Furnace to heat the house. Water heating system from a wood-burning stove. Compliance with fire regulations

Stove heating remains very popular in Russia, as it has proven effective and has a low price. In any case, it is much less than the organization of electric, gas or air heating. Although these new technologies are considered more advanced and should provide more heat, the Russians still remain true to the traditional way of creating comfort in the house.

In addition, do-it-yourself stove heating is easier to organize and operate than modern counterparts. And after all, not everyone knows how to work with gas or welding machines.

And yet, such equipment is more reliable and has increased functionality, since the stove is used not only for heating, but also helps to cook food. Even the city dwellers agreed that the food cooked with the help of the oven has a special taste that is hard to miss.

Because of this, such a device remains in demand and is used even in our progressive time. In particular, this applies to the eastern regions of Russia, which are almost all year round under the rule of great frosts.

They noticed that gas, electric or other methods of heating are not suitable for these latitudes, as they often break down. In addition, the stove looks beautiful in any home.

You can see for yourself by looking at the photo of the stove in the house based on various popular designs. Next, we will consider different versions of designs suitable for different types of houses.

How to choose the right oven?

Previously, its design was uncomplicated, a base was created from bricks, clay, metal corners and an upper part for cooking various foods. In other words, it was formed from what was at hand. Although now this approach is still practiced due to the fact that not everyone has the opportunity to purchase new versions.

But still, advanced furnace heating systems have appeared that deserve attention. And they can be used with more impact than homemade versions. And most importantly, their cost is within reasonable limits.

And the Russians may well provide their housing with one of the improved versions. Consider the nuances of installing a modern stove:

It must provide warmth to the entire area of ​​the house through proper placement based on the primary housing project.

With the help of the correct choice of the water circuit scheme, it is necessary to ensure the greatest efficiency during its operation. Some versions work on the basis of summer or winter mode, which helps to increase efficiency.

It should cool for a long time, which will help reduce the consumption of solid fuel.

If the stove has simplified operation and maintenance, then it can be considered a suitable option for any home.

The place and method of its installation must be optimal to ensure the efficiency of heating and comply with all safety regulations.

The furnace must be designed for a long service life.

It is worth paying attention to its appearance so that it harmoniously merges with other elements of the interior.

How are kilns used today?

Even now, very high-quality projects of houses with stove heating are being created, focusing on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe building and the needs of the owners. To understand what kind of stove you need, you need to estimate the size of the house.

If the furnace is too efficient, it will absorb funds, but its return may be wasted.

Consider for which houses different types of stoves are ideal:

If the house is small and has one or two well-insulated rooms, then one stove for heating and cooking purposes is suitable for it. It is reasonable to assemble it on the basis of a brick.

For large buildings, a more serious stove heating scheme with increased output is needed to provide heat to all rooms. In this case, it is worth using a system based on a water or steam type.

If we are talking about a building with one floor, then you can rely on a brick or cast-iron version of the stove. And for two or three-story buildings, a cast-iron version of the furnace will be required in the form of an almost full-fledged boiler.

Positive and negative aspects of using the oven

Usually it is used if there is not enough money for a modern type of heating or there is no access to the main gas network. Although some Russians just want to use this type of heating. They believe that stove heating of a private house suits them based on various reasons.

This may be a feature of the design idea of ​​​​the building or fear of using gas, facilitated operation, and other reasons.

But still, consider the positive aspects of its operation:

It has autonomy and can provide heating in the absence of gas or electricity, the main thing is that there is a solid or liquid fuel for this purpose.

Its price in the process of creation and operation is much lower than various modern analogues. Because of it, bills for gas or warm water will not come.

There is no need to install any complex programs for the oven, and if something breaks, in most cases it can be fixed by one's own efforts.

It does not require communications, which allows you to use its qualities on the territory of any region of the planet.

But it also has negative sides, consider them:

It heats up for a long time, which affects the slow flow of heat into the living quarters.

Not a high level of efficiency when using a brick version of the furnace. But due to the high design of the chimney, created in a labyrinth form, it is possible to keep heat in the premises of the house longer.

The brick version of the stove will take up too much space, but only due to this it will be able to provide full heating for the whole house.

If we are talking about a brick version of the stove, then you will have to regularly add firewood, otherwise its efficiency will not be sufficient to constantly feel the heat in the house, but this does not apply to the cast-iron version of the stove, since it involves one laying of firewood for the entire heating session.

Now you have received enough information to decide whether you need one of the oven versions or not. We hope that your choice will be correct, and the stove will be able to serve for a long time, creating comfort in your home.

Photo stove heating

Despite the availability of high-tech methods of heating buildings and structures, developers often choose stove heating. The reason for this is the insecurity of many settlements with natural energy sources.

In the absence of natural main gas in private houses, developers in most cases use stove heating. Such a solution will be the most profitable in the operation of temporary buildings - change houses, warehouses, workshops. Sometimes a stove or fireplace is made in addition to the main heating system.

Features of using stoves

The main feature of furnace heating is the periodicity of the firebox. This means that for some time such a system requires human participation in the technological process. This participation is expressed in the performance of work on bringing fuel, starting (igniting) the furnace, removing residual combustion products (ash). As a rule, the time required to perform these actions is small compared to the duration of the technological period (the time from the beginning of the furnace to the beginning of the next furnace).

The second distinguishing feature is the obligatory location of the stove in a heated room, and this requires compliance with increased requirements for the fire-prevention condition of the building and for ventilation.

The laying of the furnace is made of stone or brick. These materials absorb heat during combustion, giving it away within a few hours. To increase the cooling time, a valve is built into the chimney that blocks it.

Note! The installation location of the valve should be as high as possible in order to use the heat of the furnace more efficiently. However, this height is limited by the possibility of convenient opening and closing.

There are stoves for temporary heating of premises. They are small and light, heat up very quickly and cool down quickly after the fire is stopped. Such stoves are called potbelly stoves.

Positive sides

The use of stoves for home heating has a long history. They are still often used today due to many advantages that are not available to modern heaters:

• complete autonomy and independence from external factors in the presence of a fuel reserve. For the operation of such heating, there is no need for electricity, gas, water;
• the cost of installing furnaces is several times lower than the cost of installing equipment for using other types of heating;
• the frequency of the process and the availability of firewood in some regions, combined with their low price, make this type of heating economical.

If you have sufficient skills, it is realistic to do stove heating for a private house with your own hands. In its design, most often there is no liquid coolant, which is used as water. This makes it possible to stop the burning process for a long time and resume it at any time, regardless of any conditions. The last factor is most relevant for buildings with a temporary presence of people, for example, for summer cottages, garden houses. However, if desired, water heating can be added if pipes and radiators are installed.

When constructing a furnace, there is a possibility of various versions. At the stage of construction of the furnace, you can make it in the form of a fireplace, provide for stove benches, dryers, stoves in the design, build in tanks for heating water.

Flaws

Along with many positive aspects, of course, there are also negative aspects of using stove heating.

Initial startup takes a significant amount of time. It will take some more time to warm up the furnace array until it begins to give off heat inside the building.

Note! The last drawback is deprived of fireplaces, the open firebox of which generates infrared radiation, which quickly warms up the volume of the room.

For the operation of stove heating, human participation is required. It is almost impossible to automate the process. The furnace heating system has a low efficiency. Its increase is facilitated by an increase in the length of the smoke channels - revolutions, an increase in the outer surface, as well as the correct position of the chimney damper during the combustion process. Firewood must be prepared in advance to ensure drying.

A good oven should be massive and have a fairly large volume. Moreover, all this volume should be located inside the building, reducing the usable area of ​​the rooms. The decision on the installation of furnace heating should be made at the design stage of buildings, since furnaces very often require a foundation.

Types of stove heating

In addition to the traditional furnace heating, which heats the premises due to infrared radiation emanating from the furnace body, there are also options that additionally use physical laws to increase efficiency.

Water heat exchangers

The first type involves embedding a water heat exchanger in the furnace, which is connected to a circuit with heating devices - radiators, registers, heated towel rails. This method significantly increases the efficiency of heating and allows you to heat even those rooms that are far from the stove and even separated from it by partitions. In addition, this method solves the problem of uneven heating of the room.

Radiators can be installed under window openings, eliminating the possibility of creating cold air currents. This type of heating, similar to heating from a solid fuel boiler, is also convenient because after the end of the furnace, the furnace retains heat for a long time, providing natural circulation in the water circuit. The efficiency increases due to the fact that hot streams from the burning fuel give off heat not only to the walls of the stove and chimney, but also heat the coolant in the heat exchanger. Therefore, much less heat escapes into the pipe.

Increased air circulation

The second option is based on the phenomenon of convection, with the help of which the air in the premises is given a circulation motion. This is done by arranging through inclined channels in the furnace body that are not connected with the volume of the furnace. Sometimes additional channels are arranged to ensure air circulation, structurally separated from the smoke channels. Air, heated in such channels, enters the room through the upper hole, while less heated air is drawn into the lower hole.

The speed of air movement will depend on the difference between the temperatures of the incoming and outgoing streams. Convective air movement is formed in the room, providing fast and uniform heating. If such a system is thought out in advance and correctly designed, then heated air can be supplied through air ducts to different rooms that are not in contact with the volume of the furnace.

Water circuit diagram

The water circuit is built either in the firebox, or in the cap or smoke channels. All options are effective, but in the hood or in the flue ducts, the heat exchanger will be subjected to less heat loads and therefore its service life will be longer. The service life here plays an important role, because to replace the heat exchanger, you will have to disassemble the furnace and chimney.

The piping scheme for the water circuit is similar to the wiring for a solid fuel boiler. It is necessary to place the branch pipe connecting the heat exchanger with the supply line slightly higher than the one that connects to the return line.

Important! For efficient operation of the water circuit with natural circulation of the coolant, the heat exchanger must be located 40-50 cm below the radiators, otherwise the latter will have a temperature insufficient to warm up the internal volume.

The thing is that circulation is possible only if the temperature on the return line is significantly lower than the supply temperature. The radiator, located at the same height as the heat exchanger, will simply be cold, and the coolant will cool down in the pipes.

If there are one or two radiators in the circuit and they are located in the same room, the last statement can be neglected. But in the case when a large country house is heated with this type, radiators must also be taken into account.

If the house is two-story, you can, for example, place a stove with a heat exchanger on the ground floor, and heat the second floor with radiators included in the water circuit. If the house is low-rise and it is impossible to position the stove below the level of the radiators, it is necessary to provide for the installation of an electric circulation pump in the return line directly in front of the stove. In this case, the furnace heating system is dependent on the performance of the power supply system at home.

brick oven

Traditionally, heating stoves in private houses are made of bricks. This material allows you to get any shape and configuration. The Russian stove is the most obvious example of such a structure. It is a body with a large firebox, which after the firebox is cleaned, closed and was previously used for cooking. The temperature allowed cooking like in a modern oven.

Sometimes a stove for cooking is laid out of brick, connected by a chimney to the stove. The plate is covered with a cast-iron plate with concentric rings.

Additional information: the simplest brick heating stove is laid out vertically, with a direct chimney. Such ovens are also called Dutch ovens. Their efficiency is low, since hot air simply rises and exits through the pipe. But due to the low flue gas temperature losses, these furnaces can heat two rooms at once, located one above the other.

To improve heat transfer, two or three smoke turns are provided. For this, a shield is laid out, inside which smoke channels pass. At the bottom of each of them there is a closing hole for cleaning.

When installing brick ovens, it is imperative to provide for waterproofing the body from the foundation. The first two or three rows must be laid out from burnt bricks. It is recommended to lay the firebox inside with refractory bricks.

cast iron stove

Cast iron stoves can also be used in buildings for space heating. The advantage over brick stoves is that cast iron stoves can be installed without a special foundation, even on an interfloor ceiling. Cast iron heats up fairly quickly and does not cool down for a long time.

Prices for cast iron stoves are low, almost everyone can install it. As a result, the final cost of heating with a cast-iron stove is much lower than with a brick one.

There are some drawbacks to cast iron stoves. It should be installed at a distance of at least a meter from the walls in a wooden or frame house. It is impossible to build such furnaces into partitions, therefore, only one room in the building can be heated.

Self installation

For self-production of stove heating, it is necessary to think through everything in advance to the smallest detail, so that you do not have to solve unforeseen problems later. It is necessary to calculate the thermal power of the future furnace, the amount of material needed.

Where to place

If it is planned to install a brick oven in a house under construction, it is necessary to determine its location on the plan so that it can heat the largest possible area. The ideal location would be approximately in the center of the house at the junction of several partitions. In this case, the chimney will be able to heat the premises of the second floor or attic.

For more efficient heating of the premises of the upper floor, holes are provided in the ceiling for the circulation of heated air. In the ceiling within the same room there must be at least two such holes - one near the stove, the other - on the opposite side.

Material selection

For the device of the furnace, well-burned solid clay bricks are used. It is possible to use ordinary building solid bricks made of clay, provided that the firebox is lined with refractory bricks. The masonry mortar is used from greasy clay with the addition of fine sand.

The part of the chimney located above the roof level must be made of silicate bricks on cement mortar. The temperature of the flue gases at this point in the chimney is already low, and exposure to heat and atmospheric moisture (as well as exposure to wind and precipitation) will quickly destroy the clay brick.

For the manufacture of doors, grates, valves, finished cast iron products are used, produced at enterprises specializing in the production of such products.

Important Details

When installing furnaces, it is imperative to provide for many important points. Here is some of them:

• bricks before laying must be soaked in water to improve the adhesion to the mortar;
• for grates, doors, cast-iron stoves, it is necessary to leave gaps of 0.5-1.0 cm around the perimeter of the product. These gaps are needed to compensate for the difference in thermal expansion of metal and brick;
• the cross section of the smoke channels must be strictly observed and their narrowing must not be allowed;
• metal cannot be used either for reinforcing masonry, or for covering the furnace. With a five-fold difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion, the furnace will quickly collapse. It is necessary to block the furnace with a brick vault.

With properly performed stove heating, a well-insulated building will not require frequent heating, and staying in such a house will be comfortable, and its operation will be economical.

Stove heating of a private house is one of the most popular in all Russian regions to this day.

Stove heating of a private house - sketch

Previously, several stoves were used to heat a large house, which were installed in different rooms, but this is not the most economical option, as it requires a large amount of solid fuel.

Today, thanks to the developed modern schemes, as well as the fact that many different modern types of stoves have appeared on sale, organizing heating has become much easier. It comes in different types and with different fuels. To choose the most acceptable option for your home, which will be suitable in all respects, you need to take a closer look at some types and find out their principle of operation.

• For small, well-insulated houses, consisting of one or two rooms and a kitchen, one heating and cooking stove made of bricks will be enough.
• For larger buildings, it is necessary to think over the heating system well so that the whole house can be heated from one stove. For this, heating is used with a water or steam circuit.
• For a one-story building, such a circuit can be connected to a brick oven or made of cast iron. When installing a system in a two- or three-story house, a cast-iron stove-boiler is more suitable.

The next thing to decide is the type of fuel. The system can be heated with wood, coal, peat, gas, diesel, electricity, or a combination of these. From this choice will depend on which heating stove to purchase.

brick oven

So, as mentioned above, for a small building it is enough to build one stove that will be heated with wood or coal.

The stove model must be chosen in such a way that it can not only heat the premises, but also be an assistant in cooking.

So that this heating structure does not bring any inconvenience and is as efficient as possible, you need to choose a suitable place for it. A well-placed stove can easily heat two rooms and a kitchen.

For example, this model shown in the figure would be a good option for heating three rooms. You need to know that heat transfer from the furnace depends on the surface area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe building, i.e. if one side of the oven is exposed to the room, it will be fully heated. In addition, the massive structure cools down much longer. Having heated the building in the evening, you can be sure that it will give off heat to the room until the morning.

The stove must be laid during the construction of the house, but its foundation must be separated from the general foundation of the building. It is possible to install a brick oven in an already built house, but this will be more difficult, since you will have to raise part of the floor and make a hole in the ceiling and roof for the chimney.

This diagram clearly shows the structure of the building, the foundation, the chimney channels and the passage of the pipe through the floors with all the necessary parameters that must be followed.

What size house can be heated with a brick oven with a water circuit?

A brick stove can also be adapted for heating large areas if, during its construction, a heat exchange element is placed near the firebox, through which the coolant will pass, heating up and then circulating in the heating system divorced around the house. In this case, it may be necessary to connect a water pump, which will accelerate the movement of the coolant in the system.

Heat exchange elements can be of different shapes, the photo shows one of them. It is embedded in the design of the furnace near the combustion chamber, so that, passing through it, the water quickly heats up and enters the pipes and batteries.

The inlet and outlet pipes from the heat exchanger are brought out of the furnace structure, and the heating circuit is connected to them. Next, the system is filled with water, which will play the role of a coolant.

In this case, metal-plastic pipes were used for wiring and connection to the circuit.

In this diagram, the heat exchanger is located above the furnace and is shown as a red grid. The blue line marks the cooled coolant, which passes through the circulation pump and enters the heat exchanger - this part of the circuit is called the return. The red line marks the heated water entering the radiators.

Also, a membrane tank is installed in the heating circuit, which can be located in any accessible place of the circuit, but it is advisable to install it on the return pipe.

It is also called a closed-type expansion tank. On its upper part there is a nipple, through which air is pumped into the upper chamber. When the water in the system is heated, it expands, and its excess rises into the tank, stretching the membrane. When cooled down and the corresponding pressure drop, the water is forced back into the system. Thus, possible pressure surges in the pipes are smoothed out, and the risk of damage to the integrity of the system from overheating is minimized.

Video sketch: an interesting version of a fireplace stove with a heating circuit

cast iron stove

Cast iron stoves, although they are small in size, are able to heat a fairly large room up to 80-90 cubic meters. meters. This option will be ideal for a country house, as the device has a hob function. Thanks to their elegant design, today they are also installed with pleasure in expensive mansions, as they are an interior decoration.

The best option of all cast iron models is a long burning stove. It is able to give off heat to the room for a long time, despite the fact that the laying of firewood into it is done once for the entire time of the furnace. This effect is achieved due to the internal design of the furnace, which allows you to reduce the active flame to a slow smoldering.

The long-burning boiler-furnace may also have a water circuit.

Cast iron stoves with water circuit

Cast iron furnaces with a water circuit are produced in different capacities and are designed for heating of various areas. Some of them are able to heat a two- and three-story house. The device of the heating circuit is made according to the same system as for brick ovens.

Furnaces are made of cast iron and combined type, ie. having electric heating, which turns on automatically when the temperature of smoldering firewood decreases. This combination of oven functions will always help maintain the heating system at the desired temperature.

Cast iron boilers-furnaces can also be provided for a double-circuit heating system, i.e. In addition to the warmth in the house, the owners will also have heated water.

What should be considered when choosing and installing a furnace?

When choosing which heating stove will be installed in the house, you need to correctly formulate the requirements for it, and, based on them, purchase or build a heating device.

• The warming of the entire structure of a brick oven is very important. Therefore, if it is decided to install such a furnace, you need to choose the right project and ensure the perfect construction of the building.
• The efficiency of the heating system will also depend on the design and layout of the water circuit, as well as the choice of radiators for the heating system. There are furnace schemes that can operate in summer and winter mode - this factor also contributes to the economical operation of the device.
• Part of the savings can be attributed to the long cooling of the furnace, which will use less fuel.
• Ease of operation and maintenance is important.
• The design must comply with all fire safety rules for its location and installation.
• A properly executed design will have the required traction, which will protect the house from carbon monoxide entering the premises.
• The oven must be designed on the for a long period of operation.
• Of course, it would be nice if the oven became a real decoration of the house, and not only functional from a practical point of view.

Positive and negative aspects of stove heating in a private house

In most cases, stove heating is arranged if necessary, in the absence of main natural gas. But heating with a stove has its advantages and disadvantages, which it would also be nice to know about.

What are the disadvantages?

The negative points include:

• Sufficiently long heating of the furnace, and hence the premises. This is due to the prolonged heating of the walls and the coolant in the system.
• Not very high efficiency brick structure. To increase it, you have to arrange a higher chimney, make it of a labyrinth type, so that the heat stays inside the structure longer.
• A brick oven occupies a fairly large area, but only on such a scale is it able to heat several rooms at the same time.
• In contrast to natural gas heating, the stove must be supervised throughout its entire firebox, since brick options require constant addition of fuel. Long-burning cast-iron stoves are an exception, since firewood is loaded once per firing session.

Positive points

Stove heating has a lot of positive qualities, which are often decisive in choosing it for a device in a private house.

• Autonomy, which means reliability. The house will always be warm, even when electricity and water are turned off.
• Availability at the price of construction and operation of the structure.
• Profitability in the purchase of fuel and the absence of bills for the main supply of gas or hot water, which, unfortunately,
• Simplicity in operation - oven does not require programming, and if problems arise, they can be completely eliminated on their own, without the involvement of specialists.
• Since the oven does not require communications for its operation, it can be installed or built in a house located in any region and locality.

Video: how to build a furnace with a heating circuit yourself

Due to the fact that even today gas pipelines are not installed everywhere, stove heating remains relevant and indispensable. Stocking up on fuel in advance and keeping the fire in the stove is all that is required from the owner of a house with stove heating. Therefore, in some houses, even with gas heating, they are in no hurry to get rid of reliable brick buildings, and they also install cast-iron fireplace stoves to create not only a warm, but also a cozy atmosphere in the house.

Warmth in the house is one of the most important factors of coziness and comfort. Nowadays, there are many ways to heat a house, and every year this list is updated with new technologies and developments. However, old and proven methods do not go by the wayside. Stove heating with a water circuit is one of the old and proven ways to create warmth and comfort in the house. It combines the advantages of two methods at once: stove and water heating, which significantly increases efficiency. In this article you will find the necessary diagrams and manuals for the construction of such a furnace with your own hands.

Conventional stove heating is characterized by uneven distribution of heat - there is always a strong heat near the stove itself, and the farther from the stove, the cooler. The water circuit makes it possible to evenly distribute the heat generated by the stove over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house. Thus, with the help of one stove, several rooms of the house are heated at once. Such a furnace works on the principle of a solid fuel boiler, but in addition to heating the coolant and the water circuit, the furnace also heats the walls and smoke channels, which play a significant role in heating.

The main structural element is a heat exchanger, most often called a coil. It is installed directly in the firebox, and the entire water heating system is already connected to it.

Advantages of furnace heating

Disadvantages of furnace heating with a water circuit

Advice. If heating with a water circuit is installed in a country house in which no one lives regularly, especially in winter, then in order to avoid freezing the water in the circuit, it is better to use an antifreeze liquid.

Principle of operation

The principle of operation of heating with a water circuit is quite simple. Water is sent to a heat exchanger located in the firebox of the furnace, where it is heated by burning fuel. Further, hot water is distributed over the radiator batteries, where it gives off its heat and, cooling down, returns back to the coil.

Installation and installation of equipment

Is it possible to make stove heating with a water circuit with your own hands? Perhaps if you already have experience in arranging furnaces or laying bricks. First of all, you need to prepare the most important structural element - the heat exchanger. It can be bought in specialized stores, as well as made from pipes or sheet iron. Self-construction of the stove gives you the opportunity to show imagination and build your own version of the stove, which will take into account all the needs and features of your home.

Attention. Stove heating is potentially dangerous, so the design and installation must be entrusted to specialists if you do not have sufficient skills.

The creation of such a heating system is possible in two ways:

• installation of a heat exchanger and subsequent laying of the furnace;
• installation of the coil in the operating furnace.

The second method is considered more time-consuming, since for its implementation it is necessary to disassemble the firebox, and mounting a coil into it will significantly reduce its size.

Installation Requirements

The thickness of the water layer in the heat exchanger must exceed 4 cm, since with a smaller thickness the water will boil.

The walls of the coil must be at least 5 mm, and in the case of coal, even thicker. Failure to comply with the thickness can lead to burning of the walls.

Under no circumstances should the heat exchanger be mounted close to the furnace wall. Leave at least 2 cm. This space is necessary for thermal expansion of the coil.

Particular attention must be paid to the fire safety of the system. Between the stove and wooden partitions, there must certainly be air gaps, since it is overheating of wooden structures that is the first cause of fires. It is best to clad with brick or other refractory materials.

Furnace heat exchangers

The diagram shows one of the options for the coil. It is good to place this type of exchanger in heating and cooking furnaces, because its structure makes it easy to place a stove on top.

In order to reduce the complexity of the manufacturing process, you can make some changes to this design and replace the upper and lower U-shaped pipes with a profile pipe. In addition, vertical pipes are also replaced with rectangular profiles if necessary.

If a coil of this design is installed in ovens where there is no cooking surface, then to increase the efficiency of the exchanger, it is advisable to add several horizontal pipes. Processing and withdrawal of water can be done from different sides, it depends on the design of the furnace and the design of the water circuit.

Sheet steel coils

The steel thickness for this type of exchanger must be at least 5 mm. The design also uses a 60 x 40 mm profile and 50 mm branch pipes, which serve for the inlet and outlet of water. The size of the exchanger depends directly on the length of the firebox of your stove.

If a steel exchanger is planned to be built into a heating and kitchen stove, then it would be more expedient to build the structure in such a way that the hot gas flows around the upper shelf of the exchanger and exits into the smoke circuit located in front of the coil. In this case, a hob can be installed above the coil.

In addition, there is a variant of manufacturing a sheet steel heat exchanger in the form of a book, connecting the walls of the exchanger with pipes or a profile. In this case, the register does not have an upper shelf, and for better circulation, connecting pipes can be added at the top of the register. Input and output can be done both on the back of the exchanger and on the side wall.

In this case, the hob can be placed directly above the surface of the register.

How to install a water circuit

Installation takes place in the same way as installation for any other heating system. The only point to consider is that the “return” for stove heating is located higher.

The circulation of the coolant is of three types:

Furnace installation

The installation of the furnace is usually trusted to the master, because without experience it is unlikely that it will be possible to fold a competent design on your own.

The size of the stove depends on the area of ​​​​the house - the larger the house, the larger the stove should be. If the weight of the furnace exceeds 750 kg, then in the place where it will be laid out, it is necessary to prepare a special foundation. The furnace pedestal must be separated from the main foundation by a gap filled with sand. It is also important to make the correct thermal insulation of the floor in this part.

Stove heating with a water circuit is one of the most practical and cheapest solutions for heating a private house. For all its effectiveness, the installation of such a system does not require large material costs, in addition, this type of heating can bring zest to the design of your home.

Construction of a brick oven with a water circuit: video

Furnace with water circuit: photo

Every year the construction of individual housing is increasing, the popularity of suburban private houses is increasing more and more. In modern construction, a large number of heating systems are used, but conventional stove heating with a water circuit is also widely used, even within the city, where it is not always easy to buy firewood.

Humanity has been heating its houses with firewood since ancient times, stoves in dwellings have been modified over time, boilers with a water circuit have been invented for them.

Advantages of the water circuit

A conventional wood-burning stove distributes heat unevenly - it is hot near the firebox, and the farther from the stove, the colder. It’s uncomfortable at home, because the temperature is different everywhere: I went to watch TV - it’s cool, I came to the kitchen to warm up. With water heating at home, there are no such inconveniences; on the contrary, all the heat is evenly distributed throughout all rooms.

In addition, the stove can not only heat, such wood-fired heating is usually installed above the cooking stove, that is, you can cook, which increases efficiency. A stove with a water circuit is, in fact, a solid fuel boiler, but here, in addition to the built-in system, the stove itself and chimneys additionally carry heat into the house, which remain heated for a long time even after the completion of the furnace.

Water circuit stoves are widely used in rural areas where there is no gas supply. When choosing water heating, you do not need to buy an expensive industrial gas boiler. A wood burning boiler is an economical way to heat your home.

Brick oven with water heating - cons

One of the disadvantages of the water circuit is that the boiler reduces the useful volume of the furnace. To compensate for this moment, when laying the furnace, it is necessary to provide for the required width of the boiler. In the case of a heat exchanger, firewood will have to be added more often to the finished furnace when it is fired.

Masters recommend shifting the stove when installing a water circuit, since thermal energy will be spent on heating the firebox, leaving the walls of the stove poorly heated. Only the upper part, where the chimneys are located, will warm up well.

Houses with water heating must be heated regularly in winter, otherwise the entire system may freeze and fail.

The principle of installation and operation of the system

Combined heating system of a private house

A boiler is installed in the furnace, two pipes are connected to it - one is supplied with hot water, which is sent through the expansion tank to the system, the other returns the water back to the register. Thus, there is a circulation of water in the system due to the force of the gravitational law.

Often small but powerful pumps are installed for good circulation. Such a pump is usually installed on a water return pipe (return), this method is especially effective when a large room is heated, which allows you to maintain the temperature in all parts of the system is almost the same.

How to build a water oven at home?

• There are three ways to carry out stove heating with a water circuit with your own hands:
• buy a steel furnace from a manufacturer whose services include installation of the system;
• hire a craftsman - a specialist will select the material, make the device, lay out the furnace and install the boiler;
• do it yourself.

How to make such an oven yourself

Can you make such a system yourself? Quite, just enough experience in welding and in laying bricks during the construction of the furnace. First you need to prepare the boiler (register, coil, heat exchanger).

Such a device can be bought or made independently using sheet iron and pipes. Since the complete process of manufacturing and installing a water circuit cannot be put into a short overview, the following are the main recommendations.

Water heating from a wood-burning stove - scheme

For the boiler, a sheet of metal with a thickness of at least 5 mm is used, and its design is made such that there is maximum heating of the water for further circulation. The boiler, welded from sheet steel, is easy to manufacture and operate - it is easy to clean.

But such a heat exchanger has a smaller heating area, in contrast to the pipe register. It is difficult to make a pipe register at home on your own - you need an accurate calculation and suitable working conditions, usually such boilers are made to order by specialists who install the system on site themselves.

The easiest way to use a solid fuel heat exchanger is an ordinary potbelly stove with a built-in water system. Here you can take a thick pipe as a basis, then there will be much less welding work.

Attention! All welds must be doubled, since the temperature in the furnace is not lower than 1000 degrees. If you boil ordinary seams, then there is a chance that this place will quickly burn out.

Follow the drawings of the register in accordance with the dimensions of the furnace at home. The layout of the rooms of the house and the location of the furniture also need to be considered. Here it is necessary to pay attention that it is better to choose a scheme with sheet boilers - they do not have pipe bends connected into one inseparable circuit. Such a structure is not so troublesome to construct. It is also convenient because after installation it is possible to use the hob without problems, which cannot be said about some tube boilers.

Register of smooth pipes - drawing

When the coolant moves by gravity, then you need to raise the expansion tank higher, and use pipes of large diameters. If the pipes are of insufficient size, then a pump cannot be dispensed with, since there will be no good circulation.

Boilers equipped with pumps have their pros and cons: you can save money by installing pipes of smaller diameter and not raising the system so high, but there is one significant disadvantage - when the electricity is turned off or the circulation pump burns out, the heated boiler can simply explode.

It is better to assemble the structure at home, on site, since the device, like individual parts, has a very large weight and dimensions.

System installation

• Before installation, a solid foundation is poured, on top of which it is better to lay a layer of bricks.
• You can lay the grate at different stages: before the boiler, if the double structure, the lower part of which can be equal to or higher than the upper part of the grate, when the stove is low and the system is placed a little higher, then the grate, doors, corner on the stove are usually placed after the boiler is installed .
• A housing is installed - usually it consists of two containers connected by pipes.
• The entire heat exchange system is welded to the boiler: the outlet pipe goes to the expander, goes in a circle, through the radiators, and on the other side, the return pipe is welded to the boiler from below.

Stove heating with a water circuit allows, firstly, to use firewood much more rationally, and secondly, to evenly distribute warm air throughout the heated room.

Having decided to independently make a heating system at home with a wood-fired water circuit, think through all the stages of work, and if there is any doubt about the successful outcome, then it is better to contact specialists.

Video: Leningradka heating system