The design of the interior door drawing. Doors made of wood with their own hands. Production of wooden doors: drawings, photos. door material

Modern interior designs are numerous in relation to the materials used and their direct arrangement. The choice of interior buildings for a home or office is carried out based on a number of conditions: the opening system, external data, device reliability.

Types of interior doors by opening method

There are six key interior doors on the market of internal door products according to the opening / closing method: sliding, hinged, in the form of a “book”, folding, rotary, pendulum.

Swing interior devices - pros and cons

These are door designs of a classical look with hinge fastening. Depending on the fittings used, the sashes open in one or both directions at the same time.

Important! All fittings in these doors are easily replaceable.

To choose the right swing doors, you need to know their design features and varieties.

Varieties of swing structures:

• Single-leaf products are easy to use, are used everywhere;
• Bivalve are mounted more often in spacious rooms, equipped with two canvases.

All swing doors are divided into the following types:

• Solid. They have a flat and smooth surface. Cloths are made of wood or using a frame;
• Milled are used to create masonite doors. The direct depth of the cutter affects the thickness of the web, thanks to this approach, the product acquires a solid appearance;
• Paneled panels are made of binding and frame. The design is divided into separate parts, each of which has a frame and a peculiar filling. Plywood, wood, glass, fiberboard is used for filling;
• Glass products are used to delimit and visually expand the space;
• Metal-plastic interior doors are more often used for office premises. Such products are moisture resistant, cut off noise well.

Benefits of swing systems:

• Perfectly fit into a modern interior;
• Extensive model range;
• Availability;
• Reliability;
• Huge range of material;
• Wide range of colors;
• Easy to operate.

The disadvantages include the following points:

• It is necessary to control that the product does not subside;

Important! Limiters are installed to prevent deformation of the floor covering.

• Takes up space when open.

Sliding interior systems

The device of this kind of interior door includes the following components:

• cloth;
• Box, mounted, in the opening;
• Guides. This structural element is responsible for the direct movement of the web;
• Accessories.

The canvas of the building is made in one piece or from several parts. The number of canvases is determined by the width of the opening.

Important! With all the variety of models, the mechanisms for opening interior doors are of the same type, and the products themselves differ only in appearance.

The most popular types:

• Compartment doors;
• Cascading;
• Harmonic;
• With multiple doors;
• Radius.

Regarding the type of opening, the following types of interior doors are distinguished:

• Retractable structures consist of a single leaf, which "rides" on a special roller mechanism in different directions;
• Sliding double doors. A design feature is two wings, which, when plowing open, move in opposite directions. But the method of plowing depends on the type of roller mechanism - coordinated or independent. When using a coordinated mechanism, if one leaf is opened, the second one automatically starts to move. An independent mechanism is not endowed with such abilities;
• Cassette doors. With such a device, at the moment of plowing, the canvas is hidden in the wall.

Before giving preference to sliding products, let's get acquainted with their strengths and weaknesses.

Positive points:

• Space saving;
• The closing of the wings is not affected by a draft;
• The ability to open the sash without effort;
• It is possible to automate the design;
• No thresholds.

The downsides include the following:

• The shutters in the closed state do not fit snugly against the box, so sound and heat insulation is reduced;
• There are restrictions regarding the shape of the opening;

Important! If you purchase a device with cheap fittings, this will affect the performance of the product.

Internal door-book

These systems differ from classical models in that they do not require large free space when plowing, therefore they save space. They are designed in such a way that when plowing the sashes fold.

In most cases, the door-book has two wings, but their number is adjustable. The sashes are made symmetrical or asymmetrical.

Door elements open in one or two directions at the same time. Door transoms can be located on the edge of the opening, along the wall or go into it.

Production material - wood or products of its processing. The range of this type of interior doors is extensive. Actual models with a mirror coating or glazing.

Interior doors-books are presented in a wide price range.

The advantages of this kind of device:

• System security. The doors are equipped with a special mechanism that prevents sudden slamming;
• Space saving;
• Modern design;
• Ease of installation.

Among the negative points are low sound and heat insulation.

Important! Premium models are equipped with expensive fittings and high-quality seals, which avoids the penetration of noise into the room.

Folding interior doors

This type of construction is used for small apartments, but it has more negative points than positive ones.

Advantages:

• The key advantage is significant space savings;
• Easy to install;
• Availability.

Negative points:

• There is no soundproofing. This moment is influenced by the holes that can be seen in the entire structure above and below the door, between the elements themselves;
• Does not prevent the penetration of odors, here too the holes in the structure play the role;
• The service life is short;
• The abundance of moving elements leads to the fact that the door often jams.

Interior folding doors are limited by the type of materials for manufacturing:

• Plastic. This version of the product does not last long, since all elements are made of plastic. The membranes between the structural elements are made of a soft rubber-like material. But during operation, they burst, the device becomes unusable and requires repair. Plastic does not withstand the effects of temperatures, and the structure is deformed after a short time.
• Wood. Such material is preferable to use for folding devices. Since there are no plastic elements, but metal is used.

Rotary doors

A feature of this type of interior door is the swinging system, which includes swinging, sliding and pendulum operating principles.

Important! Rotary structures are equipped with a unique mechanism that sets the direct trajectory of the door during operation.

The door is equipped with a modern rotary-sliding mechanism, which consists of three components:

• A guide with a groove installed on top of the box;
• A swivel joint with a roller, which contributes to the easy rotation of the device and smooth running along the guide;
• A lever connected to the upper mechanism, an axis of rotation built into one of the racks of the box. Thanks to this approach, the lever ensures the fixation of the canvas in space.

Advantages of a roto door:

• Versatility;
• Simple installation procedure. Since the door device is delivered assembled, the master only needs to mount it in the opening;
• Excellent sound and heat insulation. This moment is achieved thanks to the brush type seal;
• Ease of operation;
• Opening originality.

The disadvantages include the following points:

• Such a mechanism is not suitable for massive doors - the heavy weight of the sash will affect its service life;
• High price;
• The complexity of the device does not allow you to make a door yourself.

Pendulum interior systems

This type of interior door is a kind of swing systems. The key difference between the pendulum device is the ability to swing open in any direction. All pendulum-type structures are equipped with a built-in spring-loaded axial mechanism into which the web is embedded.

The axial mechanism can be with or without closers.

Important! For the normal functioning of the door device with a closer, the use of additional spring elements, which are located above and below the device, becomes a prerequisite.

Pendulum interior doors are divided into subspecies:

• Glass. The advantage of these products is durability and ease of use;
• Aluminum. These are glass doors placed in an aluminum frame;
• PVC. Classic models equipped with double-glazed windows;
• Wooden.

Benefits of pendulum systems:

• The absence of a box facilitates installation. But at the same time, due to the absence of such a structural element, sound and heat insulation is reduced;
• Lower axial fastening, on which the entire load falls;
• The possibility of versatile plowing;
• The closing speed of the sash is adjustable thanks to the upper axial fastening.

Negative factors:

• Poor sound insulation;
• High cost.

Types of interior doors according to the material of manufacture and decoration

Among the abundance of varieties of interior doors, it is required to choose the right material for the manufactured device.

Interior doors made of solid wood belong to the highest price category, since valuable wood species are used for their manufacture. Paneled and panel products are produced.

Important! The surface of the product is covered with a special varnish, a protective film based on paper.

Advantages of wood products:

• Attractive appearance;
• Environmental friendliness;
• Moisture resistance.

The negative factors include the high price.

Veneered door products

Various types of coatings are used to improve the appearance of canvases made from inexpensive wood species. The most common technology is pasting the surface of the product with veneer. The base is also made of chipboard, on which precious wood veneer is attached on both sides.

The use of such a door should be careful. You will have to monitor the temperature and humidity in the room. If the operating conditions are violated, the used wood swells, which will lead to peeling of the coating.

Product advantages:

• The outer coating of precious wood gives the product an expensive look;
• Resistance to mechanical stress;
• Minor weight;
• Availability.

However, due to direct sunlight, faded spots may occur on the surface, which becomes a minus of such products.

Plastic products

In the manufacture of the surface of plastic panels, a texture is attached that thoroughly imitates wood of various species.

Key positive properties of plastic products:

• resistance to moisture;
• Strength;
• Excellent sound and heat insulation properties.

Important! To achieve the tightness of the product, elastic seals are used.

Glass interior sheets

Transparent interior designs are gaining immense popularity because they help to delimit and visually expand the space. For manufacturing, shock-resistant glass is used (at least 8 mm thick), which gives the device strength.

Positive properties:

• Visual increase in space;
• moisture resistance;
• No deformation;
• Ease of maintenance.

• Such products are afraid of impacts with sharp objects;
• high cost;
• The complexity of installation;
• Significant weight.

Different models differ in appearance, cost, and functions performed. Choosing the material of the interior model, rely on your own tastes and preferences.

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Externally, paneled doors resemble a chocolate bar with slices of various shapes and sizes, but they look solid and aesthetically pleasing. Panels are separate elements that are inserted into the frame frame of the door leaf. Once paneled doors were made exclusively from solid wood, and they were installed not only in wall openings, but also as doors on furniture cabinets. Today, there are a large number of combined models on the market, the inserts of which are made from a variety of modern materials.

What are panels for?

Interior doors are part of the interior, so their appearance is treated scrupulously. But in addition to attractiveness, they must be reliable, comfortable and durable. All these parameters correspond to door blocks with paneled canvases, the design of which can be matched to many style solutions.

The design of a paneled interior door consists of several separate parts that help maintain the rigidity and geometric stability of the leaf when the humidity or temperature conditions in the room change. The secret is that the panel does not have a rigid fastening with strapping, and the dimensions of the fragments are somewhat smaller compared to the distance between the mounting grooves.

Such a movable structure compensates for possible deformations of the materials of manufacture, as a result of which there are no distortions of the door leaf.

An important point is the fact that the interior panel doors have a relatively low weight. At the same time, their sound insulation has quite good performance.

Paneled canvases look much more attractive than flat and milled doors with a simple pattern. Volumetric and figured inserts with exquisite lines are additionally decorated with:

• kalevka, which are shaped profiles;
• chamfers with artistically hewn edges.

Without a doubt, the presence of panels on the door makes it more aesthetic and, despite the external massiveness, more elegant. And the possibility of making various forms of panels and a wide selection of manufacturing materials provides a real chance for an exclusive, presentable model of an interior door to appear in the house. Moreover, modern technologies allow even inexpensive products to look decent.

The design of paneled canvases

The strapping frame of the sash is most often made of solid wood or glued beams. The side elements of the frame are fastened to the crossbars and mullions using spikes or dowels (chops), depending on the material of manufacture. The strapping details can have different widths and thicknesses, which should be sufficient to accommodate the panels.

Depending on the installation option and the material of the panels, the fragments are assembled into a finished frame in workshop conditions, or locally. They are attached in two ways:

• the elements are alternately inserted into the grooves previously cut in the sidewalls, mullions and crossbars;
• inserts are fixed with decorative strips or glazing beads, like glass in window frames. This option allows you to easily replace the panels in the leaf if any fragment is damaged or if the door design is updated.

For a paneled door, inserts are the main decoration. The most popular materials for their manufacture are:

• wood;
• MDF and HDF;
• glass;
• plastic;
• plywood;
• sandwich panels with cellular filler.

In the latter case, it becomes possible to purchase a panel door at a lower price if compared with wooden counterparts. But in the design of the cheapest products, the interior of the inserts remains hollow. Quite often there are models of paneled interior doors that combine inserts from different materials in one leaf. For example, in the lower part of the sash there may be a blank panel made of wood or MDF, and in the upper part - glass or stained glass.

It is difficult to confuse a paneled door with any other model. The clearly visible frame-like lining and thinner inserts are the characteristic features of the product, which from afar indicate its ownership. It is interesting that the thickness of the three-dimensional (figure) panels may well be greater than the corresponding size of the skin, but their edges remain thin. Otherwise, the inserts will not be able to be fixed in the frame.

There are so-called "Pressed panel doors" on the market, but apart from the external imitation of the outlines of the inserts, they have nothing in common with real panel doors.

The buyer should remember that low-quality door leaves appear only in case of deviation from the technology of manufacturing and assembling paneled products, as well as when using low-grade materials. Such products can simply crumble into separate elements over time.

Often for paneled doors they take products with a removable overhead grille installed over an insert that occupies the entire area of ​​​​the door leaf. This type of sash has a completely different name and is only a stylization of panels, since a separate, independent fragment must be inserted into each cell.

In the manufacture of paneled doors, insert fragments are made:

• smooth, having a uniform thickness over the entire area;
• figurine, characterized by a convex middle part and thin edges;
• floating, made from blanks of the same thickness as the frame frame.

Single panels are installed in the interior doors, since they do not need additional insulation, although double inserts are used to improve sound insulation, between which an air gap is left or a layer of soundproofing material is laid.

Finishing interior door panels

Paneled sashes provide two main finishes:

• solid - with the same design of all elements;
• contrasting - with a deliberate selection of panels due to color, texture or material.

The wooden surfaces of the paintings are treated with antiseptics and flame retardants, they are tinted and primed, and then painted. Wood boards are laminated or pasted over with valuable wood veneer, and glass is matted, decorated with sandblasted patterns or other available methods. There are many options, so the flight of fancy in the decoration of paneled doors is not limited.

Stained-glass windows look prestigious as a paneled insert in an interior door. An equally spectacular decorative painting applied on both sides of the glass will help replace an expensive designer product. She is able to create a full-fledged imitation of stained glass.

Paneled door repair

Even the most reliable interior door may require repair at some point. But now we are not talking about skewed canvases or wear of the loops. For paneled doors, one of the reasons for the restoration is inserted fragments, namely, their loosening, cracking or the need to replace for various reasons. And if you can try to strengthen the loosened elements with beading beads, and putty and paint over small gaps, then you will have to “conjure” with the replacement of individual parts.

The repair process largely depends on the design of the door leaf, in particular, on the mounting option for the panels.

To replace the fragments inserted into the grooves of the frame frame, the sash will have to be removed from the hinges and disassembled. This should be done carefully, avoiding breakage of the connecting spikes and destruction of the dowels. Experts recommend using old dowels planted on glue for further assembly of the frame. New fasteners after shrinkage can lead to a violation of the strength characteristics of the frame. After replacing the panels, the canvas is reassembled.

If the inserts on the leaf of a paneled door are fixed with glazing beads or decorative strips, then the elimination of defects is much easier. To do this, you do not even need to remove the sash from the hinges, but you will need:

• remove fasteners from one side of the sash;
• pull out the replacement panel;
• insert a new element;
• nail or glue glazing beads, mugs or chamfers.

By the way, according to the material of manufacture and finish, the installed fragments may well differ from the door trim, but only if all of them are replaced. When changing only one panel, its appearance will need to be as close as possible to the rest of the door elements so as not to disturb the overall harmony.

Modern interior doors are distinguished by a large selection of design, construction types, materials used and functionality. The choice is taken seriously, because their beauty affects the prestige of the home, and the functionality determines the quality of life in it.

With their help, redevelopment and division of space into functional zones is carried out. In addition, guests involuntarily pay attention to really beautiful doors. Properly executed installation of interior doors guarantees against the appearance of drafts and excessive noise. You can install them correctly on your own, or you can trust professionals.

Varieties of interior structures

Interior doors differ in the material of manufacture:

• An array of wood. The material is traditional for elite class designs, both double and single leaf. Especially Finnish, made from high quality wood.
• Laminated or veneered MDF or chipboard. These doors are characterized by high performance and good appearance at a relatively low cost. Products of Finnish manufacturers are distinguished by a high class of performance.
• Glass. The use of glass doors has no operational or installation restrictions. But the installation of glass structures requires the utmost accuracy and precision.
• Plastic. A good alternative where the use of wood is impractical.

There are the following types of structures:

• According to the method of opening - hinged and sliding. The latter are the usual sliding, coupe and folding, which differ in "accordion" and "book". Particularly popular are compartment doors, which save space. The most traditional installation of swing doors.
• According to the internal structure of the canvas - panel and paneled. It concerns more oar wooden ones, rather than glass and plastic ones.
• According to the external design - deaf and with inserts.

There are options for one- and two-leaf, right-hand and left-hand designs. The choice of double-leaf doors is determined by the width of the opening. The use of double doors provides a certain convenience. In addition, the appearance of double structures is always more presentable.

Tool and installation steps

Installation begins with the preparation of the necessary tools and consumables. You will need:

• Drill.
• Screwdriver.
• Hacksaw.
• Roulette.
• Level.
• Plumb.
• Corner.
• Chisels.
• Pencil.
• Fasteners: self-tapping screws and dowels.
• Mounting foam.
• Putty and grout kit.
• Wedges, spacers.

The right technology includes the following steps:

• Dismantling the old door and preparing the doorway. It can be dismantled with a crowbar. If the frame structure is to be used, it must be dismantled carefully.

In this case, it is better to dismantle the box with more gentle tools. You can dismantle the hinges simply by unscrewing the screws. Removing locks and handles is just as easy. Platbands can also be dismantled without damage to their surfaces.

• The passage is cleared. If necessary, it can be reduced or increased.
• Box installation. In the case of compartment doors, it is not required. The box can also be reduced or expanded.
• Canvas installation. Or two in the case of double-leaf structures.
• Fitting cutout.
• Doorway trim.
• Installation of dobors and platbands.

Box installation

If the dismantling of the old box is carried out qualitatively, you can use it. Replace only if severe wear occurs.

It is correct to start the installation of wooden products with the assembly and installation of the frame. To do this, a scheme is preliminarily thought out.

You can replace old doors with new ones by buying the latest ones in the store.

It is recommended to purchase products from famous companies, for example, Finnish ones. Ready-made structures do not require assembly. To a greater extent, this applies to glass and plastic doors. Coupe also comes with a complete set.

In this case, the scheme is simplified to adjust the dimensions of the doorway. For this, add-ons are used. If the opening needs to be reduced, it is broken and leveled with plaster. To reduce the box, cut off the excess parts of the racks.

There are the following assembly options: using self-tapping screws or according to the tenon-groove principle. The methods of connecting the racks also differ depending on the angle of cutting the edges - at 45 or 90 degrees.

The rules and installation procedure are as follows:

• The assembled frame must be placed in the opening and fixed with wedges and spacers.
• After that, it is leveled in planes.
• Then it is attached to the wall. This is done correctly with anchors or dowels. You can replace them with self-tapping screws. The frame is drilled at three points, and marks are made on the walls for dowels. The walls are drilled, after which dowels can be inserted. A gap of 1-2 cm is allowed between the wall and the frame.
• The cavities are foaming. Excess foam is removed, and the cracks are sealed with putty.

Preparation of a doorway for a compartment consists only in its finishing. The opening is the supporting structure for the guides along which the compartment doors on rollers will “run”. The length of the guides can be reduced or increased if necessary. Installation and dismantling of boxes of glass and plastic products are no different from wooden ones.

Canvas installation

The installation of sashes of single- and double-leaf structures, wooden, plastic or glass is the same. The sliding canvas can be simply inserted into the guides.

The scheme, procedure and rules of work are as follows:

• Hinges are required at the end of the door and on the frame. To do this, samples are made on them according to specific sizes. Loops are applied and circled with a pencil or knife. According to the resulting contours, recesses are cut down with a chisel.
• Entry points are marked and holes for fasteners are drilled, after which the hinges are screwed. For double doors, two sets of hinges are used.
• The canvas is hung.
• The hinges are lubricated and their operation is checked.

The canvas of compartment doors is hung out with the help of hinged elements supplied in the kit. The installation of glass sheets consists in fitting the seats on the frame to the hinges mounted at the factory and ready for installation.

Installation of plastic doors is even easier. The structure is supplied assembled. The canvas is hung after mounting and checking the exhibition of the box.

The only difficulty is how to adjust this type of interior door. Usually this is done by specialists, and therefore, it is better to entrust the installation to them.

The canvas of the plastic door must be inserted into the hinges, after which the smoothness of the movement of the leaves and the operation of the handle are checked. When detecting distortions, sagging and not a snug fit to the frame, use the manuals, which provide detailed instructions on how to adjust the plastic interior door.

The hinges of this design are equipped with adjusting bolts, by turning them with a screwdriver, you can choose the ideal position of the sash. If the handles dangle, then the decorative trims are removed and the tightening of the screws is checked. The technology for adjusting glass structures is largely similar.

Installation of fittings and decoration of the opening

Finished doors are delivered with fittings already installed. It is better to buy the work of Finnish masters. Products of Finnish companies stand out for their quality for the better.

You can install handles and locks yourself. To insert into the canvas of wooden doors, you will need a milling cutter or drill with crown nozzles. For glass, the technology is somewhat different. It is better to leave this work to specialists.

The operating rules are as follows:

• The lock and handles should be correctly placed at a height of a meter from the floor. Therefore, at first, the marking of their position with borders according to the actual dimensions is performed.

On the video you can see the rules:

• Door leaf cutouts are being prepared. First, a selection is made from the end part for the latch and the door lock mounting plate. Several holes are made with a drill, which are processed with a chisel to the required size. After that, the front and inside of the canvas are drilled. This is done with a smaller diameter crown so as not to damage the coating. Then the holes for the handle and lock are expanded to the desired size.
• Now you can put the lock body and handles. Holes are made for mounting the plate and it can be installed.
• The place of the answer on the frame is determined, and selections are also made under it and the tongue. The keep can be inserted and fastened, after which decorative trims can be installed.

Next, you need to put extras and platbands. The methods of fastening the latter may be different. They are nailed or put on glue. Sometimes all options are used. Finished products are purchased in the store.

For coupe trims are not used. The guides and the sliding mechanism are closed with special decorative strips. At the final stage, the threshold is set.

The modern market offers doors made of various materials, but wooden doors are still the most popular. They are installed in residential premises and outbuildings. There are a variety of options, differing in complexity and method of manufacture. For a bathhouse and a barn, ordinary panel boards are suitable, and the entrances are made with panels.

Homemade doors are available for execution at home. You should have quality material and the necessary tools. They make simple drawings and get to work. The process takes place step by step, in which the instructions will help beginners.

Features of products of different types

The wooden door does not lose its popularity due to the warmth of the material, environmental friendliness and amazing natural beauty. Elite specimens and the simplest ones are made from boards, but of different quality and purity of processing. Each type of wood also has certain properties.

Starting to manufacture, it is determined where the product will be installed. Door leaves have different types of construction, each of which is most suitable for specific purposes. You should familiarize yourself with what each type is.

From solid wood

The material is thick tongue-and-groove or planed boards, which are connected in one plane, forming a flat surface. It turns out a shield, the individual elements of which are fastened together by horizontal or inclined jumpers, which makes the structure more rigid.

Use a wood of uniform quality, considering the place of installation. For the front door to the house choose a dense, with a beautiful textured pattern.

It has these qualities:

1. 1. Oak - the most durable, heavy and durable products are obtained from it. The material is difficult to process, but is little affected by changes in humidity and temperature.
2. 2. Walnut - inexpensive wood with a beautiful original structure, which is given any shade. Perfectly polished, in which no other breed can be compared.
3. 3. Ash - has a wide range of shades. The strength is not inferior to oak, very elastic.
4. 4. Cherry - much softer, easy to process. A beautiful pinkish-brown color that darkens over time.

For interior doors, boards from the same species, as well as less valuable ones, are used. Operating conditions are much easier, so pine is often used. It is affordable, but very sensitive to changes in humidity and temperature. Products made from it often dry out or swell, but in a stable microclimate it is quite an acceptable material.

Alder has excellent qualities. It is resistant to water, but these are not all the advantages - wood contains many tannins that have a beneficial effect on human health, and there are no resins at all. This has long been appreciated, the doors from it are excellent for baths and in all places where there is high humidity. In addition to the listed breeds, others are also used, but they always take into account the properties and conditions so that high-quality products come out.

Panel models

For the manufacture of doors with their own hands, boards or timber are used, but in modern conditions, material obtained by gluing lamellas is often used. After finishing with veneer, it acquires the texture of natural wood. It is quite difficult to visually distinguish from an array with high-quality performance.

The design has a rigid frame made of glued laminated timber or thick floorboards. Separate elements are fastened with spikes, but now dowels are used more. When creating a door, consider important points:

• the strength of the canvas depends on the number of transverse parts;
• panels are installed in the frames, which are two-thirds thinner;
• the material is boards, plastic, MDF, plywood, glass;
• fixed with natural or veneered glazing beads, which gives the product a finished aesthetic appearance.

Ways to design paneled doors are practically unlimited. Their design is the most diverse, able to decorate any apartment. The canvas in the main part is of small thickness, so the most rational application is installation between rooms.

Durable materials are used for manufacturing, products serve no less than from an array. Of particular value are specimens made of one natural tree or decorated with the same veneer.

Panel structures

This is a budget option with a low price, which is due to the use of low-value wood species, fiberboard, laminate. If made qualitatively, the products have a completely acceptable appearance, which depends to a large extent on the lining. There are three types of construction:

• solid ones are completely filled with timber, which are fastened together;
• hollow ones consist of a frame, cross members sheathed with sheet material;
• low-hollow - an intermediate option between the previous two.

The appearance is drastically improved by the use of linden or alder plywood for covering. Requires two layers of 24 mm. It is a good base for decorative finishes that do not warp. The cladding is supplemented with profile overlays.

The ends are made neat and solid, using a smooth, well-finished timber, the color and texture of which matches the external design. If natural veneer is used, its layers are laid perpendicular to each other. Decorative plywood fibers are also arranged in a similar way.

Depending on the quality of the finish, panel doors are installed as interior doors, in a wardrobe, a bathroom, and a utility room. They are easily hacked, so they can only be used as input temporarily.

Preparation for work - materials, tools

The first step is choosing the right wood. It must meet the requirements:

• have no knots at all or very few;
• be well dried, with a residual moisture content of 12-15%;
• flat surface - check the fit of the sidewalls;
• optimal thickness - 50 mm for the front door, from 25 - interior.

Boards are sanded before use. Suitable for hardwoods and conifers. For front doors, hard ones are used - oak, beech, walnut, in other cases - mostly soft ones.

Surface finishing is carried out in various ways: natural, artificial materials, varnishes and paints are used.

Of the tools you will need:

• Manual frezer. They are given a profile look to the elements, grooved joints are made.
• Portable circular saw. She cut the bars into blanks of the required size.
• Bulgarian with a grinding wheel. You can use a drill with a nozzle for this purpose, but the processing is of less quality.
• Screwdriver for assembling the door leaf.
• Carpenter's hand tools - measuring, mallet, hammer, chisel, square and more.

Production of solid wood doors

At the heart of any model is a shield made of boards, properly assembled so that it does not lead. Various types of strapping are used: Z- or X-shaped, double, triple. Scope of application is different: front door, interroom, for utility rooms. If it is intended for an apartment, grooved boards are used, they achieve a perfectly flat and smooth surface. A drawing is applied to the canvas, a relief is cut out with a router. For the bath and in the barn, they simply adjust the elements, fix the crossbars in the form of the letter Z at the back.

Getting started, mark the material and cut off the workpieces of the required length. Then they are placed in a shield, placing them so that the annual rings are directed in one direction. For grooved boards, a spike is cut off in the extreme element, the end is processed. Connect with wood glue and a lock. The assembled product is clamped with clamps and left to dry. After a few days, sand to a perfectly smooth surface.

If desired, the door is made up of several layers of boards, gluing each next perpendicular to the previous one. In this way, a massive structure is obtained, suitable for entering the house. The thickness allows you to choose a deep embossed pattern with a cutter that will decorate the product.

Next, you need to fasten the shield with strapping. The simplest type is three crossbars. Cut off bars equal in length to the width of the door. On the canvas, on the reverse side, places are marked for the grooves - finished parts are applied and outlined with a pencil. Mark the depth, which is chosen in ½ or ⅟3 of the thickness of the board. According to the marks, grooves are selected with a milling cutter. It makes them perfectly even, the bars will fit into place easily, but tightly. They move, tapping with a mallet. Apply glue first.

The front side, if desired, is decorated with a relief pattern. It is applied with a pencil, you can use templates. They use knives of various configurations, which are alternately installed on the tool, slowly choosing a pattern.

The door leaf is treated with antiseptic agents. If it is installed outdoors, it is additionally used with a water-repellent effect. When you want to change the color, artificially age, use a stain. It is applied to the tree until the desired darkening appears. Additionally covered with a transparent varnish.

The finished product is hung on loops. From the array, it is heavy, third-party help will be needed. When installing in a doorway, leave gaps as shown in the figure. The parameters apply to any type of canvas.

Products with panels - an affordable way

These are the most complex designs, but if you use ready-made insert panels made of laminated chipboard, the process will be simplified. It is easy to make such doors with your own hands step by step, guided by the recommendations. But first, drawings of individual elements are prepared indicating the exact dimensions. Using them, there will be no problems with the installation of individual parts into a single whole.

Such models are most suitable as interior. They buy boards with a thickness of 25 mm or more, high-quality, but the breed is not necessarily expensive. Budget pine will serve well indoors, because the climate here is constant.

1. 1. Armed with a grinder with a grinding wheel and carefully polish the material. Only a wide surface is processed, the sidewalls will subsequently be formed by the cutter. She cut off the sharp edges of the corners, but quite a bit, giving a beautiful look.
2. 2. Change the knife and select a groove along the entire length of the board on one side. Its width is equal to the thickness of the chipboard, usually 16 mm. Strictly adhere to the size and center of the butt. The optimal depth is 15–20 mm.
3. 3. With a hand saw, cut the ends at 45 ° on all four boards. You should be very careful about two things: accurately adhere to the size and angle of cutting. The side racks of the frame, according to the standard, have a height of 200 cm, and the upper and lower crossbars correspond to the width of the web.
4. 4. Cut out the chipboard for the panel. Its dimensions are calculated according to the internal size of the opening, to which double the depth of the groove is added. If desired, intermediate partitions are installed, in which recesses are also selected along the entire length, and small spikes are made at the ends.
5. 5. The assembly is very simple: boards are stuffed onto the stove with a mallet, no glue is used. They are convinced that everything has fallen into place, there are no gaps, deviations from the parameters, distortions. Holes are drilled and confirmations are installed - a special metal mount, which is located below and above.

The door with panels is ready, you can start finishing. But all fittings are installed in front of it - locks, handles, hinges, so as not to damage the decorative coating later.

Panel variant for various applications

The simplest design is within the power of almost everyone who has the necessary material and a good tool. The scope of work depends on the chosen model and purpose. If it is a coupe-type sliding door, special attention is paid to the quality of the finish and the material. Work begins with the frame, then the interior space is filled - all or partly. For the frame, blanks are cut from boards 30 × 120 mm. Their dimensions correspond to the future canvas.

To connect, use the simple half-tree method. At the edges on each side, mark the width of the parts, make cuts with a hand saw to half the thickness. Wood is carefully selected with a chisel. Work is performed on a flat surface, check the corners. The grooves are smeared with glue and connected, left without shifting. After drying, they are fastened with dowels, drilling holes of 8 mm.

One side is covered with sheet material. Cheap fiberboard is suitable for the first layer. A frame is laid on it, marked and cut off. The frame is removed, glue is applied to the panel, both parts are pressed and left to dry. For strength, you can insert additional partitions. After drying, the inside is filled with various wastes - pieces of wood, MDF and the like. All are glued together, a second sheet is installed on the reverse side.

Decorative trim is applied taking into account where the door will be used. If it is interior, decorate with veneer, laminate or use other available options. The trim cut to size is glued to the fiberboard. It is desirable to lay a press on top, for example, sandbags, tiles. Sliding structures are made hollow so as not to weigh them down. They require special hardware to install.

Another way is to use racks. They are fixed with self-tapping screws, the hats are hidden under sawdust mixed with glue. Polished after drying. The ends and corners are also paid attention - they are processed with a cutter to give a finished look.

If you need to install handles, locks, think about it in advance. Perhaps the body of the side frame bar is not enough. Then, at the place where the fittings are inserted, a good quality wooden piece is glued.

The market offers a wide range of different doors. But sometimes it is difficult to choose a model that fully meets the needs of the owner. There are enough reasons - a significant difference in dimensions (block / opening), poor product quality, unsuccessful external design, high cost, and so on. For a person who is on “you” with a household tool, making interior doors with your own hands is not a problem. In many cases, this solution is the most rational.

Preparation stage

Do-it-yourself design, assembly of something requires a thorough analysis of many factors and the choice of the most appropriate option.

Material

Given the organization of production at home, the best option is wooden doors. On sale there are interior models made of different materials - plastics, glass, aluminum - but working with them requires not only experience, but also a special tool. In addition, wood has an undeniable advantage - it is able to "breathe", which has a beneficial effect on the microclimate in the house.

Engineering solution

Interior doors are divided into several types - hinged, folding, sliding (compartment). Models also differ in design - single-leaf, "two", "one and a half". Some of them have an upper extension - a transom. What would you like to focus on? Without professional skills, special tools, machine equipment, it is worth choosing a hinged interior door with one leaf.

These are the most popular varieties installed inside apartments and private houses. If you study step-by-step instructions for designing doors of all types, then it is the swing "odnushki" that are easier to manufacture. In addition, the preparation of the opening for their installation does not require complex technological operations.

Canvas type

• Paneled. The advantage of interior doors of this category is their relatively low weight. The canvases consist of a wooden frame and inserts that differ in size, material, and shape. The difficulty is that the panels will have to be fixed on it, and for this you need to select quarters in the tree. Even with a professional tool (equipment) at hand, the independent production of interior doors of this variety (if we mean quality) is a big question. To achieve the proper result, you will have to spend a lot of time and material, the consumption of which will turn out to be significant, as the volume of rejection will increase.

• Shield. This solution is optimal. The only downside is the weight. But this problem is also solved if you choose boards of small thickness. Since we are talking about interior doors, and not about entrance doors, the strength of the canvas is not a paramount factor. But there are much more pluses: ease of assembly, the possibility of any finish (lacquering, tinting, brushing, cladding with plastic, decorative film, natural veneer - different design styles are practiced), high maintainability.

In addition, the door dampens noise well and is characterized by low thermal conductivity. There is another factor that is overlooked by many. Wood is prone to deformation (under the influence of changes in humidity, temperature in the house, it “plays”). A solid door is less susceptible to it than a paneled model, especially if the inserts are made of a different material. For example, glass, plastic.

lumber

• The type of wood, if the subsequent finishing of the canvas and the box is planned, does not play a big role. You can partially save on this by choosing inexpensive products. But if it is decided to make a door from boards while maintaining their texture, then the answer to the question of what to buy is obvious.
• The degree of drying of the tree. According to SNiP, lumber with a moisture content exceeding 22% cannot be used in construction. With regard to doors, experts advise focusing on 10 - 12. Wet wood will shrink, and the structure will "lead". If the samples are thoroughly dried, then, firstly, they will cost more, and secondly, there will be difficulties with their cutting. In addition, excessively dry wood easily splits, and this will cause problems with fastening fittings, inserting locking devices.

Varieties and dimensions

• Frame. A beam with a side of 40 - 50 mm is enough for the frame of the canvas. It is necessary to take into account the installation location of the door, that is, how intensively it will be used. Plus - the specifics of the room at the entrance to which it is mounted; Is it supposed to equip the door with a lock, if so, what type. The latter fully applies to canopies.
• Canvas. To reduce the weight of the interior door and facilitate the manufacturing process, it is advisable to use MDF for sheathing the frame. Another argument in favor of this solution is that the board material (if it is of high quality, carefully processed) is inert to humidity and temperature. If you want to make a solid wood door, boards of 10 with a width of 150 are suitable.
• Box The old joint is rarely left in place. If a new door is being assembled, then completely, in the kit. When choosing a beam, you need to take into account the thickness of the wall (partition) at the installation site. There is no other recommendation, except for the sufficient strength of the jamb, on this point.

The choice of material is largely determined by the drawing of the door. The canvas of the interior door is made in different ways; it can be solid, hollow or "cellular". The last option is called small-hollow.

door scheme

• Dimensions. The initial data for calculations is the size of the opening. For the accuracy of calculations, its width is measured at 3 levels; similarly with height - at three points (on the sides and center). It should be borne in mind that a technological gap of 4 ± 1 mm is left between it and the box along the perimeter. This is the outer contour of the jamb. Provided that the width of the canvas is of decisive importance, then everything else is calculated based on its required dimensions. In this case, the gap between it and the jamb (within 1 mm) is also taken into account.

In practice, it is difficult to make wooden doors with your own hands, without work experience, in strict accordance with the indicated values, but it is advisable to adhere to just such values. And most importantly - the correct shape (rectangle) of the door box. The slightest distortions, distortions - and problems with a snug fit of the canvas are provided.

• The direction of plowing the canvas. When determining it, the location of the opening in the room is taken into account; The pictures illustrate this well.

Manufacturing procedure

The assembly of the interior door is carried out according to different methods. But if the meaning of all operations is clear, then it is not difficult to develop your own technology.

box

It is quite simple with him - to assemble a rectangular structure, and only then place it in the opening. But installation is recommended only after the manufacture of the canvas. This makes it easier to mark the attachment points of the canopies and the latch (lock). Doing this on a jamb already mounted in the opening is much more difficult. In addition, it is necessary to make a selection of grooves under the door. And therefore, after the box is shot down, it has yet to be returned to.

canvas

It all depends on its chosen scheme, and therefore where to start - from strapping or cutting MDF boards, is decided based on the drawing of the door.

Frame manufacturing

The technology is simple - a rectangular shape is assembled according to the size of the sash. But with its filling there are options.

• Stiffening ribs are installed in the form of vertical racks. Such a decision is advisable if the frame is planned to be sheathed with MDF, plywood - the strength of the coating will be ensured.

• One horizontal jumper in the center. A good solution for insulating an interior door. For example, installed in the passage leading to a cold room (utility room). The canvas is filled with expanded polystyrene, and its plates around the perimeter are foamed.

• Leave one frame without additional elements (shallow-hollow design). How to fill it and whether to do it is decided depending on the specifics of the room. But this version of the frame is only suitable for interior doors that are sheathed with a board. Otherwise, strength is out of the question.

Fabric making

• Its dimensions are known; it remains only to cut the MDF into 2 - 3 fragments, according to the drawn up drawing.
• The second stage is the assembly of the harness. That is, the frame is assembled on an already finished canvas.

Advice. To facilitate the work, it is recommended to mark all blanks. On individual samples (according to the scheme), cuts, cuts, and drillings are preliminarily made to install door hardware elements. This is much easier than doing such work on an assembled overall structure. The difficulty is that the markup must be extremely accurate.

Door processing

• It is advisable to use an antiseptic again. Since samples of material, drilling were made, individual sections can be “bare”. The secondary use of the composition from rot eliminates this disadvantage.
• Surface finish. The options are marked: stain, varnish, veneer, film - depending on the design intent.

Preparing for installation

At this stage, latches, eyes, handles and hinges are installed on the canvas. A box is placed in the opening, leveled and securely fixed.

All that remains is to hang the door, align the second half of the canopy with the mounting holes and secure with self-tapping screws (included).

"Finishing chord" - checking the correct operation of the canvas, tightness, absence of distortions; if deficiencies are identified, eliminate them. All further activities - insulation of the opening, installation of platbands, decorative design - are a slightly different topic.

Making an interior door at home is quite realistic. Success largely depends on proper work planning, the choice of the optimal design scheme and your own diligence. And the quality is ensured by a good tool, the purchase of which is not worth sparing money.