Do-it-yourself toilet made of silicate blocks. Bathroom in the cinder block garden. Features of country toilets

Building a country toilet with your own hands is a vital necessity caused by the natural needs of a person. Most often this is caused by the lack of a central sewerage system in the village, but even if it is available, a separate closet will not hurt. Sometimes, after all, they can turn off the water, and in this case, an outdoor toilet will come in handy. The garden design is not the height of engineering, so anyone can master its construction. To do this, you need quite a bit - desire, skillful hands and simple tools.

Building a toilet in the country with your own hands, drawings and a project for a country toilet

Choice of design and installation location

There are four main types of country toilet: backlash-closet, powder-closet, dry closet and a regular toilet with a cesspool. The best option for residents of the northern regions is a backlash closet. This design is a mixture of a conventional domestic and classic toilet with a cesspool. In the southern regions, where sewage rots faster, such a system will not work. It is possible to replace it with a dry closet or a traditional outdoor booth.

The construction of a wooden toilet is most often carried out from boards, but can also be made from bricks, foam blocks and other commonly used materials. Considering that the toilet cubicle is most often used in the summer and does not need to be insulated, it is wiser to build it from boards, sheets of metal or slate and other inexpensive but reliable materials.

Before you build a toilet in the country, it is important to determine its location. According to sanitary standards, the minimum allowable distance from a well with drinking water is 25 meters and 15 meters if it is a residential building. If the site is uneven or located with a slope, then it is advisable to put the toilet in the country with your own hands in a lowland. At the same time, the cesspool must be well insulated so that the waste does not mix with groundwater and does not poison nearby water bodies. If they lie only 3 meters from the surface of the earth, then the only possible structures are a peat powder closet and a modern dry closet.

Construction of a country toilet

Consider how to make a toilet in the country from economical materials. For construction, you will need a beam 100x100 mm 3000 mm long, nails and screws, boards, a slate sheet for the roof, foam for insulation (if necessary), as well as working tools, such as:

• a hammer;
• drill;
• screwdriver;
• hacksaw;
• roulette;
• building level.

First of all, you need a drawing of a country toilet, a standard sample can be found on the Internet. According to this drawing and all sanitary standards, a cesspool is dug and isolated. Its surface area should be slightly larger than the area of ​​the booth. This is necessary for the arrangement of the hatch.

The process of building a standard toilet in the country, the photo of which you could see above, is standard: first, a frame is erected from beams, which are recessed into the ground by 1000 mm and concreted, after which it is sheathed with boards. A sloping roof is laid on top, and inside there is a podium with a functional hole and fastening for a toilet seat.

Do-it-yourself wooden peat toilet in the country house, device and construction stages

The difference between a peat closet and a classic cabin is the absence of a cesspool. A peat toilet for a summer residence is instead equipped with a container into which sewage is collected and periodically removed. For a standard family of three, a 700 liter tank is recommended. It can be sunk into the ground, taking it out as it fills up.

The effluent solvent in the classic design of the compost toilet for summer cottages is peat. One kilogram of this substance processes 10 liters of sewage, turning them into fertilizer. By the way, in cesspools, the same solutions as in septic tanks can be used as a disinfectant.

Do-it-yourself wooden peat toilet in the country house is built in the same way as a regular closet house. First, the frame is erected, and then the boards are nailed to it.

If you are using new dry closets that look like plastic toilets, then you can not build a cubicle for them. Such a toilet is usually located in an extension to the house. Here the solvent is a special reagent. In this case, sewage can only be poured into the sewer.

About the types of country toilets and their construction

How to build a powder closet, what are its features?

The construction of a toilet, a type of which is called powder-closet, can be carried out anywhere in the summer cottage. In this design, there is no traditional cesspool - instead, a liquid-impervious container is installed, which is emptied as it is filled, so contamination of the soil and groundwater does not threaten, which means that it is not necessary to keep a distance of 25 meters from the source of drinking water when building a toilet.

The dimensions of the powder closet can be arbitrary. On the back side of the frame, holes are made for ventilation and for cleaning work. A box with filling is installed in the toilet cubicle: ash, sawdust, peat, with which sewage is “powdered” after each visit to the powder closet. This measure prevents the reproduction of flies. As the waste container fills up, its contents are taken out to the compost heap. Do not know how to build a toilet in the country? The scheme of the device of a simple powder closet is presented below.

Powder closet drawing:
1. Support pillars; 2. Asbestos-cement pipes; 3. Box with backfill; 4. Hatch for cleaning; 5.Toilet; 6. Washstand.

Which is cheaper: build a toilet house or buy a ready-made one?

Despite the presence on the construction market of offers for the sale of ready-made toilet houses or a dry closet, the price of which varies from $ 200 to 1000, it is still more profitable to build a toilet cubicle from boards or a brick toilet with your own hands.

In fact, building a toilet in a summer cottage does not require special building knowledge, skills and abilities. Having in your arsenal building material: timber, plywood sheets, sheet foam, slate, hacksaw, planer, screwdriver, hammer, nails, self-tapping screws, the ability to use all this and certain building skills, you can effortlessly build an excellent country toilet with your own hands.

A guide to the phased construction of a toilet house with a toilet is not difficult to find. Its essence lies in the construction of the frame, its upholstery and the installation of the roof. Such a design, although it requires certain physical costs, will cost 2-3 times cheaper than the finished one.

Outdoor toilet type backlash-closet

Backlash-closet designs are very popular as a toilet in a summer cottage. They build toilets in a country house of this type only if it is possible to clean the cesspool with a sewage machine. This design is essentially an ordinary wooden toilet with a cesspool at least 1 m deep.

The pit pit for an outdoor toilet is built entirely of brick or concrete to prevent contamination of the ground and groundwater with waste. The bottom of the pit is constructed with a slope towards the hatch, which simplifies cleaning. The pit is smeared over the entire height with a layer of clay of 20-25 cm.

In backlash closets, the exhaust ventilation system of the pit is interesting. For its device, an exhaust ceramic or asbestos-cement pipe with a diameter of 15 cm is connected to the backlash channel. When building a backlash closet, the main condition is the complete tightness of all connections.

Backlash closet device (pictured)
1. Ventilation pipe; 2. Backlash channel; 3. Wooden roof; 4. Cast iron cover; 5. Hood; 6. Clay layer; 7. Brick.

Need a simple design project?

An interesting project for a country toilet can be a wooden house such as a hut or a toilet-hut. Its side walls are the roof. Compliance with the style of the transom for ventilation, which is located under the roof, is triangular in shape. The hammered platform-floor is installed on the base. Next, the front and rear walls are constructed, which are sheathed with clapboard and installed on the floor using technological boards. The roof is mounted from boards with an overlap, and is closed from above with a ridge. For the construction of the roof, you can use corrugated board, slate or galvanized corrugated sheets.

Foam block toilet construction

The advantages of any foam block toilet design, including the toilet, include the absence of the need for a deep foundation and the cheapness of the material. indeed, a foam block construction will be inexpensive, and a cesspool made of bricks can serve as the foundation. High-quality masonry will ensure the absence of drafts. Foam blocks are much larger than bricks in size, so less mortar will be spent during masonry. But this design also has its drawbacks. In addition to the fact that such a toilet, like any other unheated one, will be cold, but in such a design there will be increased humidity in spring, autumn, spring and on rainy days. To avoid this, it is imperative to plaster it inside and out - this will help prevent moisture absorption by the blocks.

Features of the outdoor toilet device

The arrangement of a toilet in the country is a necessary and important matter, but its construction cannot be carried out in any place you like. There are several sanitary and hygienic requirements for the location of the toilet, which must be taken into account. For example, the minimum distance from the well is strictly regulated. In this case, the interests of the owners of nearby sites must be taken into account. It is required to choose a place for the future building, which is at least 20-25 m away from the water intake facilities.

The device of the toilet in the country, as a rule, is not carried out in the center of the site. For this purpose, choose a remote location. But even under the fence of a neighbor, it will not work to install the structure - the distance to the boundaries of the site must be at least a meter. If there is a height difference on the site, the toilet is built in a lowland. It is important to take into account the wind rose of a particular area, which will avoid the spread of unpleasant odors throughout the territory. It is important to consider the possibility of accessing the sewer truck to your structure, and specifically to the cesspool to clean it from sewage.

How to make a peat toilet with your own hands?

The principle of the peat toilet is based on the separation of solid and liquid waste. The cesspool, or rather a container for sewage, is divided into two parts: for feces and urine. Once in a specially designated place, urine is discharged through a special hose into the drainage, where it turns into organic fertilizer. Faeces and toilet paper are dried by a compressor and accumulated in a container built into the body, which can be emptied every three to four months. The waste disposal process is carried out without water, and the air ventilation system prevents the formation of unpleasant odors inside the toilet.

A prerequisite for installing a peat toilet is the presence of electricity, from which the compressor and fan will operate. In order to properly equip it, special skills and abilities are required. Therefore, it is better to turn to specialists.

1. Housing; 2. Toilet seat; 3.Cover of the peat tank; 4. Dispenser handle; 5. Peat tank; 6. Exhaust pipe; 7. Dispenser.

We build ourselves: a drawing of a country toilet

The construction of any structure requires the preliminary creation of a project. So for the installation of a closet in a summer cottage, you need a drawing of a country toilet of the type that you have chosen. The final result, that is, the design that you will eventually receive, depends on the correctness of the calculations. If you do not have the skills to draw up various building diagrams and drawings, then it is best to look for ready-made projects on the net.

If your project is “special” and you can’t find its drawing, then try to put on paper the approximate shape of the toilet frame, and next to it is the alleged finished view of the structure. Based on the proportions, put all the details that you would like to see in your toilet on paper, but remember that an incorrectly executed drawing can lead to skewed construction or wasted materials. Therefore, it is better to use ready-made drawings or order an individual one from specialists.

A toilet for a summer residence is a necessary and paramount thing. It should be located at least 30 m from the water intake.

The cesspool must be airtight and have a volume of at least 200 liters. Foundation for country toilet it is better to make it columnar, the frame is made of brick, foam blocks or wooden.

At my dacha, I decided to put foam block toilet, and used a metal barrel from fuel and lubricants with a volume of 200 liters as a cesspool. I made a clay castle around the barrel, and next to it was an additional room with a separate entrance for storing household equipment and firewood.

Installation of the foundation for a country toilet

Since the foam blocks are a fairly light material, the construction of the foundation will be simplified. I lay out used bricks in two rows. To do this, I protect the base from the excavated soil, and pour out a mixture of coarse sand and cement.

I tamp the base and begin to lay the brick on the concrete mortar. On top of the foundation I lay a double layer of roofing material as insulation.

The crucial point is the installation of the barrel under the cesspool. When the foundation is dry enough. I start digging a hole for the barrel. Its diameter is 60 cm, and its height is 90 cm. A pit is needed with a depth of at least 1.2 meters, counting from the first row of bricks. The width of the pit will correspond to the diameter of the barrel.

When the pit is dug, I fill its bottom with 30 cm of dry clay and compact it well. Then, where necessary, I add more. Next, I install the barrel. It should become in such a way that its top is on the same level with the first row of foundation bricks. The neck of the barrel should be set horizontally, so I use a level. In the future, according to this level, I will make a toilet floor screed for waterproofing from a dense construction film.

After installing the barrel under cesspool I'm starting to make a clay castle. That is, pour the side walls between the barrel and the ground with clay, carefully ramming it. At the same time, I try not to move the barrel from its place. I finish the clay castle at the level of the top row of the foundation. After this operation, I proceed to the floor screed with waterproofing. I take two days to dry the screed, and start laying walls from foam blocks.

Laying the walls of the toilet for a summer residence

I will carry out, according to the project, the laying of four outer walls for country toilet, and one internal partition. As I have already noted, the premises will be divided into two sections with separate entrances for a toilet and an outbuilding. The height of the walls is two meters high according to the height of standard doorways.

roof toilet for a summer residence I perform a gable, and even with a small attic above the entrance for household needs. On top of the foam block masonry, I bring out two rows of bricks to fix the Mauerlat under the rafter system. I make rafters from boards 10x4 cm, and I make the crate from edged boards. As a roofing material, I use corrugated board, which is convenient and economical to cut in a whole piece from the ridge to the overhang with the least overlap. I fix the corrugated board to the crate using hexagonal self-tapping screws with drill tips and sealing washers.

The design of the seat is made of a welded metal cylinder with a diameter of 65 cm. From the sides I line it with powder-coated sheet metal, and I cover the top with waterproof plywood, into which a plastic portable bucket with a cut-off bottom is embedded in size.

In this way, toilet for a summer residence ready with minimal cost and additional utility room.

Building a block or brick toilet

Pit and foundation preparation

First of all, consider how to build a capital toilet from blocks and bricks. Work should begin with the implementation of a cesspool, which in our case will serve as a foundation. The instructions for doing this work look something like this:

First of all, you need to mark the site. It is desirable to arrange the pit so that it is at least 30-40 centimeters longer than the booth. In this case, behind the toilet, you can make a hatch for pumping waste. In the process of marking, it should be borne in mind that the minimum width between the walls should be one and a half meters. Those. the width of the pit must be indicated taking into account the thickness of the walls;

1. then you need to dig a hole to a depth of about one and a half meters;
2. then the bottom is covered with sand and gravel, after which it is carefully rammed. If groundwater is located nearby, the bottom should be reinforced and angered with concrete;

Cesspool with brick walls

then the walls of the pit are completed. They can be built of brick or poured with concrete. This operation is performed according to the same principle as the strip foundation. On our portal you can find detailed information on how this is done;
when the walls are ready, it is necessary to pour a concrete floor with a thickness of at least 5 cm. At the same time, do not forget to make a hatch over the toilet seat, and also leave an open area that will be located behind the toilet.

Note!

After each stage of pouring, i.e. pouring the bottom, floor, walls and ceiling, you need to stop work so that the concrete gains the necessary strength.

This completes the process of building a cesspool. Now you need to wait until the concrete gains brand strength.

Building walls and roofs

The laying of the walls of the toilet has no features and is performed in the following sequence:

along the perimeter of the concrete slab, several layers of roofing material should be laid to waterproof the walls;
then the laying of bricks or blocks is carried out. There is nothing particularly difficult in this procedure. The only thing is that you need to carefully lay each row so that all the bricks are located in the same horizontal and vertical plane. To do this, you need to use the level, as well as pull the ropes that will serve as beacons. In addition, try to ensure that all joints have the same thickness (about 5 mm) and are completely filled with mortar;

1. lintels must be made above the door and window openings. For these purposes, you can use two metal corners located so that a brick or block can become on them;
2. when the walls are "raised" to the required height, you need to complete the roof. To do this, lay boards that can be fixed to the walls with dowels. A waterproofing film is laid on top of the boards and lathing is carried out with slats.
3. Any roofing material is attached over the crate - slate, corrugated board, metal tiles, etc.

Note!

The back wall of the toilet should be 15-20 centimeters lower than the front to ensure the slope of the roof.

On this, the construction of the capital toilet is almost completed. Now you need to make a toilet seat from the boards, which is a box with a hatch, as well as install a door and make a cover for the pit from the boards. Below I will tell you in more detail how the door and the toilet seat are made.

We build a toilet from blocks in three stages

Dacha plots in our time are becoming more popular every year, because many people seek to protect their families or protect them from noisy cities for a while and take them to an ecologically clean area. When you buy a plot, very often it is not equipped with amenities such as a bath and a toilet in the house or even on the street, so in some cases, you will need to build an outdoor toilet on your own. To begin with, you will have to decide how the construction will take place and what kind of material will be chosen. Usually a tree is chosen, because then the construction will be the easiest and fastest. If you do not know how to build a toilet from blocks, then the first step is the preparatory work.

That is, for starters, you will need to purchase the necessary material. In the case of a concrete block construction, you will need to purchase and bring blocks. In the case of a wooden toilet, you will need to bring wooden bars. When the construction itself begins, you will need to consider where the wind will blow. This is necessary in order to completely avoid the unpleasant smell, which after a while is simply inevitable. Next, you need to pay attention to the groundwater levels, because when you dig a drain hole, it should be located slightly above the intended level. Choose no more than 1.5 meters so that you do not feel unpleasant fumes in winter. Remove your toilet from sources of drinking water and choose a low spot in this area so that you cannot pollute the water (soil) with a new building. Pay attention to the general regulations, which will indicate the minimum distances to the nearest allotment.

So, in your work you will have to use: cement, lumber, concrete ring, nail, slate. Divide your construction into three stages, because first you will need to dig a cesspool, then you will need to finish and insulate the pit, and in the final stage, build the house itself. When you are finishing the pit, it is easiest to use ready-made reinforced concrete rings that you can buy at any hardware store. You are given a choice, because the rings can be easily replaced with brick lining. You will have to concrete the bottom under some slopes in the direction where there will be a slope towards the future hole (pit).

The corners will need to be drowned by no less than 60 cm; for this, an asbestos-cement pipe is usually used. A pole will be placed on such a pipe, which will need to be impregnated with bituminous mastics in advance. And only after that this structure will need to be cemented. The lower trim should be built no less than 50 cm from the common base. Pay attention to the thickness of the boards, because they should not exceed 4 centimeters. After that, proceed to the second stage - flooring. Further, you will need to cut holes in the far parts, in which the dimensions should not exceed 0.2 * 0.2 meters. Sheathe the frame, for this carefully use the boards, because they should fit snugly next to each other. After that, you will need to make a door, which should be installed on a hinge - 2-3 and attach the latches inside the resulting house.

Then you need to deal with the toilet seat, which is usually knocked down with plywood. A so-called cube is made, which does not have a bottom, and standard sizes are very often used, that is, 40 * 40 * 40 centimeters, then you need to firmly fix such a toilet seat over a pit on the ground, cut a hole in the shape of a circle and attach the toilet ring to the resulting toilet seat . In any case, if questions arise in the field of how to build a toilet from blocks, intuition can help you, because in fact, in the course of work, this work is not difficult to carry out.

After the work is done, we move on to the roof. Usually, ordinary slate is chosen, which has dimensions of 175 * 125 centimeters. The slate must be nailed on top with special slate nails. This entire block structure must be carefully treated with fungicidal impregnation and some compounds that will not let your structure rot. After finishing and processing, we enjoy our design - the building is ready.

Various country toilets

Note: toilets made of profiled sheet on a metal frame, frankly, are uncomfortable - in summer it is parko, in the off-season it is cold. Good metal cabins are made mainly of industrial production with insulation and inner lining. Then the production cycle is cheaper than carpentry. If you are still interested in this aspect, then the homemade upper structure will be identical to the shower cabin, and the floor with the toilet seat will be described below.

Let's look at how to bring beauty in the end. First you need to deal with the construction, and the design is already tied to it. To build a toilet that is cozy, clean, hygienic and pleasing to the eye, you must first solve other problems:

Choose the type of system for draining, draining and utilizing wastewater based on local conditions.
Determine the location of the toilet on the site.
Choose the type and design solution of the ground structure; simply - cabins or booths.
Deal with its decorative design: which of the appropriate in this case will be able to do.
Estimate construction costs.

I must say that these problems are closely interconnected and you need to deal with them together. A little aside there is only a booth; it almost does not interact with the underground part and the base. So the toilet cabin can be made, in general, whatever you like, and this is the easiest and cheapest part of the work. Therefore, we will start with it.

Booth

The main material for the construction, as mentioned above, we take a tree. It is known that it is inexpensive, easily processed, retains heat well, breathes, and after simple processing (see below) remains harmless to humans, but becomes resistant to bad weather and becomes unsuitable for the settlement of various kinds of infection, is known. However, there are still circumstances due to which a wooden toilet is the best solution for giving.

About foundations and supports

The soil is considered suitable for construction if its bearing capacity without additional measures to strengthen it and the foundation is at least 1.7 kg sq. see Convert to square meters; we get 17 tons (!). The area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe toilet cabin in terms of rarely exceeds 2.5-3 square meters. m; hozbloka - 15-20 sq. m. Is it conceivable that they weigh 40-50 and 250-350 tons, respectively?

Move on. Soil is considered excessively heaving when it freezes by 12%. We take the thickness of the humus layer, which swells the most, at 50 cm; this is not a cottage, but an eldorado. 50x0.12 \u003d 6 cm. On homogeneous loose soils, a uniformly swelling surface is considered to be one whose horizontal size is equal to 100 absolute values ​​of heaving; in this case - 600 cm or 6 m.

Are there toilets or change houses larger than 6x6 m in plan? We conclude: a toilet in a summer cottage can be built without a foundation. With seasonal ground movements, it will simply rise and fall by less than 10 cm (and most likely by 3-4), without warping at all, which is completely imperceptible.

Moreover, it is not necessary to build a foundation for a toilet: taking into account the allotment of land for a construction site with excavation, at least a hundred square meters is withdrawn from the economic turnover. And if the site is already planted, what to do? And from a construction point of view: an unloaded foundation buried in the ground can warp and tilt more than the soil surface. The reason is the uneven and non-uniform freezing of its layers. The foundation tape, piles or pillars feel it, in contrast to the surface, immediately “with the whole body”.

Note: this is why builders tend to finish the foundations early in order to build as many walls as possible before the cold weather. An exception is the foundations of a large depth, they can winter without restrictions.

The conclusion “without a foundation” is known to summer residents without calculations with special knowledge. Toilet cabins are placed on bricks or ready-made small reinforced concrete monoliths. However, it would be best to put an outdoor toilet on a couple of concrete posts for trellises. They are sold not only in the southern regions for vineyards; in colder places they go under hops and other climbing crops.

Tapestry poles are produced with a length of 1.2-6 m, with overall dimensions in plan from 10x12 to 20x30 cm. The section is trapezoidal, with rounded corners of the smaller side. And on the larger one - rigging eyes made of wire rod 6-12 mm. Sawed them in the middle with a grinder and gently unbent, we get the pins for attaching the cabin to the base.

Note: if the toilet is with a cesspool, then the problem of the cabin's rear support beam (wood in a chemically aggressive environment) is not only resolved by itself - it simply does not arise.

In places with strong winds, it is still advisable to make support posts from a 80x80 bar or a 40x40x2 professional pipe under the booth. Metal concrete is concreted about 30 cm deeper than the humus layer, and wooden ones are dug in to the same depth, pre-treated with very hot bitumen and wrapped with roofing material with sprinkling (rough).

Constructions

Materials and upholstery

Cabin lumber is mainly used in 4 types:

1. Bar 60x60 or 80x80 - for the frame.
2. Grooved board 40x (120-150) - for the floor and toilet seat.
3. Edged or tongue-and-groove board 20-30 mm for external cladding.
4. Edged or unedged board-twenty or slats 50x20 for roof lathing.

Sheathing board can be replaced with waterproof plywood or OSB 8-20 mm thick. In the latter case, the slats for the crate can be cut into them. It will also only be better from all sides and only a little more expensive if a tongue-and-groove magpie is put on the skin.

Sheathing with a tongue-and-groove board will show all its advantages if the cabin is sheathed with horizontal belts. But then it is absolutely necessary to orient the crests of the tongues upwards, and the grooves downwards, in order to avoid accumulation of moisture in the tongues. In any case, the door is sheathed vertically.

Boat board sheathing

Curvilinear sections, suddenly such will be required according to the conditions of registration, it is better to sheathe in a marine way with a boat board, see fig. Also, such sheathing will last longer in places with heavy rainfall, but it holds a strong wind a little worse than sheet piling. Having a jigsaw with a swivel shoe, it is easy to make a boat board from a cut one; the angle of inclination of the visor of the board is about 30 degrees. The peaks of the boards should be oriented down the slope, as in fig.

Massive, i.e. from solid wood, after cutting to size, lumber must be treated: all without exception with anti-rot preparations (biocides), and then soaked twice with a water-polymer emulsion; this inexpensive material protects the tree from moisture for many years. It is necessary to impregnate in this sequence, otherwise the PVA film will not let the biocide into the tree! And if it’s necessary, then it will prevent its volatilization and washing out. Details facing the ground or cesspool (for flooring and lining the toilet seat - under the boards) must be additionally treated with hot bitumen or bituminous mastic.

Cabin types

A wooden toilet on the street, according to the type and technology of construction, is carried out in general in 4 architectural forms; see fig.: hut, birdhouse, house, hut.

Types of wooden cabins for toilets

The difference between them is insignificant, but still there:

The hut is structurally simple, durable, resistant to wind and precipitation, the least material-intensive, but takes up more land for itself and is inconvenient: a step to the right, a step to the left - a knock on the head. And for "not knocking" you need to take the height of the ridge up to 3 m or more, so that the savings in materials disappear. The design is most appropriate primitivist-rustic.

A birdhouse is even simpler than a hut, it will take no more wood for it, it takes a minimum of land. But the structure is weak, and the whole structure does not hold heat well and is easier to blow by the wind, this is a common drawback of all buildings with a shed roof. Doesn't suit the design. However, as a summer toilet or a section of a utility block in the backyard behind dense vegetation, a birdhouse toilet is optimal; especially due to the fact that on its roof a solar-heated water pressurized tank is placed without problems.

The cabin under load at the same time acquires additional strength.
The house is warmer and a little stronger than a birdhouse. Materials and land require the same amount. A water tank is more difficult to attach, but almost any decoration and decoration is acceptable.
The hut is more complicated than the others, more material is wasted. Thanks to its faceted shape, it is very durable and can withstand any climatic conditions. Ergonomics and functionality - it can't be better: a shelf and a washstand do not take up floor space, you can also attach a hanger. By design - do everything that is only suitable for a toilet, and by itself fits into any landscape.

About sizes

The recommended sizes of cabins for a birdhouse and a house on the floor, together with a toilet seat, are from 1.2 m wide and from 1.5 m deep. For a hut with a hut, the depth is the same, but the width is taken from 0.9 m - in a hut at shoulder level (this is about 1.6 m from the floor for a person of average height in shoes), and in a hut along the floor. In block Khrushchevs there are toilets 0.7x1.1 m, then they don’t go there in warm outerwear and garden shoe covers.

Note: it is permissible to reduce the width of the toilet of a weekend summer cottage to 1 m.

In any case, there should be at least 40 cm from the head of a standing person to the nearest wall, this is important when calculating the angle of inclination of the walls of the hut. The height of the ceiling above the floor is not lower than 2.1 m, above the toilet seat - from 1.9 m. The height of the side of the seat above the floor, also based on heavy shoes, is taken more than the standard for an apartment toilet 40 cm by 5-6, up to 10 cm, t .e. 45-50 cm, depending on the height of users.

About door hinges

Cabins, a hut, a birdhouse and a house have a common drawback: if you forget to lock the door, the wind can loosen it together with the booth in just 10-20 minutes. To avoid this, it is advisable to hang the door on barn hinges, as in pos. 1-3 fig. above. A strong hut is not afraid of this, its door can be safely hung on hidden hinges.

Building a booth

The construction of the simplest birdhouse cabin is illustrated step by step in Fig; the entire installation is carried out on nails 100 mm (for 60 mm timber) or 150 mm, for timber 80x80. Sheathing is carried out on nails 60-70 mm.

No one will argue that such a primitive building as a country toilet is one of the main structures, the construction of which is started in the first place. Agree that in a suburban area you can do without a country house, gazebo or fence, but without a toilet in the country - no way. A self-built country toilet will provide minimal comfort, which will allow you to fully relax and work.

Before starting excavation work, it is necessary to study the sanitary and hygienic requirements and, in accordance with them, choose the installation site.

Features of country toilets

Installing a toilet in the country is not difficult, while it is quite possible to do it yourself without resorting to outside help. It is important to take into account some features of such construction:

• Mandatory compliance of the installation site with sanitary and hygienic requirements presented to cesspools;
• It is impossible to allow a do-it-yourself country toilet to create inconvenience to neighbors ;
• At the start of construction, it must be a method of emptying the cesspool is provided ;
• The choice of toilet design directly depends on the water horizon of the site. With a low placement of groundwater, the cesspool should only be of a sealed type .

Following our instructions, you will not only be able to properly build a country toilet with your own hands, but also save yourself from the problems associated with its operation.

Varieties of toilets for summer cottages

In the country, you can build one of several designs of toilets. The selection criteria can be both the height of the water horizon and the frequency of use of the closet, as well as the amount of financial costs that are planned for its construction and maintenance.

All existing outdoor latrines can be classified according to the way waste is disposed of. Consider some of the most popular designs.

Toilets with cesspools for summer cottages

This is perhaps one of the most popular designs in rural courtyards and summer cottages. It is not difficult to build a cesspool-type toilet with your own hands in the country, because the usual deep pit serves as a sewer, in which liquid residues evaporate or soak into the ground.

The depth of the pit directly affects the frequency of its cleaning, so it is not often necessary to rake out the garbage. Most often, the hole is simply covered with soil, digging a new one next to it. An elevated structure can be anything - you can build a country toilet with your own hands from boards, bricks, slate sheets or metal profiles. The main thing is that the necessary strength of the frame is provided and ventilation is present.

1. Wooden toilet. The choice of such a design is justified both by the simplicity of construction and its low cost. Agree, you can build a wooden toilet with your own hands with minimal skills. A wooden structure is often stylized as a fabulous house, having received not only a functional, but also an aesthetic structure. Often, not boards, but clapboards are used for sheathing the frame. Such a do-it-yourself country toilet also looks stylish, as evidenced by the numerous photos posted on the network. The most important advantage of a wooden building is that when the hole is filled, it is dug in another place, and the house is transferred.

1. Toilet from metal profile sheets. There are two ways to install such a structure. In the first, a wooden frame is used, and in the second, a base welded from shaped metal pipes. Then the base is sheathed with slate sheets using self-tapping screws or rivets. It is not difficult to build a toilet from profile sheets with your own hands, but this design gets very hot in the summer in the country. It is best to install a metal closet in a permanently shaded place and sheathe it from the inside with polystyrene foam sheets.

1. Brick toilet. Before you build a brick toilet in the country with your own hands, inspect the site well, study existing projects, watch the video. It will not be possible to transfer such a structure to a new place, so it is necessary to provide a way to clean the cesspool. When constructing a brick building, do not forget about the need to install a concrete floor.

play closet

This type of toilet resembles the design described above. Its feature is the device of the cesspool. Most often her walls and bottom are sealed so that during filling it was possible to pump out waste with a sewage machine. Equipping this toilet in the country with their own hands, they dig elongated pit, for the possibility of unobstructed installation of the vacuum hoses. A huge disadvantage of backlash closets is the impossibility of cleaning them in the winter. therefore, if necessary, install a pit heating system.

Powder closet

This toilet has a small (maximum 20 litres) waste container installed under the high chair. After coping with natural needs, the waste is covered with ash, sawdust or peat. To do this, a box with these bulk materials is installed in the room. If you are interested in the question of how to make a toilet in the country, remember the disadvantages of powder closets: pouring the contents of a sewer tank into a compost pit with your own hands is not the most pleasant procedure. We will not be silent about the huge advantage of such a closet - with proper ventilation, it can be placed even in a country house.

Peat toilet for a summer residence

The peat toilet is a more advanced powder-closet design. The peculiarity of the device is that there is no need for an additional box with peat - it is poured directly inside. Having visited the peat toilet, the waste is “powdered”, and after filling the sewer tank, it is taken out and taken out.

Choosing the location of the toilet

To build a toilet in the country with your own hands will help our recommendations regarding the choice of a place for future construction:

• If you are planning a building equipped with a cesspool, then be sure to consider the need for an access road for a sewage truck;
• The distance from the toilet to the place of water intake should not exceed the sanitary norm of 25 meters, the distance to nearby buildings should be more than 5 meters, and to the border of the site - 1 meter.
• Be sure to study the wind rose map and consider their direction.
• The door of the toilet should open in the direction opposite to the nearest boundary of the site.

Also, do not install the toilet in very remote places and do not obstruct access routes. Provide free access to the facility.

We build a country toilet of the Birdhouse type with our own hands

The "birdhouse" is a wooden one, lined with any available material, with a single or gable roof. Such a toilet is installed in combination with a cesspool. By equipping a country toilet of this type with your own hands, you can use ready-made drawings or create an individual project.

As a typical project, you can take the following dimensions for the Birdhouse toilet with a pitched roof:

1. rear wall height - 2 m,
2. front - 2.30 m
3. with a width of at least 1 m.

The dimensions of the base are not less than 1x1m. Installing a wooden toilet with your own hands is a must control of horizontal and vertical surfaces using the building level.

So, we are building the Birdhouse toilet. For work you will need :

• Concrete border 2 m long - 2 pcs. or sand-cement blocks - 4 pcs.
• Ruberoid - 2 m2.
• Sand.
• Edged board: 6000x100x50mm - 3 pcs., 6000x100x50mm - 1 pc., 6000x90x32mm - 3 pcs.
• Lining 3000x87mm - 40 pcs.
• Wooden beam 6000x50x50 - 1 pc.
• Sheet steel profile galvanized 1520x2000x0.4mm - 1 pc.
• Door block 900x2000mm
• Door hinges, latch, handle, nails, self-tapping screws.
• Paint or varnish.

Let's describe toilet building process in the country with their own hands in stages:

1. Digging a cesspool not less than 1x1x2 m in size. Remember that the dimensions of the toilet that you plan to install in the country with your own hands are predetermined by the dimensions of the pit. At the bottom of the pit we pour a layer of broken brick or rubble.

1. As a foundation for a house we install a concrete curb at a distance of no more than 20 cm from the edges of the pit as a ceiling. To do this, we dig it in so that the height of the concrete base above the ground is no more than 10-15 cm. Instead of a curb, you can dig four blocks of sand-cement mortar at the corners of the cesspool, on which we subsequently install the frame.

1. Laying on a concrete curb roofing material in 3-4 layers as a moisture insulator.
2. Building a wooden frame and sheathe it with boards, lining, etc. The floor of the toilet must be laid with a board with a thickness of at least 40mm. It is better to use hardwoods - oak, beech, larch and others.

1. Cutting a hole in the floor up to 30 cm across. The shape of the "point" can be arbitrary: oval, heart, rhombus, circle, etc.

1. We install the door and cut out a window of any shape in it for the passage of light.
2. The roof of the house is covered with roofing material, asbestos-cement or profiled steel sheet.

1. We paint the structure oil paint or varnish.

When equipping wooden country toilets with your own hands, do not forget to install the simplest ventilation. Its purpose is to divert air from the pit into the atmosphere. To do this, you can take any pipe with a diameter of at least 100 mm. Then, a hole of the required diameter is cut in the roof and podium of the toilet and the pipe is installed at a height of at least 20 cm above the roof. All places where the hood passes are sealed, and a deflector is installed at its end, which will create the necessary traction.

From the inside, the country toilet "Birdhouse" can be done with your own hands sheathe with foam, and in order to beautifully veneer it with suitable material, just watch a video from the network and use ready-made ideas.

We build a toilet of the "Hut" type with our own hands

The "Hut" type toilet, although more difficult to manufacture, looks much more spectacular than the "Birdhouse".

Some craftsmen stylize a country toilet like a fairy-tale house, creating real masterpieces with their own hands. Photos of such buildings from the network amaze the imagination with their thoughtfulness and craftsmanship. Well? Are we building such an original toilet in the country? Then we get down to business and begin to dig a cesspool. Its dimensions can be taken from the previous project. At the corners of the pit, they dig a recess in the ground for the installation of concrete blocks. To control the squareness, not only the distance between the blocks is measured. The diagonals of the base should also be the same.

When installing the foundation, they control the horizontal by placing an even rail on two adjacent blocks, and a building level on top. The height of the concrete base should be no more than 15 cm above the surface of the site.

In order not to miss important little things, install a country toilet with your own hands step by step :

1. Lay any moisture insulator on an impromptu foundation. The roofing material, laid in 2-3 layers, copes well with this function.

1. A frame is assembled from a 50x50mm timber bases measuring 1x1m and nail it with edged boards. On top of this "deck" a floorboard is arranged.

1. Cutting a technological hole in the bottom. You can not be limited to a circle and come up with an interesting shape of a “point”.

1. We cover the wooden base with an antiseptic from all sides. If, when installing a toilet in the country with your own hands, you are not sure of the correctness of your actions, study the instructions in which all processes are described in stages.
2. Using a sketch or drawing, assemble the back and front parts.

1. Sew both parts"Hut" from the inside clapboard.

1. Install the back and front walls on the floor and fasten them with scraps of boards.
2. Nail the batten boards. At the end of the work, they also need to be sheathed.
3. Take boards with a length of at least 1800 mm and, resting them on the back and front of the "Hut", pin them to the rails. Thus, we get the roof of the house.

1. Roofing on our built in the country, you can install a toilet with your own hands, having studied photos of similar structures or making your imagination work. In principle, any material will do, but do we really need banality when we create a house from a fairy tale?
2. Installing a fad, you can decorate it with a suitable figurine.
3. We hang doors, having previously provided them with a handle and a hook. From the outside we nail a spinner of arbitrary shape.

1. Painting the toilet house oil paint or varnish.

When installing a toilet in the country with your own hands, turn on your imagination or watch a video showing a gallery of toilet houses, do not be afraid to experiment. Only in this case you will get an elegant, exclusive structure.

Features of installing a peat toilet

The use of a peat substrate for sprinkling waste is justified for several reasons.

• Firstly, peat perfectly absorbs unpleasant odors.
• Secondly, the increased hygroscopicity of the substrate contributes to increased liquid absorption, which ultimately contributes to an increase in the frequency of cleaning the toilet.
• Thirdly, after direct application, the mixture is used as a fertilizer, since peat is initially rich in bacteria that convert organic waste into compost.

A factory-made peat toilet does not require connection to the electrical network, water supply and sewerage, so it is a truly autonomous design for a summer residence.

The operation of such a toilet is based on the separation of waste products into solid and liquid fractions. If frequent use of the device is expected, then the removal of the purified liquid fraction is provided by drainage or a special hose. The solid fraction is located in the lower container and, if necessary, can be easily removed, since the container is easily removed and has carrying handles.

The advantage of factory designs is also ease of maintenance - it is enough to remove waste from the storage tank, rinse the container and add the substrate.

The easiest way is to buy a ready-made device. For those who want to save money, we will tell you how to make a toilet in the country with your own hands. To do this, you will need several boards, a sheet of plywood, nails and screws, as well as a toilet seat. So, we describe step by step, how to build a peat-type country toilet with your own hands :

1. We collect the box, connecting four boards with screws. We make a cutout in the front of the structure for ease of installation of the container.

1. We sew the top side of the box with plywood sheet, after cutting a hole in it for a bucket.
2. We fasten the legs to the corners of the box in such a way that you can easily replace the waste container.

1. We install the structure on the legs and attach a seat to the functional hole (it can be factory made of plastic or wooden).
2. Install a plastic bucket under the hole with a layer of peat previously poured to the bottom up to 5 cm.

1. If you plan to place a peat toilet in open space, then build a house, for example, the same "Hut".

We specifically do not give the dimensions of the toilet, which is designed for do-it-yourself installation in the country. It is so simple that even a schoolboy can repeat the design. Let me just give a few recommendations :

• Stock up on several buckets with lids. This contributes to the convenience of using the toilet.
• Empty the bucket when the waste is no more than a third full.
• Add composting bioaccelerators to peat.
• Use factory filler.
• Dump the removed waste into a compost heap and after the required time you can use it as fertilizer for garden crops.

We hope that our instructions, which describe step by step how to install a country toilet with your own hands, will help you solve one of the primary tasks that arise when developing a suburban area.

Often, the first thing a person thinks about after buying a plot is how to make a simple outdoor toilet in a country house with their own hands and ready-made drawings will come in handy here, as well as a detailed description of all stages of construction, tips and nuances.

One of the most important and vital buildings in a summer cottage or garden plot is the toilet. The need for a simple construction arises within a few hours after arrival. And even if the owners already have a bathroom in a cozy house, outdoor amenities will never be superfluous.

A toilet in a summer cottage is easy to build with your own hands

The simplicity of the design allows even a person without much building experience to equip a toilet for a summer residence with their own hands. And if you connect fantasy, then a house for thinking about

fit perfectly into the design of the site and, perhaps, even become its decoration.

Which toilet to build: types and features

Actually, there are only two options here: with or without a cesspool.

• A pit toilet is a simple, time-tested structure that consists of an equipped cesspool and a toilet house above it. As the pit is filled with sewage, they clean it manually or order a sewage machine.
  And sometimes they just move the house to another place. The old pit is buried, and after 6-7 years its contents will finally rot and you can put the toilet back again.

• Backlash closet - a kind of street toilet with a sewage pit, but with the difference that it must be airtight. Such a toilet has to be built if it is located close to the house, a water source, or when groundwater is high.

Scheme: how the backlash closet works

• A toilet without a cesspool or a powder closet is equipped if the groundwater is very high or if the toilet is not used much. In this case, anything can be a container for collecting sewage, except for a pit (bucket, barrel, plastic tank). The required volume determines the intensity of using the bathroom.

After each trip to such a toilet, sewage is sprinkled with dry peat, sometimes sawdust or ash is used, so a box for “masking powder” should be provided in the house. After filling, the container is removed manually, and the contents are evacuated to the compost pit. If sewage was sprinkled with peat, then after a while they become a wonderful fertilizer.

Toilet without a cesspool (powder closet)

Important! If the groundwater lies below 2.5 meters, any type of toilet can be built, but if they are located higher, then the cesspool will have to be abandoned.

Where to build a toilet

For pit latrines, there are a number of sanitary and hygienic standards and restrictions on which their location on the site depends.
Minimum distances from the toilet to other objects:

• To water sources (wells, wells, lakes, rivers) - 25 m;
• To houses, cellars - 12 m;
• To a summer shower or bath - 8 m;
• To the nearest tree - 4 m, and to shrubs - 1 m;
• To the fences - at least 1 m.

Scheme: the correct location of the toilet relative to other buildings in the summer cottage

Important! When choosing a construction site, it is worth considering not only the objects located on your own site, but also those located on the neighboring one.

So that summer evenings on the terrace are not spoiled by amber, the place is chosen taking into account the wind rose. If the site is located on a slope, it is better to put the toilet at the lowest point.

Construction of a cesspool

After selecting and preparing the site, they begin to dig a cesspool. As a rule, it is square in shape, at least 2 meters deep.
The cesspool is of two types:

• Sealed. The bottom of such a pit is concreted, reinforced before pouring, and so that the reinforcement does not drown in concrete, it is placed on pegs. The walls are also sealed, puttied with a mortar or the seams are covered with bitumen.

Sealed toilet pit

• Absorbing. It is better to dig such a hole to the sand, then the liquid fraction of sewage will quickly go into the ground. The bottom is covered with a layer of large rubble or pebbles.

Absorption pit design

There are several ways to strengthen the walls of a cesspool:

• Brickwork;
• concrete structure;
• Ready reinforced concrete rings;
• Plastic tank.

From above, the pit is covered, with bars, slate or concreted, leaving only the area under the toilet seat open, and they begin to assemble the toilet house.

Construction of a toilet house

The optimal dimensions of a country toilet are 1 × 1.5 m, height - 2.2-2.5 m. Otherwise, it will simply be inconvenient, especially for people with large shapes. It is not necessary to make toilet drawings on your own, if there are no special requirements and ideas, you can use ready-made ones.
First of all, the scheme is convenient in that it allows you to correctly calculate the amount of building materials and the preliminary cost of a yard bathroom.

Building a toilet over a cesspool (correct placement scheme)

frame base

The toilet house is recommended to be pushed forward 2/3 above the cesspool, thus providing access to it for cleaning behind the back wall of the structure.
The stability of the building can provide a shallow foundation. Waterproofing is laid between it and the frame, 1-2 layers of roofing material. But for a light wooden building, it is not at all necessary. The base is enough to install on concrete blocks.
You can also put four supporting pillars. To do this, four pits about 60 cm deep are dug in the corners of the future structure, up to 1 meter in soft soils, and asbestos pipes are lowered into them. The pit is filled with cement mortar by a third. After that, a support beam is installed in the pipe, and the pit is completely filled with concrete.

Installing the toilet base on concrete blocks

Frame assembly

For the construction of the frame, it will be enough bars with a section of 50 × 50 or 80 × 80 mm, it is not advisable to take a larger material.

• First, a rectangular support with a jumper is assembled, from which the front wall of the toilet seat will rise, and screwed to the foundation or support posts. A board is laid on top. The thickness of the floor board must be at least 3 cm.

Construction of a wooden frame for a toilet

• The frame of the front, rear and side walls is assembled from the timber. In this case, the front wall should be at least 10 cm higher than the back wall, this will provide the necessary slope of the roof.
• For greater structural strength on the side and rear walls, it is recommended to make diagonal jibs.
• On the front wall, it is necessary to make a reinforcement for the door of the appropriate size and make a hole for the window.
• The wall frames are fixed on the base with metal corners, a strapping is made on top and at the level of the toilet seat.

Strengthening the frame of the toilet with metal corners

• The next step is to assemble the toilet seat frame and sheath it, unless alternative options are provided, for example, a floor-mounted toilet.

Frame sheathing

Sheathe the frame with wooden boards. The vertical arrangement allows you to significantly save material, and the horizontal one imitates a log house and looks more interesting. The boards are tightly fitted to each other and attached to the base. Instead of wood, they also use corrugated sheets, slate, or any other material that matches the construction budget.

Toilet frame upholstery

Advice! It is desirable to treat all wooden structural elements with a special antibacterial impregnation, which will protect the material from moisture and pests, and then varnish or paint

Roof

The roof should not protrude beyond the walls by more than 30 cm. Installation begins with fixing parallel boards at a short distance. After that, the visor is sewn from below, the boards are attached from the outside around the perimeter. A layer of waterproofing is laid on the prepared base, usually it is roofing material, after which the structure is covered with any roofing material (slate, metal profile, bituminous tiles).

A simple flat roof is enough for a toilet

Summer residents who are not satisfied with the standard scheme of the house can find drawings of more interesting options, make it on their own or purchase ready-made toilet houses, they are assembled according to the type of designer, and for convenience, instructions and all accompanying drawings must be attached to them.

Exhaust ventilation

Exhaust ventilation in the country toilet - is a pipe that removes odors from the cesspool. Its lower edge is led into the pit, and the upper one should rise above the roof by at least 20 cm.

Arrangement of ventilation of a country toilet

A plastic pipe with a diameter of 100 millimeters is suitable for arranging ventilation. It is attracted to the back wall from the inside or outside of the building and fixed with iron clamps. To increase traction, a deflector nozzle is installed on the head.

Toilet door installation

Doors are installed with ordinary wooden, ready-made plastic or home-made ones, from the material with which the frame was sheathed. Hang the door on 2 hinges. The method of closing, in principle, can be any, traditionally it is a latch, latch or hook, outside and inside. It is better to refuse more tricky locking systems, for example, with latches, since their mechanism will be exposed to moisture and quickly rust.

Two hinges are enough to install the door

Lighting

For a more comfortable operation of amenities, it is better to take care of their lighting in advance. It can be a wall flashlight that runs on battery power. Alternatively, you can bring the wiring and connect a small lighting device.

Country toilet lighting options

And during the day, a small window will illuminate the interior. It is usually cut out above the doors or at the top of the door, but there are actually more options, from figured windows on the walls to a transparent roof.

Advice! A latrine pit will last longer if toilet paper and other hygiene or household items are not thrown into it, so be sure to have a bucket in the toilet. If dimensions allow, it is convenient to install an ordinary washbasin with a hanging spout here, especially since you have already prepared a rowing pit.

Powder closet: features of the building

The absence of a cesspool is the main difference in construction. But there are some differences in the design of the house. You will have to think about a way to extract the container in which sewage is collected.

Scheme: powder closet device

The door is usually equipped with the back wall of the house or the front wall of the toilet seat. Inside the booth, a special box is installed for peat (ash, sawdust). Ventilation is also indispensable here, only the pipe does not fall into the pit, but directly under the toilet seat.

Building a toilet in the country: video

August 6, 2016
Specialization: facade finishing, interior finishing, construction of dachas, garages. The experience of an amateur gardener and horticulturist. He also has experience repairing cars and motorcycles. Hobbies: playing the guitar and much more, for which there is not enough time :)

The toilet is one of the most necessary objects in the country. Therefore, experienced people always advise starting the arrangement of a bare area from it. But, how to make a toilet on your own, without having any experience in such work?

Next, I will try to help in this matter. Of course, we will not consider how to install an installation in a house or perform any other complex operation. Below I will only describe a few of the simplest ways to build an outdoor closet, aimed at beginners. We will also touch on some aspects of arranging a restroom in a house or inside another building.

Options for building an outdoor closet

You can build a toilet in the country from almost any material that you have at hand. For example, if you are going to build a country house, and have purchased building materials with a good supply, then the toilet can be built from the same materials, for example, from foam blocks. bricks, etc. In this case, a capital building with solid walls will turn out, however, it will take a relatively long time to build.

If you want to build a toilet with minimal time and effort, it is better to make it framed from a bar or metal profile, and then sheathe it with any material that you have at hand:

• boards;
• clapboard;
• polycarbonate;
• corrugated board, etc.;

If there is already a building on the site with free space sufficient for a toilet, then you can not build a booth. Below I will tell you how to make a toilet in the garage, in the house or any other building that is on the site.

Regardless of how you build the toilet, this procedure will include several basic steps:

Let's take a closer look at each of these steps below.

Toilet design

So, first of all, we need to draw up a project for the future building. This stage involves the solution of several important tasks at once:

In fact, there is nothing complicated about this, however, each of the stages has its own nuances.

Cabin design

The simplest is the frame structure of the toilet. The frame, as a rule, consists of four racks, as well as the lower and upper trim. To increase the strength, braces and crossbars are additionally used.

Of course, if you wish, you can use a more complex frame, for example, to make a closet in the form of a tower. Also, sometimes a toilet and an outdoor shower are combined under one roof, which is also very convenient. Moreover, the layout may include a locker room so that things do not get wet while taking a shower.

On our portal you can find other ideas for the toilet. The main thing is that the level of their complexity is commensurate with your skills. If you are doing this kind of work for the first time, then it is better to perform a simple rectangular booth.

The project of a brick or block closet is simpler, since all walls are built by laying bricks or blocks. Therefore, the drawing should indicate only their location and the number of rows on each wall for the convenience of further work.

However, before drawing up a drawing of a structure, it is necessary to determine its dimensions. The latter, of course, can be taken arbitrarily at will, however, there are some generally accepted standards:

• height - 2 meters. This is usually quite enough, however, if there are tall people in the family, this parameter can be increased;
• the width according to the norms should be at least one and a half meters;
• length - 2 meters, this is also enough to position the toilet seat and provide a spacious area in front of it.

When drawing up a drawing, it is necessary to indicate not only the overall dimensions of the toilet, but also the dimensions of all parts in millimeters in order to avoid mistakes during the construction process. After that, you can calculate the amount of materials.

toilet type

After the design of the cabin is ready, you need to decide how the waste will accumulate or be processed. Depending on this, outdoor closets can be divided into several types:

• with a cesspool - in this case, there is a pit under the toilet, which is usually cleaned every few years;

• powder closet - in this case, there is a small container under the toilet seat, which is taken out and emptied from time to time;
• dry closet - in fact, this same powder closet, but in this case, waste products are sprinkled with peat, as a result of which they immediately begin to be processed. After filling the container, the waste is poured into the compost pit, where over time an excellent fertilizer for plants is formed.

I must say that the dry closet can be placed even in the house or any other room. In this case, no additional plumbing for the toilet is needed. The only thing you have to do, for example, from drywall.

On sale there are ready-made dry closets in the form of plastic toilet bowls with a tank. Instead of water in the tank is peat. The price of these products starts from 4500-5000 rubles.

The most common is a pit latrine, since after its construction, you can forget about any care for several years. The pit is necessarily made with sealed walls and a filter bottom to remove the liquid constituents of the waste. A layer of sand and gravel is used as a filter.

Groundwater should be located at a depth of at least six meters from the soil level. Otherwise, the bottom of the cesspool must be sealed.

As for the volume of the well, two cubic meters is enough for a family of three to clean it every few years. If you have a large family, and you will spend a lot of time in the country, you can increase its volume to 2.5 cubic meters.

Of course, it is much easier and faster to make a powder closet, however, it is less convenient in terms of operation, since you will often have to empty the container. But, if you have made such a decision, put a bucket of peat near the toilet seat so that after each visit to the restroom you can sprinkle the contents of the bucket with peat. Thus, you will get a dry closet.

Location selection

The final step in designing a toilet with your own hands is to determine its location. You can place a dry closet or powder closet in any place convenient for you.

If there are level differences on the site, then the toilet should be located as close as possible to the highest point in order to exclude the possibility of it being flooded with melt or storm water.

But when choosing a place for a toilet with a cesspool, certain rules must be observed. The fact is that according to sanitary standards, a certain distance must be observed from the toilet to important objects on the site:

You need to place the toilet on the site so that unpleasant odors do not interfere with your rest or the rest of your neighbors.

In addition, it should be borne in mind that sooner or later the pit will have to be cleaned out. Therefore, it is desirable place the toilet closer to the outer fence so that a sewage truck can drive up to it.

After preparing the project, you can proceed to the practical part - construction.

Building a block or brick toilet

Pit and foundation preparation

First of all, consider how to build a capital toilet from blocks and bricks. Work should begin with the implementation of a cesspool, which in our case will serve as a foundation. The instructions for doing this work look something like this:

1. First of all, you need to mark the site. It is desirable to arrange the pit so that it is at least 30-40 centimeters longer than the booth. In this case, behind the toilet, you can make a hatch for pumping waste.
   In the process of marking, it should be borne in mind that the minimum width between the walls should be one and a half meters. Those. the width of the pit must be indicated taking into account the thickness of the walls;
2. then you need to dig a hole to a depth of about one and a half meters;
3. then the bottom is covered with sand and gravel, after which it is carefully rammed. If groundwater is located nearby, the bottom should be reinforced and angered with concrete;

1. then the walls of the pit are completed. They can be built of brick or poured with concrete.
   This operation is performed according to the same principle as the strip foundation. On our portal you can find detailed information on how this is done;
2. when the walls are ready, it is necessary to pour a concrete floor with a thickness of at least 5 cm. At the same time, do not forget to make a hatch over the toilet seat, and also leave an open area that will be located behind the toilet.

After each stage of pouring, i.e. pouring the bottom, floor, walls and ceiling, you need to stop work so that the concrete gains the necessary strength.

This completes the process of building a cesspool. Now you need to wait until it gains brand strength.

Building walls and roofs

The laying of the walls of the toilet has no features and is performed in the following sequence:

1. along the perimeter of the concrete slab, several layers of roofing material should be laid to waterproof the walls;
2. then the laying of bricks or blocks is carried out. There is nothing particularly difficult in this procedure. The only thing is that you need to carefully lay each row so that all the bricks are located in the same horizontal and vertical plane.
   To do this, you need to use the level, as well as pull the ropes that will serve as beacons. In addition, try to ensure that all joints have the same thickness (about 5 mm) and are completely filled with mortar;

1. lintels must be made above the door and window openings. For these purposes, you can use two metal corners located so that a brick or block can become on them;
2. when the walls are "raised" to the required height, you need to complete the roof. To do this, lay boards that can be fixed to the walls with dowels. A waterproofing film is laid on top of the boards and lathing is carried out with slats.

Any roofing material is attached over the crate - slate, corrugated board, metal tiles, etc.

The back wall of the toilet should be 15-20 centimeters lower than the front to ensure the slope of the roof.

On this, the construction of the capital toilet is almost completed. Now you need to make a toilet seat from the boards, which is a box with a hatch, as well as install a door and make a cover for the pit from the boards. Below I will tell you in more detail how the door and the toilet seat are made.

Arrangement of a cesspool and foundation

If the toilet will be your first construction experience, then it is better to make it framed, as it is much easier. In this case, the cesspool can be made from car tires.

To do this, follow these steps:

1. First of all, you need to mark the site and dig a hole in the back of the toilet. Its dimensions must be such that it is possible to lay the tires flat;
2. then the bottom of the pit is made according to the scheme described above, after which tires are stacked on top of each other until they reach ground level;
3. now you need to complete the columnar foundation. To do this, you need to dig pits according to the size of concrete blocks at each corner of the structure to a depth of about 40 cm. After that, the bottom of the pits needs to be covered with sand and gravel about 30 cm thick, carefully compacted and then laid concrete blocks.
   The blocks must be located in the same horizontal plane, so use beacons and a level during their installation;
4. At the end of the work, several layers of roofing material must be laid on the blocks.

Now that the pit and foundation are ready, you can start arranging the frame.

Frame construction

The easiest way is to build a frame from a bar with a section of 50x50 mm, since this does not require a welding machine and any special tools. It is made as follows:

1. a grillage in the form of a rectangle of timber is laid on the foundation. You can fasten the timber together with self-tapping screws and metal corners;

1. further, according to the same principle, vertical racks are installed, which can be strengthened with braces;

1. a cross member is mounted at the base, which will separate the toilet seat area from the floor. On this crossbar, the toilet seat racks will be located in the future;
2. from above, the upper strapping is performed, which is also fastened with corners and self-tapping screws;
3. now you need to fix the racks and crossbars at the locations of the door and window openings;
4. at the end of the work, you need to complete the frame of the toilet seat, which also consists of racks from horizontal crossbars.

sheathing

Now that the frame is ready, it needs to be sheathed. As mentioned above, it can be made from any "improvised" materials. For example, polycarbonate sheathing looks original.

If the exterior of the site is made in a rustic or Russian style, make it from a lining or at least from boards. Sheathing is also attached to the frame using our favorite self-tapping screws. By the same principle, the toilet seat is sheathed.

The roof is made according to the scheme described above. As for the door, it can be made from boards of suitable length, which are fastened together with Z-shaped slats. Boards are simply laid on the floor of the toilet.

That, in fact, is all that I wanted to tell you about the construction of an outdoor toilet. I note that the presence of a restroom on the site does not at all mean that you need to abandon the amenities in the house. On the contrary, if the toilet was not originally planned, you can allocate space for it at the expense of the living room.

The dry closet in this case is not the only way to equip the toilet in the house. If you want to create the most comfortable conditions, you can perform an autonomous sewage system and install a septic tank.

In this case, even the installation of an installation in the toilet can be realized. However, this is a separate topic for conversation, which we will talk about next time.

Conclusion

Building a toilet is a task that every home craftsman can handle. Moreover, you can build a frame structure yourself in just a few days. I hope the above information was helpful to you.

For more information, see the video in this article. If you have any difficulties during the construction process or have other questions, ask them in the comments, and I will be happy to answer you.