An indispensable household power tool speaking name screwdriver is actively used in construction work. The most common procedure with such a device is to replace the drill. Sometimes it seems that this process is very complicated and almost impossible. However, in reality, replacing a drill in a screwdriver is not difficult, the main thing is to follow the instructions step by step and pay attention to details.
Screwdriver features
A screwdriver is the same drill, but it has a lower chuck rotation speed and the ability to adjust the twisting force. Hours of twisting and unwinding with my own hands no one has been pleased yet. A screwdriver will help you quickly and efficiently tighten and unwind fasteners. Also, using this device, you can make holes in materials of various densities - metal, wood and stone. The screwdriver is powered from the mains or battery.
The construction device is divided into the following types:
- standard;
- battery screwdriver;
- drill driver;
- wrench
All types of tools differ only in their purpose: a screwdriver (ordinary) is used only when working with fasteners, a drill will help drill the required hole, a screwdriver is designed to tighten and unscrew fasteners with a cross-shaped “hat”, a device with a speaking name wrench does an excellent job with bolts and nuts .
Changing the cutting tool
The "tail" of the drill of the screwdriver is fixed in the chuck. It comes in different sizes, as well as nozzles. If the cutting tool is incorrectly installed, the screwdriver can cause damage to the work process and harm to health. For example, due to the “wrong” drill, holes may result different size with a damaged surface. A sharp element, when "departing" from the cartridge, will cause serious injury.
Most modern screwdrivers have cam chucks. They consist of a body cylindrical shape, as well as sleeves and cams. When the sleeve rotates clockwise, the cams simultaneously press the drill.
The process of replacing it is simple, but has a number individual features. The whole process can be described as follows:
- it is necessary to select the necessary nozzle (bit) for the drill;
- then you have to take cutting tool and install it in the center of the chuck (between the open "cams");
- after that, it should be fixed by turning the sleeve clockwise (with a key-type cartridge, the key is installed in the recess);
- twist the sleeve until the nozzle is fixed.
Changing the drill is easy, but first you need to pull out the previous one. There are the following scenarios for the development of the situation:
- standard removal of the drill (the chuck is not damaged);
- pulling out the drill in the absence of a key;
- removing the stuck cutting element.
If the screwdriver is working properly, there should be no problems when replacing its working tool.- the operation is elementary. To do this, you need to take the key, which is designed to loosen the cartridge, and insert it into the recess. Spin counterclockwise. Unwinding is carried out due to special cloves that are on objects. There is also another option for removing the drill. To do this, turn on the reverse rotation mode on the screwdriver, hold the outer case of the cartridge and press the “start” button. Thus, the drill will be easily released.
In the absence of a special key, the drill can be removed using a Phillips screwdriver or a nail. It must be inserted into the recess on the cartridge and fix its half. We twist the opposite part of the cartridge by hand. However, if such unwinding does not bring results, then we take a gas wrench or a vice - these tools will help increase the turning of the cartridge. If the previous options for pulling out the drill failed, then you should resort to "heavy artillery". In some cases, it is difficult to get the drill out of its external damage. In this situation, it is necessary to relax the “cams” with the help of gas wrenches and a vice. We completely clamp the cartridge with keys and rotate (unscrew).
In this process, the simultaneous use of both the key and the vise is encouraged. You can also take a hammer and apply light blows to the cartridge with it - the vibration from the blows helps to relax.
A radical option in the most hopeless situation would be to twist the cartridge with a screwdriver. To do this, it is necessary to compress it in a vice and forcefully knock out the cutting tool with inside using a puncher. Naturally, after such a procedure, the screwdriver should be taken in for repair. Summing up, it is worth noting that the procedure for inserting a drill into a screwdriver is quite simple and even someone who has never done this can handle it. The main thing in this process is to follow the recommendations.
How to insert a drill into a screwdriver, see the following video.
A cordless drill driver is a tool that must be present in the working set of any home master. Its versatility allows you to easily perform both screwing and unscrewing work. various kinds fasteners (screws, self-tapping screws, screws), as well as drilling holes.
Let's take a look at how a drill driver works and understand the nozzles and fixtures.
Tool kit
Usually such a tool is sold in special suitcases, where each part has its own place.
The drill driver itself consists of a main tool and a removable battery that is recharged from a household electrical network.
For charging, a special charger is used, which is supplied with the set.
Battery Charging Procedure
It is necessary to insert the battery into the device, while observing the polarity (the corresponding signs "+" and "-" are affixed to both the battery and the device), i.e. plus is combined with plus, and minus is combined with minus.
A glowing red diode on the device panel indicates that the charging process is in progress. This procedure lasts from 3 to 5 hours.
The rechargeable battery has overcharging protection, so it can be left in the device for longer periods, but not more than 24 hours.
During the charging process, the battery and the device itself may become warm, which is not an indication of a malfunction.
Bits - nozzles
The screwdriver comes with several types of bits with different form working edge.
Bits with a straight edge are designed to work with fasteners that have one slot (slot). Depending on its length and depth, a suitable bit is selected.
The shape of the cruciform bit is selected in the same way - here the width of the slot and the dimensions of the fastener head itself are taken into account. For reliable operation, the edge of the bit must fit snugly into the slots, otherwise there is a possibility of "licking" the edges of the slots.
For fixing a bit in a chuck, it is used special nozzle with a magnetized holder that does not allow the structure to fall apart and securely holds the bit in a variety of positions.
To fix the nozzle with a bat, you need to unscrew the movable part of the cartridge.
Insert the nozzle and turn the cartridge up to the stop.
There are also very convenient double-sided bits that can be fixed in a cartridge without a nozzle.
Torque setting
The drill has an adjusting ring for setting the torque, on which its values are applied.
This is necessary in order to expose the most appropriate value when working with materials having different hardness.
For example, for screwing self-tapping screws into drywall (with little effort), a value range of 2-4 is suitable, and for solid wood torque can be set to the maximum number on the ring.
This adjustment helps to avoid quick damage to the fastener splines.
During operation, you can change the speed by increasing or decreasing the pressure on the trigger of the tool.
This allows you to stop the tool in time when the self-tapping screw or screw is fully tightened.
Chuck rotation direction
The design of the drill - screwdriver has a push-type switch with which you can change the direction of rotation of the cartridge for twisting or unscrewing fasteners.
On both sides of the tool near this switch there is a direction designation. By pressing the switch, you can reverse.
It must be remembered that it is possible to change the direction of revolutions only when the electric motor is completely stopped.
In the middle position, the switch blocks the operation of the tool. This lock is used while changing bits or drills.
If necessary, the drill chuck can be replaced. It must be borne in mind that it is fixed with a screw with a left-hand thread, which means that it must be unscrewed clockwise.
This screw can be accessed through the front of the chuck.
The tool kit also includes a set of drills different diameter. All of them are designed to work in relatively soft materials.
The drills are clamped in the chuck in the same way as a nozzle with a bat. (See photo above)
To care for the instrument, it is enough to wipe its body with a damp cloth and then dry it; household chemicals and solvents.
The battery must not be frozen.
Before starting work, make sure that all parts of the tool are in good condition;
After a long break in operation, the battery is still discharged, in this case it should be recharged;
It is necessary to make sure that no electric cable passes through the drilling points and no water and gas pipes are laid;
When using the tool, it is necessary to avoid frequent braking of the electric motor, this can damage the battery;
Be careful to check the polarity when connecting to the charger;
The first charge of the battery can take up to 12 hours;
Avoid getting moisture on the body of the tool;
The screwdriver has become one of the most demanded in the work on finishing the premises. This is explained by the widespread use wall panels, ceiling suspended ceilings, applications wooden slats as cladding material. These works require the massive use of screws and for screwing them into the surface. Therefore, the question is relevant correct operation devices to work long and reliably. In the article we will talk about cordless screwdrivers as the most popular form this tool.
To bring this device into working condition, you must:
1. Pull it out of the case and inspect for visible damage - cracks on the case, etc. If they are found, the use of the tool is prohibited.
2. After inspection, attach the battery to it, and then make sure that the charge is enough to start work. If the battery slowly rotates the tool spindle, you need to remove the battery and put it on charge (see below for how to recharge), and connect another battery to the tool instead.
3. After making sure that the battery has gained sufficient charge, a screwdriver is installed desired nozzle depending on the nature of the work (screwing screws or drilling,) and the size of the screws. We will describe in detail about the installation of the nozzle later, but here we focus on the fact that for the safety of work during the installation or replacement of the nozzle, the battery must be removed so as not to accidentally turn on the screwdriver.
4. Use the knobs on the instrument to select:
- operating mode - drilling, working with screws, in some models there is also an impact mode, for example, at.
- nozzle rotation speed (if the tool model has several rotation stages, for example); direction of rotation - for drilling and tightening self-tapping screws clockwise, for unscrewing screws - against.
5. If you have to drill to a certain depth, then in the models of screwdrivers, where there are limiters for the drilling depth, you need to set it.
remember, that proper preparation tool is a guarantee of safety when working with it.
The most important part of the operation of the tool, on which the duration of the device operation largely depends. How to charge the screwdriver battery depends on its type. Lithium-ion batteries are the most common. Such a battery with compact dimensions is quickly charged and has no memory effect. The main disadvantage is the fast discharge in the cold and the high price.
Older models have nickel-cadmium batteries. They are cheap, reliable, but have a memory effect. That is, if you do not completely discharge them before charging, then the battery capacity will gradually decrease.
How long you need to charge the battery depends on its type and capacity. Li-Ion batteries charge the fastest. The battery of a household screwdriver is charged within an hour. The same capacity will charge for 7 hours.
How do you know if the screwdriver is loaded? There is an indicator on the charger, for example, on the model, it is on the right. The red light is on - the battery is charging, green - you can use it. You can also refer to own experience. By the charging time and the nature of the work of the screwdriver, one can judge the charging of its battery.
If you have a model with a nickel-cadmium battery, then you should know how to swing the battery of a screwdriver, which will inevitably reduce its capacity after several years of operation. And if you use the tool incorrectly, that is, do not bring the battery to a full discharge before charging, then it will be faster.
In order to restore capacity, you need to know how to discharge the battery of a screwdriver correctly. And this means a smooth decrease in charge by connecting a twelve-volt light bulb with a power of 25-40 watts to it. After a complete discharge, charge the battery to the eyeballs and then discharge it again. Repeat the procedure at least 5 times. The capacity cannot be completely restored by such a procedure, but it is quite possible to significantly increase the operating time of the screwdriver.
Equipment installation
Drills or nozzles for twisting and unscrewing screws can be installed in a screwdriver. When the required bit has been selected, it is necessary to rotate the chuck sleeve counterclockwise until its jaws are wide enough to insert a drill shank or screw heads between them. Then in reverse order clamping is made. There are two types of ammo:
- the clamp is made without a key, but only by rotating the cartridge case by hand;
- requiring pressure with a special key that is inserted into a recess in the cartridge and rotates it, resting on a toothed rim, for example, as in a toothed cartridge.
How to remove the chuck from a screwdriver, for example, to lubricate it or replace it if it does not fix the nozzle well. AT modern models cartridges are screwed onto the shaft and, for reliability, are locked with a screw with a left-hand thread. This is how cartridges are fastened in screwdrivers, etc. It is necessary to unscrew the screw and unscrew the cartridge by turning it counterclockwise. detailed instructions How to do this is available in the documentation for the tool.
How to use a screwdriver correctly and safely
Working with this tool is intuitive. But you need to know certain subtleties which reduce the risk of injury and tool breakage. So, how to tighten a self-tapping screw with a screwdriver safely:
1. Read the instructions carefully BEFORE using the tool for the first time, and not after something unpleasant has happened.
2. Correctly select the maximum torque at which the protective "ratchet" will work and the force on the shaft will not be transmitted. The tool, of course, is designed for maximum effort. But, firstly, permanent job at the maximum reduces the service life. Secondly, it increases the likelihood that a screwdriver can be pulled out of your hands. Thirdly, by learning to correctly determine the maximum torque, you will reduce the likelihood of damage to the surfaces where you screw the screws. This is especially true for polished and fragile surfaces. For example, in the model, the maximum torque is 30 Nm, but 5 Nm can also be set.
3. Correctly choose the mode of operation. It is not necessary to drill in the screwdriver mode, and even more so to tighten the screws in the drilling mode, where the speed is higher. The tool can simply be pulled out of your hands.
4. Don't forget to control the direction of rotation. We twist the screw - the cartridge should rotate clockwise, unscrew it - against.
5. Do not change any cutting mode settings on the go! This threatens to break the screwdriver and is unsafe.
Above we talked about the rules safe work relating directly to the screwdriver. Now about common organization work with this tool:
- Work only with safety glasses and preferably with protective gloves, especially if you are drilling materials that can crack and "shoot" sharp fragments.
- Before drilling, make sure that there is no electrical cables and other engineering networks.
- When tightening and loosening screws, as well as drilling small holes in diameter, do not lean on the screwdriver. A screw or drill may break and you may be injured.
- and have different time continuous work. In any case, it is! And bring the tool to a hot state is not worth it.
- After work, you need to disconnect the battery, remove the nozzle, wipe the tool from dust.
What is a screwdriver? In fact, this is the same drill, but the screwdriver differs from it in that it has a lower chuck rotation speed and, at the same time, more torque.
Another difference is that if the rotation speed on a drill can change smoothly, then on a screwdriver, as a rule, “fixed” chuck rotation speeds are set. This is due to the “slip” function of the screwdriver chuck: when the screw is tightened, the chuck stops rotating, although the engine is still running. This feature allows you not to break the slots and not to “drive” the screw inside.
Different types of speeds are designed for specific types of work and materials, as well as the “drilling” mode. Just like a drill, a screwdriver has a reverse function. The design features of the screwdriver allow them to perform a wide range of work: tightening and loosening screws and self-tapping screws, screws and nuts, drilling soft materials.
Using a screwdriver, e.g. in production drywall partitions or when assembling furniture, increases the speed of work at times. Therefore, a screwdriver is rightfully considered one of the most common tools in the set of any master.
The designs of all screwdrivers are approximately the same. They are quite light and have a "pistol" handle, designed to work with the tool with one hand.
Youtube How to insert a bit into a screwdriver?
The start key is designed in such a way as to control the rotation speed by pressing it.
An important element of a screwdriver is its power source. If drills are available in versions both with mains power and in an autonomous (battery) version, then screwdrivers, due to the nature of the application, are almost exclusively cordless. The battery is the heaviest and most expensive part of the screwdriver.
Household models of screwdrivers are usually equipped with nickel-cadmium (they are designated "Ni-Cd"), and more expensive professional models are equipped with lithium-ion ("Li-Ion") batteries. Their difference lies in the fact that nickel-cadmium ones have a shorter service life (about 1000 recharges), and also have one unpleasant feature: if the battery is not completely discharged, its capacity decreases during subsequent charging.
But whatever the battery, its capacity is limited by the weight of the tool. Therefore, even the most expensive models screwdrivers are able to work continuously for no more than a few hours. Some manufacturers solve this problem by adding a second spare battery to the screwdriver kit. However, this significantly increases the cost of the tool. The battery is charged from a regular network. The charging speed again depends on the model and can range from 2-3 to 6 hours, although some models of screwdrivers provide for a “fast” charge in 10-15 minutes.
Work rules
Working with a screwdriver is easy. The nozzle necessary for work (“bit”, or wrench, or drill) is clamped in the jaws of the cartridge, and, pressing the screwdriver with some force, pressing the button rotates the cartridge. If you need to unscrew the screw or pull out the drill, the “reverse” is turned on. When working, you should follow a few rules:
- Before using the screwdriver, fully charge it. At the same time, strictly follow the instructions for charging time - "overexposure" of the battery in the charger reduces its service life.
- When working, choose the “screwing” or “drilling” mode correctly - this is how you protect the engine and screwdriver gear from damage.
Remember that the screwdriver is not designed for drilling stone or concrete.
- Try not to throw or drop the screwdriver - it is a rather fragile tool.
- Keep the screwdriver clean - remember that fine dust and dirt particles act as an abrasive in the rubbing parts, and the elements of the screwdriver fail faster.
- Now you are in in general terms you have an idea what a screwdriver is and how to work with a screwdriver. It's time to take the tool in hand and create!
03/23/2013 at 14:03
Cordless Drill
Cordless drill driver Bosch PSR 18 Li-2.
A fairly simple screwdriver for home use, the main advantage of the device is a universal lithium battery suitable for electric jigsaw and delta grinder.
The weight of the screwdriver together with the battery is 1.3 kg. So it's not heavy, but it's not light either. At the same time, the maximum moment is 46N * m, which is not bad at all.
The speed is regulated, as in most other screwdrivers and drills - with a button. Also as standard, there is a switch for the direction of rotation of the chuck nearby.
The screwdriver has a standard three-jaw keyless chuck. The maximum diameter of the drill shank that can be clamped in this chuck is 10mm.
The manufacturer does not recommend using this screwdriver for drilling big holes: more than 10mm in steel, more than 35mm in wood. 
To fix the bit or drill in the keyless chuck of a screwdriver, it is enough to fix the chuck with your hand and turn on the screwdriver at high speeds.
How to work with a screwdriver
And the cartridge itself will clamp the drill.
To remove the drill or bit, you need to switch the screwdriver to reverse, fix the chuck and turn on the screwdriver: the cams open and release the drill or bit.
Standard in screwdrivers, the torque limiting clutch. At the top of the case, opposite the cartridge, there is an arrow that indicates the number. How more number, the more torque the clutch can withstand without shutting off. In total, the clutch has 10 positions with different torque settings, plus a drill mode. In drill mode? labeled "DRILL", the torque limiting clutch is disengaged. And with the help of a screwdriver you can already drill.
This screwdriver is has two speed ranges from 0 - 400 rpm and from 0 - 1340 rpm. The speed can be switched by the red slide switch at the top of the screwdriver, in the "back" position, the screwdriver works at the first - low speed. If the engine is moved forward, then the second speed is turned on. In addition, the speed number can be seen in the window next to the switch.
A convenient option for a beginner is an indicator of the direction of rotation: two triangles at the top of the device will help determine which mode the screwdriver is operating in: the forward arrow means that the chuck rotates clockwise and accordingly wraps the screw, if the arrow lights up back, then the chuck rotates counterclockwise and unscrew the screw.
The screwdriver has an indicator showing the degree of charge of the battery.
And next to it is the POWERLIGHT backlight, which will help a lot when working in poorly lit places. 
Drilling wooden block in the "drill" mode, i.e. with the clutch off. For a relatively thin drill, you can turn on the second speed.
To drive a screw, you need to choose a bit that fits this type screws.
The main types of slots, in the photo from left to right:
- 1) philips,
- 2) pozidriv,
- 3) straight,
- 4) star-shaped (torx),
- 5) hexagonal (hex).
In addition to the shape, the slots differ in size and for each size of the slot of a screw or screw, you need to take a bit of the right size.
So, the desired bit is selected and clamped in the chuck, but to screw in the screw, it is worth turning on the first speed and setting the clutch to limit the torque. In our case, for such a diameter of the screws, we select the position "17".
The photo shows the result of screwing the screw to different depths. When the screwdriver has completely turned the screw, the screwing force will increase and then the torque limiting clutch will start to work. Thanks to this, the screw will not go deeper than necessary and will not split the bar.
The lithium-ion batteries on which the battery is built are very good and you will not need to change batteries in a screwdriver for a long time.
Related posts in this category:
BOSCH GSR 12 V screwdriver chuck jammed
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Often on the farm or during repairs, situations arise when a screwdriver is simply necessary. This hand power tool designed for tightening and unscrewing various fasteners (screws, self-tapping screws, etc.).
Not every owner knows how to use a screwdriver, despite the high demand for this tool on the farm. There is nothing complicated in working with a screwdriver, however, in order to get the best result from its use, it is recommended to follow certain rules.
Features and varieties of the tool
The screwdriver can run on battery or mains power. The type of tool operation can be different, in this regard, it is customary to distinguish its following varieties:
- drill driver;
- wrench;
- battery screwdriver;
- ordinary screwdriver.
According to the type of work, screwdrivers are divided into several types: screwdriver, drill-driver, wrench and cordless screwdriver.
The principles of operation of each of these tools are similar, the difference between them lies in the functions for which they are intended.
A drill driver additionally allows you to drill a hole, and the usual one is designed only for working with fasteners. The wrench is designed for working with bolts and nuts, while the cordless screwdriver is for tightening and unscrewing Phillips fasteners. Latest Device has the most low power of all.
A screwdriver is indispensable if you need to make suspended ceiling, mount drywall or sheet insulation. The absence of this device greatly complicates the work, during which it is necessary to tighten a lot of self-tapping screws or other fasteners. And in everyday life, when you need to screw in or unscrew 1 screw, doing it with a screwdriver is much more convenient and faster.
Device setup and design features
The design of the tool is quite simple. The plastic case contains a motor and a gear mechanism that drives the bit located at the end of the device. The design also provides for the presence of a toggle switch, a switch for the direction and speed of movement, LED backlight, torque regulator.
Before working with a screwdriver, it is necessary to choose a nozzle for it that will correspond to the size of the head of the self-tapping screw or screw.
The principle of operation of the tool is as simple as its design. The nozzle, fixed in the cartridge, is set in motion by means of a shaft, which begins to move from the operation of the engine through the gearbox. Before starting work with a screwdriver, you need to check whether the battery is charged and whether the nozzle is installed, which is necessary.
To install the necessary nozzle, you need to select it according to the size of the cap of the fastener and insert it into the magnetic holder of the cartridge. To do this, the cartridge and coupling must be removed from the device. After installing the required bit, the chuck is reattached to the tool body.
Next, you need to set the optimal bit speed. This can be done using a special regulator. The required mode is set on the device used before its operation. You can also switch the direction of the bit.
Before using a screwdriver, you need to adjust the screwing depth of the fastener. Over time, it may be necessary to replace the magnetic holder in the chuck. To replace the magnetic holder, the cartridge and coupling, the magnetic holder are removed, and another one is installed in its place. After that, the chuck with the clutch is installed back into the screwdriver body.
Screwdriver Safety Precautions
Use the instrument only after all necessary settings have been made. To get started, you need to connect the device to the network or connect the battery to it. After that, you can turn on the screwdriver and perform the actions for which it is intended, that is, tighten or unscrew the fasteners. Compliance with the rules of operation allows you to extend the life of the tool and get a better result in a shorter time.
It is strictly forbidden to adjust the movement of the bit during the operation of the screwdriver. Care must be taken to ensure that moisture does not get on the instrument or inside its case. It is strongly recommended to use the device only in sufficient light. In addition, if the tool is networked, then electrical network should work without voltage drops.
It is strictly forbidden to touch the screwdriver and grounded objects. If this happens, the master may be electrocuted. Do not allow the device to overheat due to prolonged continuous operation. If the screwdriver is not allowed to rest, it may burn out. The instructions for the tool must be studied in detail before using it. Do not work with a screwdriver if any malfunctions are found in it.
It is advisable to wear special protective clothing while working.
Thus, despite the simplicity of the design and principle of operation of the device, not every novice master knows how to use a screwdriver correctly in order to extend its service life. Compliance with some simple operating rules will ensure the safety of the master, the safety of the device and the excellent quality of the result.
