When completing tasks in the answers under the number of the task you are performing, put an “x” in the box, the number of which corresponds to the number of the answer you have chosen.
1. Two smoothly polished plates of lead and gold are placed on top of each other and a load is placed on top of them. The process of diffusion of molecules of two plates
3) will pass regardless of the location of the plates
2. When the flask with liquid is cooled, the liquid level decreases. It's connected
3) with decreasing distances between liquid molecules
3. broken glass cannot be restored by tightly pressing the fragments together. This is explained by
3) the irregularities of the fragments make it difficult to bring enough big number molecules by the distance at which the particles are attracted to each other
4. If it were possible to lay 10,000,000 water molecules in one row close to each other, then a chain 2 mm long would be obtained. The size of one water molecule is
2) 2 10-7 m
5. The body is compressible, easily changing shape and volume. What is the state of matter from which such a body is made?
1) gaseous
6. The body temperature measured by a thermometer, taking into account the measurement error, should be written as
3) (34+-0.5)°C
Test on the topic: "Structure of matter"
1 . What phenomena prove that bodies are composed of tiny particles, between which there are gaps?
A. spreading the smell of a substance
B. substances resist when compressed
B. change in the volume of bodies when heated
2. Diffusion is faster in...
B. solids
B. liquids
3 . Which of the following properties. belong to gases?
A. Have their own shape
B. Maintain volume.
4 . How does diffusion depend on temperature?
A. The diffusion process slows down with increasing temperature.
B. The diffusion process accelerates with increasing temperature.
B. The diffusion process does not depend on temperature changes
5. How are particles arranged in solids?
A. Particles are located at distances, many large particle sizes.
B. Particles are arranged in a certain (strict) order.
B. Particles are close to each other, but there is no strict order in their arrangement.
6 . Molecules are attracted to each other, but there are gaps between them, and they do not “stick together” among themselves. This happens because they...
A. are moving
B. are very weakly attracted to each other
B. when close to each other, they repel each other
G. the size of the gaps do not change
7. The water froze and turned into ice. Did the water molecules themselves change as a result?
A. No, they haven't.
B. Yes, they have.
B. No definite answer can be given.
8 . What is the state of cast iron?
A. Liquid only.
B. Only in solid.
B. In solid, liquid and gaseous.
9. When heated, the volume of the body ...
A. increases. B. decreases.
1 . Length, area, volume is
a) ... the quality of the body.
b) ... its physical properties.
in) ... physical quantities characterizing the dimensions of bodies.
d) None of the answers are correct.
2. The physical bodies are
a) ... desk. c) ... gasoline.
b) ... sugar. d) ... a mosquito.
3 .Determine the division value of the instrument scale shown here.
a) 30 units
b) 3 units.
c) 6 units.
d) 5 units.
4 .The smallest particles that make up various substances are called ...
a). atoms.
b). molecules.
5 . All molecules of the same substance...
a). do not differ from each other.
b). differ from each other.
6 . When cooled, the volume of the body ...
a). decreases.
b). increases.
7 . How does diffusion depend on temperature?
a). The diffusion process slows down with increasing temperature.
b). The diffusion process accelerates with increasing temperature.
in). The diffusion process does not depend on temperature changes.
8 . At distances comparable to the size of the molecules (atoms) themselves...
a). forces of attraction between molecules are more noticeable, and when
further approach - repulsive forces.
b). repulsive forces between molecules are more noticeable, and when
further rapprochement - the force of attraction.
9 . What is the state of mercury?
a). Only in liquid.
b). In liquid, solid and gaseous.
in). only in liquid.
10 . Can an open vessel be filled with gas to 40% of its capacity?
a). Yes, you can.
b). No.
in). A definite answer cannot be given.
11 . The water froze and turned into ice. Have they themselves changed?
water molecules?
a). No, they haven't.
b). Yes, they have.
in). It is impossible to give a definite answer.
Answer in writing.
Describe an experiment that confirms the hypothesis that substances are composed of tiny particles.
What is the role of diffusion in nature?
II option.
1.Choose the correct answer1 .Physical body
a) copper b) chair c) movement d) snowfall
a) lead b) car c) boiling d) moon
3 . Line division price
a) 5cm b) 60cm c) 2.5cm d) 10cm
4. When heated, the volume of the body ...
a). increases b. decrease
5 . molecules various substances…
a). do not differ from each other b. different from each other
6 . The diffusion process is...
a). only in liquids and gases
b). only in liquids and solids
in). in gases, liquids and solids
7. Molecules (atoms) are attracted to each other. At the same time, they should, as it were, stick together. It doesn't happen because...
a). molecules (atoms) are constantly moving
b). between molecules (atoms) there are repulsive forces
8 . Which of the following properties belong to liquids?
a). easily change shape, but retain volume
b). do not have their own shape and constant volume
in). Have their own shape and volume
9 . What is the state of cast iron?
a). only in liquid
b). only in solid
in). in solid, liquid and gaseous
10 . The bottle contains 0.2 liters of water. It is poured into a flask with a capacity of 0.5 liters. Will the volume of water change?
a). decrease
b). Will not change
in). will increase
11 . Rooms where medical ether is used usually smell strongly. What is the state of the ether in this room?
a). in solid
b). in liquid
in). in gaseous
2. Answer in writing.
1 . Describe an experiment that shows the change in volume when a liquid is heated.
2 .Why is the density of ice and water different?
Option 1
1. Which of the following experiments confirms the hypothesis that substances consist of separate particles, between which there are gaps?
A) falling bodies to the ground;
B) the attraction of the pins to the magnet;
C) expansion of bodies when heated;
D) swimming of bodies under water;
2. Are the molecules in water poured into a glass the same? in drops of dew; in water vapor; in pieces food ice?
A) only water molecules in a glass and in dew drops are the same;
B) the molecules in all these substances are the same;
C) the molecules in all these substances are different;
3. The gas in the closed vessel is cooled. Has the movement of gas molecules changed?
A) the molecules began to move faster;
B) the molecules began to move more slowly;
C) the movement has not changed;
D) the movement has stopped;
4. The phenomenon of diffusion can be observed ...
A) only in gases;
B) only in liquids;
C) only in solids;
D) in solids, liquids and gases;
5. Between molecules in a substance ...
A) there is mutual attraction and repulsion;
B) there is neither attraction nor repulsion;
C) there is only mutual attraction;
D) there is only mutual repulsion;
6. Why, having broken a pencil, we cannot connect its parts so that it is whole again?
A) because repulsive forces between molecules increase;
B) because air is an obstacle to the connection;
C) because we cannot move the parts of the pencil to a distance at which it is noticeable
forces of intermolecular attraction appear;
7. What state is the substance in if it does not have its own form and occupies
the entire volume provided to him?
A) in gaseous
B) in liquid;
B) in solid
8. The water evaporated and turned into steam. What changes have occurred to the water molecules?
A) the molecules themselves have changed;
B) no change has taken place;
C) distances between molecules have increased;
D) distances between molecules have decreased;
9. What is the nature of the movement and interaction of molecules in solids?
A) molecules are located at distances smaller sizes the molecules themselves and
move freely relative to each other;
B) molecules are located at large distances from each other and move
disorderly;
C) the molecules are arranged in a strict order and vibrate around a certain
balance positions;
10. What properties are common to liquid and solid bodies?
A) retain volume
B) quickly evaporate in the sun;
C) have a strict order in the arrangement of molecules;
D) occupy the entire volume provided to them.
Option 2
1. Which of the statements is true?
A) all substances are made up of tightly packed molecules
to each other;
B) all molecules are immobile;
C) molecules move only when high temperature and not
moving at low;
D) all substances are made up of molecules, between which there are
gaps;
2. When a gas is compressed, its volume will decrease, since ...
A) the number of gas particles decreases;
B) the gaps between gas particles decrease;
C) the repulsion between gas particles decreases;
D) particle sizes decrease;
3. When molecules move as a result of their collision ...
A) some molecules are transformed into others;
B) molecules are connected;
C) molecules are destroyed;
D) the speed and direction of movement of molecules change;
4. Which of the given examples is based on the phenomenon of diffusion?
A) the collision of two balls;
B) melting ice;
C) the spread of the smell of flowers;
D) stretching the rubber band;
5.To slow down the diffusion process of salt in water, a vessel of water and
salt should be put in ...
a) the most brightly lit place;
b) the coldest place
C) the warmest place
D) most dark place;
6. Forces of mutual attraction between molecules are noticeable when
A) distances between molecules more sizes molecules;
B) the distances between the molecules are commensurate with the sizes
C) there are no distances between molecules, because molecules
tightly pressed to each other;
7. If you squeeze and then release the rubber eraser, then it
regains its shape because...
A) there are repulsive forces between the particles;
B) there are forces of attraction between the particles;
C) particles are constantly moving;
8. Molecules are densely packed, strongly attracted to each other
each other, and each molecule oscillates around a certain
equilibrium positions. What is this body?
B) liquid;
B) a solid body
D) there are no such bodies in nature;
9. What statement is considered common for liquids and gases?
A) take the shape of the vessel in which they are placed;
B) easily compressible;
C) occupy the entire volume provided to them;
D) have a crystalline structure;
10. In a beaker there is water with a volume of 100 cm 3. She was transferred to
a glass with a capacity of 200 cm 3. Will the volume of water change?
A) will increase by 2 times;
B) will decrease by 2 times;
C) will increase by 0.5 times;
D) will not change.
Option 3
1. Which of the following statements is correct?
A) All substances are made up of tiny particles.
which have gaps;
B) all substances are solid;
AT) solids solid, while liquids and gases are composed of
individual particles;
D) solids and liquids are solid, and
gases are made up of individual particles;
2. The smallest particle that retains all the properties of this substance
is ..., which consists of ...
A) ... a small grain, ... molecules;
B) ... molecule, ... atoms;
C) ... atom, ... nuclei and electrons;
D) ... atom, ... molecules;
3. When a substance is cooled, the volume of bodies ...
A) increases, because increasing distances between
molecules;
B) decreases, because the intervals between
molecules;
C) decreases, because the size of the molecules decreases;
D) does not change, because molecules at low temperature
become immobile;
4. What is diffusion?
A) the phenomenon in which substances do not mix with each other
B) the phenomenon of penetration of molecules of one substance into
molecules of another substance;
C) the phenomenon of the penetration of molecules of one substance into
spaces between molecules of another substance
the result of their erratic movement;
5. The phenomenon of diffusion proves ...
A) only the existence of molecules;
B) the existence and movement of molecules;
C) interaction of molecules;
6. In what substances diffusion at the same temperature
runs faster?
A) in solid
B) in liquid;
B) in gaseous;
D) in all substances, the diffusion rate is the same;
7. How do molecules interact with each other when they approach each other
from a great distance?
A) first, the forces of attraction prevail, then repulsion;
B) at first, repulsive forces prevail, then attraction;
C) only attract, and the forces of attraction increase
when approaching;
D) do not interact;
8. Which of the following phenomena indicates that the molecules
repel each other?
A) fragments of a broken vase are not connected so that the vase is again
became whole;
B) adhesion of two glass plates moistened with water;
B) the compressed spring is straightened;
9. What is the nature of the arrangement and movement of molecules in liquids?
A) molecules are arranged in a strict order and oscillate
near a certain position;
B) the molecules are located at distances equal to the size
molecules and move freely relative to each other;
C) molecules are located at large distances from each other
friend and move randomly;
10. Which of the following properties belong to gases?
A) occupy the entire volume provided to them;
B) difficult to compress;
C) easily change shape, but retain volume;
D) have a crystalline structure.
OPTION 1. The structure of matter.
1. Can a drop vegetable oil spread endlessly on the surface of the water?
a) maybe nothing is stopping her,
b) no, it will spread until the thickness of the layer is equal to the size of the smallest particle of oil,
c) it is impossible to say unequivocally: this phenomenon is related to the temperature of the oil,
d) no, the oil does not spread over the surface of the water at all.
2. Specify an incorrect statement.
a) a molecule is the smallest particle of a substance
b) the molecules of the same substance are the same,
c) atoms are the constituent parts of molecules,
d) when the body is heated, the molecules of a substance increase in size.
3. What particles make up a water molecule?
a) two oxygen atoms and one hydrogen atom,
b) two hydrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms,
c) one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom,
d) two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
4. What is the name of the phenomenon in which the substances in contact are mixed with each other by themselves?
a) boiling, b) diffusion, c) heating, d) melting.
5. Point out the wrong statement.
a) when heated, diffusion proceeds faster,
b) when heated, diffusion proceeds more slowly,
c) diffusion does not depend on temperature,
d) for some substances, diffusion depends on temperature, while for others it does not.
6. In what water should peas be soaked for cooking soup so that it swells faster?
a) cold, b) hot, c) anyway.
7. Between molecules in a substance exists ...
a) only attraction b) only repulsion
c) there is neither attraction nor repulsion,
d) mutual attraction and repulsion.
8. In which of the vessels is water
wets the capillary
a) 1 and 3, b) 2, c) 3, d) 1.
9. If a substance retains volume, but easily changes shape, then it is in ... a state.
a) solid b) gaseous c) liquid d) liquid or solid
10. In what substance are the molecules located at large distances, are strongly attracted to each other and oscillate around certain positions?
a) gas b) liquid c) solid body d) there is no such substance.
OPTION 2. The structure of matter.
1. What phenomena prove that bodies are made up of tiny particles, between which there are gaps?
a) the spread of the smell of a substance,
b) substances resist when compressed,
c) change in the volume of bodies when heated.
2. Is it possible to divide a molecule or an atom into smaller particles?
a) can't b) can
c) a molecule can be divided, an atom cannot,
d) a molecule cannot be divided, but an atom can.
3. How many different atoms and molecules are there in nature?
a) 109 different atoms and molecules,
b) 109 different molecules, the number of atoms is practically unlimited,
c) 109 different atoms, the number of molecules is practically unlimited,
d) the number of atoms and molecules is unlimited.
4. Diffusion proceeds faster in…
a) gases, b) solids, c) liquids, d) the same in all.
5. What important conclusion about the structure of matter can be drawn from the phenomenon of diffusion?
a) the molecules of all substances are immobile,
b) the molecules of all substances are constantly moving,
c) all bodies are made up of tiny particles,
d) molecules different substances various.
6. Equal servings in identical glasses
cold and hot water. In them
pieces thrown at the same time
coloring matter. Determine which
glass of cold water.
a) 1 and 2, b) 1, c) 2.
7. Molecules are attracted to each other, but there are gaps between them, and they do not “stick together” among themselves. This happens because they...
a) are moving
b) very weakly attracted to each other,
c) repel each other when close to each other
d) the gaps do not change.
8. Liquid is poured into the vessel. The forces of interaction between the molecules of a liquid are less than the forces of their interaction with the molecules of a solid. Then the surface of the liquid in the capillary has the shape ...
a) 1, b) 2, c) 3, d) 1 and 3.
9. Determine which property of solids is indicated incorrectly.
a) retain a constant shape, b) have a certain volume,
c) are difficult to compress, d) occupy the entire volume provided.
10. In what state can mercury be?
a) only in liquid, b) only in solid,
c) only in gaseous form, d) in all three states.
