Looking good on the outside and comfortable on the inside are the hallmarks of a good homeowner. The use of ceresite wet facade technology makes it possible to achieve these qualities. The very technique of such insulation at home is well known, because it has a number of several advantages, against the background of which other options become less significant. Bringing beauty to home design, the ability to save approximately 30% of heat during cold seasons and other equally significant factors that popularize the “wet facade” technology.
Technology Features
Before you get started, there are a few things to consider. Namely, how the components will be applied in the wet facade. There is no specific standard. But the budget option would be to use 4 main layers.
- The surface of the wall, which serves as the basis for fastening other layers.
- Heat insulator.
- Reinforcing pad. It includes a special mesh and plaster.
- Decorative.
The moment you need to focus on is warming. Because it greatly affects the comfort and coziness of the house.
Depending on what type of heat insulators is used, there are:
- Wet façade based on mineral wool (Ceresit WM)
- Wet facade with expanded polystyrene (Ceresit VWS)
The advantage of using the facade system Ceresit
It is important to know that plasters, adhesives and other components used in a system function most effectively when each of these building materials can complement each other. It can be concluded that the ceresit facade system is one of the most effective, because all the necessary components are carefully selected for it.
The individual properties of each element are taken into account, the compatibility of each component with each other is checked, and all possible changes that may occur with materials as they are used are carefully calculated. And all this is the reason why the Russian tests of facade insulation Ceresit were completed with good results.
useful at work
Despite all the harshness of the Russian climate, the system showed its best side, both in the cold winter and in cloudy, wet weather.
For example, Ceresit CT 190 is often used in such situations. The exclusive features of which are high adhesion, the possibility of application from -10C, the content of reinforcing microfibers, high strength and environmental safety.
The Ceresit façade system has enough versatility to give the house a good look and at the same time, has the ability to be combined with neighboring architectural buildings.
Four stages of installation of the facade system Ceresit.
Let's consider each stage in more detail:
Wall preparation.
Inspection of the condition of the facade, basement and roof of the building is the responsibility of the specialists who will carry out the installation. During the inspection, all the irregularities and defects of the walls are revealed, after which a general assessment of the condition is made.
Installation of insulation boards.
The corner part of the house is the start of the installation. The first layer is mounted on a perforated profile. As a result, a certain protective belt appears around the entire building, the height of which, as a rule, is 250 mm and the thickness is from 40 to 80 mm.
Installation of reinforcing pad.
The waterproofing is installed on the main layer of the plates and their lower area. The reinforcing mesh is mounted on the waterproofing layer. After that, another layer of waterproofing composition is re-installed on the reinforcing mesh. In order to achieve greater security, a fiberglass mesh is used, which is mounted on all these layers. The profile is firmly installed in the waterproofing mixture, then puttying is carried out. The fiberglass mesh should overlap the profile by approximately 10-15 cm. The mesh is attached to the profile using special ceresite adhesives. Another layer of waterproofing, the thickness of which should not exceed 1.5 mm, lies on top of the fiberglass mesh.
Facade decoration.
After three days after the end of all work, you can move on to the next step - finishing the facade. Using ceresit CT 16, the surface is primed. After 3-6 hours have passed, a decorative layer is installed. If the insulation material is mineral wool, then all elements used in the work must have vapor-tight properties. In such situations, the use of ceresite plasters will be just in place.
A few words about what temperature is normal, at which the installation of thermal insulation is possible. Works should be carried out exclusively in dry weather, and temperatures from -5C. Humidity should not exceed 80%. If the cold is short-lived, then after a certain time, work can be continued again, but it is worth considering that if the insulation boards are left without a protective sheath (from 2 to 3 weeks), this may adversely affect their quality. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully check their condition. If there are minor changes for the worse, such as yellowing of the boards or excessive dust content, the surface must be cleaned using sandpaper.
Direct sunlight is one of the main enemies of the new mounted layers. Also worth mentioning is the increased moisture and wind. Metal sheets used as slopes and ebbs, along with the construction mesh, the protrusions of which should not exceed 40-50 mm, act as an additional protector of the plaster. It is also worth considering that if it was difficult with climatic conditions during operation, then the drying rate of the finishing solution will be significantly lower. When preparing the mixture, it is recommended to adhere to the following rules:
- Take elements contained in one batch;
- uniform dosage of water taken from one source.
Let's summarize. Benefits of using wet facade technology
- Ability to build thin walls
- Material saving
- The construction of the foundation is one of the most expensive stages of building a house, and the use of “wet facade” technology will avoid many troubles.
The ceresit system for facade insulation provides reliable thermal insulation of the outer walls of the building and protects against aggressive environmental influences. The advantage of this solution is the lightness of the materials, the small thickness of the insulation, as well as the wide possibilities of decorative finishes.
There are two types of external thermal insulation: Ceresit VWS and Ceresit WM. The main difference lies in the application: it can be expanded polystyrene sheets or mineral wool boards. The versatility of this insulation allows the use of these methods of thermal insulation in both private and large-scale construction.
Such thermal insulation is a closed system and consists of a heater that is attached to the wall with adhesive mixtures. From above it is covered with a protective layer, including a fiberglass frame. Decorative trim completes the thermal insulation process.
Polystyrene-based ceresite is used in houses with a height of no more than 75 meters and do not have increased fire safety requirements. A PPS sheet is 5-7 times lighter than mineral wool boards of the same size and more affordable.
The PPS insulation method is a reliable thermal insulation that has the following advantages:
- does not contain hazardous substances;
- retains thermal insulation properties when moistened;
- good strength characteristics make it possible to recommend it as an easy-to-process building material;
- the lightness of expanded polystyrene is a significant advantage over analogues.
Application of PPP causes low vapor permeability, which prevents moisture vapor from entering the outer surface. This will increase the moisture vapor content on the wall surface, however, condensation occurs in the polystyrene foam itself due to the localization of the dew point there. With proper ventilation and a normal moisture content in the air, there will be no difficulties in operation.
ceresit wm insulation systems based on mineral wool
Ceresite facades, mounted from mineral wool slabs, have high vapor permeability and do not ignite. Such properties ensure the removal of condensate from the thermal insulation layer. Mineral wool contributes to good penetration of water vapor through the enclosing structure, so that the building "breathes". Ceresit facade insulation based on mineral wool boards is an insulation system that has the following advantages:
- naturalness - mineral wool is made from rocks;
- versatility of use - suitable for mounting on walls of any type;
- has high soundproofing properties;
- resistant to aggressive substances;
- has high vapor permeability;
- resistant to high temperatures - in order for the wool to begin to melt, it will take exposure to a temperature of more than 10,000C for 120 minutes.
Ceresit for facade insulation, in which mineral wool is used, makes it possible to achieve excellent thermal insulation and sound insulation, and ensure high fire safety of buildings.
disadvantages
Insulation of facades ceresite has some disadvantages and limitations in application. So, PPP has the following limitations:
- susceptible to the action of organic solvents;
- does not protect the premises from extraneous sounds;
- has a low coefficient of vapor permeability;
- has limitations in use: applicable only for walls made of monolithic reinforced concrete and three-layer panels;
- it is unacceptable to use in buildings with increased requirements for fire safety, for example, in hospitals.
Mineral wool boards have fewer disadvantages:
- the material has a large weight (22-40 kg / m2);
- the high cost of the material;
- low impact resistance.
This method of thermal insulation has a universal application and is suitable for all types of walls.
Ceresit building thermal insulation technology has shown good performance and thermal insulation qualities, which makes it possible to recommend this method. The ability to choose the finish and color to your liking removes restrictions on the personal preferences of the owner of the house or apartment.
It has properties that prevent external influences, as well as give a decorative effect to the facade along with protecting the walls.
The modern market is rich in high-tech facade plastering tools: they include facade plaster from various manufacturers, including the Ceresit mixture.
This manufacturer meets all the requirements of the facade coating. Ceresit is represented by a company that has been producing products for construction and decoration for decades.
Plants for the production of decorative plaster Ceresit are located in many countries, including Russia, which indicates the demand for the material, and, accordingly, the high quality of products. In addition, the technology for the production of facade mixtures is slightly different from analogues.
Ceresit consists of high-tech constituents, which endow the material with the appropriate qualities. A wide range of products will help determine the choice of material. The material is presented by the manufacturer in different texture options, with different composition (depending on the purpose).
Variety of colors and textures
Advantages
Ceresit is widely used precisely because of its positive characteristics:
- high elasticity (the composition of the material includes components that enhance the elasticity and viscosity of the material);
- ease of application(standard application with a spatula does not differ from similar work with other mixtures);
- creates an impact-resistant coating (mechanical stability is guaranteed by the manufacturer);
- resistance to fading (even the colored mixture does not fade when exposed to ultraviolet rays);
- the material is durable(operational properties are preserved for more than 30 years);
- environmental friendliness (plaster does not contain harmful substances);
- moisture resistance (coating repels water and prevents its penetration into the surface);
- pollution resistance;
- resistance to temperature extremes;
- variety of colors and shades.
Color solutions
In addition, the material has good adhesive properties, which allows it to be used on different surfaces. Classification for use in cold and warm times also helps with the choice, especially when performing work in the cold season.
disadvantages
No technical flaws were found in this mixture: the material has proven itself as a quality product. If you can call a high price (compared to analogues) a disadvantage, then this is the only thing that does not always suit the buyer. The price is quite consistent with the quality, so having overpaid a little, you can feel complete satisfaction with the quality of the product.
Technical characteristics of Ceresit plaster
Ceresit is a certified product, facade mixtures (for example, Decor Plus) meet the required quality criteria and have the following technical characteristics:
- density - 1.7 kg per dm³;
- application temperature - from +5°С to +30°С;
- time for drying the layer before texture formation - up to 15 minutes;
- resistance to moisture (rain) - after 24 - 48 hours;
- consumption - from 2.5 kg/m² to 2.7 kg/m² (for 2 mm grain), from 3.5 to 3.8 kg/m² (for 3 mm grain).
The plaster has persistent hydrophobic properties, low water absorption, resistance to pollution.
NOTE!
The mixture must not be frozen, and the opened package should be used as soon as possible, kept tightly closed.
Specifications
How Ceresit plaster stands out from competitors
Facade is used to create a decorative outer coating. 
grooved plaster: this mixture is excellent for concrete surfaces, gypsum, sand, cement.
This feature allows you to use this facade material on any surface while maintaining texture.
Due to the composition of the plaster, its elasticity stands out in comparison with other mixtures.. In addition, such a coating does not fade and is mechanically stable.
If we consider the products of other manufacturers, then not all have a separation of mixtures into summer and. The issue of choice for this parameter is especially relevant when working at non-traditional times for repair work: in winter or cold spring or autumn.
Types of plaster Ceresit
Ceresit high-quality coatings are classified according to their composition:
- . Designed for finishing. The composition prevents the appearance of fungi, masks small cracks, applies to expensive mixtures;
- . They are able to hide defects on the surface, do not have vapor impermeability, have a smooth texture, and have increased strength indicators;
- . Due to the presence of cement in the composition of the mixture, this coating is durable, breathable, elastic, easy to apply;
- . The main component of the mixture is silicate resin. These mixtures have elasticity, special strength, are most often used for interior work (in rooms with high humidity), as well as for outdoor work;
- . Are used for an external covering of facades.
Species Comparison
In addition, Ceresit formulations are made for subsequent painting or for topcoating without staining.
Facade mixtures are divided into "winter" (you can work with them at temperatures below 0 ° C) and "summer" (for work in hot weather).
Ceresit plaster textures
Ceresit compositions have two textured patterns, the texture of which is achieved due to the presence of granules in the composition and by a certain application:
- . This texture should be applied in a thin layer. Due to the presence of a large number of grains in its composition, a peculiar pattern is formed during application. Suitable for outdoor and outdoor use;
- "lamb". Thanks to the special texture, the “lamb” effectively hides flaws or uneven walls, which subsequently take on a different, improved look.
Types of invoices
Any texture can be presented in different colors, and if necessary, it can be additionally painted. For coloring, it is advisable to use Ceresit paints, which may contain acrylic, silicate or silicone components.
How to properly prepare the mixture
To prepare the mixture, you must have a container (bucket) for mixing it (use only stainless utensils). The manufacturer most often produces plaster in bags of 25 kg.
For the correct calculation of the required amount of the mixture, it should be taken into account that the recommended consumption of the mixture per 1 m² is from 2.5 kg to 4 kg.
For 5-6 liters of water, it is necessary to fill in 25 kg (bag) of dry composition. Cold water must be used.
Stucco should be kneaded with a mixer or concrete mixer.
The mixture is left for three minutes to completely dissolve, and then it should be mixed again.
The prepared mixture should be used within three hours.
You can not use the frozen mixture.
Blending technology
Before applying the Ceresit mixture, prepare the base for finishing:
- clean the surface of other coatings, sand, debris;
- level (if necessary) the entire base.
The boundary between the facade surface and the foundation is covered with a basement profile before being covered with facade plaster.
Before applying the facade plaster, a reinforcing layer should be applied:
- use a layer of waterproofing mixture Ceresit with a thickness of 2 mm to 3 mm;
- lay it so that it drowns in the mixture;
- then another layer of solution should be applied to the grid;
- level the mixture and wait for it to dry.
Laying reinforcing mesh
To perform the finishing with Ceresit plaster, it is necessary to sequentially perform the following steps:
- the prepared surface should be treated with a primer: this must be done for better adhesion of the plaster to the wall. When working with Ceresit plaster, it is recommended to use a primer paint for facades of the same manufacturer, similar in color to the top coat;
- after applying a single layer of primer, plaster should be applied. For its application, a half-ter should be used;
- the composition should be applied in a thin layer, which should correspond to the thickness of the grain;
- when applied to a small area, the plaster should be leveled without waiting for it to dry;
- to give texture, you should use a polyurethane grater, which is used to treat the surface after it has stopped sticking.
Create an invoice
To give the texture, the plaster should be applied in a circular, horizontal application, using a polyurethane half-ter.
Creation of various textures
For the “bark beetle” texture, mixtures with grains up to 2 mm to 3.5 mm in diameter are used. In this case, the surface is rubbed with a half-rubber strictly either in a vertical or horizontal direction. "Bark beetle" is made in white, so additional coloring is required.
NOTE!
When applying plaster of a pebble structure, various rollers are used, spatulas or graters and a mixture containing pebbles with a diameter of 1.5-2.5 mm.
Grouting plaster
Thus, Ceresit plaster is widely used due to its high-quality composition, compliance with high requirements for impact resistance, endurance, decorativeness, and durability. These mixtures, despite the fact that their cost may be higher than competitors, are in great demand. The facade covered with such plaster will acquire individuality and will be effectively protected.
Useful video
Do-it-yourself application of the bark beetle decorative mixture on the facade of the building:
In contact with
The Ceresit system for thermal insulation of building facades is based on the use of wet thermal insulation technology. The construction components include glue, decorative plaster, paint, insulation, etc. Any Ceresit product complies with ISO 9001:2000.
Main advantages
Ceresit brand insulation materials work best in combination. The system developers took into account the characteristics of various materials and made them as compatible as possible. The resulting solution was repeatedly tested, after which it was released to the market.
The result - the consumer receives a system, each element of which is precisely verified and tested. The creators of the unique thermal protection did not forget about the decorative effect: a wide selection of finishing materials allows you to insulate any building. Even historical buildings can not only be thermally insulated, but literally restored! After completion of the work, the building looks like new.
The technology of facade insulation with the Ceresit system is a closed system with a layer of protective plaster on top of the thermal insulation. The insulation is attached to the outside of the building with cement glue, and a thin protective layer reinforced with fiberglass is created on its surface. Decorative finishing of the facade consists of fine plastering.
In such a facade insulation system, two types of insulation are used - mineral wool (Ceresit WM) or expanded polystyrene (Ceresit VWS).
Installation with mineral wool
Mineral wool is attractive in that it passes steam well - after all, moisture accumulates and destroys the building, so it must come out in the form of steam. The use of this material allows the facade to “breathe” and not collapse longer. At the same time, polymer or mineral plaster with good vapor permeability should support the functions of mineral wool. The decorative layer for the Ceresit WM system is unacceptable in the form of acrylic materials.
Mineral wool slabs are glued with Ceresit CT-190 mortar, and the mixture is applied so that the surface with the adhesive makes up at least 40% of the area of the slab. After the glue has dried, the plates are fixed mechanically with dowels.
After fastening, a solution of Ceresit ST-190 is applied to the mineral wool slabs with a 3 mm layer with a special trowel. A reinforcing fiberglass mesh is embedded into this layer of the mixture, on top of which another layer of the mixture of 2 mm is applied. After that, the surface is leveled so that the grid is not noticeable. The dried treated wall is puttied with a Ceresit ST-16 primer, and after drying it is plastered with a decorative mortar.
Installation with polystyrene foam
Installation of the Ceresit VWS system on expanded polystyrene, which has a low vapor permeability, is desirable for buildings with good ventilation, which will eliminate excessive moisture. It is clear that such a system is not shown for baths or pools. Finishing of facades on expanded polystyrene can be from any materials.
The facade insulation system on polystyrene foam Ceresit consists of two bases - wall installation and basement installation. So in the case of a wall, glue is applied as the first layer, on which polystyrene foam plates are attached. Then a mineral wool notch is applied, and all layers are reinforced with dowels.
After the glue has completely dried, a base layer of plaster is applied on top of the insulation, on which a reinforcing fiberglass mesh is stretched. Finally, the wall is primed and plastered with a decorative composition.
In the case of a plinth, a waterproofing layer is applied to the wall, on which extruded polystyrene foam is glued. Further, the base is sheathed with any materials at will. In general, decorative plaster of the Ceresit system can be mineral, silicone, acrylic, etc. in composition.
Step-by-step instruction
The Ceresit system is nothing complicated. However, its installation must strictly comply with the established rules of the manufacturer. Consider the stages of work.
Comprehensive foundation preparation
Warming begins with an inspection of the facade itself, the roof structure and the basement. The walls and the basement area are checked for various damages, existing irregularities are eliminated.
Also, experts study the general condition of the roof and cladding, including waterproofing coatings and the finishing facade layer. After inspection, the nature and amount of pollution on the building envelope is determined. All problems found should be fixed.
Installation of tile heat insulator
Installation of plates begins from the corner of the structure. The first horizontal layer is placed on a perforated profile element. The height of the belt along the perimeter is 25 cm, the thickness is 4-8 cm. Expanded polystyrene products are glued with the Ceresit CT-85 composition.
Plates are mounted three days after the preparation of the building. Dowels equipped with cartridges and washers are used as fasteners. Holes for doweling are drilled either with a puncher or with a drill - the main thing is not to damage the surface of the previously mounted plates.
Waterproofing and reinforcement meshes
First, a waterproofing composition is applied, on top of which a reinforcing mesh is placed. The corners of the slabs are insulated with a perforated aluminum corner. The dimensions of the corners are 25 * 25 * 0.5 mm. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the corners near windows, doors and convex ribs well. The profile is mounted in a fresh layer of the composition, after which it is puttied with it.
Further work is reduced to applying a reinforcing mesh to the adjacent wall to cover the profile, 10 cm in size. To glue the mesh, Ceresit CT-85 or Ceresit CT-190 is used.
The thickness of the second waterproofing layer ranges from 1-1.5 mm. If the system involves underground insulation, then after creating this layer, it is necessary to waterproof the underground areas with Ceresit materials of the CR, CP or BT group. As soon as they dry, the soil is poured back.
Finishing work
The finishing layer, as well as additional fasteners, is applied three days after laying the waterproofing insulation. First of all, it is necessary to prime the surface to be treated with the composition "Ceresit ST-16". After 3-6 hours, the structure is covered with one of the following decorative materials - Ceresit CT-35, CT-64, CT-36, CT-63, CT-137, CT-60.
Preparation of Ceresit CT-35 or CT-36 is carried out by mixing with water in a ratio of 1: 0.2-0.22. The ratio for Ceresit CT-137 is 1: 0.17-0.22. The duration of action of Ceresit CT-35 or CT-36 is 1 hour, CT-137 - 1.5 hours.
When insulating with mineral wool, finishing materials must have good vapor permeability. Because of this, the finishing layer can only be made from polymer or mineral plasters. In the system, they are represented by silicone compounds.
TYPICAL TECHNOLOGICAL CARD
Installation of external thermal insulation systems for building facades Ceresit WM and Ceresit VWS
1 AREA OF USE
1 AREA OF USE
A typical technological map (TTK) was drawn up for the installation of external thermal insulation systems for facades of buildings Ceresit WM and Ceresit VWS.
The TTK is intended to familiarize workers and engineering and technical workers with the rules for the production of work, as well as for the purpose of using it in the development of work production projects, construction organization projects, and other organizational and technological documentation.
2. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Thermal insulation systems Ceresit WM and Ceresit VWS (manufacturer - Henkel Bautechnik) are systems for external thermal insulation of facades of buildings and structures of the "bonded type", in which the following are used as a thermal insulation layer:
Mineral slabs made of basalt fiber (hereinafter referred to as mineral wool slabs) - Ceresit WM system;
Expanded polystyrene boards - Ceresit VWS system. At the same time, fire-prevention cuts are made of mineral wool boards.
The thermal insulation systems Ceresit WM and Ceresit VWS are designed for thermal insulation of both newly erected structures and reconstructed buildings.
Scheme of the Ceresit VWS insulation system
Fig.1. Scheme of the Ceresit VWS insulation system
Scheme of the Ceresit WM insulation system
Fig.2. Scheme of the Ceresit WM insulation system
Note
1. On even, plastered substrates, the consumption of CT 85 and CT 190 can be 2-3 kg/m less.
2. The insulation project should determine the number of fasteners required. per 1 m and their type.
The Ceresit WM and Ceresit VWS thermal insulation systems are the equivalent of a building product supplied as a kit of prefabricated, uniquely identifiable and certified materials. The use of non-system materials or materials from other manufacturers is not permitted.
Completion of all internal "wet" processes (masonry, concrete and plaster work, cement screed installation) and ensuring sufficient drying of the entire facility;
Roofing devices;
Installation of window and door blocks.
At the time of installation, measures must be taken to prevent water from entering the surface and into the systems.
Installation of thermal insulation systems should be carried out at air and base temperatures from +5°С to +30°С, unless otherwise specified.
3. ORGANIZATION AND TECHNOLOGY OF WORK PERFORMANCE
3.1. Preparatory work
3.1.1. Installation of scaffolding
Scaffolding should be installed at a distance from the outer wall equal to the thickness of the insulation plus 45 cm. For anchoring the scaffolding, it is necessary to effectively use window and door openings, balcony slabs and other structures that reduce the number of attachment points passing through the thermal insulation system being installed. In places where it is necessary to ensure direct fastening of scaffolding to the outer wall, fixing anchors should be installed with a slight downward slope (Fig. 3). This will prevent rainwater from getting inside the thermal insulation layer. For ease of installation, scaffolding should be installed with a launch around the corners of the building at a distance of at least 2 m.
Fig.3
It is forbidden to install thermal insulation systems from hinged construction cradles.
Incorrect installation of scaffolding greatly complicates the installation of thermal insulation systems and increases the likelihood of poor-quality application of external decorative coating.
3.1.2. Preparation of the building base
Preparation of the building base should include the following operations:
Mechanical cleaning of the base from mortar residues, contaminants (dust, chalk, etc.) (Fig. 4);
Mechanical removal of efflorescence, cement and lime deposits and subsequent treatment of the cleaned surfaces with a special composition Ceresit CL 55(fig.5);
Mechanical removal of fungi, lichens, mosses, molds and subsequent treatment of the affected areas with the antifungal agent Ceresit ST 99.
Fig.4
Fig.5
Ceresit ST 99 contains organic biocidal components. Therefore, when working with the material, it is forbidden to eat, drink and smoke. Application of Ceresit CT 99 solution by spraying is not allowed!
Checking the bearing capacity of the base;
Removal of crumbling and fragile areas of the base;
Filling defects in the surface of the base with a depth of more than 20 mm with Ceresit ST 29 repair putty;
Treatment of the base with a universal primer Ceresit CT 17 (performed if necessary);
Rust removal and treatment with an anti-corrosion primer for metal parts covered with a thermal insulation system.
The building base should be checked for deviation from the plane. The unevenness of the base must not exceed 1 cm in all directions when checked with a 2-meter level. If the base does not meet these requirements, it must be leveled with mortar (eg Ceresit CT 29). If necessary, it is necessary to lengthen the brackets for fastening drains, lightning rods, outdoor lighting fixtures, etc., taking into account the thickness of the heat-insulating material planned for use.
3.2. Installation of thermal insulation systems Ceresit
When installing systems, the following sequence of operations must be observed:
Installation of a plinth profile;
Bonding thermal insulation boards to the base;
Mechanical fastening of heat-insulating plates with dowels;
Installation of reinforcing elements and profiles;
Creation of a protective reinforced layer;
Priming of the protective reinforced layer;
The device of the external decorative layer;
Priming and painting of the decorative and protective layer (performed if necessary);
Seal of places of fastening of scaffolding.
3.2.1. Mounting the plinth profile
Installation of the plinth profile should be carried out in accordance with the project, horizontally, in one plane, attaching it to the base with dowels. The distance between the dowels should not exceed 30 cm (Fig. 6). Between adjacent profiles, it is necessary to leave a gap of 2-3 mm for joining with the help of plastic connecting elements.
Fig.6
It is forbidden to connect the socle profile with an overlap.
In places where the plinth profile is attached, it is necessary to ensure its tight connection to the base, using special washers of appropriate thickness.
At the corners of the building, the base profile is formed using two oblique cuts and a subsequent fold. The connection of the base profile is carried out using plastic connecting elements (Fig. 7).
Fig.7
It is impossible to allow deformation of the base profile during its fastening.
3.2.2. Bonding thermal insulation boards to the base
Bonding of heat-insulating boards must be carried out using special adhesive compositions:
Ceresit ST 190 - for gluing mineral wool boards;
Ceresit ST 85 - for gluing polystyrene boards.
3.2.2.1. Mortar preparation
Adhesive compositions are supplied as a dry mix in sealed bags. For the preparation of the mortar mixture, an accurately measured amount of clean cold water is taken (from + 15 ° C to + 20 ° C). The dry mixture is gradually added to the water with constant stirring, achieving a homogeneous mass without lumps. Mixing is carried out using a mixer or a drill with a nozzle for viscous substances. The stirrer rotation speed should be 400-800 rpm (Fig. 8).
Fig.8
Stirring the mortar mixture with a mixer with a stirrer speed exceeding 800 rpm can lead to segregation of the mortar mixture!
Then, a technological pause is maintained for 5 minutes to mature the mixture, after which it is stirred again.
During operation, the consistency of the mortar mixture is maintained by its re-mixing. Adding water to the mortar mixture is prohibited!
3.2.2.2. Applying adhesive to thermal insulation boards
Glue with a plastering spatula is applied to heat-insulating boards with a roller 50-80 mm wide and 10-20 mm thick around the entire perimeter with an indent from the edges of 3-4 cm and additionally 5-8 "cakes" along the plane of the plate (Fig. 9). The strip of adhesive applied along the contour of the slab must have gaps to prevent the formation of air pockets. After installing the insulation plate in the design position, the adhesive contact area must be at least 40% of the area of the surfaces to be bonded.
Fig.9
Before applying the adhesive solution, the surface of the mineral wool board should be primed with a thin layer of the same adhesive solution.
When installing double-density mineral wool boards (eg ROCKWOOL Facade Batts PAROC FAS 4), the adhesive must be applied to the soft side of the board.
If the irregularities of the base do not exceed 3 mm, the application of the adhesive composition is carried out over the entire surface of the slab using a notched trowel with a tooth size of 10-12 mm (Fig. 10).
Fig.10
On mineral wool boards with a transverse fiber orientation (lamellae), the adhesive solution is applied exclusively over the entire surface of the board using a notched trowel with a tooth size of 10-12 mm, while combining the priming operation.
Immediately after applying the adhesive composition, the slab is installed in the design position, moving it in the vertical and horizontal directions with light rammers with a long grater. Excess glue that has come out is removed (Fig. 11).
Fig.11
Do not leave adhesive on the ends of the heat-insulating boards.
Heat-insulating boards are glued to the base from the bottom up, starting from the basement profile in horizontal rows, with the vertical seams tied in each row, and the plates should be geared at the outer and inner corners (Fig. 12).
Fig.12
When insulating the basement of the building, the insulation boards are glued from top to bottom, starting from the basement profile.
After installing the first row of thermal insulation boards on the plinth profile, the gap between the building base and the profile must be filled with polyurethane foam (eg Macroflex mounting foam).
Heat-insulating plates should be installed close to each other. In the event that after the installation of the plates there are gaps with a width of more than 2 mm, they must be filled with wedge-shaped strips cut from the heat-insulating material.
It is not allowed to fill the joints between the heat-insulating plates with an adhesive composition.
At the corners of window and door openings, heat-insulating plates with a corner cutout should be installed so that the joints of the seams with adjacent plates are at least 100 mm from the corner of the opening (Fig. 13). Joints between thermal insulation boards must be located at least 100 mm from the edge of the ledge on the base plane or from the boundary of different base materials (eg concrete areas in masonry).
Fig.13
If the window and door blocks are mounted in the plane of the facade, then the heat-insulating boards should be installed with an overlap on the box of the block of at least 2 cm. A sealing polyurethane tape or an adjoining profile must be glued along the perimeter of the box.
If the window and door blocks are recessed in relation to the plane of the facade, and it is necessary to insulate the slope, then heat-insulating plates of the main plane of the facade are first installed with the necessary overlap inside the opening, and then, prepared according to the size of the insulation plates, are glued to the slopes. A sealing polyurethane tape or an adjoining profile must first be glued along the perimeter of the box.
The sealing tape in the design position must be compressed by at least 1/3 of its free thickness.
The sealing tape must be cut at all corners. Rounding the corner with a continuous tape without a butt joint is not allowed.
In the Ceresit VWS thermal insulation system, floor horizontal fire cuts, edging of window and door openings are made of mineral wool boards. The height of the cross-section of the cuts and edgings must be at least 150 mm.
All elements (for example, electrical wiring, etc.) that are not removed from the facade and are under it during the installation of the heat-insulating layer are marked to prevent damage during subsequent doweling.
Cutting of heat-insulating plates is carried out using a steel ruler, a square, a knife with a wide blade and a saw with fine teeth.
The correct installation of each insulation plate in the design position is controlled by a 2-meter level.
Mineral wool boards sometimes have large inclusions of the binder used in their manufacture, which can later cause dark spots on the surface of the outer decorative layer. Therefore, after fixing the mineral wool boards, it is necessary to carefully examine their surface and mechanically remove the existing inclusions, and fill the formed shells with heat-insulating material.
3.2.2.3. Fastening EPS boards with CT 84 Express adhesive in the VWS system
CT 84 adhesive is applied with the mounting gun in the position with the cylinder up, keeping the distance between the gun and the plate sufficient for the correct application of the adhesive. The glue is applied along the perimeter of the slab with an indent from the edge of ~ 2 cm and one strip through the center of the slab, at an equal distance from its long sides (Fig. 14-15).
Fig.15
Then you should immediately attach the plate to the wall and press it with a small force with a long grater. The evenness of the surface of polystyrene boards can be corrected within 20 minutes from the moment of their gluing, also with the help of a long float. Excess glue CT 84 after drying can be cut off with a knife or sanded with a grater.
2 hours after gluing, the expanded polystyrene boards can be sanded, additionally fastened with dowels and a protective reinforced layer of CT 85 mixture can be made on their surface. Fresh adhesive residues can be removed with Ceresit PU Cleaner or acetone.
CT 84 can be used to fill gaps between EPS boards.
3.2.3. Mechanical fastening of thermal insulation boards with dowels
Mechanical fastening of heat-insulating boards with appropriate dowels is carried out only after the complete drying of the adhesive composition, but not less than 72 hours after gluing (at an air temperature of +20°C and a relative humidity of 60%).
Doweling is performed as follows:
A hole is drilled for the dowel with a depth of 10-15 mm more than the length of the anchoring;
A plastic dowel is inserted into the hole with a “by hand” force so that the dowel disk of the dowel is flush with the surface of the plate;
The metal spacer core is clogged (Fig. 16);
The plate-shaped disk of the dowel is puttied with an adhesive solution for gluing the plates.
Fig.16
After installation, the dowel disk must not protrude above the surface of the heat-insulating layer.
When hammering a metal spacer core, the possibility of damage to its plastic head should be excluded. Therefore, it is recommended to use a hammer with a rubber head when working or to hammer the core through a wooden gasket. A core with a damaged head must be replaced.
The number and type of dowels are determined on the basis of calculations in the project documentation. On a normal facade plane, dowels are usually fastened at the corners of the slabs and in their center.
On the outer corners of the building, in the zone of increased wind loads, at a distance R, which is 1.0 ... 2.0 m from the edge of the corner in each direction, reinforced doweling is carried out in accordance with Fig. 17, 18.
