Metal tile is a material that is used for roofing along with such popular materials as slate, shingles and galvanized sheet. Excellent technical characteristics make it an excellent option for any home. And although they usually prefer to invite professionals to carry out this kind of work, we will consider how to independently install metal tiles: step-by-step instructions and some recommendations from specialists.
A roof made of tiles, especially if it is made of metal, is one of the best options for decorating a house. Experts and users themselves note many positive aspects of using this material, including:
- low weight (4-6 kg / m²), which provides a very small load on the roof;
Differs in the democratic price, long term of operation and expressive appearance
- simple installation procedure and ease of repair work;
- a wide range of colors;
- the material is environmentally friendly and does not contain any harmful components;
- the coating is equipped with stiffeners, which makes it very durable. Provided that all installation recommendations are followed, the surface is able to withstand a load of 200 kg / m², even if sheets with a thickness of 0.5 mm were used;
- The material is extremely temperature resistant. He is not afraid of any drops, and the thermal expansion index is minimal.
There is practically no need to talk about the shortcomings of metal tiles, with the exception, perhaps, of an increased noise level on days when it rains. But even with this it is quite possible to cope if you first lay a layer of glass wool.
Criteria for choosing a material for a metal roof: photo examples
Before starting to consider the process of installing this roofing material, it is necessary to decide how exactly the material should be used.
Viewing photos of roofs, on which metal tiles look attractive, is far from the best method in this case, since in the selection process you need to pay attention to the list of additional elements, as well as the markings provided by the manufacturer. Consider what the buyer needs to know.
First of all, you need to pay attention to the presence in the price list of such additional elements as:
- various types of skates: simple, figured and with aerators;
- special passage units for the installation of pipes, hatches, ventilation, antennas, as well as lighting windows;
- elements designed to ensure the safety of surface maintenance - navigation bridges, stairs, snow retainers;
- internal and external valleys;
- other necessary elements are wall profiles, gables, metal tile cornice strips, the installation of which is an indispensable part of the roof arrangement.
Important! The presence of all the listed elements among the seller's offers is an indicator of the level of the company that produces metal tiles, which may also indicate the quality of the products themselves.
In addition, it is worth paying attention to the study of the marking, which must be present on each certified material. Usually, the production indicates all the characteristics of the material itself, as well as the quality level of the anti-corrosion coating that is applied over the sheet.
So, here is what information can be gleaned by reading the information provided on the back of the metal tile sheet:
- the presence of polymers;
- how much zinc per 1 m² sheet;
- date of production and the period of the warranty period for the use of the material;
- manufacturer's name;
- sheet thickness.
In the process of visual inspection, you need to pay attention to the integrity of the protective layer, both from the front and from the wrong side of the sheet, as well as the presence of all mandatory markings.
Important! If we are talking about a material purchased from a major manufacturer, then the marking will also contain information about the grade of steel used.
Installation of metal tiles: step-by-step instructions for independent work
Considering the fact that the price of installing a metal tile has never been low, many people prefer to try to do everything themselves. Although initially it is worth familiarizing yourself with how much professional installation of metal tiles costs. The price of work per m2 starts from 250 rubles and may increase depending on the complexity.
The process of installing a metal roof, the technology of which will be discussed below, consists of several stages, each of which has its own significance and must be carried out properly.
Laying metal tiles: preparatory stage and calculations
The first thing to do if it was decided to independently carry out the procedure for laying metal tiles on the roof surface is to carry out preliminary calculations. This is necessary in order to determine how much of what materials will be required and, accordingly, to avoid unnecessary costs.
To begin with, we will clarify some basic concepts so that in the future the question of how exactly the roof of a metal tile is arranged does not arise. If you look at the roof, which has already been covered with this material, you can see that it consists of rows that run across the slope and waves. The distance from one row to another is called a step.
There is such a thing as a "model". This name means sheets of metal tiles, the pitch of which is 35 cm, and the number of waves is 6. On sale you can find sheets of modules 1, 3, 6 and 10.
Useful advice! In addition to the purchase of sheets of standard sizes, you can consider the option of individual production of metal tiles to order. Of course, it will cost much more, but in this way you can get exactly the material that is right for you. The main thing to remember is that the length of one sheet should not be less than 45 cm or more than 7 m.
In the process of choosing the appropriate sheet size, you need to focus on the fact that after installation, the joints and waves converge in such a way as to form a single coating along the entire length of the slope. At the same time, it is quite simple to calculate the amount of material, taking into account the length of the roof and sheets.
When purchasing a metal tile, it is important to pay attention to some additional elements that are included in the kit and allow for proper installation. This includes steel strips 2 m long, as well as steel sheets 200x125 cm, which should have the same color as the tiles.
In the process of acquiring metal tiles, you need to make sure that these auxiliary elements are available in sufficient quantity and meet all requirements. For example, the standard bar inclination level is 30 degrees. Although other options are possible at the request of buyers - from 11 to 70 degrees.
Important! 11 degrees is the minimum slope at which the installation of a metal tile is acceptable.
Do-it-yourself materials and tools for laying metal tiles
In order to carry out the installation of metal tiles with your own hands, you need to take care of the availability of some tools and materials that will allow you to carry out all the work as simply and efficiently as possible:
- screwdriver;
- electric drill;
- scissors for cutting metal;
- yardstick;
- a hammer;
- marker;
- mounting tape.
It is also worth taking care of the presence of a ladder and means intended for individual protection of the face and hands (glasses, gloves).
As for the consumables that will be required to prepare the base and fasten the metal tile, this list includes: waterproofing material, roofing strips, tiles, as well as an aero roller, strips for the ridge and ends, a guide board and boards 2.5x10 cm. itself, you will also need fasteners - self-tapping screws and special sealing washers for them.
Useful advice! To give an attractive appearance to the coating, it is worth using decorative overlays.
How to fix a metal tile: stages of preparatory work
The light weight of the metal tile allows for a minimum amount of preparatory work before proceeding to laying. And yet, you still have to prepare a suitable foundation. Since there is no need for a reinforced base, an ordinary wooden one made of slats is quite suitable.
The procedure is extremely simple - based on the step of the selected metal tile, slats are located on the surface. It is important to observe a single distance so that in the process of fixing the roofing material it is not necessary to screw the screws into the void. Another important factor to consider when installing the batten is the location of the windows. It is highly undesirable to place the rafters directly above the windows.
Related article:
Thermal insulation during the installation of a metal roof
When it comes to the construction of a roof made of metal, the heat-insulating material is designed to solve two problems at once - to reduce heat loss, and also to reduce the noise level that raindrops produce when they hit the surface. To do this, vapor barrier material is first laid on the rafters, and then a layer of thermal insulation. At the same time, it is important that the layer thickness does not exceed 25 cm. An antioxidant film is attached from above, fixing it with wooden bars directly to the rafters.
Important! In order to ensure that precipitation flows into the drain, the material must be fixed with a small allowance (about 2 cm). Due to such a small sag, there will be no problems with water runoff..
Such a “pie” is the most effective roofing thermal insulation system, which is allowed by the metal tile installation technology. As for the choice of thermal insulation material, there are several options that depend on cost, quality and manufacturer.
Roofing made of metal tiles: basic rules of work
Before you start work related directly to the laying of metal tiles, you need to familiarize yourself with some rules and concepts that will help you avoid common mistakes and do everything you need as efficiently as possible:
- There are two ways of laying sheets of metal tiles: from right to left and from left to right. In the first case, each next sheet must overlap the previous one, and in the second, the previous sheet must overlap.
- Do not immediately fasten each sheet fully. Before screwing the metal tile, it is best to lay four sheets and lightly grab them with fasteners so that they hold. Then you need to make sure that they are located as needed and trim if necessary. For final fixing, one self-tapping screw is used, which passes through all the sheets.
- The service life of the entire roof is highly dependent on the quality of the fasteners used. Therefore, the choice of self-tapping screws must be given due attention. It is important that they are galvanized and must have special seals on the heads that can hermetically fill the holes when the self-tapping screw is completely screwed into the hole.
- In those places where several sheets were fixed at once with the help of one fastener, one way or another, a seal will appear. In order to smooth it out, it is necessary to cut off part of the corner, or you can straighten the capillary ditch, which is located under the stamping line.
Scheme of fastening metal tiles and other necessary elements
Certain rules exist for the installation of other mandatory elements, without which no roof can do. Here are some recommendations regarding the installation scheme of metal tiles and other elements:
- the end strips must be fixed with an overlap, which should be about 2 cm. In this case, the size of the wave must be adjusted in accordance with the width of the slope. Otherwise, you may encounter the fact that the comb will fit on the pediment;
- for the cornice strip, it is also necessary to have an overlap of 10 cm on the lower bar of the crate, to which it is attached with nails;
- between the sheet of metal and the roofing strip, it is imperative to lay an additional layer of sealing material;
- for the arrangement of all elements located below the ridge (pipes and windows), sheets with one module are used. Usually 2 pieces are required for each structural element;
- if the roof slope is sloping, then it is necessary to additionally install an aero roller between the ridge bar and the material itself. This will avoid the penetration of atmospheric precipitation under the ridge;
- the fixation of the ridge should be made to the slats, which are located in the end part of the entire structure. In this case, the calculations should be carried out taking into account the required protrusion, which is 2-3 cm. Moreover, if you have to deal with a flat ridge, then the fastening is done with an overlap, and for semicircular elements according to the profile lines;
- it is necessary to study in advance the specifics of installing a dropper under a metal tile, and clearly follow all the instructions.
Useful advice! If you have to work with a roof whose slope angle is more than 45 degrees, then it is worthwhile to carry out calculations in advance that will determine whether it is possible to install a specific model of a ridge bar in this case. This must be done, because otherwise, it may even be necessary to completely replace the entire roofing.
It is also worth paying attention to the fact that, if necessary, the ridge bar can be adjusted to some extent. That is, it can not be bent or unbent to ensure the most accurate repetition of the angle of the roof. You can learn more about such subtleties from the video instructions for installing metal tiles.
Installation of a valley with a roof with a metal tile
Another extremely important element, the installation rules of which cannot be neglected, is the valley. For each such element, an additional board is necessarily attached. Fastening in this case must be started from the bottom, gradually moving up and not forgetting the need for overlap (in this case, 25-30 cm). Below the level of the cornice, the bottom bar must be cut off. This is followed by a flanging, under which, as well as under the ridge, a seal is laid.
There is a gap between the sheets and the axis, about 8-10 cm in size. Then, at a distance of about 1.5 cm from the stamping line, screws are screwed into the cut sheets. In this case, the mount should be located 25 cm from the axis of the valley. If you follow this technology, then as a result, the sheet, at the place of fastening, will converge with the board on which the valley is located.
As for the installation of the valley below, it must be started before laying the roofing material. This is important in order to further ensure that water flows directly into the additional element.
Important! All errors in the process of carrying out calculations and measurements can lead to the appearance of gaps on the surface, and when heavy precipitation begins, most likely the roof will leak.
In order to cover those places where cut sheets are visible, special decorative overlays are used. When installing them, you also need to remember a few simple rules:
- installation must be done from the bottom up;
- a sealant between the lining and the tiles is not needed;
- linings must be overlapped at least 10 cm;
- fasteners (in this case, self-tapping screws) should not provoke damage to the valley.
Very often one has to deal with situations where the beginning and end of the valleys are located directly on the roof slope. As an example, consider the case when a skylight is being installed. In such a situation, it is imperative to put a separate board, and for the window itself, a hole is made in the sheet of metal. At the same time, the cornice cut is covered with a plank. And along the walls must be laid sealing material.
How to lay metal tiles on a roof with a triangular or trapezoidal slope
If there is a need to cover a triangular or trapezoidal roof with a metal tile, then the installation of two additional bars will definitely be required. They are installed along the fold line of the roof on both sides of the "ridge". After that, the cornice board is mounted and the assembly of the crate begins. The step of the crate for metal tiles in this case is calculated in the same way as with the standard scheme. Then the cornice system is installed. They begin to lay the metal tile only after all these procedures have been carried out, orienting and leveling the first sheet along the eaves bar.
Important! The distance between the corner sheets that were trimmed and installed near the "ridge" should not exceed 10 cm.
In order to install the ridge nodes, you need to align the ridge bars relative to the angle of the "ridge". In the case of using a straight ridge, it must be cut according to the available angles, and special plugs are provided for a semicircular ridge. Moreover, it is best to use plastic models.
The ridge bar should be located strictly along the axis of the "ridge". This is not too difficult a task if the slope angles are the same. If they have different values, then the task becomes much more complicated. As an auxiliary material, a bright mounting foam is used, which allows you to determine the quality of the junction with the slopes.
Installation instructions for metal tiles "Monterrey"
A separate type of metal tile, undoubtedly worthy of attention is Monterrey. This option is very popular due to some exceptional characteristics:
- extremely high level of resistance of the material both to ultraviolet radiation and to other external factors, such as moisture and temperature;
- due to the polymer layer applied to the surface of the tile, it does not lose its appearance throughout the entire service life;
- the material is extremely strong and hard, so that it can withstand severe loads;
- multilayer structure prevents corrosion;
- due to the low weight (one square meter of material weighs no more than 5 kg), the load on the truss system is significantly reduced;
- using this option is a great savings, as there is no need to take a big step between the fasteners. Initially, the Monterrey metal tile installation instructions provide for 35-centimeter steps.
This material has only two drawbacks - a large number of residues after laying, as well as the need for high-quality sound insulation.
As for the features that you need to know about before laying the Montreuil metal tile, the following aspects play a role here:
- for different models of this material, it is necessary to prepare a different crate. So, for a Standard or Super metal tile, a step of 35 cm will be enough, but for a Suite or Maxi, a step should be 40 cm;
- in the most difficult places of the roof (usually these are the inner corners, as well as the place where the chimney outlet is located), you need to make a continuous crate;
- on the junction slats, to exit the chimney, internal aprons must be installed;
- installation instructions for Monterrey metal tiles do not provide for the use of material whose length is more than 4 m;
- before installing the material, it is necessary to remove the protective coating, since it may not be possible to do this in the future.
It is categorically impossible to cut the sheet in the transverse direction, as this may lead to the fact that the profile will collapse. Also, in no case should a grinder or other tools with abrasive wheels be used for this purpose.
Interesting! The Cascade metal tile also looks great, the installation instructions for which are not too different from all the others. But on the other hand, the appearance of such a roof is considered more aesthetic and original.
How to properly care for a roof covering with a metal tile
Having studied the step-by-step instructions for installing metal siding, you can carry out its high-quality installation. But in order for the material to serve for many years, you need to know how to care for it.
The top layer of the metal tile is a polymeric material that is designed to protect against corrosive processes. But as a result of constant exposure to external factors: atmospheric precipitation, ultraviolet rays, as well as dust and dirt, this layer may begin to collapse, which will lead to the need to replace the coating. In order to avoid this phenomenon and extend the operational life of the roof, it is necessary to regularly carry out the following procedures:
- remove dirt, dust and dry leaves from the surface using a damp fluffy brush;
- if we are talking about the elimination of more complex contaminants, then it is permissible to use cleaning products, but only those designed for polymer surfaces. It is strictly forbidden to use aggressive chemicals, as they destroy the protective layer and render the material unusable;
- cleaning of drains is carried out with the help of a jet of water, which should be directed from the ridge to the cornices;
- it is possible and necessary to clear the snow, but this should be done only with the use of tools that are not capable of damaging the delicate coating.
Subject to these simple, but extremely important rules, a metal tile coating can serve as a roofing material for about 50 years.
Common mistakes in the process of installing a metal roof with your own hands
Inexperienced craftsmen often make mistakes that can lead to the fact that the work will have to be partially, and sometimes completely, redone. Such negligence can lead to additional costs for the purchase of material and consumables, so it is better to familiarize yourself with common mistakes in advance in order to prevent them:
- installation of metal tiles should be carried out exclusively in shoes with soft soles that cannot damage or scratch the coating;
- it is strictly forbidden to step on the crest of the wave, as this can cause deformation;
- moreover, it is generally not recommended to step on the sheets with a full foot;
- when moving on the surface of the material, the leg should be placed parallel, and not perpendicular to the slope;
- You can take the material only with gloves.
Taking into account these simple rules, as well as acting in accordance with the technology of laying metal tiles, you can independently make a beautiful and reliable roof.
Installation of snow retainers on metal tiles: instructions and their varieties
A high level of safety is one of the main requirements that apply to a roof made of any material, including metal tiles. For this purpose, special designs are used, which are called snow retainers. And the main goal is to ensure the safe removal of snow from the roof and prevent possible dangerous situations. In addition, they contribute to the preservation of the original shape of the structure, and do not allow it to deform under the weight of icy snow. And given that its mass in some cases may exceed the weight of the roof itself, this problem is quite relevant.
Important! The issue of distributing the load that snow exerts on the roof surface should be thought out even at the stage of laying the foundation. This factor must be taken into account in the calculations.
It is almost impossible to predict exactly how snow will be distributed on the roof surface. It depends on many factors, including the angle of the roof, wind direction, etc. Therefore, in order to make calculations, a special formula is used:
Q = G×s
In this case, Q is the load exerted by the snow, G is the mass of snow on the flat surface of the roof, which can be found in a special table, and S is the correction factor, which depends on the angle of the roof: > 25° - 1, if 25- 60° - 0.7. If the degree of inclination is greater than 60, then this is not taken into account, since in this case precipitation on the surface will definitely not linger.
In order to determine the G index, it is necessary to refer to a special table that provides information on snow cover for each region of the country.
Installation of tubular snow retainers on metal tiles: installation rules
As a rule, a pipe is used as the basis for snow retainers, which is laid along the roof. In the case of using metal tiles as a roofing material, fixing is carried out in places where the roof and the load-bearing wall are connected.
It is strictly forbidden to fix these elements on the cornice strip for metal tiles, as this can lead to the destruction of the entire system. Moreover, if you have to deal with a ramp, the length of which is large enough, then the installation of snow retainers on the metal tile must be done in several rows at once to ensure a more reliable fixation.
The tubes themselves are mounted on the roof either end-to-end or in a checkerboard pattern. Special attention should be paid to the installation of such a system in the event that the house has an attic. In this case, the installation must be carried out in such a way that a snow retainer is located above each window opening. As for the distance from the edge of the roof to the elements, 40-50 cm is quite enough.
Lattice snow guards for metal roofing: how to fix it correctly
Lattice snow retainers are considered the most effective, so those users who are interested in the quality of the installed systems choose this option mainly. There are two types of such structures - ordinary and "royal", although it is worth recognizing that there is not much difference between them, with the exception of the supports and the complexity of the gratings.
The high level of efficiency and safety of this type of snow retainers is due to their considerable height, due to which they may not be useful not only in winter, when it comes to keeping snow, but also in summer. After all, it is in the warm season that most often all kinds of repair work are carried out.
Corner snow guards for metal roofing
Corner snow guards are thin steel sheets that are coated with a polymer coating that protects them from corrosion. This is one of the most budget options, which at the same time effectively prevents snow from rolling off the roof. It is very easy to choose a model that will fit the existing metal tile, since the range of colors is extremely large.
To fix the corner snow retainers on the roof of the roof with metal tiles, self-tapping screws and ordinary metal corners are used. Fastening is made on the upper wave of the sheet.
These are not all design options that can be used to prevent snow from rolling off the roof. The metal tile is perfectly combined with many models and varieties of these elements, so there will definitely not be any problems with the choice and fixation.
Installation of a roof window in a metal tile
It is believed that the installation of skylights is not a task for beginners, and this issue is best addressed to specialists who have proper experience in this field. But this does not mean at all that it is unrealistic to do it yourself, especially if you use step-by-step instructions for dummies. The installation of metal tiles and the installation of the window itself in this case may well pass without any problems.
First of all, you should pay attention to the fact that the maximum possible width of such a window should be 80-120 mm less than the opening between the rafters. In cases where the rafter pitch is very small, two small windows are installed in adjacent niches.
The installation of the window is carried out after the roofing “pie” is completely made, then you need to install the mounting beam, for which I use the same boards as for the rafter system. Then the frame is installed and the sashes are mounted. It is very important to take care of high-quality waterproofing so that in the future the window does not become a source of precipitation penetration into the house.
Of course, you have to make some changes to the process of installing the crate under the metal tile, and pay special attention to the installation of the ridge of the metal tile if a roof window is planned. But all these difficulties are more than justified by the excellent result that awaits the owners as a result.
Installation of metal tiles: video instruction for beginners
For those who have never done such work before, it will be extremely useful to watch a video on how to fix a metal tile on a roof. A visual demonstration, as well as recommendations from experts, will allow you to avoid mistakes and make a beautiful and reliable roof on your own, which will serve you well for many years.
Metal tiles are produced on high-tech equipment from galvanized steel sheets. Sheets are coated with a primer, and then with a polymer coating. The polymer coating plays an important role in the characteristics of the metal tile - it is the texture, color, resistance to corrosion and weathering. The strength and rigidity of the metal tile is provided by the profiling method.
The main advantages of installing metal tiles:
- durability, reliability, resistance to temperature extremes
- long service life
- Light weight, easy to transport and install
- environmentally friendly building material
- fire safety
A variety of color shades and a three-dimensional pattern give the metal tile an aesthetic appearance.
Metal roofing device
The truss system is the supporting structure of the roof. After the installation of this structure, the installation of the metal tile begins.
The device of the roof of the house from a metal tile.
Do-it-yourself metal tile installation instructions
How to cover a roof with a metal tile? You need to start with calculations.
Calculation of metal tiles on the roof
First of all, you need to do roof measurement using a long tape measure. Complex roof structures are broken down into individual sections and measured. The accuracy of calculating the required roofing material depends on the number of dimensions taken.
Further, each measured size must be divided by the width of the roofing sheet. It should be remembered that the metal tile is laid in an overlap. Therefore, only the useful width of the roofing sheet is taken into account.
Cutting metal tiles
For cutting sheets of metal tiles must be placed on a flat, reliable base. Scissors suitable for cutting metal tiles:
- cutting metal shears
- cutting electric shears
- scissors for metal lever.
In order to avoid the occurrence of corrosion, the places of cuts after cutting the metal tile must be treated with repair enamel.
Rules for fixing metal tiles
How to fix a metal tile? When installing the roof of a roof made of metal, apply special roofing screws up to 28 mm long. The self-tapping screw for a metal tile has a sealing washer and a hex head. A prerequisite for choosing self-tapping screws should be the color and service life exactly the same as that of the roofing.
Self-tapping screws are screwed in with a screwdriver. A very important step is to catch the torque of the screwdriver. With insufficient screwing, the sealing washer of the self-tapping screw will not create a certain degree of sealing. If the self-tapping screw is excessively screwed in, the sealing washer is deformed, which threatens to weaken the fastening.
self-tapping screw must be attached to the bottom of the wave metal tiles. The rigidity of the upper part of the wave is not enough for a tight fit of the self-tapping screw with the sealing washer. At the top of the wave of the metal tile there is no junction area to the truss structure. In this place, the self-tapping screw will simply crush the roofing sheet.
For one square meter of metal tiles, it is necessary to screw in 6-8 self-tapping screws. Roofing sheets are fastened together with shorter self-tapping screws.
Video instructions for installing metal tiles with your own hands will help you cover the roof.
Another detailed video on laying a metal roof with your own hands.
Valley installation
Functions of the valley when installing a roof made of metal:
- protection of the joints of two slopes from atmospheric precipitation
- reduction of rain and snow loads on roofing
- improvement of the external aesthetic appearance of the roof.
The valley closes the space between the two roof joints. Distinguish between lower and upper valleys.
The lower valley is installed before the installation of the metal tile. Protects the under-roof space from moisture ingress.
The upper valley is attached over the sheets of metal. It serves mainly as a decorative element and gives the roof an aesthetic appearance. When fixing the upper valley with self-tapping screws, it is necessary to check that the middle of the lower valley is not damaged.
Valleys made of galvanized steel will extend the life of the roof.
Installation of a ridge on a metal roof for ventilation
Warm air from the interior of the house rises. This contributes to the formation of moisture under the roof. To avoid such troubles, it is necessary to install the board on the ridge run. The board serves as a separator between the two halves of the roof. This is necessary so that the roof always gives off ventilation air from one side only. This function is performed ridge for metal roofing.
With the help of a ridge and a ridge board, the roof is designed so that each ventilation area discharges air into a separate channel.
Do-it-yourself installation of metal tiles must be carried out, observing all the above rules. Then for a long time it will not be necessary to repair and replace the roofing made of metal tiles.
One of the important stages in the construction of a house is the installation of a roof and roofing (roofing). One of the most popular roofing materials is metal roofing. And it is not surprising, because among its advantages one can single out low weight, ease of installation, large color gamut, strength.
Of course, there are also disadvantages - this is low rigidity, which makes it problematic to move along the roof, and a significant waste of material when laying on slopes with complex geometry, poor sound insulation, and heating. All of them can be eliminated, for example, the susceptibility of metal to corrosion can be reduced if the installation of metal tiles is correctly performed.
Metal roofing device
The manufacturer has already taken care of the protection of the metal tile by creating a multi-layer structure of the roofing (see picture).
As you can see, the presence of several layers of protective coating allows us to assert that the tile is made of high-quality material. Therefore, in order for the roof under such a coating to serve for a long time, it is necessary to adhere to the technology of installing metal tiles.
Basics of choice - metal tile parameters:
- The thickness of the metal tile. The metal tile is made of sheet steel. The thickness of the metal tile sheet is 0.5-0.7 mm, this is noted in SNiP II-26-76 "Roofs".
Advice. The thickness of the metal within one sheet may vary. Allowable change +/- 5%.
Please note that low-quality metal bends with strong pressure.
- The thickness of the zinc layer of the metal tile. This parameter cannot be visually tracked. Therefore, read the passport for the coil of metal from which the sheets are rolled. According to the standard, the thickness of the protective coating should be 275 gr./sq.m. If this requirement is not met, it may lead to the result shown in the photo.
- The thickness of the metal tile coating depends on the type (kind) of the coating.
- Leaf geometry. Here it is important to pay attention to the fact that the sheets are not only cut evenly, but also do not have bends along the covering side.
The tight fit of the edges is shown in the photo.
With poor geometry, the result will be noticeable visually. At best, the junction will be ugly. At worst, water will flow under the sheet. And do not even hope to tighten such an edge with self-tapping screws.
- Metal tile color. Plays a big role in the case of gradual development. That is, when you need to select a shade. In principle, there are two color coding systems, and knowing your color, you can choose the appropriate one.
Types of metal tile coatings
- PE (polyester) is applied with a thickness of 20-25 microns. Its disadvantage is fast, but uniform burnout. And also that the snow does not linger on the smooth surface of the sheet.
- PEMA (matte polyester). Its layer is 35 µm. It is more resistant to fading and mechanical damage. The rough surface prevents the snow from sliding down quickly. In principle, matte finishes virtually eliminate the need for snow guards.
- PU (pural) and PUMA (Pural matt - matte pural). Coating thickness 50 µm. Such a coating can be used in regions with an aggressive environment.
- PVC (Plastizol). In a metal tile with such a coating, the most protected core of the metal, since the layer is from 100 to 200 microns.
Nuance. The tone will be different. The rate of color fading depends on the coating of the metal.
Calculation of metal tiles on the roof
Let's illustrate an example of calculating a metal tile for a gable roof with a slope size of 8 by 5.
The calculation of the number of sheets of metal tiles required to cover the slope of a rectangular shape is calculated as follows - the length of the slope along the ridge divided by the width of the sheet.
Nuance. When calculating, rely on the working width. That is, taking into account overlaps. Sheet dimensions for Monterey metal tiles are shown in the photo.
For example, the length of the slope is 8 m.p. Then you need 7.27 sheets to work. Round up to the nearest integer - 8 sheets. For two slopes - 15 sheets. Since one sheet is divided in half and used on the second slope.
Nuance. In this case, you will need to start work from half a sheet.
For the convenience of calculating more complex slope configurations, you can use the constructor (calculator).
You can make drawings of roof slopes and draw a scheme for laying metal tiles, i.e. sheet arrangement.
Nuance. The more complex the ramp configuration, the more material will be wasted.
The length of one sheet of metal tiles is determined by the height of the slope plus the cornice overhang (about 5 cm). It should be noted that the longer the sheet, the less material will go to overlap. But, it is difficult to work with a long sheet, and transporting large metal sheets is costly. Therefore, a sheet longer than 6 rpm is advised to be broken into parts. To do this correctly, you need to adjust the resulting length by the amount of overlap. The overlap must be at least 0.15 m for slopes with an inclination angle of more than 25 ° and 0.2 m for smaller angles. For our example. 5 m.p. divide in half - we need 1 sheet 2.5 m long, and the second 2.65.
At the same time, the manufacturing technology of metal tiles is such that there are unfeasible dimensions. Each manufacturer has their own and depends on the equipment used.
Then for the entire roof you need to buy 15 sheets of 2.5 m each and 15 sheets of 2.65 m each.
Calculation of the number of additional elements for metal tiles.
The components include - a ridge bar, end and eaves straps, a snow retainer, internal and external valleys.
It is easy to calculate the additional elements - the total length of the surface to be closed is divided by 1.9 m.p. - (2 r.m. standard bar length, minus an overlap of 0.1 m). For the lower valley divided by 1.7. The overlap is 0.3 m.
For our gable roof, 5 ridge strips are needed (the length of the slope along the ridge is 8 mp); 9 cornice strips ((8 + 8) / 1.9); 11 end. Due to the construction of the roof, we do not need a valley.
Special planks. These are made-to-order, according to your size additional elements.
Self-tapping screws. Their consumption is 7-8 pcs. per sq.m. metal tiles and 3 pcs. by 1 r.m. additional element. Self-tapping screws should be with a drill, this will simplify installation, and preferably painted in the color of the sheet. This will give the finish a more finished look.
We need 768 pcs. on sheets and 3x(5+9+11) = 834 pcs. They are usually sold in packs of 250. Naturally, it is better to take with a margin.
Sealing tape for metal tiles. It is recommended to install it under the ridge bar.
Film - equal to the total area of \u200b\u200bthe slopes minus the overlap tolerances. For example, a roll of film typically measures 1.5 by 50 rpm. = 75 sq.m. The working area of the film is about 65 sq.m.
Insulation under the metal tile is also equal to the total area of \u200b\u200bthe slopes.
From the tool it is useful: a screwdriver, a hammer, a mallet, a tape measure, a marker, a level, a jigsaw or a hacksaw.
Advice. Cutting a sheet of metal with a grinder is strictly prohibited. From heating, the coating is destroyed at the cut point, and the sheet will begin to rust. Also, sparks can damage the paint all over the sheet.
How to store metal tiles
If you purchased the material before you built the truss system, you need to know how to properly store metal tiles (especially in winter). Sheets must be laid on a flat area, preferably on a pallet. In addition, it is important to protect the metal from moisture, ultraviolet radiation and provide ventilation. If the sheets will be stored for more than a month, they must be laid as shown in the photo.
Additional slats are also stored in a supine position.
1. The device of the truss system under the metal tile
Installation of a metal tile begins at a stage of the device of an obreshetka. It is important to initially fix the boards of the crate at the right distance. Namely, the distance between the first and second board is 300 mm, then 350 mm, 350 mm is the distance from one bend of the sheet to the next. In professional language, the distance is called a tile.
Advice. At the exit of the chimney, in the valley, near the windows, you need to make a continuous crate.
2. Checking the dimensions of the ramp
The main thing is that the roof slopes are even and flat.
3. Fixing the eaves strip for metal tiles
The cornice board directs the water flowing down from the roof into the drainage system.
Nuance. On the cornice board, you need to install long brackets for the gutters of the drainage system. Short ones can be mounted after completion of roofing work.
4. Laying the film of the hydrobarrier under the metal tile
In order to prevent the attic from getting wet in case of sudden rain, and also to further protect the insulation from getting wet, a hydrobarrier film is used.
The waterproofing film under the metal tile is laid on the truss system in accordance with the description, which contains the installation instructions. To avoid leakage, it is necessary to ensure that the film overlaps at least 10 cm. For sloping slopes, at least 25 cm. For hip roofs up to 50 cm (in the roof ridges). The film is fastened with a construction stapler.
Advice. The film is spread parallel to the end if the roof slope is more than 25 °. And parallel to the skate, if less. In this case, it is necessary to withstand a sag of 1-2 cm along the edge of the rafter leg.
In places where the chimney exits, antennas, etc. you need to bring the film 4-5 cm to these elements.
5. Mounting the counter-lattice under the metal tile
The counter-lattice is needed to provide a ventilation gap between the film and the metal tile sheet. Otherwise, at the junction of the film to the metal, it will quickly lose its properties.
For mounting, a rail with a cross section of 30 mm and a length of 135 cm is used.
Nuance. When using a superdiffusion membrane with a high transmittance, a counter grate is not needed.
6. Installation of the lower valley
A metal tile valley is installed if the roof configuration requires it.
Nuance. It is better to install the lower valley not on self-tapping screws, but on a kleimer. So it will maintain integrity, which will reduce the likelihood of leakage. Kleimer can be made independently from scrap metal.
7. Installation of the first sheet of metal tiles
To avoid deformation, the sheet is lifted to the roof using skids (see photo).
Nuance. It is better not to mount sheets in strong winds. Loose sheets may bend.
Installation is carried out from right to left, so that each subsequent sheet covers the groove for water drainage on the previous one.
The bottom row of sheets must be mounted so that the sheet hangs over the edge of the rafter system by 50 mm. (that is why the distance between the first and second board of the crate should be 300 mm, not 350). This is necessary to ensure ventilation and ease of water flow.
Methods for mounting metal tiles are shown in the diagram
The technology of laying metal tiles provides for the alignment of the first sheet along the end of the slope and the cornice. If everything is correct, the sheet is attached from above with a single self-tapping screw. The second sheet is installed with the same requirements and fastened with the first sheet. After all the rows are aligned along the cornice overhang, the sheets are firmly attached to the crate.
Tips:
- During the work on the roof you need to move. Therefore, it is better to put on shoes with soft soles and step only into the bottom of the wave.
- If during the installation process you need to cut the sheet, it is better to paint over the place of the cut with special paint.
- After mounting the sheet, you need to remove the protective film from it (if any). Under the influence of ultraviolet light, it will crumble, and will have an ugly appearance. In addition, it will be much more difficult to remove it.
8. Fastening of metal tiles
Fasteners of metal tiles are carried out with special self-tapping screws. The presence of a sealing gum allows you to tighten the self-tapping screw as much as possible, while not deforming the sheet itself.
The scheme of fastening metal tiles with self-tapping screws - through one wave.
Nuance. Along the length of the end, a self-tapping screw is attached to each tile.
Many advise mounting the self-tapping screw down the wave. It is not right. Because water flows along the gutter of the tile, which means that the slightest violation during installation is fraught with the appearance of rust.
The photo below shows that the self-tapping screw needs to be slightly mixed to the right.
It is also important to properly tighten the screw. Mounting rules are shown in the figure.
9. Installation of additional elements
9.1 Installation of the metal roofing valley. Depending on the design of the roof, an upper valley is installed. When fastening it, they try to tighten the screws so that they do not fall on the lower screws. If clamps were used, this requirement is omitted.
9.2 Installation of a wind strip on a metal tile. Regardless of the configuration of the roof, an end (wind) bar must be installed. The overlap of the planks is 10-15 cm. They are fastened with long self-tapping screws. Based on 1 self-tapping screw per 1 r.m. planks. The wind bar is laid on top of the tile sheet and fixed with self-tapping screws on both sides.
9.3 Mounting of the ridge batten of a metal tile depends on its configuration. When installing a round ridge bar, it is required to close the ends with special plugs.
The broken bar fits more tightly to the sheets, so a plug is not needed.
It is possible to protect the ridge for metal tiles from snow and moisture by laying a special ridge sealing tape (ridge seal).
9.4 Next, we mount aprons (adjacency strips) for metal tiles near the pipes or the slope adjoining strip to the wall. To do this, the wall needs to be pierced by 1-1.5 cm. Insert a bar into the resulting strip, and treat the installation site with sealant. It should be noted that the sealant will break down. Therefore, the junction needs to be inspected and sealed in a new way from time to time.
Nuance. It is forbidden to insert the junction bar into the masonry joint; this may violate the integrity of the wall. And then the manufacture of a reliable structure in the junction node will turn into sabotage.
9.5 Installation of snow guards on metal tiles. Lastly, we install snow retainer strips on a sheet of metal. They are simply necessary if the metal tile is covered with polyester.
Snow guards for a roof made of metal tiles may look like the one shown in the photo.
Often snow retainers are reinforced with an additional bar.
Its cost is low, and the strength of the snow holder increases significantly.
The choice of plank depends on the preferences of the owner, as well as on the intensity of snowfall and the angle of inclination of the roof slope.
How to install snow guards on metal roofing?
The snow retainer bar is located parallel to the cornice in one row or two rows, in a checkerboard pattern.
The final roofing cake is shown in the photo
10. Roof insulation, installation of a vapor barrier film and interior decoration
Installation of metal tiles - video instruction
Mistakes in the installation of metal tiles
In conclusion, I would like to briefly recall the most common mistakes in installing metal tiles:
- an unaligned slope will cause the sheet to be bumpy;
- incorrectly cut sheets can quickly rust. Therefore, do not use a grinder in your work;
- incorrectly screwed self-tapping screws lead to deformation of the sheet;
- you need to use only high-quality self-tapping screws with a special rubber seal;
- saving on high-quality seals leads to the fact that snow is blown into the roofing pie or moisture gets into it;
- it is better to inspect the sheet several times for scratches and paint it over with special paint in time, rather than admire rusty streaks later;
- use special (made to order) additional elements if the standard ones do not completely cover the openings. Their manufacture will cost you less than the subsequent replacement of the whole assembly or roofing materials;
- do not buy long sheets of metal tiles. The metal has a high coefficient of linear expansion. This means that the sheet will play and, over time, the screws in it will loosen. Therefore, cut the sheet into several parts;
- on the other hand, the more joints, the greater the likelihood of leakage. Therefore, stick to the golden mean;
- keep the correct overlaps.
Conclusion
As you can see, the installation of metal tiles can be done independently. Adhering to certain rules, laying metal tiles on the roof will be successful and in a short time.
Reading time ≈ 3 minutes
Drawings and diagrams of a metal roof
crate
For reliable fixation of the roofing, you will need to prepare a strong and reliable crate. It consists of wooden boards, determines the slope of the roof. For optimal drainage of precipitation, it is recommended to install rafters with an angle of more than 14-15 degrees. Additional jumpers must be installed between the three extreme boards. This will give the gable roof structure greater strength and protect against strong gusts of wind.
The next step is the laying of a vapor barrier material. Izospan vapor barrier has proven itself quite well. The material allows for a really high-quality installation of a roof made of metal, excluding the accumulation of moisture under the roof and the destruction of wood elements.
Before mounting the counter-lattice, it is necessary to prepare the used bars and boards. You will need to cover the elements with an antiseptic to maximize the service life. Then the bars are attached directly to the rafters.
Step-by-step instructions for installing metal tiles
Proceed to the installation of metal tiles should be after installing the brackets. They are exposed under the level, attached to the bottom board.
Gutters are installed on the brackets, a dropper is mounted.
The dropper is closed with waterproofing.
1. The first sheet of metal roofing is lifted (work starts from the edge), fixed in the upper part.
2. The sheet is screwed to the boards using roofing screws (along the entire length and width).
3. The second sheet is lifted, it is superimposed on the first (enough overlap for 1 strip). Fixed in the same way.
4. The rest of the sheets are being laid, up to the edge of the roof.
5. Work according to a similar instruction is performed for the second side of the roof.
The next step is to install the skate.
For its even location, it is necessary to pull the thread between the gables.
Completion of works
In addition to information on how to mount a metal roof, the contractor must remember the need for high-quality closing of the end walls of the roof. For work, you will need to use OSB boards. They are light in weight and are optimally suited for the construction of a frame house. It is necessary to mount the plates from the inside - the attic.
Initially, the contractor will need to take measurements and make markings on the slab, according to which it will be trimmed. First of all, the side parts of a triangular shape are harvested. After their installation, the lower and upper parts are adjusted. It is important to consider that in the attic you need to leave a hole for the subsequent installation of the window. As soon as the last parts of the slabs are installed, the assembly of the gable roof is completed. For a detailed study of all the stages described, from the fastening of the insulating layer to the moment of closing the end walls, it is recommended to additionally view the attached photo and video tips.
