How to fertilize strawberries in spring for a better harvest? Top dressing of strawberries after winter in early spring, before flowering, during flowering, with organic matter and mineral fertilizers. Feeding strawberries in spring: effective tips When to feed strawberries after winter

Kirill Sysoev

Calloused hands do not know boredom!

Content

To enjoy delicious juicy strawberries (garden strawberries), you need to be able to grow them properly. Not every summer resident can boast of black soil, so the entire period of flowering and growth of berries should be given special attention to fertilizers. They are both organic (natural) and mineral (chemicals).

What fertilizer is best for strawberries

Even the most professional gardeners cannot say what is better to choose for feeding fruits - natural ingredients or chemicals. Each of these types of fertilizers has its pros and cons. The best way out will be the alternation of dressings or their use in a complex. Strawberries need all kinds of microelements (potassium salts, iron, magnesium, calcium) and vitamins for the full development of fruits. The whole set of nutrients is contained in both natural and mineral fertilizers.

Mineral fertilizer for strawberries

Just need garden strawberries mineral top dressing. It prevents all kinds of diseases of this crop, and also contributes to the rapid growth of greenery. Complex fertilizers are the most popular among summer residents, as they can be found in the gardening departments of any hardware store. So, how to feed strawberries in the spring for a good harvest:

Azofoska (nitroammophoska). This is the most popular complex mineral fertilizer. Top dressing contains equal parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (16% each) and a small admixture of sulfur. It is recommended to apply the drug directly into the soil before planting.
Stimovit for strawberries. Highly effective and reliable fertilizer consisting of biohumus. Provides growth acceleration, protection against fungal or bacterial diseases, pest control. Well suited for foliar top dressing. The solution is made at the rate of one to forty (25 ml per liter of water).
Agricola for berry crops. It is used to provide care for garden strawberries at all stages of growth (from spring to autumn). Processing is carried out by watering or spraying. The solution is prepared simply: 25 grams of the product is mixed in 10 liters of water.

Feeding strawberries according to folk recipes

An important role in the fertilizer of garden remontant strawberries is played by organic top dressings, which are elements of many folk recipes (mullein, chicken manure, ash, yeast, and others). All of them are harmless to the plant, so you do not need to worry about the quality of your crop. A few recipes:

Manure based. Since ancient times, bird/animal droppings have been used as basic fertilizers. Mullein (dried cow dung) is poured with water (ratio of one to five), put in a warm place to infuse (roam) for a week. Ultimately, the concentrate is diluted (proportion 1:10) and spreads over moist soil (preferably a few hours after watering). Instead of manure, you can use chicken or pigeon droppings - the result will be no worse.
Ash. This element is rich in potassium, phosphorus, therefore it often acts as a fertilizer for garden strawberries. To prepare the solution, you need to pour two tablespoons of ash with a liter of water, insist one day. It is necessary to fertilize garden strawberries by watering. Feeding strawberries during flowering with ash will provide the gardener with an increase in yield.
Yeast. Plant care can provide a common food product with ease. A pack of this product (1 kg) must be diluted in five liters of water. For top dressing, the solution (0.5 liters) that has been infused for a day is mixed with liquid (10 liters). Applied twice per season.

How to feed strawberries from spring to autumn

Fertilizer use varies throughout the growing season (May to September). In the spring, the first top dressing is made (including before planting), which is aimed at activating the growth of shoots and leaves. In summer, strawberries are fertilized immediately after harvest, when the process of forming new buds and the root system starts. Winter feeding is needed so that the plant can prepare for the cold, survive until spring. Mineral fertilizers alternate with organic fertilizers or are used together - it all depends on the desire of the gardener.

How to feed strawberries in spring

This period is very important for the plant. You should seriously approach such an issue as fertilizing strawberries before flowering, planting and fruiting. For the growth of leaves and buds, nitrogen is simply necessary, which should prevail in the fertilizers of the spring stage. How to feed strawberries in spring (use 0.5-1 liter of any of the products for each bush, depending on the size of the plant):

ammonium sulfate (1 tablespoon), mullein (2 cups) per 10 liters of liquid;
nitroammophoska (1 tablespoon) per 10 liters of water;
mullein (one part), urea (two parts) to 10 parts of water;

How to fertilize strawberries in summer

The second feeding of the plant is carried out closer to the last days of July, when the crop is already harvested. During this period, the fruits especially need potassium and trace elements. Recipes (used in the amount of 0.5 liters of any of the fertilizers for the plant):

nitrophoska (two tablespoons), potassium sulfate (one teaspoon) per 12 liters of water;
potassium nitrate (1 tablespoon) per 5 liters of water;
biohumus (200 g) per 10 liters of water (infused for a day, then dismounted with water in half).

Feeding strawberries in autumn

The last application is made at the end of September, and especially young plants need such care before winter. All funds can be used to transplant garden strawberries into greenhouses. Recipes (process 250-500 ml per 1 sq.m.):

mullein (one part), 0.5 cups of ash to 10 parts of water;
mullein (one part), superphosphate (one tablespoon), ash (one glass) for 12 hours of water;
nitroammophoska (150 g), potassium sulfate (200 g), ash (one glass) per 5 liters of water.

In the wild, strawberries bear fruit abundantly, but not regularly. To increase the yield in home garden beds or a vegetable garden, you need to properly care for the plant, in particular, introduce complementary foods or top dressing. At different stages of strawberry development, certain fertilizers are required, but the spring period is considered more important, when the future crop is being laid.

As soon as the snow has melted, and the earth begins to dry out a little, it's time to prepare the beds for the new season. Timely input of top dressing help the plant wake up faster after winter to form new buds.

Unfortunately, not every site has fertile soil, and it is unlikely that it will be possible to get a large juicy berry on devastated land. Not only the soil is enriched with nutrients, bushes are directly sprayed with nitrogen compounds.

Work should begin with cleaning the beds.

In autumn, in order to protect the crop from frost and precipitation, an insulating layer was created from dry leaves or straw. After wintering, a kind of fur coat must be removed, loosen the soil around each bush. At the same time, proper care should be taken before the strawberries begin to bloom - remove all weeds and old roots that come across in the ground.

from the bush cut dry leaves, diseased brown tops. It is also worth checking the condition of the strawberry neck after winter, the growth point should be slightly above the ground (4-5 mm). Deepening the neck into the soil is fraught with rotting of the root system.

Lure should not be introduced randomly without observing proportions. An insufficient amount of fertilizer will be ineffective, and an excess will provoke the growth of twigs and greenery. The berries will ripen later than usual, reaching the minimum parameters.

Steps for proper fertilization

In total, there are 3 main stages of the introduction of fertilizers:

after wintering at the beginning of the season– the procedure is aimed at early stimulation of the growth of young shoots and first leaves (April-early May);
feed at the end of the fruiting period- processing or watering contributes to the formation of new roots, the laying of flower buds, which can bear fruit in the next season (July);
autumn bait, held in mid-September, is needed to prepare the culture (especially young shoots) for the wintering period.

Remontant strawberry varieties are very susceptible to bait, so it is recommended to fertilize with nutrients at weekly intervals.

Organic fertilizers are considered the most affordable, especially if there are cows and chickens on the farm. Enriching the soil with organic matter compensates for nutrient deficiencies for 2-3 years.

In addition, the use of mullein or bird droppings improves the soil structure, increases air permeability, which is important for the vegetative process of strawberries.

Mineral fertilizers

Among the popular mineral fertilizers used to process or water strawberries:

urea;
saltpeter and sulfates;
complex preparations (Azofoska, Stimovit, Agricola, etc.).

Azofoska

The advantages of this group of baits are:

awakening activation plants after hibernation;
increase in productivity;
balanced composition;
small expense;
acceleration of the period of fruit ripening;
improvement in taste and safety;
protection of plants from pests and fungal infections.

When using drugs, it is recommended strict proportions when diluting the working solution or powdering the area. An excess amount of the reagent leads to the burning of the culture and its death. Among other disadvantages: high cost, regularity of use.

It is worth giving preference to mineral chemistry in cases where strawberries are grown on an industrial scale.

There has been a long-standing debate among gardeners regarding the benefits of fertilizers: synthetic and organic. The best way out which can be - is complex use or sequential. Then the culture will receive useful trace elements, and the berries will be juicy and sweet.

Folk remedy - the use of sour milk

A good harvest of strawberries can be obtained, according to the reviews of experienced gardeners on slightly acidic soils. To balance the acidity of open ground, you can introduce sour milk into it.

This folk type of fertilizer belongs to foliar, so spraying or pouring a working solution should be used at a distance 7-10 cm from the bush. The dairy product is mixed with water in arbitrary proportions (depending on the acidity level of the soil), but more often 1: 2. You need to feed at the beginning of the season with repetitions: after harvesting and in mid-September.

Benefits of using dairy products:

soil enrichment with potassium, sulfur, calcium, phosphorus and other microelements;
increase in yield and fruiting period
growth activation culture;
increasing resistance to attacks by ticks, aphids and the development of various diseases.

The disadvantage of the method is dairy product consumption and its costs. Such top dressing is justified only in small beds, when it is necessary to fertilize several bushes.

chicken manure solution

Chicken manure is a fast-acting organic fertilizer that promotes the awakening of beneficial microorganisms in the soil.

Timely bait improves the quality and quantity of fruits, so it should be introduced at the beginning of the season after warming up and drying the soil (April - mid-May).

Organic Benefits:

improving soil structure by increasing the level of humus;
rich composition, including micro and macro elements;
increase in yield and fruiting period.

Chicken manure is introduced 1 time in 2-3 years, which is an indisputable advantage of the product over other fertilizers.

The disadvantage of the method is the specific smell during watering and the observance of proportions. From an overabundance of the product, the plant may dry out.

Preparation of bait consists of the following steps:

pouring litter with settled water (for dissolution);
dilution of half a liter of the resulting concentrate in a bucket of water.

It is not the plant itself that should be watered or sprayed with a solution, but stepping back from him 5-10 cm. One bucket can feed up to 25 bushes.

The composition of wood ash includes a large amount of micronutrients necessary for plants to develop and grow. It includes: potassium, phosphorus, iron, sulfur and other substances.

The availability of fertilizer is the main plus, because you can get a gray powder as a result of burning branches cut in the garden. The main thing - do not use painted wood.

Benefits of wood fertilizer:

activates growth strawberries;
makes the soil nutritious, improves its structure;
increases the fruiting period and productivity;
improves the taste of berries.

The disadvantage of the method is that the ash cannot be combined with urea, manure, saltpeter. In such a tandem, the fertilizer loses its properties.

The principle of application is simple, it is enough to introduce dry powder into the grooves made along the beds (150 g per linear meter).

For better absorption of nutrients by the soil, it is recommended to mix ash with peat.

One of the fertilizer options for strawberries involves the use of yeast. It should be noted that this technology is also suitable for other crops, for example, tomatoes, potatoes, tomatoes.

The solution is prepared quickly and simply: a kilogram pack is diluted in 5 liters of water. The result is a concentrated composition, which must be dissolved again with liquid before processing (0.5 yeast blank per 10 liters of water). For 10 strawberry bushes, about half a liter of solution will go. It should be poured right under the bush.

If in the kitchen there were only dry yeast in bags, then the bait is prepared in the following proportions: one sachet per bucket of water plus 2 tablespoons of sugar. It is better to first dilute the yeast in a glass of warm water with the addition of granulated sugar, and after complete dissolution, it is added to a bucket of water. After 2 hours, the product will be ready for consumption.

Advantages of yeast fertilizers:

rich nutritional composition (zinc, iodine, nitrogen, iron, phosphorus, etc.);
growth activation;
increase in the fruiting period;
contributes to the rapid adaptation of the culture in a new place after transplantation;
strengthens the roots;
improving soil quality by creating a favorable environment for the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms.

The use of yeast increases the endurance of plants, prevents pest attacks and infection with various diseases.

It is effective to use this technology only in warm weather, at low temperatures the fermentation process stops. This is the minus of the yeast method.

To choose the right fertilizer for spring feeding of strawberries, you need to take into account the composition of the soil, the degree of its fertility. If there are difficulties with the definition, it is better to use complex preparations rich in nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and other useful trace elements. Then a good planting crop is guaranteed!

How to feed strawberries in spring? Effective mixtures for feeding berry bushes can be prepared from inexpensive and natural ingredients.

Content

To get a tangible and high-quality harvest, you need to understand well how to feed strawberries in the spring. The timing of fertilizer application and the optimal composition of nutrient mixtures for berry crops are important here. Garden strawberries are not demanding in care, but for the formation of the ovary and long-term fruiting, they need a lot of nutrition.

The best time to fertilize strawberries

Spring dressing of strawberries is carried out in two stages. At the first, nitrogen-containing fertilizers are applied in order to provide the plant with substances for the growth of the green part. A strong, well-developed garden strawberry bush will produce many flowers and be less susceptible to disease.
At the second stage, the plant is provided with components for abundant flowering and ovary formation.

Advice! The composition of the nutrient mixture should include potassium, which makes the berries sweeter and increases their density.

The time for feeding strawberries depends on weather conditions and the region, but in general falls on the following periods:

first stage - mid-April
second stage - mid-May

The incentive to fertilize in April is the appearance of young foliage on strawberry bushes. In May - the appearance of peduncles. Nutrient mixtures can be applied under the root or foliar spraying. First, the plant is freed from dry foliage and damaged shoots, last year's mustache is removed. Then loosen the ground around the bushes and slightly moisten. Only after that you can start eating.
Fertilizers under the root are applied in the morning when the ground is wet. Foliar spraying is carried out in the evening, when the bright rays of the sun do not fall on the young foliage. Otherwise, the plant may burn. In parallel with top dressing, they update the mulch layer - add sawdust, straw.

How to feed strawberries for a good harvest

A high yield of garden strawberries depends on proper nutrition and protection from pests. This is especially true in bad weather conditions - late spring, high humidity and low temperatures compared to the norm. How to feed strawberries for a good harvest and at the same time protect them from diseases. There are simple ways to increase plant immunity and stimulate fruit set.

Feeding strawberries with iodine

Iodine is a good antiseptic. For a plant, it is useful in that it disinfects the surface of leaves and soil, killing pathogens, fungi and viruses. In addition, iodine helps strawberries absorb nitrogen and increases the sugar content of fruits.
Strawberries are fed with iodine in April after the application of nitrogen fertilizers (ammofoska, mullein infusion or chicken manure).
The composition of the solution:

for root dressing per 10 liters of water 10 drops of iodine
for foliar spraying 5 drops of iodine per 10 liters of water plus liquid soap 1-2 tbsp. l

Solutions with iodine are not stored, but used immediately after preparation.

Feeding strawberries with wood ash

Wood ash is a rich source of potassium, phosphorus, manganese, calcium and other trace elements. The uniqueness of this tool lies in its easy assimilation by plant cells. For garden strawberries, early spring top dressing is relevant, which is carried out when the first leaves appear.
The earth in the garden should be loosened and sprinkled with a handful of ash under each bush. Then the soil is loosened again and the ash is embedded in the soil. More effective is the liquid feeding of strawberries with ash.
To prepare it, you need to mix:

10 liters of water
glass of wood ash

In addition to the nutritional function, the mixture reduces the acidity of the soil, stimulates the active growth of shoots and the appearance of flower stalks. The second time you can add ashes after the last harvest.

Top dressing with ammonia

This method is a good prevention against pests and diseases, such as nematodes, Maybugs, fungi, etc. Strawberries are fed with ammonia 2 times a season - before flowering and after. Ammonia is a 10% ammonia solution, which, in addition to protecting against diseases and pests, is a good top dressing.
The composition of the nutrient mixture:

10 liters of water
40 ml ammonia

Strawberry plants are watered with a watering can so that the solution gets both under the root and on the green part.

Feeding strawberries with boric acid

Such a component as boron is needed by fruit crops in order to improve the absorption of calcium, increase immunity to diseases and stimulate the development of fruits. In addition, when boron is added, the sugar content in the tissues increases, from which the fruits become tastier.

Important! Boron is poisonous and dangerous for young spring greenery, therefore it is introduced in May, when the plant has already grown stronger and has begun to produce flower stalks.

For 10 liters of water, take 2 g of boric acid and potassium permanganate. Under each plant pour 500 ml of solution. Top dressing of strawberries with boric acid is done one more time after fruiting.

Feeding with yeast

Baker's yeast is a source of many trace elements, including nitrogen. They stimulate the growth of beneficial microflora in the soil, strengthen the plant's immunity, and improve root formation.
Strawberries are fertilized with yeast with the following composition:

10 liters of warm water
100 g fresh live yeast

The solution is insisted for 2 hours in a warm place, it can be in the sun and poured under a bush. You can also prepare the mixture from dry yeast. They are diluted in warm water with the addition of sugar. For 1 liter of water, take 1 tsp. sugar and yeast, insist 2 hours, diluted to a volume of 5 liters.

Feeding strawberries with urea

A fertilizer with a high percentage of nitrogen is urea. It is a water soluble granule. Top dressing of strawberries with urea is done in early spring to stimulate plant growth. This is a long-lasting fertilizer that provides strawberries with nitrogen throughout the fruiting period. For root dressing, dilute in 10 liters of water 1 tbsp. l. urea.

To obtain high yields of strawberries, it is necessary to follow a set of agrotechnical practices, apply organic and mineral fertilizers at the right time and in the right proportions. The further growth of the plant and its viability directly depend on how correctly strawberries are fed in spring and autumn.

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When to start spring feeding strawberries?

According to experts, the first feeding of strawberries should be carried out in early spring, immediately after the end of winter and the melting of snow, as soon as warm weather sets in. Depending on the region, this may be April or May. In the southernmost regions of the country, strawberries can be fed as early as March. Fertilization is aimed at accelerating the growth of young shoots and leaves, therefore, the mixture should contain the necessary amount of the main building element of plants - nitrogen.

What to fertilize in the spring?

You can feed strawberries with organic, mineral or mixed fertilizers.

organic fertilizers

Most commonly used:

manure;
chicken manure;
humus;
weeds;
wood ash;
yeast.

Manure

A mixture of animal excrement with straw bedding from the places where they are kept. Since this fertilizer contains many weed seeds, only rotted manure can be used. The optimal composition for feeding strawberries: 400-500 grams of manure per bucket of water. A tablespoon of sodium sulfate or ammonium sulfate is also added there and the mixture is thoroughly mixed. Under each bush, from 0.5 to 1 liter is introduced.

chicken manure

This is a highly concentrated fertilizer, so it should be applied no more than once a year, preferably in the spring. When making it is necessary to ensure that the solution does not get on the strawberry leaves. The solution itself is prepared from the calculation: one part of the litter to 20 parts of water. It is recommended to add Baikal humate - it reduces the specific smell of the solution. The mixture is infused for three days and 0.5 liters are added under the bush.

Humus

This is a mixture of soil with rotted and decomposed manure. Considered the best organic fertilizer for strawberries, it is used during the planting of bushes in the form of a mixture poured into the holes.

Milk and dairy products

Milk itself, even in diluted form, is a folk remedy for controlling strawberry pests - mites. Fermented milk products contain nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur necessary for plants. In addition, they slightly acidify the soil (strawberries prefer moderately acidic soils). The mixture is prepared as follows: 1 part of the fermented milk product is mixed with 3 parts of water. Can be used in combination with manure or ash.

weeds

Plucked weeds are poured with warm water for a week. The solution is then used to water the plants. It is not only a fertilizer that increases the yield of strawberry bushes, but also an insecticidal agent that repels insect pests. Especially valuable is the solution obtained by overheating nettles in water.

wood ash

Can be used dry - crumbles between rows before watering. But a more effective way is to mix 200 grams of ash with a liter of hot water to extract useful substances.

This concentrated solution is topped up with water to the volume of the bucket and 1 liter is added under the bush. A mixture of potassium permanganate (3 g), half a teaspoon of boric acid, a tablespoon of urea and half a glass of ash per 10 liters of water is also often used.

Yeast

Many gardeners consider them the best food for strawberries, because they contain a large set of trace elements, as well as proteins and amino acids. In addition, yeast, like dairy products, acidifies the soil. According to some studies, after yeast feeding, nutrients enter the plants within two months, and the volume and weight of the berries increase significantly.

There are many ways to prepare yeast fertilizer:

Dilute 200 g of yeast in 0.5 liters of warm water, and after half an hour add this mixture to a bucket of water. Watering is carried out at the rate of 1 liter per square meter of strawberry beds.
Prepare a starter from yeast, sugar and water, and after it starts to ferment, dilute it with water at the rate of a bucket for half a liter of starter. 0.5 l is applied under each bush.

Yeast can be replaced with bread.

For this:

Dry grain residues (except for moldy ones) are placed in a bucket up to a volume of 2/3, and then poured with warm non-chlorinated water.
After 6-10 days, the resulting sourdough is diluted at the rate of one part to three parts of water and is introduced under strawberry bushes at 0.5 - 1 liter.

Mineral compositions

Mineral fertilizers, depending on the main active ingredient, are divided into three types:

Nitrogen fertilizers. They are indispensable as a source of nitrogen - the main material for the synthesis of tissues of the terrestrial parts of the plant. The size and even the taste of future berries depend on nitrogen supply. The main nitrogen fertilizers are urea (urea) and ammonium nitrate.
Phosphorus fertilizers. Used to accelerate flowering and fruiting, strengthen the immunity of plants, their resistance to adverse weather conditions. Superphosphate is considered the best fertilizer of this group.
potassium fertilizers. They improve the absorption of carbon dioxide, which, along with nitrogen, serves as the main building material of organic molecules. A lack of potassium leads to a deterioration in the taste of berries, plant diseases. The best known potash fertilizers are potassium sulfate and potassium chloride.

potassium sulfate Carbamide (urea) Ammonium nitrate Superphosphate

Mineral fertilizers are applied in much smaller quantities than organic ones. The usual ratio is a tablespoon of fertilizer to a bucket of water. Apply in the amount of 0.5 liters for each bush.

mixed

In practice, not simple mineral fertilizers are most often used, but mixed or complex ones. Such compositions immediately contain all the main minerals necessary for the growth and fruiting of strawberries.

The most popular mixed fertilizers for strawberries:

Nitroammophoska. Contains three components necessary for the normal life of plants - potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus. To apply under a bush, 0.5 liters of a solution of 1 tablespoon of fertilizer per 10 liters of water is enough.
Ammophoska. It includes three main components, but, in addition to them, the composition of the fertilizer includes magnesium and sulfur - substances that are also useful for plants. However, the nitrogen content is lower here, therefore, for the spring feeding of strawberries, a mixture of ammophoska with ammonium nitrate in a ratio of 2: 1 is used, which is diluted and applied, just like nitrophoska.

Complex fertilizer "Ryazanochka"

Another compound that is gaining popularity for feeding berry crops is the “fertilizer of the third millennium” - Kemira Lux. This is a Finnish development, which in Russia is made from pure ingredients under license.

Finally, the Master complex, manufactured by the Italian company Valagro, is well known. In particular, for the first spring top dressing, a mix is recommended: carbamide plus Master 17.6.18, rich in nitrogen and potassium, which relieve strawberries from stress after wintering.

But the best results are obtained by a combination of organic and mineral fertilizers. Recommendations of experts: for 8 kg of organic, you need to add 30 g of mineral.

Rules for feeding strawberries in the spring

Spring feeding has its own nuances associated with the age of the plants. Strawberries planted in the winter require a completely different care than those that have already taken root and bear fruit.

young plants

Strawberries planted before the onset of winter can generally do without “vitamin supplements” in the spring, since fertilizers were already applied during planting. But you can also add some nutrients. To do this, prepare a mixture of 500 g of manure per bucket of water and a tablespoon of sodium sulfate. Irrigation rate - liter per bush.

adult bushes

The land under bushes that grow and bear fruit for several years is depleted, so spring feeding is extremely important for adult strawberries.

Mix one part manure with five parts water and add two tablespoons of superphosphate and half a glass of ash to this mixture.
Combine thirty drops of tincture of iodine, a teaspoon of boric acid and a glass of ash in a bucket of water.

There is no consensus on whether to carry out a second summer top dressing after harvest. Some gardeners believe that such top dressing is necessary, because at this time new roots and fruit buds are formed for the next year's berries and strawberries will not interfere with nutrients.

Fertilizers that are applied during this period mainly contain potassium and trace elements.

on a bucket of water - a tablespoon of nitrophoska and a teaspoon of potassium sulfate;
two tablespoons of potassium nitrate per 10 liters of water;
half a glass of ash in a bucket of water.

On the video: the first feeding of strawberries in the spring. Shot by Edokoff channel.

When to feed strawberries in the fall?

The last feeding of strawberries is carried out in the fall, when the plants begin to prepare for winter. It is believed that autumn fertilization can increase next year's harvest by a third. The optimal feeding time is the second half of September, in sunny weather.

Some varieties of berries require later top dressing - in October, and sometimes in November. General requirement: if in September nutrients are introduced mainly in liquid form, then in October-November - in solid form.

Rules for feeding strawberries in the fall

The most commonly used organic fertilizers in autumn are:

mullein;
humus;
chicken manure.

This is due to the fact that organic matter will not lose its useful properties during wintering, but, on the contrary, will improve them due to decomposition processes.

It is allowed to use manure both in the form of an aqueous solution, and scattering it in dry form between rows, while it is important to take into account a number of nuances:

To prevent fertilizer from getting on plants, since concentrated manure kills strawberries.
The use of undiluted chicken manure is strictly prohibited.
Ash can be added to the mullein solution. It can also be scattered dry between the beds at the rate of 150 g per square meter.

Top dressing of strawberries under a bush

Another type of biofertilizer is mown grass, which is laid in the aisle and sprinkled with earth. In the spring, it turns into an excellent herbal humus.

If organic fertilizers are not available, then mineral fertilizers can be used: potash and phosphorus.

The most effective are:

potassium salts. Diluted in a ratio of 20 g per bucket of water, superphosphate - 10 g per bucket. Watering is carried out only in the aisle. Contact of the solution on strawberry leaves is strictly unacceptable.
A mixture of nitrophoska with potash fertilizer. Two tablespoons of nitrophoska and 20 g of potassium chloride per bucket of water can be poured under each bush in an amount of 1 liter. Two days after fertilizing, you need to mulch the soil with sawdust, leaves or peat.

young bushes

When planting young plants in winter, it is important to choose such a nutrient mixture so that there is no need for spring feeding. The best is a mixture of humus, potassium chloride and superphosphate.

adult bushes

Here you can spend autumn top dressing twice:

in early September;
at the end of October.

For the first time, a complex fertilizer is applied, for example, autumn Kemira or Master 17.6.18 with urea. The second time - dry manure or humus, potassium humate or superphosphate. The use of liquid fertilizers during this period can cause the plant roots to freeze and die.

In order for the harvest to be rich, the berries to be large and fragrant, and the plant to easily cope with adverse natural factors and diseases, it is necessary to carefully consider the question: how to fertilize strawberries in the spring, and figure out when it is better to do it.

Spring care for strawberries ensures the success of the future harvest by 80%, which is why it is so important to help the plant recover after a long winter.

Experienced gardeners know how to care for strawberries in the spring. The process usually includes the following activities:

first they wait until the threat of frost has passed, and the bushes will finally “thaw out”;
then dry and frozen leaves are removed;
remove the layer of mulch laid in the fall - this will allow the root system to warm up faster, and the plants to grow;
the final stage is the removal of weeds and loosening.

As you can see, the procedure is simple, but processing strawberries in early spring is simply necessary, otherwise it will not bring a generous harvest.

Spring top dressing of strawberries - how to fertilize

When the spring processing of strawberries is completed, including the basic care procedures, you can start feeding the plants in your area.

The further south your region is, the earlier you need to start fertilizing:

for areas with mild winters and a warm climate, for example, Moscow, this is done in mid-late April;
for the northern zones, including the Urals - a little later, approximately in the middle of May.

For these activities to be effective, it is important to clearly know the flowering time of the varieties that grow in your area, and understand how to care for strawberries.

The fact is that if you fertilize the plants too early, the nutrients will quickly go into the ground, and nothing will get to the bushes during the flowering period. If strawberry feeding takes place later than necessary, the harvest may be delayed, or even completely scarce.

In addition, it should be noted that on different soils this crop may respond differently to tuki. This is understandable, because the composition of the soil can vary significantly in different areas, and sometimes even in one area. Therefore, you should carefully consider the choice of the composition of the top dressing, which is planned to process strawberries in the spring.

Tuki - minerals that saturate the soil. They are mixed into the soil to restore the nutrients necessary for the plants to develop properly, as they are depleted over time, especially when growing vegetable crops.

What top dressing is needed for strawberries?

The main minerals needed for the growth of strawberries are, first of all, potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus:

Nitrogen is responsible for the taste of berries and for their size, but its excess, on the contrary, makes the fruit less sweet. With a deficiency of this mineral, the leaves turn red.
Potassium is very important, like feeding strawberries in the spring, because its content in berries increases their shelf life, and increases sugar content and sweetness. If you notice that the tips of the leaves on the bushes have turned yellow, you should know that the plant clearly lacks potassium.
Phosphorus takes part in the processes of growth and development of roots, its deficiency adversely affects the endurance of the plant. The lack of phosphorus is manifested by the color of the leaves in a dark green or reddish color.

Tuks are inorganic:

nitrogen: ammonium nitrate, urea;
potassium: potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate;
phosphoric: superphosphates.

Organic fertilizers for strawberries in the spring contain nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus, and are also environmentally friendly. They have a positive effect on soil properties and growth, although the berries do not grow as large as with inorganic dressings.

These include:

wood ash;
manure;
humus;
chicken manure.

There are also complex fertilizers - most often ready-made mixtures containing a balanced complex of nutrients. They should be used according to the instructions on the package, which indicate the timing of application and dosage.

Here is some of them:

Ammophos;
Diammophos;
Nitroammophoska;
Nitrophoska.

The most convenient are complex ones, but if you prefer to set the norms of fertilizing yourself, remember that fats are applied in combination: that is, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus in combination with each other. Only nitrogen, if necessary, is added separately, since it is especially important to regulate its content in the soil.

Periods and methods of fertilizing for strawberries

In season, strawberry beds need 3 top dressings at different periods of their development:

It is best to apply the first fertilizer for strawberries in the spring, when the hard winter time is behind, and the season of active flowering and fruiting is ahead;
Then - immediately after harvest;
The final stage is feeding strawberries in the fall, around mid-September, to help the bushes resist diseases, pests, and endure the winter well.

Remember that usually this culture grows in one place for 4 years in a row, then old bushes need to be replaced with young ones.

Fertilization according to the strawberry life cycle

In the first year, young strawberries, as a rule, are not fertilized, since fertilizing is applied to the soil immediately before planting the bushes.

In the second year, care for strawberries in the spring, before flowering, will help such a potassium-phosphorus mixture: humus and water 5: 1, add 150 g of potassium sulfate (or potassium nitrate) and 60 g of superphosphate. Consumption - 1 bucket per 3-4m (watering in the grooves between the rows). In the future, potassium-phosphorus fertilizers are applied again in the second half of the growing season in the same dosage.

Nitrogen fertilizers can be omitted this year if they have already been added during planting. It is also not recommended to make them in the spring, before flowering, as this will negatively affect fruiting.

Fertilizing with nitrogen later than August worsens the winter hardiness of plants. But after harvesting, you can just add:

ammonium nitrate: it is either scattered on the site at the rate of 1 kg per 100 square meters, or diluted in water (20-30 g per 10 liters of water), which is watered on the site at the rate of 0.5 liters per plant. When watering, make sure that the solution does not get on the leaves.
urea at a dosage of 1 tablespoon of dry fertilizer per bucket of water, solution consumption - 0.5 liters per bush.

In the third or fourth year, strawberry care consists in feeding only with inorganic fertilizers using the above methods.

Strawberry spring care. Top dressing with organic fertilizers

If your strawberries are grown in small volumes “for yourself”, and the farm has enough manure and bird droppings, then it is quite possible to get by with organic fertilizers only.

Manure, humus, chicken manure, and wood ash are natural sources of potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen. It is enough to fertilize strawberries with them once at the beginning of the season during spring processing, throughout all 4 years of growth.

Manure and humus are simply scattered over the site after harvesting the beds in the spring, consumption - no more than 5 kg per 1 sq. m, then the soil should be loosened.
How to process strawberries with wood ash in spring: you can dry it, pouring a handful under each bush, or diluted - 1 glass of ash per 1 liter of hot water, let it brew for a day, then bring it to 10 liters with water, and water at the rate of 1 liter of solution per 1 sq. .m earth.
Chicken manure is more convenient to use in solution: 0.7 l of fresh manure per 10 l of warm settled water. Solution consumption - 10 liters per 6-8 bushes for a mature plant, and 24-26 for a young one.

Outcome

So, what to do with strawberries in spring? Care and top dressing is what is necessary for the full growth of this beloved garden culture. She can not do without additional nutrition, which will significantly increase productivity, resistance to diseases, pests, as well as adverse environmental factors.