Ladder ladder made of wood. Stepladder made of wood with your own hands. Top platform fixing

A ladder is a very useful tool for household needs. Without it, it is difficult to finish the ceiling and the upper parts of the walls when performing repairs, remove dust from a high cabinet, wash the windows of the cottage from the outside and inside, and prune trees.

Despite the low cost, many prefer to make the design themselves. Their types and features, as well as how a do-it-yourself stepladder is assembled from wood, will be suggested by the article.

Ladder is a type of structure that has the shape of the letters "L" or "A". Such options in working order are a stable isosceles triangle, with the sides of an ordinary staircase and a supporting frame.

Rubberized tips that are put on the legs give greater stability to the structure. An alternative version of the model are stairs located on both sides.

Design features:

• The presence of an upper platform or a safety tape in the center, which ensures the stability of the structure;
• The legs can be equipped with a traverse, which is a wide bar that fixes them in pairs in one plane;
• The maximum length of a wooden ladder is 5 meters;
• The tree reacts to temperature changes;

The main types of structures are presented in the table:

Options for choosing a ladder

For domestic purposes, in your home, most often, a stable ladder is enough, which can be two-section or universal. When choosing, you should consider the purpose of use and the material for the manufacture of stairs.

Wooden ladders are natural and light, but require certain conditions for use and storage in rooms where there will be moderate humidity and not too large temperature changes.

When purchasing a ladder, you should pay attention to:

• On its carrying capacity, which is indicated on the marking;

Tip: When using the fixture, for safety reasons, the maximum load suggested by the manufacturer must not be exceeded.

• per height setting. At the same time, it must be borne in mind that often its manufacturers indicate 120 cm more. To correctly determine the size of the product, you need to specify the height to the top step;
• On cost, which depends on the material used for the manufacture of the product, the manufacturer's company, dimensions, functionality and availability of additional equipment.

Materials for the manufacture of ladders

For long-term use with maximum convenience, a wooden staircase must not only be assembled with high quality, but also treated with paints and varnishes and anti-corrosion compounds, in the presence of metal parts.

Tip: When using metal elements, preference should be given to parts made of stainless steel.

Before you make a wooden ladder stepladder with your own hands 2.4 meters high, you need to purchase the following materials:

• Bars with a section of 60x60 mm, with a total length of 14 meters. This is the main bearing part of the future ladder, its choice must be made as carefully as possible. For this, only first-class wood from oak, ash, hornbeam, cedar, pine is suitable. The materials should not have knots, splits, rot, and other defects that degrade the quality of the timber, and therefore reduce the safety of the product during operation.
• Beam 25x25 mm, for the manufacture of a platform designed to accommodate a tool when performing work, and steps. There are no special requirements for the material, the main thing is that it should hold firmly on the stepladder and prevent slipping.
• Board 25x25 mm, at least 2 meters. It is used to make the platform and provide strength for the rear pillars.
• Long bolts with a diameter of 16 mm - 2 pieces, they will serve as axes for setting the ladder into position.
• Nuts M16 - 4 pieces.
• Nails 90 mm long, approximately 40 pieces, at least 5 mm in diameter.
• Belts with carabiners, 1.5 meters long - 2 pieces, to ensure the safety of work and prevent the stepladder from divergence.
• Paints and varnishes. The paint should be purchased waterproof, and applied to a previously primed surface.

Advice: You should not save on materials - your safety, durability of the product and the convenience of the ladder during operation depend on the strength of the structure.

Manufacturing of structural elements

In order to quickly and correctly make a staircase with your own hands, you need to develop a drawing, or at least a sketch of it.

For work you will need:

• Hacksaw for wood;
• Meter ruler or tape measure;
• Square;
• Electric drill;
• Locksmith's hammer.

Do-it-yourself wooden ladder stepladder is made in the following sequence:

• Four elements for the bowstring are cut off from the beam. Two - to support the steps, two - for the supporting part of the ladder;
• Grooves are made on two bowstrings, the depth of which is 2 cm, and the height is 2.5 cm across the entire width of the timber. The center of the first upper groove should be located at a distance of 12.5 cm from the top of the bowstring. The rest are cut in increments of 290 mm;
• In the support posts, three grooves are made, of the same size, for jumpers. One is placed at the height of the first step of the ladder, the second - at the level of the top, and one in the center;
• The edges of the racks located on top are rounded, sharp corners are removed;
• The lower ends are cut at an angle so that the wooden step ladder is as stable as possible, and is upholstered with rubber;
• Steps are made according to the drawing. In each of them, spikes are made on both sides, with a diameter of 25 mm, a length of 20 mm.

Ladder assembly

Step ladder assembly instructions:

• Steps are inserted into the grooves of the racks. To do this, it is better to pre-lubricate the spikes with carpentry glue;

Tip: The grooves in the bowstrings should be made so that the spikes of the steps fit into them very tightly, which will prevent the structure from loosening.

• The spikes of the steps are hammered into the grooves of the racks with a hammer. After installing all the steps, they are fixed from the end of the bowstring with nails;
• When assembling a ladder from boards, instead of bars, the steps are slightly different. In this case, the grooves are not made, due to the small thickness of the board. The steps are attached to steel corners with wide shelves screwed on bowstrings;
• To increase reliability and durability, the bowstrings of the working part are additionally fastened with studs. In this case, holes are drilled under the grooves. After installing the steps, studs are inserted into the holes and bolted on both sides;
• After assembling the supporting and working parts, they are connected to each other by hinges with hinges or brackets;
• Last, at the bottom of the ladder, a fixing chain is attached, which will prevent the divergence of the supporting and working parts too widely.

To better imagine how wooden ladders are assembled, you should carefully read the video in this article.

Making a simple ladder

Simple wooden step ladders are made from the following materials:

• A bar with a section of 60 × 40 mm for support posts - 4 pieces, 2 m long;
• For steps and rungs, the following lengths of bars should be prepared:

1. 59 cm - 2 pcs.;
2. 54.5 cm;
3. 50 cm;
4. 45.5 cm;
5. 41 cm - 3 pcs.;

• For the sole of the stepladder - a board or rubber tips, for the bottom of the racks.

• The same markings are applied to the support posts for fastening the steps, with a step between the steps - 40 cm. At the same time, the lowest one is not less than 100 mm from the edge of the rack;
• According to the marking, grooves are made 15 mm deep;
• To assemble the main part, the support posts are placed with the grooves up and aligned so that the distance between the upper ends is 40 cm, between the lower ends is 60 cm;
• The steps are inserted into the grooves and fastened with nails or self-tapping screws;
• On the reverse side, an additional crossbar is attached at the top;
• There are no steps on the support, therefore the supports for it are connected by crossbars only at the bottom and at the top;
• For structural rigidity, a jib is installed;
• Both parts are connected to each other. The support is installed in such a way that its “horns” are between the last step and the additional crossbar installed on the main part. In this case, fastening at the top is not required, and the lower ends are moved to the desired distance, which will allow you to choose the most stable position.

Construction finish

Wooden ladders and ladders must be additionally processed.

Tip: All wooden structural parts must be sanded and treated with special compounds.

The procedure for processing products is as follows:

• All parts that come into contact with human hands are polished with sandpaper. This is necessary to exclude the possibility of getting a splinter when using a stepladder;
• Surfaces that are affected by mold are cleaned. You can simplify the grinding process by using a special tool;
• To improve the resistance of the ladder to the effects of the external environment, all its elements are impregnated with a special composition - wood stain. This tool is an antiseptic that prevents the appearance of wood decay and mold. The stain processing of structural parts is carried out before its assembly. This will increase its service life;
• After assembling the product, it is better to impregnate it with drying oil, and then cover it with paint or varnish. The finished wooden ladder is shown in the photo.

What and how to make a wooden ladder ladder with your own hands, everyone decides for himself. But you should always remember that this device should not only be beautiful, but most importantly durable and safe when performing work.

In the household, quite often there is a need to get to the chandelier or hang curtains. In this case, you can not do without a convenient stepladder, which you can make yourself. However, first it will be necessary to prepare all the materials and tools, as well as deal with the technology of the work.

Materials and tools

If you will make a stepladder out of wood with your own hands, then you will need to stock up on an ordinary hacksaw, which has small teeth - 3 millimeters. You will need a chisel, a pencil, a tape measure, as well as a square. Among other things, you need to find in your arsenal a screwdriver, a sheet of sandpaper, a hammer and drills. As for sandpaper, its grain should be medium. But drills will be needed for woodworking, their diameter should be equal to 3 and 12 millimeters. The length of the working part should be equivalent to 50 millimeters. Self-tapping screws designed for wood should be used as fasteners. You will also need 4 M 10 bolts, the length of which is 120 millimeters. For them, you have to find or purchase four nuts and washers in the amount of 8 pieces. Before a ladder is made of wood with your own hands, you need to prepare chains that will act as clamps. The length of each of them should be equal to 0.5 meters. The links must be made of wire, the thickness of which is equivalent to 1.5-2 millimeters. The length of the link should be approximately 1 centimeter. You will need two such circuits. For fixation, semicircular brackets will be needed, they must be prepared in the amount of four pieces.

Working on design details

If a ladder is made of wood with your own hands, then you have to prepare the crossbars and racks, for this it is recommended to use a pine beam, which is preliminarily dried well. Its cross section should be equal to 40x70 millimeters. Lumber must be even, before purchasing or using what is available, it is imperative to check the surface for knots. The color of the wood should have a yellowish tint, and also not have extraneous dark brown or gray inclusions.

The design will have 2 main parts, among which supports and stairs can be distinguished. They should be connected using hinges made by means of washers and bolts. Racks with crossbars must be reinforced with self-tapping screws, as for the crossbars, they should be sawn down by 30 millimeters, and grooves of 20 millimeters should be made in the racks. In order to prevent weakening of the racks from the cuts made, the crossbars should be greased with glue before installation at the junctions with the racks. Experts advise using PVA. In the absence of such, PVA can be used.

If a ladder is made of wood with your own hands, then the support should be sewn with bars using a method that involves overlapping the elements. To ensure rigidity, each transverse beam should be strengthened to the rack with self-tapping screws, the length of each of which should be equal to 65 millimeters. This figure is the minimum. All components of the wooden structure are recommended to be further strengthened using steel corners.

Carrying out assembly

When a stepladder is made of wood with your own hands, all the details must be carefully processed with sandpaper, and then assembled dry. Such manipulation will make sure that everything is done as required by the technology. Only after that you can proceed to the final assembly of wooden blanks. After completing these manipulations, it is necessary to wait until the glue at the joints dries well. The surface of the structure must be primed with drying oil, and then painted with oil paint. After the top layer has dried, you need to connect the ladder to the support using bolts. Next comes the turn of the fixing chains, which will exclude the divergence in different directions of the stairs. Staples should be used to secure them.

Alternative version of the ladder

Before you make a stepladder out of wood with your own hands, you need to decide what design features this item will have. For example, the design can be made like a stool. At the same time, it will consist of the following parts: a support post, connecting rivers, a seat, and a ladder. If you want to use the dimensions that are recommended by professionals, then the distance between the bowstrings of the stairs should be 48 cm. The step between the support post and the bowstring can be equivalent to 60 centimeters. Moreover, this value is the maximum. The height of the seat will be 60 cm. While its dimensions will be 30x50 cm. For comfortable operation, 3 steps will be enough, which should be located in increments of 20 cm. A distance of 20 must be maintained from the floor surface to the lower step and from the upper step to the seat. cm.

Features of the work

If a stepladder is made of wood with your own hands, the diagram presented in the article will help you do the work. To perform the seat, you will need two base rails and 5 rails that will be located across. After processing the wood, the slats need to be strengthened together. Stepping back 5 cm from the edge on both sides, you need to outline the lines by making a groove with a cutter. This will strengthen the transverse bars on the base rails. This way you will be able to make a seat.

Base part manufacturing

If a garden stepladder is made of wood with your own hands, then at the next stage you can proceed to the supporting part. To do this, you need to use 5 rails, two of which will become guides, the other two will provide a horizontal connection. Whereas the remaining rail will provide strength. Connections should be made with dowels. In the ends for this you need to make holes. The same holes must be made in the racks. As a result, you will be able to get the back of the ladder.

Making stairs

When a ladder is made of wood with your own hands, the drawings should help the master. You can create them yourself. should be fixed at a certain slope, while the steps will be located horizontally. Grooves for the latter should be performed at a certain angle. In order to calculate the angle, you should assemble the structure without steps and rails on the surface. Next, the distance between the support post and the bowstring is set, which is equal to 60 centimeters. When making grooves for steps, they should be made smaller compared to the thickness of the workpiece itself.

A do-it-yourself wooden stepladder is a necessary fixture in the household. Of course, you can buy a ready-made ladder-ladder; manufacturers offer it in a wide range.

But, firstly, it is quite expensive, and secondly, it is not always possible to find the size you need, which is especially important if you have a garden. Making a stepladder with your own hands is not difficult, and anyone can carry out such an event.

Design features

At its core, a do-it-yourself wooden step-ladder is a portable folding wooden ladder that does not need additional support, since it itself, when moving apart, provides support. The stability of the structure, as a rule, is ensured by a triangular shape, which occurs after dilution of the lower part of the main elements, which have a hinged connection at the top. In principle, a stepladder is an ordinary ladder to which a side support is attached.

The main parameters of such a device are the width of the lower part, which provides the necessary stability, and the height of the structure (unfolded and folded). The most important requirements for such a ladder are stability, reliability and mechanical strength, ease of use.

A home-made stepladder is provided with the necessary stability by extending the legs in the lower part, making the ladder itself with an extension downwards and fixing the extended legs in the maximum position. The reliability (strength) of a wooden structure is due to the choice of a sufficiently strong beam, fixing the steps in the grooves, strengthening the steps with metal rods. Finally, for convenience, the do-it-yourself stepladder is equipped with an upper platform, and the step pitch is chosen optimal for climbing.

Ladder construction

Do-it-yourself ladder-ladder can be made of different designs: classic, in the form of an isosceles triangle; telescopic with extension legs to increase the height; prefabricated, from several constituent elements with the same purpose, etc. The greatest application is found by a simple sliding step-ladder, which forms a triangle in the open state (when viewed from the side).

The classic design has the following elements: a staircase with an extension downwards; a support similar to a staircase, but without steps (sometimes a second staircase is used as a support - a double-sided version); top swivel; upper platform (folding); maximum extension lock; reinforcing rods. To make a stepladder with your own hands, the drawings can be used those shown in Fig. 1 (Fig. 1, a drawing of the details of a simple stepladder).

Required Tools

When making a step-ladder made of wood with your own hands, you will need the following tool:

• Bulgarian;
• plane;
• screwdriver;
• hacksaw;
• chisel;
• a hammer;
• electric drill;
• wrenches;
• screwdriver;
• construction knife;
• roulette;
• metal ruler.

The order of manufacture and assembly of the structure

How to make a wooden step ladder with your own hands? First of all, you need to choose a suitable drawing or independently perform it with detailed study. In general, the question of how to make a stepladder is solved in several stages.

Making stairs. The basis of the stairs, made of wood with their own hands, is made up of two side beams 60x60 mm in size and 2 m long each. The steps are made from the same timber. The racks of the stairs are arranged so that there is a distance of 60 cm between them at the bottom, and 40 cm at the top.

Manufacturing begins with making cuts for fastening the steps with a hacksaw and a chisel. The cutting depth is 15-20 mm. Then the steps are successively fixed: first - the lowest, then - the top, after that - intermediate ones. Fastening is carried out with screws or nails. Under each step, reinforcing metal rods with a diameter of 15-20 mm are fixed. In the upper part (on the reverse side with respect to the steps) a jumper from a bar 60x60 or 60x30 mm is attached to install the upper platform.

Base part manufacturing. A wooden ladder necessarily has a support in the form of an element similar to a ladder. For its manufacture, 2 beams of 60x60 cm and a length of 2 m are also used. The beams are fastened with two horizontal bars (at a distance of 30 cm from above and below) and a diagonal beam or board. In the manufacture of the support, it should be borne in mind that the upper part, when articulated, must enter between the bars of the stairs. To do this, the distance between the bars at the top is reduced by two thicknesses of the bar.

Construction assembly. The assembly of the stepladder begins with the combination of the ladder and the support at the top. They must be connected using a steel axle with a diameter of at least 20 mm. It is recommended to reinforce the location of the axis with a metal strip (on the outside of the ladder and on the inside of the support). It is better to install metal bushings in the hole of wooden parts.

This video shows the process of making a small wooden ladder:

On top of the axis between the bars, a wooden platform is installed, made of a bar 25x25 mm or a board 25 mm thick. The platform is fastened to the axle using metal clamps with the possibility of lifting it.

Approximately in the middle part of the stepladder, a clamp for the maximum extension of the legs is attached. You can use a mounting strap.

Such a latch is installed on both sides of the structure. Fastening to the bars must be reliable. It is recommended to cut the lower end of all legs at an angle so that at the maximum extension of the legs the entire area is in contact with the ground (floor).

This video shows the process of making a folding ladder:

A handmade wooden stepladder is a very necessary and useful device in the household. You can make it with your own hands, even without skills in carpentry.

There are many different tools and devices that should be in every home. They help us do our homework more efficiently and quickly, or they can simply make our lives easier. One of these elements is a portable ladder, or as it is more commonly called, a stepladder. This product should be in every home, because despite its simplicity, it helps us in a number of situations when it is necessary to carry out some work at a not very high height, where a person cannot reach without improvised means.

Features and purpose

A stepladder is a rather useful tool for an apartment and especially for a house. But also it will not be superfluous for the kitchen or dressing room, which will allow you to get something from the top shelf or wipe the dust on the roof of some closet. The cost of such a device cannot be called high, but if you need a do-it-yourself stepladder, then you can show your imagination and make a model that you like. Home-made solutions can then be different and have significantly more advanced functionality than models that are sold in the store.

It is logical that the most common option is a ladder made of wood, because it can be built very simply by taking boards or blocks of wood. The main advantages of this option will be ease of assembly and maintenance, as well as ease of transportation. But models made of metal are much more bulky, and it is much more difficult to carry them around a room or garden.

And the manufacture of such an option often requires the use of welding equipment.

Of course, it will be easier to make a ladder out of wood or, say, plywood. Although the latter option may not be very durable, you should be careful here. You can make some kind of combined solution - from a profile pipe, for example, a frame, and steps from a profile, plywood or, in general, from PVC. But here it all depends on the imagination of the person who makes it, as well as on what specific purpose such a ladder has, and where it is going to be used.

Necessary tools and materials

Before starting a conversation about the necessary tools and materials, let's say that the list of necessary things will vary depending on which option it was decided to implement. That is, it may happen that the materials needed to create a wooden version turn out to be completely useless if a steel ladder or stepladder is made of polypropylene elements.

Naturally, we definitely won’t need welding if we decide to make an option made of wood.

If it was decided to make a ladder out of wood, then to implement the idea, we need a hacksaw for working with wood, which will have a tooth thickness of about 3 millimeters. In addition, you need to have a screwdriver, medium-grit emery, drills and a hammer on hand. It should be said that ordinary drills will not work. We need special ones for wood, with a diameter of 3 and 12 millimeters. Their feature is that the length of the part for work will be 0.5 centimeters. Self-tapping screws are used as fasteners and should also be made for wood. You also need 4 bolts of the M10 model, the length of which is 1.2 centimeters.

And also to them, in addition, we need four washers and nuts. Both elements need 8.

Before forming such a thing from wood, special-design chains with a length of at least half a meter should be prepared, which then turn out to be a kind of clamps. Each link should be made of 1.5-2 mm thick wire, and the length of the link itself should be no more than a centimeter. And you will also need 4 semicircular staples to fix the chain.

In the case of a different design, we will need to have on hand:

• a hammer;
• drill;
• measuring tape;
• saw.

In addition, you will need wooden bars and so on. But also when implementing the metal version, you will need:

• metal profile;
• metal pipes;
• rubber pads for steps;
• loops;
• shoes;
• rubber feet;
• Bulgarian;
• welding;
• square;
• electric drill;
• marker;
• hardware fasteners;
• belts;
• tray.

In general, it all depends on what project is being implemented, as well as what material it is planned to make a stepladder from.

And this can be found out when you have such a thing as drawings in your hands.

Drawings and dimensions of parts

It should be said that the drawings, as well as the dimensions of the parts, will depend on what type of ladder is being made, what it will be made of, and what equipment it has. That is, if it is a small ladder with 2 or 3 steps, then it will be one thing. If it is also foldable, other drawings are already needed that provide for this moment. If this is a metal transformer, then this will require a completely different drawing. And if it is also mini, then this should also be provided for in the drawing documentation.

In general, it should be clarified here that all ladders are divided into three categories:

• telescopic;
• universal;
• classic.

Classical are designs where there are steps on both sides. In universal - only on one side. And telescopic ones are the most complex from a technical point of view, but the most convenient. They fold and transform. That is, it is already possible to understand that the drawing for the mentioned structures will be different.

The drawing, in its essence, allows you to streamline and bring together all your desires and requirements for a stepladder. And it is he who will directly affect the size of the parts that will be used.

If we are talking about the drawing of a mini-ladder, then these will be the same parameters. If about the drawing documentation for a wooden universal model, then it is completely different. In general, to summarize, everything will depend on the specific project that was conceived by the person and its implementation in the form of drawing documentation.

How to do?

As you can already see, the preparation for the implementation of the stepladder project should be carried out seriously. Before you directly begin to implement such an idea, you need to have the necessary materials, tools, as well as drawings, where everything will be calculated - from the physical dimensions of the elements to the smallest detail, and also know what we need to make such a device from. Now let's move on to the description of the process of creating this type of stairs.

Preparatory work

If it was decided to create a ladder made of wood, then it is required to carry out some work to prepare the components for assembly before direct assembly. For example, we need a special, especially durable timber, which must be dried well beforehand. After that, it should be cut into certain segments, which then become the crossbars and racks.

If suddenly lumber is taken to create a wooden ladder, then it should be very carefully examined for the absence of defects, chips and breakages of various types. Also color will be important. In no case should it have gray or dark brown inclusions.

And you should also first clean with sandpaper all the details that a person will touch, so as not to drive a splinter in the future.

In addition, before assembly, the parts should be impregnated with an antiseptic so that the structure lasts longer and is not subject to rotting or the damaging effects of atmospheric factors.

Naturally, you should then prepare all the necessary elements.

• We take a bar and cut off 4 parts for a bowstring from it. Two of them will be used in the supporting part of the ladder, and 2 more will be used to support the steps.
• On one pair of bowstrings, it is necessary to make grooves that will have a depth of about 2 centimeters, and a height of about 2.5 centimeters along the beam width. Here it is important to make sure that the center of the groove on the top, located on the right, is at a distance from the top of the bowstring somewhere around 12.5 centimeters. Others should be done every 29 centimeters.
• In the racks that will be the supports of the entire structure, we break through 3 grooves with dimensions similar to jumpers. One will be located at the height of the first step of the structure, the second - on top, and the third - in the center.
• The rack-mounted edges that are at the top are rounded off and any sharp-type corners are completely removed.
• We cut the ends from below so that our wooden structure receives maximum stability, after which we cover them with rubber so that it does not leave marks on the floor under the weight of a person’s mass.
• Now it remains to make steps according to the drawing documentation. In each we make spikes on both sides, which should have a diameter of about 2.5 centimeters and a length of 2 centimeters.

Assembly

Now the actual assembly of the structure begins.

• First, steps must be placed in the rack grooves. Prior to this, the spikes must be treated with carpentry-type glue.
• The spikes of the steps using a hammer should be driven into the rack-mount grooves. After mounting the steps, fasten from the end of the bowstring with nails.
• When assembling stairs from boards, instead of bars, the actions will be slightly different. Grooves should not be made, as the board will have a small thickness. Steps should then be attached to bowstrings using corners made of steel with wide shelves.
• Now the bowstrings of the work area should be fastened using hairpins. This makes it possible to increase the durability and reliability of the structure. We make holes under the grooves, where, after mounting the steps, we put the studs and on both sides we carry out the screed with the help of bolts.
• When the assembly of the work and support areas has been completed, they should be assembled into one structure through hinged hinges, or alternatively, with brackets.
• Now, at the last stage, a fixation chain is attached to the bottom of the ladder, which will not allow the working and supporting parts to diverge very much.

Finishing

It should be said that ladders and ladders made of wood must be finished. Her algorithm will include a number of steps.

• The details that a person picks up should all be sanded with sandpaper. As already mentioned, this is necessary to reduce the risk that a splinter can be driven. And also, both before and after the assembly of the structure, surfaces that have been deformed by mold should be cleaned. Here you can even use special tools.
• In order to improve the characteristics of wood in terms of resisting the effects of various natural and anthropogenic factors, the structure should be impregnated with a special substance - wood stain. It is an antiseptic that will not allow the tree to rot and mold to form. Naturally, this will significantly increase the time of its work.
• When the product is assembled, it is necessary to impregnate it with drying oil, and then cover it with paint or paints and varnishes.
• Of course, what kind of stairs to make and how - everyone decides on their own. But we should not forget that it should not only look aesthetically pleasing, but also be safe, functional and durable.

All photos from the article

Any homeowner, plasterer, painter and gardener invited to work sometimes need an elementary device - a stepladder. Our task is to figure out how to make a ladder out of wood with your own hands.

General principles for the manufacture of wooden ladders

It is a simple and convenient design, including a ladder and a supporting leg. The dimensions of the structure are selected based on the tasks, common sense and ease of use.

Of great importance when raising the question of how to make a stepladder out of wood yourself are the options for fastening the steps.

• Racks, otherwise called stringers or bowstrings, are laid on the ribs, after which the crossbars are attached to them by means of nails or self-tapping screws. As a result, the output is a dilapidated structure that holds a moderately well-fed teenager.
• Grooves are cut in the bowstrings, the structure is connected with all the same details - the ladder becomes more durable due to the redistribution of loads. Such a ladder can withstand a 100-kilogram kid.
• Through grooves are cut in the kosour racks, a rigid structure is assembled - a densely knocked down specialist with a weighty suitcase filled with tools can work on it.

Advice! When making a stepladder, it must be taken into account, because solid or glued beams of alder, oak or ash prepared for further use manifest themselves over time and in different weather conditions in different ways.

A variety of self-made ladders made of wood

Classic design

No matter what the design features and materials of manufacture differ from the factory ladders of well-known manufacturers, there is still nothing better than an ordinary wooden ladder with an emphasis, made by oneself. It is cheaper, more convenient, and, most importantly, more reliable. Below is the instruction for its manufacture, which is preceded by a list of necessary materials.

Specification

1. With the help of a circular saw, the boards, the price of which, by the way, is quite democratic in any region of the country, are divided in half in the longitudinal direction, after which the resulting parts are processed with a planer and sandpaper. Then they are sawn crosswise into blanks for racks, the length of which is 2.77 and 3.00 m.. Crossbars of different lengths are cut from smaller bars for future steps: 0.66, 0.63, 0.60, 0.54, 0.52, 0.49, 0.46 m and additionally 2 crossbars, which will be the emphasis of the structure .

Do-it-yourself wooden ladder drawings - one of the simplest solutions

1. On the surfaces of long ladder racks, grooves of 25x35 mm in size are drawn from the wider side - it is after the material is selected from the given contours that the steps will be inserted into them. The geometric center of the first figure is located at a distance of 0.20 m from the upper end of the beam: each subsequent one, starting from the indicated one, is located in increments of 0.33 m downwards. On the stop bars of the ladder, the same contours of the grooves are outlined - from the top down at a distance of 25 mm and 0.83 m.
2. From this point, as a rule, no one asks the question - how to make a stepladder out of wood, not before - with the help of a hammer, a chisel is hollowed out along the outlined contours, while the walls of the opening must be absolutely even.
3. On the bars prepared for steps and having the smallest and longest lengths, the contours of future spikes 60 mm long are drawn. It is along the serifs from 4 sides that a hacksaw makes shallow transverse cuts deep into the body of the workpieces. Then the same manipulations are performed from the ends in the longitudinal direction to the connection of the tie-ins and the formation of spikes, which, if necessary, are adjusted with a knife.
4. The upper and lower steps are inserted into the cut out openings of the racks, after which they are only tacked with short nails with the prospect of easy dismantling. Then the planks are numbered, their sides are marked for ease of future installation, and spikes are cut out on all other steps according to the previous pattern. The future home-made stepladder made of wood with a pencil is again marked in key places for the same purpose - for ease of assembly.
5. 2 fixing bars are inserted into the grooves on the structure stop, while the connection must be tight - without slots, and the steps are driven into the racks with a mallet with springy blows. Carnations are removed from the extreme steps with pliers, after which the preliminary assembly of the stairs is performed. In carrying out this work, one must skillfully and in the right places tap with a wood hammer, while not forgetting to use a knife for fine adjustment.

1. The staircase is again disassembled, painted, but the sections with the numbering and marking of the sides, which is natural, are left untouched at the moment. After this procedure, the stepladder remains at rest for a while until the paint dries.
2. Through holes with a diameter of 7 mm are made in the racks of the ladder and the stop to fix the steps.
3. Pegs 7.0x1.0 cm in size are roughly cut from improvised wood material with a hammer and a knife or an ax, from which dowels with a diameter of 8 mm are cut. These homemade wooden parts are smeared with glue - carpentry or PVA - and driven into the mounting holes. After the glue has set, the protruding ends of the dowels and steps are cut off with a hacksaw.

1. The corners and plates are screwed to the upper parts of the ladder and the stop, respectively, after which they are connected with bolts.. It remains to repaint in due time the reasonably missed sections of the stepladder.

Transforming chair

Sometimes in the house you need to change a burned-out light bulb or get to the top compartment of the closet. In this case, using the usual high stepladder will, you see, be rather inconvenient.

To perform simple work at a low height, a stepladder is made - a do-it-yourself wooden chair that has a multifunctional purpose.

1. To perform the work you will need: boards (board) or plywood 20 mm thick, paintwork material, electric jigsaw, drill, screwdriver, sandpaper, mallet, brush, PVA glue, self-tapping screws, wood dowels, hinges. According to pre-created paper patterns, blanks are cut from a board or plywood, in which holes are made for dowels or grooves, spikes and notches are cut. Surfaces are polished and impregnated with compositions with moisture-proof properties.
2. Glue is applied to wood dowels - carpentry or PVA, after which they are hammered into ready-made holes on the back, seat and steps with the help of a mallet. Self-tapping screws are used to strengthen the structure. Loops are installed and fixed in pre-made recesses.
3. The surfaces of the ladder are re-sanded, especially in the places of re-treatment, and then coated with stain and varnish or drying oil and paint.

Another home-made design - a children's stepladder-podium

Advice! In order not to damage the clothes, the heads of the self-tapping screws must be completely drowned in the pre-counterbored holes.

conclusions

As part of the article, we examined several of the simplest and most affordable structures for manufacturing. Having creatively processed them, you can get arbitrarily beautiful and exclusive products.

In the presented video in this article you will find additional information on this topic. Good luck!