You can cut an internal thread. How to cut a thread with a tap or die. We study a specialized tool. Varieties and scopes of taps

The main task of a locksmith is to create a hole in the metal thickness, followed by the formation of hollows from the inside. They need to be made so that the turns fit the bolt, stud or other fastener.

A threaded element may be needed in everyday life for the most durable connection of two parts. Here it is necessary to achieve maximum purity - so that there are no chips, deformations, knocked down threads. It is also very important to follow GOST standards for fixture size. The diameter should match the screw that will go in.

Many parameters are important - the type of material, its density, as well as the state, for example, temperature, the presence of corrosion. First you need to prepare the workpiece - remove excess dirt. Then you need to choose the right tool, only after that you can start metalworking in two or three stages - from roughing to finishing.

Several parameters matter:

hole diameter;
cutting depth;
the number of threads (these are visits, the most common is the presence of three cavities);
step, that is, the distance between two furrows.

How an internal thread is cut - general information

The device is called a tap. It can be of two varieties - manual and machine, in accordance with the methods of applying furrows. The material being processed is metal, but not only it. There are also lightweight models, they create cutting in plastic or wood. The last option is not the most common.

The factories use mechanized equipment - metal drills make through holes (or a blind cavity), after the blade, several turns are applied with a predetermined step. The advantage of such processing is high accuracy. The calculations are made using computer-aided design software, then the data is entered into the control module - manually or using the CNC. The second advantage is that it is virtually impossible to skew the angle of the spiral, errors.

But at home and in small industries, a simpler, but less accurate procedure is often used - manually tapping an internal thread with a tap. The work can be carried out on site, for this you need to buy the fixture itself and a drill to make a preliminary hole.

The tool resembles a Christmas tree in shape due to the fact that the working surface is a ribbed blade. Structurally, the product is a rather complex configuration of tool steel. Such a material is used because of its strength and ability to process most alloys, even cast iron. It is not very good to work only with hot metal - it has internal stresses, therefore it is considered brittle and can crumble during the cutting process.

Varieties and scopes of taps

According to the drive method, they are divided into:

Manual - they have a square tail, which is inserted into - the collar. There are two handles for which it is convenient to turn the product. It is important to avoid distortion. This result can only be corrected by reaming and cutting a larger diameter.
Machine - used on metal-cutting machines. They are firmly fixed in the holder, accurate, do not imply deviations.

Cutting method:

Universal. Their design can be called classical. A tool with a running gear (its length determines the depth of entry of the screw later, if the hole is not through), which is divided into sections. Each of them has certain geometric parameters - angle, direction, distance, step. Usually there are three of them, each is designed for rough metalworking, intermediate and finishing. Thus, you can achieve the most accurate result with one movement.
Complete. The name speaks for itself. You will need a set of 3 taps, as you need to make an internal thread with high accuracy. First, the coarsest tool is used, then the thinner one, and at the end - with grinding and honing the smallest corners. Buying a set is more expensive, but the result is much higher quality.

Hole type:

For through. They differ in the long working part. It gradually expands, passing into the working area, which is responsible for precise cutting.
For the deaf. On the cutting segment, calibrating turns immediately begin. Therefore, it is very important to sharpen them or change the set in a timely manner as they wear out.

By groove design:

straight - I work great with soft alloys;
screw, their working area is staggered, they can easily pass even through cast iron;
shortened - well divert chips.

The shape of the product resembles a cone (full or truncated) or a cylinder. Also, they all differ in diameter.

Technology: how to use a thread tap

There are several stages, each of which is important. These are preparatory procedures, 1, 2, 3 or more rotation approaches, final grinding. We'll talk more about preparation below. The manipulation itself with the tool is relatively simple. It is necessary to direct the tip, set it evenly, and then use the knob to make rotational movements.

We do not advise you to start cutting an unprepared workpiece. If you already have a sheet of metal, where the through hole was obtained by stamping or other metalworking, you need to drill it out and then countersink - cut off the edges.
Bevel the upper 0.5 cm from the sample. This must be done at an angle of 60 degrees.
The tool must be lubricated and cooled during the process, otherwise additional heat treatment will occur, during which the metal surface can acquire additional strength.
Do a reverse stroke every 1-2 turns. This allows you to clean the working area from sticking chips.

Let's watch a video. It shows not only working with a tap for cutting internal threads, but also with a die for external threading:

Preparatory procedures

The beginning of any work is the choice of material and tools. The workpiece must have a hole. Worst of all, those that are obtained by casting or stamping are processed. Better - if pressure or melting was applied. But in any case, the most suitable conditions are created during fresh metalworking using drilling or countersinking.

The drill and its section are selected in accordance with the required result according to the regulatory document - GOST 19257 - 73. This is a Russian standard, but it complies with international standards. It must be new or have a good sharpening. In the working tool (or in the chuck of the machine), it must be firmly fixed so that there are no beats or wobbles.

How to correctly determine the diameter and cut the thread with a tap - table

To determine the cross section, there are special standards. Let's present all the data in the form of tabular values. Immediately make a reservation that they are not suitable for all tasks, but only for standard ones. These include all nuts on sale that fit screws. Therefore, if you need a connection with a specific fastener, pay attention to its marking.

Marking	Turn pitch	Drill diameter
2	0,4	1,6	0,25	1,75	—	—
3	0,5	2,5	0,35	2,65	—	—
4	0,7	3,3	0,5	3,5	—	—
5	0,8	4,2	0,5	4,5	—	—
6	1	5	0,75	5,2	0,5	5,5
7	1	6	0,75	6,2	0,5	6,5

These are standard sizes, but there are special purposes, unique connections. For them, everything is very easy to calculate on their own. If the thread is marked M10, and the pitch is 0.3, then 0.3 mm must be subtracted from 10 mm. The result will be equal to the diameter of the hole - 9.7 mm.

If it is made smaller, then it will be difficult for the tap to pass, areas with poor processing will form. And if more, then the grooves will be shallow, the screw will wobble inside or even fall out over time.

Let's also introduce the international marking system in inches:

Designation, inches	External	Interior	Thread, mm	Step
G 1/8	9,37	8,858,8	28	28
G 1/4	13,16	11,89	11,8	19
G 3/8	16,66	15,39	15,25	19
G 1/2	20,95	19,17	19,00	14
G5/8	22,91	21,13	21,00	14
G 3/4	26,44	24,66	24,50	14
G7/8	30,20	28,42	28,25	14
G1	33,25	30,93	30,75	11
G1, 1/8	37,90	35,58	35,30	11
G1, 1/4	41,91	25,59	39,25	11
G1, 3/8	44,32	45,00	41,70	11
G1, 1/2	47,80	45,48	45,25	11
G1, 3/4	53,74	51,43	51,10	11
G2	29,61	57,29	57,00	11
G2, 1/4	25,17	62,96	63,10	11
G2, 1/2	75,18	72,86	72,60	11
G2, 3/4	81,53	79,21	78,90	11
G3	87,88	58,56	85,30	11
G3, 1/4	93,98	91,66	91,50	11
G3, 1/2	100,33	98,01	97,70	11
G3, 3/4	106,68	104,3	104,00	11
G4	113,03	110,71	110,40	11

Steps for cutting by hand

Metal preparation (cleaning, drilling a hole).
Tool selection. It is very important which tap to cut the thread with, the purity of the result depends on it.
Selection of other devices in one place (electric drill, drill, chamfer cutter, wrench, vise, machine oil or grease for lubrication).
Rotation.
Finishing sanding as needed.

Technology features

The technological process itself consists of at least two approaches - draft and final. Follow the algorithm:

using a hammer and a core, make a hole, a recess in the workpiece;
drill a hole;
use LUBRICANT;
make rotational movements with the help of knobs.

We invite you to watch the video:

Precautionary measures

There are self-taught masters who insert a tap into a drill. It is absolutely impossible to do this, especially if the tool is not designed for machine rotation. This will only damage the power drill.

It happens that due to excessive hardness of the metal or due to improper use of the drill, it may get stuck in the opening. This can only be corrected manually by holding the chip in a vise and turning it out.

Determine the even angle and check with the square after each turn for the first 3-4 rotations.
Make turns in the opposite direction. to get rid of metal shavings. She can stick.
Use linseed oil or drying oil, kerosene, turpentine, lard or ordinary soap for lubrication. But if you work with cast iron or bronze, it is better to carry out the procedure dry.

In the article, we talked about cutting internal threads with a tap manually, presented a table. To complete the topic, let's watch a video on how to make hardware using a die:

In the process of building radio-controlled models, especially ships, it is almost always necessary to cut the thread, since a fairly large number of detachable connections are used.

Today I want to tell and show, with examples, how this is done. To begin with, it must be said that the thread is right and left, has a diameter and pitch, the right helix rises counterclockwise, and the left one clockwise. From this it follows that the name corresponds to the direction of twisting of the product. Metric threads are indicated by the letter "M", followed by a number indicating its diameter, and the value after the "x" sign indicates the pitch, if it is not specified, then the main pitch is implied, which is preferred for each diameter.

If it is necessary to cut a thread in a hole, then taps are used to perform these works.

They are universal or complete, which are a set of two or three tools that work alternately: first - roughing, and then - finishing.

With a universal tap, all work is done in one pass. Previously, a hole is drilled in the place where it is necessary to perform internal cutting. Its diameter is selected according to the table.

If the hole is drilled more, then the connection will not have a full profile and will turn out to be of poor quality. If the diameter is taken smaller, then the tap will be difficult to move and this can lead to jamming and breakage, especially in hard materials. After drilling, the square shank is securely fixed in the wrench and well lubricated, for example, with grease, is inserted into the hole. Then, smoothly rotating the knob, making two turns forward and half a turn back, cutting is performed. Every 4-5 revolutions, the tap is removed, chips are removed from it, and after lubrication, the actions are repeated.

Sometimes it is required to restore or cut threads on a rod, stud, bolt or shaft. For this, a plate is used. Unlike cutting in a hole, on a rod, all the work is done in one pass.

One end of the rod is well fixed, for example, in a vise. On the second one in the form of a cone and well lubricated, it is possible with solid oil, a die is installed, clamped into the knob. Then the knob rotates with smooth movements, and, after every half-turn, it is advisable to turn the tool back a little to remove chips. Good lubrication ensures ease of movement and prevents premature blunting of the working surfaces of the tool.

For cutting threads on shafts, such a “device” is used.

It works as a guide, since it is quite difficult to accurately set the die, even on a cone, and cut the thread exactly in the center. A hole with a shaft diameter is drilled in the thin part of the “adapt”, in our case 2 mm. In the thick part, the tool is fixed under M2. During operation, the thin part is put on the shaft and then cutting is performed. This guide allows the die to move strictly in the center of the shaft. Such a detail is made on a lathe, individually for each section of the shaft.

The articulation of structural parts occurs by means of bolts, screws and studs, which in turn have a special external and internal thread. Such connections are called detachable. Bolts, screws and studs are cylindrical rods with screw threads. The process of thread cutting is carried out mechanically and manually, on machines with a special tool.

Processing methods

The internal thread is applied with taps, the external thread with dies. The taps are shaped like a screw, with a groove along the screw end to allow the chips to slide off in the process. The dies in their geometric shape resemble a nut. Able to cut threads up to 52 mm in diameter. There are round, square, hexagonal and prismatic.

Features of internal threading

Thread is a reliable way to connect two parts, this indicator increases significantly if the thread is internal. Tapping is the removal of metal material using cutting edges with different pitches. The operation is carried out in one pass. Depending on the intended purpose, swordsmen are divided into: locksmith (metric and inch threads), nut, uterine and ram. By type of thread - left to create a left-hand thread and, accordingly, right.

tapping method

The internal thread is applied with a tap, which is made of carbon or high alloy steel. The tool consists of a shank attached to the glass chuck and a working area - a cutting part with longitudinal and helical grooves. The intaking part - the upper part of the cone, carries out threading work. Calibrating part - calibrates the direction of the process. General rules of work:

it is not recommended to immediately apply a thread to products made by casting or stamping. It is necessary to pre-drill the hole, thereby removing soot and scale;
on drilling machines, the tap must be fixed in reversible chucks to eliminate the possibility of breakage;
obligatory chamfering in those places where work is planned.

Regardless of the cutting method: manual or automatic (on machine tools), the use of coolant is an important component for obtaining a quality result.

lathe cutting method

The main problem with the use of taps is chip removal in holes of 6 mm and over 16 mm. Due to the limited space, chip removal is difficult, which can cause tool breakage. On lathe-type machines, the thread is applied using a boring cutter and carbide inserts with a full or partial profile.

Features of external threading

The thread is a groove of various geometric shapes, cut with special tools - dies, thread cutters, taps and grinding wheels. The thread is applied both manually and with the help of a lathe and a cutter.

cutting method with a die and a tap

Tap - a screw with straight and helical grooves, designed for cutting internal threads. The manual cutting method requires 3 taps: rough, for applying the initial thread, medium and fine. The machine method of cutting is carried out on turning and milling machines. The dies are similar in shape and appearance to a nut; on the inside of the tool there are cutting teeth of a conical shape for cutting external threads. The shape is distinguished - round, square and hexagonal. According to the device - solid, split and sliding. For unimpeded passage of the die through the part, it is necessary to chamfer.

turning method

In production, the thread is cut using a lathe and a special tool - a thread cutter. For each product, an individual helical pitch indicator is set, it is determined by measuring the distance between adjacent turns. The part is placed in a lathe, at the moment of rotation of the workpiece, the cutter moves along all axes, creating a helical surface. Threaded cutters according to the design features are divided into: prismatic, rod and round / disk. The thread profile used is triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, thrust and round geometric shapes.

Features of threading pipes

In pipe threading, 3 types are used: on a lathe, using a die or a pipe die. In practice, the triangular type of thread is most common:

inch, with measuring calculations in inches. The thread is characterized by high strength due to the large pitch and large profile. Used for water pipes;
metric, measured in millimeters, used for pipe fasteners.

Klupp is a tool of limited functionality, used only for threading pipes.
On lathes, the process is structured as follows: the pipe is fixed in the spindle, then all unnecessary is removed with a cutting cutter, the appropriate step is selected and the thread is applied.

Working with large diameter pipes

On metal pipes with a large diameter, threading is carried out using a die or a die. The device is a metal blank with cutters of various sizes on the inside, in fact it is the same die, only improved. Klupp is equipped with a handle and a ratchet for idle reverse. A metal pipe is placed in a die with a pre-selected comb diameter. After the pipe is securely fixed, the handle is activated. As the klupp moves along the pipe, a thread is applied to the outer part.

Threaded connections are the most reliable of detachable connections. They were first used in antiquity, and since then have been noticeably improved. Until the invention of the screw-cutting lathe in the 17th century, each pair of "bolt-nut" was made individually, they were not interchangeable. In the 19th century, during the development of railways in England, Sir Joseph Whitworth's inventor proposed and implemented the threading standard that has since borne his name. For cutting external threads, a screw-cutting lathe or special dies are used; for cutting internal threads, taps are used - a type of milling cutter.

In a modern tap there are the following mandatory structural elements:

The head (or intaking) part in the form of a gentle cone, which serves to start the formation of the thread profile.
A number (2-6) of lateral grooves providing chip removal and lubrication (coolant) supply.
The calibrating part, in the form of an extended cylinder, completes the precise formation of the profile.
Shank used to secure the tap in the clamping device of the cartridge or collar.

In the cross section, the shape of the groove is determined by its two surfaces: the front face of the cutting tooth of the tap and the back of this tooth.

The following types of chip grooves are distinguished:

Single-radius - the cross section is an arc of a circle, used on calibration tools.
Rectilinear - U-shaped cross-section, used for cutting nut threads.
Mixed - rectilinear front and arched back. This is how most of the universal tool is made.

In addition, the grooves are divided into:

Rectilinear. Used in a universal tool.
Left spiral. Left-handed are used for threading a passage. The chips are pushed into the space in front of the tap, thus protecting the already formed profile from damage.
Right spiral. Right-hand taps are supplied for cutting blind holes, with such grooves the chips are pushed outward and do not clog the hole.

The conical shape of the head makes it easier to center the tap in the hole and start cutting the first threads. The angle of inclination of the cone varies between 3° and 20°, the specific value is determined based on the purpose of the tool - roughing, intermediate or finishing pass.

The cylindrical part is actually an inverted cone with a very small taper angle. Understatement reaches 0.1 mm, which reduces friction during cutting.

Other tap designs exist for rare and special applications.

Thread types

For cutting each type and size of thread, there are different sets of taps. They are not interchangeable, as are threaded elements of different types. There are the following main types:

Metric. Profile in the form of an isosceles triangle with an angle at the apex of 60°, all profile dimensions are expressed in millimeters. Marked with M.
Inch. The profile has a sharper angle - 55°. The diameter is expressed in inches and their fractions as simple fractions, and the pitch is expressed in the number of turns per inch. Some are marked with the letter W (in honor of J. Whitworth).
Trubnaya. It features a different inclination of the front and back of the profile to ensure the reliability of the connection and prevent its spontaneous unwinding. There are both cylindrical and conical pipe threads.

There are other thread types for special applications.

Materials for the production of taps

The elements of a tap experience great mechanical and thermal loads, it must be able to cut several hundred holes during its operation, and a machine tap must be able to cut many thousands of holes. Therefore, high-quality tool steels are used for their manufacture:

For manual models - high-carbon U10A or U 12A.
For machine tools - high-speed PM5, etc.
For high-performance automatic equipment - carbide with increased heat resistance.

In addition to the advantages of high performance and durability, such materials have one drawback - in the event of a breakage, the tap for threading cannot be drilled.

How to cut a thread by hand correctly and without losing a tool

The technological process of thread cutting is divided into several operations.

Training. According to the table of correspondences, select a drill of the required diameter and accurately drill a hole, preventing the drill from withdrawing. The drill must be properly sharpened, otherwise the material will overheat and the thread strength will decrease. Countersink the hole. In the case of a blind hole, give an allowance for depth.
For threading, use taps of standard sizes only.
Slicing. Movements should be neat and measured. Do not skip numbers, you should use all three in sequence - from rough to finish.
After each full turn of the wrench, a half-turn should be given in the opposite direction to break the chips and push them out of the grooves.
Cleaning. Through holes are cleaned with a wire brush, blind holes - with an industrial vacuum cleaner or a stream of compressed air.
Examination. Screw the screw into the hole. It should enter without distortion and go along the thread smoothly and effortlessly.

In folklore, there are other secrets of manual cutting, however, to obtain high-quality carving, it is enough to strictly observe the above

If something went wrong or what to do with a broken tap

A tap, like any other tool, is not eternal and is subject to natural wear and tear. To prevent this from happening ahead of time, the above recommendations should be followed. The most common causes of failure are:

Skew.
Too small hole.
Excessive force applied to the collar.
Non-compliance with the rule of reverse half-turn after each full turn of the crank.

No need to rush, try to drive the thread faster or try to skip the tap from the set. All this will result in a great loss of time when removing a broken tool and when re-threading.

How to unscrew a broken tap

Extractor. For taps, a special extractor with hardened curved thin pins is used, which are inserted into the grooves at one end and clamped in a special cylindrical mandrel with the other. Carefully turning the mandrel with a wrench, you can unscrew the affected tool.
Spot welding. An L-shaped rod is welded to the fragment, for which the structure is unscrewed with pliers.
Etching with acids. An acid is selected that acts more strongly on the material of the tap than on the material of the part. The method is dangerous and is not recommended for use in home workshops.
Electrospark method. A minus is applied to the part, and the positive contact welding electrode gently touches the fragment. In the course of an electric spark discharge, it loses the smallest particles of metal in the form of hot splashes. After a few discharges, as a rule, the jamming disappears, and the chip can be unscrewed.

But the best way is not to break the tap at all.

Preparing for internal threading

In order for the thread to be cut without problems, it is necessary to carefully prepare the hole.

A table of correspondences between drill diameters for a specific tap for metric, inch, pipe and trapezoidal threads is given by reference.

Download table of threaded hole diameters

Threaded connections are used in the manufacture of a wide variety of products. This is due to the fact that it can be cut independently using inexpensive equipment. Before applying turns to the surface of the product, you should consider the main points regarding certain parameters. A high-quality thread is characterized by a tight connection and high reliability. Let us consider in more detail the process of cutting coils on pipes.

Preparing for hand carving

Threading pipes at home can be done using improvised tools. The basic rules for preparation are as follows:

At the place where the coils are cut, dirt, rust and other pollutants are removed. This recommendation is due to the fact that foreign elements can degrade the quality of the turns.
If there is a chamfer on the pipe, then it is carefully removed with a file. In some cases, this process is carried out by a grinder, but the quality of the resulting chamfer may be low. Therefore, if there is no need to rush, then it is best to work with a file.
At the time of work, the surface must be well lubricated with oil. Only in this case it is possible to ensure the smooth running of the mechanism used.

Step-by-step instructions for threading with a die

The most common can be called a die of various types. It is one of the necessary tools for cutting coils. Among its features, we note the following points:

The die looks like a nut made of hardened steel. From the end sides there are holes made in the form of a flower. To ensure machining, the edges are represented by sharp cutting edges. Due to the petal shape, chip removal from the cutting zone is ensured.
There are holes in the body for mounting the handle. They are located on the sides, due to which a uniform impact is ensured.

The die has become widespread due to the fact that it is quite easy to use. Recommendations for its use are as follows:

At the time of processing, the pipe must be vertically located. At the same time, it is fixed with a vice.
It is recommended to clean the surface, as well as create a chamfer.
Oil should be applied to the pipe, which will simplify the passage of the die through the pipe.
It should be borne in mind that the die must be located strictly vertically. Even with a deviation of only 10 degrees, it will lead to a decrease in the quality of the resulting turns.
The handle should be rotated clockwise.
In order to improve the quality of the resulting surface, one reverse should be done after two turns, which ensures the removal of metal residues from the cutting part.

During work, periodically lubricate the working part and the pipe with oil. Lubricants make cutting easier and smoother.

Threading set for pipes and how to use it

You can significantly simplify the task of threading by purchasing a special set for pipes. It is ideal for home use. An example is a klupp - a slightly modified die, which is used together with a ratchet and a guide. The kit may include various devices:

Monolithic are represented by a cylindrical body with an internal hole. For work, a special die holder is also included in the kit.
Sliding ones consist of incisors, the distance between which can be adjusted if necessary. It is used for cutting a threaded surface in several passes, thereby improving the quality.

Lerka is selected depending on the diameter of the pipe and the direction of the thread. The cutting process is characterized by the following features:

A special tool, called a klupp, is installed in a ratchet.
Oil is also applied to the cutting part, which simplifies the movement of the working part.
A guide is installed on the edge of the processed pipe.
The ratchet rotates around the axis, due to which the thread is formed.
During machining, oil is added from time to time.

It is worth considering the moment that the device after prolonged use may become dull. That is why you need to monitor the condition of the cutting edge.

Threading a pipe near a wall

Most of the problems arise with threading on a pipe that is located near the wall. This is due to the location of the workpiece and the lack of free space. That is why a common question can be called how to cut a thread on a pipe.

In this case, processing is carried out using similar tools. However, threading a pipe near a wall is often only possible if the wall is partially removed. Among other features of the procedure, we note the following points:

If you need to cut a thread on one of the sections of the pipeline, then it is recommended to dismantle it first. In some cases this is possible.
For cutting pipe threads, a fairly large amount of oil is also required, which facilitates the movement of the device. However, when the pipe is horizontal, it begins to drain quickly, which creates significant problems with the process under consideration.
The thread is made in several passes, which ensures a high surface quality.

Cutting a thread on a water pipe when it is in a horizontal position is quite difficult. This is due to the fact that it is quite difficult to control the strict location of the applied mechanism parallel to the axis, as well as to provide the required load.

How to cut an internal thread?

In some cases, an internal thread is required, which can also be cut using a hand tool. Often, for such work, a tap is selected, which consists of three main parts:

Fence.
Calibrating.
Tail.

The intake is applied directly at the moment of cutting, the calibrating guides the tool and ensures its vertical position. The tail section is required in order to fix the die in a special holder.

An internal thread can be formed as follows:

The pipe is fixed in a vertical position.
The tap of the workpiece being processed is lubricated.
The device is placed strictly vertically, after which several rotations are made clockwise, and one against.

At the time of work, oil should be added from time to time. This ensures a smooth running of the tool.

Gutter cutting machine

In production, special machines are often used. In terms of design features, they are in many ways reminiscent of machines with a vertical orientation. Among the features we note:

Diameter index and thread pitch are adjustable.
If necessary, you can carefully adjust the number and speed of rotation of the cutting element.
Almost all models are characterized by the possibility of processing the outer and inner surfaces.

Modern machines can be used even when cutting thin-walled products. Difficulties can arise only when the workpiece cannot be removed and installed vertically.

Basic cutting methods

There are two main ways to cut coils on the surface to be treated: manually or using automatic equipment. In home workshops, hand tools are often used, as they are cheap and easy to use. The most commonly used die, on sale are the following:

Klupp.
Whole.
Split.

The main part of the fixture can be made in the form of a square and hexagons. The most widespread are disk versions, which are used for threading.

Split or spring-loaded versions are characterized by high wear resistance. However, the features of their design determine that it is practically impossible to achieve high accuracy and purity of the cut turns.

You can also use sliding dies, which often consist of two working parts. This ensures versatility in application.

Thread cutting technique

As previously noted, the klupp is represented by a modernized die, which has adjustable cutters. In addition, the cutting part can be replaced if necessary and extend the life of the tool.

On sale you can find a manual version, as well as an electric one. Hand tools are more common, they are easy to use and inexpensive.

Electric are characterized by high performance. Klupp is installed in a different position, but most often in a vertical position.

Cutting with a hand screw

The working part is installed in a special holder made in the form of a ratchet. It greatly simplifies the process of cutting coils on the surface of the pipe.
You can start work by cleaning the pipe. It should be borne in mind that when cutting turns, it is possible only in the absence of strong defects.
Surface cleaning is carried out to the metal until it begins to shine.
The outer edge is machined to obtain a chamfer. This ensures the entry of the tool.
The surface is treated with technical vaseline. It reduces the degree of friction, makes the tool run smoother.
The pipe is fixed in a vice, you can hold it with a gas wrench. It is important to exclude the possibility of tilting or displacement of the pipe when a high load is applied to it.

The work involves making several turns clockwise, and then in the opposite direction. This is done in order to remove chips from the cutting zone.

Cutting with an electric screw

In addition to hand tools, electric tools are also widely used. The advantage of this embodiment can be called high performance. Work with its application has the following features:

The part to be processed is carefully prepared.
Provides reliable fastening of the workpiece.
The mechanism is fixed at the starting point.
The free movement of the guides and the direction of rotation of the cutting part are checked.
The first turns are cut in jog mode.

On the tool, you can set the basic parameters, for example, the length of the cut. Application features depend on its functionality and other performance characteristics.

The procedure for cutting external threads on a water pipe

Water pipes are found in almost every residential and commercial building. The sequence of actions for threading is as follows:

Training. At the preparatory stage, the main thing is to remove all dirt and possible rust, as well as remove all defects. Otherwise, it may be difficult to carry out the work.
Workpiece installation. The pipe must be located strictly vertically, otherwise the die may move to the side.
Cutting. At this stage, it is necessary to monitor the strictly vertical arrangement of the mechanism used, since even a slight displacement can lead to significant problems.
Quality checking. This stage involves screwing the nut, due to which the cleanliness of the turns and the accuracy of their location are checked.

When using a lathe, it is possible to create turns in one longitudinal pass. However, screw-cutting lathes are not the best suited for the task at hand.

On stainless pipe

Often, stainless steel is used in the manufacture of pipes. It is characterized by high strength and corrosion resistance. However, the presence of a large amount of alloying elements leads to a decrease in the degree of machinability. That is why there can be quite a few difficulties with threading.

You can simplify the cutting process with the abundant use of a lubricant. In addition, you need to choose a die or tap made of wear-resistant material that will not dull during processing.

In conclusion, we note that it is not necessary to have any skills or special tools to obtain threads on the surface of pipes. It is important to use the selected threading mechanism correctly, as well as monitor the presence of lubricant. It should be borne in mind that an insufficient amount of lubricant can lead to jamming of the die or tap.