On a summer cottage or private plot, the first building should be a toilet. Even if construction is just beginning, then this structure is indispensable. The situation will be more relevant with permanent residence or periodic trips to the country. The best solution would be to equip an outdoor toilet. The construction is not particularly difficult. Any home master can cope with the task. It is about how to equip a street toilet with your own hands that will be discussed further.
Varieties of street toilets
Toilet with cesspool. Most often, a wooden booth or house, under which there is a cesspool. It functions simply. All waste is placed in a pit. The liquid evaporates and soaks into the soil. Dense residues accumulate. They have to be removed from time to time.
play closet. It also has a cesspool. However, it is completely sealed and large. The process of drainage from it is unacceptable. Purification occurs only by pumping with a cesspool machine. Typically, such structures are used for residential premises and install a toilet.
Powder closet. This system does not require the arrangement of a cesspool. Inside the house, a toilet seat is set up, under which a storage container for waste is placed. Peat is located in the immediate vicinity. After each trip to the toilet, excrement is sprinkled with a peat layer. When the container is full, it is simply taken out to the compost heap.
Such an outdoor device has a number of advantages. Compared to a cesspool toilet, it has a simpler design. It can even be placed in a residential area. However, the process of cleaning the waste container is not very pleasant.
Peat dry closet. It is a kind of closet powder, but made in the factory. Looks like a plastic toilet with a cistern. The principle of operation is completely similar to the previous version. Peat is also used for adding sewage. Such dry closets are suitable for outdoor placement and for home use.
chemical toilet. The difference from the previous option will be the use of chemicals instead of peat. They carry out the splitting and deodorization of waste. Biobacteria can be used as a chemically active medium. They will even be preferred for cottages. Products of their processing can be removed even to the beds. To that extent they are safe.
Where can you put a toilet?
Dealt with views. Now it’s worth understanding where you can put a toilet in a private house with your own hands. Of course, this section will only deal with pit latrines. Powder closet and variations of dry closets will not be affected, as they will not cause problems with choosing a place. They can be placed anywhere you like.
We talked about in one of the articles. It examined in detail all the nuances of placement. The same rules apply to the cesspool. We recommend that you study them before starting the arrangement of the toilet.
There is no point in repeating them in this article. You can find all this information by clicking on the link. Let's move on to construction issues.
Pit toilet
When making a toilet in a private house with your own hands, you should adhere to the recommended characteristics of the building. So, there is no point in equipping a house that is too big. Extra space is useless, and in winter it will be fresh. On the contrary, too small a building will be inconvenient. That is why the optimal sizes will be the following:
- Height - from 2 to 2.5 meters;
- Length - up to 1.5 meters;
- Width - 1 meter.
In one of the previous articles, we cited. Therefore, if you need a ready-made drafted version, then follow the link and study.
Initial stage and preparation of the pit
The first step will be preparation. At the very beginning, you should think over the project and prepare the site. Immediately it is worth preparing the required materials and tools.
Above, we have already touched on the issue of choosing a place. It should be taken seriously. If you do not think through all the nuances, then you can get a lot of problems. Moving a cesspool is not so easy.
After the initial preparation and choice of location, you can begin to equip the cesspool. For an outdoor toilet that does not involve continuous use, a pit measuring 1-1.5 m3 is suitable. You can prepare the pit manually or with the involvement of special equipment. However, in any case, the most optimal size will be as follows:
- Depth - 2 meters;
- Width - 1.5 meters;
- Length - 1.5 meters.
In order to strengthen the walls of the pit, you can use boards, old tires, concrete rings or bricks. Alternatively, metal or plastic barrels can be used.
When laying bricks, it is necessary to make reinforcement. Rebar or reinforced mesh is used. All seams must be carefully sealed and waterproofed. The cesspool must not leak liquid.
In the general sequence, the technology for arranging a cesspool will look like this:
- The pit is being dug. It needs to be made 30 centimeters more than the planned cesspool;
- Clay is laid and rammed to the bottom. Thickness - up to 30 cm. It will be a clay castle. Thanks to him, impurities will not penetrate the soil.
- The walls and bottom are laid out with brick, stone or boards. The main requirement will be the inability to pass water. At this stage, waterproofing is performed.
- The gap between the wall and the ground should also be sealed with clay. This is also a castle - external waterproofing.
- A cover is laid over the hole. Most often, boards with a thickness of 40 millimeters are used. In this overlap, you need to make 2 holes. The first is required for the installation of the toilet seat. The second is for the pumping hatch.
- Ventilation is in progress.
To eliminate all the laborious work of laying out walls with waterproofing, you can use some suitable container (options above) or a special one - a septic tank. This option will turn out to be 2 times faster.
Building a toilet house
Every toilet needs a cubicle. If you do it yourself, then the easiest way is to build a rectangular structure. The roof is shed. This option requires a minimum amount of time and materials. The entire construction procedure was considered in most detail in the article. .
First of all, you need to make a floor. However, it must be raised above the ground. This is best done with the help of pillars at the corners of the building. It is best to deepen them by 20-30 centimeters. They are made of stones, bricks or concrete. There are special spacers made of concrete, as in the image. However, finding them will be more difficult and more expensive than doing it yourself.
- Flooring is laid on the poles. Most often wooden. The tree is best treated with protective preparations. It is worth remembering about the aggressive environment.
- Install vertical supports. For this, a beam of 100x100 mm or more is used. You choose the height yourself, but we have given the recommended values. The front must be done 15 cm higher. This is required to create the roof slope. They are fixed to the base with plates or pieces of bars. Instead of nails, it is better to use self-tapping screws.
- At the top, the perimeter is also tied with a bar.
- A beam of 50x100 mm forms a doorway. The width is selected based on the dimensions of the door.
- The frame is sheathed with boards, plywood or OSB boards.
- Roofing is being done on the roof. As it can be used the same materials as for sheathing.
- Roofing is laid - slate, profiled sheet or soft coating.
- Doors are being installed.
Toilet without a pit
Without a pit, creating an outdoor toilet for a summer residence on your own is much easier and faster. In the options considered, you saw that all waste is collected in containers. Accordingly, for location on the street, you only need to build a suitable booth. You saw the technology for building a cubicle for an outdoor toilet. Therefore, for a toilet without a cesspool, it can be built in the same way.
Such toilets have significant advantages:
- No need to dig a hole, seal it.
- There is no need for regular pumping or cleaning.
- Waste after processing can be used as fertilizer.
However, factory toilets have their drawbacks:
- Factory toilets are expensive.
- You will need to replace the container from time to time.
- It is necessary to observe the means of neutralization.
Despite certain shortcomings, modern dry closets are gaining more and more popularity. Of course, the possibility of indoor use can outweigh all the disadvantages. When buying such a device, you do not need to be puzzled by the arrangement of an outdoor toilet at all, and the problem will be solved easily and simply.
