It is very important to design comfortable wooden staircase on the second or third floor, which will also be the least traumatic for you and your children, without losing its attractiveness. Our online calculator and its help will help solve the problem of correctly calculating a straight single-flight wooden staircase into a house.
The calculator allows you to make an online calculation of a straight staircase on stringers. The program generates based on the calculation results 3D model of a straight staircase, drawings all structural elements of a straight staircase with stringers.
How to calculate a staircase on stringers online?
Measure and enter the main dimensions of the structure - the parameters of the flight of stairs, measure the distances between the finished floor levels of the second and first floors. Then fill in the details for the stair treads, stringers and risers. Click the "Calculate" button.
In the end you will get 3D model of the staircase, designed according to your parameters, final calculated data on the design of the staircase, which includes the angle of inclination of the staircase, the number of steps, the height and width of each step of a straight wooden staircase. The staircase calculation program will draw four detailed drawings of a straight staircase on stringers:
- side view of the stairs
- top view of the stairs
- separate drawing of a straight staircase stringer
- drawing of steps
Can't decide with the required original dimensions? Below we will orient you to the main parameters of a straight staircase common in construction, its angle, the size of the steps, designed taking into account the convenience of ascending and descending a straight wooden staircase.
Optimal dimensions of stairs, angle of inclination, steps
There are SNIPs and GOSTs on the parameters of stairs, height, width of steps, which are very important to comply with in order to avoid injuries. They resort to norms GOST 23120-78 - describes the requirements for flight stairs.
- The width of the staircase opening. Z and the standard value in a private house is 90 - 110 cm. If free space is limited, you can narrow the opening width, the minimum critical value is 80 cm.
- Height and width of steps. According to standards, the maximum height of steps cannot exceed 200 mm. Usually 15 - 17 cm. The optimal step width is 27 - 30 cm.
The standard step length is 60 - 63 cm. When calculating, they often resort to the formula of the “ideal safe staircase”, developed several centuries ago by the French engineer Blondel: 2 step heights + step width = step 60 - 63 cm
- The slope angle of the stairs. The optimal comfortable angle for ascent / descent is in the range of 29 - 35 degrees.
- Wooden boards are used to make steps and risers: for the riser, the optimal thickness is 30 mm;for steps - 40 mm.
- The minimum protrusion of a wooden step (overhang) above the riser is 30 mm, the maximum is 40 mm. The overhang increases the surface of the step.
- The number of steps for one flight of stairs is no more than 18 pieces. On average 10 - 12, but, of course, this depends on the length of the march. We recommend making the number of steps odd - this way, you will start and finish going up or down the stairs with the same foot.
- The height of the railing should start from 90 cm for safety reasons.
- Finally, do not forget that the minimum height in the passage of the stairs - from any step of the flight to the nearest vertical obstacle - must be at least two meters.
If we talk about the loads experienced by a standard staircase in a residential building - 300 kg/m². P their bending should not exceed 1/400 of the span.
3D visualization will allow you to evaluate the convenience of a straight staircase on stringers, imagine the appearance of a future straight staircase made of wood, and visually experiment with the number and size of steps.
The stringer is an integral element of any staircase. When making a staircase structure with your own hands, you need to pay attention to the technology for making stringers.
Making stringers for stairs with your own hands
Making stringers is one of the initial stages of making and installing a staircase structure with your own hands. For wooden stairs, the best option would be hard wood, such as oak, for greater structural strength.
Due to the fact that two stringers will be required, the first one will serve as a sample, or template, according to which the second one must be made exactly. Even small deviations from the dimensions can lead to distortion of the staircase structure.
After cutting the workpiece and cutting out the holes for the steps, it is necessary to install and secure the stringers using self-tapping screws or anchor bolts.
In order to carry out some necessary elements and work, for example a special groin for the central support, you may need a set of cutters.
Making metal stringers yourself is a rather lengthy and difficult procedure, using metal cutters, a welding machine and many other tools. However, metal stringers are characterized by the following advantages:
- Reliability;
- Safety;
- Durability;
- Ease;
- Affordable price.
Size, width
The main and only dimensions of the stringer are width and height, which are determined by the following characteristics:
The height of the stringer directly depends on the height of the room and the overall dimensions of the staircase structure.
The width of the staircase element is determined by the width of the opening and steps, which actually constitute the required size (for convenience, it is recommended to add a few “cm”).
Calculating the dimensions of the stringer of a staircase structure also depends on the angle of inclination of the beam; it is recommended to take values from 20 degrees to 70 degrees. There are recommended generally accepted angles for constructing staircase structures:
9°-20° - external gentle stairs.
21°-36° - for residential or public buildings.
37°-41° - installed inside apartments.
42°-45° – for attics and basements.
46° - 70 – ladders of the stirrup type.
For stairs installed inside residential premises, it is best to choose an angle ranging from 35 degrees to 40 degrees. This value will not cause discomfort when moving up the stairs.
When calculating the size of the stringer, you should be guided by one construction trick - the rule of a right triangle: the sum of the squares of the legs is equal to the square of the hypotenuse. That is, A²+B²=C². In this formula
· A – height of the stringer,
B – length of the flight of stairs,
· C – stringer length.
Which is better: bowstring - stringer
The main load-bearing elements of staircase structures, regardless of the type and material used, are bowstrings and stringers, which have different designs and purposes.
The bowstring is used in cases where the steps are located, as inside the space of a staircase, it is due to the bowstring that they are attached to the structure. Bowstrings are special inclined beams (2 pieces) installed on the sides of the stairs.
The stringer is used when the steps lay on top of the main frame; in fact, the steps are attached directly to the stringer.
The similarity between a bowstring and a stringer is that these are two inclined beams, but the significant difference lies directly in the chosen design of the staircase structure.
Stairs with stringers visually seem much lighter and more compact than structures using bowstrings.
Making steps: board - plywood
Regardless of the basis of the staircase structure itself, to ensure the strength of the staircase, it is always recommended to make steps from wood, and then you can choose any finishing option. In this case, the essential question becomes, what to choose: board or plywood?
The choice between board and plywood is not significant; the distinguishing characteristics are:
- Subsequent finishing.
- Strength qualities.
If plywood is used, in the future it is necessary to use putty and special finishing materials, however, with wood, it will be possible to simply paint the steps with a fixing varnish that matches the color and shade of the chosen style in the interior.
Plywood is mainly used as a finishing material for the inside of stairs.
When arranging monolithic staircase structures, it is possible to pour concrete both for the entire staircase and only for the stringers, which are intended for the future installation of steps on them. Thus, the staircase structure is created lighter and more elegant. In the version of a monolithic reinforced concrete staircase, the stringer is inseparable from the steps.
In order for the stringers and steps to turn out beautiful and even, they must be poured simultaneously under the formwork. For structural strength, a frame is made of reinforcement with metal rods. Such rules apply to all staircase structures of this type, regardless of whether the staircase is a marching or spiral staircase. Along the entire flight of stairs it is necessary to lay wooden plates, which will subsequently serve as supports for the fences.
For pouring concrete staircase structures, it is permissible to use only B15 concrete!
Types of stringers
Stringers, as well as staircase structures, differ in type and technique; among the types of stringers the following are distinguished:
Other types of stringers are used in staircase structures quite rarely.
Installation of steps to the stringers occurs in two ways; according to this characteristic, a division can also be made:
The second option is used in cases where the horizontality of the future staircase needs to be leveled. In order to correct the misalignment, it is necessary to make the stringer in the form of a comb with small teeth, into which flat steps will later be laid.
Steps laid using the classical method on a stringer are mainly used for stairs made on a metal frame; a toothed comb can only be made of wood.
Reinforced concrete stringers are rarely used in private houses or country cottages; such structures are mainly used for apartment and high-rise buildings. Reinforced concrete stringers are quite difficult to make independently without the appropriate devices and equipment; such stringers are made mainly at industrial enterprises, in factory conditions.
Metal stringers can be made from brands or profile pipes, however, when installing such a structure in a house, you should be prepared for the fact that it is quite bulky.
Wooden stringers are a massive wide board or beam with a large cross-section.
The only important factor determining the stringer is its strength, since it is the stringer that is responsible for reliably moving up the stairs. The stringer carries the load of all the constituent elements of the staircase structure and, in addition, must withstand the daily load provided by the level of traffic on the stairs.
When performing the stringer yourself, you need to pay special attention to its calculations. Also, such an element in the staircase is highly susceptible to swaying and vibration.
Library stairs
Library staircases are generally small-sized and, as a rule, of a spiral type. The purpose of library stairs is quite limited - climbing to small heights in a limited space.
Library stairs are quite relevant for climbing a balustrade, which extends up to half of a small room.
In some modern interiors, library staircase structures are used as support for two-level bedrooms.
Making a stringer for a staircase with your own hands: size, width, how to make it, which is better - a bowstring or a stringer, what to make steps from: board, plywood, assembly of a wooden stringer ladder, calculation of steps on a concrete stringer, flights of stairs, what library stairs are made of
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The biggest obstacle to building straight stairs is the lack of space. Therefore they are extremely rare. Yet they are the simplest option for. Let's consider the manufacture and calculation of stairs on stringers, since models on strings usually require greater care in the calculations and qualifications of the worker.
All dimensions are relative and adjusted to the size of the staircase opening. But there are building rules and regulations that it is advisable to adhere to. This primarily concerns the height of the tread (15-20 cm), the width of the step (not less than 22 cm), the width of the flight (not less than 90 cm), the angle of inclination of the flight of stairs (no more than 45°), which are the basis for safe operation. Deviation from these dimensions makes it dangerous and inconvenient.
So, the first size that is known in advance is the lifting height H, which should take into account the level of the finished floor on both floors.
Calculation of stair steps
To calculate the width of the step (or width of the step), we first need to determine the height of the step (tread). The lifting height is known, the step height is specified by standards, for example 18 cm. This way we can calculate how many treads will be needed. If the lift height is 250 cm, then 250 cm/18 cm = 13.88 pcs. We round this figure to a larger number, that is, the number of required treads is 14 pieces.
Now, knowing the number of risers, you can clearly calculate the height of each tread 250 cm/14 pieces = 17.85 cm. Based on these calculations, it becomes clear that 14 risers with a height of 17.85 cm will be required.
You can experiment with this formula by reducing the height of the riser and adding 1-2 more treads. For example, 250 cm/15 pieces = 16.66 cm. Adding 1-2 risers will make the step height smaller and the staircase more comfortable.
Before determining whether it is possible to add more treads, you need to calculate whether there is enough space along the length in the stairwell (L). For these purposes, it is necessary to calculate the size L. To calculate, you need to build on SNIPs, according to which the width of the step must be at least 22 cm (this is already a critical size). The best step width is 27 cm. To calculate the length of the march, we calculate 2 options (minimum and maximum).
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Calculation of the length of the stairs
To do this, it is necessary to multiply the length of the proposed step by the number of steps (the number of steps equals the number of treads minus 1). In this case, 14 and 13 steps will be required, respectively.
27 cm*14 treads=405 cm (maximum march length).
22 cm*13 treads=286 cm (minimum march length);
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Calculation of the height of the staircase opening
At this stage, it is necessary to determine whether there is enough space in the stairwell to install a comfortable flight of stairs. To determine this, draw a floor line for the second floor at the calculated distances, and determine whether this distance is enough.
If the flight of stairs does not work in any of the calculated options, it will be necessary to change the design of the stairs.
Now that you have found the end and beginning of the stairs, you can determine whether there is enough headroom. In this case, the overlap of the 2nd floor falls on the 3rd step, that is, the height at which the person will be at that moment will be 3 * 17.85 cm (tread height) = 53.55 cm. Please note that the distance there should be at least 20 cm between the person’s head and the ceiling. Now that you have all the main dimensions of the staircase, you can calculate the required length of the stringer.
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Calculation of stringer length
The calculation for a straight staircase of the stringer length is carried out using the Pythagorean formula:
- where h is height;
- l—length;
- k - kosour.
That is, k=√(h 2 +l 2)=√(4.052 +2.52) =4.75. The length of the stringer will be 4.75 m.
Therefore, it is necessary to purchase 2 bowstrings, each 5 m long (for reserve)
The marking is done using a carpenter's angle. When you have marked the steps, number them in order.
When considering the number of treads, the thickness of the steps was ignored. Since it is the same, each step of the tread height will also increase equally, except for the first step at the bottom. Therefore, we reduce the height of the first step by the thickness of 1 step, cutting off the lower part of the stringer.
The most convenient way to cut it is with a jigsaw; do not go beyond the marked lines on the stringers, as this can weaken them.
Place this element against the opening of the flight of stairs and make sure that it is positioned correctly. The lower part should lie on the floor, and the upper part should lie on the floor beam of the second floor. Check the level for compliance of steps (horizontal planes) and treads (vertical planes)
Use the resulting product as a template for cutting and marking the second one.
Errors that are made when both stringers and markings are not completely identical will later affect the steps of the stairs: they will not sit correctly, which will lead to squeaks over time.
Therefore, they are cut out everywhere. By placing one on top of the other, you can see the difference in the cut parts that needs to be corrected. Once you are sure that everything is identical, you can begin installation.
To give rigidity to the structure, you need to connect the elements together with a transverse beam, for this purpose cutting out a quarter of both at the ends. This operation must be repeated on the upper floor.
When installing to the upper ceiling, it is necessary to take into account the floor level. The height of the upper tread, which is adjacent to the ceiling, should not be greater than the rest. To do this, mark a line on the ceiling along which the flight of stairs will be mounted, taking into account the thickness of the steps.
Fastening to the floor and ceiling is carried out using anchor bolts. If the walls allow, it is advisable to attach them to them using the same bolts.
Once the flight of stairs is attached, you can begin installing the risers and treads. Remember that the strength of the entire staircase structure depends on whether the flight of stairs is securely fastened.
We begin installation of risers from the bottom. They are fastened from the front using self-tapping screws; the holes are then sealed with wooden plugs or wood putty. If you don’t want to have screws on the visible part of the stairs, use furniture ties and glue on the inside.
It should be noted that risers are not necessary for the structural integrity of the stairs; stairs are often built without them.
If the staircase is open, then the step step becomes more convenient and larger, since the toe of the foot in this case does not rest against the riser.
After this, you can begin the final stage - installing the steps. To attach them, use screws and self-tapping screws, glue, metal corners, and ties.
This is how the stairs on stringers are calculated. Everything can be done quite simply and quickly if you approach it wisely. The final version of the staircase, of course, depends on the wishes and imagination of the owner.
After the calculations, you can purchase materials, tools and begin constructing the structure. After installation, decorative finishing is carried out. Various materials are used for this. Wood is more suitable for home stairs.
If the calculation is difficult to do yourself, you can contact a specialized company. Qualified employees will not only make calculations, but also give valuable recommendations on the choice of material, equipment, and the installation process itself.
When building a house with several floors, it is very important to design the staircase correctly. And special attention should be paid to the stringer. Do-it-yourself construction is a rather meticulous process. After all, you need to calculate the necessary parameters in advance and select the material. And only after that start working.
See what a metal staircase looks like on stringers http://antey-lestnica.ru/products/listnizi/9/
Species
Stringers are distinguished by size, material from which they are made, location and shape.
Often people cannot decide what to make a stringer out of. Wood is more convenient when designing stairs, but concrete and metal are more reliable. It can be located in the center or on the sides.
The following forms are distinguished:
- direct;
- screw;
- broken.
How to correctly calculate the size of a stringer
It is this stage of staircase design that is the most critical. After all, if you make even the slightest mistake in the calculations, the staircase will become aesthetically unattractive and even dangerous. Therefore, it is worth approaching this process with full responsibility. First, you need to find a photo on the Internet to understand what stair stringers are. This will make it easier for you to understand what parameters are discussed below.
There are seven parameters for calculating sizes. Each of them is designated by a Latin letter.
- H – height of the stairs;
- H1 – headroom height;
- h – riser height;
- L1 – horizontal projection length;
- L – opening length;
- l – tread depth;
- n – number of steps.
For those who have only recently started tinkering with their hands, it is quite difficult to choose the correct sizes for these parameters. Therefore, it is worth paying attention to some rules:
- the height of the headspace (H1) should not be less than two meters;
- tread depth (l) should be within 25-40 centimeters;
- The height of the riser (h) must be at least 12, but not more than 22 centimeters.
To ensure that your own stair stringer is perfectly designed, use the formula: multiply the riser height (H1) by two and add the tread depth (l). If the result is within 60-65, then you have chosen the dimensions correctly and the ladder will be easy to use.
How to calculate parameters using the Pythagorean theorem
For those who have forgotten, the Pythagorean theorem sounds like this: the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the square of one leg and the square of the second leg. And this theorem is denoted as follows: c2=a2+b2.
In this case, c is the length of the plank, b is the height from the first floor to the second, c is the distance from the first step of the stairs to the landing above.
How to make a stringer for a staircase with your own hands from metal
In order to make a metal structure, you will need a channel and fillets. The channel is a metal profile in the shape of the letter U, and the filly is a right angle, which is made from two metal pieces by welding. Let's get to work. We place the channel at such an angle that the fillies stand straight on it. Because it is on the fillies that the tread is attached. When the channel is fixed, you need to apply marks in order to then weld fillets to these marks.
And in order for the second channel to be marked correctly, you just need to attach it to the already marked channel and transfer the marks. This way, you will not experience any unevenness during the construction of the step. If you did everything correctly, then you can start attaching the steps themselves.
You can also see the end result for a DIY metal staircase using the video.
How to make a stringer with your own hands from wood
The principle is the same as making stringers for stairs with your own hands from metal. In the case of metal, the steps were attached by welding. And in the case of wood, the steps are attached with screws or dowels. You can watch the video to see how to properly make a stringer with your own hands from wood.
What type of wood to use
It is advisable that the entire staircase be made from the same type of wood. This will ensure easier work while constructing the stairs. When choosing a tree, you need to focus on what is more important to you: ease of use or quality. If the first option, then choose softwood boards. If quality is important to you, then beech or oak are ideal for stairs. But keep in mind that processing these tree species is quite difficult.
Making a concrete stringer
The calculation is made using the same method as for metal and wood. But before constructing, it is necessary to make the formwork. Particular attention must be paid to ensuring that it is impenetrable. After all, when working with this type, cement should not leak out. If everything is done correctly, it's time to start placing the reinforcement bars. They must be welded together. The form is ready. Now you can pour the concrete.
Important: you don’t need to compact the concrete all at once, but as you work. This way it will harden evenly.
If it is still unclear to you what stringers for stairs are, contact an experienced craftsman. It’s enough to choose exactly the video for yourself, which tells step-by-step instructions on how to make a stringer with your own hands.
The advantage of a stringer over a bowstring
A bowstring is another type of load-bearing beam. It differs in that the steps are attached inside. If you are wondering: a staircase with bowstrings or stringers, which is better, then you should make a decision depending on the location of the entire staircase. If the space for the stairs is unlimited, then it is better to opt for a bowstring. After all, doing it is much easier and faster. But if space is limited, then you will have to suffer.
Stairs on stringers can be made with your own hands. When designing and constructing a building higher than one floor, one cannot help but think about the construction of a staircase. The most common staircase structures are:
- on stringers;
- on bowstrings;
- on pain;
- screw.
But we can safely say that the most common and in demand are stringer stairs. Their advantages include:
- use of a wide range of materials;
- ease of manufacture and installation;
- when the width and height are specified, they can be easily adapted to the required dimensions;
- simple fastening of steps, if necessary they are easy to replace;
- the ability to place stringers closer or further from the edges of the steps;
- decent appearance that is easy to stylize if desired.
Design Features
Stringers are supporting parts of the stairs that are installed at a certain angle and steps are attached to them. In another way they are called beams. Depending on the width of the staircase structure being built, as well as the materials for manufacturing, its structure may contain one or more such elements.
How to make a stringer for stairs? Having the necessary information and the necessary materials, you can make such a design yourself.
What materials are used? Various materials are used to create staircase structures. To make a stringer, the following are most often used:
- wood;
- rolled metal;
- reinforced concrete.
Among all, the easiest material to process for staircases on stringers is wood.
Its characteristics, such as a high level of mechanical strength, low specific gravity and attractive appearance, add to its advantages. The wooden structure lends itself well to grinding and polishing, and with the production of modern protective equipment, it is perfectly protected from moisture and other adverse influences.
A wooden staircase on two stringers is a classic option that fits into almost any interior. Making a wooden staircase is so simple that it can easily be done at home. This does not require special tools; everything you need can easily be found in your home workshop.
A more difficult material to process, but no less used, is metal. To construct a metal stringer, types of rolled products such as an I-beam, channel or rectangular pipe are often used. Almost always, when a structure is made on one stringer, it is made of metal. However, the more common option is to use two beams.
The metal structure is strong, reliable and allows you to make curved variations of stairs, which is an indisputable advantage of the material. However, making a curved stringer at home will not be possible. And you can try to make a straight, more traditional stringer with your own hands if you have the skills to work with metal, a grinder and a welding machine.
Regarding reinforced concrete, it is often used in mass housing construction. Typically, such stairs are cast in a factory as a ready-made monolith. In this case, the beams and steps are inseparable from each other. But some factories produce separately manufactured beams and steps. This design is assembled on site in parts using metal pins and mortar. It will be problematic to assemble a reinforced concrete structure on stringers with your own hands without the help of a crane.
Calculation of the dimensions of the structure
- Structure height. The distance from the floor on which the structure is mounted to the floor of the next floor is measured vertically (including floors).
- Total horizontal length of the structure. The distance that the ladder will occupy from the first to the last step.
- Tread depth. The distance allotted for placing your foot when climbing stairs. Often it is taken in the interval of 25-40 cm; this distance is considered ergonomic and safe when using the stairs.
- Riser height. A riser measuring 12-22 cm will be convenient. Lower - the steps will be too small; higher - you will have to raise your leg too high; in both cases, using the stairs may not be very convenient.
Calculation example.
Let's say the height is 3 m;
Desired length 4.5 m;
For example, let’s take the depth of the tread to be 30 cm (0.3 m).
Let's calculate the number of steps: divide the length of the stairs by the depth of the tread and get the required number.
4.5 m / 0.3 m = 15 pieces.
Let's calculate the height of the riser for this design: divide the height of the stairs by the number of steps calculated above and find the required height:
3 m / 15 pcs. = 0.2 m (or 20 cm).
This size is included in the generally accepted range and is convenient for using the stairs.
To calculate the length of the stringer, imagine that the entire structure is a triangle. The role of the legs is played by the length and height of the staircase, and the beam is its hypotenuse. Knowing two sizes, using the Pythagorean theorem, we find the third.
Video about making a simple staircase using a cut stringer and calculating the stringer:
Calculation example.
The squared height plus the squared length equals the squared length of the stringer. We take the square root of the resulting number and find the length of the beam for our stairs.
32 + 4.52 = 9 + 20.25 = e29.25 = 5.4 m.
It turns out that for a staircase with such dimensions you will need a beam 5.4 m long. Having done these simple calculations correctly, you can make a stringer with your own hands and build a staircase at home yourself.
However, do not forget about such an important point as the fragility of the stringer. It determines the strength and resistance to constant and variable loads on beams and the staircase as a whole. Calculation for instability can be made by knowing what materials will be used for beams, steps, railings and finishing. It is very important to do this calculation correctly. Otherwise, the structure may sag or be destroyed.
Manufacturing of the product
How to make a stringer for a wooden staircase? A simple wooden staircase on stringers can be made quite quickly on your own. Often the most ordinary wooden structure for a cottage consists of such elements as:
- two beams;
- steps;
- risers;
- railing
For such a staircase on stringers, you can purchase ready-made steps and railings, but the beams can be made by yourself. In addition to the material, you will need the following tools:
- saw;
- hammer;
- screwdriver;
- drill;
- grinding machine;
- roulette;
- level;
- dowels, screws;
- pencil and square.
Video about making a spiral staircase on a stringer:
To make beams, you need to stock up on boards at least 6 cm thick and 25-30 cm wide. In addition to the size, you should pay attention to the quality of the wood. Most often they use oak, maple, pine or beech, carefully checking the boards for cracks and other damage that could reduce the strength of the structure. Finding quality material may not be easy, so using laminated veneer lumber may be a good idea.
Video about making a staircase using a broken stringer:
Having selected the boards, they need to be marked according to the calculations made in advance. Using a corner, we mark with a pencil the places where the cuts will be made for the steps. At the ends we mark the places where there will be grooves for the transverse board, which is attached to both beams. Its length is usually equal to the width of the stairs. We make the second stringer for the stairs in the same way.
When all the steps are marked, use a saw to make the necessary cuts in the board strictly according to the pencil. The lower end of the beam, which will be fixed to the floor, is cut parallel to the places where the steps are attached. The upper part of the beams is cut at the desired angle depending on the method of fastening the structure. After all the necessary cuts have been made, you need to sand the finished beams. Now all that remains is to fasten all the parts (beams, steps, railings, risers) into place, and the staircase on the stringers will be ready.
