In the last weeks of winter, spectacular flowering plants appear on sale, which are called primrose. Their flowers can be painted in a variety of colors, and they are located in the middle of a rosette of green leaves, which cannot but please with their spring freshness.
A plant such as primrose (Primula), which is also called primrose, is directly related to the primrose family (Primulaceae). Such a plant is herbaceous and in the wild it can be found in temperate regions, for example, in Europe, North America, Asia, and also China. This genus unites more than 500 plant species, among which there are both perennial and annual.
The leaves of this plant are collected in a basal rosette. They are covered with a small pile or wrinkled, as well as heart-shaped, and they are located on long petioles with serrated edges.
Primrose flowers can be painted in a variety of color shades. Flowers are either collected in umbellate or racemose inflorescences, or are solitary. This plant blooms for a long time.
Primula is grown as a garden plant, and flowers appear on it at the very beginning of spring, which is why they are also called primroses. This plant is medicinal and has long been used for the preparation of various medicinal products. So, tea made from flowers is drunk in order to strengthen the nervous system. They also make soothing and diaphoretic decoctions. And in the spring, salads are prepared from young primrose leaves. And that's all, because only 1 leaf of this flower is able to saturate the body with the daily norm of vitamin C.
You should also be aware that there are indoor species of such a plant that can cause allergies (most often it is obconica). When working with such primroses, flower growers notice that irritation or a rash appears on their hands. In this regard, these flowers are recommended to be placed in a place inaccessible to small children.
At home, perennial primrose obconica is often grown, as well as a large number of different hybrids of garden primrose.
Such a herbaceous plant as primrose obconica is a perennial and has leaves with a pubescent surface. The leaves, whose length can reach 10 centimeters, have a rounded shape and wavy edges, they are located on long petioles. Flowers collected in umbrella inflorescences are painted in pink, blue, white, red or purple.
In room conditions, garden primrose is grown as a forcing plant, and often they are found on sale at the very end of the winter period. Such garden hybrids practically do not cause an allergic reaction. When the plant has faded, it can be planted in open ground. Most of these species successfully winter at home and bloom for several years.
This is a fairly undemanding indoor plant. It is recommended to place it in a well-lit place, and also not to fill it heavily so that rot does not form.
Temperature regime
It is recommended to keep in a cool room. So, when the plant blooms, it needs a temperature of about 12-15 degrees. Primrose obconica prefers higher temperatures (16-20 degrees). After it has faded, it is moved to a cool room or transplanted into open ground, while choosing a shaded place. In the last weeks of summer, primrose obconica must be moved into the room.
Prefers diffused light. The scorching sun's rays can harm this flower.
Humidity
There are no special requirements for air humidity. However, if it is too low, then in some types of primrose, the edges of the leaves begin to dry. Systematic spraying of foliage is recommended, and soft water should be used for this.
When the plant blooms, it is watered quite often, since the earth must be slightly moistened all the time. But it should be noted that it is not necessary to fill it, as this can lead to the formation of rot on the roots. When flowering ends, the plant is watered sparingly. Soft water is used for irrigation.
top dressing
You need to start feeding the primrose only after the buds form. To do this, use a weak solution of complex fertilizer with trace elements. Feed the plant until the end of the flowering period 2 times a month. It is not recommended to fertilize before the appearance of buds, since only foliage will grow intensively.
Transfer
After the garden primroses have faded, they are transplanted into open ground. Those plants that remained in the house must also be transplanted and at the same time their daughter outlets must be separated.
Earthmixture
For planting, an earth mixture is suitable, consisting of leaf and peat soil, as well as sand taken in equal proportions. Primrose obconica requires the addition of 1 share of turf land. Don't forget a good drainage layer.
Primula can be propagated by seeds, as well as by dividing the bush, which is produced during plant transplantation.
Seeds are usually obtained using artificial pollination. Sowing is carried out in June or July and a wide, low capacity is chosen for this. Seeds should be sprinkled with a thin layer of light moistened earth (about 2 mm thick). Then they are covered with glass or film. The seed container should be kept in a shaded place where the temperature will be between 15 and 18 degrees. After a couple of weeks, the first shoots should appear.
You can also propagate primrose and division. To do this, in the spring, you need to separate the side shoots and plant them in a box filled with sand. From above they should be covered with a film of polyethylene or a glass jar. When they take root, you need to transplant in separate pots. An adult primrose is recommended to be overlaid with moistened moss in the spring, after a while layering should appear. When they develop roots, these cuttings should be transplanted into separate pots.
For distillation, as a rule, they take a two-year-old bush or an older divided plant. The flower must be dug up just before the frost, while it must be taken with a large lump of soil. Primrose can be planted immediately in a flower pot or put in a box for storage. For storage, the plants are placed in a greenhouse, closed for the winter period with frames and dry foliage, or in the basement. The temperature there should be about 4-8 degrees. If it is warmer or lighter, then only foliage will grow intensively. In this case, the development of buds will be slow or completely absent. Plants do not need to be watered.
In the last weeks of January, the first - February, you need to put the primrose in a bright room, where the temperature will not exceed 18 degrees. In this case, watering should be resumed gradually. There are species that begin to bloom in February, on others flowers appear in March or April. To prolong flowering, it is necessary to place the primrose in a room with a temperature not higher than 10-15 degrees.
After the end of flowering, these plants are not thrown out. They are placed in a bright, cool place and provide moderate watering. In the spring they are transplanted into the garden. After 2 or 3 years, these primroses can again be divided and used for distillation.
Video review
Primula is one of the first spring flowers. Her beauty and tenderness will not leave anyone indifferent. Knowledge of the intricacies of home care allows you to grow primrose for many years.
Description
Houseplant primrose belongs to the Primrose family and has a hundred species. The flower also grows in nature. The area of growth is quite wide. This is Europe, and the north of Africa, and the Central part of Asia.
Primrose is a rather low plant. The height of the bushes usually varies from 25 to 30 cm. First of all, a shock of bright multi-colored five-petal flowers is remembered. Their color can be yellow, blue, pink, lilac, white, and blue. Flowers lie on green rosettes.
The flowering period is winter and spring. Speaking about the life span of a plant, there are annuals and perennials. It is better to choose a perennial primrose for flower beds and flower beds, and for a house it is better to stop at annual varieties.
The difference between a flower and other flowering houseplants is:
- fibrous root system;
- rosette of basal leaves;
- shape and color of flowers.
The leaves may have different shapes. They are located on elongated petioles. The average leaf diameter is 5-6 m. The surface of the leaves is fleecy.
As can be seen in the photo of room primrose, flowers can be either single or collected in umbellate or racemose inflorescences.
Primrose reverse conical
Character traits:
- compact dimensions (height up to 20 cm);
- long flowering time (2 times a year);
- abundance of flowering (up to 10 flowers in the inflorescence, the flowers are large, of different shades).
Chinese primrose
Character traits:
- the presence of a yellow "eye" on the corolla;
- rich green leaves with a serrated edge;
- growing period up to 2 years;
- easily tolerates a transplant;
- quite high (up to 35 cm);
- the possibility of allergies;
- the flowers are large, can be of different shapes - from pink to double clove.
Location and temperature
The rules for the care and cultivation of primrose are quite simple. The plant tolerates cold and poorly bright sunlight. Therefore, it is better to put a pot with it on the north or west window. If this is not possible, then the flower is placed on the eastern windowsill and shaded.
As for the temperature regime, it is desirable to maintain a temperature of 12 - 16 ° C. In warmer climates, the flowers begin to wilt and fall off. Try to avoid temperature fluctuations during the flowering period. 
Humidity
Air humidity is a point that should be given special attention. In order for the primrose to grow and develop normally, the air in the room must be humid. The space around the flower should be regularly sprayed with water from a spray bottle.
soil mixture
The plant prefers light, permeable, slightly acidic soil. The optimal composition of the soil is turf, peat, leafy soil and sand in proportions of 2 to 2 to 2 to 1. It is allowed to use a ready-made mixture for plants of the geranium family.
Transplant Features
Most often, primrose is acquired during its flowering period. A flower should be transplanted after it finishes blooming. If the plant is an annual, then they get rid of it or divide it into daughter sockets, each of which is planted in separate pots.
It is better to choose a wide container for primroses. Its volume should correspond to the volume of the root system of plants. Pots must first be disinfected - this will help to avoid many problems with the roots.
A drainage layer of expanded clay or crushed stone is required. The transfer process is as follows:
- Fall asleep drainage.
- The next layer is soil. They fill 2/3 of the pot.
- Water thoroughly.
- A plant is planted and the earth is filled up to the edge of the container.
The flower needs constantly moist soil. Do not allow it to dry out - the plant may die.
If you love bright colors in the interior, then potted primrose flowers, these golden keys from spring, are a wonderful choice. Juicy shades of flowers will cheer you up every day and delight the eye with their beauty.
Photo of room primrose
Indoor primrose has long won the sympathy of lovers of indoor plants. It is distinguished by unpretentiousness in care, its beauty and shades of flowers. By itself, primrose in height can reach 25 centimeters.
The root system is fibrous, the leaves are rosette, about 7 cm in diameter. Primrose blooms twice a year - in spring and winter.
They are both perennial and annual. For growing indoors, annual primroses are best suited.
At home, it is best to grow obkonika or Chinese primrose.
Did you know? Primrose belongs to the primrose family, which includes more than 1000 plants. In nature, primrose grows in temperate latitudes, mainly in Europe, China, North America and Asian countries.
The main varieties of indoor primroses
Room primrose differs from garden features of care. Garden is more resistant to cold than indoor.
In order to answer the question: "Is it possible to plant indoor primrose on the street?" - you need to understand the varieties and types of primrose. After all, there are hybrid species that can be grown both in the garden and on the windowsill.
- this is one of the most common species of this plant. Inflorescences consist of 10-20 flowers, leaves are light green in color, grows up to 30 cm in height. Varieties of soft primrose:
- Mars- purple inflorescences;
- White pearls- white flowers with pearl tints;
- Juliet mixed- double coloration of flowers from lilac to pastel. Differ in terry flowers;
- Enchantment- bright blue inflorescences;
- The Snow Queen- White flowers.
belongs to the Chinese family. Differs in the big sizes of flowers. This perennial plant reaches a height of 20 cm. It can bloom all the time with good care.
A popular variety of reverse conical primrose - Twilly touch me. Its flowers are lilac, purple, lavender.
Important!It is known that some varieties of the reverse-conical primrose cause allergies.
is a hybrid species. Such a primrose can be grown in the garden and at home on the windowsill. This species blooms from April to July and has many varieties. Some of the most popular are:
- Sphinx Apricot- flowers with bright orange color, which turns into reddish;
- Sphinx F1 neon Rose- crimson color of flowers;
- Eclipse Violet with Rim- lilac flowers with a golden border.
In addition to the species listed above, there are also chinese primrose(white, pink, red flowers and wavy edges) and primrose qew(with small yellow flowers).
So that the primrose does not get sick and blooms, you need to know how to care for the primrose at home. Features of caring for primrose are as follows: competent choice of a place for a plant, proper watering, lighting and temperature conditions, top dressing and watering. If everything is done correctly, the primrose will thank you with beautiful flowers and decorate your home.
Lighting and temperature conditions
Primrose loves warmth and sunshine. But the rays should not be straight, as they are detrimental to the delicate leaves of the primrose.
It is best to put the plant on special shelves or window sills on the west or east side. Then the sun will illuminate the primrose, but in limited quantities.
Temperature regime for primrose should be supported as follows:
- Spring-autumn - from +18 to +20°С;
- Winter - from +16 to +18°С;
- During flowering - from +16 to +20°C.
If you observe the correct temperature regime and proper lighting, the primrose will bloom longer and more abundantly.
And if you had to think about why the leaves of room primrose turn yellow, then you should pay attention to poor lighting or too warm air in the place where the plant stands.
flower substrate
The substrate for primrose can be purchased ready-made, for the Primrose family, or you can cook it yourself. In order to prepare the land for primrose, you should adhere to the proportions: leafy ground, sand, peat - 1:1:1.
Be sure to take care of drainage so that the roots of the plant do not rot.
Watering and fertilizing the soil
Primrose can be fed with weak mineral solutions with trace elements. This is best done during flowering, fertilizing once every two weeks.
If you add fertilizer before flowering, then only the leaves will grow. During the dormant period, it is better not to feed the primrose, since it does not particularly need it.
Fans of indoor primroses often ask themselves: "How to water the indoor primrose?" During flowering, the plant needs abundant watering.
Make sure that the earth does not dry out too much, but you do not need to fill it, as the roots may begin to rot.
Water should be soft and at room temperature. Do not pour water directly from the tap, let it settle.
Important! Make sure that water does not fall on the primrose leaves during watering. This can cause them to start to rot.
Plant transplant
For growth and stimulation of flowering, the primrose needs to be transplanted. To do this, you should adhere to the technology of how to transplant a primrose. Young plants are transplanted once a year, adults - once every two to three years.
For a proper transplant you need:
- Pick the right pot. The new container should be wider than the previous one.
- Soil and drainage should be selected specifically for primrose.
- When transplanting, the socket should be on the surface.
- The land needs to be completely replaced.
When transplanting, be careful not to injure the fragile root system. Primrose is transplanted in the fall, around the end of September. Between transplants, the soil around the plant needs to be updated from time to time.
Forcing primrose
If you want to drive out the primrose, it is worth using seedlings about two years old.
They need to be planted in pots or special containers along with a clod of earth. Flowers should be in a cool room, such as a greenhouse. Forcing should be done before the onset of frost.
Primroses are easy to care for. Follow the temperature regime (+5 ... + 8 ° С), you do not need to water the plants. In February, plants should be moved to a lighted place with a temperature of + 8 ° C. From now on, start watering the primroses. Plants with proper care will bloom in mid-February.
Did you know? Gardeners often forcing primroses by March 8th. On the spring holiday, primrose flowers today, along with the famous tulips and mimosas, are given to women.
Reproduction of primroses at home
Reproduction of primrose occurs in two ways: by dividing the bush or by seeds. Both the first and second methods are not complicated and are not particularly time-consuming.
In order to obtain seeds, the primrose is artificially pollinated. Sow seeds in the summer in shallow, but wide containers or containers. After the seeds have been sown, they must be covered with a film or glass.
In order for the primrose to sprout, it is necessary to provide it with the desired temperature regime - this is + 16 ... + 17 ° С. With proper planting, shoots will be in 2 weeks.
Primula is a herbaceous plant of the Primulaceae family. which is native to China. The plant is widely cultivated outdoors and as a potted plant grown indoors.
The species combines low (25-30 cm) plants with a compact rosette of whole wrinkled leaves covered with small villi. In early spring, immediately after the snow melts, at the ends of the leafless shoots of the primrose, single buds or buds collected in racemose or umbellate inflorescences develop. Each is formed by 5 petals fused at the base, painted in shades of red, yellow or white.
Most representatives are perennials with medium growth intensity. Some are biennial or annual herbs.
| Average intensity of growth. | |
| Blooms from spring to December-January. |
| The plant is easy to grow. | |
| Perennial. |
Beneficial features
All parts of the flower are widely used in folk medicine:
- decoctions are prepared from the leaves for the treatment of respiratory diseases;
- infusions from the roots - expectorant, mild urine and diaphoretic, enhancing the secretion of the stomach and metabolism.
- tea brewed from inflorescences strengthens the nervous system.
Young primrose leaves are added to salads and soups, and crushed dry roots are used as a spice.
Features of care at home. Briefly
Primrose at home is demanding on temperature, light, humidity and needs some care.
Features of growing primrose are few and determined by the nuances of its vegetation. In particular, the content during the entire period of growth in conditions close to natural.
After flowering, the primrose rests, slowing down the growing season. In order for the plant to grow stronger, it is better to transplant it into open ground. In autumn, the flower is returned to the room.
Caring for home primrose is simple and consists in carrying out traditional grower activities: watering, fertilizing, pruning and transplanting.
Planting primrose
Planting is the fundamental procedure for growing primrose. The further development of the plant depends on the correctness of its implementation.
Before transplanting, prepare everything you need:
- Primrose pot: medium size, wide and shallow. Choosing too large a capacity is undesirable: the plant will direct all its forces to the development of the root system to the detriment of flowering.
- Primrose soil: purchased, in the form of a ready-made soil mixture for flowering plants, or prepared independently from the same amounts of leaf and greenhouse soil and sand. The soil is disinfected by spilling a solution of pink potassium permanganate.
The landing technology is simple and consists in sequentially carrying out several simple actions:
- Drainage is laid at the bottom of the pot with a layer of 1.5-2 cm.
- Soil is poured over the drainage, not falling asleep to the edges of the container 1-1.5 cm.
- In the center, a recess is made with a size commensurate with the root system of the seedling.
- The roots are placed in the recess and covered with soil so that the root neck remains on the surface.
- The soil around the shoot is slightly compacted.
Planted plants are watered abundantly and placed in a cool, bright place.
Bloom
Most species of primrose are characterized by early (from April or May) and long (2-3 months) flowering.
However, there are varieties that bloom only in early spring, for example, in April.
Heat-loving species bloom in June.
Temperature regime
In summer, primrose feels good at home at normal room temperatures, but in winter, during a period of relative rest, it needs coolness. Otherwise, the plant will refuse to bloom.
spraying
Home primrose easily adapt to the humidity in which it is forced to exist. However, with prolonged exposure to dry air conditions, the risk of spider mites is high, so it will be better if the air is humid.
To do this, during the operation of heating appliances and in the summer heat, an open vessel with water is placed next to the flower or the tray is filled with wet expanded clay or moss.
Lighting
Primula is photophilous, but does not tolerate direct sunlight, so it needs to be darkened in summer. The winter sun cannot harm a flower; moreover, it needs it.
Given the high need for diffused light, it is placed on the windowsills of eastern or western windows.
Watering
The primrose flower at room conditions needs regular watering. The frequency of soil moisture is determined by the vegetation stage of the plant and the air temperature in the room:
- during flowering, the soil is often moistened as soon as its upper (1-1.5 cm) layer dries out slightly;
- after flowering - moderately;
- in winter, when the plant is resting - rarely, allowing the soil to dry completely to a depth of 3 cm;
- when kept in a warm (20 ° C) room, they are watered more often and more abundantly, but they do not allow stagnation of water not only in the pot, but also in the pan.
The soil is moistened with soft (well-settled or filtered) water, avoiding its contact with leaves and buds.
Top dressing and fertilizer
You can not feed during the period of active growth. Fertilizers begin to be applied at the end of flowering, once every 7-10 days, giving preference to solutions of complex preparations containing at least 0.1% ammonium nitrate.
With a negative reaction of the flower to top dressing, for example, withering, the concentration of the drug is reduced by 1/3.
Transfer
Primrose care involves a transplant. The regularity of this procedure depends on the age of the flower:
- young specimens are transplanted annually, in spring, completely changing the soil to fresh and choosing a larger pot;
- plants older than 3 years are transplanted 1 time in 2-3 years. The container must be replaced only if the primrose has grown significantly.
It happens that a flower needs an unscheduled transplant. Indications for its implementation are:
- root germination through drainage holes;
- stagnation or salinization of the soil;
- wilting of the plant due to rotting of the roots.
After the transplant, the flower is watered and darkened for 3-5 days. The resumption of leaf turgor and their green tint are evidence of successful rooting.
pruning
Primrose does not need pruning in the traditional sense of the term. However, withered leaves and buds must be removed in a timely manner, which will save the strength of the flower and is a good prevention of the development of diseases and pests.
reproduction
Easily propagated vegetatively by cuttings. This method is easy to carry out and has good performance.
Reproduction of primrose cuttings
Cuttings are carried out in May, after the end of flowering, separating an axillary leaflet with a part of the shoot and a bud at the base of the leaf rosette. This is the cutting. It is rooted in shallow containers filled with a two-layer substrate:
- below - 2-2.5 cm of peat or leafy soil;
- above - 2 cm of coarse-grained river sand.
The cuttings are planted obliquely, kidney up, to a depth of 1 cm. The container is placed in a bright, cool (16-18 ° C) place, keeping the sand in a moderately wet state.
After 3 months, shoots will develop from the buds. After the growth of 3-4 new leaves, young plants are transplanted into individual containers with a diameter of 7-9 m, filled with an earthen mixture of hardwood, humus and sand (4:2:1).
The first flowering of a primrose grown from a cutting will come in about half a year.
Growing primrose from seeds
Primrose can be grown from seeds that are collected on their own or purchased in a store.
Sowing is carried out in the spring, in April or May, using small bowls or boxes filled with a sand-leaf mixture.
Seeds (0.5 g per container) are evenly distributed on the surface of pre-moistened soil, covered with a transparent airtight material and placed in a bright place, for example, on a windowsill. After 10-12 days, the first shoots should appear.
Seedlings dive twice, and then planted in separate small (7-9 cm) pots filled with a nutrient mixture of hardwood, greenhouse sand (2:2:1). When the container becomes cramped, the plants are transferred to larger pots.
The first flowering of primroses grown from seeds will come in six months.
Diseases and pests
The primrose reacts to violations of the conditions of maintenance and care by changing its appearance and vegetation:
- leaves turn yellow primrose- very dry air, watering with hard water, moisture stagnation, top dressing using high concentration fertilizers;
- leaves rot- long-term maintenance in conditions of high humidity of air and soil, frequent wetting of leaves during watering;
- flowers fade quickly - when the air is too dry and warm (more than 20 °C).
- does not bloom if you spent the winter in a warm (above 20 ° C) room.
The rest of the primrose diseases are a consequence of the defeat of plants weakened by improper care by fungi.
- Spotting: the development of the disease provokes excessive watering and poor ventilation of the leaf outlet when it is excessively thickened. The infection is manifested by the formation of gray spots on the peduncles and leaf blades, which subsequently become covered with bloom.
- Ramulariasis develops when the plant is kept cool and over-watered. It is diagnosed by the appearance on the leaves of rounded spots of light yellow color, which subsequently darken and rot, which leads to the death of the entire leaf, and then the plant.
Fungal infections are fought by timely removal of damaged parts and subsequent repeated treatment of the entire plant with solutions of Fundozol or Topsin.
Primula can be affected by insect pests: aphids, scale insects, thrips, weevil, spider mites. At the first signs of damage to insect pests, they are destroyed by folk methods; in advanced cases, insecticides are used.
Types of home primrose with photos and names
The genus includes about 500 plant species. Only a few of them are grown indoors.
Primula obconica or obconic (Primula obconica)
Tall (up to 60 cm) herbaceous perennial with a lush rosette of long-leaved large (length 10 cm) rough heart-shaped leaves with a wavy edge shape. It blooms, forming umbrella-shaped inflorescences from buds of various colors with a diameter of 3-4 cm, exuding a delicate pleasant aroma.
Primula Malacoides or Malvo-like (Primula malacoides)
An annual herbaceous plant up to 40-45 cm high with a dense elastic rosette of elongated-oval leaves with a serrated edge. It begins to bloom in late autumn, forming up to 8 tall peduncles on one plant, ending in whorls of longline inflorescences, consisting of several dozen (up to 45) small (up to 1.5 cm in diameter) buds of pink, red or white hues, often interspersed, strokes, yellow core.
Primula Common or stemless (Primula vulgaris)
It is represented by a large number of hybrids with a dense rosette of elongated oval wrinkled leaves, in the central part of which pinnate venation is clearly visible. It blooms in early spring, 3-4 weeks, forming low peduncles, ending in single large (2-4 cm) buds of snow-white, blue-lilac, red, yellow and burgundy shades. This species is most often offered for sale and is cultivated both in pot culture and in open ground.
Primula (primrose): compact plant with beautiful flowers in various shades.
The Latin name Primula is translated as "the first". In the wild, yellow primrose flowers are among the first to signal the arrival of spring. The habitat of these plants is wet meadows, floodplains of rivers, banks of streams.
Pots with indoor blooming primrose appear on flower markets by March 8, delighting with a variety of shapes and colors.
Among these plants there are those that can only be cultivated indoors, and garden species intended for further planting in open ground.
How to determine the type of primrose by external signs
Usually, in garden farms, a garden type of primrose is grown especially for the women's holiday, guessing its budding by the end of February.
After the end of flowering, the plants begin to turn yellow and go into hibernation, while the indoor species continues to grow and the leaves remain green.
Having received a primrose as a gift, you can immediately understand by its appearance whether it is garden or indoor. If elongated wrinkled leaves grow from the ground itself, this is a stemless primrose, or an ordinary primrose.
When the earth warms up, it can be planted in the garden, and this perennial frost-resistant plant will delight with early flowering for many years.
If the leaves are round, resembling geranium foliage in appearance, they do not grow immediately from the soil, but are located on thick petioles, and large single or double flowers are located on the peduncles with an umbrella - this is a room primrose obconica.
Its flowers emit a pleasant sweet fragrance. This houseplant is not suitable for growing in the garden. In open ground, it can be planted only for the summer period.
Unlike garden species related to primroses, obkonika is a houseplant that blooms intermittently throughout the year.
Many inflorescences rise above a lush rosette of round and heart-shaped fleecy leaves. In indoor floriculture, both traditional varieties and new Dutch large-flowered hybrids are popular.
Rules for caring for room primrose obkonika
In order to successfully cultivate this beautiful flower at home, let's get acquainted with the biological characteristics of the species. Primrose inverse conical refers to large-flowered species.
Its beautiful flowers with a diameter of 6-8 cm are located in the second tier, rising above the dark green leaves on long stems. At the same time, the plant can throw out up to 10 flower stalks.
Usually, in indoor conditions, they try to create an environment similar to that in which the flower lives in the natural environment. Primula refers to undersized herbaceous plants that live in the lower tier of forests, along the banks of reservoirs.
Moist soil with good aeration and diffused light create optimal conditions for growth and flowering.
Lighting and location
The best place is well-lit, with diffused soft sunlight. You can put on the windowsill of a window facing north.
If the window faces the sunny side, summer scorching rays can burn the leaves. In this case, it is recommended to install racks at a distance of one and a half meters from the window.
In the warm season, the flower can be taken out to the terrace or balcony, avoiding direct sunlight.
The soil
Ready-made universal loose soil, nutritious and moisture-intensive, is suitable for obkoniki.
You can independently prepare a mixture, which will include one part of humus, the same amount of leafy soil, and half a portion of garden soil and sand.
It's a good idea to add some charcoal, which greatly improves the structure.
Temperature regime
For room primrose, the ideal temperature is 16-18 ° C.
When the temperature rises, the leaves grow faster, at the same time, the buds do not form.
In winter, obkonika feels better on a cool loggia, where the temperature is kept within 12-15 ° C.
Watering and humidity
Primrose is demanding for watering, but it can not be flooded.
During flowering, it is plentifully watered with soft water 2-3 times a week, in the rest of the period - 1-2 times a week. Drops of moisture should not fall on the leaves. Excess water from the pan must be drained.
top dressing
During the period of bud formation and flowering, liquid fertilizer is applied at intervals of two weeks. For this purpose, top dressing with a high content of potassium is suitable.
In such a complex fertilizer, the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus and potassium NPK is 1:1:2. To build green mass, it is better to use fertilizer with a predominance of nitrogen (NPK - 3:2:1).
In the intervals between flowering, the primrose freezes. She needs less water, and feeding should be temporarily stopped.
Care during flowering
Obkonika begins to bloom profusely from late February to July. With good care, it continues to throw out single buds until December.
To make the indoor flower look well-groomed, you need to remove wilted flowers and dried leaves.
The flowers are removed by plucking, trying not to touch the flower stalks, on which new buds will subsequently form.
Abundant watering and regular top dressing will ensure long and long flowering. When the plant has faded, it is placed in a more shaded and cool place.
After a summer holiday, it quickly comes into shape and can bloom a second time.
Transfer
Primrose obconica blooms profusely in the first two years, so it is recommended to repot it periodically.
This procedure is performed until spring flowering, when new outlets appear. Old dead leaves are removed, the bushes are divided and placed in a new substrate.
The root system of the primrose is fibrous, it is located in the upper part of the soil, so it is better to use not deep pots, but wide bowls.
reproduction
You can get new plants by planting seeds, dividing the bush during transplantation, and lateral processes.
Vegetative propagation using lateral processes is carried out in the spring. The processes are separated, placed in a container with wet sand, covered with a transparent film. When roots appear, transplant into pots.
Seeds are bought at a flower shop or collected with their own hands from their plants. To get seeds from a houseplant, you need to transfer pollen from one flower to another with a brush.
Under natural conditions, this function is performed by insects. When the boxes that appear after flowering turn brown, it is time to collect the seeds. They can be stored in a cool dry place, but it is better to sow immediately in the ground.
Garden primrose care
In the garden, ordinary primroses feel great, they winter quietly and delight in early spring with rare flowering at this time.
It is important to choose the right place where the primroses will grow and develop well. Areas with an openwork shadow from trees are best suited. Leaves burn in the sun.
It is necessary to dig a small area, add humus, add some sand. Loose nutrient soil is exactly what primrose needs.
Do not rush to transplant a primrose that has faded in room conditions into the garden. Wait until the soil warms up to at least 9 °C.
Although the plant is winter-hardy, it needs to gain a foothold in a new environment and gain strength. It will bloom next spring.
The overgrown bush is divided in the spring, when the rosettes of leaves have formed, but the buds have not yet appeared.
Hands carefully separate sockets with their own roots, planted in the ground, watered and shaded for several days if the sun is hot. Rejuvenate garden primrose about once every 3 years.
