In this article, we will tell you how you can make a popular building material called liquid wood with your own hands, and also describe all its advantages.
Any home craftsman knows that wood products are afraid of the negative effects of various operational factors, which reduces their service life. At the same time, the tree is loved by many people and professional builders. It is environmentally friendly, looks great, charges a person with positive energy, and has many other advantages.
liquid wood product
For these reasons, experts have been trying for a long time to come up with a substitute for natural wood, which would visually and in physical properties be no different from wood, surpassing the latter in its quality and resistance to the influence of natural phenomena. The research has been successful. The modern chemical industry has been able to create a unique material - liquid artificial wood. It literally broke into the construction markets around the world. Now such a tree is sold under the abbreviation WPC (wood-polymer composite). The material we are interested in is made of the following components:
- The shredded wood base is, in fact, the waste of natural wood processing. In one or another composite they can contain from 40 to 80%.
- Thermoplastic chemical polymers - polyvinyl chlorides, polypropylenes and so on. With their help, the wood base is assembled into a single composition.
- Additives called additives. These include colorants (color the material in the desired shade), lubricators (increase resistance to moisture), biocides (protect products from mold and insect pests), modifiers (retain the shape of the composite and ensure its high strength), foaming agents (allow to reduce the weight of WPC ).
These components are mixed in certain proportions, heated strongly (until the composition becomes liquid), the mixture is polymerized, and then it is fed into special molds under high pressure and cooled. As a result of all these actions, a composition is obtained that has flexibility and excellent corrosion resistance, elasticity and impact resistance. And most importantly - WPC has a magical aroma of natural wood, as well as a color and texture identical to real wood.
We hope that from our short review you have understood how liquid wood is produced and figured out what it is. The described wood-polymer products are characterized by a number of operational advantages. Here are the main ones below:
- increased resistance to mechanical damage;
- resistance to temperature changes (products made of WPC can be operated both at +150 ° С and at -50 °);
- high moisture resistance;
- ease of self-processing and installation (for these purposes, a tool is used that works with natural wood);
- long service life (at least 25-30 years);
- a large selection of colors;
- resistance to fungus;
- ease of maintenance (the composite is easy to clean, it can be scraped, varnished, painted in any color).
wood plastic decoration
An important advantage of wood plastic is that it has a very affordable cost. This is achieved through the use of secondary processing products (shredded plywood, sawdust, shavings) in the production of WPC. It is difficult to find shortcomings in the material we are considering, but they exist. And how without it? There are only two disadvantages of wood plastic. Firstly, when using it in living rooms, it is necessary to equip high-quality ventilation. Secondly, WPC is not recommended for use in cases where high humidity and high air temperature are constantly and simultaneously present in the room.
The special characteristics of a composite of wood and plastic make it possible to manufacture various building products from it. This material is used for the production of outdoor siding, smooth, hollow, corrugated and solid decking (in other words, decking). Chic balustrades, artsy railings, reliable fences, luxurious gazebos and many other structures are made from WPC. Wood plastic will allow you to luxuriously equip the interiors in your living space and make your suburban area truly beautiful.
The cost of the described composite depends on which polymer is used for its manufacture. If the manufacturer makes WPC from polyethylene raw materials, the price of the finished product will be minimal. But it is worth noting that such products are not resistant to ultraviolet radiation. But polyvinyl chloride polymers give wood plastic high resistance to fire and UV rays, and also make it very durable. Products from WPC (in particular, decking) are usually divided into seamless and with seams. The first are mounted without clamps, screws and other hardware. Such boards simply interlock with each other, forming a solid solid surface.
wood plastic material
But for the installation of products with seams, it is necessary to use plastic or metal fasteners (most often clamps act as such). WPC boards or boards can be hollow or solid. For arranging the verandas of private houses, it is better to use products with voids. They are lightweight and very easy to work with. Full-bodied wood-plastic, which is able to withstand significant loads, is more suitable for laying in public places (embankments, summer restaurants and bars, ship decks), where there is a high traffic of people.
When choosing boards from WPC, pay attention to the thickness of their walls (it should be at least 4-5 mm), the height of the stiffeners (the higher they are, the more reliable the products will be in operation) and their number (the more ribs, the stronger it turns out design).
You should also choose the width of composite panels and boards wisely. There is one point to be understood here. H The wider products you buy, the easier it will be for you to work with them, because for the installation of such boards you will need significantly less fasteners . Some more helpful tips for you. Check with the sellers from which sawdust the WPC was made. If the manufacturer used softwood for these purposes, it is better to look for another material. Why? For the reason that coniferous-based composites are considered fire hazardous. And the strength characteristics of such products leave much to be desired. WPC based on deciduous tree processing wastes do not have these drawbacks.
In cases where light streaks or areas are clearly visible on composite panels (boards, slabs), the operational reliability of the products will be low. Most likely, the manufacturer used low-quality wood flour, and, moreover, poorly ground. Such panels, as a rule, have a low water resistance index. They cannot be used outdoors. The presence of a non-uniform color on its surface (stains, clearly visible transitions of shades) also speaks of the insufficient quality of the WPC.
And now the most interesting. If you wish, you can easily make a worthy analogue of the WPC at home. Homemade wood plastic is made from sawdust and ordinary PVA glue and is used to restore parquet boards, repair laminate flooring, and restore other wooden coverings. It can also be used for the manufacture of rough flooring for floors in gazebos and in auxiliary premises.
Composite material from sawdust and glue
WPC is done by hand according to the following scheme:
- Grind sawdust in a coffee grinder or hand grinder to a fine powder.
- Add PVA glue to the crushed sawdust (proportions - 30 to 70%) and mix these components until you get a mixture with a paste consistency.
- Pour the dye into the composition made (it is recommended to use additives used for ordinary water-based paint). Mix everything again.
So you made a homemade wood-plastic! Feel free to fill holes in wooden floors with this composition. After the WPC has hardened, the restored area will only need to be sanded using fine-grained emery. A do-it-yourself composition can also be used to equip new floors. Collect, make homemade WPC in the right quantities and fill it with a formwork structure. The thickness of homemade boards in this case should be at least 5 cm. Go for it!
Unfortunately, plastic known to all of us and so widespread all over the world contains substances harmful to human health. Moreover, oil products are used in its production. However, until recently, there was virtually no alternative to this cheap material. Of course, new construction materials appear constantly. These are plywood, chipboard and wood fiber boards. There are also novelties in the concrete industry, metallurgy, and the glass industry. Nevertheless, in terms of cost, and, therefore, accessibility, they are still far from plastic.
At the beginning of the new millennium, scientists managed to create a fundamentally new structural material, which in the coming decades can almost completely replace the usual plastic. it thermoplastic wood-polymer composite(DPKT or DPK), and in the common people - "liquid tree". In its production, primary (secondary) raw materials PP, PE or PVC are used, plus wood additives (wood flour, other vegetable fibers) and auxiliary additives. The effect exceeded all expectations. The latest material is not only environmentally friendly (sulfur content reduced by 90%), but also, combining the best properties of wood and plastic, has maintained a relatively low cost.
According to experts, the annual growth in WPC sales in the world is about 20%. So what is this miracle that architects, designers and production workers have been waiting for so long? Let's try to figure it out.
Application and processing
Due to its properties, the wood-polymer composite is excellently used in a wide variety of areas. The materials are distinguished by uniformity and smoothness of the surface, plasticity, resistance to atmospheric and biological influences, and the service life even in harsh outdoor conditions reaches 50 years.
All this makes it possible to use WPC in the production of various architectural and building materials: skirting boards, lining, window sills, profiles, decorative elements, as well as fillers.
Ready-to-use products are also made from WPC: laminate, floor coverings, furniture sheets, furniture, cable boxes, multi-chamber window profiles and even decking - a profile for the manufacture of berths and piers.
The physical and mechanical properties of the wood-polymer composite provide ample opportunities for its processing. Material does not lose its shape and strength, taking in itself up to 4% moisture. Lightweight, hollow things can be made from it. It is mounted both with the help of nails and screws, and on special latches.
And yet, WPC can be veneered with veneer, laminated with films and sheet plastics, painted with any paints and varnishes, various decorative effects can be obtained by adding pigments to the composition, etc.
Products obtained from WPC are easily machined. They are easily sawn, drilled, cut, glued, welded to each other, bent (after preheating with a torch), and if soft wood flour or cellulose-containing waste is added to the material, this gives the product more plasticity.
Finally, WPC, in addition to the aesthetics that its appearance gives it, is also pleasant for the sense of smell, having a slight woody smell.
Production technology
A number of components are used to make a wood-polymer composite. First of all, it is, of course, crushed wood or cellulose-containing raw materials. That is, it can be not only wood, but also corn, rice, soybeans, straw, paper, sawdust, etc. The second main component of WPC is synthetic binders. These include: polyethylene, PVC propylene, etc. The remaining components are additional additives, the composition of which varies depending on the purpose of the future product. The most common include: dyes, pigments, antioxidants, shock modifiers, light and heat stabilizers, flame retardants and antiseptics to protect against fire and decay, hydrophobic additives to resist moisture, foaming agents to reduce the density of WPC.
Volume of wood particles in the material can be from 30 to 70%, and their size is from 0.7 to 1.5 mm. Fine fractions are used in the production of finished profiles that do not require additional surface treatment. Medium ones are suitable for painting or veneering. Rough - for technical purposes.
Volume of synthetic binders x also varies and can range from 2 to 55%. Again, it depends on the purpose of the future product. As for additional additives, their volume in the material does not exceed 15%.
By the way, not so long ago, German developers managed to make "liquid wood" of perfect quality. The specialists of the Fraunhofer Institute created it from lignin. This material is obtained from wood. DPK called Arboform is absolutely non-toxic product. Moreover, if a conventional wood-polymer composite can be recycled 3-4 times, then this one can be recycled up to 10 times. Why are we doing this? The fact is that in China the industry for the production of WPC is growing like nowhere else in the world. And, if in Europe and the USA the created materials undergo a series of tests, then in the Celestial Empire they do not bother themselves with this and supply the market, including the international one, with a product of not the best quality.
Now about WPC production equipment. Its standard structure includes: twin screw extruder, molding die, calibration and cooling table, pulling device, cut-off device along the length, division along the width (if necessary) and stacker. The entire line is compact and usually fully automated. In the configuration of some models there are also: a mill (chopper of raw materials), an autoloader of raw materials, and a mixer. 
The manufacturers of such lines and modules are mainly Chinese companies. The leaders among them are WPC, Zhangjiagang City Boxin Machinery, etc. The quality of the equipment is of a decent level, especially since the main components for them are produced by European engineering plants.
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Description:
Type - crafting ingredient; Where to look - do it yourself; Stackable - yes, 64 per stack. Description and features. Now you know not only how to make a composite in minecraft, but also all crafting where it is involved as an ingredient, therefore IndustrialCraft 2 Composite - Minecraft Wiki minecraft Industrial Craft 2 Composite Composite Type Materials Durability No Stackable Yes64 First appearance. -Minecraft Knowledge Base -Industrial Craft 2 Composite. How to make a composite in minecraft mir minecraft How to craft a composite in minecraft? How to craft a composite in minecraft? Minecraft 1.8.8 update review - what's new in minecraft 1.8.8? How to make a saddle in minecraft 1.8.8? Industrial Craft 2 Composite in Minecraft Minecraft Forum How to make a composite in minecraft. Composite in minecraft can be obtained while compressing composite ingots using a compressor. How to make a composite in minecraft allin minecraft A composite is an item added by the IndustrialCraft² mod. It is made by compressing composite ingots in a compressor. Used in the crafting of many high-tech and durable blocks and items. Industrial Craft 2 Composite - Minecraft Wiki m craft Forum for gamers and cheaters: cheats, mods, guides. World of Tanks, Warface, Armored Recommend a game similar to Trove or Minecraft 3 posts January 19, 2016 What is a wipe in a minecraft server? What is wipe 2 posts January 19, 2016 How to make bronze and composite! How to make a composite in minecraft? We make nano armor, jet packelectro and nano saber - ProFIT31ru. How to make an iridium composite factory in minecraft ic2+bc3 - GameCity. How to make a bib in Minecraft How to make a bib in Minecraft Minecraft in its classic incarnation is a "miner's" game, where one of the most important tasks is the extraction of a variety of other four places will be occupied by iridium composite plates. How to make a composite in minecraft? - Craft in Minecraft az minecraft Composite is an item added by the Industrial Craft ² mod. It is made by compressing composite ingots in a compressor. Used in the crafting of many high-tech and durable blocks and items. how to make a composite in minecraft - 14
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Designed for the production of simple parts used for domestic needs, and elements of complex machines and mechanisms. In particular, the durable and lightweight material is used for the manufacture of yacht hulls, body kits for cars and motorcycles, and aircraft skins.
Fiberglass consists of a reinforcing element, fiberglass, and a filler, polymer resin. Fiberglass is a collection of fibers ordered in a special way, impregnated with epoxy resin. Depending on the thickness, the material can have a weight of 300 to 900 grams per square meter.
Hand molding method
In modern industrial production, various fiberglass manufacturing technologies are used.
To create fiberglass parts with your own hands, the most suitable method is manual molding. The production technology does not provide for the use of complex equipment and expensive materials.
In order to make fiberglass with your own hands by hand molding, you must sequentially perform the following stages of work:
- choice of materials;
- cutting fiberglass;
- creation of a separating layer in the matrix;
- creation of a covering layer;
- laying fiberglass in the matrix;
- applying a polymer composition;
- repetition of the two previous stages the required number of times (depending on the thickness of the product);
- drying of the product;
- removing the product from the mold;
- final processing (if necessary).
The main feature of the manual molding method is a high degree of dependence of the quality of the finished part on the skill level of the performer. In order to get the most complete picture of DIY manufacturing, you need to consider each of the stages in detail.
Material selection
The type of matrix material is adopted depending on the number of mass-produced parts. For one-time molding, the matrix can be made of gypsum. If more than a thousand samples are required, a steel matrix is ordered. At home, the matrix is often a cast from the original model. It is most convenient to make an impression also from fiberglass using the technology described above.
The choice of fiberglass type depends on the requirements for the strength and aesthetic characteristics of the finished product. A fine-grained fabric will give the surface a smooth, glossy look, while the use of a coarse fiberglass fabric will provide high strength.
The composition of the polymer resin is also determined based on the purpose and operating conditions of the part. The polymer filler is responsible for such technical characteristics of fiberglass as:
- product color;
- degree of water resistance;
- Operating temperature range;
- susceptibility to the influence of chemical reagents and environments;
- susceptibility to ultraviolet radiation;
- the level of fragility, softness, impact resistance of the product.
Fiberglass preparation
Cutting of fiberglass is performed according to a template made of thick cardboard according to the size of the matrix. If the product has a complex shape, it is allowed, as an exception, to use a glass fabric cutting consisting of several separate elements.
Depending on the thickness of the part is prepared the required number of layers of material, which are stored in a convenient, easily accessible place, in the order of their molding in the matrix. If a break of several days is provided between the processes of cutting glass fabric and molding products, it is necessary to strictly observe the conditions for storing the material.
Separating layer
The separating layer applied to the surface of the matrix mold serves to ensure the safe removal of the finished product after it has gained strength. As the material from which the separating layer is made, gel or auto wax is often used.
Cover layer
Epoxy or polyester resin is used for laying the top and subsequent layers of fiberglass. The components are mixed and infused according to the technological regulations of the manufacturer. The prepared composition must be used within 15 minutes, and therefore, for each subsequent layer, the resin is prepared anew.
The top layer is the first layer placed in the matrix and, at the same time, the top, protective layer of the product. Its thickness should be no more than 0.4 mm in order to avoid cracking during the drying process. The drying process of the top layer lasts until it turns into a gelatinous sticky mass.
Fiberglass laying and resin impregnation
After reaching the required consistency of the top layer, the fiberglass cutting is laid in the form of a matrix. The first layer of fiberglass is the thinnest (300 g/m2), which ensures the smoothest surface of the product.
Fiberglass must exactly repeat all the bends in the shape of the matrix without delamination and the formation of air pockets.
After laying, a layer of polymer resin is applied to the fiberglass, and the resulting shape is rolled with a special roller in order to better impregnate and extrude air bubbles. The next layer of fiberglass is laid without waiting for the resin to dry. Then the process of preparing and applying the polymer composition is repeated.
Depending on the thickness and required strength of the product, a different number of layers of fiberglass and impregnation is molded. As the last layer, glass felt or a thin finishing glass cloth is used.
Demoulding and finishing
It is necessary to remove the product from the matrix after the material has gained strength in order to avoid its deformation and delamination. Under normal conditions, the drying time of fiberglass is from 12 to 24 hours. This time can be reduced by heating the matrix with an infrared emitter, or by placing it in a drying chamber.
Finishing includes trimming and sanding the edges of the product.
If necessary, the product can be painted in the desired color with paint on the base. Finished materials can be glued together using polymer adhesives.
Work performance rules
For getting quality fiberglass products when performing work, the following must be taken into account:
- the surfaces of the matrix and containers for the preparation of polymer resin must be clean;
- air bubbles that could not be squeezed out with a roller must be removed with a cut with a blade;
- tools used (rollers, brushes), as well as containers for mixing components, should be washed with acetone immediately after use to remove resin residues;
- the temperature in the working room should not be lower than 20 degrees to maintain the correct technology for the resin polymerization process;
- polymer components may have toxic fumes, so work must be done in a well-ventilated area;
- gloves should be used to protect hands;
- It is forbidden to smoke and use open sources of flame in the room.
It explains well how to make fiberglass with your own hands in the video below. As an example, the author of the video makes "cilia" for car headlights.
