Characteristics of the security group for heating a private house. Closed heating in a private house. How a safety valve works

A safety group for heating with an expansion tank is a set of units that perform a protective function. They not only prevent the occurrence of an emergency, but also protect the heating system from breakdowns. You can buy such a block in a specialized store or make it yourself. The latter option is more complex, but less expensive.

If you want to save on similar unit then you can make your own

Block device

The safety block for the heating system includes 3 separate devices, which are located in a special collector. The group consists of the following devices:

1. Pressure gauge. This simple and frequently used device helps to control the coolant pressure and maintain it at a safe level.
2. Air vent. It is used to remove air from the coolant in the heating system. The device works in automatic mode.
3. Safety valve . It is used to monitor the pressure in the system. If the set parameter is exceeded, the valve will open and part of the coolant will be removed from the system.

All these components are installed in specially designated places of the collector. The entire safety group is connected to the equipment using a threaded coupling.

In this video you will learn how to tie the boiler

Operating principle

All work on the installation of a safety group in a closed heating system must be carried out by highly qualified specialists. Only they will be able to connect the devices correctly and set them up properly. If everything is done correctly, then The security group will work like this:

1. There is an emergency in the heating system. In this case, the movement of the coolant stops and the pressure begins to rise rapidly.
2. Part of the steam passes into the automatic air vent. A special float is built into it, which catches even the smallest air bubbles.
3. Once this has happened, the float drops and opens the valve.
4. The steam is released to the outside and quickly reduces the pressure in the installation.
5. If the air vent could not cope with the pressure on its own and its indicator continues to grow, then it works safety valve.
6. It opens and drains the coolant until the pressure returns to normal.

If any emergency occurs, the security team will protect you and your heating

Structural elements

The scheme of the heating safety group provides for the use of all structural elements. Otherwise, the unit will not function properly, which can lead to various breakdowns and accidents.

Accurate pressure gauge

This device is designed to measure pressure (in atmospheres or bar) and provide instant results. To do this, a scale is graduated on the pressure gauge and there are two arrows. One of them shows the pressure in the heating system, and the second - the limit value, which is set during the setting.

The device can measure any pressure, which is in the range from 4 to 10 bar. These indicators are quite sufficient, since standard value may vary within the following limits:

1. For pipelines of heating systems installed in apartment buildings, - 1.5 bar.
2. In the suburban one-story buildings- from 2 to 3 bar.

Mayevsky crane

An automatic air vent must be installed in the heating security system of a private house and a city apartment. It is best to do this at the highest possible height. This feature is due to the fact that air is lighter than the coolant. It moves up and accumulates there, hindering correct work equipment.

Air may appear due to the following factors:

1. Rubber seals Low quality or premature wear.
2. The first start-up of the installation and filling the pipes with coolant.
3. Corrosion formation inside the lines of the device.
4. Incorrect installation or non-observance of tightness conditions.
5. Drinking water.

Such a faucet protects your heating system from the ingress of various dirt.

Mayevsky's crane is designed in such a way that the smallest particles of dirt cannot get into the air chamber. The air vent is assembled from the following parts:

• case with cover;
• jet;
• float;
• spool;
• holder;
• body and valve sealing rings;
• cork;
• spring.

Safety valve

During operation of the heating system, an increase in the volume of the coolant is compensated by an expansion tank, which is mounted on top of heating devices and pipes. The user independently sets the desired outlet temperature, which leads to a change in the liquid level in the expansion tank.

In most cases, the performance of this node remains effective for a long time. As wear increases, the likelihood of any breakdown increases. It is absolutely impossible to determine the problem visually, since its root is hidden inside the pipeline. Such a malfunction will lead to a rapid increase in pressure and the destruction of the nodes of the heating system. To combat this phenomenon, a safety valve is used. It is installed together with other parts of the safety group and protects the device from damage. In addition, the owner of the dwelling will see the discharge of liquid, which will confirm the presence of a problem.

Before starting operation, it is necessary to check the safety valve for operability. You can do this in the following way:

1. The handle, which is located at the top, turns in the indicated direction and opens the water.
2. Then the same actions are done in the opposite direction.
3. If the liquid still flows out, then it is necessary to open and close the safety valve several times in a row.
4. If the manipulations performed did not give the desired result, then the valve is broken and must be replaced with a new one.

Stages of self-assembly

You can assemble the safety group for the heating system yourself. For this you will need high costs time and Money. If everything is done correctly, the unit will work perfectly and protect equipment from breakdowns, as well as emergency situations.

Connection rules

Before proceeding to self-assembly security block, you need to study in detail the advice of professionals. They help newbies avoid a large number mistakes and make it real reliable design.

Do not forget to strictly follow the instructions when connecting a security group

General Tips by connection:

1. It is best to install the protective block on the supply pipeline located at the outlet of the device.
2. You can place the unit at a distance of at least 50 centimeters from the heat source.
3. On the section of the pipeline where it is mounted protective device, there must be no foreign parts (tees with a branch, taps).
4. Professionals do not recommend installing a safety group on metal-plastic or polypropylene pipes, as they can be deformed under the influence of heated air. The best option will use a metal piece.
5. The automatic air vent is fixed only in a vertical position.
6. The safety valve can be connected flexible hose through which excess liquid can flow into the bottle or onto the floor.

Selection and purchase of components

Ready-made security blocks are quite expensive, so it is best to purchase its individual components. Such little trick help cut costs in half.

When choosing parts the following tips should be followed:

1. Do not buy the cheapest safety valves that were made in China. Such products will quickly fail and will not relieve pressure.
2. All pressure gauges of Asian origin give incorrect readings. This is due to the poor quality of materials and incorrect graduation.
3. It is better not to use an angle type air vent, as it creates additional resistance to the escaping steam.
4. The safety valve should be selected based on the operating pressure of the installed boiler. Such information can be found in technical passport supplied with the instrument.
5. The crosspiece is better to choose from high-quality brass.

During the work, you will need some materials and tools. They can be bought at any hardware store or rent from friends.

Items must include:

• adjustable wrench;
• gas keys;
• union;
• cross;
• adapters;
• squares with outer and internal thread;
• any material for sealing joints (sanitary flax, special tapes, and others);
• sealant.

Operating procedure

As soon as everything preparatory stages have been completed, you can begin to assemble the safety block. This work is done in a few simple steps:

1. Plumbing linen is carefully wound onto the thread of the squares. It is important to lay the material evenly, without gaps.
2. For better fixation of the connection, a thin layer of sealant is applied.
3. The squares are attached to the cross with a wrench.
4. Then a pressure gauge, a Mayevsky crane and a safety valve are mounted. If they have a different diameter, then use suitable adapters.
5. All joints are carefully treated with sealant.
6. The protective block is tested for operability. During the inspection, detected leaks and other defects are eliminated.

Safety

When installing the unit and operating it, it is important to observe simple precautions. They will not only help maintain health, but also reduce the risk of injury. varying degrees gravity.

Among the main rules are the following:

1. You need to install the security system in such a place that you can easily approach it and eliminate small breakdowns.
2. The components of the safety unit must not interfere with the operation of the heating system. Otherwise, there is a high probability of breakdowns.
3. Structural parts can become very hot during operation. Because of this, you need to be extremely careful not to touch hot elements. If you neglect this rule, you can get a pretty severe burn.
4. In the event of an emergency, turn off the device immediately. This will protect it from further damage and help reduce the risk of injury.
5. Any repair work can only be carried out with the equipment turned off and cooled down.

Installing a safety block for a heating system is a rather complicated undertaking that requires significant time and financial costs. At right approach to the point and following all the recommendations of professionals, you can simplify the work and complete it as soon as possible.

1. Purpose and principle of operation
2. Rating popular models
3. We assemble a security group with our own hands
4. Installation in a heating system

During the operation of the heating system, there is a possibility of emergency situations leading to an increase in pressure. In order to prevent rupture of pipes, leakage of valves or failure of other devices, a safety group for heating is installed. It allows you to control the pressure and, in case of reaching dangerous values, produces an emergency discharge of the coolant.

In this article, we will talk in detail about what a boiler safety group is, why it is needed and how it works, which model to choose from those on the market and how to make it yourself, as well as how to install it correctly.

Purpose and principle of operation

Any heating system is under pressure. There is a safe range of values ​​that every properly configured and functioning heating system must fall within during the heating and cooling cycles. For low-rise country houses usually it is 1-2 bars. With more high values, heaters, for example, such as can fail.

Photo 1: Appearance security groups and element assignments

In the event of an emergency, such as overheating of a hot water boiler, the pressure in the system begins to rise. This is due to the fact that the coolant is heated above allowable temperature. As you know, the liquid expands when heated, and since there is no reserve for emergency expansion in a closed heating system, the pressure of the coolant increases. As a result, this can lead to rupture of pipes, breakage of the boiler or other elements.

In order to control the pressure and reset it in the event of an accident to safe values, a safety group is used. heating boiler. Let's look at how it works and what blocks it consists of:

Automatic air vent

Air in the heating system is highly undesirable. Its presence in the coolant leads to the appearance of such an unpleasant phenomenon as cavitation. It contributes to the premature failure of various elements and noise during operation. However, air inevitably gets inside during the pouring stage, mixing with the coolant. Also at high temperatures coolant, steam bubbles naturally form in it. In order to reduce the airiness, an air vent is needed.

pressure gauge

With it, the owner can exercise visual control over the pressure in the system. Often, for ease of control, additional scales are applied to it, indicating the boundaries of the working pressure and its minimum and maximum values.

Safety valve

It discharges the coolant, thereby reducing the pressure in the system. Usually valves with a threshold value of 3 bar are installed on the safety group, which corresponds to the maximum allowable working pressure modern appliances heating, such as. The direction of the coolant ejection is usually indicated by an arrow on the body. It is necessary to periodically check the operability of the valve by forcibly opening it with a special handle. If he is out of work for a long time, various deposits can clog his mechanisms and at the right time he will not work.

Advice: Should provide special nozzle with a tube on the hole for discharge. The other end should be lowered into the bottle. This will allow you, by the presence of liquid in the tank, to understand whether the valve actuated in your absence or not.

All three devices are usually mounted on a common steel or cast console with a common connecting hole with a diameter of 1 inch. To insulate a hot surface, many manufacturers cover metal parts with a protective casing made of polyurethane.

Rating of popular models

Among the companies producing safety fittings for boiler rooms, two manufacturers are especially popular. Let's take a look at their products:

Security group "Watts"

Watts manufactures wide range of elements of the heating system, including safety groups of the KSG series for heating boilers. The line includes models on a steel, cast brass or cast iron console, standard and compact. Some blocks are equipped with protective heat-insulating casings.

All models of the Watts KSG series have a 3 bar safety valve. Connection to the heating system is made through a 1 inch female threaded hole. The lineup designed to work with hot water boilers power from 50 to 200 kW. Prices for the Watts KSG models range from 2,000 to 6,000 rubles.

Valtec Security Group

The Valtec company is also a manufacturer of protective fittings for heating systems that is in demand among consumers. It manufactures safety groups for both boilers (VT 460) and expansion tanks (VT 495) mounted on hollow wall brackets.

The Valtec VT 460 safety group is made in a compact brass case and is designed for boilers, boilers and DHW systems. The model is designed to work with household heating devices up to 44 kW and a maximum pressure of 3 bar, such as . On average, such a device can be bought for 1700 rubles.

As you can see, the prices for safety fittings are far from low, so many people make them with their own hands. This process is not at all complicated, so it is quite possible to assemble a security group yourself at home.

We assemble a security group with our own hands

Before you start making a security group with your own hands, you need to purchase the necessary components and prepare tools and materials. So, for work we need:

• safety valve;
• manometer;
• air vent;
• two corners from inside and external thread;
• cross;
• nipple;
• adapters;
• two gas keys;
• sealing agent.

Assembly of the security group begins by attaching the corners to the cross. To do this, small strands of flax are wound onto the threaded connection in a clockwise direction, evenly covering the surface of the thread. Then a small layer of sealant is applied over the linen and the corners are screwed into the cross opposite each other using wrenches. After that, a pressure gauge, an air vent and a safety valve are installed using the same technology. For joining parts different diameter adapters are used.

After you have assembled the safety group, it must be pressure checked for the absence of leaks and the performance of all its elements. The total cost of a home-made block is about 2 times lower than factory analogues.

More about the process self-manufacturing security groups, see the following video:

The heating safety group is a mechanism that consists of a whole set of devices. Thanks to their well-coordinated work, trouble-free operation of the system is ensured, as well as full control of the pressure in the coolant.

What parts does the heating system consist of?

When an emergency occurs in a private house or fails expansion tank, then in heating system pressure rises sharply. This can lead to an explosion in the pipe, as well as damage to the heat exchanger of the heating tank. Of course, each person cares about heating a private house. The safety group, in the event of a breakdown, will compensate and also prevent airing of the system. It works in automatic mode and tries to quickly relieve excess pressure.

The safety group includes a metal case, which has a pressure gauge installed here, as well as an air vent.

Principle of operation

If certain situations arose, and could not compensate for the expansion of the coolant in time, then in this case the safety valve mechanism will work. The heating safety group will open the way to release excess coolant. Unwanted air can escape through the air vent.

To prevent a person from being burned during a sudden opening check valve and ejection of excess coolant, it is necessary to connect a drain pipe. It must be directed to the sewer system. Many people believe that there will be little liquid left in the system when the relief valve is activated. But this opinion is erroneous, because in most cases, in order to normalize the pressure, the system dumps no more than 120 grams of coolant.

How to properly set a security group

Today they are in great demand for In most cases, they already have a security group for the heating system. In a floor boiler, especially if it is from a domestic manufacturer, there is no such unique device. That is why buyers should think about additional installation boiler systems. In order for it to work correctly and properly, the installation process must be trusted only by qualified specialists. Only they will be able to set all parameters and settings. If errors or oversights are made during installation and connection, the heating safety group will not work correctly.

In most cases, installation is carried out to the boiler on the supply line. Most optimal distance is about 1.5 meters, because it is in this position that the pressure gauge will be able to control the pressure in the system.

Common Instructions for Installing a Security Group

Each manufacturer that produces such equipment prescribes all the installation rules in the instructions. But there are common regulations, where all the installation rules are clearly described.

• which are located in the heating system must be installed on the supply pipeline. They are mounted right next to the boiler. A certain level of power is taken into account in order to cut and duplicate these devices.
• In a system where there is hot water valves must be installed at the outlet. In most cases, this is the highest point on the boiler.
• No devices should be placed between valves and main pipes.

The heating safety group in the system plays an important role during the operation of the boiler. To ensure complete security, care must be taken to correct installation this system.

One of the key links in the water heating system is security group or, as it is also called, the security block. This is a mechanism, which is a set of devices that ensure trouble-free operation of the system and control the pressure of the coolant. In the event of an emergency (for example, failure of the expansion tank), in the heating system the pressure will increase sharply, due to which the pipe may burst or the heat exchanger of the heating boiler may fail. To compensate for excess pressure and prevent “airing” of the system, it is connected to work security group. It automatically relieves excess pressure, and thus does not allow it to exceed the specified rate, while maintaining the efficiency of the heating system.

Security group consists of a metal case with threaded connections, on which a pressure gauge, air vent and safety valve are installed.

• Pressure gauge. A measuring device that provides visual control over the pressure and temperature in the heating system. It must be remembered that the optimal. For most heating appliances a value of 1.5 - 2 atmospheres is considered.
• Air vent. Automatically bleeds excess air from the system. With an increase in the pressure in the heating system (for example, when the coolant boils, accompanied by the release of hot air that can destroy the system), it automatically removes excess air from it.
• Safety valve. Designed to discharge excess fluid from a closed system, if the coolant expands when heated and creates excess pressure. The most sensitive point of the heating system is the boiler heat exchanger, so the safety valve must be selected with the same response threshold, which is the maximum allowable during operation. heating equipment(this parameter is specified in the boiler passport).

How does the security group work in the heating system

If for some reason the expansion tank did not compensate for the expansion of the coolant, then the pressure inside the system will increase, at some point the safety valve mechanism is activated and a path is opened for the exit of excess coolant, and excess air comes out through the air vent. To avoid burns during the sudden opening of the check valve and the release of excess coolant, a drain pipe is connected to its outlet, which is sent to the sewerage system. It should not be thought that when the safety valve is activated, the system loses a lot of fluid. As a rule, to normalize the pressure, it is required to dump no more than 100 grams of coolant.

Installing a security group for heating

Wall-mounted heating boilers are usually produced already with a safety unit, and therefore it is not necessary to install it additionally. AT floor standing boilers, especially domestic manufacturers, there are no such devices, so they will have to be additionally installed in the heating system. In order for the safety group to function properly and be able to adequately respond to the critical parameters of the heating system, the installation must be entrusted to a specialist. Any oversights and imperfections during installation are unacceptable and make the very existence of this protection system meaningless.

Usually setting a security group performed immediately after the boiler on the supply line at a distance of 1-1.5 meters from it. With this arrangement, it is convenient to control the pressure on the pressure gauge in the heating system.

On the pipeline section from the heating boiler to the safety unit, it is not allowed to install stop valves, filters and other elements that can reduce its flow area.

Typically, the pressure gauge indicates the maximum pressure (3 atm.). The red arrow must be set to a mark that corresponds to the maximum recommended pressure of 2 atmospheres. Above 2 atmospheres, most heating boilers are not recommended to be operated. This parameter is also indicated in the passport of the heating boiler.

Any device that heats and works under pressure immediately falls into the category heightened danger. However, a person cannot always control the operation of the boiler room (temperature, serviceability of parts, pressure). In this regard, the safety group is considered the most important element that automatically ensures the health and safety of the entire heat supply system. She represents combined device or a whole mechanism consisting of a number of different devices.

Peculiarities

Previously, throttle washers were installed to control the pressure of water in home heating systems. With their help, it was possible to achieve an increase hydraulic resistance. But production does not stand still, so now such devices have faded into the background.

Emergencies in heating systems, as a rule, occur due to excessive pressure or excessive heating of the boiler. In these cases, the consequences can be not only unpleasant, but even dangerous: boiler rupture, complete system failure, coolant leakage, flooding or fire. It is in order to eliminate the likelihood of such failures that a safety block is used, with the help of which the right pressure thermal carrier. All modern devices This type automatically regulates both temperature and pressure.

You can mount this system on any kind of heating equipment, but it is not always necessary. Some boilers have their own pretty high level security (for example, those that burn diesel fuel or natural gas). In turn, solid fuel sources absolutely need a safety block.

Principle of operation

Each heating system has its own specific maximum pressure values. This is directly affected by the degree of heating and cooling of the liquid that is in the network. As described above, due to the fact that the pressure begins to exceed the norm, significant damage can occur. To understand how the safety unit helps to avoid the consequences of emergencies, it is worth considering the principle of its operation.

The set of parts of the security unit may vary depending on the purpose for which the main unit is used, but in the basic configuration, the system contains only three modules that are built into the housing. This is a pressure gauge, an air vent (Maevsky tap) and a safety valve.

Let us examine in more detail the purpose of all three elements.

• The manometer is measuring device, with which you can quickly control the pressure indicators. Its most important function is to determine the most accurate data. But, like any device, it has certain errors. Measuring units in pressure gauges are either bars or atmospheres, but the first option remains the most popular.

For each heating system, there are those pressure values ​​\u200b\u200bthat are the maximum allowable. The norm is a pressure indicator of 1.5 atmospheres.

• An automatic air vent is used to remove excess air in the system. Usually this part is made of brass. As you know, there should be no air in any heating system. It accumulates for several reasons. It could be setting rubber seals poor quality, blockage inside the pipeline, improper installation of the heating system. Also, the water that enters the system contains a sufficient amount of oxygen. It is he who contributes to the formation of traffic jams from the air.

Another function of this part is that it throws out portions of steam that are formed in case of overheating of the boiler.

• The safety valve plays an important role. It is necessary to eliminate excess fluid from a closed system. In other words, it serves to protect in the event that the automatic tap does not work. For the production of this element, a brass alloy is used. It consists of two parts: a steel spring and a membrane. The coolant is discharged using a valve in such a way that it does not fall on a person. The use of a fuse is especially relevant in systems that are equipped with steam boilers.

As can be understood from the descriptions, each part of the safety block performs its own specific functions. Elements can be located separately, in different parts pipeline, and be in a single bundle. There is also another option for completing the system. A hydraulic shock absorber is added to it, which protects the pressure gauge from the effects of the environment.

The equipment as a whole works according to a certain simple scheme. If for some reason the expansion tank cannot compensate for the expansion of the coolant, and closed system exposed high pressure, then the pressure also increases in the bowels of the equipment. At this point, the safety valve is activated. Its spring is compressed, the valve opens. So the excess coolant gets the opportunity to exit, excess air exits through the air vent.

It should be noted that the use of this group is especially necessary in private houses and apartments in which old-style boiler rooms or gas boilers are installed.

This is due to the fact that in such systems there is often too little draft inside the chimney. In the pipeline itself, the pressure can also become either too low or too high. Due to such problems, gas contamination of the room is possible.

Installation

As a rule, the system is sold in a basic configuration with all the necessary parts and devices. You can assemble and install the security unit without much effort with your own hands. This is a pretty fast process. You may not buy ready set, but in this case, each part must be carefully selected. The cost of a home-made security group will be approximately 2 times less than a ready-made one. To install the block correctly, you need to familiarize yourself with some of the nuances of the work.

For self assembly would need:

• emergency valve;
• automatic air vent;
• manometer;
• a pair of corners (one with an internal, and the second with an external thread);
• adapters;
• cross;
• nipple;
• gas keys;
• means for sealing;

The process of assembling the structure begins with the fact that the corners are connected to the cross. At this stage, linen is used, they should cover the entire perimeter of the thread. After that, a small amount of sealant is distributed, the corners are screwed wrenches. The installation of the other three main elements also takes place.

If a safety group for heating has been purchased or already assembled, it is necessary to check for the correct operation of all its parts and make sure that there are no leaks. Then you can install the system.

You should choose a place for installation so that you can easily see the readings of the pressure gauge. In addition, there must be no other elements between the boiler and the safety unit, as this may contribute to an accident.

The crane should also not be located in front of the structure. This error very common. If it is allowed, the group will not be able to fulfill its intended purpose.

There are two ways to mount a security group:

• mounting on the sleeve coming from the boiler;
• by cutting into the pipeline, which is located at the outlet of the heat generator.

It is worth connecting a plastic tube to the emergency valve so that the other end is connected to a container or directly to the sewer. Thanks to this, the use of the equipment will become even safer. When installing, it should also be noted that the safety valve and air vent must be placed in a vertical position. Upon completion of installation, the safety group is activated using a cap on the air duct. It needs to be opened, but not completely removed.

So for competent installation emergency equipment, it is worth observing a few simple rules then the installation will be easy and without any consequences.

• The safety block must be installed first on the pipeline. This is the most important point to be remembered.
• The distance from the pipe to the system should be no more than 1.5 meters.
• Different shut-off valves cannot be installed, otherwise the security system will be cut off.