A variety of tools are used to work in the garden and vegetable garden, designed to facilitate the process of tillage and plant care as much as possible. By choosing the right, easy-to-use tools and devices for working on the site, you can largely save your strength, as well as health. Careful care and proper storage of garden equipment will ensure a long service life.

Varieties of gardening equipment

Since ancient times, garden tools have traditionally been used to care for plants, many of the devices are very familiar to us. In recent decades, according to modern demands, its range has expanded significantly, a significant number of new tools and useful devices have appeared. With their help, you can simplify the daily work on the garden plot as much as possible. The use of properly selected tools will significantly reduce labor costs on the site, avoid physical overstrain, scratched hands and other inconveniences.

There are the following types of gardening equipment:

• for cultivation and manual tillage - loosening light soil and digging heavy soil, as well as laying out beds and flower beds, planting plants, hilling, digging up root crops, unloading various bulk materials (sand, fertilizers, coal, earth). This type includes shovels, rippers, rakes, cultivators, pitchforks, as well as hoes, choppers, etc.;
• auxiliary tools - for garden work in the form of grafting, pruning branches, forming crowns and hedges (secateurs, loppers, brush cutters, garden saws);
• related equipment in the form of wheelbarrows, buckets, planters, containers and scoops for seedlings, fruit collectors, a folding chair, step-ladders;
• mechanized - electric and gasoline (chain saws, seeders, mowers, cultivators, pumps);
• equipment for watering plants - watering cans, sprayers and sprayers, garden hoses.

How to choose gardening equipment

In specialized stores you can buy various garden tools for working on the site. From the proposed range, you need to choose high-quality tools that allow you to optimize certain types of gardening and at the same time minimize the associated load on your back, legs and shoulders. After reviewing the proposed range, consider how often and for what purposes you will use this type of inventory, carefully read the characteristics of the product, as well as the instructions for its use from the manufacturer.

When selecting equipment for the garden and vegetable garden, it is necessary to take into account its compliance with the following requirements:

• ergonomic design, which subsequently manifests itself in ease of use. The selection criterion will primarily be individual feelings when using the inventory - take it in your hands, try to evaluate how convenient and easy it will be for you to use, check the quality of the fasteners. Make sure that the cuttings of the tools are comfortable, of suitable length and thickness;
• reliability and durability - properly selected garden tools made of wear-resistant materials will last for years. Pay attention to the quality of the metal of the cutting parts of the tool - the ease of use and the pressure during operation, obtaining even cuts, and the likelihood of rust over time depend on it. The cuttings of tools made of dense, high-quality processed wood practically do not break, they will not cause splinters on the hands. It is convenient to use tools with polypropylene coated handles, as such handles are non-slip and easy to clean. Lacquered wood cuttings, as well as plastic ones, can slip in the hands, significantly slowing down the work on the site;
• safety of use - check the reliability of the fastening of the handles with screws and rivets, the serviceability of the mechanisms;
• value for money - cheap inventory that breaks at the first significant load should be preferred to better tools that will last more than one season.

The choice of material from which the functional parts of hand tools are made, which are in direct contact with the cultivated soil and plants, depends on its purpose.

How to choose shovels

Several types of shovels are made (heavy, bayonet, universal garden, as well as shovels).

Depending on the purpose, the following types of shovels can be purchased:

• for digging a garden, a shovel with a blade made of high-quality steel is perfect - such a tool is notable for its low cost, while it will last for several years, is not subject to corrosion, and lends itself well to sharpening;
• the strongest and lightest, as well as the most expensive, are tools with titanium blades;
• for snow removal on the site, shovels made of aluminum, plywood or plastic are used - these materials are much softer than steel. This type of equipment is not suitable for use in earthworks.

The stalk of a shovel to the level of the chest is considered optimal, however, the wooden stalk can subsequently be adjusted in length by sawing off the excess.

How to choose a rake

In the garden, this tool is used for the following purposes:

• for loosening the soil - a metal rake of small width, with rigid, almost straight teeth, with a total length of the gardener's chest, is suitable. When choosing a suitable rake in the store, check if their comb bends up or down when pressed by hand - in this case, it is worth looking for another model;
• for collecting large debris and weeds after weeding - in this case, it is worth giving preference to a rake with long teeth and a comb with reinforced fastening. It is recommended to choose a model with a human height;
• for collecting small debris and leaves - a fan rake made of steel or plastic with soft teeth is suitable. The height of this product may exceed the height of the gardener. Such products are used, among other things, for raking mowed grass and cleaning lawns from small debris.

How to choose choppers and hoes

These varieties of gardening tools are used for loosening the soil, removing weeds, as well as hilling plants. At the same time, it is convenient to use choppers for loosening the soil between rows. As in the case of shovels, the most durable are products made from titanium and alloys.

The optimal thickness of the hoe blade is 2-3 mm. For hilling and loosening, it is recommended to choose products that are as long as the gardener's chest.

How to choose braids and pitchforks

When choosing a scythe, pay attention to the quality of its blade - when hit by a hand, high-quality metal will make a clear ringing sound. Modern models with an ergonomic handle are comfortably curved, and are also equipped with a length-adjustable stop handle.

Forks are used for tillage, handling of hay and compost materials, as well as digging up root crops. The following varieties are made:

• for loosening the soil and removing weeds - models with sufficiently powerful teeth are used. Such pitchforks are equipped with a strong thick handle of small length;
• to transfer grass, hay or compost, products with long teeth and a handle are used.

When buying, make sure that the teeth of the product are of the same length and thickness, spaced evenly. There should be no marriage in the form of chips and cracks in the places where the teeth are welded.

How to choose buckets and watering cans

It is convenient to carry out manual watering on the site from a watering can with different nozzles. Buckets are used to transfer fertilizers, harvested crops, as well as for other household needs. Usually, several varieties of similar products from various materials are used on the garden plot.

It should be borne in mind that plastic buckets and watering cans are not recommended to be stored under direct sunlight. Galvanized products should not be left in contact with water and moist soil for a long time, as the zinc coating deteriorates from moisture and rust appears.

How to choose secateurs and loppers

When choosing a pruner, pay special attention to the quality of the metal from which the cutting parts of the tool are made. The highest quality garden shears are made of hardened steel from well-known manufacturers of garden tools (for example, German, Finnish and Swedish). To remove dry branches on a shrub, models with short handles and blades equipped with teeth are suitable. It is convenient to trim thick branches with long-handled secateurs.

The lopper is a large-sized scissors equipped with long handles. This kind of garden tools is used for trimming small dry branches, as well as decorating the crowns of trees and shrubs. When choosing a suitable model, consider the quality of the material of manufacture, as well as the diameter of the cut branches and knots.

How to choose garden knives and pruning saws

They make saws for branches of various shapes and sizes, including small compact models. Pruning saws equipped with telescopic handles are useful for removing unnecessary branches in hard-to-reach places.

A garden knife is useful for grafting (it is convenient for them to make long and even cuts), trimming branches and shoots, and harvesting cuttings. The ease of use of this tool, first of all, depends on the blade - it must be durable and sharp, made of high-quality metal.

Inventory care

In order for garden tools to serve for many years, they must be carefully looked after. Do not forget about proper storage, because tools need care - periodic cleaning, sharpening and lubrication. Make it a rule after each use to thoroughly clean garden tools from clods of earth and plant residues (bark, grass, manure and weeds) and dry, and then place in a dry, shaded place. Otherwise, the tool will quickly deteriorate from adhering contaminants, plant sap and soil moisture and will not last long.

Light rust build-up should be removed from the tool with a wire brush, a more resistant layer will need to be treated with a special rust remover. The cutting parts of pruning shears, knives and saws should be wiped after each use with a cloth dampened with a disinfectant (e.g. alcohol), blotted with a clean cloth and dried thoroughly. Tool blades can be sharpened with whetstones or whetstones.

To prevent corrosion from eating through the metal parts of the inventory, it must be periodically lubricated (using grease, lithol, vegetable or machine oil, as well as special lubricants that can be purchased in stores). Linseed oil is suitable for treating non-lacquered metal parts of handles.

How to store gardening tools

Do not leave tools outdoors after work. To place garden and garden tools on the site, you need to create certain conditions. It is necessary to allocate a dry and ventilated place for everyday storage of garden tools. Thus, it will be possible to protect it from the appearance of fungus and corrosion under the influence of moisture, as well as from overdrying parts made of wood under the influence of sunlight and high air temperature. Proper storage of garden equipment helps to maintain its working condition for many years.

Often shovels, choppers and rakes, as well as other equipment, are placed in a barn or garage, where a little free space is allocated for these purposes. It should be noted that this is not enough for efficient storage. Having cleaned and lubricated the inventory, it must be placed in a compartment specially equipped for this purpose (container, wooden box), where the above conditions can be observed.

Winter inventory storage

At the end of the gardening season, care must be taken about where and how the appropriate inventory will be stored until it is needed again next year.

How to prepare garden tools for winter storage:

• all inventory used on the site must be thoroughly cleaned of a layer of earth and plant residues, and then wiped or washed and dried. Leave it for several hours in the sun or in a well-ventilated place until completely dry - you need to get rid of moisture in various slots and joints of inventory;
• wooden handles and cuttings must be cleaned and sanded. To increase durability, it is recommended to varnish them;
• then you need to apply grease to the metal parts. Select a suitable, well-ventilated and dry place for storing inventory, the tools must be placed there vertically, or hung on the wall on a special rack above the floor level - so as to protect them from moisture and subsequent corrosion. Do not place tools vertically on the point, otherwise it will quickly become dull;
• sharp objects - various secateurs, garden shears, saws and hacksaws are placed in cases, wrapped in newspapers or parchment paper and stored closed. In the absence of a special cover, the saw teeth can be covered by putting on a piece of garden hose with a pre-made longitudinal slot, and stored wrapped in rags or in the sleeve of an old jacket. It is recommended to store the clippers in the open state, thanks to this, the spring in them will remain tight longer.

Garden equipment (electrical, gasoline and battery equipment - cultivators, seeders, chain saws, etc.) should be stored, after carefully studying the manufacturer's instructions, in a dry and ventilated, as well as securely closed room.

Inventory care in the spring

With the onset of the new gardening season, all that remains is to get the inventory prepared in the fall from the barn. During the winter, the wooden parts of the tools can dry out a little, because of this, the fastenings at the junctions with the wood weaken, and the tools can become loose during operation.

You can achieve a tight fixing of the cuttings of gardening tools as follows - place the tools for a day or two in the water. Under the influence of moisture, the wooden parts will swell a little, as a result of which the play will go away. The same procedure can be done with carpentry tools flying off the handles.

Types of garden tools

Currently, the range of garden tools and equipment is huge. Almost everything you need to work in the garden and on the site can be bought at any specialty store or garden center. However, many gardeners (especially beginners) sometimes cannot make a choice among a large number of different tools, because they do not know which one they need: with a wooden or metal handle, with a wide or narrow cutting edge, etc. Among other things, industry many new products are being produced, the purpose of which is sometimes very difficult to guess, not only in appearance, but also in name.

There are also hygienic and technical requirements for tools - they must be light, comfortable and safe.

All known garden tools and inventory can be conditionally divided into several groups depending on the work they are used for. So, for example, they distinguish the tools necessary for planning a garden plot; digging and leveling the soil; breakdown of beds and flower beds; sowing seeds; picking and planting seedlings; watering; hilling; grafting and pruning of trees and shrubs, crown formation; harvesting; lawn mowing and grass mowing; pest and disease control.

Before starting work on the site, you need to draw up a detailed plan, where you should note the location of the main groups of plants that will be planted on the site, outbuildings and other buildings, fences and reservoirs. A properly developed plan will allow you to achieve good results when growing horticultural crops and will be indispensable in the arrangement and design of a garden plot.

For site planning, special measuring tools will be needed.

A tape measure is an instrument with a dashed flexible scale for measuring linear objects. The length of the scale can be up to 100 m.

Roulette

Using a tape measure, you can measure the total area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe site, the area allotted for planting certain crops, the distance between individual beds, flower beds and other parts of the site. It is recommended to choose the length of the tape measure scale based on the size of the plot: for a small area, a standard tape measure 10 m long will suffice, and for large plots, a longer tape measure will be needed.

The ruler is a necessary tool for drawing straight lines on various planes and spatial measurements.

It is convenient to use a ruler when measuring small distances, for example, between separately growing shrubs and flowers, hedge posts, beds, etc.

Ruler

This tool, used to measure the slope, is useful when laying water and sewer lines in the area, as well as when installing a drainage system. The level is a wooden or metal block, in the middle of which a glass tube is fixed, filled with water and hermetically sealed. Inside the tube there is a bubble, which, in the absence of a slope, is located in the middle. The displacement of the bubble in one direction or another indicates the direction of the slope, and its value is determined using a ruler in millimeters per 1 meter of the length of the pipe or surface.

Many gardeners, having planted fruit trees and shrubs, believe that it is enough to water and feed the crops so that they grow well and bear fruit. Of course, watering, fertilizing and spraying are very important for plants, but pruning and grafting play a significant role in normal development. In addition, various crown formation operations allow you to regulate the growth of plants, give them a certain shape, which has a positive effect on the appearance of the site.

Timely pruning of horticultural crops is necessary so that the plants do not deplete ahead of time, it contributes to the optimal distribution of minerals, abundant annual flowering and fruiting.

Without pruning, plants grow very quickly in the first years and begin to bear fruit relatively early. However, the crown of a tree, developing independently, over time often grows in width or height. In trees and shrubs that have not been pruned, the central part of the crown is exposed, and on the periphery the branches are very dense.

In such a situation, most of the fruits of horticultural crops are tied along the edges of the crown, and the fruiting zone decreases sharply with a larger crown diameter. In addition, due to sharp forks, large branches may be split off during the fruiting period. Caring for such trees becomes more difficult, pest and disease control and harvesting become difficult.

There are the following types of pruning:

- forming, giving the crown of a young plant a certain shape;

- regulating (supporting), in which good lighting is achieved in all parts of the crown, providing an optimal ratio between growth and fruiting;

- anti-aging, aimed at stimulating the growth and flowering of horticultural crops;

- thinning, in which small and weak branches are shortened or removed;

- grafting, necessary to create sap flow in the branches of the plant;

- restorative, restoring the ability to grow and bear fruit frozen and old branches.

In the process of crown formation and stimulation of plant development, various pruning methods are used, which are used both for thin shoots, the thickness of which does not exceed 3-5 mm, and for dead thick branches, the diameter of which can be 80-100 mm.

In addition to pruning, many plants require bud cutting and grafting.

Various tools are used for grafting, pruning trees and shrubs and forming hedges: secateurs, garden shears, hacksaws and others.

The pruner is a garden shears designed for trimming tree branches, thin shoots, forming and thinning the crown of garden crops.

When choosing a pruner, preference should be given to a tool with rubberized handles to protect your hands from calluses. The secateurs should fit comfortably in the hand, and when folded, there should be no gap between the blades, otherwise the tool will crush the branches without cutting them.

Formation of the crown of an apple tree: on the left - before pruning; right - after cutting

With a strong and sharp pressure on the pruner handles, a clean, smooth cut is achieved without tearing the bark on the remaining part of the branch. In this case, the working blade of the tool must firmly rest against the cut off part of the plant stem.

There are two types of secateurs design: in the first version, the movable straight blade is in contact with the fixed one, which is made of softer material, and in the second, both the blade and the counter-cutting plate have a curved shape.

For cutting flowers, herbaceous perennials, it is better to use a small pruner with thin blades.

In 1815, in France, for the first time, a tool called the pruner was used to trim vines. The name comes from the Latin seco, which means "to cut", "to cut".

For cutting thick branches, it is best to use secateurs equipped with a two-piece handle connected by a gear. Such secateurs are larger than usual and therefore more convenient to use.

Long-handled pruners, sometimes referred to as bush shears, will be needed to cut branches that conventional pruners cannot reach, such as those located in the middle of a bush, as well as when working with thorny bushes.

Shrub pruner can be double-sided and single-sided cutting. In the first case, the supporting blade has a crescent shape, which allows you to fix and cut a branch with a diameter of up to 50 mm. The groove necessary to drain the flowing juice of the plant reduces the contact area of ​​the cutting edges.

One-sided cutting shrub pruner is used mainly when pruning hard old branches. The surface area of ​​the supporting blade eliminates the displacement and rotation of the cropped plant branch relative to the cutting edge of the working blade, which allows cutting branches with a diameter of up to 30 mm.

Secateurs

Quite unusual is the air pruner, or, as it is often called, the stem pruner, with which gardeners cut the branches of trees located high. A pruner with a telescopic handle is especially convenient, with which you can adjust the length of the tool.

Despite the fact that the range of use of various secateurs is quite wide, in some cases they have to be replaced with other tools.

For cutting very thick branches and stems, it is preferable to use a tool specially designed for such work - a brush cutter.

Shrubs such as gooseberries, raspberries, currants have rather thick branches, which are recommended not to be cut with a pruner, but with scissors with elongated handles, otherwise called a brush cutter. This tool is equipped with long, well-sharpened blades and is very handy when trimming small shoots. Brush cutters can be double-sided and single-sided cutting.

The one-sided cutting brush cutter is equipped with a support blade that securely holds the cut stems and branches moving along the sharp cutting edge of the working blade. Such a tool is well suited for cutting hops or ivy.

When working with a brush cutter with a wavy cutting edge, keep in mind that the short length of the bends reduces the likelihood of the branch slipping when pruning, but at the same time, it is more difficult to cut the thicker branches of the plant.

If you use brush cutters with double-sided cutting when cutting such plants, they will crush the leaves.

The cutting edges of the double-sided hedge trimmer are straight and wavy. A tool with straight edges is mainly used for trimming branches of plants, the thickness of which does not exceed 15 mm. In addition, such a brush cutter is used for curly haircuts of dense shrubs.

Currently, there are brush cutter models that have a special notch near the hinge, which reduces the risk of thick rods and dry branches slipping along the cutting edge.

A brush cutter with wavy edges is necessary when cutting branches of horticultural crops, the thickness of which does not exceed 10 mm. With such a tool, pruning is carried out more accurately than with a tool with straight edges, since the branches do not slide along the cutting edges of the blades. The wave cutter is useful for cutting hedges and low-growing conifers.

Instead of secateurs with elongated handles, it is advisable to use a delimber for cutting high-lying branches. The tool is fixed on a long pole with a diameter of at least 25 mm and is actuated with a twine. The lopper can cut thick branches of plants without much effort, as it is equipped with a hinged-lever mechanism. The thickness of the branches that they can cut depends on the complexity of the mechanism.

Loppers with a power drive are in great demand among gardeners. The power mechanism of this tool increases its cutting ability. In specialized stores and garden centers, you can buy contact and planar loppers, the blades of which are made of stainless steel and treated with a Teflon compound, which reduces friction during operation. The handles of these loppers are most often made of fiberglass-reinforced polyamide. These tools are lightweight and very easy to use.

The small lopper has a curved bottom blade for better grip.

Lopper

The medium-sized power pruner is designed for cutting thick branches of trees and seedlings. Its blade is slightly curved, which provides an optimal grip on the knot.

A large power-driven lopper is essential for cutting thick branches of trees and shrubs. The lower blade of the lopper is curved for optimal branch grip. The medium-sized power-operated lopper is very easy to use and avoids stress when working. The tool is quite light, which is why it is popular among both amateurs and experienced gardeners.

Garden hacksaw - a saw with one handle, designed for cutting branches of horticultural crops.

Experienced gardeners usually have several hacksaws of different sizes, which are necessary for cutting branches of different sizes. For beginner amateur gardeners, one small folding hacksaw and one large one can be recommended.

Gardeners often have to deal with situations when they need to cut branches that are more than 3 cm thick. This cannot be done with pruners, as the tool can be damaged. In such cases, the best option is a garden saw, sometimes called a pruning saw. The garden variety of a hacksaw differs from a carpenter's saw in a curved blade and inclined teeth, which facilitate the process of trimming branches of trees and shrubs, and the likelihood of bending and breaking the blade is reduced.

If the correct sequence of pruning a plant branch is followed, it can be avoided breaking off, eliminating damage to the tree bark, which contributes to the formation of an even cut, which overgrows rather quickly.

Blade sizes may vary. With large tools, it is easy to cut thick branches of horticultural crops. Small hacksaws allow you to make an even and neat cut.

Manual folding file

When pruning branches whose diameter exceeds 80 mm, it is recommended to use not a garden saw, but an ordinary carpenter's saw with a tooth pitch of no more than 3 mm. Such a cut turns out to be rougher, the bark of the tree along its edges has scuffs, so it takes longer to grow.

Often, gardeners use various knives to trim branches of trees, shrubs and cut flowers, which must be well sharpened. Garden knives are suitable for pruning live and damaged, but not dry branches.

With this tool, you can cut shoots and clean up cuts after cutting thick branches with a hacksaw.

Using grafting knives, you can graft lilacs, roses, various fruit trees and shrubs. There are three types of such knives: for grafting by cuttings (copulation) with a straight blade, for grafting rootstocks of garden plants with a bud or eye (budding) with a slightly curved blade, and combined for performing both operations.

On the back side of the handles of all grafting knives there is an opener, otherwise called a bone, which is a protrusion designed to push the bark apart after an incision.

Budding knives consist of a steel blade and a smooth handle. The blade must be made of high quality steel. Such knives should be sharpened on a fine-grained bar, after which the blade must be brought to sharpness on a leather belt.

Every gardener needs to have at least one garden knife, regardless of the fact that pruning shears and brush cutters are mainly used when pruning branches. With a garden knife, it is easy to smooth out scuffs at the cut point, especially if the branch is thick.

Combined knives with two different blades are most in demand among gardeners, as they perform the functions of not only budding knives, but also copulation knives.

The pruning knife is one of the most common garden tools. It has no special purpose and is used for various jobs: trimming branches of trees and shrubs, preparing cuttings, cutting tree bark for grafting, cutting flowers.

Cutting scissors

In the formation of horticultural crops, scissors play a huge role, which are used for cutting, trimming non-lignified thin shoots and other works. In gardening, various scissors are used, the main features of which are convenience and good sharpening.

When cutting a garden fence, it is recommended to use special garden shears with a sharp blade. With this tool, you can cut hard-to-reach branches, since the design of the scissors provides for the possibility of installing cutting blades in three different positions, thereby facilitating the formation of a garden fence.

In addition, the blades are arranged in such a way that in any of the three positions they are constantly self-sharpening.

Power-driven shears with a lever are lightweight and are used for trimming hedges. The handles of the tool are made of glass fiber reinforced polyamide, the ends of the handles are made of plastic, which prevents slipping in the hands, ensuring safety when working with this tool. The cutting ability of such scissors is increased by stainless blades and a power mechanism - a lever.

Gardening scissors

Lever-operated grass, hedge and shrub cutter handles are made of glass-fibre reinforced polyamide. The cutting ability of the tool is increased by the leverage. At the same time, the light weight and compactness of the scissors are of no small importance, allowing you to cut the branches of plants in the most inaccessible places. For greater convenience in work, the installation angle of the cutting part can be adjusted within 270 °.

To trim the edges of the lawn, you need special curb shears with long handles, which can also be used to level the grass in height.

Light small scissors are recommended for cutting cuttings, trimming shoots of fruit trees, cutting stems, the thickness of which does not exceed 10 mm. Notches located on the base blade of the scissors prevent smooth or wet branches from sliding on it.

Often, when pruning horticultural crops, it becomes necessary to use a saw. It is not recommended to use it when cutting small branches of trees and shrubs, since the cut edge is often uneven and this negatively affects the growth and fruiting of the crop.

However, for the removal of large hardened branches, trunk forks, a saw is the optimal tool. In order for sawing off not to cause much harm to horticultural crops, only special saws should be used.

The bow saw has a double-sided sharpening, sawing well in two directions. The tool is equipped with "planing" teeth, which increase the cutting ability of the saw, regardless of the composition and condition of the wood (wet, dry).

Of great importance when carrying out garden work are the dimensions of the tool. Small devices are much more convenient to use than large ones. Weight does not play such an important role, since it usually does not exceed 1 kg, although individual tools can weigh more.

The bow saw has a protector to protect the gardener's fingers while working, a magnetic casing for safe transportation and a replaceable blade.

When working with a bow saw, you can cut small trunks and thick branches of plants in hard-to-reach places.

Often, gardeners use a lightweight folding saw that is equipped with a secure locking latch, a finger protection system. The handle of the product is usually made of durable fiberglass reinforced polyamide. The blade of such a saw is made of hardened steel and usually has a length of about 160 mm.

In addition, the folding saw is equipped with a clip made of fiberglass reinforced plastic for attaching the tool to a belt.

Saw

In specialized stores, you can purchase various garden tools designed for tillage. It is best to give preference to tools designed to make the gardener's job as easy as possible and able to reduce the load on the back and shoulders. Shanks of shovels and other tools should be comfortable, suitable in length and thickness.

Tool handles are most often made of varnished wood, less often of durable plastic or steel pipes.

The most commonly used tool by gardeners is the shovel, made of durable stainless steel with a thin blade. Shovels are designed for digging up soil, digging holes, etc. They can also be used for other tasks, such as removing debris. There are several types of shovels used in gardening.

Digging with a garden shovel

Lightweight general purpose shovel consists of a strong handle and a sharpened metal blade. The handle is most often made of aluminum with a rubber coating, and the blade is made of hardened aluminum.

Folding shovels made of hardened boron steel, aluminum and plastic are very convenient and practical. Such shovels are indispensable for various works in the summer cottage and, due to their compactness, do not cause much trouble during transportation.

Telescopic garden shovels are convenient because you can vary the length of their handle, and due to their light weight they do not create inconvenience during transportation. The blades of such shovels are usually made of durable boron steel, and the angle of inclination of the handle is 13 °. With this tool, you can cut the roots of plants, form lawns.

shovel

For digging the soil, it is best to use large bayonet shovels. Due to the pointed shape of the blade, such shovels easily penetrate to great depths and turn over the layers of soil.

bayonet shovel

Heavy soil attachment

A shovel is good for preparing soil mixtures, applying organic fertilizers or other work related to bulk materials.

The rake is a metal nozzle with teeth arranged at right angles, fixed on the handle. The tool is used when cutting beds on a garden plot, cleaning leaves and debris, evenly distributing fertilizers over the soil surface and other works. In specialized stores and garden centers you can find a wide variety of types of rakes.

Leveling the soil with a rake

Very practical rake with interchangeable nozzles of various shapes. Typically, the handle of such a rake is made of lightweight aluminum, and the nozzles are made of durable plastic. The advantage of this tool is that plastic nozzles are not susceptible to rust when in contact with wet grass or soil, and the main disadvantage is lower strength compared to metal rakes.

Rake

Depending on the design, the purpose of the rake varies. The most common rake has 11 short and strong teeth, used for working with soil and raking grass and leaves.

The leaf rake has 25 long, often spaced, springy teeth that provide efficient harvesting.

The small leaf rake has 7 long, springy teeth. This tool is useful for raking leaves in hard-to-reach places, between tall plants and under bushes.

The large leaf rake has 25 curved teeth to prevent branches from getting stuck in the rake. They are very handy when working in large areas.

The fork is a steel nozzle with long, straight, sharp teeth, mounted on a handle. This tool is used for loosening the soil after digging. In addition, forks are used for other types of work, such as stacking hay or straw.

Recently, sharp and durable 4-prong telescopic garden forks have been introduced, which are great for working on areas with hard, stony soil. The bending angle of the handle is 13°.

Pitchfork

A useful auxiliary tool when working in the garden is a scoop, which is a small shovel with a short handle and curved sides.

Trowel

A variety of scoops made of fiberglass reinforced polyamide are now available at garden centers and can withstand temperatures of 40-150°C. This tool is durable, easy to clean from dirt, the edges of the blade are rounded, which reduces the likelihood of damage to plant roots. The blade can be sharpened if necessary.

The roller is a tool consisting of a roller of various widths and shapes and a handle attached to it. This device is used to till the surface of the soil. Rolling helps to increase moisture permeability, allows you to accelerate the decomposition of organic fertilizers. To compact and level too loose soil, smooth rollers are used, and for easy mixing of the upper layers of the soil and improving its structure before sowing, ringed and ribbed ones are used.

Harrows - tools used for pre-sowing tillage, there are several types. Conventional harrows, with the help of which harrowing is carried out, that is, loosening and mixing of the upper layers of the soil, have two varieties - tooth and disk. In the most common tine harrows, the elements loosening the soil are sharp teeth, while in disc harrows they are replaced by discs with a diameter of 4–5 cm.

For sanding - leveling the soil surface and crushing lumps - shovels of various designs and trains are used. These attachments spray less soil than harrows and allow the best possible preparation of the site for sowing.

Mechanical tools occupy a special place among garden tools. Mechanisms for tillage, depending on the power of the motor and the number of functions performed, are divided into three classes: light, medium and heavy. An important characteristic of these mechanisms is also the size of the covered area and the depth of tillage.

Motor cultivators can run on gasoline or electricity. The former are safer, they can be used at a considerable distance from the garden house. Electric cultivators are more environmentally friendly, but their main disadvantage is that the length of the wire limits the use of devices.

Light motor cultivators are relatively inexpensive, but they have a short engine life and are often equipped with a small number of attachments. Motor rippers belong to the same class - units for hilling, weeding and loosening of row spacings - and motor cutters suitable for surface tillage (to a depth of 10–15 cm).

Light units include cultivators with a capacity of 2-4 liters. With. and small engine size. They are suitable for processing small plots of soil (6-10 acres). The grip width is 30–80 cm, the working depth is 20–25 cm. The weight of such cultivators is on average 10–25 kg, so their use does not require the application of great physical strength.

Middle class units have a 4.5–8 hp engine. s., the width of the treated surface is 50–80 cm, weigh 70–80 kg. They have higher productivity and are designed to process fairly large areas - from 10 to 30 acres. Such machines are often equipped with various tillage devices: a plow, a hiller, a mower, a snow blower, etc. Additional equipment can also be purchased separately, depending on the need on the farm. Heavy equipment is designed for professional use in large farms. It can be used for almost all types of horticultural work, as well as for transporting goods, chopping grass and household waste, snow removal and much more. The engine power of heavy walk-behind tractors is on average 14–16 hp. With.

Cultivators weighing 9 kg cultivate a surface 23 cm wide. These units run on a mixture of AI-95 gasoline and oil. Serpentine cutters are convenient for processing hard soil.

Motor cultivator

Such mechanisms are equipped with several attachments that allow you to perform various operations: plowing, cultivating, weeding, hilling, aerating, pruning plants, cleaning paths, cutting shrubs, etc.

Cultivators weighing 14.5 kg cultivate a surface 30 cm wide. Engine power is 2.5 liters. With. AI-92 gasoline is used as fuel. These units are equipped with prefabricated cutters and a folding steering wheel. They are mainly used for loosening, weeding, soil aeration.

Cultivators weighing 35 kg cultivate a surface 52 cm wide. Engine power is 2.4 liters. With. These cultivators are equipped with a front wheel for easy transport. The steering wheel is equipped with a mechanism that allows you to adjust its height. Hinged mechanisms help to carry out a lot of agricultural work.

Cultivators weighing 43 kg cultivate a surface 65 cm wide. Engine power is 4 liters. With. These models are equipped with attachments and a comfortable steering wheel, adjustable vertically and horizontally.

A 75 mm wide hand mini-cultivator can be used on a plot of any size. This tool is highly durable, does not bend when digging up excessively dry soil, and is convenient in that its use does not require gasoline or another source of energy.

The use of walk-behind tractors greatly facilitates the work of the gardener, especially if it is necessary to cultivate large areas of land. They can be used for a wide range of gardening jobs: digging, loosening, hilling, killing weeds, fertilizing, etc. Models are currently on sale that perform more than 30 operations thanks to the various attachments included in the kit.

When choosing motoblocks and motor cultivators, first of all, it is necessary to determine the scope and types of work that you intend to carry out on your site. Lightweight walk-behind tractors are well suited for row spacing, but have low productivity. Motoblocks of the middle and heavy class have a higher resource and a large working width. For example, a walk-behind tractor weighing 64 kg is equipped with a 5.5 liter engine. With. This unit is multifunctional, equipped with a power take-off shaft and a hitch for attaching a mower, snow plow, etc.

Motoblock

Motor cultivators and motor blocks of imported production run on AI-92 or AI-95 gasoline, for domestic ones you can use the cheaper AI-76.

Small tractors make it easy to work the soil in large areas. Modern models are highly maneuverable and small in size, which allows them to be used for work in the garden, in the garden, and on the farm.

When buying walk-behind tractors and other equipment, it should be borne in mind that the higher the engine power, the more expensive the unit. Domestic agricultural mechanisms are cheaper, it is easier to find spare parts for them, however, imported walk-behind tractors from well-known companies are more convenient to use and often of higher quality.

A chopper is a tool consisting of a metal nozzle with teeth attached to a long handle. This tool is irreplaceable during the work in a garden and a kitchen garden. There are several types of hoes. Their length can vary from 25 to 40 cm; teeth can be 2 or 3. The shape of the nozzle is rectangular or triangular.

The breakdown of flower beds and the creation of beds on the site should be started only after large plants are planted - fruit and berry and ornamental trees and shrubs. To do this, you will need rakes, forks, choppers, rippers and other tools.

Device for marking beds

A ripper, or, as gardeners often call it, a scratch rake, is used when loosening row spacings in beds with vegetable or flower crops. The tool consists of a nozzle with long sharp teeth made of high-strength steel and a shortened wooden handle.

Ripper

For sowing seeds, you will need special containers in which seedlings, pegs, garden cords, planting hoes and seeders of various designs are grown.

Not all seeds can be immediately sown in the soil. Many heat-loving crops do not tolerate spring cold, and some plants take quite a long time to germinate, so the seeds of such crops are recommended to be sown in boxes, pots and containers in advance, at a time suitable for each plant.

The seeds are sown first in wide low boxes, and some time after the shoots appear, the sprouts are transplanted into separate containers or larger containers. Seedlings are usually transplanted into open ground in late spring - early summer, depending on the characteristics of each plant.

Pots up to 10 cm high, no more than 98 mm in diameter, and with a capacity of about 0.35 liters are considered to be the most suitable for growing seedlings.

seedling pots

For shallow planting of seeds when sowing them directly into the soil, usually no devices are required, and if the seeds need to be planted at a considerable depth, gardeners use a peg with marks at different levels.

With the help of such a peg, a recess is made in the ground into which seeds are laid.

The cord is used when sowing in order to create even rows of the same length. The cord is tied to two pegs dug into the ground, fixed 1–2 cm above the soil level, and seeds are sown along the resulting line or seedlings are planted.

When planting plants, you can use a special fork, which looks like a cultivator. The width of the fork is approximately 8 cm. The tool is equipped with four teeth that level the soil well.

Hand fork

The planter is used to create holes for seedlings. The tool looks like an ordinary chopper.

For planting bulbs, many gardeners use a special device that facilitates work and ensures an even distribution of planting bulbs in the garden.

Device for transplanting bulbs and seedlings

Bulb planter

A flat cutter is a tool with a hook-shaped metal nozzle attached to a short handle. The most common is Fokin's flat cutter, used for loosening and simultaneous weeding of the soil.

flat cutter

An aerator is a device for artificially saturating the soil with air in order to quickly oxidize the organic substances contained in it. This tool can be used both to supply plant roots with oxygen and to remove small weeds before sowing seeds. The aerator is an indispensable tool for lawn care, as it prevents grass from matting and hardening of the topsoil.

For large areas, a gas-powered aerator can be used.

Soil aeration device

Hilling is the process of piling loose, moist soil to the bottom of the plant with the necessary garden tools. Hilling improves root development and protects plants from frost.

For hilling, a chopper, a hoe, a hiller are needed.

A hoe is a hand-held gardening tool designed for loosening the earth and consisting of a long handle and a tip attached to it, most often made of high-strength steel.

Hoe

The tool can be used for inter-row cultivation, loosening the soil, cutting weeds, selecting seedlings and hilling potatoes and celery. The large hoe is equipped with a special 16.5 x 10 cm head for easy handling and a 1.5 m long handle.

The gardener is assisted in his work by a double-ended hoe 1.3 m long, a semi-circular hoe and a hoe with a wooden handle, equipped with a nozzle measuring 16 x 9 cm and a handle 1.2 m long.

Often used in garden plots combined hoes with straight and sharp nozzles, equipped with a weeder.

The onion hoe is equipped with a blade 7–8 cm wide and is intended for inter-row cultivation during the germination period.

Hoe-cat with three or five teeth is used for inter-row loosening and removal of weeds.

For laying furrows and hilling, a hiller is used. It should be adjustable depending on the width of the furrow and self-deep during operation. The latter property makes it possible to reduce physical effort during tillage. Depending on the number of furrows being processed, hillers are divided into single and double.

For weeding between rows, a cultivator and a weeder are used. The latter device allows the removal of weeds without damaging the cultivated plants. Additionally, you can purchase the following devices: grouser weeders and hillers, weeders for processing row spacing, protective discs.

Seeders are used to simplify sowing work in case you have to sow large areas. There are several types of seeders.

The manual lawn seeder is a hopper equipped with a handle. It is suitable for working on flat areas of the garden, it is very good to use it for seeding medium-sized lawns. By turning the handle, you can evenly distribute the seeds. The seeder can also be used for fertilizing the soil.

The lawn seeder on wheels is designed for sowing lawns of a large area. The seed hopper of such a seeder can be up to 12 liters. The bunker is equipped with two wheels and a handle. A special key allows you to adjust the sowing density. The lawn seeder can also be used for fertilization.

For planting seedlings in open ground, as well as for transplanting perennials to a new place, you can use a scoop with a short handle, which can be easily sharpened if necessary. The scoop allows you to transfer plants along with a clod of earth and plant them in a prepared place without damaging the roots and stems.

Gardeners use various methods of irrigation on their plots. Surface irrigation is used to flush saline soils. Thanks to this method of irrigation, a supply of moisture is created in the soil, which is most important for regions with a hot climate.

In order to carry out surface irrigation, a metal pipeline should be laid on the garden plot. The main pipe with the largest diameter must be placed across the slope of the site.

Pipes of smaller diameter should be laid in the middle of the row spacing, and branches should be drawn into bowls, holes, checks.

Pipes must be connected by oxy-fuel welding. To regulate the flow of water, taps should be mounted further from the junction of the pipes.

Irrigation by holes-rings and bowls is used in gardens located on horizontal ledges and slopes. This type of irrigation involves watering each tree. In addition, it is recommended to carry out it in areas where horticultural crops are planted in no particular order.

Preparation of the garden for watering in holes-rings and bowls is done with the help of a hoe and a shovel. In this case, the size of the holes and bowls should correspond to the crown of the tree.

For irrigation in bowls, it is necessary to dig a hole with a diameter of 2–4 m around each tree, and then distribute the loose earth around the circumference of the resulting depression.

Irrigation in bowls has a number of disadvantages, since the structure of the soil is disturbed and its strong compaction occurs, the air supply to the roots of plants deteriorates, and large manual labor costs are required.

In order to irrigate in ring holes, it is necessary to dig an annular ditch around each tree with a depth of 0.3–0.4 m and a width of up to 2 m, and then fill it with water in several steps.

Watering on checks provides watering of each tree. In this case, you need to dig square holes 30–35 cm deep from four sides and fill them with water in several stages.

The disadvantage of watering by checks is the uneven watering of the territory of the garden plot.

Furrow irrigation is the most perfect and common of all irrigation methods, as it evenly irrigates the garden and water is used sparingly.

For such irrigation, parallel furrows should be laid along a site with a slight slope, and then filled with water in several stages.

In order not to damage the roots of plants in the garden, it is recommended to cut furrows 15 cm deep at a distance of 70-80 cm from each other.

Timely watering is necessary for all plants, without exception, so the site must be equipped with a water supply system.

The simplest and most common tool for watering plants is a watering can. Watering cans sold in specialized stores can be made of stainless steel or durable molded plastic. Plastic watering cans are much more convenient than metal watering cans, as they weigh much less, and therefore their use does not require significant physical effort. Often, various nozzles are attached to the watering cans, with which you can adjust the thickness of the water jet and choose the method of spraying.

Nozzles must be tightly attached to the spout of the watering can, as if they are not firmly fixed, they can break off during watering and damage the plants.

With the help of a watering can, you can not only water, but also apply liquid fertilizers and herbicides. For this purpose, it is best to use a special nozzle in the form of a rod with small holes.

The disadvantage of this device is that its use is quite laborious, and it is advisable to use a watering can only in small areas.

Watering from a watering can

For watering plants in large and medium-sized areas, hoses of various lengths and diameters are indispensable. A conventional hose is a flexible tube made of several layers of rubberized material and coated inside and out with a layer of rubber. In addition to rubber, there are plastic hoses.

There are hoses:

– depending on the material from which they are made (rubber, elastomer, thermoplastic, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, etc.);

- depending on the technical characteristics (low-pressure and high-pressure);

- depending on the diameter of the section.

When choosing a hose for a garden plot, first of all, you need to pay attention to the following points:

1. Service life. It can vary from 1 to 15 years and depends on the material.

2. Ease of use. The hose must be flexible and elastic, easy to wind and not twist. Fittings for connecting to the water supply and a variety of nozzles for irrigation should be attached to it.

3. Wear resistance. The hose must have high strength, resistance to mechanical damage, maintain elasticity in bends.

Recently, hoses made of polymeric materials have been popular with gardeners. They are more durable than rubber. Reinforced hoses are also produced, which retain their shape and are resistant to water pressure drops and mechanical stress.

garden hose

To spray water during irrigation, you can use special hoses, inside of which there are three semi-cylindrical channels, reinforced on a plastic base. They allow you to use water more economically.

It is not recommended to use corrugated hoses for irrigation, as mineral and organic deposits quickly accumulate in them, especially when using water from natural reservoirs. In addition, damage quickly appears in their walls, through which water flows.

Porous hoses are used for watering plants with shallow root systems. They are laid next to the beds and flower borders. Water enters the soil gradually, which not only saves it, but also prevents soil erosion.

If the garden area is large, you will need long hoses. For ease of use, they are equipped with drums with a handle that allows you to easily fold the hose if necessary. The reels can be completed with a trolley and equipped with a through-flow system that allows the hose to be used in a rolled state.

On a large garden plot, it is convenient to lay several stationary pipes with taps, to which you can attach a piece of hose. Pipes can be either metal or plastic. The latter are preferable, since they do not require welding to connect to each other. They are made of modern high-tech materials that can withstand temperature extremes and can be used outdoors for a long time. Instead of plastic pipes, you can also use durable plastic hoses of a suitable diameter.

Hoses are also used for the installation of drainage systems in garden plots. Usually for this purpose corrugated hoses with a smooth inner surface are used, in the walls of which there are holes. Drainage hoses for sandy soils are equipped with a textile cover, while hoses for clay soils are equipped with a coconut fiber surface filter.

Pumps are needed in a summer cottage to take water from open reservoirs and ensure the operation of sprinklers and sprinklers. Pumps can have various modifications. Their main technical characteristics are:

– power;

- suction height;

- performance.

Pumps are submersible and suction.

Suction pumps are used to draw water from wells or wells up to a depth of 7 m. They can be installed in a suitable place by lowering the suction hose into the water. The water supply starts automatically when the tap is opened.

Submersible pumps are used for wells with a depth of more than 8 m. They consist of a diaphragm pressure tank, a pressure pipe, a valve, a pressure gauge to maintain a constant water pressure, a shut-off valve, a motor and a control device. The membrane tank allows you to maintain a supply of water. The pump turns on automatically when the tank is empty. Since frequent switching on and off of the pump leads to rapid wear of the pump, it is recommended to use large volume tanks.

For small garden plots, it is better to purchase a low-power pump, it consumes less electricity and costs less. More powerful pumps are relatively expensive, but they can not do without a significant flow of water.

The performance of the pump affects the water pressure in the pipes and should not be less than 600 l / h.

The water used for the automatic irrigation system is recommended to be defended, for which special containers must be purchased. If there is a small pond or pond on the garden plot from which you can take water, then it is not necessary to defend it. If funds allow, you can purchase special filters that purify water not only from large mechanical particles, but also from metal salts dissolved in it.

Larger pumps are designed to be multifunctional and are sold at garden centers complete with a set of accessories. The power of the pumps varies between 450-7000 l/h.

Such pumps are equipped with a filter for water purification, which avoids the additional costs of purchasing separate filters. Purified water favorably affects the growth and flowering of horticultural crops.

Pump motors, thanks to computer simulation of the magnetic circuit, have a long service life, and the quality of the operation of these units is one of the highest.

There are pumps with special fuses, which exclude the possibility of damage in the event of an unexpected blockage of the pump.

Pumps with ceramic shaft and heavy duty metal bearings have the longest service life. For installation on uneven ground surfaces, pumps with a low center of gravity are best suited.

Pumps can be used not only for the installation of an irrigation system, but also for the decorative design of the site. Low power pumps are used to create streams, waterfalls, cascades, etc.

Water pistols and sprayers are indispensable in small garden areas, as they provide uniform watering of all garden crops.

The water pistol has a lever and a setting that regulates the flow of water in a flat or cone-shaped jet.

Sprayers are equipped with tanks of various capacities and allow for small-drop watering of plants and their spraying.

Plastic bottle sprayer

spray gun

In order to facilitate the work of gardeners, modern manufacturers of garden tools have developed a variety of automatic irrigation systems that allow you to save water and constantly maintain the desired level of soil moisture. Turning the system on and off is done using timers that can be programmed for different times, intensity and duration of watering.

Automatic irrigation systems can be divided into 3 groups: drip irrigation hoses, rotary and sector watering heads.

For root irrigation of horticultural crops, it is recommended to use drip irrigation hoses, which do not require complex installation and provide economical directional irrigation of horticultural crops.

The radius of action of sector watering heads is small (up to 1.5 m), but they are quite decorative, especially in combination with lighting, and give an interesting look to the irrigated area.

Pulsating sprinklers and sprinklers are popular with experienced and novice gardeners.

Some models are equipped with a choice of standard or fine water spray and continuous operation motors. The spray rod is equipped with 10–15 holes. The area covered is approximately 180 m2.

A distinctive feature of watering heads is that they are invisible when not in use. During irrigation, these devices emerge from the ground and work for a specified time.

More advanced models are equipped with a spray rod with a large number of holes. These sprinklers can be installed in areas larger than 200 m2.

Sprinkler

For example, the "Queen" sprinkler model is equipped with 20 brass nozzles and provides improved jet direction and a large coverage area (260 m2). Combined pulsators-sprinklers differ from conventional ones in that, in addition to spraying water, they can provide a different irrigation rhythm.

The design of the sprinkler includes a plastic cylinder and a pulsator with holes. Sprinklers of this type are recommended to be installed in areas with an area of ​​​​at least 230 square meters. m2.

More powerful combined pulsator-sprinklers, with coverage in excess of 320 m2, have more holes for more precise watering. Five small holes on the back of the cylinder allow you to choose the rate of watering.

The Spike Sprinkler provides circular watering with a fine spray and is ideal for use in small areas.

The rotary sprinkler is designed for gardening with low water pressure.

The rotary spike sprinkler irrigates with a rotary nozzle. Large splashes cover fairly large areas. A static sprinkler sprays specific areas of the garden with fine jets of water.

The sprinkler with a scale is multifunctional. It is a non-rotating sled sprinkler that covers square, rectangular, circular and semi-circular areas of the garden, which can be watered using the graduated dial located on the front of the sprinkler.

The adjustable rotary sprinkler is a skid version equipped with three nozzles, each of which is adjustable for the type of jet and garden area to be covered. Nozzles can be set to spray medium to coarse spray. The sprinkler is recommended for use in large garden areas. A distinctive feature of this device is a rotating head that concentrates the jet. The sprinkler evenly covers a large circular area of ​​the garden with fine sprays.

Spike and tee pulsing sprinklers have an additional stud stuck into the ground or a three legged tee base. For stability during operation, the tee is recommended to be filled with water.

The spiked pulsator is equipped with a circular plastic sprinkler on a spiked base.

The adjustable spiked pulsator is made of plastic and equipped with a circular and semi-circular sprinkler on a spiked base.

The adjustable treble pulsator is equipped with circular and semi-circular spray arms for precise spray direction. The pulsator is mounted on a plastic base.

The Rotary Tripod Sprayer is mounted on a tripod and equipped with a rotating rod head sprayer with adjustable nozzles that provide a circular coverage of the garden area with fine, medium and coarse spray.

The adjustable tripod pulsator has a metal tripod and is perfect for watering tall plants. The metal spray head of the pulsator is adjustable for circular and semi-circular garden coverage.

The adjustable metal tripod with built-in male spigot has a wide base for maximum stability when operating on uneven ground surfaces.

The sprinkler is an installation designed for drip irrigation of garden plots of a large area. There are various models of sprinklers.

Rectangular sprinklers are equipped with a programmable device to set the range and width of the irrigated area. The sprinkler has 21 nozzles, 10 of which are selectable.

The irrigation area of ​​this device varies between 45-325 m2. The maximum width of the irrigated area is 17 m.

The impulse sprinkler is a programmable device that is equipped with folding stabilizers, and its range varies between 5-13 m.

Pivot sprinklers are equipped with nozzles with adjustable heads. The devices are suitable for watering a plot up to 130 m2. The diameter of the watered circle is 13 m.

A small sprinkler is used mainly in small garden plots. Its use saves time and facilitates the work of the gardener. The sprinkler is installed on a piece of iron pipe dug into the ground, the length of which does not exceed 1 m, and connected to a water hose near the soil surface.

Sprinkler "Segner's wheel" consists of a horizontal tube with two spray heads at the ends and a short vertical tube connecting the horizontal with a hose that supplies water.

During the operation of the sprinkler, water is sprayed from a rotating tube for several meters.

The “Snail” sprinkler is equipped with a hose, with the help of which water is supplied to the nozzle through the nozzle tangentially. Jets of water, taking the form of an umbrella, irrigate the area within a radius of 1–2 m.

After watering one piece of land, the sprinkler is transferred to another. In addition, fine mist spray can be used. It is used under unfavorable climatic conditions for plants, for example, during droughts and dry winds.

One of the final stages of work on the garden plot is harvesting. There are various devices that make it easier for the gardener to pick up ripe vegetables, berries and fruits.

In many specialty stores, a fruit basket made of cotton is sold in addition to the lopper. It attaches quickly and easily to the lopper. With the help of such a basket, fruit picking is simplified, and the fruits are not damaged. The compact shape of the basket allows you to work in hard-to-reach places, among densely overgrown branches of trees and shrubs.

To dig up root crops, you can use a plow or a potato digger, which is more preferable because it does not damage the tubers.

Many gardeners harvest in buckets, fruit collectors, and special boxes and buckets designed for picking berries.

Bucket

Currently, many owners of garden and summer cottages are striving to create lawns on their site that delight the eye with fresh green grass. Keeping a lawn in order is not difficult if the household has a good lawn mower. There are many companies that offer a variety of lawn mowers to choose from for both experienced and novice gardeners.

Many foreign firms producing agricultural equipment present on the Russian market a huge number of models of electric and gasoline lawn mowers, as well as electric and gasoline trimmers.

A lawn mower is a machine designed for cutting grass on lawns, providing a uniform cut of grass and its uniform length. There are many different models of lawn mowers, among which every gardener can choose the right one.

The most popular among Russian gardeners are electric lawn mowers. Most often, such models have an 800 W motor. The volume of the grass collecting container can be 25 liters. After working with such a lawn mower, you just need to shake out the cut grass.

lawn mower

The body of electric lawn mowers is made of high-strength plastic and ensures long-term operation. A metal knife in one pass can mow a path up to 35 cm wide. In addition, when working with such a lawn mower, it is possible to choose one of several height cutting options. Lawn mowers are equipped with double protection against electric current and an accidental start-up blocker, which eliminates the occurrence of any troubles during operation.

For mowing a lawn up to 800 m2, you can use more powerful models of lawn mowers, the working width of which is 43 and 47 cm. These units are equipped with a steel body.

Using a multifunctional lawn mower with an automatic transmission allows you to achieve perfect results when cutting and collecting grass. The automatic transmission selects the speed of the lawnmower regardless of its engine speed.

In addition, these lawn mowers can be equipped with an electric start system and a mulching system that allows you to mow and fertilize the lawn at the same time.

Lawn mowers with a one-piece cast aluminum body are highly durable. It is best to choose models with knives made of solid spring steel and a multi-stage handle adjustment system.

The built-in grass catcher full indicator is able to notify the gardener in time of the necessary cleaning.

Gasoline-powered lawn mowers are indispensable in garden areas remote from the city, where there is no electricity, as well as in large areas. The average engine power of such lawn mowers is 3.5 liters. with., thanks to which they can be used for mowing lawns, the area of ​​​​which is more than 800 m2.

Gasoline lawn mowers have a metal body, a four-stroke engine and grass collectors with a capacity of up to 70 liters, their working width varies from 47 to 53 cm.

In recent years, mini-tractor lawn mowers have become increasingly popular, on which you can move in any direction, mowing the grass.

The scythe is the most common tool for mowing grass. Along with traditional scythes, equipped with sharp cutting blades attached to a long handle, there are more advanced models of this tool.

Recently appeared on the Russian market, convenient electric motorized scythes are in increasing demand among gardeners.

Spit

The scythes are mainly used for finishing work in the garden and for cutting overgrown grass in places inaccessible to lawn mowers. With the help of motorized scythes it is possible to finish lawns along the edges of walls, paths, houses, fences, shrubs and around flower beds.

The motorized scythe can be adjusted in height depending on the height of the user. In addition, the scythe handle rotates 180° and the head rotates 45°, allowing you to cut grass vertically along the edge of the lawn.

A cordless motorized scythe has an advantage over an electric scythe, which lies in the fact that it can be operated far from an energy source. In addition, when mowing grass, the cordless scythe does not interfere with the power cable.

The handle of such a scythe is adjustable in height and length, turning 180 °. The 45° scythe head allows you to work in hard-to-reach areas. You can increase the duration of the braid with an additional replaceable battery.

The high power electric scythe is lightweight and suitable for mowing grass in small areas. Such a braid is indispensable when decorating the edge of lawns, edging paths. With the help of a high-power electric scythe, you can mow grass near fences, walls of houses and other obstacles without making additional efforts.

A distinctive feature of such a braid is that it does not create much noise during operation and does not require additional maintenance.

Electric scythes of high power are equipped with a cable length limiter that prevents it from being disconnected from the device, and a device for protecting the engine, which ensures safety during operation at high loads. In addition, with such braids, the position of the handle can be adjusted in accordance with the height of the user and the characteristics of the mowing process. Braids in most cases have a protective visor that meets safety standards. The shape of the scythe allows you to take a stable position on the ground. Synthetic filaments cut grass smoothly and effortlessly.

When working in narrow hard-to-reach areas, it is recommended to use a brushcutter carried on the back. This device is quite economical and convenient to use.

As additional equipment, the brushcutters are supplied with grease for felt seals, a 4-toothed metal knife with a diameter of 230 mm, a reel of line with a semi-automatic feed, a line with a diameter of 2.4 m, a length of 15 m.

A specially designed mini-tractor will help to make the work of the gardener as easy as possible when mowing lawns of a large area, which ensures fast and even mowing of the grass.

The most common model of a mini lawn tractor weighing 185 kg in one pass processes a surface 72 cm wide. Engine power is 10.5 hp. With. The model is equipped with counter blades, with which the grass is mowed, and a 170 l grass collector, which is emptied using a hydraulic device. The mini-tractor is designed for lawn care of a large area.

The garden shredder is designed for shredding foliage and branches when cutting trees and shrubs and grass when mowing a lawn. This device produces compost and mulch mass from waste scraps.

The chipper is equipped with a multifunctional gear wheel, a rotating chipper knife, a blade knife and an aluminum shear plate. These devices cut branches into chips and shred leaves and grass.

To make compost, you need to mix 2/3 nitrogen-containing green waste and 1/3 carbon wood waste. The mixture is recommended to be kept in a place protected from excessive moisture and drying out. To obtain high-quality fertilizer, the mass needs contact with the soil. At the same time, organic waste is converted into nutrient-rich compost.

The grinder has a funnel that provides the ability to work with a reduced noise level. The simple design of the rotating blades and reliable protection against incorrect installation allow you to shred garden material by 100%.

The long service life of the garden shredder and the reliability of its operation is ensured by the materials used in its manufacture, resistant to corrosion and weathering. In addition, the units are equipped with an electromechanical safety interlock, a phase switch, which complies with the basic safety regulations for working with a grinder.

Large wheels make it easy to transport the unit and ensure its stable position during operation.

If the garden area has a small area, it is not necessary to purchase a lawn mower. It can be replaced by a trimmer. This device consists of a rod with a cutting head fixed at the end, inside of which there is a reel with a cord (special fishing line) wound around it. Before work, one or two pieces of fishing line of the required length are pulled out of the reel (depending on the trimmer model), which are fixed with clamps. The motor of the device sets the cord in motion, as a result of which a kind of sharp knife is formed, rotating at a speed of 25 m / s.

The trimmer easily cuts grass, green shoots of garden plants and fruit bushes. The width of the cultivated surface is 23-40 cm, which allows you to mow grass in the aisles and hard-to-reach areas of the garden.

The cutting head can be rotated 90°, making the trimmer suitable for cutting slopes and leveling curbs. In some models of trimmers, instead of fishing line, additional nozzles are used, made of durable plastic or metal. With such knives it is convenient to cut thick shoots and stems, as well as branches with a diameter of up to 0.5 cm.

Trimmers weigh from 3 to 8 kg, equipped with a convenient telescopic handle and shoulder straps.

Top-mounted electric trimmers can be used when cutting wet grass. The power of the trimmer is 1000 W, the cutting head makes 8500 revolutions per minute. Capture width - 37 cm.

Distinctive qualities of electric trimmers are vibration protection and protection of the engine from overheating.

It should be noted that trimmers are safe to use. In case of accidental contact with solid obstacles (stones, stumps, metal pipes), the cord simply breaks.

Trimmer motors can run on electricity or gasoline. Electric motors have a power of 0.22 to 1.1 kW. They are located in the cutting head above the reel (in compact lightweight models) or on the handle of the device. Please note that low-motor trimmers cannot be used on wet grass.

Gasoline engines for trimmers can have a volume of 20–50 cm3 and a power of 0.7–2.6 liters. With. The fuel for them is a mixture of gasoline and engine oil. Special additives and catalysts reduce the level of emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere.

In addition to all of the above, for lawn care and mowing the above-ground parts of plants, knife or rotary mowers can be attached to the walk-behind tractor. They must be equipped with a device that regulates the height of the grass cut. Rotary mowers are suitable for processing large areas with a flat surface, knife mowers can be used on slopes.

After autumn leaf fall, cutting trees, pruning shrubs, mowing grass and other work, a lot of garbage and unnecessary waste often remains on the site, which clutter up the garden and spoil its appearance. With the help of various devices, it is possible to facilitate and speed up the cleaning of the territory from debris.

A garden vacuum cleaner can be of great help in cleaning the garden. This device has great power, low weight and operates almost silently.

With the help of a garden vacuum cleaner, you can remove leaves, remaining mowed grass, crumbled needles, light debris and even snow. The device is equipped with a large, durable trash bag, which usually has a zipper for easy emptying.

When removing large waste from the site (sawn branches, cuttings of boards, etc.), it is recommended to use a wooden or steel wheelbarrow. To transport goods weighing 300–500 kg, you can use a trolley attached to the walk-behind tractor.

garden wheelbarrow

There are 4 main methods of pest control: agrotechnical, mechanical, chemical and biological.

The agrotechnical method of combating pests and diseases consists mainly in the prevention of their occurrence. With the help of various measures, the resistance of plants to adverse environmental factors is increased.

The choice of soil plays a significant role in growing plants. It should be remembered that in each region the composition of the soil is different, in addition, the quality of the soil on the site is determined by many factors: nutritional value, duration of use, location of groundwater. All these indicators should be taken into account when laying the garden, then the plants will be healthy and give a good harvest.

Before planting plants, it is necessary to determine the level of groundwater. If groundwater is located close to the soil surface, it is not recommended to grow plants with a deep, powerful root system on the site, as they will freeze slightly.

Experts recommend alternating horticultural crops on the site, as this prevents the occurrence of many plant diseases. In addition, the timing of planting in open ground plays an important role in the stability of plants. Plants planted ahead of time are usually weaker and more often affected by pests.

The increased resistance of plants to pests largely depends on the correct and timely care, the application of the necessary fertilizers and the loosening of the soil.

Some pests pass to cultivated plants from weeds, so it is necessary to weed the site in a timely manner, remove fallen leaves, mowed grass and other plant waste.

If, despite the agrotechnical measures taken, horticultural crops are still damaged by insects, then in this case it is recommended to use a mechanical, chemical or biological method of pest control.

The mechanical method of pest control consists in the direct destruction of eggs, larvae and adult insects.

At the same time, various activities are carried out: insects are removed from the branches and leaves of garden crops, winter masonry and spider nests are destroyed, and trapping belts are used.

Many gardeners place special traps on the garden plot in order to prevent rodents and rats from entering the garden.

The most effective method of mechanical pest control in combination with the use of other methods.

The chemical method of pest and disease control is used when other means have not brought the desired result or if the pests have spread throughout the site.

The following chemicals are used:

- insecticides - preparations intended for the destruction of insects;

- fungicides - drugs necessary to combat viral and fungal infections;

- acaricides - drugs that prevent the appearance of ticks on the garden plot;

- nematicides - preparations intended for the destruction of nematodes;

- molluscicides - drugs that prevent the appearance of slugs in the garden;

- zoocides - preparations intended for the destruction of rodents;

Herbicides are drugs used to control weeds.

In addition, drugs are divided according to the degree of impact on pests into intestinal ones, which contribute to their poisoning and death, and contact ones, which cause paralysis of the nervous system and cessation of breathing in rodents and insects.

With the chemical method of pest control, it is necessary to accurately calculate the amount of the drug used and ensure that the agent used is evenly distributed on the branches and leaves of plants.

Do not use excessive amounts of chemicals when processing plants, as this causes damage to the leaves and deterioration in the taste of the fruit.

In addition, uneven treatment of plants with chemical preparations leads to the fact that not all pests are destroyed, conditions are created for them to get used to this agent and the formation of insecticide-resistant species.

The use of a biological method of pest control contributes to the preservation of the natural balance in the garden.

Many pests have natural enemies, such as insectivorous birds, bats, hedgehogs, frogs, lizards, which prevent their spread and regulate their numbers.

Caring for a garden or summer cottage must necessarily include preventive measures against pests, and if they appear, control measures. Timely spraying with medicinal preparations will reduce the risk of plant infection and preserve fruit and ornamental crops.

To control pests, gardeners use a variety of sprayers, with the help of which the preparations are evenly distributed over the plants. At the same time, one should not forget about the use of protective equipment (respirators, masks, etc.) that protect against the harmful effects of insecticidal preparations.

Special sprayers are designed to facilitate the treatment of large areas. They provide a uniform drip spray of liquid, which contributes to the faster disposal of plants from pests.

Small manual and pneumatic constant pressure sprayers are used to treat horticultural crops with insecticidal preparations.

Many gardeners use ordinary plastic bottles as a sprayer, in the cork of which small holes are made.

Special pumps are built into the mechanisms, providing optimal pressure, and spray tips.

In small areas, small-sized portable sprayers weighing from 0.9 to 6 kg can be used. The device of such devices includes a piston pneumatic pump, which creates pressure in the tank. The disadvantage of sprayers is their low capacity and low corrosion resistance.

Portable sprayer

Knapsack sprayers are divided into pneumatic, the principle of which is that the liquid is displaced with the help of compressed air, and diaphragm sprayers, which work by compressing the liquid with elastic plates.

Significant disadvantages of these devices are their large weight, low resistance to corrosion and a significant expenditure of physical strength during use.

Of particular note are the sprayers of the OPR-12 and OPP-8 series, in the manufacture of which plastic and non-ferrous metal are used.

The mechanism of these sprayers is equipped with a device for regulating the jet of sprayed liquid. In addition, the device has a long hose, a safety valve, soft back and shoulder pads that make it easier for the gardener to spray.

Knapsack sprayer

When using chemicals for pest control, the following rules must be observed:

2. Chemical agents should not be used during the flowering period of the plant, as this leads to the death of flowers and beneficial insects that pollinate them. Treatment with the drug should be carried out in calm weather in the evening or in the morning.

3. You should start processing horticultural crops from the upper tiers, gradually moving to the lower ones. In addition, you need to protect the vegetables below from getting a chemical solution on them by covering them with a film.

4. When treating plants with chemicals, the characteristics of each crop should be taken into account. For example, the processing of cabbage is recommended after the final formation of the head. In addition, the gardener needs to know that the use of chemicals to control pests of radishes, dill, and lettuce is prohibited.

Before starting dacha work, each owner of a suburban area is concerned about the question - what garden equipment is needed in the first place? This is especially true for beginner summer residents who have only recently acquired a plot and have not yet acquired the necessary tools. After all, if earlier the choice of inventory was quite simple and not numerous, then in our time a rare gardener, having entered a specialized store, will not be at a loss in front of a truly innumerable assortment.

However, before buying all the devices you like, you need to decide on a set of those things without which gardening is impossible.

Land cultivation equipment

1. Shovel

A shovel is the main garden tool that every summer resident should have. Ideally, there should be at least two shovels: one wide and the other elongated. The first one performs absolutely all land work, and the second one is convenient for digging beds. In addition, for convenience, you should choose shovels with handles of different lengths. As for quality, it is better to choose a shovel made of stainless steel, aluminum or titanium. It is also not recommended to choose a tool that uses only one screw as a fastener.

The functional purpose of the pitchfork depends on the shape of their teeth. Forks with faceted teeth are used for frilling potatoes and digging the soil. Forks with wide, flat tines are for digging up bulbs, while forks with large, fine tines are for carrying manure and debris. When choosing this equipment for the garden and garden, make sure that the pitchfork is strong enough. If they are made of wire that bends easily, the tool will soon break.

1. Hoe

This inventory is necessary for weeding weeds and loosening the soil. The nozzle of a hoe, as a rule, can be semicircular or rectangular.

1. Hoe

A chopper, like a hoe, is designed to weed weeds and loosen the soil. However, unlike a large hoe, this tool is convenient to use when working between beds or near growing plants. The size of the chopper should correspond to your height, otherwise, if it is too long or too short, you will inevitably feel discomfort during work. In addition, you should not choose a chopper made of fragile materials, such as plastic, because. such a product will not be able to fully cultivate the soil.

1. garden paws

With this device, you can easily and accurately clean the surface of the earth from debris and leaves, as well as break the resulting crust after watering or rain. In addition, garden paws are convenient to use during transplantation, removing the remains of the earth from the roots of plants.

Equipment for the garden and vegetable garden

1. Planter

When choosing tools for summer cottages and gardens, pay attention to the planter, with which you can make deep and small holes in dense soil. These holes are ideal for planting some seeds, tubers and bulbs. However, such a planter is not at all suitable for working in loose soil.

Garden tools for pruning

1. Secateurs

Secateurs are an indispensable tool for working on land where trees and shrubs grow. However, when choosing this inventory, it is impossible to limit yourself to only one type, because. different devices are designed for different jobs. For example, a short-handled pruner is suitable for trimming dry branches on trees, while a tool with long handles is designed to remove thick branches. In addition, there are also special secateurs with very thin blades designed for trimming flowers. Thanks to this tool, the cut is perfectly even and clean. To eliminate branches on shrubs, you must purchase a secateurs with teeth on the blade. And small and thin branches are most conveniently eliminated with a lopper.

The sickle is indispensable when you need to cut perennials with many thin stems. In principle, there are no special rules regarding the choice of this equipment, the most important thing is that it be made of durable material.

Surely there is a scythe in every yard in the countryside. This tool is simply indispensable for mowing tall grass. If you do not have a trimmer or lawn mower, then, all the more so, you should definitely include a scythe in the list of garden tools.

A knife is an optional garden tool, but in some cases it is indispensable. For example, it is very convenient for them to divide tubers, clean up vaccinations, or, for example, separate part of a curtain. A good garden knife should be as handy, sharp and simple as possible.

1. Hand saw

When we talked about gardening equipment, we mentioned electric and chainsaws. But very often there is a need for a hand saw, which is much lighter and more compact. If you need to cut a branch, it is not necessary to start a chainsaw - take a regular hand saw. In construction hypermarkets, the choice of this tool is sufficient - they come in different shapes and sizes, there are also very small saws that even women can easily handle.

Inventory for cleaning and cleaning the site

In addition to working equipment, it is necessary to prepare equipment for cleaning the territory. For example, an indispensable thing for every summer resident is an ordinary rake, with which it is very convenient to clean the soil from leaves and debris, as well as to slightly loosen the soil. However, please note that standard rakes cannot be used during the growing season of plants; for this period, it is worth purchasing fan-type rakes. In addition, it is better to use a small rake for working in a flower garden.

A sieve for sifting the soil is also very helpful in gardening. If desired, you can make a homemade tool for giving, using a grid of a suitable size and a handy holder. A sieve is necessary for sifting soil mixtures, as well as for sifting out debris.

If paths are organized on the garden plot, their joints will inevitably be polluted with vegetation. To make the area more tidy and well-groomed, it is recommended to use a path scraper, which can also be used to trim the edges of lawns.

Also, a garden wheelbarrow is very useful on the farm, which will not only help to take out the garbage, but also transport seedlings, small tools, crops from the garden, sand, earth, and so on. Perhaps the most convenient wheelbarrow can rightfully be considered a one-wheeled one - it will pass even along the narrow paths of the garden.

Where and how to store garden tools and equipment

In addition to purchasing all the necessary fixtures, it is also important to organize a place where garden tools and equipment will be stored. It is best and most convenient if all the things you need are in a separate utility room with good ventilation and low temperature. However, if you do not yet have a separate outbuilding, you can organize a home-made protective tent for equipment and inventory. Only for its creation it is better to choose synthetic materials, because. they are less attractive to rodents and more reliably protect against precipitation.

In addition, to extend the life of the tools, garden tools should be cleaned immediately after work and avoid leaving them in places with high humidity.

Working in the garden requires great physical effort, but it is not always possible to do it well if you use the wrong tool.

Every gardener and gardener needs to know what exactly this or that tool is needed for, and for
what kind of work it is intended for. Without knowing garden tools, you can harm by mistake, so you need to get to know the tools better.

What are the garden tools everyone who works on the ground must know.
Now stores offer a huge amount of inventory. To figure it out
what exactly is needed for full-fledged work, you should get acquainted with
the necessary tools.

Garden tools, without which no gardener and gardener can do,
even experienced, has several items.
Particular attention should be paid to such a tool as a manual garden tool.

• secateurs
• garden knife
• garden scissors
• trimmer
• brush cutter or pruner

These are the most necessary equipment for working with plants. without using them
quality plant care is simply not possible even in the smallest area.
To understand what each of the tools is intended for, you need to learn about its functions in more detail.

Saw

An indispensable tool for working with fruit and berry bushes and. It can be used in cutting branches of shrubs with a diameter of 3 cm or more.

There are 2 types of saws:

• saw - hacksaw - used to remove branches in order not to harm
  tree trunk and crown
• bow saw - with its help, branches with a diameter of more than 8 cm are removed.

Secateurs

It is used for cutting not too thick knots or stiff shoots.
In addition, the secateurs can be used when harvesting with.
This is a convenient method and completely safe for the plant.

Secateurs are:

• Universal secateurs - for cutting branches of bushes and trees.
• Shrub pruners - for removing branches of shrubs.
• How to choose garden pruners, each gardener chooses at his own discretion.

garden knife

Used to work with the trunk. They can delete everything that does not have its own
values ​​in the life of a plant

The knife happens:

• simple garden - they remove unnecessary shoots, tree branches
• grafting - cleans the wounds of a tree trunk.

Garden shears are used to cut bushes and remove unnecessary or
damaged branches on them. They can also be used for cutting grass
hard-to-reach places where the trimmer cannot handle.

For example, under the bushes themselves, in such places it is convenient to cut the grass
scissors, so as not to damage the crown of the bushes with another tool.
Scissors may vary in size and shape, but their use in any case
same.

Trimmer

The most necessary tool from all electrical inventory. He will deal with that
jobs that a lawn mower can't handle. In addition, with its help, backyard
the site will always have an attractive and well-groomed appearance.

Loppers are used for pruning trees. There are 4 types of loppers:

• medium - the tools are additionally equipped with a power drive,
  for trimming excess branches
• large - loppers are equipped with a drive, for cutting very large branches
• planar - small loppers, for trimming small branches
• contact with a power drive - used to cut any branches of the middle
  and small thickness, except for the largest

If you choose the right tool, remove branches from trees and shrubs, you can not
causing them no harm.

How to choose tools

The main task of garden tools is to speed up work in the garden. Each homestead is individual.
Therefore, different tools are needed. Based on the characteristics of the landings, you need to choose inventory. If there are more shrubs and trees in the garden, tools
it is necessary to choose for work with these cultures. But you shouldn't forget
that all inventory in work should be convenient, this is of no small importance.

And in order for the garden tool to serve for a long time and faithfully on the plot,
you need to purchase only high-quality tools.

Where to store gardening tools

Storage of garden tools implies a room where they will be
keep all the tools until the next planting season.

The most optimal place is a closed ventilated outbuilding, with a low temperature. But if there is no such building on the site yet, you can build it yourself
protective awning.

To make the tent yourself, you need to use the best
synthetic material. It helps protect against precipitation and repels rodents in
cold period of time.

It is not recommended to store inventory in a room with high humidity. In this case
they may rust or even be damaged. In addition, after recent work
on the site, all tools must be prepared for the winter period. That is
clean from soil residues, sort out power tools, drain oil and gasoline.

Every gardener and gardener wants to ennoble and decorate his own so that he
admired the site. To do this, you need to invest a lot of effort. But if it's right
to pick up high-quality garden tools, work can only seem like a joy.

The most necessary garden tools and equipment - on the video:

• 
  When to prune fruit trees and how to…
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Flat cutter "Kosar", a water tower made of concrete rings, a fruit picker and a miracle shovel - the inventions of our members of the forum turn hard work into pleasure!

Working on the ground can really be easy and enjoyable with the right tools, and we'll show you how to make your own gardening tools! Look at the inventions and improvements of tools made by FORUMHOUSE users, let them serve you faithfully.

Flat cutter "Mower"

User www.site Antol13 invented and designed the flat cutter "Mower" (from the word "scythe"). Previously, a member of the forum used Fokin’s flat cutter to process potato row spacings, but then he decided to make his work easier: “it seems good, but not that, and the quality of the metal, its thickness wants the best, and the prices are biting.”

For a new device that would penetrate the soil more strongly, the forum member decided to use a scythe, which was lying around unnecessarily, and a stalk bought in a store for 30 rubles. It took him 40 minutes to make a flat cutter. The job does not require serious technical skills:

1. Cut off the stiffness collar with a grinder so that during operation the flat cutter does not experience resistance and does not cling to the ground. The optimal blade length of a flat cutter is 17 cm.
2. Increase the angle of attack by bending in a vise using a gas wrench. The angle of attack of the blade is 30-40 degrees.
3. For better fixation in the hands on the handle of the flat cutter, make grooves on both sides with an electric planer.
4. A stainless steel clamp at the top of the spike will strengthen the fasteners and prevent loosening.

The flat cutter worked great. It also performs the functions of a scythe: they can mow old burdocks, tartar, and other "herbal evil spirits".

Antol13

The manufactured flat cutter exceeded all expectations, I have never experienced such pleasure in work. Two working edges allow you to work quickly and with good quality without bending over.

Seeder for beets

viktor50 planted beets by hand. The soil was slightly moist, and few beets sprouted, there were even gaps of 1-2 meters, although at the state farm where the seeds were taken, the seedlings were friendly. “Then it came to light that a seeder was sowing there, she sows the seeds and rolls them. Seeds without rolling seem to hang in the soil, have poor contact with moisture, and if the soil is a little dry, seedlings can not wait. The next year, in just half a day, a forum member made a semblance of an industrial seeder in just half a day. Seeds sprouted close to 100%.

By design, the handle is located in front of the seeder (the seeder is pulled by one person). Gears with a diameter of about 200 mm and a width of 20-30 mm were assembled at the state farm yard. They were welded together, resulting in a skating rink with a diameter like gears, a width of 15 cm and a weight of 5-7 kg. A piece of pipe approximately 3/4 in diameter at the bottom is slightly bent along the seeder, cut along the back wall by 5 cm and the pipe is deployed (it turned out like a hollow cultivator nose). This pipe is attached to the handle first, then there is a device that rakes the furrow. Behind this hiller is a welded gear wheel, it rams the landing. A two-liter plastic bottle with a cut bottom is inserted into the upper part of the pipe: the person who follows the seeder throws beet seeds into it.

viktor50

That's the whole device, simple as three pennies. There are no chiseled parts, everything is done on the knee. If there is welding, then there are no problems with assembly at all. We have been using this planter for about 20 seasons.

zayka2 makes such manual seeders copied from Vinnichanka with a brush seeding unit. He slightly improved the design: he installed removable drive sprockets and upgraded the marker - he installed a control handle so as not to bend over to transfer to the other side. Such seeders can sow almost any seeds: carrots, black onions, beets, beans, peas, corn.

Universal garden wheelbarrow

forum member unkas This year I had to deal with backfilling holes in my area. Two-wheeled bogies were available, the track of which turned out to be too wide in some places. Garden cars neighbors did not like unkasu for different reasons.

The forum member bought a polyurethane wheel that does not need to be pumped up (a similar wheel, but not made of polyurethane, but made of rubber, costs less), 2 corners, an axle from a bolt with a nut and a bar 40 * 40 * 3 m. He had plywood and the rest.

unkas

Wheelbarrow construction is an exact science. If you do everything by eye, it turns out crooked.

home water tower

Jakomo Venciano building a water tower to water the garden.

It looks like this: a small round foundation, on it are three concrete rings of two meters in diameter, placed on the mortar. On top of the concrete cover with a hatch. The expert calculated the strength of the tower rings (the weight of the rings plus water pressure). It turned out that there is a threefold margin even for the weakest concrete, but on condition that the concrete is not saturated with water. That is, waterproofing is important both inside and outside (from rain). For external waterproofing, the forum member decided to make a conical roof with an overhang.

Stairs are installed inside and outside the tower. The seams between the rings are carefully puttied, the transport holes are sealed. Outside, everything is painted with green paint, inside there is waterproofing on the walls and foundations and a layer of plastic such as acrylic.

At the bottom there is a drain-watering fitting. Filling port at the top. A transparent hose-level gauge is hung from the drain fitting through the tee along the outer wall.

Jakomo Venciano

To the filling fitting inside I will connect the float valve from the toilet bowl with a preliminary coarse filter. I will pour from a summer water supply with a pressure of 1 atm. izb.

In winter, the tower will be empty, and in summer the water in it will warm up to an average daily temperature of up to 15 degrees. It will be possible to plant fertilizers in the tower to feed the garden, mixing them with a drainage pump.

The forum member will not deepen the container: the only plus of a buried container is that water does not freeze in it in winter. But why do you need irrigation water in winter?

apple picker

Accordic made a simple yet functional garden tool that can be used to pick apples and plums. Prior to that, she tried several variants of fruit pickers from the store at her dacha, but then they all turned out to be abandoned and gathering dust without work. It turned out that there is nothing better than a three-meter aluminum pole and a plastic bottle. This device is often used by a forum member because of its ease and convenience.

Accordic

And we can't do without it. It is convenient with him, and a ladder is not needed.

Screw planting seeds

Denforever came up with a device for planting seeds, which allows you not to make holes and subsequently thin out seedlings. The device is made in several versions: 3 cm, 5 cm and 2 cm long. In the future, a handle will be adapted to the device. In the photo we see that the screws are not screwed in - this is for convenient transportation to the country. Then they will need to be screwed in.

Miracle Shovel

Serdsvetlana completely delighted with the “miracle shovel”, which is easy to make yourself. The ease with which the garden is dug up, the soil is loosened and potatoes are dug up is surprising.

A feature of tillage with a miracle shovel: the garden is not dug across, but along. We take a miracle shovel by the edges of the upper bar with two outstretched hands, step on the platform (footboard) and it easily enters the ground. With a slight movement (can be combined with a slight shaking), stepping back two steps, we transfer the shovel from a vertical position to an almost horizontal one. After that, we take a step forward, pull the shovel back 30 cm, give it a vertical position, drive it into the ground and repeat the cycles until the row ends. Then we move on to the next row.

Materials: half-inch pipe, round timber (or hexagon) with a diameter of 15 mm.

For ease of transportation, you can make a collapsible design.

Read on FORUMHOUSE about other homemade tools - a wood splitter, a concrete mixer, and about what tools should be in the arsenal. And watch our video review of the latest gardening products.