GOST 23120-78

Group Zh34

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF THE SSR

STAIRCASES, PLATFORM AND STEEL FENCES

Specifications

Steel flights of steps, stair landings and railings.

Specifications

Introduction date 1979-01-01

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED the Order of the Red Banner of Labor by the Central Research and Design Institute of Building Metal Structures (TsNIIprojectstalkonstruktsiya) of the USSR State Construction Committee

All-Union Scientific Research and Design and Technology Institute (VNIKTIstalkonstruktsiya) of the USSR MinmontazhSpetsstroy

All-Union State Design Institute for the Industrialization of Installation Works (Gipromontazhindustriya) of the USSR Ministry of Installation and Special Construction

DEVELOPERS

V.M. Laptev (theme leader), L.A. Peskova, S.I. Bochkova, A.F. Gai, L.M. Dudilovsky, B.A. Shtepa

2. APPROVED AND PUT INTO EFFECT by the Decree of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Construction of April 28, 1978 No. 71

3. INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

4. REFERENCE REGULATIONS AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

5. REPUBLICATION. May 1992

6. Decree of the USSR State Committee for Construction Affairs No. 354 dated February 29, 1984 lifted the limitation on the validity period

This standard applies to steel mid-flight stairs, platforms and railings for them, used in industrial buildings and structures erected and operated in areas with a design temperature of minus 65 ° C and above.

The standard establishes technical requirements for mid-flight stairs with an inclination angle of 45 and 60 °, rectangular transitional platforms and railings for them, made of cold-formed and hot-rolled profiles and designed for standard live loads of 200, 300 and 400.

Mid-flight stairs, platforms and railings for them must meet all the requirements of GOST 23118 and the requirements set forth in the relevant sections of this standard.

1. Main parameters and dimensions

1.1. The main parameters and dimensions of flights of stairs, rectangular platforms and fences for them must correspond to those indicated in Fig. 1-4 and in Table 1-4.

An example of a symbol for the brand of a flight of stairs (ML) from a cold-formed profile (X) with stamped steps (Ш), at an angle of 45 ° and dimensions of 6 dm and 8 dm:

MLKhSh45-6.8 GOST 23120-78

The same, platforms (PM) from a cold-formed profile with corrugated flooring (Ф) and dimensions = 9 dm and 6 dm:

PMHF-9.6 GOST 23120-78

The same, the left railing (OGl) of the flight of stairs from a cold-formed profile without a side element, at an angle of 45 ° and dimensions = 10 dm and 24 dm;

OGlMLH45-10.24 GOST 23120-78

The same, right guard (OGp) with onboard element (Eb):

OGpMLKhEb45-10.24 GOST 23120-78

The same, platform fencing made of a cold-formed profile with a side element and dimensions = 10 dm and = 9 dm:

OGPMKhEb-10.9 GOST 23120-78

Flight of stairs

1 - kosour; 2 - step; 3 - support bar; 4 - reference corner; 5 - rib

Damn.1

Venues

1 - beam; 2 - edging element; 3 - flooring; 4 - rib

Damn.2

___________________

* According to KMD drawings.

1.2. Depending on the operating conditions, the steps of mid-flight stairs and the decking of rectangular platforms should be made of two types:

1 - solid corrugated steel (F);

2 - lattice, executions:

Ш - from stamped elements;

R - from strips on the edge and round steel;

C - from stripes to an edge in one direction;

B - from expanded steel.

1.3. The types of steps of mid-flight stairs and decking in rectangular areas are shown in Figure 5.

1.4. The layout diagrams of mid-flight stairs, platforms and fences are given in the appendix.

Table 1

Dimensions in mm

table 2

mm

2. Technical requirements

2.1. The structures of flights of stairs, platforms and railings for them (hereinafter referred to as structures) should be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard, SNiP III-18 according to working drawings of KMD approved in the prescribed manner.

2.2. Structures should be made of carbon steel of class C38 / 23 of the following grades in accordance with GOST 380:

St3kp - for construction areas with an estimated outdoor temperature of minus 40 ° C and above;

St3Gps - the same, with an estimated outdoor air temperature below minus 40 to minus 65 ° C inclusive.

2.3. Limit deviations of the linear dimensions of structures from the nominal ones, deviations of the shape and location of surfaces from the design ones are given in Table 5.

Stair railing

1 - rack; 2 - handrail, 3 - middle enclosing element; 4 - side element

Damn.3

___________________

* According to KMD drawings.

Site fencing

Damn.4

___________________

* According to KMD drawings.

Table 3

Dimensions in mm

2.4. Welded connections of the elements must be performed in a mechanized way. It is allowed, in the absence of equipment for welding by mechanized methods, the use of manual welding.

2.5. Materials for welding should be taken in accordance with SNiP II-B.3.

Table 4

mm

Types of steps of mid-flight stairs and platform decks

Type 1. Solid (F)

Type 2. Latticed

Version W Version R

Version C Version B

Damn.5

2.6. For bolted connections, bolts of normal accuracy in accordance with GOST 7798 and in accordance with SNiP II-B.3 should be used.

2.7. Structures must be primed and painted. Priming and painting must comply with the V class of coverage in accordance with GOST 9.032.

2.8. Factory and assembly joints of fencing elements should not have sharp protrusions and edges.

Table 5

mm

3. Completeness

3.1. The structures must be supplied by the manufacturer as a complete set.

The kit should include:

flights of stairs, platforms and fences to them;

additional details for connecting structures;

bolts, nuts and washers (supplied in quantities of 10% more than those specified in the KMD drawings);

technical documentation in accordance with the requirements of GOST 23118.

4. Acceptance rules

4.1. The design to verify their compliance with the requirements of this standard shall be accepted by the technical control of the manufacturer.

4.2. The control of deviations of the linear dimensions of structures (including the dimensions of sections of rolled profiles) from the nominal ones, deviations of the shape and location of the surfaces of parts from the design ones, the quality of welded joints and surface preparation for protective coatings should be carried out before priming the structures.

4.3. Acceptance of structures must be carried out in batches. The composition of the batch includes the same type of construction, made according to the same technology, from materials of the same quality.

The batch size is established by agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer.

4.4. During selective acceptance control, the designs selected from the batch in the amount of 3 pcs. must be subjected to piece-by-piece control for compliance with the requirements established by this standard.

4.5. If during the inspection of the selected designs there is at least one design that does not comply with the requirements of this standard, a double number of designs should be selected from the same lot and re-verified. If, upon re-checking, there is at least one design that does not meet the requirements of this standard in one of the indicators, then this batch is rejected and sent for revision.

4.6. The consumer has the right to accept the structures, while applying the acceptance rules and control methods established by this standard.

5. Control methods

5.1. The control of deviations of the linear dimensions of structures from the nominal ones, deviations of the shape and location of surfaces from the design ones should be carried out by universal methods and means.

5.2. The quality control of the seams of welded joints and the dimensions of their sections should be carried out in accordance with SNiP III-18.

6. Marking, packaging, transportation and storage

6.1. Fabricated designs must be marked.

6.2. Structures of flights of stairs and landings must be transported element by element or in packages consisting of several elements. Fencing structures should only be transported in packages.

6.3. The method of connecting structural elements into packages should exclude their mutual displacement and damage during transportation and storage.

6.4. A tag is attached to each package or to the structure, on which the following markings should be applied:

Order number;

number of the KMD drawing according to which the structure is made.

6.5. Each structural element must be marked with a symbol of the element brand (without a standard designation, see clause 1.1).

6.6. Markings should be applied with indelible paint on the wall of the stringer of the flight of stairs on the right side along the ascent, on the wall of the landing beam and on the upper edge of the railing.

6.7. Structural fittings must be supplied with the structures. By agreement with the customer, it is allowed to supply connecting parts separately from the structures, in which case they must be packed in wooden boxes in accordance with GOST 2991.

6.8. The mass of the package should not exceed 3 tons.

6.9. Structures should be transported and stored in stacks in a horizontal position supported by wooden linings and pads. Linings must be at least 50 mm thick and at least 100 mm wide. Gaskets must be at least 20 mm thick and at least 100 mm wide.

The height of the stack should be no more than 1.5 m - for fences and 2.0 m - for marches and platforms.

7. Installation instructions

7.1. Installation of structures must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 23118 and SNiP III-18.

7.2. Installation of structures should ensure their design position, excluding the formation of a reverse slope of steps of more than 1 °.

8. Manufacturer's Warranties

8.1. The manufacturer shall ensure that structures comply with the requirements of this standard subject to the conditions of transportation, storage and installation established by this standard.

Appendix

Reference

Layout schemes of mid-flight stairs

font size

INTER-INDUSTRIAL RULES ON LABOR SAFETY WHEN WORKING AT ALTITUDE - POT RM-012-2000 (approved by Decree of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation of 04-10-2000 68) ... Relevant in 2018

2.3. Requirements for stairs, platforms, ladders

2.3.1. For construction, installation, repair and maintenance and other work at height, ladders are used:

a) attached sliding three-legged, meeting the requirements of GOST 8556-72;

b) one-knee attached inclined, attached vertical, mounted and free-standing, corresponding to the requirements of GOST 26887-86;

c) collapsible portable (of seven sections), designed for lifting onto supports with a diameter of 300 - 560 mm to a height of up to 14 m;

d) ladders, ladders (wooden, metal).

2.3.2. On ladders, ladders, the inventory number, the date of the next test, belonging to the workshop (section, etc.) are indicated: for wooden and metal ones - on bowstrings, for rope ones - on tags attached to them.

2.3.3. The length of the ladders must be no more than 5 m.

2.3.4. Ladders and ladders are equipped with a device that prevents the possibility of shifting and overturning them during operation. At the lower ends of ladders and ladders there must be fittings with sharp tips for installation on the ground. When using ladders and stepladders on smooth supporting surfaces (parquet, metal, tile, concrete, etc.), they must be equipped with rubber or other non-slip shoes.

2.3.5. The upper ends of ladders attached to pipes or wires are equipped with special hooks - grips that prevent the ladder from falling from wind pressure or accidental shocks.

Suspended ladders used to work on structures or wires must have devices that ensure their strong attachment to structures.

2.3.6. Install and secure ladders and platforms on the mounted structures before they are lifted. The dimensions of the ladder must allow the worker to work in a standing position on a step located at a distance of at least 1 m from the upper end of the ladder.

2.3.7. When working from a ladder at a height of more than 1.3 m, it is necessary to use a safety belt attached to the structure of the structure or to the ladder, provided that it is fixed to the building or other structure.

2.3.8. The places of installation of ladders in the areas of movement of vehicles or organized passage of people must be fenced or guarded for the duration of the work.

2.3.9. Splicing of wooden ladders is allowed by firmly connecting them with metal clamps, bolted linings, etc. followed by a static load test of 1.2 kN (120 kgf).

Splicing more than two wooden ladders is not allowed.

2.3.10. Install additional support structures from boxes, barrels, etc. in case of insufficient length of the ladder is not allowed.

2.3.11. The slope of the stairs when climbing the scaffolding must not exceed 60 degrees.

2.3.12. Ladders without working platforms may be used only for the transition of workers between individual tiers of the building or for performing work that does not require the worker to rest on the building structures of the building.

2.3.13. Install ladders at an angle of more than 75 degrees. without additional fastening them in the upper part is not allowed.

2.3.14. Step-ladders are supplied with devices (hooks, chains) that do not allow them to move apart spontaneously while working with them. The slope of the ladders should be no more than 1:3.

2.3.15. It is not allowed to work from the two upper steps of ladders that do not have railings or stops.

2.3.16. More than one person is not allowed to be on the steps of a ladder or ladder.

2.3.17. Lifting and lowering the load on the ladder and leaving the tool on it is not allowed.

2.3.18. It is not allowed to work on portable ladders and ladders:

a) near and above rotating mechanisms, working machines, conveyors, etc.;

b) using electric and pneumatic tools, construction and assembly guns;

c) when performing gas and electric welding works;

d) when tensioning wires and for maintaining heavy parts at a height, etc.

To perform such work, scaffolding and ladders with upper platforms protected by railings should be used.

2.3.19. It is not allowed to install stairs on the steps of flights of staircases. To perform work in these conditions, scaffolds should be used.

2.3.20. Before starting work, the stability of the ladder must be ensured, and it must be ensured by inspection and testing that the ladder cannot slip or be accidentally moved.

When installing a ladder in conditions where displacement of its upper end is possible, the latter must be securely fastened to stable structures.

2.3.21. When working with a ladder in places with heavy traffic of vehicles or people, to prevent its fall from accidental shocks, regardless of the presence of tips at the ends of the ladder, its installation site should be protected or protected. In cases where it is impossible to secure the ladder when installing it on a smooth floor, a worker in a helmet should stand at its base and hold the ladder in a stable position. In other cases, it is not allowed to support the ladder below with your hands.

2.3.22. When moving the ladder by two workers, the ladder must be carried with the tips back, warning the oncoming ones to be careful. When carrying a ladder by one worker, it must be in an inclined position so that its front end is raised above the ground by at least 2 m.

2.3.23. For vertical stairs, stairs with an angle of inclination to the horizon of more than 75 degrees. at a height of more than 5 m, starting from a height of 3 m, there should be fences in the form of arcs. The arcs should be located at a distance of no more than 0.8 m from one another and connected by at least three longitudinal strips.

The distance from the stairs to the arc should be at least 0.7 m and not more than 0.8 m with an arc radius of 0.35 - 0.4 m.

2.3.24. Stairs with a height of more than 10 m must be equipped with rest areas at least every 10 m in height.

2.3.25. The use of portable metal ladders in switchgear with a voltage of 220 kV and below is not allowed.

2.3.26. In open switchgears with a voltage of 330 kV and above, the use of portable metal ladders is permitted subject to the following conditions:

a) the ladder must be carried in a horizontal position under the continuous supervision of the foreman, duty officer or employee from the operational and repair service, who has an electrical safety group of at least IV;

b) a metal chain must be attached to the ladder, constantly touching the ground.

2.3.27. Ladders with metal reinforcement along the bowstring should be considered metal and their use in electrical installations should be carried out taking into account the requirements of paragraphs. 2.3.25, 2.3.26 of the Rules.

2.3.28. Ladders and step-ladders are inspected by the manufacturer of works before use (without an entry in the journal).

2.3.29. Ladders must be stored in dry rooms in conditions that exclude their accidental mechanical damage.

2.3.30. Platforms hung on stairs or building structures must comply with the requirements of GOST 26887-86.

2.3.31. For the passage of workers performing work on the roof of a building with a slope of more than 20 degrees, as well as on a roof with a coating that is not designed for the load from the weight of workers, ladders with transverse slats are arranged to stop the legs. Ladders are fixed during work.

2.3.32. Ladders and bridges must be rigid and have fasteners that exclude the possibility of their displacement. Deflection of the flooring at the maximum design load should not be more than 20 mm.

2.3.33. With a length of ladders and bridges of more than 3 m, intermediate supports must be installed under them. The width of ladders and bridges must be at least 0.6 m.

2.3.34. Ladders and bridges must have handrails, flanges and an intermediate horizontal element. The height of the handrails must be at least 1 m, the side edges - at least 0.15 m, the distance between the posts of the handrails - no more than 2 m.

2.3.35. Communication between the tiers of scaffolding is carried out by rigidly fixed ladders.

2.3.36. It is not allowed to connect adjacent sections of lifting scaffolding with transitional decks, ladders and ladders.

2.3.37. Gangways must be made of metal or boards at least 40 mm thick. The gangway should have planks with a section of 20 x 40 mm to stop the legs every 0.3 - 0.4 m.

2.3.38. The width of the gangway must be at least 0.8 m for one-way traffic and at least 1.5 m for two-way traffic and have railings with a height of at least 1 m.

2.3.39. On the gangway, the permissible load is indicated in a conspicuous place.

2.3.40. The installation and removal of guards and protection should be carried out using a safety belt attached to a safety device or to securely installed building structures. The work must be carried out in a technological sequence that ensures the safety of the work.

Installation and removal of guards must be carried out by specially trained workers under the direct supervision of the foreman.

31. Places of passage and access to technical devices that require the rise of a worker or maintenance personnel to a height of up to 0.75 m, are equipped with steps, and to a height above 0.75 m - stairs with railings. In places where people pass over pipelines located at a height 0.25 m and higher from the surface of the earth, platform or floor, walkways should be arranged, which are equipped with railings, if the height of the pipeline is more than 0.75 m.

32. Mid-flight stairs should have a slope of no more 60 degrees (for tanks - no more than 50 degrees), the width of the stairs must be at least 0.65 m, at the ladder for carrying weights - at least 1 m. The distance between the steps in height should be no more than 0.25 m. The width of the steps should be at least 0.2 m and have an inward slope of 2 - 5 degrees.
On both sides, the steps must have side planks or side cladding with a height of at least 0.15 m, which excludes the possibility of slipping of a person's legs. Stairs must be equipped with railings 1 m high on both sides.
(Changed edition. Rev. No. 1)
33. Tunnel-type ladders must be metal with a width of at least 0.6 m and have, starting from a height of 2 m, safety arches with a radius of 0.35 - 0.4 m, fastened together by strips. The arcs are located at a distance of not more than 0.8 m from one another. The distance from the most distant point of the arc to the steps should be within 0.7 - 0.8 m.
Stairs must be equipped with intermediate platforms installed at a distance of no more than 6 m vertically from one another.
The distance between the steps of tunnel-type ladders and step-ladders should be no more than 0.35 m.
34. Work platforms and service platforms located at a height must have a flooring made of metal sheets with a surface that excludes the possibility of slipping, or boards with a thickness of at least 0.04 m, and, starting from a height of 0.75 m, a railing with a height of 1, 25 m with longitudinal strips located at a distance of not more than 0.4 m from each other, and a board with a height of at least 0.15 m, forming a gap of not more than 0.01 m with the flooring for liquid drainage.
45. In places where people cross over rows of pipelines laid on the surface of the earth, as well as over ditches and trenches, walkways with a width of at least 0.65 m with a railing at least 1 m high should be arranged.

2.3.1. During construction, installation, repair and maintenance and other work at height, ladders are used:
a) attached sliding three-legged, corresponding to the requirements of GOST 8556 - 72;
b) one-knee attached inclined, attached vertical, mounted and free-standing, corresponding to the requirements of GOST 26887-86;
c) collapsible portable (of seven sections), designed for lifting onto supports with a diameter of 300-560 mm to a height of up to 14 m;
d) ladders, ladders (wooden, metal).
2.3.2. On the stairs, ladders, the inventory number, the date of the next test, belonging to the workshop (section, etc.) are indicated:
For wooden and metal ones - on bowstrings, for rope ones - on tags attached to them.
2.3.3. The length of the ladders must be no more than 5 m.
2.3.4. Ladders and ladders are equipped with a device that prevents the possibility of shifting and overturning them during operation. At the lower ends of ladders and ladders there must be fittings with sharp tips for installation on the ground. When using ladders and stepladders on smooth supporting surfaces (parquet, metal, tile, concrete, etc.), they must be equipped with rubber or other non-slip shoes.
2.3.5. The upper ends of ladders attached to pipes or wires are equipped with special hooks - grips that prevent the ladder from falling from wind pressure or accidental shocks.
Suspended ladders used to work on structures or wires must have devices that ensure their strong attachment to structures.
2.3.6. Install and secure ladders and platforms on the mounted structures before they are lifted. The dimensions of the ladder must allow the worker to work in a standing position on a step located at a distance of at least 1 m from the upper end of the ladder.
2.3.7. When working from a ladder at a height of more than 1.3 m, it is necessary to use a safety belt attached to the structure of the structure or to the ladder, provided that it is fixed to the building or other structure.
2.3.8. The places of installation of ladders in the areas of movement of vehicles or organized passage of people must be fenced or guarded for the duration of the work.
2.3.9. Splicing of wooden ladders is allowed by firmly connecting them with metal clamps, bolted linings, etc. followed by a static load test of 1.2 kN (120 kgf).
Splicing more than two wooden ladders is not allowed.
2.3.10. Install additional support structures from boxes, barrels, etc. in case of insufficient length of the ladder is not allowed.
2.3.11. The slope of the stairs when climbing the scaffolding must not exceed 60°.
2.3.12. Ladders without working platforms may be used only for the transition of workers between individual tiers of the building or for performing work that does not require the worker to rest on the building structures of the building.
2.3.13. It is not allowed to install ladders at an angle of more than 75 ° without additional fastening them in the upper part.
2.3.14. Step-ladders are supplied with devices (hooks, chains) that do not allow them to move apart spontaneously while working with them. The slope of the ladders should be no more than 1:3.
2.3.15. It is not allowed to work from the two upper steps of ladders that do not have railings or stops.
2.3.16. More than one person is not allowed to be on the steps of a ladder or ladder.
2.3.17. Lifting and lowering the load on the ladder and leaving the tool on it is not allowed.
2.3.18. It is not allowed to work on portable ladders and ladders:
a) near and above rotating mechanisms, working machines, conveyors, etc.;
b) using electric and pneumatic tools, construction and assembly guns;
c) when performing gas and electric welding works;
d) when tensioning wires and for maintaining heavy parts at a height, etc.
To perform such work, scaffolding and ladders with upper platforms protected by railings should be used.
2.3.19. It is not allowed to install stairs on the steps of flights of staircases. To perform work in these conditions, scaffolds should be used.
2.3.20. Before starting work, the stability of the ladder must be ensured, and it must be ensured by inspection and testing that the ladder cannot slip or be accidentally moved.
When installing a ladder in conditions where displacement of its upper end is possible, the latter must be securely fastened to stable structures.
2.3.21. When working with a ladder in places with heavy traffic of vehicles or people, to prevent its fall from accidental shocks, regardless of the presence of tips at the ends of the ladder, its installation site should be protected or protected. In cases where it is impossible to secure the ladder when installing it on a smooth floor, a worker in a helmet should stand at its base and hold the ladder in a stable position. In other cases, it is not allowed to support the ladder below with your hands.
2.3.22. When moving the ladder by two workers, the ladder must be carried with the tips back, warning the oncoming ones to be careful. When carrying a ladder by one worker, it must be in an inclined position so that its front end is raised above the ground by at least 2 m.
2.3.23. Vertical stairs, stairs with an angle of inclination to the horizon of more than 75 ° at a height of more than 5 m, starting from a height of 3 m, must have guards in the form of arcs. The arcs should be located at a distance of no more than 0.8 m from one another and connected by at least three longitudinal strips.
The distance from the stairs to the arc should be at least 0.7 m and not more than 0.8 m with an arc radius of 0.35-0.4 m.
2.3.24. Stairs with a height of more than 10 m must be equipped with rest areas at least every 10 m in height.
2.3.25. The use of portable metal ladders in switchgear with a voltage of 220 kV and below is not allowed.
2.3.26. In open switchgears with a voltage of 330 kV and above, the use of portable metal ladders is permitted subject to the following conditions:
a) the ladder must be carried in a horizontal position under the continuous supervision of the foreman, duty officer or employee from the operational and repair service, who has an electrical safety group of at least IV;
b) a metal chain must be attached to the ladder, constantly touching the ground.
2.3.27. Ladders with metal reinforcement along the bowstring should be considered metal and their use in electrical installations should be carried out taking into account the requirements of paragraphs. 2.3.25, 2.3.26 of the Rules.
2.3.28. Ladders and step-ladders are inspected by the manufacturer of works before use (without an entry in the journal).
2.3.29. Ladders must be stored in dry rooms in conditions that exclude their accidental mechanical damage.
2.3.30. Platforms hung on stairs or building structures must comply with the requirements of GOST 26887-86.
2.3.31. For the passage of workers performing work on the roof of a building with a slope of more than 20 °, as well as on a roof with a coating that is not designed for loads from the weight of workers, ladders with transverse slats are arranged to stop the legs. Ladders are fixed during work.
2.3.32. Ladders and bridges must be rigid and have fasteners that exclude the possibility of their displacement. Deflection of the flooring at the maximum design load should not be more than 20 mm.
2.3.33. With a length of ladders and bridges of more than 3 m, intermediate supports must be installed under them. The width of ladders and bridges must be at least 0.6 m.
2.3.34. Ladders and bridges must have handrails, flanges and an intermediate horizontal element. The height of the handrails must be at least 1 m, the side edges - at least 0.15 m, the distance between the posts of the handrails - no more than 2 m.
2.3.35. Communication between the tiers of scaffolding is carried out by rigidly fixed ladders.
2.3.36. It is not allowed to connect adjacent sections of lifting scaffolding with transitional decks, ladders and ladders.
2.3.37. Gangways must be made of metal or boards at least 40 mm thick. The gangway should have planks with a section of 20 x 40 mm to stop the legs every 0.3-0.4 m.
2.3.38. The width of the gangway must be at least 0.8 m for one-way traffic and at least 1.5 m for two-way traffic and have railings with a height of at least 1 m.
2.3.39. On the gangway, the permissible load is indicated in a conspicuous place.
2.3.40. The installation and removal of guards and protection should be carried out using a safety belt attached to a safety device or to securely installed building structures. The work must be carried out in a technological sequence that ensures the safety of the work.
Installation and removal of guards must be carried out by specially trained workers under the direct supervision of the foreman.

(PB 08-624-03)

1. The distance between the individual mechanisms must be at least 1 m, and the width of the working aisles - 0.75 m. For mobile and block-modular installations and units, the width of the working aisles is allowed at least 0.5 m.

2. Objects that require a worker to rise to a height of up to 0.75 m are equipped with steps, and for a height above 0.75 m - stairs with railings. In places where people pass over pipelines located at a height of 0.25 m and above from the surface of the earth, platform or floor, walkways should be arranged, which are equipped with railings if the height of the pipeline is more than 0.75 m.

3. Mid-flight stairs must have a slope of no more than 60 ° (for tanks - no more than 50 °), the width of the stairs must be at least 65 cm, for a ladder for carrying weights - at least 1 m. The distance between the steps in height should be no more than 25 cm. Steps should have an inward slope of 2-5 °.

On both sides, the steps must have side planks or side trim at least 15 cm high, which excludes the possibility of slipping of a person's legs. Stairs must be equipped with railings 1 m high on both sides.

4. Tunnel-type ladders must be metal with a width of at least 60 cm and, starting from a height of 2 m, have safety arcs with a radius of 35-40 cm, fastened together by strips. The arcs are located at a distance of no more than 80 cm from one another. The distance from the most distant point of the arc to the steps should be within 70-80 cm.

Stairs must be equipped with intermediate platforms installed at a distance of no more than 6 m vertically from one another.

The distance between the steps of tunnel-type ladders and step-ladders should be no more than 35 cm.

5. Work platforms at a height must have a flooring made of metal sheets with a surface that excludes the possibility of slipping, or boards with a thickness of at least 40 mm and, starting from a height of 0.75 m, a railing 1.25 m high with longitudinal strips located on a distance of not more than 40 cm from each other, and a board with a height of at least 15 cm, forming a gap of not more than 1 cm with the flooring for liquid drainage.

On service platforms completed before the publication of these Rules, it is allowed to drill holes with a diameter of at least 20 mm along the perimeter of the platform flooring with a distance between holes of at least 250 mm.

6. Work associated with the danger of falling from a height must be carried out with the use of a safety belt.

7. Safety belts and halyards should be tested at least twice a year with a static load specified in the manufacturer's operating instructions by a special commission with the execution of an act. In the absence of such data in the operating instructions, the test should be carried out with a static load of 225 kgf for five minutes.

8. For fire and explosion hazardous industries (oil treatment plants, tank farms, etc.), the use of wooden flooring is prohibited.

Temporary use of wooden flooring from boards with a thickness of at least 40 mm is allowed when working from scaffolding during the repair of completely stopped equipment and apparatus, buildings and structures.

9. All potentially dangerous places of oil and gas production facilities (open tanks, transmissions, etc.) must have fences that block access to them from all sides.

Guard doors should be opened or guards removed after the equipment or mechanism has come to a complete stop. Starting the equipment or mechanism is allowed only after all removable parts of the fence are installed and securely fastened.

10. The height of the railings should be at least 1.25 m (for drive belts at least 1.5 m), the height of the lower belt of the fence should be 15 cm, the gaps between individual belts should be no more than 40 cm, and the distance between the axes of adjacent racks - no more than 2.5 m.

When using railings for drive belts, metal front shields are installed on the outside of both pulleys in case the belt breaks. It is allowed to use railings to block access to moving parts of equipment and mechanisms, if it is possible to install railings at a distance of more than 35 cm from the danger zone. In the absence of such an opportunity, the fence should be made solid or mesh.

11. The height of the mesh fencing of moving elements of equipment must be at least 1.8 m. Mechanisms with a height of less than 1.8 m are completely fenced. The size of mesh cells should be no more than 30x30 mm. Mesh fencing must have a metal frame (frame).