Is it possible to make a drill with your own hands? For some earthworks in the country, an indispensable tool is a hand drill. The hole dug with this tool will turn out to be compact, and the excavated earth will be less than when working with a shovel. Yamobur will also retain the natural structure and density of the soil.
Types of garden drills
Garden drills differ in power, size and purpose. Allocate the following types pit drills:
- non-motorized ( hand device, which is actively used in everyday life);
- mechanized (manual device that runs on gasoline and a motor);
- mounted (mechanized device that works with a tractor or other equipment).
A non-motorized hole drill will be able to make holes of medium diameter and depth in the ground. The work is carried out thanks to the operator who holds the tool. Such a device is very convenient to use and easy to transport due to its compactness. With the help of such a tool, you can put up a wooden fence or dig holes for seedlings. The device consists of a main rod with a knife and a handle. T-shape. There are models of earth drills with removable knives or a screw, which makes it possible to drill holes various sizes(up to 2 m) and diameters (up to 30 cm).
The mechanized drill is equipped with a drive. Him simple design: screw auger or rod and electric or petrol drive with geared motor. The auger is started due to the rotational-translational movements of the gears. Such a tool can drill deeper holes (up to 3 m).
Mounted drills are intended for drilling wells big size and diameter. They are used for the installation of street lighting poles, fencing enterprises, railway stations, airports. Thanks to them, fences for trenches are made. They have great performance and power.
To choose the right device, you need to pay attention to specifications drill: hole diameter, depth, number of holes per day, power.
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With my own hands.
Manufacturing features.
Do-it-yourself transformer bench: drawings, dimensions.Making a drill with your own hands
Making a yamobur is laborious work, but special skills and abilities are not required for this. To make a ground drill, you will need the following tools:
- cutter;
- rod (a metal structure that increases when the drill is immersed in the soil);
- handle for rotating the device;
- apparatus for welding;
- lathe;
- motor with emery;
- electric drill with various drills for metal;
- steel sheets;
- steel rods;
- pipe.
To make a drill with your own hands, you can apply the drawings. First you need to cut a sheet of steel and cut circles different diameter, which will ensure the versatility of the device. Circles will be used to make incisors. The workpiece diameter should be larger right size grooves of 5 mm. All blanks are drilled in the center so that the holes are slightly larger than the diameter of the rod.
On a lathe, bushings are made of steel with a perforation in the center, in which a thread is made. They will be required to attach the cutting parts to the bar. It is recommended that they be performed by a master, because the reliability of the device itself will depend on the strength.
Next, you need to convert round blanks into spiral. To this end, a small segment should be cut out in the workpiece, the ends should be fixed in a vice and stretched. Due to stretching, the workpiece takes the form of a spiral. It is not necessary to stretch strongly, otherwise the metal will lose strength.
After that, sharpen the outer end of the spiral so that it cuts the soil more easily. Small cuts (approximately 3 mm) should be made on the rod at an interval of approximately 8 cm from the edge. Sharpen the edge of the rod for easy entry into the soil and cut into a shallow spiral. In order to facilitate work with dense soil, weld a drill for metal to the edge of the rod.
The bar is made from pipe sections. Possibility of fastening them with each other is provided. A handle is attached to the top to rotate the device. At the end of all work on the construction, it is necessary to paint the device with a special paint that can protect the tool from corrosion. Do-it-yourself drill for poles is ready.
Definitely the owner land plot at least once faced with the need to dig holes for poles and various supports to decorate the appearance of the site. It happens that you need to make a narrow hole in not quite convenient location. It will be difficult to cope with a simple shovel, and you will have to take a manual drill under the poles from your friends or even call a specialist who deftly manages the tool.
The design of the hand drill
The garden drill is very useful tool for any gardener. It is very compact, handy and easy to use. As a rule, it is made of solid metal. It effortlessly splits small stones and rhizomes of plants into pieces.
With the help of such a device, you can easily dig a hole by rotating it around its axis like a corkscrew.
The main purpose of the drill is to dig holes for poles. Small wells are made by the cutting part of the device, which can be of various shapes:
- Two-bladed;
- In the form of half-disk;
- Helical;
- auger-shaped;
- Tiered;
- Whole or removable.
There are models that start with small blades, and they top part gradually increased to large sizes. The factory drill is not functional and effective in all situations, because the tool simply cannot penetrate the soil to the desired depth, or its nozzles will not be of the diameter that is required.
Although the cost of a factory pole drill is relatively affordable, it is quite possible to do useful tool independently, and at the same time he will answer all necessary requirements. The technology for making a drill with your own hands is very simple, and its cost will be much cheaper than the factory one. You just need to decide on the parameters of the product.
Let's take a look at a few various designs, which are responsible for the efficiency and functionality of the drill:
Materials and tools
In order to make a hand drill for poles, as a rule, you do not need much effort. But the master needs materials and components to create a product.
List of required parts:
- Nut and bolt M20;
- Discs with a diameter of 100−150 mm - 2 pieces;
- Drill with a tip (20 mm in diameter);
- Segments metal pipe: two 500 mm and one 400 mm. The wall thickness should be 3.5 mm, outside diameter- 40 mm.
The wall thickness of the metal pipe must be exactly this so that the finished product is durable and can work with any, even fairly hard, soil. Discs can be taken from a circular saw or made by hand. For homemade discs, you will need sheets of metal with a thickness of at least 3 mm.
From tools when creating a product you will need:
- Bulgarian;
- a hammer;
- welding machine;
- drill;
- drills for metal;
- blade sharpener.
If there is no tip with a drill, then you can replace it with a drill with a cone shank. Its diameter must match the screw. In order to avoid injury, it is recommended to use soft bicycle handles.
Drill making step by step
On the metal sheet draw a circle, marking the center. This will be the blade. Next, this circle must be cut with a grinder, and then a cut line should be drawn that runs along the diameter line. Then we draw a cutout line, which should correspond to the circumference of the collar. The resulting disk must be divided into two parts and cut holes for the knobs.
At the end of the pipe, which will act as a collar, we cut four longitudinal lines with a grinder, 3-4 cm in length. After that, you need to form a point from them with a hammer, while you need to collect the files at the very center of the pipe. The resulting tip must be processed by welding and make sure that the collar does not become clogged with soil during operation.
The next step is to connect the wrench to the disc by welding. This is done at a distance between them of 5 cm and at an angle to the plane of rotation of 20 degrees.
Next, proceed to the extension pipe, which must be equipped with a handle. This part must be welded with the letter “T” and it is imperative to weld amplifiers in the form of a “kerchief” to it. The workpiece is threaded into the collar, and a hole is made through them so that the parts can be fastened with a hairpin. You need to make several such holes in order to be able to adjust the length of the product.
The work ends with sharpening the blades. The edge of the cutter must be processed in such a way that when rotating the tip of the blade is directed downwards.
Protective covering
To avoid rust on the parts of a homemade pole drill, you need to thoroughly clean them. sandpaper and treat with a primer and a phosphating solution. After such processing, the finished product can be painted.
During operation of the device, after each use, it is necessary to disassemble it and clean all connections from dust and dirt, and also cover them with a special grease that repels water. Do not miss this moment, because proper care behind the tool will be a good prevention of bolt jamming and will allow it to work smoothly for a very long time.
Ways to improve the tool
When drilling holes, the master may encounter large quantity rhizomes of plants that are densely embedded in the soil. The sharp edges of the blades make it much easier to work with the drill. For ease of use, you can cut several teeth on the sloping area of \u200b\u200bthe blade or round off its cutting zone.
It is possible to improve the design and make removable cutters for drill. Thanks to them, it will be possible to drill holes of any diameter. In addition to the manufacture of spare parts, it is necessary to provide for their attachment to the collar. The easiest way is to connect them with two plates of iron, which are fastened by welding.
In the mounting plates, as well as in the blades, you need to drill two holes for the sides. The cutters are fixed with M6 bolts. In order for the bolts not to interfere with work, they must be screwed in with the thread up.
There is another way to improve homemade drill for poles. You can increase the efficiency of the lower end of the crank. To do this, you need to cut a narrow metal plate (10 × 2 cm) and grind it in the form of a cone with a grinder, making a kind of point.
It is not necessary to make cuts in the collar, metal turned plates are inserted into its end, fixed by welding and flattened. The end result should be a peak.
There is another method for making pica. A metal plate is cut off about 17 cm long and an auger is made from it, similar to a corkscrew. Further, the algorithm of actions is the same as in the described first option.
A suitable drill can act as an auger, which can easily cope with wood, as well as metal. Such a tool will enter the ground much easier and will drill a hole to the desired depth without any problems.
Builders who work on dense deep layers of soil will need one piece of advice. Between the peak and the cutter you need to weld a flat cutter small size . Thanks to this design, loosening of the earth and centering during drilling will be possible. For such a part, you will need 2 metal plates 3 × 8 cm. Such a trick will greatly speed up the work with the tool.
Milling cutters can also be made from grinder discs, which are designed to work with stone. Circles need to be cut along the radius and widen the hole in the center, according to the diameter of the collar. The bending of the disk with the sides apart gives a similarity to a corkscrew or screw. It remains only to weld the part in the manner described above.
It is very easy to make a cutter from a disk from circular saw. The teeth of this model will very easily cope with the rhizomes of plants and hard soil.
The master can choose the way to upgrade his drill on his own. It is worth saying that making a drill for poles with your own hands is not at all a complicated process and requires minimal physical and financial costs. The entire manufacturing process takes about two hours.
Finally, there is one important advice : before the drilling process, it is best to loosen the soil with a shovel, then the device will easily enter into it, and work will go much faster. The above recommendations will definitely help the master to make a functional and effective tool, which will serve him for decades and will be a very good helper.
Reading time ≈ 10 minutes
Residents of the private sector are well aware of such situations when something needs to be built or installed, but the foundation of such a structure will be in the ground. In this regard, many are wondering how to make a drill for drilling holes for poles (piles) with their own hands, using materials that may be available in household. In addition, without undue modesty, it can be argued that in some cases, self-made tools exceed the quality of factory products. The thing is that a standard is produced at the factory, and at home you can adapt such a device to specific needs, taking into account the condition of the soil.
Homemade manual garden drill
Dependence of the design on the purpose
For domestic needs, you can make a manual drill with your own hands for various purposes, although in any case, such a tool is intended for drilling holes. However, they are distinguished by appearance and performance characteristics, this is:
- ordinary garden drill;
- auger garden drill;
- pile drill TISE (Technology of Individual Construction and Ecology).
To assemble such a tool, you will definitely need a welding machine powered by AC or DC.
common garden drill
Earth garden drill
For the manufacture of a conventional garden drill, which is most often used for not very deep pits, holes need a powerful rod, from a solid (scrap) or hollow pipe profile. In addition, you will need semicircular cutting discs, welded at a certain angle of attack (best of all, if it is alloy steel). With the help of this tool, holes are made for planting plants (usually, these are seedlings of shrubs or trees), as well as holes for mounting fence posts or other light architectural structures.
Auger homemade hand drill
The word "auger" German language("Schnecke") translates as "snail" and this perfectly characterizes the configuration of the cutting device. The blades are arranged like a right-hand thread with a large pitch, which makes it much less likely to pull the drill out of the ground, as the soil rises to full height blades without interfering with drilling. The functionality of such a tool is practically no different from the device described above, but labor productivity in this case almost doubles. If, for example, you build a fence around the perimeter of the site, then you will have to install a lot of supports, so speed will only bring benefits. Of course. For auger, it is better to use an automated drive.
Homemade drill for TISE piles
Wells with an extension at the bottom are made with such a tool.
The TISE pile drill fully complies with the technology individual construction and ecology of work production, and in living conditions, as a rule, is used to fill pillars with an expanded sole under. Its uniqueness lies in the fact that there is a folding blade (knife) near the cutting blades, with the help of which an extension is formed. If we talk about labor productivity when pouring such foundations, then such tools are simply irreplaceable.
Making an ordinary garden drill at home
Below we will consider how such a design can be made at home, provided that there is a workshop (for many motorists this is a garage).
Elements
Components from which the entire assembly is made
Item List:
- The cutting parts are two alloy steel semicircles with sharpened edges. Depending on the purpose of the tool, its diameter is also determined. In some cases, the blades from the semicircle fix bolted connection m, so that they can be replaced with a different diameter.
- Rod - is a round or square pipe profile, although sometimes such a part is made from scrap, but this significantly increases the mass and complicates the workflow. The length of the rod depends on the need, but most often it is made under pits 50-80 cm long up to 1.5 m (when this parameter decreases, you have to constantly work in a bent position). But if one and a half meters is not enough (the depth of the pit is 80-100 cm or more), then it is better to make a prefabricated rod, with stackable rods (they can be joined using a nipple).
- The crossbar for the handle is welded to the top of the rod in the form of the letter T, where the optimal length of the crossbar is 25-30 cm in each direction. If you make these levers shorter, then scrolling will be much harder.
- The tip is made sharp, it serves as a drill that centers the blades in relation to the surface of the earth. That is, they will not move to the side, as they are integral with the drill.
What materials will be needed
Square pipe profile
For the manufacture of the rod, as mentioned above, a square or square pipe profile is suitable. round section. If the wall of such a profile has a thickness of 2-2.5 mm, then a section of 20 × 20 mm or ø20 mm will do, but if the walls are thinner, then the section should be increased to 30 × 30 or 35 × 35 mm, ø30-35 mm. In the event that during operation there may be a need for winding additional rod, then only a round pipe profile is suitable for the rod.
Flat tip in the form of a spike with a central and lateral sharpening
A sharp tip must be welded to the end of the rod, which can be made from a piece of a thick drill with a victorious solder - they are used for drilling concrete with a hammer drill. But you can also make such a point from thick rebar or a piece of steel, sharpening it in the form of a flat spike, as in the top photo.
The cutting part is made from a hand-held circular saw blade.
The most crucial moment is the manufacture of cutting blades and they can be made from:
- sheet steel 3-4 mm thick;
- saw blade from a grinder (diamond) or a manual circular saw.
In this case, it is most convenient to use discs from a grinder with diamond-coated designed for cutting concrete, or from a hand-held circular saw. When the diamond coating is activated, a thin strip of no more than 1 mm remains around the circumference and it is easy to grind it off, making the edges sharp, and the toothed disk from the circular will only have to be cut in half.
For reference. Disc inner diameter or mounting hole standard and is 22.5 mm.
And a few more words about the pen - it should be from round pipe and in no case should you put any plastic on it and, moreover, wrap it with electrical tape.
Way of fastening knives
Bolt-on blades
If it is planned to drill wells of different diameters, then the blades on the tool can be made of a removable type. For this purpose, two shelves are welded to the rod and knives are bolted to them, as shown in the top photo.
The optimal angle of attack is 30-40⁰
If you are not going to change the diameter of the blades, then the most best option, this is ø120 mm and for this the saw or cutting discø125 mm (5 mm width of diamond coating and there will be no more), which must be cut into two semicircles. seatø22.5 mm will have to be adjusted to fit the rod, cutting off the excess by electric welding. For soft soils, the angle of attack is usually made 30⁰, and sometimes even 40⁰, but for hard soils it is better to lower it to 22-25⁰.
Components of a garden drill: 1) a rod with a point, 2) cutting discs, 3) a handle for rotation
Here is a drawing of a homemade garden drill with ø120 mm blades (according to the diameter of a used cutting disc for diamond-coated concrete). Below is a video on the manufacture of such a tool:
Video: DIY garden drill in a home workshop
Auger drill
Schematic diagram of the manufacture of auger drill
Now let's figure out how to make an auger drill for drilling holes for poles with your own hands. Such a tool does not have to be removed from the hole every 5-10 cm of the passage, since the soil dump moves during rotation to the upper blades of the auger. This greatly speeds up the process, but it takes a lot of work to work with it. physical strength, therefore, in most cases, such installations are used in conjunction with an automated drive.
All discs are clamped in a vise and the same sector is cut out for rotation.
Now the most crucial moment: you need to cut out a trapezoidal sector from all the disks stacked together, although these inclined ones will intersect in the center, forming sharp corner. The bottom line is that when you rotate each upper disk, the left side of the cut sector must coincide with the right side of the lower one. Of course, it is better to do such things on paper first, and if everything matches, transfer the markings for cutting to metal. The number of turns of the auger will correspond to the number of discs.
Attention! Do not lose sight of the fact that for docking at the lower disk, the right side of the sector is used, and the upper left. If you do the opposite, then you have to drill counterclockwise.
Now the welding work begins:
- put a disk on the plane, and put another one on top of it, but in such a way as to cover the cut sector, that is, the left side of the upper one should adjoin the right side of the lower one;
- this joint is welded by electric welding and the next disk is placed on top, acting on the same principle;
- so all the disks are joined and welded, making a compressed spring out of them.
The compressed spring is stretched with a winch
Upon completion of welding, this homemade spring must be stretched to make an auger out of it. To do this, the assembly is put on the rod and the lower disk is welded under right angle, for example, 30⁰, and something like a ring can be welded to the upper disk in order to hook on the winch hook. The rod is fixed on the floor (figure out how to do it yourself - the circumstances are different) and the spring is stretched with a winch, after which the upper disk is welded. The rod is released and the entire structure is scalded in a spiral.
Video: Making an auger drill
Drill for piles TISE
The principle of operation of the drill for TISE piles
The drawing above shows the principle of operation of the TISE pile drill: first, it makes a shaft desired diameter, and below the well is expanded with a folding knife. But, perhaps, I will disappoint you, because in order to make such a design at home, you need at least a workshop with tools and the professional skills of a locksmith. To consider such an assembly, you will have to post a separate article, even a small one, but here we will limit ourselves to showing a video on self assembly drill TISE:
Video: Homemade drill for TISE piles at home
Conclusion
From this material, you learned how to make a drill for drilling holes for poles with your own hands. You won’t install a fence or build a foundation with a TISE pile drill, so for a house it’s quite enough to use an ordinary or, if there is something to make a drive from, an auger drill.
Digging holes under the poles with a shovel with your own hands is a laborious and long process. This may take more than one day if a decision is made to build a fence. The way out of this difficult situation is to do everything with the help of a garden drill. The device is simple, does not require the use of an energy carrier, that is, it is purely hand tool. It is easy to work with him, no big efforts. As practice shows, in 15 minutes you can dig a hole in the ground with a diameter of 20 cm and a depth of one meter. That is, in just a couple of hours, you can completely prepare places for installing poles.
Today manufacturers garden tool offer enough a wide range of hand drills. They cost differently, but if the work they do is one-time, then maybe it’s worth making it yourself. How difficult is this creative process? Basically, for any home master who are friends with simple plumbing tools and can handle electric welding, given task quite doable. Let's look at how you can make a garden manual drill from improvised materials.
Necessary materials and tools
What materials will be required for this:
- Pipe metal with a diameter of 20-25 mm.
- Strip 3-5 mm thick.
- A metal sheet 3-4 mm or a disk from a circular saw, you can use a cutter.
- Bolts with M6 nuts, if a drill with removable knives is to be manufactured.
Tools:
- Welding machine complete with electrodes;
- A hammer;
- Hacksaw or grinder;
- Roulette.
Attention! Pay attention to the inner diameter of the cutter, it should be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the pipe by approximately 5-7 mm.
Manufacturing process
The first step is to determine the length hand drill for poles. Approximately, you can take it within 1.5 m. Therefore, a piece of this size is cut off from the pipe. Pruning is done by a grinder.
A very important element is the tip of the drill. It acts as a guide element. But if you approach the issue of ease of drilling soil (especially hard), then it is worth making a small drill from the tip. Therefore, the element itself is best made from a metal strip 5 mm thick. How to do it right.
- A piece 10 cm long is cut off from a strip 5 mm thick and 20 mm wide.
- One of its ends is sharpened under a cone. This can be done with a grinder by putting an emery disc on it.
- The other end is turned on both sides so that it can easily enter the pipe. Turning length - 5 cm.
- The tip is inserted into the pipe and scalded by electric welding from all sides.
- You can change the design of the tip (improve) by making a small drill out of it. To do this, you will have to heat the device and give it the shape of a screw, something in the form of a corkscrew.
It is the corkscrew design that will help increase the ability of the element to bite into hard rocks soil. Here it is important to accurately establish the direction of twisting. It must match the angle of inclination of the main knives of the drill. Usually, the tool is rotated clockwise, which means that the sharp edge should be located on the right side.
There is another option, how to make a drill tip with your own hands. To do this, you will have to cut the end of the pipe in longitudinal direction to a depth of 3-5 cm. This is done by a grinder. There should be four or five cuts, between which the same distance (or approximately the same) is left. Now, with hammer blows, it is necessary to fit the edges of the cuts to the center of the pipe diameter. After that, the joints of the cutting strips are scalded with electrodes, and the end of the fixture is sharpened with a grinder.
Now you can proceed to the installation of the main knives. They can be made by hand from different cutting tools. The cutters and discs from the circular were listed above. Basically, this list is longer. If cutting discs were not found, then knives can be made from sheet steel with a thickness of 3-4 mm. A circle of the required diameter is simply cut out of the sheet, by the way, this can be done with a grinder and electric welding. Then a hole is made in it with a diameter of slightly larger diameter pipes. And after that, the steel circle is cut into two even halves.
You can first cut the circle in half, and already on the two halves cut semicircles under the pipe. It is important here to finish the process by sanding all raw edges. The outer edges of the half-discs are sharpened to a certain sharpness. After that, both knives are welded to the pipe. There are a couple of recommendations here:
- The distance from the point of welding of the tip to the place of installation of the knives is 10-15 cm.
- The knives themselves are installed one above the other, the distance between them is 5 cm, the angle of inclination of the installation is approximately 20 °.
- It is necessary to weld the discs so that their working edge is directed downwards, that is, when drilling, the drill should easily cut into the ground.
It remains only to weld a small piece of pipe perpendicular to the drill pipe. This will be the pen. Its length is 50 cm, but here everyone chooses for themselves. So that the effort of human hands does not disrupt the welding between the two pipes, it is necessary to weld scarves cut from a metal sheet on both sides.
You can modify the design of the drill, or rather, improve it. Sometimes it becomes necessary to dig holes for poles longer than 1.5 m. Therefore, it is recommended to add a couple of additional pipes to the tool, which will increase the length of the tool itself. How to make these elements.
- First: you need to modify the handle of the drill, making it removable. Therefore, it is not welded tightly, but made in the form of the letter "T". In this case, the pipe section that will be inserted into the drill barrel must be smaller than the diameter of the barrel. And at the same time, the handle should enter the barrel freely, but not so much as to reduce the strength characteristics of the tool itself.
- Second: in the barrel of the handle, you need to make two through holes located perpendicular to each other. The distance between them is 5-6 cm.
- Thirdly: exactly the same holes with a diameter of 7 mm must be made on the drill barrel at the handle entry point. It turns out that both elements will be connected with two M6 bolts.
- Fourthly: several pipes are prepared with a length of 1.5 m, corresponding to the diameter of the handle shaft, in which all the same holes are drilled from both ends. Locations, as on the barrel of the handle.
To extend the manual drill two or three times, it is necessary to unscrew the fixing bolts, remove the handle, insert the pipe into the pipe, fix them with bolts, install the handle on the free end of the elongated drill, attaching it with two bolts.
As for the diameter of the holes for the poles, it can also be changed if the knives are made removable. To do this, at the place of installation of the knives, it is necessary to weld two shelves cut from a strip 5 mm thick. You can make a shelf in the form of a circle with an internal hole for the tool pipe. A circle with a diameter of 8-10 cm is cut out of a sheet of iron, a hole is made in it for a pipe, and this element is installed and welded to the trunk. In it, you must first make four through holes, two on each side. Removable knives will be attached to them.
Attention! Removable knives are fastened with M6 bolts. The bolts must be installed with the thread up towards the handle. They simply in this position will not interfere with the process of drilling the soil.
You can increase the efficiency of the drill if you install between the knives and the tip additional element. This is, in fact, a flat cutter that will loosen the soil before inserting the knives and center the drill itself. A small addition will make it possible to increase the speed of drilling, especially in hard soils, and in places where there is a large number of plant roots.
It is not difficult to make such a flat cutter with your own hands. This will require a plate 4-5 mm thick and 30 mm wide. Two pieces 80 mm long are cut out of it. They are welded opposite each other to the barrel of the drill. The right edge of the additional knives is sharpened. So that heavy loads do not break the flat cutter, you can add two metal scarves to their mount.
In principle, this is how you can make a manual drill for digging holes for poles with your own hands. Let's face it, but the manufacture of this tool will not take very much time, two hours, no more.
