Deep well pump: features and selection criteria

If you want to have free water in any quantity on your own site, then you should start by drilling a mine to an aquifer. The second step will be the installation of a downhole pump in the well. It is the proper operation of such equipment that will guarantee high-quality watering of garden plants, the uninterrupted operation of a washing machine and dishwasher, a bathroom and a bathroom.

Deep well pumps have different capacities, sizes and other parameters. In this article, we will look at the main selection criteria. Installing optimal equipment will save you from many problems in the future and will give you confidence in the constant presence of H 2 O in your area.

General provisions

In order to successfully pump water from wells, wells or other bodies of water, there are the following types of pumps:

Self-priming. Such equipment is installed on the surface and sometimes looks like a full-fledged pumping station. They do a good job with sandy wells that have a relatively shallow depth.

Submersible. They have a large power, the volume of pumped liquid and the height of the pressure column. Structurally able to penetrate even very narrow shafts. Ideal for artesian wells.

Selection and installation

Since a deep well pump is the best fit, let's move on to the rules for choosing it. To do this, first of all, it is necessary to determine where the water supply is required and in what quantity.

Right Criteria

pump performance. The amount of liquid it can distill in one hour.

Head height. The force of the push of the liquid is selected in accordance with the depth of the mine and its distance from the house.

Well debit. The actual volume of water that can be provided by an aquifer per hour of continuous supply.

In this regard, you should start choosing pumping equipment after you have completed the technical passport with all the necessary data.

It should indicate:

Shaft diameter. What will determine the diameter of the submersible apparatus.
Static and dynamic water levels. The first one is formed in case of idle time of the structure, and the second one - in case of its active use.

Well productivity, which is measured by the number of cubic meters of fluid transferred per hour.
Mine depth. Significantly affects the required head height.

You should not purchase an overly powerful submersible pump for two reasons:

Its price will be much higher, but why overpay?
If its productivity is greater than the productivity of the well, then it will not have time to fill with water. Because of this, the operation of a “dry” run will follow, which, in the absence of special protection, will lead to a burnout of the engine.

Thus, we now know that the maximum power should not exceed the amount of water inflow. What affects the minimum?

Let's consider:

Your family size. On average, one adult needs about 1000 liters per day. Multiply this number by the number of permanent residents and you will know your home's daily water requirement.

Availability and area of the garden. Watering crops usually takes up to 2000 liters of the required liquid.

The number of concurrently used consumption points.
Here is an approximate list of them with a standard flow rate, measured in m 3 / hour:
- washing - 0.7;
- bathroom - 1.2;
- bidet - 0.3;
- shower room - 0.8;
- dishwasher - 0.6;
- washstand - 0.3;
- washing machine - 0.8;
- bathroom - 0.4
So, in order to start the washing machine and fill the bath at the same time, you will need equipment with a capacity of at least 2000 m 3 / hour. But, do not forget that there may be a need at this time to wash the dishes and go to the toilet.

In addition to the power that we choose based on the capabilities of the well and the needs of the residents, it is also important to select the correct head height, which will require fluid supply.

We perform calculations as follows:

We take the height of the house and add 6 meters to it.
The resulting amount is multiplied by the coefficient of pressure loss in the process of moving through the pipeline. It is equal to 1.15.
Now add the depth of the mine to the surface of the water surface. We take this value from the technical passport provided by the drilling company.
Next, you should take into account the distance of the well from the building in need of water supply. It is generally accepted that 10 m horizontally equals 1 m vertically.

Suppose that the height of your house is 7 m, the depth of the mine is 30 m, and the distance from the water intake points is 20 m. Substitute: (7+6)*1.15+30+2=46.95. That is, a pump is required, the head of which is at least 47 m.

The most important is just the calculation of the height of the water supply than the power of the pump. Since it is rare when all points of water consumption are open, but a miscalculation with pressure can lead to a complete absence of H 2 O in the water supply system.

Tip: if there is a possibility of an error in calculating the performance of the equipment, it is recommended to install a membrane tank.
With it, it will be possible to set the pressure level, which will avoid water hammer along with frequent engine starts and stops.

Mounting

How to install a submersible pump in a well? To do this, you will need the apparatus itself, a metal-plastic pipe of the required length, an adapter, a steel cable and an electric cable with waterproofing.

The installation instructions look like this:

We fasten a special nipple to the pump outlet, sealing the connection with the help of "winding". It will serve as an adapter for the casing thread.

Before fixing, we align the polyethylene pipe as much as possible with our own hands. This will allow you to lower the device most evenly.

We connect the power cable. In this case, it is required to ensure waterproofing as best as possible using special corrugations or heat shrink tubing.

Tip: when buying equipment, immediately check the presence of the wire.
Because usually it is not included in the package and therefore it should be purchased separately.

We tie a steel cable to the lugs specially designed for this, located on the pump housing. From above it can be attached to a winch mounted on a tripod. This will facilitate the immersion of the device to a greater depth and will immediately answer the question of how to get the downhole pump out of the well for maintenance.
Now we tightly tie the pipe, cable and cable together with special clamps so that we get one whole route.

We lower the unit. The places where it clings to the walls are carefully overcome with rotational movements.

We fix the position of the pump below the dynamic water level, but at a height of at least a meter from the bottom. This will prevent sand and other small particles from being sucked into the system.
From above, we install a knee that directs the pipe towards the house and hermetically closes the shaft to prevent oxygen and precipitation from entering it, which contribute to the corrosion process.

To the building we dig a trench with a depth below the freezing of the soil. Depending on the region, it can vary from fifty centimeters to one and a half meters.
We connect to the water supply system at home and use clean and.

Conclusion

Supply the house with water. An equally important step is the correct selection and installation of a deep pump.

When choosing the power of the device, one should take into account the number of residents, the need for watering the garden, possible water intake points and the production capacity of the well itself. In addition to this parameter, the accuracy of calculating the required head height, which comes from the height of the house, the distance from it to the mine and its depth, is also important.

Installation work is not difficult if you follow the recommendations, and it is quite doable on your own. Here it is important to make the correct route from the power cable, plastic pipe, steel cable and carefully load the equipment.