The concerns associated with the redevelopment of housing - a fairly common phenomenon. This topic is especially relevant for owners of their own apartments located in newly erected buildings. Their owners, before carrying out a major overhaul, have to think about the plan for placing sanitary appliances. The most problematic is the question of how to properly place the toilet?
On the relevance of norms and standards
Mostly redevelopment consists in the physical or visual expansion of the premises. Less often - in reducing and saving space. Problems for owners who decide to overhaul appear if plumbing has already been installed in the apartment. Its dismantling and transfer to another place is a serious procedure, which requires special permission. The project of repair work must be agreed and legalized with further inclusion in the technical passport of the apartment. It is impossible to start work without permission, because ignorance can damage the load-bearing wall, which will lead to the destruction of the whole house. In order to avoid this when installing plumbing, there are established norms and standards in which such parameters as the height of latrines, ceiling height and others are already prescribed at the legislative level.
Regulations
The previously valid document "Sanitary equipment of buildings and structures" (SNiP PI-28-75) became invalid after the introduction of the new one - "Internal sanitary systems" (SNiP 3.05.01-85). The new document applies to work with hot and cold water supply, sewerage, heating, ventilation, drains in industrial and residential buildings. The information that residents need to replace indoor sanitary appliances is contained in this document.
Primary requirements
The regulations for the distribution of plumbing, set out in the document, provide for:
- the distance from the toilet to the bidet should be 0.25 m;
- it is obligatory to have free space in front of the bathtub or shower cabin - 0.70 m;
- free space in front of the toilet should be 0.60 m;
- on the sides of the toilet, it is necessary to provide for the presence of free space - 0.25 m;
- the space near the washbasin should be 1.1 m long and 0.7 m wide;
- the shower faucet must be located at a height of 1.2 m;
- the height of the toilet bowl should be 0.6 m.
About the variety of standards
Currently, there are numerous factories, plants and firms specializing in the manufacture of sanitary equipment. Domestic and foreign manufacturers produce their products, focusing on the standards in force in their country. Plumbing standards become internal and lose their relevance. But, nevertheless, they continue to be standards, and they should be followed if the owner of the apartment does not want unnecessary problems when planning or overhauling.
How to choose a toilet?
A well-maintained bathroom is an integral part of modern housing. One of the main and indispensable elements of any toilet is the toilet. Now in the plumbing market there are many different models with their own design features. Different firms use their technologies in the production process, products are made from different materials. Products made from sanitary faience are in great demand today. When choosing a toilet, you should take into account the number of people, the size of the room in which the installation is planned. The choice is also made taking into account the individual characteristics of the consumer. For large people, it is advisable to select a high toilet equipped with a wide bowl. For slender women, a narrow model would be ideal. According to the recommendations of experienced plumbers, when choosing a toilet bowl, it is best to focus on the tallest member of the family.
“Monolith”: compact model
A toilet bowl combined with a cistern is called a “Monolith”. In production, it is made using a single casting and has a one-piece structure, which saves space when installing equipment, despite the fact that the dimensions of monolithic toilets are identical to conventional ones. Therefore, these models are also called "compact toilets":
- the height of the product can be more than 0.8 m;
- toilet bowl length - 0.7 m;
- width - 0.38 m.
Types of structures
According to the installation method of compact toilet bowls, their types differ:
- Suspended. They are equipped with separate tanks, which are installed in the wall or behind the partition. Products with this design are not mass-produced.
- Floor compacts are considered the most common.
According to the form of construction are:
- oblique;
- horizontal;
- vertical.
When creating compact toilets, first of all, the physiological parameters of a person are taken into account, and only then - the designer's inventions.
Products with a microlift, a mechanism that provides a smooth lowering of the seat, have gained great popularity. Such products are quite expensive.
budget model
Among cheap compacts, economy class products should be distinguished. These are toilets from the Russian manufacturer Sanita Luxe.
Those who wish to purchase a high-quality, but, at the same time, inexpensive toilet bowl, can opt for the Russian compact model. It costs up to 2000 rubles. Porcelain is used in the production of toilet bowls by Sanita Luxe. Products are equipped with a cover and a lower water supply to the drain tank. These toilets are affordable, with quality fittings, a wide variety of bowls, an efficient flush system and an optional anti-splash feature. The formation of the cost of the model is significantly influenced by the type of toilet bowl, the material used for its manufacture, the design features inherent in the product and additional functional elements. In terms of price, Sanita Luxe toilets can be expensive, mid-price and cheap.
Options
Toilets manufacturer Sanita Luxe come in two options:
- Floor. This is the classic version. It is installed on a special leg, which smoothly passes into the bowl.
- Suspended. These products are mainly intended for toilets with limited space. Such products are more aesthetic and elegant than outdoor ones. This is due to the fact that no communications are visible. The floor during their installation is not deformed. As a result, space is visually freed. The advantage is also considered the convenience when cleaning indoors.
Options
Suspended products indicators:
- the height of the toilet from the floor should be 35-40 cm;
- width 35-37 cm;
- length or depth 48-70 cm.
Characterized by considerable durability. They are able to withstand a weight of 400 kg.
The toilets of this manufacturer contain such an additional element as an attached skirt. It covers the bottom base of the toilet bowl and prevents it from getting dirty. This model of a toilet bowl is ideally suited for the room which area exceeds 6 sq.m. meters.
Despite all their advantages, wall-hung toilets are less popular than floor-standing ones.
Requirements for a baby toilet
Parents of children who have reached the age of four should begin teaching them how to use the toilet. This can be easily dealt with with the help of special nozzles - a child seat, adapters, linings for toilet bowls and children's toilet circles.
According to GOST 30493-96 "Sanitary ceramic products", children's toilets must comply with the established standards:
- length - 405 mm;
- width - 290 mm.
Many manufacturers, when creating their products, do not always clearly adhere to these standards. But, nevertheless, sanitary products for children of many manufacturers have parameters that approximately correspond to GOST:
- the children's toilet "Kid" has a length of 55 cm, a width of 28 cm, a bowl height of 325 mm, a product height of 725 mm;
- children's toilet "Bambi" has parameters 555x345x670 mm;
- children's toilet "Vershok" - 630x300x640 mm.
Toilet with step
The main task of such a model is to provide the child with the opportunity to sit on the toilet on his own. For boys, this step allows you to write while standing. Without a step, the standard height of the toilet bowl does not allow them to do this. When buying coasters, parents should pay attention to the width of the base and its coverage. This recommendation is due to the fact that a wide step is safer for the child, since the possibility of falls is excluded. For this purpose, the developers of children's steps (toilet stands) provide a special rubberized coating that excludes any slipping. The stands are lightweight, so that the child, if necessary, can independently move them as he pleases.
What should be the toilet for the disabled?
For the elderly and people with disabilities, special plumbing is provided. Its feature is the presence of armrests, handrails with a protective coating. They are designed to provide support for a person while standing, sitting and walking in the bathroom or toilet. It is important that the armrests have high strength, which would allow them to withstand heavy loads. They can have a design of three types: folding, rotary, stationary. The main thing is that a person with disabilities has enough free space and can easily use the toilet, bathtub or sink.
The toilet for the disabled is equipped with handrails that have a folding design. In the production of these armrests, it is used which is able to withstand a weight of 300 kg. The height of the toilet equipped with such armrests can be higher. This size is ideal for the disabled and the elderly who have sore knees. Installation must be carried out in such a way that the top of the seat from the floor level is 500 mm. Thus, the design of the toilet corresponds to the wheelchair. Plumbing products for the disabled are limited products and belong to the category of specific products. Its characteristic feature is its high cost. At the same time, production volumes are quite small. The main task of such products is to ensure that a person with disabilities is not constrained in his actions, but can use the toilet on his own, without resorting to outside help.
The correct selection is the key to the improvement of the bathroom in the apartment - an obligatory component of the comfort of a modern home.
