Photo: instagram.com/kurkumasladkova
25 articles
A rubric in which we will carefully study various areas of urban life and create guidebooks on them. From concept coffee shops to ski lodges, from private galleries to laundromats, anything can be our focus.
If you are an avid sweet tooth, we have two news for you: good and bad. The bad news is that in the regional Ministry of Health we were told that excessive consumption of sweets is harmful to health. Elevated blood sugar levels can lead to obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependent), vascular atherosclerosis, and metabolic syndrome. But there is good news: in Perm, you can buy healthy sweets. They are made from natural ingredients and no sugar is added to them. Where to find them, read the material.
According to the regional Ministry of Health, last year, high blood sugar was found in 4.6% of all those examined at the medical examination. And overweight - 53.5%.
Elevated blood sugar levels can lead to diseases - for example, reduced sensitivity of cells to the action of insulin. “Because of this, sugar from the blood cannot enter the cells, the amount of insulin in the blood rises, which increases the likelihood of obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome,” said the regional Ministry of Health.
Glucose is the main source of energy for humans. However, in order to get enough of it, it is not necessary to consume sugar in its pure form. After all, glucose is the end product of the breakdown of all carbohydrates, for example, porridge or bread. The body needs natural, natural glucose, which is found, for example, in vegetables and fruits.
When choosing products, doctors advise using such an indicator as the glycemic index (GI) - this is the time of absorption of glucose into the blood. The lower the GI, the slower glucose enters the body. Foods with a GI over 70 should be avoided. These foods include cooked potatoes, watermelon, dates, baked goods, confectionery, fast food, and soda.
In addition to the fact that sweets have an increased GI, there is another problem: in the industrial production of our favorite cakes, coffees and chocolates, artificial flavors, dyes and other substances are used. For example, emulsifier E476. The name of this dietary supplement is polyglycerol polyricinoleate, it is derived from ricinoleic acid and glycerin, it is made from castor oil to replace expensive cocoa butter.
Fortunately, there are manufacturers of sugar-free sweets and artificial food additives on the Permian market.
Zlaki
At the end of 2012, Anna and her husband, street artist Alexander Zhunyov, opened the Zlaki cafe. Only raw food dishes were cooked in it, and a year later the project was transferred to the site of the Kholst gallery. In the spring of 2014, the owner of Kholst, Sergey Minakov, bought a cafe, renamed and reformatted it, launching his own line of semi-finished products, and also added Indian dishes to the menu. In March 2016, the institution closed, and Anna Zhuneva began to lead a project on social networks "ThousandListening" dedicated to recipes of vegetarian cuisine and the ecology of everyday life. Recently, it is under the Zlaki brand: five types of crispy crisps and two types of tubes. They are made from whole foods and do not contain sugar. For example, the composition of carrot crisps: carrots, flax seeds, flax seed cake, sesame seeds, spices, lemon juice, salt.
Six years ago, my husband and I thought about having children and decided to reconsider our diet. Many traditional dishes for the current diet were excluded, including all refined foods: white flour, sugar, refined oils, yeast. We tried to remove all unnatural. The question arose: “What then is there?” It turned out that there are a lot of alternatives to traditional sweets. First of all, it is honey, dried fruits: raisins, dates, dried apricots. Instead of suffering from the rejection of store-bought sweets, I discovered a whole new world for myself, because there are actually a lot of opportunities. I learned how to make natural chocolate with my own hands and realized that those bars that I loved very much before were simply not up to the mark with what I get. At the same time, I perfectly understand what my product is made of. We stopped eating traditional sweets because they cause health problems, including diabetes, which is now very common, not only among the elderly, but also among middle-aged people, and we have a lot of such friends and relatives. The problem is that any sweets are addictive. Apparently, a person, in principle, by nature, is dependent on the sweet taste. Therefore, it is quite difficult to give up sweets. But when you do not just refuse, but replace them with natural ones, then the problem is solved. Natural sweets do not cause such a strong addiction and saturate faster: it will be difficult for you to eat 100 grams of natural chocolate or a whole box of sweets based on dried fruits and nuts.
fruit tubes Where could I buy: PIRI PIRI proper food store (New Capital shopping center, Mira, 37), UNIQSTORE bookstore (Malaya Yamskaya 10/1), Garage Healthy Bar (Sovetskaya 51 a/2).
Turmeric Sladkova
The brand has been around for four years. Its co-founder, Ekaterina Kiselnikova, makes sweets without added sugar, based on nuts and dried fruits. Ekaterina replaces sugar with Jerusalem artichoke syrup or coconut sugar - these products have a low glycemic index and are gentler on the body than regular sugar. In the assortment of "Turmeric" there is children's chocolate - in its composition cocoa butter, fried and unroasted carob, as well as powdered coconut sugar. Ekaterina Kiselnikova uses only natural dyes, for example, blue spirulina (algae) has a bright blue color, draganfruit colors desserts pink, turmeric orange, and matcha tea gives a bright green color. Ekaterina is an environmentalist by education: before becoming a confectioner, she worked as a leading environmental engineer. Now Ekaterina supplies sweets to the Krapiva cafe and fulfills individual orders.
It all started with the fact that my friend and I went to the Zlaki cafe. I was amazed that sweets can be tasty and natural, and at the same time without sugar, based on nuts, coconut milk. We were very inspired and started experimenting. Over time, we have accumulated many recipes, and we decided to take part in the Red Market. We saw a great response from people, many liked it, and we decided to take it seriously. We created an online store, a VKontakte page. They began to cook to order, arrange boxes. The very idea was to create a high-quality tasty product and serve it beautifully as an alternative to store-bought sweets. In my recipes, I try to be minimalist and not combine too many ingredients. And if you read the compositions of industrial sweets, you can be horrified at how much everything is mixed there. I think that eating habits need to be changed and I strive to ensure that people enjoy the taste and understand it. I think that food should be treated consciously and perceived as a pleasure.
Where could I buy: cafe "Krapiva" (Petropavlovskaya, 57).
Max Cucumber
The creator of the brand name is Maxim Drachev. Maxim says that the word "cucumber" (from the English cucumber - cucumber) came to him by chance, and then took root. It sounds perky, and also reflects the product he makes: Maxim prepares vegan and raw food desserts. These sweets do not use animal products and sugar. For example, gelatin, which is used to shape the dessert, Maxim replaces with agar-agar (gelatin is a product of the processing of animal connective tissue, agar-agar is obtained from seaweed), vegetable milk is used instead of ordinary milk, instead of sugar, Jerusalem artichoke syrup, instead of chocolate - carob, and eggs can be replaced with ground flax.
I have always loved to cook. For friends, I treated them, and they really liked it. The first time I seriously thought about it was when I participated in a restaurant day in 2013. Then I was invited to the festival of sweets in Dobryanka. I like such events: when someone does something with a soul, I want to participate in it. At some point, I just changed my diet, and I realized that I feel better. Three years ago, I went vegan. When you change your views, you can no longer cook dishes that contradict them, so I began to cook only vegan desserts. I experiment quite often. A year ago I came up with a new candy - I crushed peanuts, added a little sweetener syrup, coconut flakes, covered the resulting ball with chocolate based on cocoa butter and carob. Everyone really liked it, some come to me just for the sake of these sweets. When people like what I do, I want to continue doing it. To please a person - it's so great.
Where could I buy: coffee shop FORREST st. Sibirskaya, 1), coffee house Dealme (Komsomolsky prospect, 28a), yoga studios "Kora", "Jiva" (Lunacharskogo, 3/2).
Proper sweets
Confectionery factory "Permskaya" produces a line of "Correct Sweets" - these are delicacies based on natural fruit puree based on plums, apples, cherries, sweet cherries and other berries and fruits. In the production of such sweets, dyes, preservatives and flavorings are not used, and the sugar content is either reduced or completely eliminated. Raw materials for sweets are supplied by the Bulgarian fruit processing company Hemako. Under the trademark "Correct sweets" you can buy fruit pastilles, sweets, marmalade, fruit ribbons. Composition of plum lozenges: plum puree, apple juice, gelling agent: pectin (a natural organic compound, fruits and vegetables are rich in pectin. This element reduces the rate of absorption of glucose into the blood, so it is recommended for people who suffer from diabetes), glazing agent (vegetable oil, carnauba wax - food additive E903, wax from the leaves of the palm tree Copernicia cerifera).
Where could I buy: retail chains "Bereg", "Semya", "Nash", "Lenta", "Pyaterochka", "Lakshmi", "Metro".
Instead of sugar
Under this brand, they sell dried fruits (melon, peaches, pears, persimmons, apples, tomatoes), sweets - churchkhela, alani, figs with honey, candied walnuts, linen bread, sweet and spicy-salted. All these sweets - without added sugar, sugar syrup and oil, dried in natural conditions. The brand was created by two mothers: Daria Karavaeva and Tatyana Zryachikh.
Photo: vk.com/vmesto_sahara “We noticed that our kids are very fond of fruits - fresh, dried or dried, and we love them ourselves. We don't know where to buy. Who will ask for a license at a vegetable stand? And in supermarkets, products of the appropriate quality are not always. But we were lucky - we found what we were looking for. And 90% of acquaintances and friends who tried the "find" asked where we bought it? And they wanted to try this miracle again and again. We read about refined sugar, about the features of its production and the effect on the body. It became absolutely clear to us that we need to limit its consumption. On the other hand, the sweet taste is necessary for a fulfilling life. The main question for us was what exactly are products that are useful analogues of sugar.
Where could I buy: point of issue by agreement: newspaper Zvezda, 13, Garage Healthy Bar (Sovetskaya 51 a / 2).
Training English GrammarAt mADNYMPK lBBLCHPK
ъDTBCHUFCHKhKFE, HCHBTsBENSCHE RPDRYUYUYLY TBUUSCHMLY. UEZPDOS NSC TBUUNPFTYN PUPVEOOPUFY OBBYUEOYK Y HRPFTEVMEOYS BOZYKULYI NPDBMSHOSHCHI ZMBZPMCH.
oP RTETSDE UFP LBUBEFUS CHBYI RYUEN U TsBMPVBNY ABOUT FP, UFP TBUUSCHMLB OE PFLTSCHCHBEFUS. pVSBFEMSHOP PVTBEBKFEUSH L BDNYOYUFTBFPTBN TBUUSCHMLY. eUMMY CHBN OE PFCCHEFYMY, RYYYFE NOE, CHPNPTSOP S UNPZH CHSHUMBFSH TBUUSCHMLH CHBN MYUOP.
xDBY! MADNYMB lBBLCHB.
ENGLISHMODALVERBS
nPDBMSHOSHCHE ZMBZPMSH BOZMYKULPZP SHCHLB
npdbmshopufsh - MELUYLP-ZTBNNBFYUEULBS LBFEZPTYS, PVP-OBYUBAEBS PFOPYOYE ZPCHPTSEEZP L DEKUFCHYA . nPDBMSHOPUFSH CHSHCHTBTSBAF:
ћ NPDBMSHOSHCHE UMPCHB: CHPNPTsOP, PYUECHIDOP, RP-CHYDYNPNKH / perhaps , certainly , obviously , probably , etc .
ћ NPDBMSHOSHCHE YUBUFIGSCHCH: BCHPUSH, EDCHB MY, CE /weather, hardly ever, almost ever
ћ NPDBMSHOSHCHE ZMBZPMSHCH, LPFPTSHCHE H PFMYUYE PF PVSCHUOSHI ZMBZPMCHYE, OBSCCHBAEYI DEKUFCHYE, IBTBLFETYYHAF PFOPYOYE ZPCHPTSEEZP L DEKUFCHYA: OBDP, DPMCEO, NPZH/ can (could), may (might), need to, ought to, will, shell, would, should, dare, must
ћ NBSAPLPOUFTHLGYY: to have to, to be to
ћ ZHPTNSCH OBLMPOEOYS (YYASCHYFEMSHOPE, HUMPCHOPE, RPCHEMIFEMSHOPE / Indicative Subjunctive , Imperative Mood in English)
compare:
ћ modal verbs show speakers attitude towards action:can, could, must, should, ought to, had better, may, might, will, would, shall, dare:
I can do it. I could feel fear. May I come in?
ћ Usual full verbs denote action : to go, to make, to think, to run, to feel:
I feel fear at night. I go to school every day. I think it is stupid.
BOZMYKULYE ZMBZPMSHCH RP UCHPYN NPTZHPMPZYUEULYN RTJOBBLBN RTYVMYTSBAFUS L CHURPNPZBFEMSHOSHCHN. h BOZMPSCHUOSCHHI HUEVOYLBY YI OETEDLP OBSCCHCHBAF Modal Auxiliaries.
The ten ModalEnglish auxiliaries are used with or without bare infinitive:
They differ in their meanings:
ћ Total obligation - must
ћ Necessity - need to
ћ Permission - may, might
ћ Advise or Recommendation, duty - should, ought to
ћ Physical ability - can, could
ћ Prediction - shall, will, would
ћ Bravery to do something - dare
Note: bare infinitive is an infinitive used without particle to: go, take, make, think
Bare infinitive: must take, should make/ usual (full) infinitive: need to come, ought to go.
dTHZYE OBYUEOYS NPDBMSHOSHCHI ZMBZPMCH, LPFPTSHCHE CHBTSOP HYUYFSHCHBFSH RTY RETECHPDE:
oEXCEMY- U an - could: Can/could he have failed to notice you?
OEHTSEMY MO REFINERY CHBU OE ЪBNEFYFSH?
Can nobody see him do it ? - OEKHTSEMY OILFP OE CHYDEM, UFP ON DEMBM FFP?
dPMTSOP VSHCHFSh - He must be waiting - dPMTSOP VSHCHFSH PO TsDEF.
bBRTEEBEFUS - You mustn't smoke here - ЪDEUSH ЪBRTEEBEFUS LKhTYFSH.
nPTsOP, CHPNPTsOP- He may be sleeping . - CHPNPTSOP ON BUOKHM.
TRAINING 1
1. Fill in the gaps with proper modals:
a. How ______ you have left the bathroom in such a mess?
A. couldn't
B might
C. could
D. will
b. Mat ______ be lazy but he is certainly not stupid.
A. needn't
B mustn't
C. should
D. may
c. I ______ speak Swedish, Dutch and Japanese.
A. can
B may
C. should
D. shouldn't
d. You ______ be serious about swimming outdoors in winter.
A. would
B can't
C. could
D. might
e. Plants ______ have sunlight in order to make food.
A. can
B may
C. must
D. will
THE BASICS
vBPCHSCHE RTBCHYMB
ћ Modals never change forms. They don't have-s, -ed, -ing endings
Maria can join us.
ћ Modals never use dowhen forming questions or negatives. To form negatives we usenotafter the modal and before the verb:
Will you come? You mustn't worry so much.
ћ We can use Modals with the Continuous or Perfect form of a Verb:
We should be arriving soon. She might have left.
ћ We can use Modals with the passive form of a Verb:
The interview can be arranged for another day.
ћ Dare and needsometimes act like modals withoutto: I dare say. I never need to see her again.
More often they are ordinary verbs withto:
He dared me to jump over the edge. Do you need to know now?
TRAINING 2
1. Translate into English:
a. They ought to win the next game easily. b. I am afraid you may have broken your wrist c. You could be right. d. You couldn't have seen her - she left three days ago. e. She won't have arrived. f. I didn't need to take so much money. I have to get there for eight o'clock. g. You should always pay your bills on time. h. Ought I to tell him I can't come?
2. Fill in proper Modals:
|
1. The article stated that he ___________ read at the age of three. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3. Translate into English:
1. lPZDB NOE VSHMP 5, WITH HNE RMBCHBFSh. 2. LBL FSH Refinery FBL UDEMBFSh? 3) 4. FEVE UMEDHEF TBUULBBFSH TPDYFEMSN RTBCHDH, S HCHETEOB. 5. NOE TsBMSh, OP S DPMTSEO YDFY. 6. fsch OE DPMTsEO VSHCHM PUFBChMSFSH EE PDOKH. 7. OEMSH MY NOE BDBFSH CHBN OEULPMSHLP CHPRTPPUCH? 8. h RPOEDEMSHOYL S EEE OE UNPZH DBFSH CHBN PTEDEMEOOOSCHK PFCHEF. 9. ChBN RTYDEFUS RPCHPOYFSH ENKH Y RTYZMBUIFSH ABOUT HTSYO.10. pFLHDB POI NPZMB HOBFSH PVP CHUEN?
rpme uUshchmly y chydepkhtplbny rp fene: video footnotes:
http://www. youtube. com/watch? v = S 5 Drs 2 UuB 2 Y
http://www. youtube. com /v/NUMLDz - Cs 7 A&hl=en_US&feature=player_embedded&version=3">< param
Training English GrammarAt mADNYMPK lBBLCHPK
Modal Final Test
Multiple Choice Exercise
Choose the correct answer for each gap below, then click the "Check" button to check your answers.
Cossack surnames largely repeat the fate of Russian surnames. However, the original culture and life of the Cossacks made their own adjustments to the formation of surnames, some of which we will not find anywhere else.
Non-obvious identity
Despite some claims that the Cossacks are a separate people from the Russians, most scientists recognize them as a Russian sub-ethnos. This is also evidenced by the Cossack surnames, which in many respects have identical word formation with Russian surnames. These are the surnames ending in: “-ov”, “-ev”, “-in”, which are the majority in the Cossack environment. But not everything is so clear-cut here. Surnames with a similar ending are of more ancient origin than the Great Russian nationality, the formation of which began in the 13th century. So, in the list of the agreement of the Kyiv prince Igor with the Greeks from 912, there are nicknames Gudov, Vuzlev, Utin. The endings with “-ov”, “-ev”, “-in”, which initially arose in Kievan Rus, by the 16th century became more common among the Great Russians, but in parallel they also spread to the territory of the Tmutarakan principality, where the Cossacks later settled. Vladimir Dal wrote in the essay “Ural Cossacks” that if you want to know the nickname of a Cossack and want him to understand your question, then ask him: “whose are you?”. The Cossack will certainly answer: “Karpov, Donskov, Kazargin. At the same time, the scientist added, “in all, without exception, the nicknames of the Ural Cossacks put the emphasis on -ov.” Another feature of a number of Cossack surnames is the tendency to inject suffixes, which, according to scientists, is associated with the desire of clerks to come to a single stereotype of endings in "-ov": Babkinov, Borodinov, Ilyinov, Maminov, Kharinov.
Ukrainian roots
Very often, the surnames of the Cossacks differ from the underlying Ukrainian surnames by “-o” or “-y” by adding the suffix “-ov”: Sulatsky - Sulackov, Kadatsky - Kadatsky, Demchenko - Demchenkov. The suffix "-a" usually changed to "-in": Rynda - Ryndin, and - "her" to "-ee": Kochubey - Kochubeev. However, often the change in the suffix, in particular, “-o” to “-ov”, took place even in the Little Russian environment. So, from many documents establishing the entry into the ranks of the Don Cossacks at the end of the 16th - the first half of the 17th century, individual representatives of the Ukrainian people, referred to in the Cossack and Moscow documents as "Cherkas" surnames with typically Ukrainian endings, are almost never found. For example, out of more than two hundred surnames of the list of Cherkasy from 1647, there are not even a dozen ending in “-ko” - they are found mainly in “-ov”, “-ev”: Kupreyanov, Talalaev. The surviving endings of Cossack surnames in “-iy”, “-ich”, “-ek” indicate that the ancestors of the bearers of such surnames were either from western Ukraine or from Poland: Bukovsky, Levitsky, Kokhanovsky, Vensovich, Kundilek.
Turkic roots
Scientists have every reason to believe that among the ancestors of the Don, Kuban and Ural Cossacks, nicknames with Turkic roots were as common as nicknames with a Slavic basis. Today, in some villages, surnames of non-Slavic origin are predominant. Among the most common surnames are Merzhanov, Durmasov, Katasonov, Kolomanov, Boldyrev. If it is possible to determine the region of the original existence of the surname, then, as a rule, it is possible to establish the nationality of the original bearers of the surname, which is often supported by historical documents. So, Merzhan - the founder of the Merzhanov family - was an Arab who fled with the Don Cossacks in 1640 from Turkish captivity. After the adoption of Christianity, he joined the glorious Cossack family. Misustov is the surname of the Circassian princely family, which became widespread among the Cossacks in the middle of the 18th century.
A well-known surname
Mendeleev comes from the Kalmyk word "mendele" (hello), the Kundelekovs, as documents have established, come from the Kalmyk Murza, who converted to Christianity and became a Cossack in the first half of the 18th century. The name Galdaev is based on the name Galda, also with Kalmyk roots. This is confirmed by the anthropological features of many bearers of this surname and family traditions. The surname Turoverov has a more complex origin. It consists of two words: the Turkic "tur" (wrong) and the Slavic - "faith", which literally means a non-believer. One of the representatives of the Turoverov family claims that his family originates from the Persian.
Special area
There is a special range of Russian surnames on the Don, which is confirmed, first of all, by the presence of a nuclear group of surnames, which is stable in the oldest settlements of the Don region. These are largely common surnames in Russia, but here they differ in their concentration in individual villages. The semantics of these surnames reflected the socio-historical and geographical features of the region, as well as the predominance of models typical for this area. Among the examples of the wide prevalence of such surnames are Popov (80 villages), Kuznetsov (51), Kalmykov (33), Chebotarev (27), Kovalev (26), Makarov (25), Frolov (24), Tabunshchikov (11).
Instead of a surname - patronymic
In the affairs of the Moscow Embassy Prikaz, extensive lists of Cossacks from the Winter Villages (embassies from the Don to Moscow) have been preserved, in which we will not find surnames. The Muscovite tsar in letters usually did not name the names of the Don ataman, but only his name and patronymic. This was considered a special honor. Subsequently, patronymics turned into surnames that the descendants of the Don atamans began to wear - Yermak Timofeev, Osip Petrov, Naum Vasiliev.
Where are you from?
Several subgroups of Cossack surnames reflect the names of the places from which the settlers came to the Don. For example, the surname Bukanovsky says that the ancestor of the bearer of this surname came from the village of Bukanovskaya, now located in the northwest of the Volgograd region. The Bogucharskovs, Samarins, Kaluzhenins are also speaking surnames, most often they were worn by representatives of the boyar and archery estates, who were forced to move to the Don.
External signs
In the Don documents of the 18th century, one could find many anthroponymic nicknames, which later, retaining the same structure, began to acquire suffixes. This is especially noticeable in multi-temporal documents of the same pages. So, in the village of Golubinskaya, the nickname Rastyapa, which was recorded in 1745 in 1800, grew into the surname Rastyapin, and in the village of Bagaevskaya Sivokha (1752) turned into Sivokhin (1894).
Nature and craft
Very often, the Cossack surnames were based on a nickname associated with fishing, or it reflected the flora and fauna of the area. Among the Don Cossacks, about 9% bear such surnames. So, the surname Bugaev came from the nickname Bugai (bull), Vityutnev - vityuten (wild pigeon), the same word formation is also found in the surnames Baklanov, Dyatlov, Rakov, Shchuchkin. More than 100 Don surnames reflect the names of herbs, trees, fruits and vegetables. Among them are Verbichev, Rogozin, Shipshin (shipshina - wild rose). A significant proportion in the surnames of the Don Cossacks are types of hunting: Kamyshanov, Kamyshkin - from the nicknames of hunters for waterfowl (it was common in the village of Verkhnechirskaya) or Gulebshchikov - from the nickname Gulebshchik - a big game hunter (village Elizavetinskaya).
Memorable events
A special place among the Cossacks is occupied by surnames that are associated with memorable events. So, the surname Dranitsyn (stanitsa Durnovskaya) is a derivative of the word dranets: a person who was torn by a bear. The surname Kuplenov (village Ilovlinskaya) comes from the nickname of a Cossack who was once redeemed from the Azov captivity. But there are surnames that indicate that the Cossack did not participate in a particular event. For example, the ancestor of Neduvanov (the village of Starocherkasskaya) did not take part in any memorable division (duvan) of military booty after the raid on the Turks or Tatars. In general, Cossack surnames, with a noticeable relationship with typical Russian surnames, have a unique history that reflects the specifics and flavor of the life of the Cossacks. The surnames of the Black Sea Cossacks have their own destinies, which are more similar to Ukrainian surnames, mainly ending in “-y”, “-oy”, “-y”, “-a”, “-as”. They are based on Slavic and Turkic words borrowed from their ancestors - black hoods, known as Cherkasy.
It is no coincidence that it was in Russia that the saying “Schi and porridge is our food” appeared - we have always loved dishes from cereals. More than others, buckwheat, rice, semolina and oatmeal are popular. The last two were also loved for the fact that they prepared faster than others. Why are these two porridges so convenient for cooking?
Semolina, in fact, is flour, more precisely, waste from flour milling. Its grains are only slightly larger than flour particles and, due to their very small size, quickly boil soft. With oatmeal, the situation is different: the original porridge made from whole grains is also cooked for a very long time. But the grains themselves after treatment with hot steam become looser and are well flattened into flakes. In this form, they cook quickly. And if they are additionally cut, then the cooking time will be even less. In the form of flakes, called "Hercules" and "Extra", oatmeal became popular, finally displacing whole grains of oats.
Now, if only other cereals could be done this way. Food technologists conjured over them for a long time, especially over buckwheat and rice cereals. But these grains did not flatten like oats, and instead of flakes they turned into fragments that did not want to boil faster. Rice was distinguished by its special "persistence" - after steaming, it was cooked even longer. But the food workers were able to tame them too. At the end of the 1980s in England, a company that mainly deals in horse feed developed a technique thanks to which almost all grains could not only be boiled quickly, but simply brewed - pour boiling water, and after 3-5 minutes the porridge is ready. And in their raw form, they have become more nutritious for animals.
So not only quickly-brewed buckwheat, rice, millet, wheat, barley appeared, but also rye. Previously, they did not make porridge from it, but now - please. All this today is sold both as individual flakes - rice, buckwheat, etc., and as their mixtures from several cereals. Are such porridges more useful than ordinary ones that require cooking?
“The process of making soluble flakes is called micronization,” says Dmitry Zykov, candidate of technical sciences, food technology specialist. - To understand its essence, you need to remember an ordinary microwave oven: unlike other cooking methods, it warms up the dish as if from the inside. Under the influence of microwave rays, the water in the product heats up and transfers its heat to it. Something similar happens during micronization, but special infrared (IR) rays are used for irradiation, penetrating only into small grains. The grits are steamed beforehand so that there is a lot of water in it, it boils, evaporates and swells or explodes the grains (by the way, the same thing happens when popcorn is cooked). Then they are flattened, and due to their small size and increased porosity, they are quickly brewed.”
Food, but not
But all these processes inevitably affect other properties of cereals. For example, for our taste, rice flakes do not turn out to be rice porridge, but something else. But the main thing is different - due to the increased porosity, protein is absorbed from such flakes better than from ordinary cereals. And this is good - protein is an important and valuable component of nutrition. Worse, part of the starch is converted into sugars and that they are also easier to digest. This is not good: we eat a lot of sugars, and the more difficult they are to be absorbed by the body, the more useful the product is - it does not sharply increase blood sugar and thus contributes less to weight gain. But the faster and easier the cereals are cooked, the easier they are absorbed from them.
"This is a very important issue," he says. Viktor Konyshev, Doctor of Medical Sciences and renowned nutritionist. - In recent years, special attention has been paid to the ability of carbohydrate foods to increase blood sugar - this is the so-called glycemic index of the product. The higher it is, the worse it is for health. Unfortunately, it is not customary for us to indicate this index on products, including cereals.
The problem of the usefulness of cereals is also in what the manufacturer added to them. Today, more and more often they are produced already with obviously unhealthy sugar and salt, as well as with flavoring additives. Sometimes they imitate useful components that are completely absent in the product. For example, manufacturers of quick oatmeal added pieces of apples, but with the help of flavoring agents they created the illusion of the presence of more expensive fruits. However, the apples themselves are often added little.
If we talk about the cereals themselves, then buckwheat, oatmeal, barley are better than others - they have a lot of useful substances. But semolina is not very good, it contains few minerals, mainly potassium and phosphorus, there is vitamin B1, but there are very few necessary dietary fibers, and besides, it is deficient in the amino acid lysine. We can say that the most important part of semolina is milk with its favorable composition.
A caesarean section is an operation in which the baby is removed from the mother's abdomen through a surgical incision in the uterus.
Artificial childbirth is the second name for caesarean section. Such births can be planned, or they can be emergency. Most often, a caesarean section is prescribed under special circumstances that can threaten both the life of the mother and the life of the child.
In some cases, a caesarean section is the only option. childbirth with a successful outcome. It happens that women themselves ask for such an operation so as not to endure long, painful contractions, and then attempts.
Advantages of a caesarean section
Caesarean section, due to its specificity, is shrouded in myths and conjectures. Today the editors of "So Simple!" will scatter five of them so that you can look forward to the birth of your beautiful babies and tell your friends about them.
- Hyperactivity
It is believed that a cesarean can cause unbridled activity in a growing baby. Hyperactivity is the scourge of our age. True, the reason for it is far from always caesarean, and with a good, wise upbringing, these problems can be avoided.
- Problems with mental development
Caesarean children immediately after birth are registered with a pediatrician and a neurologist. But don't worry! This is a standard procedure that is carried out solely as a precaution. If the baby is still found to have a developmental delay, the cause is usually called several factors at once, and not just a caesarean section.
- Physical underdevelopment
A caesarean section does not necessarily necessitate special developmental programs. In this case, certain kinds of problems can lead to: the ingress of amniotic fluid into the respiratory system, a late first breath, complications during anesthesia.
The risk of complications increases during an emergency cesarean, when the mother's body was not prepared for the procedure. But even in this case, the risk only increases and certainly does not become one hundred percent!
- Frequent crying
The enormous stress provoked by childbirth activates various hormones and strengthens the nervous system of the baby. Caesareans, who have not gone through this vital process, experience a certain depression of neuro-physiological processes. Various problems with the nervous system is a possible risk factor. But not mandatory!
- Milk shortage
The state of the brain in cesareans normalizes on the ninth day after birth. Babies born naturally return to normal on the first day of life. Sometimes the process of lactation is really disrupted under the influence of antibiotics, and it is mother's milk that guarantees the correct, harmonious development of the baby.
To prevent this problem, it is necessary to pay special attention to the qualifications of the doctor who will perform the operation, and not to succumb to an alarming state. Most often, milk begins to stand out later precisely because of stress!
Risks are possible with any operation. It is always worth thinking through them in advance, preparing well for them and knowing that two things guarantee a successful outcome: proper care for the baby and a good, qualified doctor. May your children be healthy!
Post Views: 34
