Adjustment of the heating system direct or return. The return of the heating battery is cold - device, causes, remedies. When to balance the system

What creates pressure difference in heating and water supply systems? What is it for? How to regulate the difference? What causes a pressure drop in the heating system? In the article we will try to answer these questions.

Functions

First, let's find out why the difference is created. Its main function is to ensure the circulation of the coolant. Water will always move from a point of higher pressure to a point of lower pressure. The greater the difference, the greater the speed.

Useful: the hydraulic resistance that increases with increasing flow rate becomes a limiting factor.

In addition, the difference is artificially created between the circulation tie-ins of hot water supply in one thread (supply or return).

Circulation in this case performs two functions:

1. Provides a consistently high temperature for heated towel rails, which in all modern houses open one of the DHW risers connected in pairs.
2. Ensures fast hot water supply to the faucet regardless of the time of day and water intake on the riser. In old houses without circulating tie-ins, water in the mornings has to be drained for a long time before it heats up.

Finally, the difference is created by modern water and heat metering devices.

How and for what? To answer this question, you need to refer the reader to Bernoulli's law, according to which the static pressure of the flow is inversely proportional to the speed of its movement.

This gives us the opportunity to design a device that records the flow of water without the use of unreliable impellers:

• We pass the flow through the section transition.
• We register the pressure in the narrow part of the meter and in the main pipe.

Knowing the pressures and diameters, with the help of electronics it is possible to calculate in real time the flow rate and water consumption; when using temperature sensors at the inlet and outlet of the heating circuit, it is easy to calculate the amount of heat remaining in the heating system. At the same time, the consumption of hot water is calculated from the difference in consumption on the supply and return pipelines.

Creation of a drop

How is pressure differential created?

Elevator

The main element of the heating system of an apartment building is the elevator unit. Its heart is the elevator itself - a nondescript cast-iron tube with three flanges and a nozzle inside. Before explaining how the elevator works, it is worth mentioning one of the problems of central heating.

There is such a thing as a temperature graph - a table of the dependence of the temperatures of the supply and return lines on weather conditions. Let's take a short excerpt from it.

Deviations from the schedule up and down are equally undesirable. In the first case, it will be cold in the apartments, in the second case, the cost of energy at a thermal power plant or boiler house will rise sharply.

In this case, as is easy to see, the spread between the supply and return pipelines is quite large. With circulation slow enough for such a temperature delta, the temperature of the heaters will be unevenly distributed. Residents of apartments whose batteries are connected to the supply risers will suffer from heat, and the owners of radiators on the return line will freeze.

The elevator provides partial recirculation of the coolant from the return pipeline. By injecting a fast jet of hot water through the nozzle, in full compliance with Bernoulli's law, it creates a fast stream with low static pressure, which draws additional mass of water through the suction.

The temperature of the mixture is noticeably lower than at the supply, and somewhat higher than in the return pipeline. The circulation rate is high, and the temperature difference between the batteries is minimal.

retaining washer

This simple device is a disc of steel at least a millimeter thick with a hole drilled in it. It is placed on the flange of the elevator assembly between the circulation tie-ins. Washers are placed on both the supply and return pipelines.

Important: for normal operation of the elevator unit, the diameter of the holes in the retaining washers must be greater than the diameter of the nozzle.
Usually the difference is 1-2 mm.

Circulation pump

In autonomous heating systems, the pressure is created by one or more (according to the number of independent circuits) circulation pumps. The most common devices - with a wet rotor - are a design with a common shaft for the impeller and the rotor of the electric motor. The coolant performs the functions of cooling and lubricating the bearings.

Values

What is the pressure difference between different sections of the heating system?

• Between the supply and return threads of the heating main, it is approximately 20 - 30 meters, or 2 - 3 kgf / cm2.

Reference: an excess pressure of one atmosphere raises a water column to a height of 10 meters.

• The difference between the mixture after the elevator and the return pipeline is only 2 meters, or 0.2 kgf / cm2.
• The difference on the retaining washer between the circulation tie-ins of the elevator unit rarely exceeds 1 meter.
• The pressure created by a wet rotor circulation pump usually varies from 2 to 6 meters (0.2 - 0.6 kgf / cm2).

Adjustment

How to adjust the pressure in the elevator assembly?

retaining washer

To be precise, in the case of a retaining washer, it is not necessary to adjust the pressure, but to periodically replace the washer with a similar one due to abrasive wear of a thin steel sheet in process water. How to replace the washer with your own hands?

The instructions are generally quite simple:

1. All valves or gates in the elevator are closed.
2. One vent is opened on the return and supply to drain the unit.
3. Bolts on the flange are loosened.
4. Instead of the old washer, a new one is installed, equipped with a pair of gaskets - one on each side.

Tip: in the absence of paronite, washers are cut from an old car inner tube.
Don't forget to cut out an eye that will allow you to slide the washer into the groove of the flange.

1. The bolts are tightened in pairs, crosswise. After the gaskets are pressed, the nuts are tightened to the stop no more than half a turn at a time. If rushed, uneven compression will sooner or later cause the gasket to be pressure-pulled out of one side of the flange.

Heating system

The difference between the mixture and the return flow is regularly regulated only by replacing, brewing or reaming the nozzle. However, sometimes it becomes necessary to remove the difference without stopping the heating (as a rule, with serious deviations from the temperature schedule at the peak of cold weather).

This is done by adjusting the inlet valve on the return pipeline; thus, we remove the difference between the forward and reverse threads and, accordingly, between the mixture and the return.

1. We measure the pressure at the supply after the inlet valve.
2. We switch the DHW to the supply thread.
3. We screw the pressure gauge into the reset valve on the return line.
4. We completely close the inlet check valve and then gradually open it until the difference decreases from the initial one by 0.2 kgf / cm2. Manipulation with the closing and subsequent opening of the valve is necessary so that its cheeks sink as much as possible on the stem. If you just close the valve, the cheeks may sag in the future; the price of a ridiculous saving of time is at least defrosted driveway heating.
5. The temperature of the return pipeline is controlled at intervals of a day. If it is necessary to further reduce it, the difference is removed by 0.2 atmospheres at a time.

Pressure in the autonomous circuit

The immediate meaning of the word “difference” is a change in level, a fall. As part of the article, we will also touch on it. So, why does the pressure drop in the heating system if it is a closed circuit?

First, remember that water is practically incompressible.

Excessive pressure in the circuit is created due to two factors:

• The presence in the system of a membrane expansion tank with its air cushion.

• Elasticity . Their elasticity tends to zero, but with a significant area of ​​the inner surface of the contour, this factor also affects the internal pressure.

From a practical point of view, this means that the pressure drop in the heating system recorded by the pressure gauge is usually caused by a very small change in the volume of the circuit or a decrease in the amount of coolant.

Here is a possible list of both:

• When heated, polypropylene expands more than water. When starting a heating system assembled from polypropylene, the pressure in it may drop slightly.
• Many materials (including aluminum) are plastic enough to change shape under prolonged exposure to moderate pressure. Aluminum radiators can simply swell over time.
• The gases dissolved in water gradually leave the circuit through the air vent, affecting the actual volume of water in it.
• Significant heating of the coolant at low temperature can cause the safety valve to operate.

  In the photo - an intersectional leak on a cast-iron radiator. Often it can be seen only in the traces of rust.

  Conclusion

  We hope that we were able to answer the questions that the reader has accumulated. The video attached to the article, as usual, will offer additional thematic materials to his attention. Good luck!

This page is devoted to such a significant topic as adjusting heating batteries in an apartment: how to adjust the system in an apartment building, how to set up a radiator using a Mayevsky tap, methods for regulating heat supply.

More and more residents of apartment buildings are thinking about how to regulate heating batteries in an apartment.

This is due both to the desire to save heat in order to reduce payment for it, and the ability to control its quality.

As life shows by its examples, often the heating season and the cold come suddenly, when the services in charge of heat are not ready for them.

Temperature standards in the room

Surely, every resident would like to have a heating regulator in the apartment in an apartment building in order to create comfortable living conditions for himself in the winter. In fact, not everyone knows what it is, and why you need to adjust the heating in the apartment.

In fact, it allows:

1. The carrier can move freely through the pipes of the heating circuit avoiding airiness. This allows him to fully give heat to the room, creating a pleasant microclimate.
2. It makes it possible to reduce costs up to 20-25% by reducing the heating of radiators. As practice shows, lowering the heating of the air in the room by only 1 degree saves up to 6%.
3. Adjusting the temperature of the heating battery in the apartment allows you to increase the heat supply if it's not enough.

Any work on adjusting or setting up the heating system is best done before the start of the heating season.

To determine how much to raise or lower the temperature in the system, you need to know what is considered normal. If we turn to SNiP, then it says that for corner rooms it is + 20-22, and for the rest - +18 degrees.

Based on these data, the consumer knows that adjusting the temperature of the heating radiators in the apartment helped him save money if he cooled it himself, or vice versa.

Unfortunately, not all residential buildings can be equipped with heat regulators:

1. If in a multi-storey building there is a vertical upper piping, then the installation of control valves is not possible. This means that the supply of coolant begins from the upper floors, so there, in any frost "Africa" ​​and the residents are forced to open the windows, while on the lower floors the radiators are slightly warm.
2. If there is a single-pipe system in the building, there is no such problem., since the carrier, having passed through all the batteries, returns back to the central riser. This allows heat to be evenly distributed throughout all rooms, regardless of their number of storeys, and control valves are installed on the supply pipe for all radiators.
3. The two-pipe system, although considered somewhat more expensive, is nevertheless the best, both in terms of heat supply and its regulation. It provides separate pipes for supplying the media and returning it to the system. In such a scheme, the adjustment of the heating radiator in the apartment is carried out separately in each room, since they are all equipped with special valves or automatic devices.

As practice shows, those who have heat supply regulators in their apartments can be called lucky. This allows them to create comfortable living conditions for themselves and optimize costs.

Heat control methods

The main task of regulation is to achieve a certain heating of the air in the room.

You can do this by using the following methods:

1. quantitative called a method in which, with the help of a locking mechanism or a circulation pump, the rate of supply of coolant to the system is changed. The amount of carrier decreases as it slows down, and it passes much less per unit of time.
2. If you change the quality of the media, affecting its heating, it turns out qualitative method adjustment of the heating system.

If high-quality equipment is installed in an apartment building, then these 2 methods are performed simultaneously.

Adjusting the heating in an apartment building in the first way is considered simple if it is done by a circulation pump. When it gets cold, it “drives” the coolant through the system at high speed. It has become hot, its work is slowing down, and the carrier is flowing at a minimum pace.

Such mechanisms are equipped with automation that allows you to set the economy mode, for example, at night or when no one is in the apartment.

This method has a disadvantage. The temperature drops in all rooms equally, which is not entirely acceptable, for example, for a child's room or a bath.

The best option for adjusting the heating is the one where each radiator is individually equipped with a special device. So you can set a comfortable temperature in any room, for example, lowering it in the kitchen, where hot batteries are not needed, or raising it in the bedroom.

Types of control devices

In many ways, the ability to really influence the air temperature in the room depends on the quality of these devices.

There are several types of control valves for heating an apartment building:

1. How to shut off the heating battery in the apartment? In fact, control valve- This is a locking device heat exchanger that is attached to the radiator. One of these devices are ball valves, the main function of which is to protect the system from emergencies, and their ability to turn 90 degrees allows you to block access to the coolant or open its way through the pipes. They can hardly be called regulatory, since their purpose is protection.

   The ball valve must either be open or closed. In a half-hearted state, the seal is damaged over time, and it leaks.

2. Standard valves are a budget option for regulating devices, and the use of them is the same. Since they do not have a temperature scale, one can only guess how much the conditions in the apartment will change when they are opened or closed.
3. How to regulate the heating in the apartment? Adjustment of the heating system of an apartment building using device equipped with a thermal head, makes it possible to control the level of heating and cooling of the heating system.

The last type of thermostats is of two types:

1. Direct acting device, based on a siphon with a gas or a special liquid that reacts to any temperature changes in the coolant. If it warms up, then the carrier inside the siphon, sealed into the body, will expand and put pressure on a special valve. He, moving under pressure, blocks the access to the heat carrier of the heating system. When the temperature drops, the reverse process occurs.
2. The best, but also more expensive option is controller with electronic sensor. Having set the necessary parameters for it, the automation will independently track any violations of the parameters in one direction or another.

How to regulate the heating in an apartment building? To really know how to set up heating batteries in an apartment, it is better to purchase a high-quality thermostat, set the necessary parameters for it, and be sure that everything is under its tireless control. This device, by regulating the supply of media to the system, will help save on heating costs, thus justifying its profitability.

Adjusting the heating batteries in the apartment: increasing heat transfer

It happens that the quality of the services provided by management companies is not always up to the mark and people experience discomfort in their homes. In this case, they wonder what to do if the heating in the apartment is weak? The answer may be to find the cause of the cold in the premises. Either these are defects in the system, or an increase in the heat transfer of radiators is required.

Cold batteries happen for several reasons:

1. The system is aired and a carrier drain will be required to remove air from the pipes.
2. Connection errors were made For example, if the bypass is left open, the circulation of the media is interrupted.
3. Initially incorrect system calculations, for example, by the quantity and quality of radiators or pipe diameters.
4. Heating systems tend to clog over long periods of use., which greatly interferes with the normal movement of the carrier through the pipes, and as a result, the batteries are slightly warm.

Other defects are possible, but it is better to entrust their search to specialists.

In the event that you just need to increase the efficiency of batteries, then this can be done in the following way:

1. If there is not enough thermal power due to incorrect calculations, then it is enough to connect additional sections to the battery to make the room warmer.
2. Sometimes it is worth checking the efficiency of the battery connection. For example, if the reverse side was used, then this reduces the efficiency of the radiator by 20-25%. If the heating system allows you to change the connection, then, after agreeing this with the employees of the management company, you need to do this.

Sometimes it happens that the tenants are dissatisfied with the heat, not the cold, then they wonder how to turn down the heating in the apartment. This can be done only with the help of a thermostat, but not by overlapping the batteries. As experts note, sometimes you need to balance the system so that it works flawlessly, and you can do it yourself.

How to adjust the heating batteries in the apartment - video:

Why is the apartment cold?

When it turns out that one part of the system is hot and the other is not, then you should find out how to adjust the heating radiator in the apartment. Sometimes this is easy to do if it has thermostats installed. Otherwise, you will have to seek help from specialists.

Reasons for cold batteries:

1. Before the start of the season, the system must be purged, which is carried out by heating network technicians.
2. Operational adjustment is carried out during the heating season in order to see the results of system readjustment. For this, control devices are used.
3. Sometimes it is necessary to change the location of the batteries or their location relative to the floor and window sill. Incorrectly mounted, they do not allow warm air to circulate freely around the room, hence the cold.
4. If the heating circuit is outdated, then balancing the heating system in an apartment building will not help, since a complete replacement of radiators and risers is required.

Sometimes the sudden imbalance of the batteries and the cold in the apartment are caused by the fact that the neighbors put in new batteries by removing the thermostats. In this case, the issue is also solved by replacing the radiators.

Additional methods of regulation

When dissatisfaction with the quality of services from the heating network becomes large, people begin to look for opportunities, ways to regulate the heating system in an apartment building, how to fix the situation, and what to install so that the apartment becomes warm and pays less for it. In this case, errors are possible that can lead to a breakdown in the network of the entire house.

For example, adjusting the heating system of an apartment building with valves is strictly prohibited.

They belong to the category of shut-off valves, therefore they can only operate in two positions: “open” and “closed”. Residents, not knowing this, try to leave the valves ajar, which puts them out of action.

The weather control system for heating in an apartment building will be useful if a common house meter is installed in it. Only in this case, such a device saves up to 35% of heat consumption. At the heart of the weather heating controller for an apartment building is a sensor that detects temperature changes outside and reacts to them by changing the temperature in the network. Such a device, together with the installation, will cost the residents of the house more than 500,000 rubles.

Adjustment of heating batteries with Mayevsky taps helps with the airiness of the system, which is sometimes enough to make the batteries warm.

Drawing conclusions, we can say that today the question of who regulates the heating temperature in an apartment building is especially relevant. Residents wish to participate in this process, and if the heating system allows, they apply to the management household with applications for the installation of thermostats on their radiators.

The choice of devices for this is quite large in the domestic market and their installation does not take much time, but gives tangible results, both in terms of heat quality and its savings. Therefore, it is worth studying the principles of operation of thermostats, applying for its installation, and then enjoying comfortable warmth in your apartment.

The effective operation of the heating system depends on how comfortable the temperature will be in the cold season in the house. Sometimes there are situations when hot water is supplied to the system, and the batteries remain cold. It is important to find the cause and eliminate it. To solve the problem, you need to know the structure of the heating system and the reasons for the cold return during hot supply.

Heating system device - what is a return?

The heating system consists of an expansion tank, batteries, and a heating boiler. All components are interconnected in a circuit. A fluid is poured into the system - a coolant. The fluid used is water or antifreeze. If the installation is done correctly, the liquid is heated in the boiler and begins to rise through the pipes. When heated, the liquid increases in volume, the excess enters the expansion tank.

Since the heating system is completely filled with liquid, the hot coolant displaces the cold one, which returns to the boiler, where it heats up. Gradually, the temperature of the coolant increases to the required temperature, heating the radiators. The circulation of the liquid can be natural, called gravity, and forced - with the help of a pump.

The return is a coolant that, having passed through all the heating devices included in the circuit, gives off its heat and, cooled, enters the boiler again for the next heating.

Batteries can be connected in three ways:

1. 1. Bottom connection.
2. 2. Diagonal connection.
3. 3. Side connection.

In the first method, the coolant is supplied and the return is removed at the bottom of the battery. This method is advisable to use when the pipeline is located under the floor or baseboards. With a diagonal connection, the coolant is supplied from above, the return is discharged from the opposite side from below. This connection is best used for batteries with a large number of sections. The most popular way is side connection. Hot liquid is connected from above, the return flow is carried out from the bottom of the radiator on the same side where the coolant is supplied.

Heating systems differ in the way pipes are laid. They can be laid in one-pipe and two-pipe way. The most popular is the single-pipe wiring diagram. Most often it is installed in multi-storey buildings. It has the following advantages:

• a small number of pipes;
• low cost;
• ease of installation;
• serial connection of radiators does not require the organization of a separate riser for draining liquid.

The disadvantages include the inability to adjust the intensity and heating for a separate radiator, the decrease in the temperature of the coolant as it moves away from the heating boiler. To increase the efficiency of single-pipe wiring, circular pumps are installed.

For the organization of individual heating, a two-pipe piping scheme is used. Hot feed is carried out through one pipe. On the second, the cooled water or antifreeze is returned to the boiler. This scheme makes it possible to connect radiators in parallel, ensuring uniform heating of all devices. In addition, the two-pipe circuit allows you to adjust the heating temperature of each heater separately. The disadvantage is the complexity of installation and the high consumption of materials.

Why is the riser hot and the batteries cold?

Sometimes, with hot supply, the return of the heating battery remains cold. There are several main reasons for this:

• incorrect installation;
• the system or one of the risers of a separate radiator is aired;
• insufficient fluid flow;
• the cross section of the pipe through which the coolant is supplied has decreased;
• the heating circuit is dirty.

Cold return is a serious problem that must be fixed. It entails many unpleasant consequences: the temperature in the room does not reach the desired level, the efficiency of radiators decreases, there is no way to correct the situation with additional devices. As a result, the heating system does not work as it should.

The main trouble with cold return is the large temperature difference that occurs between the supply and return temperatures. In this case, condensate appears on the walls of the boiler, reacting with carbon dioxide, which is released during the combustion of fuel. As a result, acid is formed that corrodes the walls of the boiler and reduces its service life.

How to make radiators hot - looking for solutions

If it is found that the return is too cold, a series of troubleshooting steps should be taken. First of all, you need to check the correct connection. If the connection is not made correctly, the downpipe will be hot, but should be slightly warm. Pipes should be connected according to the diagram.

In order to avoid air locks that impede the advancement of the coolant, it is necessary to provide for the installation of a Mayevsky crane or a bleeder for air removal. Before venting, shut off the supply, open the valve and let the air out. Then the tap is closed, and the heating valves open.

Often the cause of the cold return is the control valve: the cross section is narrowed. In this case, the crane must be dismantled and the cross section increased using a special tool. But it is better to buy a new faucet and replace it.

The reason may be clogged pipes. It is necessary to check them for patency, remove dirt, deposits, clean well. If patency cannot be restored, clogged areas should be replaced with new ones.

If the coolant speed is insufficient, it is necessary to check whether there is a circulation pump and whether it meets the power requirements. If it is missing, it is advisable to install it, and if there is a lack of power, replace or upgrade it.

Knowing the reasons why heating may not work effectively, you can independently identify and eliminate malfunctions. The comfort in the house during the cold season depends on the quality of heating. If you do the installation and testing of the heating system yourself, you can save on hiring third-party labor.

During the design of the heating system, it is necessary to provide for measures to control temperature and pressure. To do this, you need to install special fittings and devices. How to properly adjust the heating system: batteries, pressure and other elements? First you need to understand the principles of organizing these sections of the system.

Heating control methods

During the heating of the coolant, it expands and, as a result, an increase in volume. Therefore, before adjusting the heating batteries in the apartment, it is necessary to ensure general control of the system.

There are several types of devices for this purpose. They are conditionally divided into regulatory and controlling. The first ones are designed to change the current characteristics of the system (pressure and temperature) in the direction of decreasing or increasing. They are installed on a specific section of the pipeline or for the entire system as a whole. Control devices include pressure gauges and thermometers mounted together with control devices or separately.

How to adjust the pressure in the heating system during the operation of a solid fuel and gas boiler? To do this, you need to be guided by the following principles for the design of control systems:

• Installation of pressure gauges (thermometers) before and after the boiler, in distribution manifolds in the highest and lowest parts of the system;
• If there is a circulation pump, a pressure gauge is installed before it;
• Mandatory installation of an expansion tank. In closed systems, it can be of a membrane type, in open systems it can be leaky;
• A safety valve and an air vent will prevent a critical excess of pressure in the pipes.

Average values ​​of water temperature in pipes should not exceed 90 degrees. The pressure should be in the range from 1.5 to 3 atm. It is possible to make a system with parameters exceeding the specified ones, but in this case it will be necessary to select special components.

If it is not possible to adjust the heating batteries in the apartment using a thermostat, an air lock has most likely formed. To eliminate it, a Mayevsky crane is needed.

Heating regulation of a private house

For owners of private houses, the question is relevant: how to adjust a two-pipe heating system. Unlike district heating, autonomous heating parameters are affected only by internal factors.

The main one is the design of the boiler, the types of fuel used and its heat output. Also, the ability to adjust the parameters of the coolant directly depends on the following indicators of the system:

• Pipe diameter and material. The larger the section of the line, the faster the expansion of water will occur as a result of an increase in temperature;
• Characteristics of radiators. Before adjusting the heating radiator, it is necessary to make its correct connection to the pipeline. In the future, with the help of special devices, it is possible to reduce or increase the speed and volume of the coolant passing through the heating device;
• Possibility to install mixing units. They can be mounted for a two-pipe heating system and with their help the water temperature is reduced by mixing hot and cold streams.

In order to find out how to adjust the heating system in a private house, it is recommended to consider all possible options.

The installation of pressure control mechanisms in the heating system must be provided at the design stage. Otherwise, even a small mistake during installation can lead to a loss of efficiency of the entire system.

Stabilization of pressure in the heating system

The expansion of water as a result of heating is a natural process. In this indicator, the pressure may exceed the critical value, which is unacceptable from the point of view of heating operation. In order to stabilize and reduce pressure on the internal surfaces of pipes and radiators, several heating elements must be installed. Adjusting the heating system in a private house with their help will be much easier and more efficient.

Expansion tank adjustment

It is a steel container divided into two chambers. One of them is filled with water from the system, and air is injected into the second. The pressure value in the air is equal to the normal value in the heating pipes. If this parameter is exceeded, the elastic membrane increases the volume of the water chamber, thereby compensating for the thermal expansion of water.

Before adjusting the differential pressure in the heating system, the condition and setting of the expansion tank must be checked. You can adjust the pressure in the heating system by purchasing a tank model with the ability to change it in the air chamber. As an additional measure, a pressure gauge is installed to visually check this value.

However, with a significant jump in pressure, this measure will not be enough. So you can adjust the pressure drop in the heating system if it does not exceed a critical value. Therefore, it is recommended to install additional devices.

How to adjust a security group

This group of devices includes the following elements:

• pressure gauge. Designed for visual control of the heating system;
• Air vent. If the water temperature exceeds 100 degrees, the excess steam acts on the valve seat of the device, releasing air out of the pipes;
• Safety valve. It works in the same way as a water trap, but it is needed to drain excess coolant from pipes.

How to adjust the heating radiator with this unit? Alas, it is designed to prevent emergencies throughout the system. For batteries, another device must be installed.

Mayevsky crane

Structurally, it is similar to a safety valve. A feature is the small size and the ability to mount on a radiator pipe with a small diameter.

In order to properly adjust the heating batteries, you need to know in which cases the Mayevsky crane is used:

• Elimination of air locks in radiators. By opening the valve, air is released until the coolant flows;
• Setting the parameters of the critical pressure value. In the event of an emergency expansion of water, the valve opens and the pressure in the radiator stabilizes.

The last function is optional and most often not used. This task is best handled by the security team. Proper adjustment of heating in the house should include all of the above elements.

When self-regulating a two-pipe heating system with the boiler running, you need to constantly monitor the readings of thermometers and pressure gauges.

Heating temperature control

An important parameter of any heating system is the optimal temperature regime of its operation. The ratio of hot and cooled coolant 75/50 or 80/60 is considered suitable. However, this value is not always acceptable for certain sections of the network. How to properly adjust the heating in the house in this case? Requires the installation of special equipment. Some of them are designed to regulate heating radiators.

Mixing units

Their main element is a two or three-way valve. One of the pipes is connected to the heating pipe with hot water, the second to the return. The third is mounted on the section of the pipeline, where it is necessary to ensure a lower level of coolant temperature.

As additional mixing units, they are equipped with a temperature sensor and a thermostatic control unit. The sensor receives a signal about the level of heating of the coolant and it opens or closes the mixing valve, thereby regulating the two-pipe heating system. Most often, such mechanisms are installed in the collectors of a water-heated floor.

If you need to adjust the heating of a water-heated floor in an apartment building, you need to take into account the temperature regime of the pipes. Most often it does not exceed 45 degrees.

Servo drives

How to adjust the heating in an apartment building if it is not possible to independently change the temperature of the water in the pipes? This requires the installation of special shut-off valves. You can limit yourself to installing simple taps - with their help, the flow of coolant into the radiators is regulated. However, in this case, the adjustment will have to be carried out each time independently. The best option would be to install servos.

The design of this device includes a thermostat and a servo. To work, you must perform the following steps.

1. Set the desired temperature on the thermostat.
2. The servomotor will automatically open or close the coolant inflow to the radiator.

In addition to these models, you can purchase an economy option that includes only a thermostat. In this case, the adjustment level will not be as accurate. But how to adjust the heating system in an apartment building if old batteries are installed? There are models of thermostats that are designed for installation in cast iron radiators. Such a measure will make the temperature setting for the apartment more accurate.

Thermostats must not be used to regulate the differential pressure in the heating system. They will only limit the flow of coolant into the radiator, without affecting the temperature regime of the entire system.

All of the above devices and devices are necessary for the normal operation of heating. But in addition to them, you need to know the basic rules for installing individual elements, since they directly affect the operation of the entire system. The regulation of heating batteries in an apartment begins at the stage of their installation.

First of all, you need to choose a connection method. The efficiency of the device and the possibility of installing a thermostat depend on it.

You should also consider the piping layout. In a single-pipe, a bypass (jumper) is necessarily mounted, which is necessary to redirect the coolant flow in case of repair or replacement of the radiator. In a two-pipe connection, each heating element is connected in parallel. Therefore, it is easiest to properly adjust the radiators in it.

In this way, you can adjust the heating in an apartment building. But for an autonomous system, it is important to know the correct setting of the boiler.

Installation of thermostats on radiators