Tasks:
1. To consolidate children's knowledge about vegetables (color, shape, place of growth).
2. Develop technical skills in drawing with pencils, paints and other materials, attention, memory, logical thinking.
3. To cultivate industriousness, a positive attitude towards nature and a desire to take care of it.
Equipment: brushes, pencils, oilcloths, napkins, paints (gouache), palette, water jars, sheets of paper, basket, vegetables (zucchini, cucumber, onion, garlic, carrot, tomato, cabbage, potato), ICT.
Preliminary work: observing the growth of vegetables in the garden, harvesting, looking at and comparing pictures with real vegetables, solving riddles, watching an excerpt from the Chipolino cartoon (IKT).
Lesson progress:
Educator: “Guys, they sent us a letter. But from whom it is not clear. Can we read it?"
Children: "Come on!"
Educator: “Oh, guys, in the letter someone asks for help, it says here that he was bewitched by a forest sorceress. In order to destroy the witchcraft, you need to guess the riddle!
Bunny riddle:
He likes to gnaw carrots,
He eats cabbage very cleverly,
He jumps here and there,
Through fields and forests
Grey, white and oblique
Who, say he is?
Educator: "Guys, do you hear anything?".
Children: Yes, this is music.
A bunny appears to the music, he carries a large basket, it’s hard for him, the children help him. Bunny thanks the guys for guessing the riddle and thereby disenchanting him.
Children: “Bunny, why did the witch bewitch you?”
Bunny: "Because she does not like good deeds, but I wanted to do a good deed, I wanted to help my mother while she was at work."
Educator: “Guys, look what the bunny has in the basket?”.
Children: Vegetables.
Teacher: What kind of vegetables are these? (children list). "Where did the bunny get them?"
Children: "In the garden."
Educator: "And how do these vegetables grow?".
Children: "On the bushes, in the ground."
Educator: “Which of these vegetables grows on a tree?”
Children: "None. Only fruits and berries grow on trees!
Teacher: "That's right!"
Educator: “Guys, what color and what shape are these vegetables?”.
Children: "Round, oval, red, yellow, green, orange, white, gray, brown."
Teacher: "Yes."
Educator: "Bunny, why do you need these vegetables?".
Bunny: “I wanted to cook something, but I don’t know what!”.
Educator: "Guys, what can I cook?".
Children: "Shi".
Educator: “And what exactly do we put in cabbage soup?”
Children: "onion, garlic, cabbage, tomato, potato, carrot."
Educator: “Yes, we will also put the zucchini and cucumber that we have.”
Children: “No, we don’t need zucchini and cucumber, they don’t put them in cabbage soup!”.
Educator: “Yes, they don’t. Bunny, did you understand that you don’t need to put it in cabbage soup?
Bunny: "Got it! Oh, I'll forget by the time I get home!
Educator: "Guys, what can we do with you so that the bunny does not forget anything?".
Children: “We can draw all the vegetables that need to be put in cabbage soup. Bunny will come home, look at our drawings and remember everything.
Teacher: Yes, you are right! Guys, choose by yourself any vegetables that you would like to draw.
Fizminutka:
Summary of the lesson:
Educator: "Guys, you did a good job, your vegetables turned out beautiful and bright."
Educator: "Guys, tell me what we did with you today?".
Children: “They helped the bunny: they solved the riddle, named and drew all the vegetables, told what they could cook from them.”
Educator: “What else can we call what we did?”.
Children: "We did - a good deed!".
Tree Drawing Technique
in senior and preparatory groups.
Senior group
The tasks of the senior teacher are: develop in children, observation, imagination, initiative, independence; to cultivate an aesthetic attitude to the environment, to teach children to describe an object, his form, highlighting the most significant era features, compare objects in shape and color; convey the relative sizes of objects, form spatial imagination; to learn to draw from winter chalk and from memory, to achieve an expressive solution to the composition.
The teacher should introduce children to works of arts and crafts, folk crafts; teach them to distinguish, name and select colors (red, yellow, green, blue, orange, purple, black, white), distinguish between shades (blue, pink, light green and ar.) and neutral colors (gray, gray-blue oh .
Children should be able to display proportionally in the figure oe the ratio of two or three objects, arranging them according to the scheme: below - those that are on the ground, above - those that are in
air, in the sky; create a plot of five or six items.
Teaching children of the older group is aimed at improving visual skills and developing the ability to create expressive images using various means of image.
The learning objectives are as follows:
- to teach the correct transfer of the form of the object, its features, the relative size and position of the parts;
- to teach the transfer of simple movements in the drawing;
- develop and improve the sense of color; technical skills in working with a pencil (hatching methods) and paints (brush techniques); teach drawing techniques with colored crayons, charcoal, watercolors.
Children must use watercolors and a brush correctly, holding it obliquely, turning it on a plane; must be able to depict a person in a frontal static position and in motion, depict birds and animals both statically and in motion.
Children love to draw autumn.
In autumn, children should pay attention to the golden leaves of trees. At this age, they already know about different types of trees. and can draw them. Explain that the thickness of the barrel can be conveyed by gradually increasing the pressure on pile brushes, and a very thick trunk is drawn by building strokes. Each tree has a vertically directed trunk, thick and thin branches, on which leaves form a crown. These signs are also transmitted by children of the older group. Suggest children depict trees of certain species, placing them at some distance from each other. Suitable topics for children of the older group are “Forest in autumn”, “Autumn park”, “Apple orchard in autumn *.
Working on the theme “Apple Orchard in Autumn *”, children should know that apple trees are different - low and high, young and old, sprawling with a thick trunk and slender with thin branches pointing upwards. Fruits can be green, yellow, red. Particular attention should be paid to the placement of images of trees on the sheet.
The program material in the II quarter becomes more complicated. Children should reproduce in their drawings pictures of winter nature, snow-covered houses and trees, winter games and entertainment, draw objects that are more complex in shape and structure. The best paper for drawing on the theme “Trees covered with snow” is blue. The teacher shows how to apply white paint (snow) on tree branches with the tip of a brush.
Spruce drawing.
We draw on paper tinted in two stripes, with brown and green paint. We give 3 brushes: wide for the trunk, medium thickness for branches and thin for needles.
Explanation:
We do not indicate where the spruce grows, we immediately draw the trunk. I take a wide brush and draw a straight line with brown paint at the end with pressure, from the top point I draw the same line next to it several times to get a beautiful, straight trunk. Now with a medium brush I paint branches. The technique is the same as in the middle group. Above 2 small ones up, the rest are long to the sides. On the branches of the spruce there are “paws” - small branches, I will draw them under the large ones (show). Now with green paint with a thin brush we draw needles.
We decorate the New Year tree with a garland and draw a stand under it. In this group we give an image of firs near and far. Please note that branches are not drawn separately with brown paint here, but sprawling paws are immediately drawn with green paint.
Drawing trees of different species
We will draw varieties of trees. Pay special attention to the fact that if the children of the older group, even after repeated observations, draw poorly, then transfer this work to the preparatory group, since this material is very difficult for children.
Pine
If children have mastered the technique of drawing fir trees well, you can teach them how to draw pine trees.
We draw on paper tinted in two stripes, gouache, palette. We give 3 brushes: wide for the trunk, medium thickness for branches, thin for needles.
Explanation:
The pine has a beautiful, even trunk of a light brown, golden color, because the pine loves the light and the sun very much. We create such a color on the palette. The trunk drawing technique is the same as spruce. We pay attention to the branches, they grow to the sides of the trunk, alternately on one side and the other, the branches are short at the top, longer downwards. There were also branches below, but there was not enough light and sun for everyone, and they broke off, leaving only small knots. Pine needles are emerald, long and fluffy. With a thin brush we make strokes long from the branch in different directions.
Birch
We draw on paper tinted in two stripes, white and black paint. We give 2 brushes: wide and medium thickness.
Explanation:
The birch has a beautiful trunk - I draw the trunk with a wide brush with white paint, just as we painted the trunk of other trees. The birch has black specks on the trunk, we will draw them later when the white paint dries. Birch is called curly. Its branches are beautiful, elastic, bent down. I take a medium brush and with black paint draw thick branches from the trunk on one side and the other, starting from the top. And from thick branches thin ones, like garlands, go down. The birch trunk has dried up, now we will decorate it with black dots. Remember, when we examined it, we noted that the bottom of the trunk is very black, there are fewer dots on top.
We draw a birch at different times of the year: snowy in winter and green in spring (we draw the outline of the crown in a wet way and dotted leaves).
Apple tree
We draw on paper tinted in two stripes, gouache, palette. We give 2 brushes: wide and medium thickness.
Explanation:
With a wide brush with dark brown paint I draw a trunk. The drawing technique is the same. Now I will draw a crown with a medium thickness brush. The crown of an apple tree looks like a bowl. Large branches grow from the bowl up to the sun, and small ones grow on them. Because the apple tree has such a crown, it is called spreading. I paint the leaves of the apple tree by priming, the end of the brush looks up.
You can also give the theme “Apple tree in bloom” - with pink paint we draw curl flowers, we do not draw leaves.
Drawing varieties of trees in the older group can only be given if the children have high technical skills. In case of difficulties in the older group, it is better to leave the drawing of a tree according to the method of the middle group and give the drawing of a birch, the rest is taught in the preparatory group.
It is good to give to draw from nature branches of trees and shrubs with leaves or flowers (willow, mimosa, spruce, poplar)
Drawing such objects is more difficult than objects that have regular geometric shapes with a symmetrical construction. The complex structure of a plant, in which the leaves are attached in bunches, the branches have many branches, the children of the older group will not be able to convey, but they can see and draw some leaves raised up, while others are lowered.
This task is carried out starting from the first quarter, for example, in the image of various trees. Each tree has a vertically directed trunk, thick and thin branches, on which leaves form a crown. These signs are also transmitted by children of the older group. In the preparatory group, they are taught to see and draw trees of different species, where all these common features are somewhat peculiar: in a Christmas tree, the trunk gradually narrows upwards and ends with a thin sharp top, while in deciduous trees it also narrows, but branches out at the top and ends with many small branches; in a birch, thick branches go up, and thin long ones hang down, and in a linden, thin branches are parallel to the ground.
Preparatory group.
The tasks of training in the preparatory group are the following:
- to teach the image of the structure, size, proportions, characteristic features of objects from nature and by representation;
- to teach to convey the richness of forms and colors, to create expressive images;
-develop compositional skills (location of an object on a sheet depending on the nature of the shape and size of the object);
- develop a sense of color (the ability to convey different shades of the same color);
- develop technical skills (the ability to mix paints to obtain different colors and their shades;
- apply strokes with a pencil or brush strokes according to the shape of the object).
Children of six years old have a fairly well developed analytical thinking. They can distinguish both general features inherent in objects of the same type, and individual features that distinguish one object from another.
This task is carried out starting from the first quarter, for example, in the image of various trees. Kindergarten children should know that to draw a tree, you first need to draw thin lines indicating the basic shape and size, draw the direction and shape of the branches, and then draw the exact outline of the tree. Then foliage and small details are added, after which the drawing is painted. Each tree has a vertically directed trunk, thick and thin branches, on which leaves form a crown. These signs are also transmitted by children of the older group. In the preparatory group, they are taught to see and draw trees of different species, where all these common features are somewhat peculiar: in a Christmas tree, the trunk gradually narrows upwards and ends with a thin sharp top, while in deciduous trees it also narrows, but branches out at the top and ends with many small branches; in a birch, thick branches go up, and thin long ones hang down, and in a linden, thin branches are parallel to the ground.
There are trees bent, with forked trunks, young and old. The ability to see this diversity and convey it in a drawing develops in children the ability to create expressive images of nature.
The same variety in the transfer of the features of the subject is fixed in the themes of the image of vegetables, fruits, etc. For this, children in the first quarter get acquainted with obtaining shades of color and composing new colors.
The ability to convey the characteristic features of the structure and shape of objects preschoolers master when drawing from life a variety of objects, initially simple in shape and structure: branches of a Christmas tree and pine, fish, birds, dolls. Twigs with leaves, flowers, berries, toys and various other small items can be used as nature in the preparatory group. The close location of nature often attracts the child's attention to it: he compares it with a drawing.
In addition, the value of such an "individual" nature is that it allows you to focus on its characteristic features. The teacher selects a homogeneous nature with slight variations: on one branch - 3 branches, on the other - 2, on one - all the leaves look up, and on the other - in different directions. Children's attention is drawn to this difference when explaining the task and analyzing nature; they are invited to draw their branch so that they can recognize it later. At the end of the lesson, an interesting analysis of the search for a drawing of nature or according to the nature of a drawing can be carried out. Here the attention of children to all details increases.
Drawing nature helps to develop a sense of composition in the transfer of space. Children very quickly master the ability to place objects in a large space near and far when drawing from nature of the surrounding nature. For example, they examine with the teacher from the window the space between two trees: close to the children there is a lawn, behind it is a river, then a field, and where the sky seems to converge with the earth, a narrow strip of forest is visible where it is even impossible to make out individual trees . Children begin to draw by moving from nearby to distant objects, starting from the bottom edge of the sheet. It becomes clear to them what drawing on a wide space means. The void between earth and sky disappears.
The expressiveness of the picture largely depends on the selected vertical or horizontal position of the sheet of paper. In order to successfully cope with this choice, the child must very carefully analyze the object in various turns, note the features of its structure.
In the preparatory group, children begin to draw with a preliminary sketch, in which the main parts are outlined first, and then the details are refined. The use of a sketch makes the child carefully analyze nature, highlight the main thing in it, coordinate the details, and plan their work.
fir tree drawing
We draw on tinted paper, gouache, a palette - on it we will create different shades of green. We give 3 brushes: wide for the trunk, medium thickness for branches, thin for needles.
Explanation:
The drawing technique does not change. Drawing as in the senior group. Only when depicting needles, we pay attention to the fact that the upper branches are young, elastic and the greenery on them is bright, down the needles on the branches are old, dark in color. 
Drawing trees of different species.
Drawing trees in a landscape is different from drawing trees in general. Since the structure of any tree is quite complex (many branches and twigs, and even more leaves.). then it is impossible to draw this mass separately, especially if the tree is located in the background. Here, when drawing, we proceed from the following rule: being far from the tree, we see only its general shape, without details. Each tree, not similar to the shape of other trees, and you need to depict
We draw on tinted paper in two stripes, gouache, palette. We give 3 brushes: wide for the trunk, medium thickness and hard.
Explanation:
The oak is called a giant, its trunk is very thick, I will draw it with a wide brush with brown paint like this - I will draw a central line and I will “build up” the trunk from one side and the other. The trunk is thick, the oak is mighty, it stands firmly on the ground - the roots are visible. I draw branches with a medium brush with brown paint. The branches are bent from time to time, old, thick. The oak does not have such a crown as other trees. At the top, the branches are curved and curved thick branches also depart from the trunk. Small curved branches extend from thick branches, I draw them with the tip of a brush. The greenery of the oak is transparent, carved, I will paint it with a hard glue brush “poking”.
Pine
In this group, you can give a drawing of a pine tree with colored pencils, but for children it is very difficult. Also, children learn to draw a young pine tree.
We draw on paper tinted in two stripes, a palette. We give 2 brushes: wide for the trunk and medium thickness for the needles.
Explanation:
With a wide brush with light brown paint I draw a short trunk. The technique is the same as when drawing firs. We pay special attention to the branches. I draw 2 small ones at the top, and then from the trunk I draw 2 branches up to the sun and from here 2 down. Now I draw needles with a medium brush, the upper branches are young - the needles on them are light, bright, the lower ones are older - the needles are dark.
In this group, you can show how to draw a crown without branches - with a contour.
Also at this age, children are happy to draw various fabulous trees.
The image of a person is the most difficult in the development of the fine arts of preschool children, which, gradually becoming more complex, takes its place in children's drawings throughout preschool childhood.
Children who have poorly developed attention, visual memory, are lost. Basically, in the drawings of kids, people stand, helplessly spreading their arms, legs apart. And only talented, gifted children can convey movement.
Everything is natural and very nice for a certain period, but there must be development! I was convinced by experience and I believe that drawing a person should be introduced into work with children as early as possible. Small children are not yet afraid to make a mistake, they like everything, and drawing a person in children's drawings occupies one of the most preferred places in their fine arts. But the quantity and quality of the image of people directly depends on how a child (especially of older preschool age) knows how to do it.
In order for the child to be able to convey what was conceived in the drawing, he must possess visual and technical skills. Often a child, dissatisfied with the fact that his image is not done up to the mark, can simply refuse to draw human figures. Experience shows that due to difficulties in depicting a person, children try to avoid depicting the image of a person in independent creative activity. Based on this, it is necessary to teach children how to draw a person, showing a variety of ways of depicting. And for the teacher, the first task should be to teach children to depict a person in accordance with his age capabilities and individual abilities.
Children begin to try their hand at graphic representation of the human figure soon after the age of three. At this time, they use several basic strokes with which they can depict a person: mom, dad or another family member. The drawing of the figure is carried out by the child according to the same pattern: “Stick, stick, cucumber, here comes the little man!” The conclusion suggests itself: for there to be development, systematic, systematic training is necessary.
Teaching preschool children to depict a person is a complex and painstaking process that requires the teacher to be able to take into account a number of requirements in their work and create the necessary conditions for children's creativity. Pedagogical guidance should be aimed not only at teaching the art of portraying a portrait, but also at developing perception and imagination. In other words, it is necessary to teach children to see and perceive, to gradually lead to the understanding that their image can express different content and the management of the process should be directed, first of all, to the development of aesthetic perception, to the figurative reflection of their impressions in the drawing by certain visual means. It is necessary to find such pedagogical techniques that can arouse interest in drawing a person, emotions, children's imagination, activate the process of drawing, arouse a desire to evaluate a drawing, find elements of expressiveness in it.
A child in the world around him does not capture everything that his eyes see, therefore, in the classroom for the formation of the ability to portray a person, it is necessary to teach children to be observant in order to more fully and truthfully convey the characteristic features and features of the depicted person.
In the process of educational work in this direction, children develop an understanding of the created image, the beauty and expressiveness of the portrait drawing.
In addition to all that has been said, the child’s free and creative image of the world of people will not only allow him to experience the joy of creativity, the joy of creating expressive images, but, finally, will help him more easily enter into real relationships with the world of people around him, that is, provide one of the ways to implement the process. socialization of the child - preschooler. The drawings of older preschoolers show their interest in both social problems and the life history of their people.
It is also important that children of senior preschool age will soon go to school, and practice shows that it will be quite difficult for a first-grader who does not know how to portray a person to create “live”, bright works, for which the teacher will give a positive mark, which in turn is the main motive for a child - a first grader.
Middle group.
Children, look at each other. See how the top lip is different in shape from the bottom? There are two waves on the upper lip, and one on the lower lip (draw lips). We draw ears, hair.
In the preparatory group, we introduce children to the structure of man. Consider the structure of the human figure and the proportional ratio of parts. The figure shows that any part of the body, usually the head (its height), is taken as a scale unit when determining proportions. The height of the entire human figure is 7-8 scale units (including the head). The dimensions of the length of the body and head together are approximately equal to the length of the legs. The arms are one unit longer than the body (reaching the middle of the thigh). The arm to the elbow is longer than the forearm; the elbow is at the level of the waist (about half the body). The width of the figure at the shoulders is approximately two units. The legs at the knees are divided into two equal parts.
Consider one of the ways to draw a person in motion. The theme is skiing. One way to draw is to draw with ovals. We draw an oval - the body to the waist, an oval - the pelvic part. Then we will draw ovals - legs to the knee, from the knee - ovals, ovals - feet. Then we will draw the arms, first finding the place of the shoulder. We draw hands in the same way: an oval to the elbow, an oval after the elbow. The elbow is at waist level, the palm is oval. And finally, the head. We find a place for the neck and draw the head. Then we collect the drawing with a smooth line and dress it. After we have drawn a pencil sketch, we erase the auxiliary lines with an elastic band. Let's get started with color.
In the middle group, children learn to draw a "matryoshka". The head is depicted, with an extended sundress towards the bottom. "Snow Maiden" - head, extended fur coat to the bottom, hands from the shoulder. By the end of the year, the image becomes more complicated, you can add a “raised hand” movement.
In the older group, children are invited to draw in more detail. You can offer a scheme for drawing from geometric shapes, a scheme for drawing a head.
Invite the children to consider a doll or a child in beautiful clothes. Clarify by asking the children the shape of the dress, head, arms, legs, their location and size. Proportions of the face: the head has an oval shape. To depict the face, the head is divided by transverse lines into three parts: from the top to the superciliary arches, from the superciliary arches to the tip of the nose, and from the end of the nose to the end of the chin. The teacher draws an oval of the face on the board, marks the auxiliary lines, explaining that they ate noticeable, shows how the eyes are drawn, the distance between the eyes is small, no more than one eye, inside the eye there is a colored circle and a small pupil. Asks what is above the eyes (eyebrows). He further explains that a person's nose is the same color as the face, so only the tip of the nose needs to be drawn. You can draw the tip of the nose with a short dash or depict the nostrils. From the tip of the nose to the end of the face, the lips are in the middle.
Children begin to draw with a cone-shaped torso.
The first theme: "Girl in a long fur coat."
This topic is divided into two sessions.
1 lesson
Gouache - blue and flesh-colored (pink), wide brush.
Explanation:
I take a brush and paint the girl's head with pink paint - it is round. Now with blue paint I will draw a long fur coat for a girl. I step back a little from my head and draw a triangle. The fur coat has sleeves, like spruce branches, I paint with one stroke of the brush down. The girl has a hat on her head. To draw eyes, lips, nose, you can give a pencil or felt-tip pen. You can also draw the educator himself: “Let's revive your girl.”
2 lesson
If the children did well, then we give white paint and offer to draw the edge of the fur coat and hat. If it didn’t work out well enough, you can invite all or some of the children to draw a girlfriend for the girl. “We have already drawn a girl in a long fur coat, let's draw a girlfriend for her so that she is not bored.”
Lesson 3 - "Bear"
To make it easier for children to draw a naked doll in the next lesson, we first give a drawing of a bear.
Gouache - brown, black, 2 brushes: wide and medium thickness.
Explanation:
I take a brush and with brown paint I draw bears with a round head. To get an oval body for the bear, I will draw 2 circles - one under the other and then connect them, we get an oval - the body of the bear. On the head I will draw small ears. Now I'll draw oval paws - 2 at the top and 2 at the bottom (demonstration). When the paint dries, draw eyes and a nose with black paint.
Lesson 4 - "Doll-Need"
Gouache - yellow, red, black. 2 brushes: wide and medium thickness.
Explanation:
We draw in the same way as a bear, but we immediately draw the body as an oval. Oval arms and legs. Instead of ears, draw hair. We draw panties. When the paint dries, we revive the doll - draw eyes, nose, mouth.
Lesson 5 - "Doll in a red dress"
Gouache - yellow, red, black. 2 brushes: wide and medium thickness.
Explanation:
We draw in the same way as a doll - naked, but we dress in a dress (triangle).
Senior and preparatory groups
Simple pencil.
We draw a person according to the scheme.
Explanation:
To make it easier for you to learn how to draw a person, I will teach you to draw a diagram first, and then from it - a little man. A person has a round head - draw a circle. Short neck - draw a vertical line. Now I draw a horizontal line - this is the line of the shoulders, it is the width of the head. Now I will draw a longer vertical line - this is the line of the body, it is equal to the size of two heads. Below I will draw a line of the hips, it is equal to the line of the shoulders. On the torso I will mark the waist line, it is equal to half the line of the shoulders. Now from the shoulders I will draw a line of arms obliquely to the line of the hips. From the line of the hips we draw the lines of the legs, they are longer than the torso.
Several lessons are devoted to drawing diagrams until it is mastered by all children, since this is the basis of the basics.
"Man on the Move"
Simple pencil.
Explanation:
At the first lesson, we draw the same scheme as usual, but we mark the fold points on the arms and legs. Then we show how to draw a diagram to convey the movement. To convey movement, you can use a child to show the direction of the lines of the arms and legs.
"Man on the move". Of course, it’s not easy to draw a person in motion, if there was only one way to draw, because we are all so different and our perception of the surrounding reality is also different for all of us. Fortunately, there are several ways to draw and everyone can choose the most suitable for themselves. Today we will talk about three ways to depict the figure of a moving person.
The first schematic drawing is traditional drawing, where we draw the body of a person, in straight lines, and then "dress" in clothes.
1)
2) 
The second way is drawing with ovals. With this method, we convey the proportions of the human body using ovals of different sizes.
The third way is drawing with arcs, where we can depict the figure of a person with the help of arcs, long and short, inverted in different directions.
For all methods, without exception, an elementary idea of \u200b\u200bthe proportions of the human body is necessary, which we will later study on a multimedia slide.
Explanation:
And so, we take the first sheet of paper and outline with a pencil, a barely noticeable line, the size of our man. Then, with the help of lines, we depict the human skeleton, taking into account its proportions and the inclination of the torso, head, as well as the position of the arms and legs. Having drawn a diagram, we “dress” a person in clothes. A schematic representation is traditionally and well known to everyone, therefore it does not cause difficulties.
To master the method of drawing with ovals, take a blank sheet.
The entire drawing of a person consists of seven ovals the size of his head. That is, the full height of a person will be equal to seven circles, in one of which you will draw the head and neck. With the help of such a scheme, the proportions of the picture will be exactly observed. The main thing is to draw the ovals the same. Let's try to make a drawing of a standing person and make the markup as on the slide, namely for the head with neck, shoulders and collarbone, chest, abdomen, legs and arms. Apply all these parts of the body to the previously prepared scheme, separately. First, on a drawing of a person, you need to draw an oval for the head, then an oval for the shoulders and circles for the joints. Next, draw two ovals stacked on top of each other, the higher oval should be larger than the lower oval, this will be the chest and stomach of a person. Then you need to draw an oval for the hips, and then two ovals attached to the hips, these are the knees of the person. In the next step, draw the legs and outlines for the arms, as shown in my drawing. Now it remains to draw only the general shape of the human body and get the outline of a standing person. This is a very simple method, but it is very effective for those who have never drawn a person and helps to keep the exact proportions in the drawing. It will not be difficult for you to draw the general shape of the human body. Just circle all these ovals and circles with a pencil. The line can be very approximate, because the person in the picture is in clothes. delete all extra contour lines and draw the clothes for the person
paper and draw the coordinate axis, very thin lines. Departing from the horizontal axis up and down equal segments, we mark the growth of a person with dots (both halves of the same size). Now we divide the lower part into two halves, these are the knees of a person. The upper part is also divided into two halves, this line separates the chest from the body.
Method three , arc drawing. We take a blank sheet and try to draw, for example, a figure skater. We put a point just above the middle of the sheet (neck), draw two lines down from it, the arcs are wide at the beginning, but gradually tapering down, the lines are parallel. Then we draw two arcs up, according to the same principle (hand), see the direction of the lines on the slide. We draw two arcs in the same way parallel to the bottom lines, but a little more curved and a little shorter (the second leg is in perspective). From the point from which we started the drawing, we outline an oval (head), it remains to work out small details, hands, skates, hair, dress. Middle-aged children can easily cope with this pattern, it is so simple.
So in practice, we have mastered three types of images of a person in motion, if you wish and for investment in drawing, you can use all the skills and techniques of drawing in one image.
Objectives of the long-term plan:
- develop the ability to perceive a work of art, a sense of beauty;
- to form a steady interest in the fine arts, a desire in constant communication with him;
- deepen children's ideas about painting (landscape, still life, portrait), sculpture, architecture, design;
- enrich the emotional sphere of children with new types of aesthetic experiences;
- to teach the transfer of characteristic features of image objects (a girl and a snow maiden, a boy and a dwarf, cheerful and sad, spring and autumn);
- support the aspirations of children for independence in organizing the workplace, choosing the topic of the drawing, material, image methods, drawing topics, planning activities, translating what was conceived in the drawing;
- to form the ability to analyze the works of art of great masters, their own drawings and the work of other children.
TOPICS OF LESSONS ACCORDING TO THE PERSPECTIVE PLAN:
September(8 ocloc'k)
one). Drawing "Flowers"
Target: to consolidate the concepts of primary and secondary colors; learn to draw with gouache paints, mixing them, use various techniques - strokes, priming, whirling.
Material: paints "Gouache"; music P.I. Tchaikovsky from the ballet "The Nutcracker" "Waltz of the Flowers".
2). Drawing "Vegetables and fruits"
Target: learn to draw oval and round objects (tomato, cucumber, apple, plum, pear, cherry, beet, carrot); paint over with rounded strokes, mix
Material: paints "Gouache", riddles about vegetables and fruits.
3). Modeling "Vegetables and fruits"
Target: convey the shape of round and oval objects (carrots, beets, cucumbers, tomatoes, pears, plums), add details - pits, notches, using stacks.
Material: plasticine, stacks, samples of vegetables and fruits.
4). Application "Tomatoes"
Target: cutting round shapes from a square, arranging tomatoes by color: from green, through yellow-pink, to red (a problematic task), and size.
Material: colored paper, scissors, glue; image of growing tomatoes.
5). Application "Apple and Pear"
Target: cut a round object from a square, an oval object from a rectangle, stick them on, placing them in a vase.
Material: colored paper, scissors, glue; a bowl of fruit.
6). Drawing "Still life"
Target: explain the concept of "still life", learn to depict a group of vegetables and fruits, convey their shape and color, correctly position them in the picture.
Material: paints "Gouache"; reproductions of still life paintings; m / f "Plasticine Crow" ("About the Paintings" on the verses of A. Kushner)
7). Drawing "Grapes"
Target: depict bunches of grapes in a two-plane drawing, where some berries hide behind each other and lose half of their round or oval (optional) shape; convey highlights on the berries by mixing paints.
Material: gouache paints, music by P.I. Tchaikovsky from the ballet "The Sleeping Beauty", waltz.
eight). Application - the riddle "Still Life"
Target: determine by the color and shape of the blanks which vegetable or fruit to cut, consolidate the ability to cut round and oval objects.
Material: colored paper blanks, scissors, glue; riddles about vegetables and fruits.
October(9 hours)
one). Drawing "Our aquarium"
Target: consolidate the ability to depict animals from a circle and an oval, convey diversity through mixing colors and additional details, depict a composition of fish swimming in different directions.
Material: paints "Gouache"; music by A. Vivaldi "Spring".
2). Application "Hen with chickens"
Target: learn to work, cutting and sticking chickens, together in different poses, in any relationship with each other.
Form of the lesson: co-creation of the teacher (carving a chicken) and children.
Material: colored paper blanks, scissors, glue; image of a poultry farm.
3). Drawing "Firebird"
Target: draw a fabulous bird, combining familiar images, conveying its colorfulness and unusualness, unlike the existing ones.
Material: paints "Gouache"; music by P. Tchaikovsky "Dance of the Shepherds" from the ballet "The Nutcracker".
4). Drawing "Pets"
Target: generalize the ideas of children in a conversation about animals living in the city and in the countryside; learn to draw 2-3 animals using a circle and an oval, convey the habitat (house, grass, apartment).
Material: paints "Gouache"; poems and riddles about pets
5). Modeling "Pets"
Target: learn to sculpt animals from plasticine using an oval shape and a circle (ball), jointly compose compositions from individual children's works.
Material: plasticine, stacks; drawings of pets from the previous lesson.
6). Drawing "Zoo"
Target: depict wild animals that were seen in the zoo (bear, elephant, hippopotamus, giraffe), convey their features, characteristic details, combining the shape of a circle and a square in the drawing.
Material: paints "Gouache", riddles about wild animals, poems by S. Marshak "To the guys about the animals"
7). Drawing "In the circus"
Target: convey the movements of animals performing acrobatic numbers (elephant on a ball, dogs with a ball, a bunny on a drum, etc.).
Material: paints "Gouache"; music by G. Verdi "Triumphal March" from the opera "Aida"
eight). Modeling "Circus"
Target: learn to work together, make compositions from animals performing in the arena - performing a circus act with additional items.
Material: plasticine, stacks, children's drawings "At the circus" from the previous lesson.
nine). Drawing "Rope animals"
Target: learn to draw animals with one smooth inextricable line (rope), with additional details added. Black and white image.
Material: paper, charcoal.
November(8 ocloc'k)
one). Drawing "Autumn tree"
Target: learn to arrange trees “closer”, “further”; draw tree branches with a thin end of the brush; form the concepts: “in front of the tree” (lower on the sheet), “behind the tree” (above).
Material:
2). Drawing "Trees and bushes"
Target: to teach to convey differences in the structure of a tree and a bush, to consolidate the method of location “closer - farther”.
Material: paints "Watercolor"; music by A. Vivaldi "Autumn".
3). Application "Mushrooms"
Target: learn to convey the composition of their 3 mushrooms - a large and two small ones; fix paired cutting of identical parts.
Material: colored paper blanks, scissors, glue; image of mushrooms.
4). Application "Guess the animal" (from autumn leaves)
Target: learn to pick up leaves, laying them out on paper so that it turns out to be an animal, drawing the details with a felt-tip pen.
Material: dried autumn leaves, glue, felt-tip pens.
5). Drawing "Colorful autumn"
Target: learn to draw with watercolors on wet paper, using the technique of spreading paints, develop the ability to see the plot in color and emphasize it.
Material: paints "Watercolor"; music by V.-A. Mozart "Symphony No. 40".
6). Drawing "Cloudy autumn day"
Target: through the selection of colors to teach to depict the weather and mood; use the technique of toning the sky and earth, rain.
Material: paints "Watercolor"; music by A. Vivaldi "Autumn" part 2 from the violin concerto "The Seasons"
7). Drawing "Autumn Landscape"
Target: learn to make an album of autumn drawings, choosing the plot and mood of the landscape, combining visual materials.
Material: paints "Gouache", "Watercolor", colored pencils, crayons, felt-tip pens, charcoal; music by A. Vivaldi "Autumn", part 3 from the violin concerto "The Seasons"
December(7 o'clock)
one). Drawing "We build houses"
Target: create an image of square and rectangular objects - houses, windows, doors; introduce the concept of "architecture".
Material: colored pencils, crayons, charcoal.
2). Drawing "Transport"
Target: to teach to depict public and freight transport; conveying their diversity, differences; cut out the outline of the car from the paper folded in half. Color with pencils, crayons.
Material: colored pencils, crayons, scissors.
3). Drawing "Under the blue sky"
Target: learn to depict air transport (airplane, helicopter, balloon, airship); convey the features of their structure, differences from the ground (streamlined shape, wings).
Material: colored crayons, watercolor, models of air transport; music by V.-A. Mozart, overture to the opera Le nozze di Figaro.
4). Application "Such different cars"
Target: consolidate the skills of cutting car bodies for various purposes (tank, dump truck, truck), cabs, wheels, compiling and supplementing car parts with details.
Material: colored paper, scissors, images of vehicles.
5). Drawing "A car drove up to the store"
Target: depict a two-plane drawing with a transfer of perspective (“further - closer”, the machine closes part of the building).
Material: pencils, crayons; music by F. Liszt "Chromatic gallop".
6). Collective application "We are building a new city."
Target: to teach how to make a general composition of houses, kindergartens, shops, cars, trees; to form skills of cooperation, an elementary plan of action.
Material: colored paper, scissors, glue.
January(7 o'clock)
one). Drawing "Winter's Tale"
Target: learn to depict trees, bushes and objects under the snow using graphic techniques (drawing on black paper with white “Gouache”).
Material: black paper, gouache paints; music by V.-A. Mozart's "Fantasy"
2). Drawing "Snow Maiden near the Christmas tree"
Target: create a plot picture, conveying a holiday, a bright outfit of the Snow Maiden, a beautiful Christmas tree.
Material: paints "Gouache", New Year's cards; music by A. Borodin "Polovtsian Dances" from the opera "Prince Igor"
3). Sculpting "Girl sculpts a snowman"
Target: learn to sculpt the figure of a girl in a fur coat in a simple movement (rolls a lump), placing a snowman next to it.
Material: plasticine, stacks, music by A. Vivaldi "Winter" from the violin concerto "The Seasons".
4). Modeling "Children on a walk in winter"
Target: creation of a collective composition of children's figures in accordance with the plot (sledging, skiing, playing snowballs, rolling a ball)
Material: plasticine, stacks.
5). Drawing "Fun in winter"
Target: depict a winter walk - children in different poses, winter nature, snow; draw up the plot and composition of the picture.
Material: watercolor paints, crayons; music by P. Tchaikovsky "Trepak" from the ballet "The Nutcracker".
6). Application "Snowflakes"
Target: learn to cut out snowflakes from folded paper with small details, cuts.
Material: white paper, scissors; music by P. Tchaikovsky “Dance of the Fairy-Dragee” from the ballet “The Nutcracker”.
February(8 ocloc'k)
one). Application "Toy Clown"
Target: to convey the simple movements of the clown through the positions of the arms, legs, head; use game techniques - show a sketchy clown on the board, and the children are looking for someone whose clown performs the same movements.
Material: colored paper, scissors, toy clown.
2). Getting to know the portrait
Target: form ideas about the portrait, its features and means of depiction; teach verbal and pictorial portraiture. The game "Guess by description".
Material: m / f "Plasticine crow" ("About the paintings" on the verses of A. Kushner), portraits.
3). Drawing "Portrait of Mom"
Target: to teach to convey in the drawing the similarity with the appearance and mood of the mother; correct facial features.
Material: paints "Gouache", "Watercolor"; music by J. Massenet "Meditation".
4). Drawing "Fun and sad"
Target: learn to express the mood of a person in various ways (wide and narrow eyes, corners of the mouth up or down, eyebrows raised, lowered), having previously examined several puppet faces in the figure.
Material: colored pencils, crayons, charcoal; music by A. Vivaldi "The Seasons" ("Spring" and "Autumn")
5). Drawing "Funny gnomes"
Target: to teach to see the differences between a person and a gnome, to convey in the drawing the comicality and fabulousness of a gnome through shape and color.
Material: paints "Gouache"; music by P. Tchaikovsky "March" from the ballet "The Nutcracker"
6). Drawing "My dad is ... (cook, builder, engineer)"
Target: depict the appearance, posture of a person in accordance with his profession.
Material: colored pencils, crayons.
7). Drawing "Portrait of a friend"
Target: portray a friend, conveying his character, habits, hobbies; make a plot.
Material: paints "Gouache", colored crayons.
eight). Drawing "The doctor came to me"
Target: make a plot drawing, depicting people and the environment.
Material: colored pencils, crayons; music by P. Tchaikovsky "Disease of the Doll" from the "Children's Album".
March(8 ocloc'k)
one). Drawing-application "Postcard for mom"
Target: prepare a gift for your mother (grandmother, sister), independently choose the means of image, compose a composition from combined visual materials (colored paper, paints, plasticine).
Material: colored paper, paints, plasticine, pencils, crayons; music from the opera Sylvia by L. Delibes, Pizzicato.
2). Drawing "Dancing men"
Target: to teach to convey the pose of a person, his proportions in a schematic image, to make a small dance composition out of them.
Material: pencils, crayons; music by P. Tchaikovsky "Chinese dance" from the ballet "The Nutcracker".
3). Drawing "Funny clowns"
Target: learn to portray a clown in motion, with objects (juggles, dances, shows trick, acrobatic number).
Material: crayons, watercolor, music by I. Strauss "Galop"
4). Modeling "Clowns in the arena"
Target: make a collective composition depicting the performance of clowns; independently choose a number, outfit for your clown.
Material: plasticine, stacks.
5). Drawing and application "Circus poster".
Target: learn to jointly compose posters, independently choose your area of \u200b\u200bwork and compose a common composition.
Material: paints, pencils, crayons, colored paper, scissors.
6). modeling
a) "At Cinderella's Ball"
b) "Flight into space"
Target: girls and boys perform various compositions depicting people (Cinderella, prince, astronaut, aliens).
Material: plasticine, stacks.
April(8 ocloc'k)
one). Drawing "My favorite fairy tale"
Target: independently choose the plot and compose the composition of the picture; depict the main characters so that the fairy tale is recognizable.
Material: paints "Gouache", "Watercolor"; music by C. Debussy "Puppet Cake Walk".
2). Drawing "Spring Thunderstorm"
Target: depict a landscape with a mood: a sunny or cloudy day, rain, nature or a city, animals or people.
Material: paints "Watercolor"; poems about spring; music by P. Tchaikovsky "Concerto No. 1" for piano and orchestra.
3). Drawing "Forest in the fog"
Target: depict a landscape using muted colors, pastel colors, mixing with white paint.
Material: paints "Watercolor"; music by J. Offenbach "Barcarolle"
4). Modeling "Plate with a pattern"
Target: learn to sculpt wide, flat dishes, decorate it with a three-dimensional pattern of snakes and dots.
Material: plasticine, plate samples.
5). Modeling "Vase for fruit"
Target: to consolidate the ability to sculpt dishes of complex shape with a stand, decorate with a three-dimensional pattern; add molded fruit if desired.
Material: plasticine, fruit bowl pattern.
6). Modeling "Exhibition of dishes"
Target: to learn how to independently choose the object of modeling, invent a pattern, highlight your work with some element (unusual shape, pen, stand), so that it is selected for the exhibition.
Material: plasticine, samples of dishes.
May(8 ocloc'k)
one). Dymkovo painting "Horse in the meadow"
Target: introduce the elements of Dymkovo painting - circles, dots, strokes; learn to paint the figure of a horse with bright patterns stylized as Dymkovo painting.
Material: paints "Gouache"; samples or images of Dymkovo painting; music by V.A. Mozart's "Turkish Rondo" from Sonata in A Major.
2). Gorodets painting "Mug decorated with a flower garland"
Target: introduce Gorodets painting - buds, leaves, pink and blue flowers, learn to paint mugs with a flower garland of Gorodets drawing.
Material: paints "Gouache"; samples or images of Gorodets painting; music by S. Rachmaninov "Italian Polka"
3). Picture book for toddlers
Target: learn how to make a folding book with a bright large picture and simple text, independently choosing a plot, image means.
Material: cardboard, colored paper, paints, pencils, crayons, scissors, glue.
4). Drawing "Beautiful Summer"
Target: depict summer - a dream, how would you like to spend it in your fantasies, select the means of image at your discretion.
Material: paints, pencils, crayons; poems about summer; music by P. Tchaikovsky "Waltz of the Flowers" from the ballet "The Nutcracker".
Continue to introduce children to non-traditional drawing techniques.
To consolidate the knowledge that a tree is a living object that breathes, eats, grows; if careless, trees can die.
Develop imaginative thinking, creative imagination of children.
Cultivate accuracy in work.
Maintain interest in exploring different ways of depicting reality.
Equipment: sheets of paper, simple pencils, watercolors, brushes, water containers, stamps in 2 sizes (cut out in the form of leaves), green ink in a tray.
Material: riddles about trees, illustrations depicting trees at different times of the year, pictures depicting fabulous trees.
The course of the drawing lesson in the senior group:
V. - Children, please listen to the riddle and try to guess it:
Cheer up in the spring
Cools down in summer
Feed in autumn
And warm in winter.
Q. - Why do you think the riddle says that a tree makes us happy in spring?
(After a long winter, thin delicate leaves and flowers appear on the trees - this pleases us).
Q. - Why does a tree get cold in summer? (In hot weather, everyone enjoys relaxing in the cool shade of the trees).
Q. - And what does it mean that in the fall the tree will feed us? (Apples, plums, pears, nuts - all these are the fruits of trees, which are enjoyed by both people and animals).
And how can a tree warm in winter? (Old diseased trees are cut down for firewood, and squirrels, birds, beetles and other insects hibernate on young and healthy trees).
You see how much information one small folk riddle contains. And listen to another riddle:
Tree riddle
What is this miracle at the window:
Many arms, but one leg?
V. - Think, one leg is near the tree, what is it? (Trunk). What is called hands? (branches)
V. - That's right, children. In fairy tales and cartoons, we can often see how trees use their branches like hands. This is because trees are alive.
They breathe (after all, all plants need air), feed (they absorb nutrients from the ground with their roots), grow, sometimes even get sick and die. In winter, the trees sleep, and in the spring they wake up, and then tender leaves appear on the branches.
V. - The winter this year was not very severe, but the trees still slept. Spring will come soon, the trees will bloom with bright leaves. In the meantime, such leaves will grow in our drawings.
See what you see in this picture?
Yes, it has a tree and a hand drawn in pencil. Are these images similar to each other? (The hand is like the trunk and branches of a tree.) I think if you paint over the hand drawing with brown paint and add green leaves, you can get a wonderful young tree. We will print the leaflets with the stamps that I have prepared for you. Please note they come in two sizes. Closer to the branches we print large leaves, and further, on the edge of the crown - small ones. (Help is accompanied by a partial display.
Independent work of children
Children perform test printing on drafts. Then, they begin to work independently.)
Let's hang your works in a corner of nature and admire what a beautiful spring forest we have created with our own hands!
Master class on drawing "Rainbow-arc"
All children love to draw. Especially - to paint with gouache. This technique allows the children to feel like real artists. The peculiarities of this technique are that we draw “dry”, without wetting the brush in water, but immediately in gouache. It is very important here that the gouache is not dried up, otherwise creativity is impossible! It should also be noted that we will draw with a “poke”, and not strokes. Works are bright, saturated with color! Children of senior preschool age will really like this work! And kindergarten teachers come in handy!
For work you will need: sheet of thick white paper, bristle brush No. 5, a glass of water, napkins, gouache.
Target: to develop creative abilities through teaching non-traditional types of drawing.
Tasks:
Continue to introduce children to new types of drawing;
Develop interest in creative activities;
Cultivate accuracy in work.
Lesson progress:
“…..I'm on a rainbow-arc
I love to run
Seven-color-color
I'll wait in the meadow.
I'm on the red arc
I can't look
For orange, for yellow
I see a new arc.
This new arc
Greener than the meadows.
And behind it is blue
Just like my mother's earring.
I'm on the blue arc
I can't look
And behind this purple
I’ll take it and run away ... ”Elena Blaginina.
caregiver: guys, you listened to a wonderful poem about a rainbow. I read it today for a reason. Each of you will draw a rainbow today.
Topic of our lesson:"Rainbow-arc".
Look, gouache lies in front of you. Open, please, put on the table exactly the colors that the rainbow has: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet. These are exactly the colors that we need to work.
Before starting work, let's remember the basic rules for drawing using the “poke” method (stuffing with a hard semi-dry brush):
Water is used only when changing colors, the brush is wiped dry with a tissue before dipping into the paint.
· While drawing, the brush is strictly vertical in relation to the sheet of paper. Gouache is applied to the sheet by one touch, in other words, “poke”.
· While drawing, leave the white edge of the sheet, making a frame that is not filled with color.
Let's start drawing!
1. We take green gouache and draw a clearing on the bottom of the sheet. Don't forget to leave a white border without filling the edge of the paper with color.
You should get such a clearing, with a place for a small lake.
2. Now we will draw the rainbow itself. Take red gouache and draw the first arc.
3. Now you need orange gouache. We draw the second arc, next to the red one, leaving no gap.
4. Now take yellow gouache and continue to draw a rainbow. Do not forget that we do not do any smears. Only "poke".
5. Now we take green gouache. We draw another arc.
6. Now take the blue gouache and draw a new arc exactly under the green one.
7. Guys, do you all know the colors of the rainbow?
The children answer.
Educator: I suggest you take a little break from drawing and learn a small phrase that will help you learn the colors of the rainbow once and for all.
Every red
Hunter orange
Wish yellow
know green
Where is blue
Sitting blue
Pheasant purple
The first letter of each word is the first letter of the color in the rainbow.
Let's do it all together.
Children repeat.
Remember?
The children answer.
Educator: Well done. So what color do we need now?
The children answer.
caregiver: That's right, blue color.
8. Take blue gouache and draw an arc.
9. And here is the very last arc - purple. Take your time, draw carefully.
