The fruits of the blackthorn are used mainly for the production of wines (table, dessert, strong), low-acid - for the preparation of jam, tea surrogates and other products.
At the same time, it was found that the blackthorn for winemaking can be used not only in a mixture with other fruits, but also in its pure form. The process of alcoholic fermentation proceeds actively and during natural fermentation, wines with an alcohol content of 14.75-15% are obtained. Blackthorn wine is distinguished by its high palatability and delicate pleasant aroma. The only drawback inherent in wine made from blackthorn is that the clarification processes proceed slowly in it, despite the significant content of tannins. It is known that fully ripe thorns, after they have been "captured" by frost, become less tart; juice from them in some countries is used to mask the vices of wines.
The fruits of the wild blackthorn are also used for the production of alcoholic beverages (vodka). To do this, they are first subjected to alcoholic fermentation, followed by distillation of the alcoholic liquid.
It is also possible to obtain juices, extracts, syrups from the fruits of the blackthorn and use them for the production of liqueurs, tinctures, liqueurs and vinegar. It is noted that alcoholic drinks made from blackthorn have a positive effect on digestion.
Blackthorn fruits contain a significant amount of pectin, so they can be used in the confectionery industry in the production of not only jams, but also jams, marshmallows, marmalade, candied fruits, caramel fillings and many other products.
Preserves and jams made from blackthorn are distinguished by their characteristic aroma and spicy taste.
The turn can also be successfully used for the production of marinades - canning with acetic acid, as well as for canning in hermetically sealed containers in the production of compotes.
In some areas, the fruits of the blackthorn are naturally dried in the sun or under sheds, as well as with the help of warm air in fruit and vegetable dryers and in Russian ovens.
The kernels of the seeds (pits) of the blackthorn are very rich in fat and contain amygdalin, so they can be used for the production of fatty and essential bitter almond oils.
Blackthorn pit shells can be used in the chemical industry for the production of activated carbon.
The fruits, flowers, bark and roots of blackthorn are used in folk medicine as a blood purifier and for gastrointestinal diseases. A decoction of the roots is used for dental diseases, as a rinse.
Blackthorn flowers are of great medicinal value as a gentle laxative and emollient.
Dried sloe leaves are used in some areas as a substitute for tea.
It should be noted that the peoples of the Caucasus find application for all parts of the blackthorn plant. In addition to nutritional and taste value, the juice from the fruit of the blackthorn, boiled in lye, is used to color the cloth red.
Turn can be used to create hedges.
It can be introduced into windbreaks, used to strengthen ravines and as rootstocks for plum orchards (dwarf) and peach.
Turn gives brown-reddish, very hard wood (specific gravity from 0.71 to 0.94).
The wood of the thorn, although it has considerable hardness and is quite well polished, does not have a beautiful color, warps and cracks; used for the production of tool handles and other purposes. Bark and wood contain a significant amount of tannins, so they can be used for tanning leather. The bark contains dyes, and when vitriol is added to it, black dye and good quality ink can be obtained; an alkaline decoction of the bark gives a yellow color.
Tern is a honey plant.
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Blackthorn berries are great for harvesting for future use by drying. Since the turn is considered by many to be a kind of miniature plum, they lend themselves well to drying. This process is relatively simple and fast. The main thing is that the user does not need to constantly monitor the process, it is enough only occasionally to look after and turn over the dried berries. Store cooked berries in a suitable container, such as glass jars or plastic containers, in a dry place. If you need to cook something tasty in the winter, then you should definitely remember about the dried turn, because it will make great drinks and pastries.
dried sloe step by step
In the “dried turn” section you will find a lot of original and very nutritious homemade recipes with step-by-step cooking photos that can be prepared for both a festive and everyday table. The answer to the question: how to cook "dried turn" at home, you will find in the list of our recipes below.
» Plums
Mankind in the process of evolution has learned to benefit from almost everything. The thorn, known from biblical traditions, was no exception, because it was from its thorny branches that the crown for Jesus Christ was woven. Despite the infamous this plant has medicinal properties, and its fruits are used in cooking. Let's take a closer look at this plant, what benefits and harm it can bring to the human body.
The turn is a rather tall shrub growing up to 3.5-4.5 m in height.. Some species are represented as low-growing trees up to 5 m high. Thorny branches are completely covered with sharp thorns.
The plant blooms in April-May, depending on the region of growth. Thorn blossom is very beautiful- at first, white flowers abundantly cover the branches of the shrub, and after a while the leaves open. During flowering, bees collect pollen and nectar, so the plant is classified as a honey plant.
The leaves of the blackthorn reach a length of 5 cm and have an elliptical shape with jagged edges.. The brown-reddish wood of the shrub is used to make various small-diameter carpentry and turning products and is valued for its strength and hardness.
It occurs in the steppe and forest-steppe zones, on the edges of forests and cutting areas, on steep river banks and along roadsides, often forms impenetrable thickets. The roots of thorn bushes strengthen the slopes well and prevent soil erosion., so they are planted along the banks of rivers and in ravines. In landscape design, shrubs are used as hedges.
The range of the plant includes Western Europe, Asia Minor, Iran, Tatarstan, Ukraine, the European part of Russia, the Crimea and the Caucasus, and in the mountains the shrub is found at an altitude of 1200-1600 m above sea level.
Blackthorn fruits are black and blue in color, rounded in shape and about 12 mm in diameter.. The outer part of each fruit is covered with a bluish wax coating, and inside there is one wrinkled bone.
Calorie content and chemical composition
The chemical composition of the turn varies by geographic region, but the basics remain the same. The fruits contain:
- glucose, sucrose and fructose;
- pectin;
- tannins and aromatic substances;
- organic acids;
- vitamins A, C, E, B₁, B₂, PP;
- iron, potassium, calcium, sodium, phosphorus, magnesium, iodine, cobalt, zinc, manganese, chromium;
- essential oil.
The energy value of fresh blackthorn fruits is 49-54 kcal per 100 g.
Tart-acid wild plum berries ripen in July-August, but at this time they are not removed, because they are practically inedible, due to the high content of tannins.
Usually, fruit picking begins after the first frost. In the process of freezing, the chemical composition in the blackthorn fruits changes - the amount of organic acids and tannins decreases, the berries lose their astringency and become tasty.
From one adult bush, thorns collect up to 12-15 kg of fruit., which are distinguished by good keeping quality and transportability.
Useful properties of Terene for the human body
If in many medicinal plants any one part has healing power, then the turn is unique in this respect - not only its berries, but also leaves, roots, flowers, branches and bark are used for medicinal purposes.
fruit fruit
Blackthorn berries are eaten fresh, and also dried or prepared from them jams, jams, pasteurized juices. The fruits of this fruit have a lot of useful properties.:
- normalize microflora and improve intestinal motility, relieve flatulence;
- remove harmful substances from the body and reduce slagging;
- get rid of insomnia, increased irritability, nausea and shortness of breath;
- reduce and normalize the weight of patients. A specially designed diet includes blackthorn berries in the diet, which contribute to the burning of body fat, the normalization of metabolic processes;
- strengthen the walls of blood vessels, lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels in the blood, reduce the risk of developing heart disease;
- improve kidney health and liver in various pathologies;
- strengthen immunity, mobilizes the body's defenses;
- are a prophylactic against the development of prostate adenoma, normalize the work of the prostate;
- strengthen gums;
- reduce painful menstruation.
Flowers and leaves
Blackthorn flowers are harvested during their full bloom, dried in a dark, ventilated room and stored in tightly closed jars (glass or tin) out of the reach of sunlight. They mainly use a decoction or tea from flowers, which have medicinal properties.:
- purify the blood and remove toxins from the body;
- get rid of skin purulent and erysipelatous inflammations help with furunculosis;
- cleanse the liver, normalize bowel function;
- contribute restoration of metabolism;
- have a calming effect for insomnia and neuralgia;
- serve as a diuretic and a diaphoretic.
Healing tea is brewed from thorn flowers: 25 g of flowers are poured into 0.5 liters of boiling water and wrapped in a container with a drink for 10-15 minutes to infuse. Thornflower tea is drunk as usual without a strict dosage, and is also used for external use as lotions.
Decoctions of sloe leaves have the same properties as flower. For their preparation, the leaves are torn off in the middle of summer, after the flowering of the shrub has ended. They are dried and stored in the same way as the flowers, and the prepared decoctions are drunk like ordinary tea.
Roots, shoots and bark
- The roots are dug up in autumn, dried for 2-3 weeks in the open air. and then dried in the oven. Dried roots can be stored in canvas or cotton bags for up to three years.
- Twigs and young shoots are harvested in early summer., dried in the open air and stored for a year.
- The bark is removed from the shrub in early spring until the plant blooms. Drying and storage of the bark is carried out similarly to harvesting the roots.
Decoctions from roots, branches and shoots have antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and diaphoretic properties, so they are taken for colds and flu.
Decoctions from the bark are drunk instead of regular tea- They help cleanse the blood and get rid of skin irritations. In the form diluted with boiled water, decoctions are used for douching with female inflammations.
Contraindications and possible harm to human health
Thorn fruits have no special contraindications for human health. Reduce the consumption of berries for those who are concerned about stomach problems:
- gastritis;
- gastric ulcer in the acute stage;
- increased acidity of the stomach.
People with severe allergies will have to stop using teren although such cases are quite rare.
Fruits cause particular harm to tooth enamel - after eating blackthorn, the teeth are stained in a bluish tint. It looks extremely unaesthetic, and the blue from the teeth is completely washed off only after a few days.
After preparing a decoction of the fruits of the turn, the berries must be removed. With prolonged contact of fruit seeds with water, toxic components are formed in the liquid, which can cause poisoning.
The use of thorn berries not contraindicated in children and pregnant women, and the latter is even useful for toxicosis and bouts of nausea.
Fresh berries can cause indigestion, sweet preserves and jams - an undesirable set of excess body weight, but only if these products are consumed in excess.
Recipes with thorn
The fruits of the blackthorn are used to prepare sweet preparations for the winter (jam, marmalade, jam), as well as all kinds of sauces, seasonings and wine-vodka tinctures and liqueurs.
Jam
The most popular is blackthorn fruit jam. You need to cook a sweet delicacy according to the same principle as from any other berries.:
- Sort and wash 1 kg blackthorn let the water drain.
- Remove pits from berries.
- From 1.5 kg of sugar and 2-3 glasses of water boil syrup.
- After the sugar is completely dissolved in the boiling syrup, add the turn, boil and remove the pan from the heat.
- Cool the jam to room temperature and put it to boil again, bringing to a boil and boiled for 2-3 minutes.
- The third time Boil the jam and cook over low heat until fully cooked. During the cooking process, stir occasionally and remove the foam.
- Cooked hot jam pour into dry sterilized jars and roll up with tin lids. After cooling, remove the jars for storage.
Blackberry juice
To obtain juice, a juicer is used, into which blackthorn fruits with sugar are loaded. (for 1 kg of berries take 100 g of sugar). The juice is poured into jars, then sterilized and rolled up with tin lids. After cooling the jars to room temperature, they are stored in a dark place.
Kvass from blackthorn
To prepare a refreshing drink, you will need 3-4 liters of water, 0.5 kg of blackthorn berries, 0.5-1 cup of any honey and 15-20 g of yeast:
- Grind the washed and pitted fruits to a puree state, add water and boil for 40 minutes.
- Received strain the broth, add yeast and honey to it.
- Leave to ferment for 10-12 hours at room temperature.
- Thereafter bottle and put in the refrigerator.
Simple thorn liqueur
The preparation of a classic turne liqueur takes a lot of time - aging will take 4-6 months. Blackthorn drinkers use a faster recipe. For him, you need to take 1 kg of turn, 200-300 g of sugar and 1 liter of vodka. Instead of vodka, you can use ethyl alcohol, diluting it with water to a strength of 40-45%, as well as inexpensive cognac or purified moonshine:
- Berries sort out, remove rotten and spoiled, wash and pit.
- peeled pulp mix with sugar and put in a glass jar.
- Tie the jar with two-layer gauze and put on sunny window sill.
- Pour vodka after 2-3 days, mix the berries and put the jar in a dark place with room temperature (cupboard or pantry).
- Keep the liquor for 14 days, and shake the jar with the contents daily for the first week.
- In two weeks strain the drink and bottle it. Seal tightly and store away.
Blackthorn liqueur can be stored for up to 5 years, and the strength of the alcoholic beverage is 30-32%.
Conclusion
A thorny thorny shrub with inconspicuous berries, upon closer inspection, turned out to be a useful plant. From it you can prepare alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks, sweet preparations for the winter, seasonings and sauces for various dishes.
Useful for the human body are the fruits of blackthorn and all kinds of decoctions prepared from different parts of the plant. Their use is not limited to certain dosages - healing decoctions are drunk like regular tea. The main condition for maintaining the therapeutic effect of the turn is the observance of the timing of the collection and drying process of raw materials.
Blackthorn is a shrub that has long been known in many countries of the world. Some people associate it with Jesus Christ (it was from this plant that his wreath was made), but most often the blackthorn is famous for its beneficial properties, which allow it to be used as a medicinal raw material. As a result, questions arise as to whether how to dry the turn and what can be cooked from it.
Calorie content and chemical composition of the turn
Before proceeding to a discussion of the beneficial properties of the berries, leaves or flowers of the blackthorn, it is worth talking about its calorie content and chemical composition. There are only 54 kcal per 100 grams of the product, due to which it can be called low-calorie. The turn also contains 1.5 g of protein, 0.3 g of fat and 9.4 g of carbohydrates (per 100 g).
Blackthorn fruits contain glucose, fructose, fiber, malic acid, pectin, tannins, vitamins A (RE), E, C and B2. Among the microelements included in the composition, one cannot fail to note iron, which accounts for 10.6% per 100 grams of the product. It is also worth remembering macronutrients: potassium (9.6% of the required daily intake), calcium (3.2%), magnesium (4.3%). The berries of the plant are also characterized by the content of phosphorus, iron and sodium, which also has a positive effect on the healing properties of the turn.
A large amount of vitamins C and E is found in the leaves of the shrub, where they are harmoniously combined with phenolcarboxylic acids, anthocyanins and flavonoids.
Did you know? In many beliefs and legends, the turn is a symbol of suffering, trials and difficulties that fall on the fate of a person. However, having overcome them, he becomes the owner of many benefits. Given the beneficial properties of the shrub, this is partly true.
Useful and healing properties of thorns
As you can see, blackthorn fruits contain a lot of valuable and useful substances for human health: sugars, organic acids, fiber, etc. Due to this, they have a diuretic (diuretic), astringent, diaphoretic and antiseptic effect. This means that these berries are great for normalizing the digestive system (useful for indigestion, diarrhea), relieving nausea, stopping vomiting, destroying microbes and bacteria.
In addition to the fruits, the leaves of the bush are also often used, from which herbalists brew teas (act as a home diuretic, laxative and healing agent), infusions (bandages soaked in them are applied as compresses to wounds, which significantly reduces the healing time). Together with berries, the leaves of this miraculous plant are excellent for the role of an aid in diseases of the genitourinary system: cystitis, nephritis, urolithiasis. You can use the fruits of the turn and to increase appetite. Simply put, knowing the right recipes, you can safely use any part of the plant for treatment.
The use of thorns for medicinal purposes
Useful properties of berries, leaves, flowers and even thorn rhizomes have been found wide application in non-traditional (folk) medicine. So, the turn copes well with edema, dysentery, candidiasis, vaginitis, nonspecific colitis and general intoxication of the body. In case of food poisoning, the use of blackthorn berries allows you to quickly cleanse the body of toxins and improve the functioning of the digestive tract. A decoction prepared from sloe branches is an excellent helper in the treatment of gout, and also helps to remove uric acid salts from the body.
Antioxidants and flavonoids, which are part of the berries, reduce capillary permeability and improve blood circulation, promoting blood clotting. Knowing how useful the turn is, and wanting to test its beneficial properties on your own experience, the following recipes for making teas, decoctions or infusions will come in handy.
Important! The seeds of the fruits of the plant contain a toxic glycoside - amygdalin, which splits off hydrocyanic acid, so you should immediately get rid of them.
Blackthorn flower and leaf tea
Blackthorn flower and leaf tea used for cystitis, chronic constipation and prostate adenoma. In addition, it has a pleasant taste and aroma, thanks to which this drink can be drunk daily as a general tonic.
It is not difficult to prepare such tea: the dried leaves and flowers of the blackthorn are mixed, and then two full teaspoons of the raw material (with top) are poured into ¼ l of water, after which the resulting composition should be slowly brought to a boil and filtered. Tea is consumed daily, but no more than two cups a day.
Blackthorn juice
Useful not only dried turn, but also juice from fresh berries. In particular, it helps to get rid of jaundice, and also acts as an antibacterial agent, having a negative effect on Giardia and other protozoa. It is also effective for skin diseases, in the treatment of which appropriate compresses will help.
To prepare juice, the pulp of the fruits of the shrub is separated from the stone, heated to 60-70 ° C and kneaded into a pulp. The juice squeezed out of it can be consumed immediately or rolled into jars.
Infusion of thorn flowers
An infusion made from thorn flowers has a positive effect on metabolism, and also normalizes liver function. In fact, it is prepared in the same way as tea: 40 g of dried flowers are poured into a glass of boiling water and left to infuse for 40 minutes, after which they are filtered and drunk 150 ml three times a day. This recipe is also suitable in cases where you need to get an effective laxative from shrub flowers. In addition, if there are problems with the liver, kidneys, bladder and for colds, the following infusion will be useful: 40 g of blackthorn flowers are poured into a glass of warm boiled water and filtered after infusion for 10 hours. Take the remedy before meals four times a day for ¼ cup.
Prepare an infusion using sloe leaves, very simple: for one glass of hot water there is one tablespoon of crushed leaves of the plant, after which the resulting composition must be boiled over medium heat for 15 minutes. After the liquid has cooled, it is filtered and squeezed. Ready infusion is taken in ½ part of a glass (you can also take a full glass) three times a day before meals. This remedy has good diuretic properties, so it is recommended to use it for edema, diseases of the kidneys and organs of the genitourinary system.
The leaves of the blackthorn are also often used to heal wounds and ulcers, in the treatment of which the fresh parts of the bush are simply applied to sore spots, and the dried parts are steamed in boiling water and compresses are made from them.
Blackthorn tincture
For the preparation of tincture from the blackthorn, its berries are also suitable. Pre-harvested fruits of the shrub (it is advisable not to wash them, but simply select good and intact ones) are poured into a jar and poured with vodka, moreover, so that the berries are covered 5 cm above their level. The tincture needs constant monitoring, and as the vodka is absorbed, it must be topped up. After three months, the liquid is drained, and sugar is added to the berries (10 kg of fruit will need 1.5 kg of sugar). After that, the fruits must be kept for another month (until the syrup is formed), and then filtered and mixed with the liquid that was separated at the very beginning. Within six months you will feel just an incredible aroma of tincture.
Decoction of berries
Incredibly useful and general tonic is decoction of blackthorn berries, for the preparation of which you will need to pour 1 tablespoon of fresh or dried raw materials with a glass of boiling water, leaving it to infuse for 1 hour. Take liquid on an empty stomach (in the morning) for 4 days. A decoction of blackthorn berries can be used to increase appetite, as well as a diuretic, astringent and antiseptic.
Decoction of bark and roots
The roots and bark of the blackthorn, as well as the rest of the shrub, have a number of medicinal properties. Therefore, it is not surprising that various decoctions of them are often used in folk medicine. The roots have been harvested since autumn, for which these parts are first dug up and left for a short time in the sun. At the second stage, the raw materials prepared in this way should be placed in a special dryer or in a conventional oven for further drying (in the end, the roots should break easily without changing their color much).
There are several ways to prepare a decoction of the bark and roots of blackthorn. When using the first option, 20 parts of water fall on one part of the dried roots and bark. The resulting mixture is brought to a boil and left to languish in a water bath for 20 minutes. The finished product is cooled and taken 1-2 tablespoons 4-5 times a day. Such a decoction is excellent for the role of antipyretic and diaphoretic.
For the second method, 5 g of crushed root or bark is brewed in 200 ml of boiling water, then placed in a water bath and boiled for 30 minutes, and then allowed to brew for another hour. Ready cooled and filtered broth should be taken three times a day for 1/3 cup (after meals).
If desired, you can prepare a decoction only from the bark. To do this, pour 1 teaspoon of dry chopped raw materials with a glass of boiling water and simmer for 15 minutes over low heat. The finished product can be used instead of tea. For douching, one glass of decoction should be diluted with boiled water in a 1: 1 ratio.
Thorn root decoction can be used for diarrhea and during respiratory diseases, and it also improves the general condition of the patient with malaria.
Decoction of young shoots and branches
Another good diaphoretic is a decoction of finely chopped, pre-dried sloe branches(in its action, such a remedy is not inferior to raspberries and has an antipyretic effect). To prepare such a decoction, pour 1 teaspoon of raw materials with a glass of boiling water and leave to simmer over low heat for 15 minutes. You need to use the product in a warm form, but there are no requirements for dosage.
Methods for harvesting and storing raw materials from sloes
Whatever you decide to cook from berries or sloe leaves, in any case, they must first be sorted out and washed. If you picked the fruits yourself, you can simply rinse them, while the purchased berries are washed more thoroughly, changing the water several times.
Flowers are being prepared during their budding period, and the leaves immediately after flowering. Young shoots are to be collected and harvested in May or June. At this time, they can be well dried in the fresh air, in the wind or in the shade, and also placed in a ventilated room. The bark can be removed from the tree before it blooms, and the roots are best dug up in the fall. In the future, having slightly dried them in the sun, you can dry them in ovens.
The fruits of the blackthorn can be harvested as they ripen, but it is better after the first frost. They are well suited for making compotes (you can roll them up in jars for the winter), wines, tinctures, syrups, marmalades and even pickles. Any product will have an attractive color, pleasant smell and original sweet and sour taste.
Freezing can also be used to preserve fruits, however, in this case, do not forget that Before packing the berries, the seeds must be removed from them.
- Pre-treatment is recommended for fruits that quickly oxidize (apricots, apples, peaches, berries, etc.): they should be heated to 100 ° C, then cooled, and after that they should be mashed.
- Place a solid tray on a sieve, lightly grease it with vegetable oil so that the finished marshmallow does not stick to the tray.
- Distribute the pre-prepared mass evenly over the pallet, while making the layer in the middle thinner than along the edges. .
- No more than 2 cups of puree should be used per pallet.
- You can check the readiness by stickiness in the center: the finished one practically does not stick.
- Remove the marshmallow while still warm, then roll it into a tube, cool, wrap with cling film and place in an airtight container. Marshmallow will keep much longer in the refrigerator.
Temperature - 60°C
Time - 12-14 hours
Pasta is a great appetizer. It can be reconstituted by diluting with water or juice and used as a sauce or puree. It is easy to make a wonderful dessert for children from marshmallow - as a layer in biscuits or filling for pies. To make jam without sugar, three parts of marshmallow must be poured with one part of boiling water. Marshmallow is prepared from fruit or vegetable puree or grated fruit, but then the layer turns out to be thick. Previously, at your own discretion, the workpiece can be boiled and sweetened with sugar or honey.
