during the annual technical inspection.

ODM 218.3.031- If possible, to improve the environmental situation at transport infrastructure facilities, switch to the use of gas fuel and other more environmentally friendly types of energy.

Protection of water resources is carried out in accordance with the Water Code of the Russian Federation dated June 03, 2006 No. 74-FZ. The protection of water resources is the most important component of the protection of the environment, the habitat of objects of flora and fauna, including aquatic biological resources.

The use of water bodies should not have a negative impact on the environment.

It is not allowed to discharge sewage and (or) drainage water into water bodies:

- classified as specially protected water bodies.

It is not allowed to discharge sewage and (or) drainage water into water bodies located within the boundaries:

- zones of sanitary protection of sources of drinking household water supply;

The first, second zones of the districts of sanitary (mountain-sanitary) protection of medical and health-improving areas and resorts;

Fish protection zones, fishery protected areas, areas of mass spawning, fish feeding and the location of wintering pits.

Annex B), territories adjacent to the coastline of seas, rivers, streams, canals, lakes, reservoirs and on which a special regime for economic and other activities has been established.

To reduce the removal of pollutants with surface runoff, the following measures should be taken:

- excluding the discharge of production waste into the rain sewer;

-organization of regular cleaning of the ROW territories;

- Carrying out timely repair of road surfaces;

- fencing of landscaping areas with curbs, excluding soil washout on the road surface;

- increasing the degree of dust and gas cleaning at the treatment facilities of the road infrastructure;

- increasing the technical level of operation of vehicles;

surface runoff through a temporary system of open flumes, clarification by 50-70% in settling tanks and subsequent discharge onto the terrain or further treatment;

pollutants with subsequent diversion and treatment of surface runoff; streamlining the storage and transportation of bulk and liquid materials.

The choice of a scheme for the diversion and treatment of surface runoff is determined by the level of its pollution and the required degree of purification.

Reservoirs and watercourses (water bodies) are considered polluted if ODM 218.3.031 - indicators of the composition and properties of water in them have changed under the direct and indirect influence of the production of works or the operation of the road and road structures and have become partially or completely unsuitable for one of the types of water use. The suitability of the composition and properties of surface water is determined by their compliance with the requirements and standards established by GOST 2761-84, GOST 17.1.5.02-80 and the Water Code of the Russian Federation.

When oil products enter water bodies in a volume that can lead to an excess of the maximum permissible concentration, measures are immediately taken to prevent their spread and subsequent removal.

flooding and flooding of settlements, industrial enterprises, roads, as well as agricultural or forestry lands.

In order to prevent changes in aquatic ecosystems, including changes in the biological activity of algae, microorganisms and other hydrobionts, changes in the hydrological regime of water bodies are not allowed:

installation of dams, dams, cofferdams, branches, approaches to bridges, etc. without verification by calculation of the erosion of the bottom of rivers and banks.

In accordance with the Federal Law of April 24, 1995 No. 52-FZ, any activity that entails a change in the habitat of wildlife and the deterioration of the conditions for their reproduction, feeding, rest and migration routes is carried out in compliance with the requirements that ensure the protection of wildlife.

measures are taken to ensure the preservation of the migration routes of wildlife objects and places of their constant concentration, including during the breeding and wintering periods. If necessary, fences are constructed to prevent wild animals from entering the road or crossings for animals across the road are built.

Regardless of the types of specially protected natural areas, in order to protect the habitats of rare, endangered and economically and scientifically valuable objects of the animal world, protective areas of territories and water areas that are of local importance, but necessary for their life cycles (reproduction rearing, rearing, feeding, rest and migration, etc.).

In specially protected natural areas, it is allowed to build roads only after carrying out calculations of the environmental impact and if they do not violate the life cycles of wildlife objects.

In accordance with the Federal Law of January 10, 2002 No. 7-FZ, construction organizations are required to take the necessary measures to prevent and eliminate the negative impact of noise, vibration, infrasound, electrical, electromagnetic fields and other negative physical impact on the environment in urban and rural settlements, recreation areas, habitats and breeding areas for wild animals and birds, natural ecological systems and natural landscapes.

Road noise protection should be provided by:

- use of acoustic screens;

- observance of sanitary gaps (according to the noise factor) of roads;

- the use of noise protection strips of green spaces;

- the use of coating materials that reduce the noise of traffic flows;

Prohibition of transit transport or restriction of freight transport in places of permanent residence of people, where noise pollution exceeds the established norms.

ODM 218.3.031- When working with waste, construction and operating organizations must comply with environmental, sanitary and other requirements established by the Federal Law of June 24, 1998 No. 89-FZ. In accordance with these requirements, construction and operating organizations must:

Have technical and technological documentation allowing the use and neutralization of generated waste if they are used and neutralized at their own production facilities.

Develop draft standards for waste generation and limits for waste disposal in order to reduce the amount of their generation and maximize their use in the construction process;

- introduce low-waste technologies based on the latest scientific and technological achievements;

- to carry out an inventory of waste and their disposal facilities;

- monitor the state of the environment in the territories of waste disposal facilities;

- provide, in accordance with the established procedure, the necessary information in the field of waste management;

waste management and take urgent measures to eliminate them;

- in accordance with the established procedure, obtain licenses when working with waste of the 1st hazard class;

In accordance with the established procedure, coordinate passports for waste of hazard classes 1-4, which are used in the construction, repair and maintenance of roads.

Ecological preparation of environmental events must undergo environmental training and carry out environmental briefings with persons directly involved in the construction, reconstruction, repair and maintenance of highways.

reconstruction of motor roads Measures for the protection of the environment during the construction of motor roads are carried out in accordance with the developed and approved working draft.

When performing construction work, the requirements and measures of the “Environmental Protection” section developed as part of a project for the construction (reconstruction) of a highway or other facility are taken into account.

Measures for the protection of the environment and the rational use of natural resources are provided for in the construction organization project (POS), in the project for the production of works (PPR), as well as in technological regulations (flow charts, etc.).

The structure of the construction organization project includes the development of a system of industrial environmental control over compliance with environmental standards and design technical solutions for environmental protection and rational nature management.

environmental facilities located in the zone of direct or indirect influence of the work being carried out, and is obliged to take the necessary measures to protect them from damage or other damage, including in cases where this is not provided for by the project for any reason.

In case of damage, damage or loss of property or natural resources due to omissions, neglect or violation of relevant norms and rules, the Contractor shall restore them at his own expense to a state similar or equivalent to ODM 218.3.031- that existed before the damage was caused, or pay to the owner (with the consent of the owner) appropriate compensation.

violating environmental legislation and causing harm to the environment and human health, bear disciplinary, administrative or civil and criminal liability, and legal entities - administrative and civil liability.

Construction organizations that have valid permits for emissions and discharges of pollutants into the environment, waste generation standards and limits on their disposal, other environmental documentation established by law and having persons in their staff responsible for environmental issues are allowed to perform work at a construction or reconstruction facility .

Construction organizations performing work at the facilities must have the following environmental permits issued in accordance with the established procedure:

- the volume of maximum allowable emissions (MAE) and the Permit for the emission of pollutants into the atmospheric air;

- the volume of allowable discharge standards (VAT) and the Permit for the discharge of pollutants into the environment;

Draft limits for waste disposal and a document on the approval of standards for the generation of waste and limits for their disposal;

In necessary cases, established by SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1200-03, the approved Project for the organization of a sanitary protection zone (SPZ).

5.10 The appointment of the composition and timing of the preparatory work is carried out taking into account the least damage to the environment (winter cutting and removal of forests, reducing the possibility of erosion during the flood period, ensuring unhindered migration of animals and fish, etc.) in favorable periods of the year.

of the road, in addition to technical and economic indicators, one should take into account environmental risks, and risks to public health caused to the environment and people, both during construction and during operation, as well as the combination of the road with the landscape, giving preference to solutions that have a minimum environmental impact.

5.12 When carrying out work on the construction of roads and artificial structures, it is necessary:

Ensure the preservation or improvement of the existing landscape, protection of soil, vegetation and wildlife;

Ensure the reclamation of lands temporarily used for placement of equipment, materials used in construction, access roads, quarry areas and other areas of activity;

To ensure an increase in the stability of the subgrade in landslide areas, the creation of favorable conditions for the further use of land temporarily withdrawn for construction;

Protect surface and ground water from pollution by road dust, fuels and lubricants, dedusting, de-icing and other chemicals used during construction;

- ensure control over the radiation level of the building materials used;

Ensure during construction the cleaning of household waste and other pollution, including construction waste at temporary sites located in the ROW;

ODM 218.3.031- - restore the natural flow of flowing water bodies and equip stagnant water bodies.

5.13 If there are specially protected natural areas, historical or cultural monuments in the construction zone, measures must be taken to preserve, and, if possible, improve their condition.

5.14 The clearing of the road lane and areas for road structures is carried out strictly within the allotted boundaries. Storage of timber, logging residues, materials left after the dismantling of structures along the edges of the right of way is allowed only for the period of clearing, until removal to specially designated areas by the project.

5.20 In swamps, logging residues can be used as brushwood lining at the base of the embankment.

5.21 Continuous felling of forests and removal of shrubs by bulldozers or brush cutters and moving them along with roots and soil to the border of the road lane is not allowed.

5.22 From the lands occupied by the road and its construction, as well as temporarily occupied for the period of the road construction, the fertile layer of the places provided for by the project.

limited by the outer contours of the subgrade and other road structures. The thickness of the layer to be removed is set by the project.

5.24 When removing the soil layer, measures are taken to protect it from pollution: mixing with mineral soil, clogging, water and wind erosion.

5.25 If there is a shortage of soil for the purposes of reclamation, potentially fertile soil of the upper layers of overburden is collected and stored.

drainage ditches.

ODM 218.3.031-5.26 Soil removal is not carried out in swamps (not developed for agricultural production), in sandy deserts, on saline lands, as well as in case of inefficiency of its secondary use, established by land management authorities.

5.27 On lands occupied by temporary structures or bypass sections of roads, after the completion of all work, reclamation and complete restoration of the fertile layer are carried out.

5.28 The fertile soil layer, which has physical and chemical properties that meet the requirements of GOST 17.5.1.03-86, is subject to removal.

5.32 On reclaimed lands, the laying of the road route, the elevation of the subgrade, the placement of drainage and culvert structures are linked to reclamation work.

5.33 When passing the route through populated areas, measures should be taken to prevent dust formation.

5.34 When passing the road near settlements, recreation areas, hospital complexes, it is necessary to arrange noise and dust screens, barriers and other structures.

5.35 Noise protection structures on highways are used when the permissible sound level in the territory exceeds the standard values established by SNiP 23-03-2003.

When working with waste, the requirements of the Federal Law of June 24, 1998 No. 89-FZ and other documents regulating the work with waste are taken into account.

ODM 218.3.031-5.39 On roads passing through forests, as well as near the borders of water protection and sanitary zones, nature reserves and resort areas, measures are taken to prevent spontaneous exits of vehicles outside the carriageway (including parking lots).

5.42 In places where spring water comes out, after analyzing its drinking qualities, architectural design of structures and finishing of the spring water outlet as a drinking source are provided.

5.43 During the construction of production bases, buildings and structures of the road and motor transport services, measures are developed to ensure compliance with:

- maximum allowable emissions of pollutants into the air;

- permissible discharges of pollutants into the environment;

- Waste generation standards and limits on their disposal.

6 Construction of the subgrade and pavement When leveling the surface of the subgrade before removing and distributing the material for an additional base layer, in dry weather, dedusting is carried out by pouring (distributing) dedusting agents or water using watering machines, tanks equipped with distributing devices or special distributors of loose materials.

materials, waterproofing layers from rolled materials, draining and capillary-interrupting layers from non-woven synthetic materials, it is necessary to prevent clogging of the right of way of the road with the remains of these materials.

When installing frost-protective and draining layers of coarse-grained material (gravel, crushed stone, sand), wind removal of dust and small particles outside the subgrade during loading, unloading and distribution is prevented. For this purpose, in necessary cases, moistening of the material is used either at the place of loading or during unloading.

Delivery of mixtures prepared in mixing plants to the work site is carried out by specialized vehicles or adapted dump trucks with tightly closed sides and covered awnings to prevent weathering and spillage of the transported material.

When constructing bases and coatings from materials reinforced with organic binders, preference is given to bituminous emulsions and viscous bitumens, which cause the least environmental pollution.

It is not recommended to use by-product by-products as a binder or additive in the construction of pavement structural layers, as well as their other use in road construction.

At all stages of the production of organic binders, isolation of technological lines, containers for collecting and transporting finished products is ensured. Supply and exhaust ventilation is installed in the shops associated with the production and storage of finished products.

Storage of the finished product should be carried out in specially designated areas in closed containers.

When installing surface treatment of asphalt concrete and other black coatings, ODM 218.3.031- less toxic bitumen emulsions - cationic BK, SK and anionic BA- and SA are preferred as a binder.

In the preparation of asphalt concrete mixtures intended for the installation of the upper layers of the pavement, it is recommended to use less toxic anionic substances as additives of surfactants.

The use of cationic substances as surfactant additives is possible in the preparation of asphalt concrete mixtures intended for the construction of bases and lower layers of pavement coatings.

6.10 Asphalt mixes are unloaded into the receiving bins of asphalt pavers or special service tanks or onto a prepared base. Unloading of asphalt concrete mixtures on the ground is not allowed.

Discharge of these waters into surface water bodies without treatment is not allowed.

6.12 When using film-forming materials to maintain a cement-reinforced substrate or coating, preference is given to less toxic water-based film-forming materials, for example, clarified bitumen emulsion or using a layer of sand 4-6 cm thick with water irrigation.

6.15 When preparing and transporting materials used for pouring expansion joints, it is necessary to take measures to exclude the possibility of environmental pollution.

It is not allowed to leave vehicles and construction equipment with contaminated wheels outside the construction site.

agricultural lands of poorer quality, and from the lands of the forest fund, areas not covered with forests or occupied by shrubs and low-value plantations.

When developing quarries and reserves, measures are provided to prevent the harmful effects of overburden and mining operations on the subsoil, coastal zones of fishery reservoirs, and the safety of mineral reserves.

Any activity that violates the safety of geological formations, paleontological objects and other subsoil areas of special scientific or cultural value and declared nature reserves or monuments of nature or culture, as well as in areas of special value as animal habitats, is not allowed.

Reducing the area of land occupied by open pits and reserves is achieved by increasing the number and height of ledges in the development of overburden.

The depth of open pits and reserves is established taking into account the forecast of changes in the hydrogeological conditions of adjacent territories and the direction of reclamation of disturbed lands.

The parameters of the dumps (height, angle of slope) with the direct location of the dump equipment on them are taken depending on the physical and mechanical properties of the dumped rocks, the conditions of the terrain ODM 218.3. strengthening the surface of the dumps.

In the presence of unsuitable toxic rocks (humic acids of swamp deposits, pyrite, ferrous oxide, sulfates, etc.), they are placed at the base of overburden dumps or in the mined-out space of a quarry and screened with a sufficient layer of inert rocks.

The method of dumping is selected from the condition of the least dust emission.

schemes corresponding to the least pollution of the natural environment. In dry and warm weather, to reduce dust emission, hydro-irrigation of development sites is carried out.

7.10 When crushing, sorting, cleaning stone materials, the places of greatest dust emission (places of loading, unloading, delivery of material to the conveyor, screens, crushers, conveyors) are isolated with shelters.

7.12 When cleaning crushed stone, gravel, sand in the warm season by dry method, dust suppression measures are taken.

reconstruction of artificial structures The construction site for the construction of the bridge is selected as agreed in the prescribed manner and formalized by a special act.

During the operation of construction sites, it is impossible to discharge untreated and neutralized wastewater into water bodies in accordance with established standards.

During winter work, it is not allowed to leave construction debris, logs, stones, etc. on the ice and flooded shores.

The degree of necessary treatment, neutralization and disinfection of wastewater, both during the construction period and for the subsequent operation of an artificial structure, is determined by the calculation and requirements of regulatory documents for the corresponding type of reservoirs.

settling ponds or cascade type using gabions and biofilters (Figures 14.1-14.3).

If it is impossible to achieve the required degree of purification with the simplest treatment facilities, modular-type treatment facilities are designed or, in exceptional cases, with an appropriate economic justification, individual design treatment facilities are designed.

The sediments and floating materials formed as a result of cleaning at the bottom of the sedimentation tanks of the treatment facilities are removed for disposal in organizations that have licenses to work with this type of waste.

The discharge of treated wastewater into a reservoir can be carried out in accordance with the established procedure with environmental authorities.

ODM 218.3.031 - Containers for garbage collection are provided at the construction site.

Littering the territory of the site with construction debris is not allowed.

The number of temporary access roads to the construction site is minimized. In case of weak floodplain soils, access roads are built on brushwood decks or slates. Access roads of this type are also built to preserve the thin soil cover in the forest-tundra zone.

8.10 After the cessation of operation of temporary access roads in the floodplain zones, brushwood beds and sledges are completely dismantled and removed from the floodplains.

8.11 The location and design of a temporary river crossing (ford, ferry crossing, low-water wooden bridge or pontoon bridge) is agreed with the environmental authorities in the prescribed manner.

8.12 The dumping of temporary islands in the places of erection of channel supports is carried out with clean sand, subject to the established permissible content of suspended particles in water.

8.13 When using prestressing reinforcement for injection of channels and gluing blocks with polymeric compositions based on epoxy resins, measures are taken to prevent the ingress of polymeric materials and solvents into river waters.

During the period of mass spawning, hatching of larvae and migration of juvenile fish, work within the water area, as well as movement through the water, are stopped and measures are taken to reduce the noise of construction vehicles and mechanisms operating on the banks of the river;

For fencing pits during the construction of channel supports of large bridges, it is preferable to use inventory metal lintels from pontoons of the KS type;

In order to reduce the embarrassment of the river and reduce the turbulence of the flow, it is preferable to use sheet piling when arranging sand islands and foundation pits for supports;

When arranging pile foundations for supports, it is advisable to use drilling and bored casing piles or pillars; vibration driving of piles, and in the presence of a sheet piling of the excavation - driving piles with washing;

- it is necessary, if possible, to avoid the construction of temporary supports and scaffolding in the riverbed;

construction of a culvert on watercourses (reservoirs) used for fishery purposes is allowed only with the permission of environmental authorities.

8.16 Restriction of the watercourse for the duration of the work, at which the flooding of agricultural land is possible, is agreed with the owners of the flooded lands.

8.18 The construction of bridges and pipes in ice-prone areas is carried out with the preservation of the water-thermal regime of soils, peat-moss cover and vegetation established on the watercourse.

ODM 218.3.031- 8.19 During the construction process and at its final stage, the following works are monitored:

Removal of sand islands from the riverbed, dumped during the construction of supports, with the removal of soil to the shore;

Dismantling of temporary structures at the construction site; planning and reclamation of land, planting shrubs and trees throughout the construction area, including access roads;

The completeness and quality of the performance of the listed works is recorded in the act of commissioning the object.

Environmental protection during the repair and maintenance of roads and artificial structures of roads and artificial structures is carried out with the maximum possible reduction of damage to the natural environment, through the use of environmentally friendly materials and technologies in the production of works, as well as the implementation of special environmental protection measures, in accordance with the requirements federal laws of January 10, 2002 No. 7-FZ and of December 27, 2002 No. 184-FZ.

When repairing and maintaining roads and artificial structures, the following must be ensured:

- preservation or improvement of the existing landscape, protection of soils, vegetation and wildlife;

Improving the stability of the subgrade in landslide areas, creating favorable conditions for the further use of land temporarily withdrawn for road repair work;

- protection of surface and ground waters from pollution by road dust, fuels and lubricants, dedusting, anti-icing and other chemicals;

Implementation of measures to prevent and reduce air pollution from dust and exhaust gases, as well as to protect the population living in close proximity to highways from noise and vibration;

- observance of cleanliness from household garbage and other contaminants in the roadside;

- maintenance of existing storm water collection systems and treatment facilities in working order.

It is possible to start work on the land plot only after establishing and agreeing with the local land management authorities on the boundaries of the site and receiving a document certifying the right to use the land.

increasing the radii of curves in the plan, softening the longitudinal slopes of the road, the implementation of these measures, if possible, is carried out without disturbing the landscape, without causing soil erosion, the development of ravines, changes in the drainage system in the roadside and with strict observance of the requirements of land legislation.

ODM 218.3.031 - measures to preserve and prevent pollution of soils, water bodies, rivers and groundwater. All activities related to water resources (rivers, lakes, ponds, etc.) are carried out in compliance with the requirements of the Water Code of the Russian Federation dated June 03, 2006 No. 74-FZ. These activities include:

- prevention of spillage of fuels and lubricants and other process fluids;

production of works;

Organization of a surface drainage system that ensures the collection of runoff from the coating of the construction site;

If necessary, the installation of local treatment facilities to treat surface runoff before discharging it into a reservoir from the construction site;

Arrangement of special sites (snow dumps) for temporary storage of snow and ice removed from the carriageway of roads and bridges.

anti-icing materials in the fight against winter slipperiness at bridge crossings, it is advisable to arrange the top layer of the coating with anti-icing properties, for example, with the Grikol anti-adhesive additive.

When carrying out repair work in settlements near residential buildings at night from 11 p.m. to 7 a.m., the requirements established by SNiP 23-03-2003 should be observed and ensured in areas immediately adjacent to residential buildings, buildings of clinics, rest homes, etc. . maximum allowable levels of equivalent sound.

To reduce the gas contamination of the territories of settlements adjacent to existing roads, measures are being taken to ensure the ventilation of roads, the uniformity of vehicle traffic, and the installation of protective screens.

To protect the surrounding area, surface and groundwater from pollution by dust, household waste, fuels and lubricants and other materials, it is necessary:

- strengthening of roadsides with asphalt concrete or crushed stone;

Carrying out work to remove dirt, debris and dust removal after cold milling of asphalt concrete pavement layers;

construction of a sufficient number of parking areas and recreation areas, placing increased demands on their sanitary and hygienic arrangement and equipment.

It is not allowed to arrange car parking areas within the water protection zone.

9.10 It is necessary to use road transport and road equipment only in a technically sound condition and not having leaks or digging fuel and lubricants.

transported liquid and bulk road construction materials.

9.12 When carrying out work on the maintenance of roads and artificial structures, the road service should prevent the deterioration of the natural environment in the area adjacent to the road, paying special attention to the use of chemical anti-icing and dust-removing materials.

9.13 When dealing with winter slipperiness on roads and streets, preference should be given to the preventive method (prevent the formation of slipperiness), especially when working in early spring, since ODM 218.3.031- as in this case, the consumption rate of anti-icing materials is much lower.

roadside vegetation of anti-icing and dust-removing chemicals, the working bodies of special distribution machines are carefully regulated, providing protection against the ingress of chemicals outside the carriageway, and the norms of their distribution are strictly controlled. It is impossible to dedust roads with salts in a finely dispersed state (powder) in settlements.

9.15 On reinforced concrete and metal bridges, it is not recommended to use anti-icing materials containing chlorides to combat winter slipperiness. The resulting snow and ice deposits are transported outside the bridge crossing to specially designated areas of the snow dump.

All treatment facilities must have permits for environmental documentation agreed in the prescribed manner with environmental authorities.

9.17 When the first signs of soil salinization appear near highways, gypsuming, liming, washing or other measures are carried out.

9.18 In the fight against winter slipperiness and dust removal, it is impossible to use materials and industrial waste without the conclusion of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare.

9.19 All sources of drinking water - springs, wells, etc., located near highways, are kept clean. At least once a year, water quality control is carried out with the involvement of duly accredited laboratories for this purpose.

9.23 Commercial timber and clearing waste, including uprooted stumps, are completely removed to designated locations. It is not allowed to leave cleaning waste within the right of way.

ODM 218.3.031 - in accordance with the established dendrological rules.

Carrying out reclamation work subject to violation by open pit development should be carried out according to a special project drawn up on the basis of the study and analysis of data characterizing the natural physical and geological conditions of the area, the economic, socio-economic and sanitary conditions of the area, the technology of conducting restoration work, economic feasibility and social the effect of reclamation, agreed with the state supervision authorities.

is linked to the structure of the complex mechanization of the main mining operations, the service life and the stages of open pit development.

10.3 The direction of reclamation of disturbed lands is determined in accordance with GOST 17.5.1.01-83. When substantiating directions of recultivation in each specific case, it is necessary to take into account the relief, geological and hydrogeological conditions, composition and properties of rocks and soils of adjacent territories, weather and climatic conditions, composition of vegetation, economic, geographical, economic, socio-economic and sanitary and hygienic conditions.

disturbed lands, the following requirements are imposed on reclaimed territories:

- the magnitude of the slope of reclaimed land should not exceed 10%;

The thickness of the fertile soil layer on reclaimed lands should be no less than the thickness of the fertile soil layer on adjacent agricultural lands;

- irregularities of the planned lands should not exceed 5 cm at a distance of 4 m.

10.7 To create reservoirs, it is necessary to carry out activities, including planning, raising stability, improvement of coastal slopes and adjacent territory, implementation of measures to prevent stagnant water.

10.9 The type of subsequent development of disturbed lands determines the nature of planning work (solid, terraced, partial planning).

Continuous surface planning is carried out for the agricultural direction of reclamation: terraced and partial - for forestry, water management, fisheries and other areas of reclamation.

10.10 Works on reclamation of disturbed lands are carried out in two stages: technical and biological stages.

- removal of surface water and drainage of sites, clearing the surface from foreign objects;

ODM 218.3.031- - removal of the vegetative (soil) layer, its transportation and stacking for storage;

Development of underlying rocks and rocks suitable for reclamation purposes (when developing deposits), transporting and stacking them;

- planning of the worked-out areas and formation of slopes;

- distribution of previously removed plant soil on a planned surface.

10.12 At the biological stage of land reclamation, a complex of agrotechnical and phytomeliorative measures is carried out aimed at the renewal of flora and fauna.

10.13 The forestry direction of biological reclamation is carried out in order to create forest plantations with anti-erosion or air protection purposes.

10.18 It is expedient to carry out reclamation of near-road lateral reserves in the general flow of subgrade construction.

10.20 The slopes of the leveled slopes must comply with the conditions of the chosen direction of reclamation and anti-erosion conditions.

When flattening is difficult or impossible, the slope is terraced.

The number of terraces is determined by the overall stability of the slope and the conditions of the work. The transverse slope of the terraces should be 1.5-2 ° towards the slope.

10.22 When performing overburden and reclamation work on access and quarry roads, roads are dedusted.

10.23 When various overburden rocks occur together, their selective mining and selective dumping is carried out. First of all, this refers to the fertile soil layer.

ODM 218.3.031-10.24 The fertile soil layer is removed in a thawed state during a warm and dry period.

10.25 For storage of overburden unsuitable for road construction, it is advisable to use the mined-out space of the quarry or place it outside the quarry.

Dedusting of roads 11.1 Dedusting works are primarily carried out on sections of roads passing through settlements, along fields occupied by agricultural crops.

11.2 Most spectacular way dust control on gravel and dirt roads is their treatment with dedusting materials. For short-term prevention of dust formation (for 1-2 hours), moistening with water at a flow rate of 1-2 l / m2 is used, as well as speed limits on roads passing through or near settlements, protected areas, agricultural land, etc.

11.3 The consumption rates of dust-removing materials, the technology of work and other issues related to dust control on the roads are accepted in accordance with the requirements set forth in the order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated November 2007 No. 160 and VSN 7-89.

11.4 When crossing rivers, streams or other water barriers, road sections within the established water protection zones, and in their absence, on road sections 100 m long on each side of the bridge (pipe), as well as sections passing in the drinking water protection zone and along other reservoirs located at a distance of up to 100 m, they are dedusted only with organic binders in the form of bitumen or bitumen emulsion.

11.5 The use of dedusting agents in areas passing through water protected areas, other protected zones, territories of nature reserves and wildlife sanctuaries is allowed only upon agreement with environmental authorities.

materials 12.1 To reduce the negative impact on roadside soil, water and vegetation of de-dusting and de-icing materials (AGM), it is necessary to use them in the minimum amount dictated by traffic safety conditions, observing the regime and standards provided for by the technology for combating winter slipperiness and set forth in the ODM. 218.5.001-2008, ODM dated 06/16/2003 No. OS-548-r, guidelines dated 17.03.2004 N OS-28/1270-is).

12.2 It is necessary to transport anti-icing and dust-removing materials and their components to the points of preparation, storage and storage in closed wagons at positive air temperature. When transporting materials by road, especially in rainy weather, plastic bags are used or covered with a tarpaulin or plastic wrap.

12.3 Preparation (mixing), storage and storage of chemical and chemical-friction materials in solid and liquid states is recommended to be carried out in closed mechanized warehouses or on hard-surfaced sites (for example, from poured asphalt concrete).

The sites are equipped drainage system with receiving wells and an evaporation basin, drainage systems and brine wells, which exclude the seepage of solutions into the soil. The material entering the ODM 218.3.031 - road facilities in bulk should be stored in warehouses of a bunker or silo type.

12.4 The distribution of PGM and dedusting salts is carried out only by mechanical means. Processing of coatings with flaked or granular reagents is carried out by salt spreaders and universal distributors.

Bottling of liquid PGM is carried out by liquid PGM distributors.

The working bodies of the distribution means are regulated in such a way that the distribution of materials is carried out exclusively along the carriageway.

12.5 When distributing anti-icing materials, it is recommended to take into account that the approximate amount of materials distributed during the winter period on roads passing through the I road climatic zone should not exceed 2.5 kg per 1 m2 of pavement (no more than 2 kg is recommended), for II road climatic zone - 2 kg per 1 m2 of coating, for III and IV road climatic zones 1.5 kg - per 1 m2 of coating, for V road climatic zone 1 kg - per 1 m2 of coating.

12.6 To reduce consumption, preventive treatment of the coating with moistened salt is applied at the rate of 5-20 g/m2 in a dry state before the onset of snowfall or ice formation (in accordance with the weather forecast).

12.7 In early spring, to prevent the formation of slipperiness, it is allowed to use a minimum amount of chlorides - up to 10 g / m2 per treatment, taking into account the fact that during this period the soil and vegetation are most sensitive to their effects.

12.8 To store solutions of salts and natural brines at the bases of road facilities, tanks with a capacity of 20-50 m3 or closed top pits with insulated walls are used to prevent leakage of solutions into the soil and pollution of surface and groundwater, in accordance with the requirements of section 5, ODM dated 16.06. 2003 No. OS-548-r).

checked weekly. If a leak is found, it is urgently repaired.

de-icing materials, preference is given to calcium chloride, namely, modified calcium chloride (CCF) or natural brine based on it. Water, soil and vegetation are not very sensitive to an increase in their calcium content, and natural brines contain more than 50 microelements that help reduce the negative impact of sodium and improve the properties of the soil and vegetation cover. Consideration should be given to the stimulating characteristics of natural brines for plant growth, which can lead to clogging of storm drains, pipes and environmental safety, such as rising water tables and additional salinization of the soil.

Chlorine salts in pure form or mixed with friction materials do not have a harmful effect on asphalt concrete with winter slipperiness on cement concrete pavements up to three years old, built without air-entraining additives, and on cement concrete pavements, built with air-entraining additives up to one year old. Friction materials without the addition of chloride salts are used on these coatings.

12.11 To improve the state of the natural environment in the fight against winter slipperiness on roads, bunded snow and ice deposits in settlements, on bridges, overpasses, overpasses and other similar objects are disposed of and stored at snow dump sites specially designated for this purpose.

12.12 The location of warehouses for de-icing materials and de-dusting salts is selected taking into account the characteristics of the natural environment, terrain, the presence of watercourses, reservoirs and other water sources.

ODM 218.3.031- It is not allowed to arrange stacks or warehouses in the water protection zones of water bodies and sanitary protection zones of water supply sources.

12.13 In order to reduce the negative impact of de-icing agents and de-dusting materials on plants and soil, the following measures are taken:

Meteorological support systems are used, including stationary meteorological posts, mobile road laboratories, communication systems, modern software for solving problems of winter maintenance and dust removal of roads;

In places with large quantity introduced chlorides, drainage is provided by laying intercepting and diverting drains or creating a transverse slope towards the roadside ditch of at least 5-7 °. The shape of the transverse profile of the dividing strip must be convex;

In order to limit the space polluted by the road with dust and salts, forest strips are arranged that block the transfer of these substances;

-when planting or sowing, an assortment of plants resistant to soil salinity is used (see Annex 4);

If chlorides get into the soil of newly created forest belts, they loosen the soil at least five times in the first year and three in subsequent years, watering up to 2-3 times at 30-50 l / m2 per month and annual top dressing with fertilizers;

12.14 When planting trees in shrubs on clayey and loamy water permeability, and, consequently, better chlorine leaching.

When using fertilizers special meaning should be given to organic, and from mineral - nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese and boron fertilizers. Chlorine- and sodium-containing fertilizers are not applied.

de-icing materials and dust-removing materials are carried out in the spring-summer period of monitoring the condition of plants, attention is paid to their growth, signs of poisoning, the appearance or disappearance of indicator plants (see Appendix G).

12.16 To prevent secondary soil salinization, mowed grass and tree leaves that have fallen in autumn are removed in the ROW after mowing.

passing through artificial structures (flyovers, bridges, overpasses) within the boundaries of cities and towns, are taken to snow collection points equipped in accordance with the requirements of the ODM. 218.5.001-2008 13.2 The number of snow collection points and their locations are determined based on the conditions:

- ensuring the efficiency of work on the removal of snow from the road;

- minimization of transport costs when removing snow;

- volumes of snow to be removed from the road;

- ensuring unhindered access to them by transport.

Snow collection points are divided into:

- "dry" snow dumps;

contaminated melt water.

"Dry" snow dumps should not be located in the water protection zones of water bodies.

ODM 218.3.031 - The area allotted for a "dry" snow dump must have a hard surface; embankment along the entire perimeter, excluding the ingress of melt water on the relief; catchment trays and a system for transporting melt water to local treatment facilities; fencing around the perimeter; checkpoint equipped with a telephone connection. An approximate diagram of a "dry" snow dump is shown in Figures 1-3.

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7. Quarry work

8. Environmental protection during the construction and reconstruction of artificial structures

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