How to fasten a wooden beam to an iron frame. How to fix corrugated board: advice from builders. Other ways to install corrugated board

All photos from the article

During the construction process, there is often a need for fastening wooden elements to structures made of brick, concrete, aerated concrete and metal. In order for the result of the work to be reliable and durable, it is necessary to know the types of fasteners and the features of using one or another option.

Modern technologies have made it possible to develop many solutions that provide high strength and allow you to install it yourself, this article will be devoted to this issue.

What you need to know about this type of work

Before you start installation, you need to familiarize yourself with a few important nuances that will ensure the highest reliability:

Important!
Sometimes you have to start from existing situation when the walls are erected, but even in such cases, you can achieve an excellent result of the work.
It is necessary not to save on and choose the most reliable of them.

Overview of the main mounting options

The choice of one or another solution depends on the base to which the fastening will be carried out, the weight of the structures and their location. There are many ways, we will consider the most widespread and popular of them and will start from the material to which the wooden product will be attached.

Concrete and brick

It all depends on what elements you need to install:

• Fastening a wooden beam to concrete wall carried out with dowels quick installation or special metal anchors. The work is quite simple and is carried out in the following way: through holes at a certain distance, the diameter of which must be equal to the size of the fastener, holes of a certain depth are also drilled in the wall, for reliability, the length of the element in the wall must be twice the thickness of the bar.

Important!
If the thickness of the metal elements is large or they have increased hardness, then it is recommended to pre-make holes with a drill, the diameter of which should be 2 mm smaller than the self-tapping screws used during work.

aerated concrete

This material has its own characteristics, so the following fasteners are used for it:

• Special nylon dowels that may have different configurations, for their use, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the recommendations given by the instructions on the package, it will indicate which drill and how deep you need to make a hole and which screws to use for fixing. This is the simplest and fast option, and the photo below shows some configurations of products of this type.

• For more massive structures it is recommended to use metal fasteners, they have teeth, which, when tightening the self-tapping screw desired diameter diverge and cut into aerated concrete, providing the highest reliability.

• If fastening is made wooden stairs to an aerated concrete floor, additional reinforcement with a threaded stud may be required, which goes through and provides the highest reliability.

Drywall

We note right away that heavy structures cannot be attached to this material, but small elements can be fixed very securely using the following products:

• The dowel "driva" is a knot with or without a drill at the end, the first option is preferable, since there is no need to drill a hole.
  
• Dowel "butterfly" is inserted into the hole, with the help of a self-tapping screw it bursts from the inside and holds the element. Its price is low, but the work is very convenient to carry out.

Conclusion

The video in this article will tell you more information on this topic. In general, it should be noted that compliance simple recommendations and the use of high-quality fasteners are the main components of the reliability of connections.

It is necessary to fasten the corrugated board with self-tapping screws (to metal surfaces or wooden frame) and rivets (sheet to sheet).

For the installation of a profiled sheet, in most cases a frame is made. The design is made of a metal profiled pipe (square, rectangle), wooden slats, drywall profile, the usual corner. Sometimes wall cladding is made by mounting sheets directly to brick or stone.

How and with what in each case to fix the corrugated board?

Self-tapping screws (self-tapping screws) for metal with a metal washer and a rubber seal

A self-tapping screw (usually a self-tapping screw) is made in the form of a rod with a tip resembling a drill, a triangular thread and a wrench head or a screwdriver. In addition to screws with a tip in the form of a drill, screws with a sharp tip are produced. To fasten the corrugated board complete with a screw, a press washer and a rubber seal are used.

We apply:

• for fastening the profiled sheet to metal surfaces;
• with steel thickness up to 12.5 mm;
• without pre-drilling holes;
• for installation, for facing facades, gables, making gates, wickets, etc.

We do not apply:

• for fastening sheets to tool and high-carbon steels;
• for binding metal profiled sheets to each other;
• for attaching to wooden structures;
• for fastening to metal with a thickness of less than 1 mm.

How do we define quality?

Upon purchase, we require a quality certificate that reflects the characteristics according to the DIN standard, including:

For fastening to a frame with a thickness of 2.32 mm, we use products for drill No. 1, with a diameter of 4.8 mm, step 2.12. For metal 5.5 mm drill No. 3, 8.5 mm - No. 4, 12.5 mm - No. 5. Thread pitch 1.8. self-tapping screws large diameters must be coated with zinc with a thickness of at least 12 microns.

We choose the length of the self-tapping screws depending on the purpose. To fasten the profiled sheet to the lower wave, we select a size larger than the materials to be joined by 3 mm. When screwing into the upper wave, for example, to fasten skates, the length increases by the height of the profile.

The industry produces 3 types of self-tapping screws according to the shape of the head:

• hexagonal;
• cruciform;
• anti-vandal.

For normal mounting, it is easier to work with a hexagonal head shape. We use anti-vandal screws for fences and cladding, the removal of which from outer side will do free access in a room or area. Installation of products is done with a special tool.

Important nuances when fastening corrugated board with self-tapping screws:

1. We tighten the screws with a washer and rubber gasket strictly perpendicular to the plane of the sheet.
2. According to the characteristic, the self-tapping screws are offered to be screwed in at 2500 rpm, but it is difficult to calculate the force by touch. We tighten the screws so as not to transfer the rubber washer. A flattened seal will crack over time and will not create a tight seal.
3. We do not use rubber seals where a monolithic fastening is required.
4. In places with the possibility of unauthorized access to fasteners, we use anti-vandal execution of screws or take self-tapping screws with a notch that prevents arbitrary unscrewing.

How to fasten profiled sheets to a wooden frame?

For roofs mounted on wooden crate, there is no alternative to traditional metal screws. We select screws with the largest thread pitch. The larger this parameter, the more secure the mount.

Vertically arranged profiled sheets that do not require tight fastening are fastened with galvanized self-cutting screws with a monolithic press washer in order to save money. In everyday life, this is an ordinary self-tapping screw with a wide hat. For screwing in a screwdriver, a Phillips screwdriver is inserted.

If the crate is made of fiberboard, chipboard, etc., we use screws with a double-threaded thread. For the roof, we make a set of washers and cuffs on our own, choosing the diameter of the screw.

1. Use standard wood screws, including those intended for fastening drywall sheets. This fastener has a countersunk head and, when screwed in, will damage the surface of the profiled sheet.
2. Use screws with a drill tip. The wood does not require drilling, a sharp self-tapping screw is more securely screwed in, and the passage through the corrugated board makes it acceptable for a large amount of work.

Is it possible to attach corrugated board to shell rock (limestone, brick)?

Directly to the wall of stone or brick, we mount the sheets using dowels with anchors. For installation, pre-drill holes in the metal. We select fastener heads with a monolithic wide washer. The shape of a plastic insert with a sheen that acts as a seal. We make a hole in the profiled sheet 0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the insert.

1. For quick installation, use dowels with impact screws. They differ from traditional screws and screws in the shape of the thread. The disadvantage is that on impact, the surface of the sheet can be damaged.
2. Do not fix sheets on surfaces with protrusions and irregularities.

How to connect profiled metal sheets to each other?

The standard thickness of profiled iron is 0.4 mm. It is unreliable to connect two sheets with self-tapping screws, for example, at the place of overlap, since the fastening is fragile and depends on the thread pitch.

To solve the problem, we use rivets. The fastener consists of two parts, which are made of aluminum. Rivets are installed in pre-prepared holes and do not require access to the reverse side. For installation, we use a rivet device. Where required concealed installation rivets, we use a hole punch (special tongs holders that pierce the corrugated board from the end of the wave).

Rivets can be used as fasteners for roofing, fence cladding, etc. The disadvantage is laboriousness. A through hole is required for each rivet.

Other ways to install corrugated board

Screw and bolt connection

The profiled sheet is attached to metal surfaces with screws, for example, when used as casings on machine tools, for fastening to special steels. In the sheet and the base on which the installation is being carried out, we drill holes, cut the threads and install.

Bolted connection is used in a similar way, but drilling is required for fasteners through holes both in the sheet and in the material to which the installation is in progress. Bolts are used to connect corrugated board with metal and wooden frames against vandalism and unauthorized access.

Adhesive base

Wooden beam - practical construction material. The low price, low heat loss, light weight and ease of installation of a house made of timber make this material very popular. However, it is not so easy to fix the beam on the foundation, because the tree cannot be glued to concrete and not welded to metal. In this article we will talk about how the timber is attached to various foundations what they pay attention to and what mistakes they make.

Types of foundations for a house made of timber

Waterproofing

The lower beam, as well as the wooden grillage, must be adequately protected from water and dampness, however, it is not always possible to use creosote or other equally effective (and most often unpleasantly smelling) substances. If it is not possible to treat the grillage or lower beam with heavy fractions of oils, then less effective substances must be used, and at least 2 layers of roofing material must be laid between the foundation or the iron / concrete grillage and the beam. This is a material that falls out during temperature changes. After all, in the morning the air temperature rises, and the temperature of the foundation or grillage remains unchanged. If you use a wooden grillage, then the waterproofing must be laid both under it and above it. This will protect the wall from moisture and prevent mold and rot.

Which mounting method is best

When choosing a mounting method, consider the following factors:

• timber moisture;
• climatic conditions;
• seismic activity;
• strength of the most frequent winds.

To fasten a wet (over 16%) beam to a wooden grillage, only shrinkage compensators must be used. All other attachment methods are ineffective.

After all, the beam is high and especially natural humidity, gives a very strong shrinkage, so the usual anchor bolts not be able to provide high-quality fixation. To fasten a beam of high or natural moisture to a wooden grillage, it is necessary to use an analogue of a shrinkage compensator, only made not from a screw, but from an anchor bolt. The same method can be used when installing a beam on threaded studs. Instead of a nut and washer, you must use a nut, two washers and a spring. The same method of fastening should be used in those regions where heavy and long rains fall in spring and autumn.

In regions with high seismic activity, it is necessary to use a lower beam with a moisture content of no higher than 12%, treat it with the most effective hydroprotection and install it on the most rigid mount (ordinary and anchor bolts). This will ensure sufficient strength of the entire structure. The same approach should be applied in regions where wind speeds often exceed 20 meters per second. Neglecting a rigid mount in seismically active or windy regions will cause the mount to loosen under the influence of external factors and the house will begin to sway. Neglect of shrinkage compensators when working with timber of natural and high humidity, as well as in regions with frequent and heavy seasonal rains, will lead to the appearance of gaps between the flashing crown and the foundation or grillage.

Construction is a complex process that requires a lot of knowledge and skills. And if a person was faced with the task of attaching wooden beam to the metal, then for this it is important to find out the necessary information. Because this work process is extremely specific and requires at least minimal skill, and even better if the work is done not alone, but in four hands.

Where to start and what to do

To begin with, it is worth deciding on the possible thickness of the metal itself, and already select according to its size necessary tools. It is important to choose high-quality and durable screws, the thickness of which will directly depend on the type of metal sheet. Everything should be as harmonious as possible and correctly selected. Beam size in this case doesn't play too much of a role. In order to attach the beam to the metal, in metal sheet or in any other form, you need to drill the necessary hole that will fit the beam. And after that, install the tree, on required height or the correct position and then begin to install the screws. Regarding the screws, they should not be spared, because in this process they are a guarantee of reliability and strength of the entire structure. If you suddenly lose if you are trying to install a tree into a slate together with metal, for example, then the screws should be replaced, with self-tapping screws, of the greatest length and volume. Since the work is quite painstaking, and the beam will have to be held while screwing the screws, it is worth using the services of some assistant. Because it is almost impossible to cope with this task alone. In four hands, everything will go much faster and with a full guarantee of quality.

Should I prepare the tree?

If the installation of wood in metal is necessary for street construction, then the tree must be prepared and lubricated special solution to ensure the wood is dry and not exposed to moisture. So you can ensure that the design stands for a long time and reliably, and pleases you with its beautiful appearance. The breed of wood when working with metal does not have much knowledge, the main thing is to choose perfect option size and purpose of use.