How to clean old plaster from walls. How to remove paint from the ceiling: cleaning methods. Preparing the premises for work

removing plaster from walls

The whole process can consist of the following steps:

Preparing the wall for demolition
Preparing for the premises
Knocking down plaster

Preparation for dismantling

In fact, this process is not so complicated. First of all, here you need to check the wall. Make a small indentation and reach brickwork. Now it is necessary to check the brick itself. If it turns out that it is not hard enough and crumbles at the slightest impact, then it is better to abandon this idea, since the end result of such a wall will look just awful.

Prepare the room

carefully prepare the room

This moment is especially important for those apartments that are already residential. All furniture located there should be removed, but the windows and the floor must be covered plastic wrap(that's just access to the windows must be open for ventilation). Such measures are absolutely not out of place, because a huge amount of dust, dirt and debris is expected. Therefore, immediately before work itself, you need to close tightly and adjoining rooms to limit the ingress of dust.
How and what to knock down plaster
For such work, tools such as a chisel and a chisel are used. It will help to make the dismantling of old plaster and a hammer. In order to remove a good layer of plaster, the chisel should be held at an angle. It is important to remove the old layers under the top, which could have accumulated a sufficient amount.
How to beat plaster to brick

we beat off the plaster to the brick photo

You need to start carrying out such work from the corner. The most important thing is to start and bring down even if not large area(Further on it will be much easier to work). Great importance It also has the origin of plaster: if it is lime or clay, then the work will go quickly. But if the wall was covered cement-sand mortar, you will have to work hard.
Interesting ideas for removing plaster
These are not all the listed tools - it is quite possible to remove the plaster with a perforator. Moreover, it must be very powerful, since an ordinary axial one will not cope with such a task. Some masters use a sharpened axe, knocking down large pieces with strong blows.
How to clean brick from plaster

removing plaster from brick

Even after the preliminary removal of the plaster has been carried out, its particles and lumps may still remain on the wall. In order to remove them, you will need to "arm yourself" with a metal brush. You need to start this work from the very top, so as not to stain the already clean brick sections of the wall.
View of the wall from brick material can make a room really interesting. And to achieve such an effect in the interior is not at all difficult.

To finish surfaces without attachments, it needs to be prepared, which is sometimes extremely difficult. Let's try to figure out how to remove oil paint from the ceiling before plastering it and why it is needed at all. There are several ways to do this, but everything will depend on old finish.

Ceiling cleaning

Stripping old plaster

In order to bring down old plaster from the ceiling most often use a perforator chisel. But here it’s like a “double-edged sword”, because it’s not difficult to beat off with such a device, but you need to constantly keep it in your hands raised up. Therefore, if the hammer is heavy, then it will be easier to use bush hammers, an ax or a crowbar.

If you are knocking down old plaster, then the most basic thing for maximum performance is to find weaknesses. You can find such areas by randomly hitting the ceiling, and the appearance of cracks will indicate that the layer has begun to lag behind the base.
In such cases, you need to try to drive a crowbar, an ax or a chisel between the plaster and the base, then the layer will be removed in layers, which will significantly speed up the work process. When you beat off all the plaster, this will not yet mean that you can start finishing, because there is a lot of dust and, possibly, small pieces of old mortar on the main ceiling. All this must be removed with a scraper, and then cover the ceiling with a broom.

Advice. If the old plaster cannot be removed in layers, then consideration should be given to new layer apply over the old.
In this case, you will have to prepare the base by removing old paint or lime.
If you want a layer of putty, then it is not always necessary to remove the old paint, but this only applies to water-based coatings(not oil or nitro paint).
If it holds strong enough, then a coating with a deep-penetrating primer will suffice.

Cleaning the ceiling from paint

Is it possible to remove the old paint from the ceiling, leaving the plaster in place? In most cases, this does not cause any particular problems, although the process itself is quite laborious and long. The main reason for removing the old paint layer is its cracking, which, in itself, greatly simplifies the task.
But sometimes you have to carry out such an operation due to the fact that the surface is smoked or just lost its color, or maybe you need to putty the room in a new way. But this is not always easy to do, because it is extremely difficult to remove oil paint from the ceiling, which is applied to cement-sand plaster.

What happens when old oil paint is applied directly to cement mortar? And there is excellent adhesion on both sides, and the paint layer turns out to be one with the plaster! Those who have encountered this know from bitter experience that there is only one way out - either beat off all the plaster, or beat off the paint with an ax, one or two centimeters at a time and there is no other way out!
In hardware stores, you may be advised some kind of super solvents that supposedly dissolve the coating within 30 minutes or several hours - do not believe this, because you can remove oil paint from the ceiling either with plaster or by scraping it off by a centimeter! You may also be advised to burn a layer of paint. blowtorch. Well, it is possible, but imagine the consequences of combustion - soot and a corrosive smell that cannot be removed even in a few weeks!
If such a situation has arisen, when it is extremely difficult to remove the old paint, then maybe you should think about what options will help you do without it? But such opportunities exist, but they are quite conditioned.

Alternative

Are there ways to remove old paint from a ceiling if it won't come off? Don't shoot at all. It can simply be camouflaged with other materials.
To do this, you can use any design suspended ceilings, but here the question may arise about the height of the room or the cost of such a design. The cheapest will be ceilings made of PVC panels installed on wooden crate, and in depth, the frame, together with the lining, will take only 3 cm minimum (20 mm - rail and 5-8 mm - PVC panel).
You can also save on the depth of the frame by installing any (textile or PVC) stretch ceilings. Of course, it will be more expensive than panels, but a correctly chosen baguette allows you to fall only 3 cm below the main ceiling. It will take more space, because only the profile has a thickness of 25 mm, and if you add more GKL and the thickness of the putty ...

You can make a simple calculation of how much money, time and labor you will spend on chipping off old plaster and / or removing paint, and how much on installing PVC panels or a stretch ceiling. When everything is fully calculated, then you will be convinced that the lining will cost you less, and stretch ceiling, if more expensive, then very slightly. Many people want to remove old plaster and paint precisely because they consider this option the cheapest, but you can see for yourself that this is not the case.

Conclusion

When you are thinking about how to remove oil paint from a ceiling or how to knock old plaster off it, always keep in mind: firstly, this is not always the best cheap option repair and, secondly, not always the best, even in your case. Alternative finishing with suspended structures has long supplanted all other methods of repair, moreover, quite reasonably.

When carrying out repair work, many people have questions - do I need to remove the old plaster? And if so, how to remove the plaster from the wall quickly? To answer these questions, you need to know when plaster removal is required, what tools are needed for this work, and of course, knowledge of some methods of such work will not interfere. Let's figure it out.

Analyzing old plaster

There are two ways to remove old, unusable plaster: partial and full-scale. In the first case, we are talking about local cleaning, when the main area of the layer is kept well, and only in some areas serious damage and shedding are noticeable. In the second, it is necessary to resort to larger-scale work and remove the entire layer. Before removing the plaster from the wall, it is very important to decide which case is typical in your situation.

The easiest way to check which areas need local repairs is as follows: you need to pick up a trowel or a small hammer and walk over the entire surface with its handle. In those places where a deaf sound will be noticed or the plaster itself will disappear, it is accordingly necessary to carry out a stripping and re-plastering. Also, problem areas are checked by detecting pockets of fungus development or moisture seepage.

It is even easier to determine the need for full-scale dismantling. If a old layer has already served its purpose, it will fall off along with the wallpaper. In this case, you will need to pick up a tool and proceed with the operation of cleaning the wall surface from old plaster.

What tool to use to remove the old layer?

Before removing the old plaster from the walls, arm yourself with the appropriate set of tools. In fact, its quantity and name will directly depend on the degree of wear. But in order to cover the entire section related to the dismantling of the old layer, we will list the most popular ones.

To remove we may need:

Goggles and respirator;
Gloves - rubber or canvas;
Ax / hammer / small sledgehammer;
Chisel - it is best to take with a long handle;
Scraper / spatula;
Metal brush;
Machine for removing old plaster;
Perforator.

Once again, we note that this list may not be typical for your case.

How is plaster removed?

In this section, we will consider the question of how to remove old plaster from walls when it comes to complex dismantling.

First you need to moisten the entire surface with water. It is advisable to use a warm, heated liquid to speed up the process itself. Water is needed not only to soften the old layer, but also to eliminate dust during work. If during the dismantling process some areas begin to dry out, you can safely re-treat them with liquid. You should not worry about the condition of the main surface - you definitely won’t harm it, but abundant wetting of the plaster layer itself will greatly simplify the work. More options .

Removing old plaster

Let us now find out how to remove plaster from the walls, delving into the process itself. Dismantling begins with tapping the surface: from bottom to top. To do this, you can use the handle of a trowel or hammer. Problematic pieces will immediately fall off the wall. To increase the scale of shedding, pry off the fallen off area with a spatula. So you can remove the plaster in whole layers. If this does not work out, you will have to pick up heavier equipment, for example, a puncher. If this does not help to solve the issue and the plaster stubbornly does not want to fall off, a grinder is used with special nozzles. Entire sectors are cut out with it over the entire surface, after which they are cleaned.

There is another way to remove old plaster from the walls, but in this case you need specialized electrical equipment. It's about polishing. But there is no need to talk about withdrawal as such. After all, when grinding, it simply erases. The whole process is based on the use of a special machine with abrasive discs. This work is very dusty, therefore, as it is performed, it is necessary to constantly moisten the surface to be treated.

The final stage of processing is the cleaning of the wall metal brushes. This completes the removal of plaster from the walls, and the process proceeds to preparing the surface for further finishing.

The hardest part of the renovation is preparatory work. Dismantling old communications and decoration is a very laborious task. Among those who have gone through all the stages of repair, there is an opinion that the most unpleasant is the work of removing the old finish, because this process is very dusty and takes a lot of time. After reading this article, you will learn how to clean the walls of putty and plaster, what are the ways to remove them.

Do I need to remove the old layer of putty?

Before proceeding with the dismantling of the old finish, you should make sure that this procedure is necessary. Perhaps not the entire surface of the walls will need to be dismantled. In order to determine whether the old coating is ready to continue to serve well, it is necessary to conduct a tapping test:

If the old putty was of high quality and performs all its functions, when tapping an object on the surface, it should not make dull sounds.
If you still hear such a sound, then the old layer must be removed from this area. More strong blows on the wall with a spatula handle or a hammer, it is possible that the exfoliated areas will be removed, the putty will simply crumble.

Important! Experts say that, despite a decent test, it is still better to remove the old finish, because after a while it loses its protective functions. Even if it is firmly attached to the wall, it should be borne in mind that the new and old layer will have different characteristics, can react differently to fluctuations in temperature and humidity, which leads to detachment in the future. Therefore - if funds and opportunities allow you, completely remove the old coating before starting the repair.

How to remove putty from the walls and what is needed for this, you will learn further.

Required Tools

Before proceeding with the dismantling of the old finish, you should take care of the availability of all necessary tools and materials. For work you may need:

Putty knife. With it, it is very convenient to remove a layer of old plaster. You can get tools different sizes. For hard-to-reach places you can use a narrow spatula, for large area is suitable large wide spatula.

Important! A tool for these purposes should be chosen solid - flexible models may not be able to cope with the task. It is important to choose a spatula for convenience, it should lie comfortably in your hand.

Chisel. It is used when shock method removal complete with hammer.
A hammer. You will need this tool to hit the chisel. This will help to beat off the old layer of plaster step by step.
Bulgarian or perforator. These tools are used when simpler and easier methods have proven ineffective.
Starch. It will be needed when using chemical method removal of the coating, namely to soften the old layer.
A container for diluting a solution to soften the surface. It can be a large bucket, basin, bowl. Often paint buckets are used.
Rag, sponge or spray bottle. They are necessary for applying a softening solution. It is most convenient and most effective to use a large spray gun. In a relatively short time, it will be able to cover a large area, it will evenly wet the surface with a solution.
Ladder. Since you will need to work at height, it is best to have a stepladder available. Of course, you can use a table or a stool, however, using a ladder is safer and more reliable.
Sandpaper. After you managed to remove old putty from the walls, you need to sand the walls, prepare them for repair work. To do this, you will need sandpaper - it will smooth out all the small transitions and irregularities, and make it possible to make the walls even.

At first glance, it seems that dismantling the old finish requires too many tools and inventory, but this is not so. It may turn out that the old coating can be easily removed the first time, after applying the simplest method. Then you don't have to use all the tools. It is also possible that you immediately want to attract “heavy artillery” and use a power tool to do the job with high quality and for sure.

Important! Before proceeding with dismantling, in addition to preparing tools, it is worth purchasing a protective mask and goggles, not to mention clothing. This process- incredibly dusty, be sure to provide protection for the eyes and respiratory system.

Ways to remove old wall decoration

If you are determined and ready to get to work, then check out all existing ways removal of old plaster. It is worth dwelling on each of them in detail, so you will understand the algorithm of actions and understand how to remove old putty and plaster from the walls.

Chemical removal method

The chemical method of removal consists in wetting the wall surface with the prepared solution. A layer of plaster or putty gets wet, soaked with water, the surface becomes more porous and the old finish becomes pliable for removal.

From what, and in fact, how to prepare a solution? For this you need:

In a prepared container, dilute water and starch, based on the ratio of 2 tablespoons of starch to 1 liter of water.
Apply the solution to the wall with a sponge, cloth or spray gun.

Important! If the putty layer is not more than 3 millimeters, you can use a spray gun, and if it is thicker, then you should use a rag and moisten the surface with plenty of water.

Let the water soak the coating, leave for about 20 minutes.
After this time, take a hard metal spatula and proceed to remove the plaster.
You can work with the entire surface or in sections - choose the method that is most convenient for you.
Before washing the putty, it is worth removing small residues with sandpaper.
Now you can complete the final step - wash the walls with water.

Important! At chemical method removal, some experts recommend using a solution based on blue vitriol. For 1 liter of water, add 50 milliliters of copper sulfate. This method is more effective than removal with a starch solution.

It happens that the layer of plaster is quite large, and this method turns out to be ineffective. In this case, it is worth considering other ways to remove wall decoration.

Impact removal method

This method of removing finishes from the walls consists in hitting a chisel with a hammer against the wall. It is best to start work from an area where the old coating has slightly peeled off or swelled.

When working, it is necessary to hold the chisel at an angle of 45 degrees to the wall and strike its handle with a hammer. From these manipulations, the plaster will fly off the wall. This method is very laborious and exhausting. It is best to resort to it if you need to clean a small section of the wall.

If the work area is too large, the plaster is difficult to remove and simple ways removal did not help, then serious artillery is indispensable. It is worth using power tools.

Mechanical removal method

It's time to figure out how to remove old putty and plaster from walls using radical methods. This method is the most dusty and dirty, but ideally removes the old finish layer.

The main tool that can cope with this task is a perforator. However, it is worth taking care of choosing the right nozzle. For these purposes, use a nozzle in the form of a chisel or spatula.
On the puncher, you must select the mode of impact or chiselling. Thus, you will do all the same manipulations as in the case of working with a chisel and hammer, however, thanks to a power tool, the work will go much faster and more efficiently, you will not have to exert extra effort. The tool will do all the work for you.
If the plaster turned out to be incredibly strong and resistant to removal, it is worth using a grinder. Using diamond disc or a diamond cup, you can easily remove any layer of coating.

Important! Remember that removing the plaster layer with a grinder is an incredibly dusty job, so take care to protect your respiratory tract. Use a special mask and a construction vacuum cleaner when working.

Finishing the brickwork of a house or apartment with plaster is the most common option. With proper care, plaster will last at least 20 years. But what to do if cracks appear on the surface? How to quickly remove the plaster from the walls and repair them, we will tell you in more detail.

A solid foundation is the key to success

Before finishing, check the reliability of the old coating. In some cases, you will not have to completely remove the dilapidated layer, only its repair will be required. How to clean the wall from plaster if the old one is cracked? Why can't you apply a new one right away? The base of the finish must be strong, otherwise the new coating will quickly fall off in pieces along with the old one.

Tap the masonry surface. If the sound is deaf, then the layer is holding well and has not moved away from brick wall. In places where the sound is sonorous finish with old masonry will have to be removed.

You will need the following tools to remove plaster:

Wide spatula;
An ax or any tool that has a V-shaped working surface;
A hammer;
Skins of different numbers;
Spray bottle with water.

In addition to the tool, you need to buy materials:

plaster;
Primer.

Primer recommend acrylic deep penetration or contact.
Of the well-known brands, it is worth highlighting: Weber Veonit, Belinka, Lakra, Ceresit, Knauf. Price for 1 liter from 120 rubles.
The compositions have proven themselves in work, user reviews of the coating are mostly positive.

Photos increase, click!

Six steps to the finish

The removal of plaster from the walls is carried out until the moment when the old finish leaves a layer that is firmly adhered to the masonry. All loose parts are removed. The work is painstaking and time-consuming, so we recommend that you be patient.

Below is step-by-step instruction, adhering to which a beginner can clean the walls of dilapidated finishes, and the video in the article will help you deal with the work in more detail:

First step.

Before removing the old plaster, it is necessary to clean the surface of the old finish coat. You can remove the paint with a wide spatula, after wetting the old composition with water. Since water is quickly absorbed and dries to the surface, it is constantly sprayed from a spray bottle. Readers ask how to remove plaster from a wall without dust, dirt. Use more water, so there will be less dust indoors during operation.

Second step.

We take tools for removing plaster and go along the masonry. Tap the brick surface with a hammer. In loose places, the plaster itself crumbles, scrape off the remnants with a spatula, after soaking them with water. In places of formation of cracks, we tap more carefully. If the old layer is cracked, but the adhesion is tight with the brick, then we expand the gap. To do this, we tap its edges with a hammer and expand the hole with an ax.

If there are no gaps, but the layer of the old finish is too thick, then it is also better to remove it.
A thick layer of old mortar will fall off due to moisture after you apply a new one.

Third step.

We coat the cracks with a primer in two layers, let them dry. Inside we lay a new solution, level it to the level of the wall. The remaining masonry surfaces are primed and covered with a thin layer of plaster.

Fourth step.

After drying, we level the wall from minor flaws with the help of a skin. The skin is taken first with large grains, gradually moving to the smallest - polishing.

Fifth step.

The finished walls are covered with a primer in two more layers. The first layer must dry before applying the second. On the packaging of each manufacturer, the consumption of the primer and the drying time at different temperatures and humidity in the room are indicated.

Sixth step.

Apply primer on top top coat: paint, wallpaper.

Important! Direct use decorative composition topcoat is not required. decorative mixture applied to the old one, only after completely cleaning the surface. New and old compositions may not be in good contact with each other, and the finish will fall off over time and the wall plaster will be wasted. How to withdraw decorative plaster questions should not arise from the walls, since the instructions for the usual and other species are of the same type. If you have to remove the entire old plaster, then make the job easier with a puncher. Perforator nozzles are used depending on the thickness and strength of the old layer. But be careful not to damage the brickwork!