Carbine - famous name, like an earring, but most of us hear the name lanyard and thimble for the first time. Not everyone knows such specific objects, so information about them will not hurt anyone. You have to meet with them when it becomes necessary to hang or fix something.
If you have a professional rigging system available, then many tasks can be solved much faster than with conventional improvised means. Any hardware store offers various cable clamps, which will allow you to securely fasten the whip when forming a loop at the end of the cable using a lanyard, pull the cable with the necessary force.
Lanyard
This is a commonly used cable tensioner, or screw stretching device. It usually consists of three parts: a pair of screws and a housing. By rotating the body of the lanyard, tension occurs. Depending on the need to tighten the cable or relax, the lanyard is equipped with right and left threads, where, when the body rotates, the screws approach each other, or unscrew, moving away from each other. At the end of the screws there can be locking forks, hooks, rings. Steel, as a rule, for the manufacture of turnbuckles, high-alloy, high-quality steel is used, with protective coating nickel or zinc. This prevents the device from rusting.
Yachtsmen and installers know best about such a device. In everyday life, there are many options for using this device. For example, when mounting the antenna on the roof, when attaching lamps and installing fences.
Earring
When working with ropes and cables, earrings are often used. This is a U-shaped connecting element with a screw-in stopper (finger). Earrings are used to quickly connect several strands of cables, for fastening to brackets and lugs. Attachments are available in various sizes to suit different cable thicknesses and loads. To attach the cable to the hook, you need to make a loop at the end of it, and for this there are several types of easy-to-assemble clamps. The diameter of the cable for which the clamp is designed is indicated on the body.
Koush
To strengthen the loop, for high load cable, put a thimble inside the loop. All deformation during tension does not go to the cable, but to a drop-shaped loop stamped from metal, so that the cable does not bend and wear out less. The thimbles have various sizes. Depending on the thickness of the cable, the right one is selected. In addition to thimbles for ropes, thimbles for terminating ropes with a plastic base are produced.
Carbine
A useful addition to the set of above devices. Carabiners are used for quick coupling and disengagement of connections.
There are situations during electrification when you need to conduct electricity in a separate room. At the same time, it is not possible to lay a cable in a trench, due to the complexity of the terrain or architecture. Therefore, along with such types of outdoor laying as trays, cable channels, pipes, corrugations, fastening to the wall, there is such a type of laying as cable wiring. In this article, we will consider the technology of mounting a cable on a cable with our own hands.
Application area
According to this method, it is applicable for networks up to 1000 volts. Often cable wiring they are used in places where the organization of overhead lines does not make sense, but it is enough to throw the cable attached to the cable, and this will be enough to electrify the facility.
In this way, lighting networks and electrical wiring for sockets are carried out in warehouses, power cables in production shops, as well as between two separate buildings.
For a home master, this wiring method is of particular interest. All because with the help of simple technology it is possible to electrify outbuildings in the country. Thanks to the cable wiring, it is possible to conduct light from the house to the bathhouse, garage, barn, gazebo and other spaced at some distance along personal plot buildings and lighting fixtures.
Preparatory work
First you need to decide on the wire and its cross section. About that, we talked about in the corresponding article. After that, you need to measure the length, taking into account the entire route of wiring from the machine to the distribution panel. When choosing a cable and suspension elements, it is necessary to take into account the weight of the wire in this area, with a threefold margin of safety. Since in difficult weather conditions the load on suspended structure increases, can cause a break and blackout. Basically, a galvanized steel cable with a diameter of 4.6 to 6.8 mm is used. In cases where the length of the suspension is small, and the weight is such that it can be neglected, instead of cable wiring you can use a string (galvanized steel wire is pulled or varnished hot-rolled wire from 5 to 10 mm).
Mounting technology
First you need to fix on the selected section of the anchor and the fastening elements of the cable wiring. For the most part, these are steel plates pulled together on both sides of the wall with studs, and rings welded to them for hanging the cable. Fastening tension is done to strengthen and avoid their falling out, distributing the weight of the load evenly along the wall, and not at the fastening points.
The suspension height should not be less than 2.75 meters above the pedestrian area, and at least 6 meters above the road. All norms of overhead electrical wiring, including the distance between the supports, are indicated in the diagram:
After mounting the strings, they begin to tie the cable with a bandage. To hang cable wiring on the street, you can use plastic clamps, galvanized iron strips, galvanized knitting wire. The distance between the bandage is 50-80 cm.
When using a binding wire, it is necessary to prevent the core from cutting into the insulation; for this, a gasket is made between the bandage and the wire made of insulating material. The winding area of the bandage should be distributed as much as possible by laying 7-10 turns of the bandage. When using plastic clamps, check their performance data. Otherwise, in winter in frost or very hot summer, you will find crumbled clamps.
When laying the cable outside along the cable, it is also necessary to protect the line from the influence of the environment on the insulation, therefore it is recommended to stretch it in the corrugation, as shown in the photo below. This will then reduce the cost of operation and restoration of cable wiring.
With a short span or the absence of the possibility of attaching a cable to the cable at the installation site, it is possible to assemble the suspension on the ground. An already prepared structure can be stretched and attached.
Following our instructions, you can independently conduct electrical wiring to separate buildings in the country. We also recommend watching a useful video that shows how to make a loop on a cable with your own hands:
Rope preparation
That's all I wanted to tell you about how to install cable wiring with your own hands. As you can see, laying a cable along a cable is a rather laborious undertaking, but it is still possible home master!
nuts boltsA wedge clamp for a cable is a special device, the purpose of which is to firmly connect the cables to each other. With it, you can also make a loop at the end of the same cables. But what else do you need to know about these elements?
Why is this part in construction?
Typically, such devices are used where work is carried out with heavy loads, therefore, only high-strength and high-quality metals are always used for the manufacture of clamps. Manufacturers produce these devices strictly in accordance with the standards. The design of the clamps is very simple. They consist of two hex nuts and a steel bow. Professionals recommend installing at least three clamps on one cable, this is enough for safe and reliable fastening. If the load is higher than the clamps of your choice can withstand, then you should take a different type of this latch, and not increase the number.
For manufacturing, only high-quality and are always used. This is necessary to ensure a reliable connection at both ends of the elements. For greater reliability and strength, the clamps are often additionally covered with another protective layer. For these purposes, galvanized zinc is used. The advantage is that with its help the maximum resistance to external influences is ensured at the device. environment. It also provides excellent protection against corrosion.
Although constructive solution this device is simple, anyway, before using it, you need to read the instructions. Any tool or device has its own nuances that must be taken into account in the work. If the clamp is not installed correctly, the element may simply break off. The end of the cable is inserted into the arc and with the help of a special lock, and in this case these are hexagonal nuts, it is fixed inside. Nuts are screwed into different direction, and the cable will be between them. When fully twisted, the ends should be tightly clamped together.
Steel wire clamp - classification
Clamps are different kind. They are classified according to purpose, material used and design. It is also possible to formally denote and different length, the most popular cable clamp is 3 mm, 5 mm in diameter, but in special occasions apply sizes up to 40 mm. Each species also has different subspecies. Clamps, which are divided according to their purpose, are ordinary and reinforced, and according to the material used - steel and copper, an aluminum cable clamp is also popular, a galvanized version of steel is used in especially harsh operating conditions. Clamps, which are subdivided by design, are flat, arcuate, single and double.
Regular clips are the most common. Usually, class 2 galvanized steel is used for their manufacture. appearance such clamps resemble closed loops at the base, which have two strong bolts. This type of product is household, and it is not intended for heavy loads. The reinforced version speaks for itself, its design has been worked out more thoroughly, the shutter mechanisms have reinforcements, and therefore the scope of their application can be more responsible.
Flat types of clips are more often made of high-strength carbon steel. The surface of these devices are galvanized. Their diameter can be from 2 to 40 mm. In shape, such clamps resemble a pair of plates that are interconnected by a bolt and nut. Usually they are used for splicing steel cables or other standing rigging. They are quite suitable for creating loops at the end of the brace. Professionals recommend installing at least two clamps on one connection.
Flat clamps can also be divided into single or double. The main difference is in the number of bolts available. On single clamps, fastening takes place with one bolt, and on double clamps - with two bolts. In terms of application, such clamps are not particularly different.
Arc-shaped clamps are made of a cylinder, which is bent in an arc, and fastening takes place with the help of two bolts that are located at the ends. Devices of this type are more often used to connect metal cables, but it is quite possible to use them for making loops. This type of clamps is more related to industrial ones, they are designed for heavy loads. A typical standard arc-shaped clamp is capable of withstanding a load of about 97 kilograms.
Specialized and wedge clamps - what are their features?
Many construction works do not do without a strong clamp. Construction has always been distinguished by the presence a large number operations. You definitely need to lift something up, pull the load, and in this case it is Construction Materials, you often have to fix various objects. For such work, strong spring-loaded clamps are needed. They not only allow you to connect the cables, but you can also attach a load to them. Such devices are not very different from standard clamps.
In addition to the usual metal arc, they have a pair of levers that are equipped with movable brackets. This design solution helps to provide a high-strength and durable connection. With it, you can securely fasten any object to the cable. different thickness. AT recent times most popular among professionals wedge clamps. It is an excellent connector for copper and aluminum wires, the cross section of which can be from 35 to 100 square millimeters. Only this type of clamp is good for connecting aluminum-steel devices. Such devices consist of a body and a wedge, which is wear-resistant. For the manufacture of the body, forged cast iron steel is used, and the wedge itself can be made of bronze or various aluminum alloys.
If it is required to install aluminum or steel-aluminum wires in bolt clamps, where the sections are very large, then it is necessary to use special gaskets, which are made of soft aluminum tape. The use of such an addition in work will give the mount the greatest mechanical strength. It is important to remember that such clamps must be tightened again after ten days after installation.. The pull should be done like this. First of all, it is necessary to press the hinged part of the aluminum body, then it is necessary to introduce a steel anchor, and then the aluminum body is again introduced using a steel mechanism.
How to make do-it-yourself cable clamps?
Cable clamps are used in many industries. There is no industry where they would not find their application. But often without such a small device it is impossible to make ordinary domestic work. Especially car owners need them. You will need a small diameter metal tube, a couple of metal plates and a few bolts with nuts. metal tube it is necessary to bend the arc. The diameter of the pipe must be such that the cable that is planned to be used can enter it. A cable must be inserted into the hole in the pipe until the end appears from the outside.
Then the end must be pulled out of the pipe at a distance of 10-15 cm, then the end of the cable and the cable itself will need to be covered with plates from below and above, and the plates should be tightly connected to each other with strong bolts. This device is well suited for making loops. If you need to connect two cables to each other, then you need to pick up a tube with large diameter. It should be borne in mind that two cables must be inserted into one hole, but only in different directions. The plates are also selected taking into account the diameter of the cables. Such a clamp is always useful in household chores, just keep in mind that it is not suitable for heavy loads, but it is quite possible to try to use it as a tug.
We can safely say that almost everyone has seen this useful device like a cable tensioner. Many even know how to use this device. However, few people know that this device has a name - it is a lanyard. This word was coined by professional riggers. In our article we will talk about lanyards, their key features as well as tips for proper use.
Application of lanyards - where they are used
This type of tensioners has found wide application in the field of cargo and shipping. To date, it is impossible to imagine any heavy or oversized cargo that would be fastened without the help of lanyards. Due to the special design, the device has the ability to cope with very heavy loads, the mass of which reaches several tens of tons. Initially, craftsmen used a mechanism to connect metal and wooden structures different types and types.
The lanyard is a device that is ideal for securing loads during rigging, as well as transporting goods. For example, the mechanism will be indispensable in cases where it is required to install bulky antennas or metal structures.
Modern lanyards are made from high quality stainless steel. Due to this, the mechanisms are resistant to the destructive effects of corrosion. For amplification performance characteristics, as well as to increase the level of reliability, strength and durability of the device, they are often coated with various coatings. Galvanized lanyards are very popular, the cost of which is slightly higher. average price to similar devices.
At the same time, the cost is fully justified. The bottom line is that metal cable tensioners are usually used to secure loads from the outside, under open sky. Therefore, they are exposed to the environment. If you purchase a tool coated with zinc, then about the problems associated with deformation or destruction due to the action precipitation, you can forget forever.
When buying cable tensioners, first of all, attention should be paid to the thickness and length of the ropes and cables that require a turnbuckle to work with. Despite the fact that they are able to withstand the enormous loads created by multi-ton objects, the parameters of the lanyards themselves are compact. So, the sizes are in the range from several to tens of centimeters. By choosing the right mounting tensioner for cables, you can count on the successful fixing of the necessary objects.
Lanyard from the inside - how it works
Outwardly, the lanyard resembles a conventional clutch, which consists of several screws. The peculiarity lies in the fact that the threads with the opposite course are applied on the screws. Another important element of any lanyard is the metal base on which the screws are screwed. As a rule, the base is cylindrical in shape. However, bases are not always used. More simple and primitive models are equipped with special rings. Naturally, the metal base provides greater strength and reliability of the device. In any case, the operation of the mechanism is carried out by tightening the screws closer to the center. The result is maximum tension in cables, ropes, belts or ropes, depending on what exactly is being pulled together by a turnbuckle.
Cargo transportation and rigging is far from the only scope of tensioners. For example, turnbuckles can be used in everyday life, in particular, for piano tuning (stringing the strings to achieve a better sound), as well as, if necessary, tightening curtain fasteners.
In most cases, cable devices are made open, that is, the screws for adjusting the tension force are in sight. The body can be made by casting, welding or forging. Next stage technological process consists in milling two holes, through which you can change the force and length. Regardless of the method of production of each specific part that is part of the tensioner, the device itself is made by turning.
The design of any lanyard is represented by the following main components:
- metal case
- Two screws with opposite threads
- The head of a screw, which is made in the form of a ring, hook or fork.
It should be noted that there are also models with closed type screws that are required to ensure additional protection transported goods, because you have to spend large quantity time to loosen the screws. In addition, closed turnbuckles are in demand when working with heavy huge objects in difficult weather conditions.
Lanyards for ropes - their main types
When buying a lanyard for stretching cables, you must decide on its marking, as well as the features of each particular model. There are several types of devices for fastening goods:
- 1. O + O - rings are located on each head of the screw
- 2. C + O - there is a ring and a hook on the heads
- 3. С+С - the lanyard is presented in a configuration with two hooks
- 4. B + B - there are plugs on the screws
These are the most popular models, which are on this moment presented on the market. To increase or decrease the tension, it is necessary to rotate the screws, as a result of which they will move either from the center or towards the central part of the device. In the first case, the tension force will decrease, while the movement of the screws towards the center indicates an increase in the cable tension force. There are reinforced models called cargo turnbuckles. A feature of such devices is strong and durable steel that can withstand huge loads. Thus, cargo mechanisms weighing about 25 kilograms ensure the fastening of objects with total weight up to 90 tons.
To increase the tension, you need to turn the screws
We also note that hook-hook turnbuckles have found application in cases where the load is attached to durable products like antennas, masts, as well as cables or ropes. If you purchased a ring-to-ring type device, then a hook-shaped object is required to secure such a lanyard. Otherwise, the O-shaped tensioner cannot be fixed. The moving elements of such mechanisms have a special thread that is necessary to adjust and change the length of the cable. AT modern appliances additional devices appear, the task of which is to change the level of tension smoothness. The scope of such devices is the pulling of fiber-optic cables under small loads.
When working with lanyards of the above varieties, one should take into account the fact that their use is strictly prohibited for fixing load-bearing structures. In this case, the "fork-fork" option on the screw heads can help. A very popular and demanded version of the tensioners. Through such a device, riggers get the opportunity to as soon as possible adjust the length of the cable and the level of its tension. However, this tool is not suitable for lifting objects. Its main purpose is to belay, stretch, and also tune the suspension.
In some situations, chain turnbuckles are used, which boast a significantly longer length. Thanks to this feature, the tool can be used to grab two or even more objects in order to pull them together, setting a certain level of tension.
Proper operation of lanyards - what is the secret of successful work
It is necessary to subject the lanyard for the cable only to such loads for which it is designed. In the event of any deformation individual elements due to increased loads, it is necessary to immediately respond to what is happening: reduce the level of cable tension and replace components that have failed. Moreover, it is required to perform such actions with the utmost care and attentiveness so that the stretched cable does not destroy the mechanism and does not harm you.
Radial or side loads, significantly reduce the life of devices, since turnbuckles are not intended for testing such loads. In this regard, constant monitoring of the tool before work, during and always after is required. Any, even the smallest and seemingly insignificant deformations at first glance, are unacceptable. Choosing correct device to work with loads of appropriate dimensions and weight, you will minimize the likelihood of failure of the device.
- Lubrication
- Felt polishing
- Flushing with gasoline
- Tool run dry
One of the most common problems with tensioners is a tightly stuck turnbuckle, the screws of which can be incredibly difficult to unscrew even for physically developed men. To avoid such problems, it is necessary to use special lubricants, including those with an additive of molybdenum bisulfate or graphite, and also periodically rinse the device in clean fresh water.
As you can see, the lanyard is an excellent tool for performing complex work associated with the transportation of heavy loads, as well as their securing. BUT proper care ensures long and trouble-free operation of the mechanism.
When using metal ropes, it may be necessary to fasten them together or form loops at their ends. The clip for steel cable. What modifications exist and how to use them, we will describe below.
Purpose and design specifics
These devices are made of durable materials - it is thanks to the metal that the secure fastening capable of withstanding high loads. Structurally, the clamp consists of an arc and nuts.
It is advisable to use several clamps - professionals advise taking at least three. However, if the load is excessively high, then it is better to choose other methods of fixation and refuse to install a large number of clamps.
High-strength steel is additionally processed by galvanization. Such protective layer protects elements from corrosion, and also minimizes the impact of other external factors.
To prevent disengagement and breakage, you should learn how to use the cable clamp correctly. There is nothing complicated in this - it is enough to bring the ends under an arc and clamp them with nuts. They twist in different directions, and the rope remains in the gaps between them.
Tighten the nuts until the cable is completely clamped. If a loop is being created, then the cut end should be on top, above the solid segment, but directly below the arc. clamping element- nuts - will be from below.
Device classification
Clamps must be selected according to specific conditions their use, features of the cable used and the planned load. In terms of size, you can choose a wide variety of modifications - they can be small 3-5 mm in diameter, but there are also more voluminous ones up to 40 mm.
In everyday life, conventional structures are most often used, which are made from second-class steel after galvanization. They have a loop at the base that is clamped with bolts. However, professionals demand reinforced modifications with a more durable shutter. Therefore, they are focused on elevated level loads.
Steel or copper is used for manufacturing, although in some cases it is acceptable to use only an aluminum cable clamp. But galvanized steel will be a more expensive option, but it will allow the use of fasteners in harsh climatic zones.
The design also varies - they can be single or double, have a flat or arcuate design. The flat models have two galvanized steel plates with a diameter of 2-40 mm.
Fastening is done with bolts and nuts. Their use is effective when splicing cables and carrying out other similar manipulations. To connect, you need to put more than two devices.
Double cable clamps are distinguished by the presence of two fixing bolts, while single clamps have only one pair of “bolt-nut”. Their principle of operation is almost identical.
The curved design has cylindrical shape with an arcuate curve. There are bolts at the ends that provide fixation. Most often they are used in connecting operations, however, loop fastening is also acceptable. This is industrial version fasteners that can withstand a load of at least 97 kg.
The crimp clamp is made of aluminum alloy. It looks like an oval piece of pipe with a slight flattening on both sides. A cable is inserted into this segment, and the structure is flattened in two ways:
- percussion with a hammer;
- manually by pressing.
Specific clamp types
Since in construction, fasteners experience dynamic loads, and loads often rise to a height, spring mechanisms are used here.
Thanks to them, not only the usual fastening of cables is performed, but also the fixation of objects. Structurally, they have levers with moving brackets. As a result, the object can be fixed on the cable, regardless of its thickness.
Wedge connections are indispensable for working with copper and aluminum wires with a cross section of 35-100 square meters. mm. They are made of cast iron steel with a wear-resistant wedge made of bronze or aluminum alloys.
For greater reliability, when clamping large-section aluminum wires, special gaskets made of the same material are used. The fastening will be strong, but every 7-10 days the bolts should be tightened.
Selection and use
The photo of the cable clamps shows a variety of modifications that can be used for a specific installation purpose. Important to check:
- presence of marking;
- absence of defects and defects;
- compliance of the clamp with the parameters of the rope.
When fixing the cable, the jumper should be on the side of the cable, where the main load is present. Before operation, check the strength of the fastening. It is not allowed to influence the mechanism by welding.
The use of clamps allows for a reliable and durable fastening when connecting cables or forming a loop. They can be made independently, however, the purchase of factory-made products will ensure the durability of fasteners.
Photo of cable clamps
