Frame extension to the house: what kind of wall “pie” to make and how to legalize the building. Extension to a wooden house: modern projects Drawings of extensions to an old wooden house

You can inexpensively and quickly increase the living space of the house with the help of a frame extension to the house. Why is this particular type of extension popular today? Their main feature is a number of advantages, such as:

• low cost of building materials;
• high speed of construction;
• complete absence of shrinkage, unlike other designs;
• minimum .

Frame extensions to the house - an excellent solution for houses with a small living space

A frame extension to a wooden house will allow you to change its architecture. This type implies the presence of a supporting skeleton or from a trimmed beam, from which the lower trim and corner post are actually made.

When the supporting skeleton is fully assembled, the terrace must be insulated and rough cladding must be made (CSB with sheets, LSU or OSB). Only after the rough sheathing can you proceed to the finishing of the terrace.

Excellent performance is inherent in this type of extensions, since they give off heat very slowly, so that such an extension can be heated quickly and easily.

Its decoration can be carried out only after the completion of construction, and at the same time, construction can be carried out at any time of the year.

If necessary, over time, changing the finish of such a terrace will be much easier than with conventional classical construction.

However, when building such a terrace, all points must be taken into account. To avoid over time the appearance of cracks and deformation of the extension, it is necessary to correctly place the expansion joints. What are expansion joints? An expansion joint is a joint that cuts the building from top to bottom. Such a seam allows some parts of the building to settle independently in a vertical position.

frame extension to the house
house extension project

To avoid the destruction of the outbuilding, it is necessary during its construction to separate the outbuilding with the help of sedimentary seams (2 cm slots), which should start from the bottom and go to the roof, and so on between all parts of the building. Subsequently, these gaps are filled with polystyrene foam, plastic bituminous, silicone or acrylic mass and elastic bands.

How to choose the right house extension project?

The terrace should complement the overall picture of the house, and not look like a separate element. Therefore, before you give preference to one project, you must fully think it over. The terrace should be spacious, but at the same time it cannot occupy more than 20% of the house itself.

If the house is built in a classical style, then the house should also be of the usual classical form, so that it complements the house and creates a single whole with it.

Frame panels are able to create a "thermos effect", in which heat, unlike ordinary brick walls, lasts seven times longer.

Frame projects of extensions to the house have become popular due to their low cost and ease of installation.

The main bearing function with this frame technology falls on, and various types of thermal insulation and cladding "take on" the task of protecting the structure from external harmful effects and suppresses thermal insulation and external noise.

With the lateral extension of the house, special attention should be paid to protecting the old part of the building. When designing a new extension to the house, you need to pay attention to the fact that the load-bearing walls are perpendicular to the previously built part of the house.

When extending the outbuilding, the distance from the old foundation to the new one can be several meters. In this case, the floors must be installed so that they are closer to the old structure, but at the same time they should not rest on the old walls.

You can even connect two structures - the main part of the house with an extension in an atypical way, for example, lean the floor slab on two walls - the old and the new. However, this must be done carefully so that, as a result, the walls have the possibility of small movements during the subsidence of the foundation.

Any terrace, chosen wisely and done correctly, can decorate the house and give it completeness. However, the main rule when choosing an extension is that it must necessarily be combined with the style of the house and be no more than 20% of its total living area in size.

The construction of an extension allows you to significantly expand the area of ​​\u200b\u200ba wooden house and make it more solid in appearance. Such structures are assembled from a variety of materials. It can be, for example, wood, brick or gas blocks. Of course, when building an extension, certain technologies should be observed. We will talk further about how such structures are assembled correctly.

Drafting a project

When planning such a structure as an extension to a wooden house, you should first decide:

• With material for walls, foundation and roof. A frame block or log structure is usually attached to a wooden building. Sometimes the walls are made of brick or gas blocks. Roofing material for the extension is better to choose the same as the roof of the building itself is covered. In any case, you should try to make sure that the colors of the coating sheets are at least in harmony with each other. The foundation for the extension is chosen of the same type as the foundation of the building itself.
• with the size of the building. The extension area should not be more than 2/3 of the house area. Otherwise, the building will look awkward and ugly. The house looks most harmonious when the area of ​​the new building is 1/3 of the old one.

The extension of a terrace to a wooden house, a veranda or a closed capital structure is carried out in such a way that their roof is located just below the main roof. Of course, the angle between these two structures must not be negative. Otherwise, snow and water will accumulate at the junction.

Foundation construction

Marking for such a structure as an extension to a wooden house is done in the usual way - using a level or using the “Egyptian” triangle method. The foundation of the extension should be laid to the same depth as the foundation of the building itself. Rigidly concrete tapes of houses and extensions are usually not connected. Otherwise, when a new structure shrinks, cracks may appear at the junction. However, sometimes the foundation of an extension is still tied to an existing one. In the event that cracks subsequently appear, they are simply covered with cement mortar.

The choice of the type of interface depends mainly on the type of soil and the material of the walls. If strong shrinkage is expected, it is better not to tie the foundations. The foundation for the extension is poured in the usual manner: with a sand cushion, waterproofing and reinforcement.

Frame structures

This is the cheapest type of extension, characterized by good performance. Such structures are erected in just a few days and do not shrink at all. Even a not very experienced private builder can assemble a very comfortable and aesthetic frame extension to a wooden house. The projects of such structures are unusually diverse. If necessary, using this technology, it will not be difficult to build an ordinary summer extension-veranda, an insulated residential structure, a workshop, a kitchen, and even a boiler room.

Construction features

The foundation is preliminarily built for a month. When erecting under frame walls, anchor bolts should be poured into it in increments of approximately 1.5 meters. On them and fix the bottom strapping. Its corners are usually connected using the "half-tree" method. A frame extension to a wooden house will turn out to be even more reliable if metal rods 40 cm long are poured into the foundation at the corners so that they protrude 20 cm above the surface. In this case, holes are drilled in the strapping beam in appropriate places.

The assembly of the frame begins with the installation of corner posts. Holes are drilled under the pins at their ends. Next, intermediate racks are attached (in increments of 1.5 m). Fixation is usually carried out on galvanized steel corners. In order for the pillars not to deviate from the vertical during the construction process, they should be fastened with temporary jibs. The next step is to assemble the top harness. They also fasten it to the corners, and in the corners - using the “half-tree” method.

They continue the construction of such a structure as a frame extension to a wooden house by fixing the log to the beam of the lower trim and sheathing the floor with an edged board. The floor beams are fixed to the top. After that, you can start covering the walls. First, from the side of the room, a vapor barrier membrane (bars) is attached to the pillars of the frame. Next up is the interior lining. Then, a heater is installed between the pillars from the side of the street (if the extension is winter). At the final stage, the structure is covered with a waterproofing film and sheathed with clapboard, board or siding.

Construction of block walls

Such an extension to a wooden house looks beautiful and is durable. It is also not too difficult to build, but it costs more than a frame one.

The lower crown of such an extension is laid on a waterproofed foundation in the same way as the framing of a frame structure - that is, with fastening to an anchor. Logs are fixed to it, and the floor is sheathed with a board. The assembly of the walls is carried out in the usual manner. Corners can be connected by butt or half-tree methods.

Expansion joint

A very reliable extension to a wooden house is obtained from a bar. Projects may include the construction of both open verandas and capital heated buildings from this material. However, in any case, one simple rule should be observed: it is impossible to immediately tie the walls of the extension to the house rigidly. The beam after erection gives a very strong shrinkage. Therefore, at the junction of the walls, an expansion joint should be arranged. It is very easy to do this. On both sides of the extension wall (from the side of the room and the street), bars of 100 x 100 or 50 x 50 mm are nailed to the house itself. All cracks are filled with some kind of plastic material - for example, mastic or a special sealant.

If necessary - not less than two years after the erection - an extension to a wooden house or any other, made of timber, can also be attached rigidly. In this case, either staples or special pads with screws are usually used.

brick construction

Wooden extensions - structures, of course, are beautiful and are just perfect for a suburban residential building. However, many owners of cobbled and log houses prefer to build more durable and permanent brick structures. Such an extension is assembled in the usual way with dressing of the seams, the thickness of which can be 1-1.5 cm.

Rigid connection of the walls of the extension and the house, of course, should not be done either. The brick structure has a very large weight and settles significantly. Therefore, the interface between the walls is arranged simply end-to-end with filling the seam with mounting foam or, as in the first case, between the bars.

Features of the construction of roofs

Thus, the extension of a veranda to a wooden house or a more permanent structure is usually carried out without rigidly fixing the walls. The same rule should be observed when assembling the roof. The roof of the extension can be of any shape, but most often the usual shed construction is erected.

At the first stage, the ceiling is hemmed from edged boards or plywood. Further, any vapor or waterproofing material is laid on top of it. Then - a heater. After that, the resulting overlap is sheathed with a board from above.

The rafters are attached on one side to the upper trim or Mauerlat. In this case, metal corners or fastening "in a knot" with a preliminary cutting of the landing nests are used. From the side of the house on the strapping, you can either simply put a wide beam on the edge, or install it on racks. A waterproofing material (with a slight sag) is stretched onto the rafters and the crate is stuffed. Then the roofing sheets are attached. The joint between the roof of the extension and the wall of the building can be sealed with mastic or foamed.

• The junction of the foundation of the extension and the foundation of the house, in the event that they are not rigidly fastened, should be laid with a strip of roofing material.
• All wooden elements of the building are pre-treated with an antiseptic against fungus and a composition that increases the fire resistance of the material.
• A cobbled extension is best erected in the cold season. In winter, this material shrinks less.
• When assembling an extension of any type, it is worth using only galvanized fasteners. This will extend the life of the entire structure.

Building extensions, as you can see from the article, is a completely simple matter. The most important thing is to comply with all the required technologies. In this case, a reliable, durable and convenient structure will be obtained.

Do-it-yourself extension to the house without first obtaining permits is an illegal increase in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe dwelling. It cannot be legitimized in fact if it violates the interests of neighbors, is built from materials that do not meet the norms of SNiP, and is located near underground utilities. The optimal solution is the design before the start of work with preliminary design by specialists.

An extension to the house is an excellent solution for expanding free space in a country dwelling of any type. It is important that all construction work can be done independently.

Of course, this will require certain construction skills and knowledge of work technologies, but there is nothing particularly difficult about it. The help of specialists may be required at the design stage of the structure, as well as when supplying communications inside the structure. In addition, certain problems often arise when legalizing an extension in the regulatory authorities.

The attachment can perform a variety of functions.

Most often, an extension is erected to form an additional room, a summer kitchen, a garage, a veranda, a terrace, a canopy, a porch. There are a huge number of options - everything will depend on personal requirements and wishes. Of course, it will be very difficult to build something from a technological point of view, but often all construction is done by hand.

The main thing here is to correctly build the foundation, walls, roof, insulate and isolate the room from moisture, and also correctly attach the new foundation to the old one.

Types of extensions for country houses

Before starting any construction work, it is necessary to clearly determine the type of construction, because it is possible to make an extension to the house only if there is a clear plan and project. There are several most common types of extensions in our country:

canopy

This is the simplest and least expensive extension for a country house from all points of view. The main functional task of such a design is to protect people and things located under a canopy from sunlight, rain and other precipitation. Under such a canopy it will be good to relax in the warm season and dine, or you can park the car.

Canopy for a car.

An important advantage of the canopy device is that the construction of a foundation is not required, because the supporting pillars (made of metal, wood, concrete) will act as the base. The canopy frame is attached to these supports.

summer room

To form a summer room, more capital construction will be required than in the case of a canopy. Such premises are intended for relaxation in the warm season, gatherings, reading books, etc. Naturally, a foundation device is required.

It is recommended to use a columnar or strip base, depending on the type of building material and the dimensions of the room. To create walls, boards, foam concrete blocks, frame shields are usually used. For better illumination, the walls and roof, in whole or in part, can be made of glass.

Summer room.

Such an extension usually has a shed or gable roof. Roofing material is recommended to use the lightest. Installation of heat-insulating materials, as a rule, is not carried out, because such premises are not used during the cold season.

Living room

Before you attach a room to the house, you must perform all the required calculations and draw up a project. In this case, a thorough approach will be required, which involves the construction of a foundation, the capital construction of walls and roofs, the installation of waterproofing and heat-insulating materials, and the supply of all necessary communications.

Warm living room.

Particular attention is paid to the insulation of the premises, so that one could live here even in winter, without spending a lot of energy on heating.

Kitchen

As a rule, extensions are not intended for kitchen equipment. Such a structure should be capital, so it needs to be insulated as efficiently as possible.

Wooden kitchen.

It is possible to build such an extension correctly only using a high-quality project created by professionals, because the kitchen needs all communications: sewerage, water supply, electricity, gas, ventilation system. This, of course, leads to serious financial costs, which not everyone is ready for.

Garage

Using an extension to build a garage is a very common trend in recent years. A garage will require the construction of a strip or monolithic foundation, and foam concrete blocks or bricks are usually used to build walls.

Two garages.

The roof, in most cases, is made of profiled sheet or metal tiles, slate or roofing material. Mandatory communications for the garage - ventilation system and heating.

Connecting an extension to a country house

Many people choose for a long time where to attach a new room to their house, so that it is easier to connect it to the main building. There are two options to choose from here:

• Independent building. In the event that difficult ground conditions are observed on the ground (for example, heaving soils or a high level), then it is recommended to build an independent structure that will not be connected to the main house in any way. In this case, the extension and the main structure do not have points of contact, so they do not depend on each other. At the same time, the minimum possible distance is observed between the two buildings, which is a technological gap that must be filled with heat-insulating and waterproofing materials.
• The introduction of an extension to the design of the old building. Such a decision implies a certain laboriousness, because the construction will involve the observance of all the necessary technologies and a lot of calculations and research. First of all, it will be necessary to properly build and insulate the foundation, which must be correctly connected to the base of the country house. This is usually done with reinforced rods. According to approximately the same technology, the walls and roof of structures are connected.

Features of the construction of the roof for an extension to the house

The roof of the extension to the house can have any shape - here again everything will depend on the requirements and wishes of the owners. Along with this, most often suburban homeowners choose shed roofbecause it is easy to perform, it is easy to insulate it on your own, it goes well with other types of roofs that the main structure may have, and also removes precipitation well, not allowing the entire structure to experience additional loads.

In order for precipitation from the roof of the extension to drain in normal mode, the design of the roof implies a roof slope of 20 degrees or more.

In addition, special attention must be paid to the institution of the roof of the annex under the roof of a country house. If everything is done correctly, the wall located between the extension and the country house will be protected from water ingress through the joint between the two structures. In addition, the roof of the extension should be extremely harmoniously combined with the roofing material of the main building and harmoniously fit into the exterior of the building, without standing out from the general background.

In the design process, it is very important to correctly calculate the load that the roof structure will give. Consideration should be given to the weight of rafters, roofing material and other structural elementsused in the construction of the roof.

It is important to understand that an extension to a house on screw piles or pillars is not designed for too heavy loads, unlike a monolithic or strip concrete foundation. You also need to insulate the roof (you can insulate using any suitable heat-insulating materials, which are recommended to be covered with waterproofing from above).

How to legalize construction?

Building an extension to an old or new country house is half the battle. Any additional premises erected on the land plot must be documented and permission to carry out construction work must be obtained from the regulatory authorities.

Do-it-yourself extension to the house can be done in any way - no one will force you to invite builders, however, the suburban homeowner must submit to the employees of the regulatory services a well-designed building project.

The procedure for processing all documentation for an extension to an old country house usually takes from several months to a year.

An interesting point is that you can start collecting documents and obtaining a building permit after all the work has been completed. This is permitted by applicable law.

At the same time, when reviewing documents, employees of the regulatory authority may have some claims that will have to be corrected without fail (for example, the location of the building relative to underground utilities or the use of unsuitable building materials).

Consider buildings to the house and not extensions

Pergola - the simplest structure and a great place to relax.

Barbecue is a great place for receiving guests and holidays.

Quite often it happens that the construction of a private house was carried out without the construction of outbuildings, but then the need for them arose. Modern house designs often assume only the utilitarian function of the house - people will live there. And what, that a person will also conduct some kind of economic activity - no. In addition, sometimes there is an urgent need to increase the living area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house. An extension made of foam blocks, a brick extension, a wooden one - the creation of these structures will help solve this issue once and for all.

Extension types

The type of buildings is determined depending on what exactly should be in it. It can be a room, a toilet, a garage, a kitchen, and anything. By the way, in central Russia you can often find a building in the form of a greenhouse in which you can grow fruits and vegetables even in winter.

Scheme of the device of the garage-extension

Indeed, in this case, all the necessary engineering communications can be easily extended from the house. Of course, the construction of the structure must be agreed upon, even if we are talking about wooden terraces or simply attaching a veranda to the house.

Creating a project and choosing the location of the extension

Projects and construction of such structures involve the following stages:

As for the choice of materials, it is better to be guided by the following rule: it is necessary to create projects and build an extension from such materials as the house itself consists of.

Sectional view of a frame house

For example, if it is necessary to attach terraces to a wooden house, then it is better to let it be wooden. Of course, this rule is not always possible to comply with.

Suppose a person wants to breed chickens, he needs a high-quality, windproof, warm brick outbuilding. In this case, this option should be preferred, despite the fact that the house is wooden.

Options for the location of extensions to a standard wooden house

Estimation calculation

Actually, the estimate itself is not so difficult to draw up, it is necessary to take into account the following:

An example of a veranda attached to a wooden house

An estimate for construction should be drawn up immediately after the projects are ready, regardless of whether the terraces will be attached or just wooden utility blocks. This will help you avoid unpleasant surprises in the future.

Foundation erection and foundation connection

In Russia, baths are often attached to wooden houses

Even the construction of an ordinary terrace for a wooden house involves the creation of a new foundation for it. The option of extending the old foundation disappears immediately: it is impossible to do this, but to combine both foundations into a single whole later is not only possible, but also necessary.

For example, even under wooden terraces, you will need to make exactly the same foundation as the main house. So, first you need to decide on the type of foundation itself.

General scheme of the device of the pediment of a frame house

Actually, there are 3 foundation options that can be used as a base for an extension:

1. Monolithic;
2. Columnar;
3. Tape.

The columnar foundation is used extremely rarely in Russia, since it can only be installed on very hard soils such as mountainous ones.

It can be used, for example, to build a gazebo, but such structures are usually not attached to the house, but placed next to it. By the way, instead of a foundation, you can take old tires for a gazebo - this will be quite enough.

Scheme of laying an extension from foam blocks

For capital buildings and garages, reliable and durable foundation structures are needed. Mainly prefabricated and monolithic tapes or a monolithic slab. When using poles and screw piles, it is mandatory to tie with a grillage, and to protect the space under the floor, pick up from the cladding with basement siding with insulation from basalt mineral wool or other similar heaters. On the top of the foundation, horizontal waterproofing is required from rolled waterproofing materials (stekloizol, hydroizol, rubemast or roofing material).

A good option is a frame extension to the house. The frame is constructed from wooden blocks filled with insulation (for example, mineral wool boards) and lined with thick moisture-resistant plywood, OSB boards or other materials. The attached building can be made with window openings. The doorway is more convenient internal, which allows passage to the attached part without going outside. But it is also possible to enter the device directly from the street.

The roof is most often arranged single-pitched. It is important to ensure that snow does not accumulate at the junction, so the roof is made with a slope angle of ≥ 25 degrees. The canopy is most often covered with sheets of monolithic polycarbonate or ondulin.

The floor, depending on the purpose of the room, can be concrete (mainly in garages, workshops and pantries), wooden, lined with porcelain stoneware or tiles. Often arranged "warm floors".

The walls of the garage are recommended to be built from non-combustible products (brick, concrete or lightweight concrete blocks) with overlapping with reinforced concrete slabs or corrugated board. Be sure to provide a number of ventilation holes.

How to make an adjoining extension to the house

The connection of an existing building with an extension is one of the most crucial moments of construction. If construction technologies are not observed, cracks will inevitably form in the junctions with opening up to large cracks. This is caused by the difference in the existing loads and the complete absence or slowdown of the settlement of the foundation of the old house.

Attachment of the attached part is carried out in the following two options:

1. With an expansion joint without direct contact between foundations, walls and roofs. It is recommended in the presence of problem soils (peat or clay). A gap is provided between the constructs, which is later filled with elastic heat and waterproofing materials. It is permissible to lay a board treated with several layers of bituminous mastic. The resulting seam is closed with decorative inserts. Be sure to eliminate the possibility of the formation of "snow bags" on the roof at the interface.
2. Inclusion of all constructs in joint work. The new foundation is arranged with occurrence at the same depth as the existing one. It is applied at the bases from the soils which are not subject to heaving. The contacting surface of the old one is cleaned of soil, a layer of waterproofing, and a notch is made with a perforator. Reinforcing bars are tightly hammered into the drilled holes with sealing of the holes. The obtained mortgages are connected by welding with the reinforcing cage of the extension foundation, and concreting is carried out with a thorough compaction of the mixture using a deep vibrator. Brick walls are connected in the same way. The rods are placed every two rows in the seams of the new masonry. Wooden structures are tightened with steel bolts or studs with double-sided thread, complete with wide washers, nuts and locknuts. To pair the roof, it will be necessary to remove part of the roofing and jointly fasten the rafters and beams of the house and the extension with the addition of new additional nodes and racks. In some cases, it may be necessary to build a common truss system or replace elements of greater length.

The second option is more complex, laborious and costly, although it cannot be guaranteed that the joint of the joints will not disperse over time.

Depending on the design, materials of the existing house and the purpose of the attached premises, the foundation type, material and thickness of the walls, the truss system and roofing materials for the new building are selected.

Before deciding how to build an extension, it is necessary to foresee all the possible nuances of future construction and to ensure that you protect yourself from possible administrative sanctions.

Advantages of an extension compared to a freestanding building

• Reducing the scope of work on the supply of engineering communications (electricity, water supply, heating, sewerage, ventilation).
• Less material consumption and cost of construction, since at least one existing wall is used.
• Rational use of the territory without cluttering with additional buildings.
• Additional insulation that prevents the penetration of cold air directly into the house with a decrease in heat loss.

Planning a future extension to the house requires a fairly thorough preparation and at least an approximate calculation of the parameters of the foundation, walls, and roof. It will be necessary to resolve the issues of selecting material and, of course, you need to understand the question of how to legalize an extension to the house. Without legal registration of a new housing construction plan, an extension will be considered a self-construction and, according to all laws, is subject to demolition.

How to start planning an extension

Any option for an extension to the house is based on four main documents, on which the future fate of the building will depend:

• building permits;
• A project of a new building with a detailed specification of the implementation of the most important nodes, for example, an adjoining scheme to the main building or a foundation device;
• The layout of the extension on the site plan, with marked distances between individual buildings;
• Construction estimate.

Often the construction of an extension to the house is just a small cosmetic extension of an existing veranda, porch area or outdoor terrace. Both elements already appear in the original project of a private house, so its owners believe that nothing needs to be changed in the documents. The external dimensions of the house with an attached premises do not change, the distances between objects according to sanitary and fire safety standards remain the same, so it makes no sense to bother with bureaucratic procedures for re-registering a capital structure.

Similar logic can still be understood if we are talking about a country shield house, a wooden dacha or any other building erected without a foundation or falling under the definitions of a temporary one. If we are talking about the construction of capital-type structures, the arrangement of an extension always entails certain consequences.

Note! Refusal of registration, except for a fine or forced dismantling of a building, is primarily an investment "in the air" with the risk of losing everything.

A professionally designed and built extension to the house, photo, can increase the capitalization of the object from 30 to 60%. The situation is quite common for modern brick buildings erected on the slope of a hill or mountain. Instead of a porch on piles, an extension to the brick house is being completed, which allows increasing the living space by 40-50%.

Properly executed documents will allow, for example, to increase the amount of collateral in the bank or simply sell the building at its real price. Whereas an illegal extension to the house will only create problems.

Registration of an extension, we understand the details

In order to correctly assess the possible amount of bureaucratic red tape, it is necessary to draw up the following description as detailed as possible, if possible in detail:

• Determine the purpose of the future building, its size and location relative to the house;
• Make sketches, you can even draw by hand, but with the obligatory observance of the generally accepted rules for paperwork, it is best to use ready-made projects for extensions to the house;
• Make a separate document detailing the construction of the foundation or foundation, walls and roof of the extension.

All of the above will be required in order to correctly classify buildings. Any options for an extension to the house, photos are either classified as capital buildings or non-capital buildings.

The paperwork scheme depends on how the employees of the city inventory bureau classify the structure.

Papers for non-capital construction

The question of correct classification is not as obvious as it might seem at first glance. Non-capital extensions include:

• Stairs and porches at the new entrance to the house;
• Sheds, terraces, verandas, balconies;
• Auxiliary and temporary extensions, if they do not affect communications or load-bearing structures of the capital structure.

Some experts and some lawyers define a non-capital extension as a structure without a foundation, but it would be wrong to follow such a rule in all situations, since there are a huge number of by-laws and clarifications to the norms of the Urban Planning Code, plus numerous court decisions that contain provisions that contradict each other. Therefore, before legalizing an extension to a private house, it will be useful to get acquainted with at least some of the regulatory documents.

To design such an extension to the house, do the following:

• Order a drawing for an extension and make a technically competent description of the design;
• Write an application to the Bureau of Technical Inventory to amend the passport of a capital building, that is, a house with an extension;
• Wait for the inspection of the erected structure of the extension to the house;
• Make changes to the design of the house.

As a rule, there are no problems with registering a non-capital extension to the house, but even if an official refusal is received, registration can be done by a court decision.

Registration of an extension of a capital type

Most of the brick, stone or metal-framed outbuildings are considered capital by law. One of the arguments used by experts in substantiating their decision is the presence of a foundation in any of its forms. Therefore, when planning a full-fledged extension to the house, the owners show miracles of ingenuity, which is worth building a structure with a cantilever or balcony type of attachment to the walls of the main house.

According to the law, a capital extension will require a building permit from the regional department of architecture and capital construction.

Documents to be submitted:

• Application with a photocopy of the passport;
• Registration certificate for the house and the attached site plan;
• The project of the future extension with a short explanatory note.

Upon a positive decision, the owner is issued a written permit for the construction of the structure, subject to the design and registration of the structure in the state register.

After the extension to the house is completed, it will be necessary to go through all the bureaucratic procedures at the BTI, where they may be forced to make an additional examination for the compliance of individual nodes with the norms of SNiP and GOST. After entering into the technical documentation for the house, the changes are registered in the state register of capital construction and real estate.

Of course, you can put up a building without all this bureaucracy, but as practice shows, it’s cheaper to register an attached room.

How to plan an extension to your house

The second headache of any process of building an extension is the inadequacy of the box of the main housing building. Only in 1 out of 100 cases, when drawing up a house project, the future owner is wise enough to provide for the possibility of expanding the main structure of the building due to one or two extensions. The most common problems are the imperfection of the foundation system or claims from neighbors.

What to do with the foundation

The simplest situation is when a full-fledged two-meter strip foundation is laid under the main building. In this case, under the attached premises, it is possible to use a shallow type of strip foundation without any special fears. If the height of the extension is higher than one floor, then the foundation will have to be deepened to the freezing level, the upper armo-belt must be tied up with the floor slab of the main building.

The most reliable and durable extension to the house is made on the same foundation with a brick box of the house. For example, you can use the foundation area occupied by an open veranda. To reduce the pressure on the corner sector of the foundation, the extension box is partially supported on the foundation of the veranda, and most of the weight is transferred to piles driven at a distance of at least 60 cm from the blind area line.

If the house stands on a shallow or pile foundation, then the simplest solution to the problem is to use a slab foundation. The foundation slab for the building is poured over an area 2 times larger than the dimensions of the annex itself. At first glance, it looks like a waste, but in fact this is just a way to reduce the impact on the foundation of the house and make a reserve for the future. In all other cases, experts recommend placing the building on a pile foundation without rigid binding to the supporting structures of the house.

Wall and roof materials

For the arrangement of the extension box, three types of materials are most often used:

• Gas silicate blocks or foam concrete on a strip foundation;
• Wooden or metal frame structures on a pile foundation;
• Hollow ceramic brick on a slab foundation.

In principle, it is possible to build an extension from any material, even from rubble or concrete blocks, but in practice, they strive to make the attached premises as light as possible so as not to break the foundation, so even brick buildings are already a rarity today.

Most often, the box is erected from foam concrete blocks, they are light, relatively easy to lay walls and are cheaper than bricks. Due to the excellent heat and sound insulating characteristics, the building can be made with huge windows or even a whole wall of glass.

The second most popular is the frame system. The use of a profiled pipe and a steel profile allows you to assemble an openwork glass extension on two floors. The weight of such a structure will only be slightly more than a wooden frame, so a particularly powerful foundation for the building will not be required. The only condition for the construction of a metal-frame extension will be the correct placement of the structure relative to the foundation of the house. The best option is the inner corner of the facade, which provides maximum rigidity of the foundation and stability of the walls.

Traditionally, an attached room to the house is preferred to be installed on the corner of the main building. This part of the foundation of a brick or block house has the highest rigidity and stability, which in turn has a beneficial effect on the attached box itself.

If an additional room is built from wood concrete or aerated concrete, while the place for the foundation is in the center of the main building, in this case it is necessary to take measures to increase the stability of the attached box by all available means.

As such, there may be an additional brick wall or a rebuilt common roof.

The exception is frame structures made of timber, as a rule, a box made of boards and timber has sufficient rigidity and relatively low weight, so it can be attached anywhere in the house, without regard to the foundation.

Conclusion

When choosing a plan or project for a small room, it is necessary to take into account possible problems from the neighbors. Oddly enough, according to statistics, the majority of court decisions on the forced demolition of extensions in the private sector are based on complaints and claims against neighboring houses. Therefore, it is not enough to plan the foundation and start construction, it is also necessary to provide the building with permits in case of a possible conflict.

By purpose, all extensions to the house are divided into:

• living room;
• garage;
• terrace;
• summer kitchen;
• porch.

According to the type of material used, extensions are:

• frame;
• brick;
• from foam blocks;
• from a bar.

At the first stage of preparation for construction, it is necessary to decide whether the construction of a capital building is planned or not. The device of a canopy or terrace is quite possible without a project that is carried out by a specialized organization; a plan or diagram may be enough. The construction of a living room or a garage is best done using a ready-made project for an extension to a wooden house, specially designed or tied to specific conditions. Savings at this stage, as a rule, turn into additional much higher costs during construction.

Capital buildings

Room framing project

Advantages of using a frame structure:

• construction speed;
• no settlement of the structure at the first stages of operation;
• a small load on the foundation, and as a result, insignificant requirements for it;
• excellent compatibility with the wooden structures of the main private house.

The frame structure is especially suitable in the case of the construction of a two-story extension to a country house, since it is much lighter than other types of structures.

Foam block extension project

An extension of foam blocks is one of the most common options, as it simultaneously combines the relative cheapness of work and their simplicity. In addition, these are not all the advantages of using this technology.

Advantages:

• construction speed;
• durability of the structure (at least 50 years);
• a small load on the foundation (a foundation on pillars is enough instead of a tape one);
• structural strength;
• simplicity of construction technology;
• the ability of the material to "breathe".

Flaw:

• the need for exterior decoration of the facade due to the unattractive appearance of the blocks.

timber extension project

Structurally and technologically, everything that was said about frame extensions can also be attributed to timber structures. In fact, the combined version is most often used.

The main points when building an extension from a bar:

• the foundation for it should be similar to the foundation for the main building and connected to it;
• it is possible to use a more economical pile foundation, of course, in the case of a design calculation;

• it is necessary to create an expansion joint between the house and the extension, which will prevent damage to the walls during shrinkage of the new structure;

• the technology for erecting the structure of the walls and roof of the extension is similar to the technology for building a house.

Non-capital buildings

Polycarbonate Veranda

The established opinion that the veranda is a warehouse for storing unnecessary things (tools, bicycles, skis and other junk) is fundamentally wrong. In fact, this is a great opportunity to create a comfortable and beautiful recreation area. Especially if you use modern designs and materials for this.

Key points in the construction of the veranda:

• they can have almost any configuration - a rectangle, a square, a semicircle with a roof in the form of an arch;

• the lightness of the design allows its construction on a minimal foundation, for example, a strip foundation with a depth and width of only 30 cm on a sand cushion 20 cm thick;

• it is advisable to build a small base to which the frame structures are attached;
• polycarbonate itself, due to the properties of the material, is easily cut and mounted on an already assembled frame.

canopy

A canopy is constructed, as a rule, in order to protect any used space from precipitation. Thus, it is possible to equip almost the entire territory adjacent to the house for a summer dining room, playgrounds and much more.

The design of the canopy usually consists of:

• pillars dug to a depth of about 0.5 meters and filled with concrete;
• horizontal beams, and one of them must be attached to the wall of the house;

• rafters and battens on them;
• roofing material.

The existing variety of materials and various structural elements allows you to create a variety of combinations in the construction of canopies. But most often, when building an extension to a wooden house, wood and metal tiles are used.

Such projects are used to increase living space, improve the appearance and expand the basic functionality of the building. At the same time, it is extremely important to study carefully what a high-quality extension to a wooden house is. Projects should be designed taking into account the complexity of their implementation. To do this, you will have to familiarize yourself with the features of building technologies. With the help of this article, making the right decision will be much easier. Go!

Read in the article

Extension to the house: options, photos of successful projects, formulation of general requirements

This photo clearly explains the conventionality of the name. A large extension to a wooden house can significantly improve the original technical and aesthetic characteristics. The main thing is that there are enough sizes for large-scale plans. Of course, we must not forget about the financial and time components of the project.

It should be remembered! It is better to complete the construction of such structures in one warm season. Otherwise, there will be additional costs for winter conservation. Accurate planning will help save money in several stages. In particular, bulk purchases of the necessary basic and finishing materials will be useful.

To build an extension to your own hands, you need to realistically assess your own strengths. The most complex work operations can be entrusted to specialized specialists. But even in this case, your own knowledge will be useful for careful control of the performers.

Note! It is better to hire highly qualified professionals. Slave labor was abolished, among other reasons, due to insufficient efficiency. The involvement of relatives and other dubious assistants may be supplemented by unforeseen additional costs of materials, time and money.

In any case, the target task should be correctly formulated in order to accurately create a set of design documentation. The projects of extensions to the house discussed below will help you make the right decision. In a detailed study, pay attention to the important nuances for yourself. Remember that these examples can be used in various combinations to successfully meet individual needs.

A universal solution to various problems with the extension of a veranda to a wooden house

This standard definition allows a precise grouping of different architectural structures. In this case, we are talking about a relatively light construction. Protection of an extension to a wooden house from adverse external influences is designed for the summer season. It does not provide full insulation. However, rain drops and wind penetration are prevented.

How to make an extension of the garage to the house: features of technical premises

Appropriate layers are best placed outside. This prevents the dew point from moving towards the room, prevents moisture from penetrating into the walls. In such places it is better to use foamed polymer plates, which do not need to be additionally protected from water.

The following table provides data that will help you make the correct calculation, taking into account the temperature conditions in a particular region:

Use this information when choosing materials. The final cost of the project depends on many factors. Sometimes it is more profitable to make a large initial investment, but reduce operating costs.

Important! The above examples can be applied in practice if a rigid connection of the foundations is provided. Otherwise, the roof of the extension to the wooden house is made independent of the main structure.

Do-it-yourself construction of an extension to the house: step-by-step instructions with important notes

A photo	How to attach an extension to the house. Main stages of work with comments
	The basis of the project is an old house with a slate roof. The entrance part consisted of a "waiting room", which had dubious aesthetic and insufficient insulating characteristics.
	After inspecting the object, it was decided to build an extension to the wooden house using frame technology. For this lightweight one-story structure, the load capacity of the strip foundation is enough.
	In accordance with the plan, they dig a trench, install	After pouring the building mixture, protruding parts (M12) should remain on the surface. They are useful for a rigid connection with the walls of an extension to a wooden house.
	it is better to do it all at once in order to obtain a uniform structure of the support without seams and internal defects. At the junction with the house, a layer of waterproofing from a roofing material sheet was installed.
	After the mixture has completely solidified, the formwork is carefully removed. The exact time depends on the external temperature conditions, the percentage and parameters of the components.
	Please note that at the stage of preparation for pouring, special pipes are installed for the subsequent laying of electrical cables, plumbing, and other engineering networks. In this project, holes were made in all the walls of the foundation for the space under the wooden floor.
	Not only the contour is concreted, but also separate sites for the installation of supports, a fireplace, and other heavy equipment. Apply a similar technology with reinforcement.
	Support boards are installed through a layer of roofing material on a strip foundation. Their reliable fixation is provided by anchors. Next - mount the ribs of the transverse lags.
	Sewer pipes and other engineering networks are installed under the floor level until free access is blocked to this space.
	Install flooring. In this project, the author used a thick moisture resistant. It turned out a solid, even base. Mineral wool is installed between the lags, which is protected from water penetration by a film on both sides.
	The frame of the walls is successively installed. Temporary supports are used to maintain the vertical position of these elements.
	Here, the walls are installed on all sides, which creates a closed loop of a full-fledged living space.
	At the next stage, the truss structure is installed. The photo shows that the author delayed the implementation of the project, so the installation had to be postponed for the winter. In this case, we are talking only about unfavorable conditions for performing work operations. "Wet" technological processes were completed on time, in the warm season.
	Install the roof structure from ondulin, with a layer of waterproofing. Mineral wool mats are inserted into the cells of the walls, covered with foil. Outside, vinyl siding is fixed. Inside - lining. Install windows and doors. Finishing decorative finishing is done at your own discretion.

Here it is told about how to make an extension to the house using a frame structure. When using other technologies, the appropriate instructions must be used. Do not forget to make the necessary changes when increasing the loads on the foundation.

The choice of the construction team and the secrets of strict control

For a better orientation in this segment of the service market, below are extensions to a wooden house with prices and general characteristics:

If you are offered to build an extension to the house inexpensively, check carefully the list of materials and work. To check, use your own list of mandatory activities, which can be compiled based on the materials in this article. Specify the cost of delivery, installation, finishing, garbage disposal. This approach will eliminate unpleasant surprises. You need to study the text of the contract in advance. If you have any questions, please consult with an experienced lawyer.

Successful examples of extensions to the house: verandas and terraces, photos and comments

A thorough overall analysis of the situation will help you make the right decision. Eliminate errors based on the incorrect statement "Money is everything!". The real benefits are received by the person who makes his “little gray cells” work.

Even in the absence of funding problems, thematic knowledge will be useful. They will help:

• choose the right project;
• formulate terms of reference;
• find the best basic and finishing materials;
• supervise work;
• justify the need to correct deficiencies.

The information in this article will be useful for performing individual operations or the entire project on your own. Within the framework of one publication, it is impossible to foresee all the problems that are encountered in practice. Ask additional questions in the comments. Communicate with like-minded people, experienced craftsmen and authors of implemented ideas. This will simplify the construction of a high-quality extension to a wooden house.