Sometimes it happens that after the construction of a country house, it turns out that it has a small square, or there is a need for a separate kitchen, hozblok, workshop or barn. In this case, you have to make an extension to the house. To reduce material costs to a minimum, you should immediately think about what to build it from.
How to build an extension to the house with minimal costs, with photos and examples, how to prepare the foundation for it, what material to choose for the walls and roof - later in the article.
general information
In the event that water supply and sewerage are planned in the extension, as in the case of the construction of a kitchen or bathrooms, this issue should be puzzled before pouring the foundation.
If you plan to use the extension not only in the summer, then you should provide for floor insulation, for example, using expanded clay bedding. It is also useful to think over in the case of living in winter how to heat the room.
As an easy extension option, you can equip a veranda - it provides protection from wind and bad weather. In winter, it will not be possible to live on the veranda, since, as a rule, it is not heated.
The extension must be in harmony with the main structure. An economical, warm and prefabricated version of the building is a frame made of wood, after erection it is easy to finish it under the main building. It has many advantages:
- simplicity and speed of construction;
- relative cheapness;
- environmental cleanliness of the extension;
- there is no need to build a capital foundation.
Foundation construction
For a veranda or a frame-type residential extension, a columnar foundation is suitable, since the weight of the structure is small. If there is a need to bring communications, as is the case with a bathroom or kitchen, it is necessary to ensure thermal insulation of the water supply and sewerage sections located on the street. This will cost a pretty penny, but the costs are much less than if it were necessary to equip a strip foundation. The floors in such an extension are made of boards so as not to burden the structure.
The concrete pillars on which the structure will stand are poured 50x50 cm in size at a distance of 1.5 meters from each other. The bottom of the pits under the pillars is covered with a layer of sand, then with rubble, and all this is carefully rammed.
Pillars must be reinforced to give strength to the foundation. The formwork is removed about a week after pouring, when the concrete has gained strength. As a waterproofing, bitumen or roofing material is glued to the poles.
Bottom trim and floors
In order for the frame extension to serve for a long time, it is necessary to provide waterproofing and impregnate all wooden elements with an antiseptic and fungicidal composition. High-quality waterproofing gives bituminous mastic.
A 150x150 mm timber is used as the lower trim, preferably from larch. Under it, a roofing material is necessarily planted to isolate it from the foundation. The first row is laid strictly horizontally in level, without connecting the timber at the joints.
The second row is laid with overlapping joints on the first. Then, with the help of studs, the first and second rows are connected. You can use 50x150 mm boards instead of timber, and in order to achieve structural integrity, they are connected to self-tapping screws.
The lower harness is attached to the beds, on which the logs are laid. Insulation is placed between the lags, for example, polystyrene, and subfloors are laid. Finishing floors are laid from moisture-resistant plywood.
Walls
The walls are made in two ways - either they assemble the structure on the ground, and then erect it, or gradually build the frame in place. For the first option, several people are needed, since the structure cannot be lifted alone.
The erection process begins with corner posts, it is very important to maintain right angles in all planes. For racks, a bar with a section of at least 100x100 mm is used. The pillars are placed at a distance slightly narrower than the width of the insulation sheet.
Openings for windows and doors are equipped with additional pillars and crossbars. The top of the frame is fastened with an upper strapping of the same design as the lower one. Sheathing is carried out with OSB, siding, plywood, clapboard.
Roof and insulation of the extension
The roof is easiest to equip with an ordinary shed. It should be done as a continuation of the roof of the main building. This is possible if the extension to the house is side. The roof of the extension must go under the main roof.
All elements - rafters, beams, crate must pass with an antiseptic. The roof is overlapped and, depending on its type, is attached to the crate with self-tapping screws or slate nails.
Styrofoam or mineral wool is used as insulation. First, the frame is sheathed with a hydrobarrier, then an insulating material is placed between the racks of the frame, and a vapor barrier is attached between it and the lining. Then they attach OSB or drywall to the racks, and proceed to the fine finish.
Photos of extensions to the house
In order to make the house comfortable, the best solution is to create additional space. First of all, projects for extensions to a wooden house and any other must be properly legally executed.
It is better to do this in advance, since it is easier to make changes to them than to redo an already finished design later.
The purpose of building an extension
- Arrangement or porch.
- Creation of a technical room (workshop, garage, boiler room, electrical panel room, pantry).
- Expansion of living space (living room, bathroom, kitchen, dining room, hallway).
It should be borne in mind that the extension has some features compared to other structures.
What extensions are suitable for a wooden house?
Despite the functional difference of the additional premises, there is a prerequisite - ensuring the safety of the main building. For wooden houses, the use of extensions made of identical material is advisable in order to create harmony and prevent overloading the foundation. If the main building is a log house, logs, timber and even aerated concrete blocks are suitable for it. But wooden extensions remain preferred.
The most rational option is to attach a frame structure. The availability of modern materials for sale makes it possible to make new premises as comfortable and functional as possible all year round.
What should be considered when creating an extension?
The following factors must be taken into account in construction:
- and its dimensions.
- The condition of the walls with the roof and what elements need to be replaced.
- The possibility of rigid connection of structures and the creation of a transition between rooms.
- transitions between rooms.
Due to the fact that a wooden extension shrinks during the first year after construction, it is not recommended to do it rigidly to the walls of the house. Between them leave the so-called providing relative slippage of the walls vertically. It is necessary even with a common foundation and separates all parts of the building from the bottom up, up to the roof. Finally, the seam is filled with elastic tapes, polystyrene foam, plastic mass made of bitumen, silicone or acrylic.
When combining different materials at the junction, embedded elements are used: reinforcement, channel, corner. The tightness of the joint is created using a gap of 1-2 cm, which is subsequently filled with mounting foam and closed with a flashing. Metal should be carefully painted to protect against corrosion.
It is quite possible to create a basement under a new room. In this case, a deep strip foundation is required. But it is impossible to lay a new foundation below the sole of the old one. The sole of the foundation of the extension should be the same as that of the house, or placed higher.
Project work
The projects of extensions to a wooden house have become the most popular due to their economy, simplicity and efficiency. First of all, a project is created. The extension complements the house, creating a single whole, and is not a separate part of it. It is important to provide for the condition of the adjoining walls and, if necessary, replace the rotten parts.
One style should be followed. The dimensions of the additional building should not exceed 2/3 of the house. In this case, it must be taken into account that the general appearance of the facade is not violated. The area of the veranda is usually about 20% of the house.
The extension can be two-story. It is important to ensure its reliable thermal insulation. If the attached room is combined with the rooms of the house through doorways, it must be reliably insulated. Otherwise, it will affect the microclimate of the whole house. Protection from the cold must be provided on all sides.
When changing a residential building, permission from the city architectural committee is required. All necessary drawings are being prepared. The price of the services of a construction company, which undertakes to create an extension project to a private house, ranges from 25,000 rubles. A suitable option can be selected from the proposed photos.
Typical ready-made projects are difficult to apply, since they need to be tied to the existing structure of the house and the state of the soil. They are taken as a basis, making changes of different levels of complexity, depending on the wishes of customers. As a result, an original solution can be obtained.
Building a new foundation
When projects for extensions to a wooden house are being developed, special attention is paid to the foundation. So that it does not shrink, it is connected to the base of the house. You won't be able to get a monolith, but you can get close to it. First, a trench is dug and the attached parts of the main foundation are released. The waterproofing is cleaned from it, and then recesses are drilled to a depth of 60-80 mm with a crown with a diameter of at least 100 mm. After that, instead of the crown, a drill is inserted and thin holes are drilled in the concrete. Then reinforcement is hammered into them. The frame of the new foundation is attached to it and it is poured with concrete. After hardening, waterproofing is laid on the base, after which it is possible to build an extension from any material, but it is not recommended to create heavy structures.
If the reinforcement of the two foundations is not done, over time they may disperse.
How to make a roof
The roof of the extension is erected separately. It is made single-sided and with a large slope. There is no connection to the main building. In this case, it is necessary to ensure a tight fit of the roof to the wall of the house. Then its subsidence will not occur in the process of shrinkage and shrinkage of the structure.
The roof is located below the main one or is made with it as one piece. It should be ensured that the shrinkage of the new structure does not lead to subsidence of the roof. If a decision is made to build a common roof, then the entire roof will have to be reconstructed.
Construction of an extension from a bar
Projects of extensions to a wooden house most often involve the manufacture of new structures from the same material, for example, from a bar. The building is usually attached to the facade wall and may have as many floors as the house has. Then the foundation is made the same, and the roof can be common or one-sided pitched. Under the veranda, a lightweight columnar base is used.
The walls are built using the same technology as for the main house. The beam is connected to each other with dowels. Fastening to the main wall is made with plates with screws or brackets.
An extension made of timber is usually intended for residential premises.
For her, the roof can be made common by connecting the floors with metal corners. The design of the drainage system is made integral.
Add-on costs are as follows:
- type of construction and decoration;
- number of floors;
- the complexity of the foundation;
- availability of communications;
- type of beam.
The general list also includes the price of the project, transportation and the complexity of construction.
Frame extension
The frame base is the simplest and most common solution for building an extension to a wooden house. Despite the fact that this technology has appeared recently, it has received universal recognition due to its economy and speed of construction.
The frame is made of wood or metal. The cost of a structure depends primarily on its purpose. The highest costs are required for the construction of a dwelling, where insulation is required with mineral wool, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam and other heat-shielding materials.
Metal structures are made from profiles of various shapes and sizes by welding. The cheaper wooden frame is also strong and durable.
The foundation is made small and can be shallow or columnar. It is displayed on a par with the main one at the top level.
The wooden frame is treated with an antiseptic and fire-fighting composition. Then it is assembled. From the side of the facade, the walls are sheathed with sheets of plywood or OSB, with siding or plastic trim, and from the inside - clapboard. If it is pre-coated with several layers of varnish, the service life of the material will be significantly extended. Insulation is placed between the outer and inner lining.
Attaching the porch to the frame structure is not difficult. A small foundation is made under it, connected with the main one.
Conclusion
An extension to the house allows you to increase living space and create comfortable living conditions at minimal cost. This can be done with your own hands, if you correctly develop your own or make changes to finished projects with reference to specific conditions. At the same time, mistakes in construction should not be made.
No matter how large your private house is, sometimes you need to add one more room to it. The purpose of the new room can be different: inside they equip a bedroom, a pantry, a gym, a veranda, a dining room, even a bathhouse or a garage. The best option in this case is an extension to the house from the frame. The structure is placed on the foundation, a kind of frame “skeleton” is made, on which the walls of OSB-plates, insulation and waterproofing are “put on”. The extension to the house is equipped with a floor and a separate roof, sometimes windows and always a door.
Before starting the construction of a frame extension to the house, decide on its location. On the north or east side, it is advisable to place a pantry or utility room, on the south or west - a bedroom or living room (then there will be a lot of light in the room, during the day the sun will warm the frame extension, so you will save on heating).
If the extension will have a bedroom or living room, then make it on the south side - so you can save a little on heating
Now sketch out a house plan with a new room on a piece of paper, indicate the exact dimensions of the building and the materials that will be used in the construction.
This plan must be submitted to the technical inventory bureau of your locality. Of course, not all homeowners run to the BTI in order to organize a frame extension. But in vain! If checked, the illegal building will most likely be ordered to be demolished. Do you need such problems?
As practice shows, BTI specialists will not create obstacles and will quickly approve the project (maximum within 10 working days).
Permission from the BTI for an extension to the house will be issued within 10 days. Provided that the application meets all the established requirements, and the construction meets the technical standards
Tools and materials for creating a frame extension to the house
Permission from BTI received. Now you need to prepare tools and materials for construction. You will need:
- cement mortar;
- wooden boards;
- sand;
- small pebbles;
- OSB boards;
- insulation;
- waterproofing;
- putty;
- paint for OSB-plates;
- roofing material;
- wooden or metal door (at the request of the owner);
- a window in a plastic or wooden frame (if necessary);
- linoleum, ceramic tiles or laminate flooring;
- perforator;
- construction mixer;
- rollers and brushes;
- nails and screws;
- mounting foam;
- construction stapler;
- shovel;
- metal pipes with a diameter of 15-20 cm, a length of 2.7-3 m.
Cement mortar is sold in packages of 25 kilograms each. Terms of use are indicated on the product packaging. Price - 700 to 2 thousand rubles, some of the best manufacturers are Silka, Maxsil, Mapey.
The base of the extension must be strong and stable, so choose quality cement for the foundation, not a cheap mixture
Wooden boards will be needed first to create the foundation formwork. Then they can be covered with a cement-filled floor to insulate and soften it. For such purposes, spruce, pine, oak are best suited. The thickness of the board is at least 5 millimeters. Choose the length depending on the area of \u200b\u200bthe frame extension to the house.
Choose OSB with a thickness of at least 7 millimeters with dimensions of 100 × 100 centimeters. The plate itself should be smooth and uniform. This indicates the high quality of the product.
As a heater, you can use mineral wool or expanded polystyrene. The first option is cheap, but the material quickly becomes unusable. Expanded polystyrene has a long service life (up to 20 years). It is sold in the form of plates, the dimensions of one are 200 × 100 centimeters.
Choose products from 10 millimeters thick from the companies: Penoplex, Extrol, TechnoNikol.
Expanded polystyrene for warming an extension to the house is preferable to mineral wool. It does not absorb liquid, is not afraid of temperature changes
Waterproofing is a must. As such, you can use a polymer roll material. Thickness - at least 5 millimeters.
The price per square meter is about 500 rubles. Among firms, users recommend giving preference to the following: Bolars, Penetron, Polylen, Zubr.
Putty and paint are needed for exterior and interior decoration. You can learn more about the choice of paint.
On the roof you can put a metal tile. It is a durable and weather-resistant material that will last a long time, besides, it looks stylish and is inexpensive.
For a square meter you will pay 200-400 rubles. The thickness of the tile must be at least 5 millimeters.
Important: the easiest way is to create a frame extension to the house using OSB. Such a room will be warm and durable if it is properly insulated. Of course, you can build walls from bricks, foam blocks or wooden beams. But it is much more expensive and energy-intensive.
The drawings below will help determine the type of room:
With the help of such a drawing, you can create a simple extension to the house with a pitched roof. Use your own sizes
Such a drawing of an extension to the house will help to simply and quickly build an additional room or, for example, a pantry.
By stages: stages of building construction
The process of erecting a frame extension to a wooden house can be divided into several stages:
- building a foundation;
- floor filling;
- erection of a frame for an extension;
- wall production;
- roof laying;
- installation of windows, doors;
- exterior finish;
- interior decoration.
Work must be carried out consistently, following the instructions and safety precautions. For some "activities" (installing windows, laying the roof), it is advisable to involve an assistant.
Strong foundation: pour the foundation
To create a frame extension to the house, it is necessary to fill in the strip foundation. But if the site has a high level of groundwater, then it is more correct to make a pile or columnar foundation.
The instructions for erecting a strip foundation are as follows:
- Mark up and dig a trench 30 centimeters deep and 20 cm wide. The result should be a rectangle or square.
- Fill the trench first with sand, then with stones exactly half for strength.
- Insert metal pipes at the corners of the trench. They will serve as the basis for the future frame.
- Build the formwork for the foundation from the boards and fill the trench with cement mortar, prepared strictly according to the instructions.
- Leave the design for 24 hours until completely dry.
- Then fill the floor with cement mortar. It will dry completely in a day or two, depending on weather conditions. The warmer it is outside, the faster the cement hardens.
You will learn how to make a strip foundation from the video.
If you need a column or pile foundation, watch the following videos. They will talk about the rules for the construction of such foundations.
Strong "skeleton": we put the frame
The future building already has iron pipes in the corners. Between them, horizontally from the floor to the end of the pipe, other metal pipes are welded. The distance between parallel parts is at least 70 centimeters. You can “connect” the corner iron parts to each other using wooden boards. They will also serve as a frame.
Important: if the distance between the corner tubes is more than 1 meter, then in the middle you can put another vertical pipe or board to give the frame strength and reliability.
How to make a frame for an extension to the house, see the video.
Construction "sandwich": building walls
Now, in the process of building an extension from a frame to a wooden house, the most difficult and interesting thing begins with your own hands: the construction of walls. One camp is already there - it is part of the house. There are three more to do:
- attach the OSB to the frame with nails. Between them there should not be large gaps of more than 3 millimeters.
- On the inside of the OSB-plate, fix the waterproofing with a construction stapler. The material should cover the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe walls - from top to bottom.
- Attach the insulation to the waterproofing with mounting foam. The work is not difficult. It is quite possible to deal with it alone. Do not apply too thick a layer of foam and press the insulation board firmly against the OSB wall.
- Place OSB boards on the insulation. Attach them with screws.
- Attach waterproofing to the existing wall of the house, and OSB on top.
- If there are gaps between the plates themselves or the floor, fill them with mounting foam.
Builders call this construction a “sandwich”. It is built quickly and simply, but practical in operation, reliable and durable.
If you need to install windows and doors, consider them before you start installing the walls. In OSB-plates, it will be necessary to pre-cut holes of the desired size.
You will learn more about the plates themselves from the video:
Serious protection: without a roof - nothing
The roof for a frame extension to the house can be made shed or. In any case, its creation involves the following steps:
- We build a base from wooden boards.
- We put a heater on top.
- We put waterproofing on the insulation.
- From above we fasten the metal tile with an overlap. In this case, moisture from precipitation will not accumulate under the tiles.
The shed roof of the extension to the house, as it were, continues the existing roof. It's pretty easy to build. It is enough to put wooden slats of the desired length on the main roof
To be beautiful: interior and exterior decoration
The construction of the frame extension to the house is not completed until the interior and exterior decoration has been completed.
The best option for OSB boards is painting.
First prepare the surface:
- sanding is performed;
- antiseptics are applied (good quality for "Tixo", "Drevolak");
- primer treatment ("Body", "Tex").
Then the board is painted. Use alkyd, oil, water-based, acrylic, latex paints. For external and internal work, different products are used. Information on which surfaces a particular dye can be used is indicated on the packaging.
You can find out more about painting OSB.
Interior finishing also includes flooring. Waterproofing is placed on the cement screed, then insulation and wooden boards (this step can be skipped if you put laminate, linoleum or ceramic tiles on the insulation).
What's next?
It would seem that the frame extension to the house is ready. But putting it into operation is not yet possible - first you need to conduct electrical wiring in the room, install heating radiators and connect them to the common heating system of a private house.
You will learn how to wire.
Read about the heating system.
To make it cozy in the extension to the house at any time of the year, run the wiring inside, install heating radiators
Finally
In order for the frame extension to the house to be strong and safe, strictly follow the basic rules when building private houses in general and creating extensions in particular. Do not forget about the basic safety requirements at the construction site. Protect your hands and eyes, work in special clothing and sturdy shoes.
The easiest option for creating an extension from a frame for a house is OSB-plate. It is quite light, but fully copes with its "professional duties".
There is an opinion that using OSB is unsafe for health - products are impregnated with a mixture of phenol for strength. However, when painting and priming, phenol is stopped and not released, so OSB does not harm health.
Such projects are used to increase living space, improve the appearance and expand the basic functionality of the building. At the same time, it is extremely important to study carefully what a high-quality extension to a wooden house is. Projects should be designed taking into account the complexity of their implementation. To do this, you will have to familiarize yourself with the features of building technologies. With the help of this article, making the right decision will be much easier. Go!
Read in the article
Extension to the house: options, photos of successful projects, formulation of general requirements
This photo clearly explains the conventionality of the name. A large extension to a wooden house can significantly improve the original technical and aesthetic characteristics. The main thing is that there are enough sizes for large-scale plans. Of course, we must not forget about the financial and time components of the project.
It should be remembered! It is better to complete the construction of such structures in one warm season. Otherwise, there will be additional costs for winter conservation. Accurate planning will help save money in several stages. In particular, bulk purchases of the necessary basic and finishing materials will be useful.
To build an extension to your own hands, you need to realistically assess your own strengths. The most complex work operations can be entrusted to specialized specialists. But even in this case, your own knowledge will be useful for careful control of the performers.
Note! It is better to hire highly qualified professionals. Slave labor was abolished, among other reasons, due to insufficient efficiency. The involvement of relatives and other dubious assistants may be supplemented by unforeseen additional costs of materials, time and money.
In any case, the target task should be correctly formulated in order to accurately create a set of design documentation. The projects of extensions to the house discussed below will help you make the right decision. In a detailed study, pay attention to the important nuances for yourself. Remember that these examples can be used in various combinations to successfully meet individual needs.
A universal solution to various problems with the extension of a veranda to a wooden house
This standard definition allows a precise grouping of different architectural structures. In this case, we are talking about a relatively light construction. Protection of an extension to a wooden house from adverse external influences is designed for the summer season. It does not provide full insulation. However, rain drops and wind penetration are prevented.
How to make an extension of the garage to the house: features of technical premises
Appropriate layers are best placed outside. This prevents the dew point from moving towards the room, prevents moisture from penetrating into the walls. In such places it is better to use foamed polymer plates, which do not need to be additionally protected from water.
The following table provides data that will help you make the correct calculation, taking into account the temperature conditions in a particular region:
| Wall thickness, cm | Weight 1 sq.m. structures, kg | Consumption of materials based on 1 sq. m. walls | Permissible outside air temperature, °C | Notes | ||
| Brick, piece | Masonry mortar, l | Plaster building mixture, l | ||||
| Clay brick (silicate and ordinary) with a bulk density of 1900 kg per 1 m 3 | ||||||
| 25 | 480 | 102 | 65 | 25 | -3 | |
| 51 | 950 | 204 | 127 | 25 | -20 | |
| 770 | 1410 | 308 | 193 | 25 | -40 | |
| 42 | 720 | 152 | 85 | 50 | -20 | |
| 55 | 950 | 204 | 117 | 50 | -33 | |
| 68 | 1190 | 256 | 150 | 50 | -40 | |
| Brick multi-hole (effective) with a bulk density of 1300 kg per 1 m3. | ||||||
| 25 | 350 | 103 | 50 | 25 | -7 | Solid masonry, interior plastering, exterior grouting |
| 38 | 520 | 154 | 76 | 25 | -21 | |
| 64 | 860 | 259 | 128 | 25 | -48 | |
| 42 | 530 | 154 | 66 | 50 | -30 | Air gap, external and internal plaster |
| 68 | 870 | 259 | 118 | 50 | -55 | |
Use this information when choosing materials. The final cost of the project depends on many factors. Sometimes it is more profitable to make a large initial investment, but reduce operating costs.
Important! The above examples can be applied in practice if a rigid connection of the foundations is provided. Otherwise, the roof of the extension to the wooden house is made independent of the main structure.
Do-it-yourself construction of an extension to the house: step-by-step instructions with important notes
| A photo | How to attach an extension to the house. Main stages of work with comments | |
 | The basis of the project is an old house with a slate roof. The entrance part consisted of a "waiting room", which had dubious aesthetic and insufficient insulating characteristics. | |
 | After inspecting the object, it was decided to build an extension to the wooden house using frame technology. For this lightweight one-story structure, the load capacity of the strip foundation is enough. | |
 | In accordance with the plan, they dig a trench, install | After pouring the building mixture, protruding parts (M12) should remain on the surface. They are useful for a rigid connection with the walls of an extension to a wooden house. |
 | it is better to do it all at once in order to obtain a uniform structure of the support without seams and internal defects. At the junction with the house, a layer of waterproofing from a roofing material sheet was installed. | |
 | After the mixture has completely solidified, the formwork is carefully removed. The exact time depends on the external temperature conditions, the percentage and parameters of the components. | |
 | Please note that at the stage of preparation for pouring, special pipes are installed for the subsequent laying of electrical cables, plumbing, and other engineering networks. In this project, holes were made in all the walls of the foundation for the space under the wooden floor. | |
 | Not only the contour is concreted, but also separate sites for the installation of supports, a fireplace, and other heavy equipment. Apply a similar technology with reinforcement. | |
 | Support boards are installed through a layer of roofing material on a strip foundation. Their reliable fixation is provided by anchors. Next - mount the ribs of the transverse lags. | |
 | Sewer pipes and other engineering networks are installed under the floor level until free access is blocked to this space. | |
 | Install flooring. In this project, the author used a thick moisture resistant. It turned out a solid, even base. Mineral wool is installed between the lags, which is protected from water penetration by a film on both sides. | |
 | The frame of the walls is successively installed. Temporary supports are used to maintain the vertical position of these elements. | |
 | Here, the walls are installed on all sides, which creates a closed loop of a full-fledged living space. | |
 | At the next stage, the truss structure is installed. The photo shows that the author delayed the implementation of the project, so the installation had to be postponed for the winter. In this case, we are talking only about unfavorable conditions for performing work operations. "Wet" technological processes were completed on time, in the warm season. | |
 | Install the roof structure from ondulin, with a layer of waterproofing. Mineral wool mats are inserted into the cells of the walls, covered with foil. Outside, vinyl siding is fixed. Inside - lining. Install windows and doors. Finishing decorative finishing is done at your own discretion. |
Here it is told about how to make an extension to the house using a frame structure. When using other technologies, the appropriate instructions must be used. Do not forget to make the necessary changes when increasing the loads on the foundation.
The choice of the construction team and the secrets of strict control
For a better orientation in this segment of the service market, below are extensions to a wooden house with prices and general characteristics:
If you are offered to build an extension to the house inexpensively, check carefully the list of materials and work. To check, use your own list of mandatory activities, which can be compiled based on the materials in this article. Specify the cost of delivery, installation, finishing, garbage disposal. This approach will eliminate unpleasant surprises. You need to study the text of the contract in advance. If you have any questions, please consult with an experienced lawyer.
Successful examples of extensions to the house: verandas and terraces, photos and comments
A thorough overall analysis of the situation will help you make the right decision. Eliminate errors based on the incorrect statement "Money is everything!". The real benefits are received by the person who makes his “little gray cells” work.
Even in the absence of funding problems, thematic knowledge will be useful. They will help:
- choose the right project;
- formulate terms of reference;
- find the best basic and finishing materials;
- supervise work;
- justify the need to correct deficiencies.
The information in this article will be useful for performing individual operations or the entire project on your own. Within the framework of one publication, it is impossible to foresee all the problems that are encountered in practice. Ask additional questions in the comments. Communicate with like-minded people, experienced craftsmen and authors of implemented ideas. This will simplify the construction of a high-quality extension to a wooden house.
When, for various reasons, it becomes necessary to expand the living space of a private house, the most economical and technologically simplest option is a frame extension. Its advantage is the speed of construction with your own hands with a minimum skill in working with a carpentry tool. Step-by-step instructions for the construction stages with photos will help you make a useful and beautiful extension as in the video, which will last for many years.
So that the extension does not subsequently have to be transformed, even at the planning stage, you should consider the nuances of the design. First, decide on the purpose of the new premises.
With an extension, you can expand the area of \u200b\u200bthe house - Additional room. The construction of an additional room is tantamount to building a house with a small area. All structures of the new building must be thoroughly insulated, otherwise the heating of such a room will be inefficient due to the large heat loss. You should not save on waterproofing and insulation of the foundation, otherwise dampness and mold on the walls will make it impossible to live in such a room.
- Kitchen or bathroom. Take care of the engineering communications before you start building the foundation. The places where water or sewer pipes pass through the foundation must be well insulated. This is easier and cheaper to do at the construction stage.
- The veranda is a light extension to the house of an open or glazed type. Used for summer holidays. The building is not heated, so the design is extremely simple: flooring, walls and roof on supports. Do not forget about harmony, the veranda should be combined with the house in terms of scale, style and construction materials.
We select the base
The veranda can be attached or built-in. If the second one is planned at the stage of building a house, then for the first one you will need to build a separate foundation. With a gap from the wall of about 40 mm. Otherwise, during shrinkage, the monolithic base will collapse due to the different weights of the veranda and the house. The seismicity of the soil and the weight of the future building are taken into account. A lightweight foundation erected on soil prone to heaving will “lead”, and the extension will move away from the house. Such a base is designed for light walls; shrinkage is inevitable under the weight of brickwork.
Pillar foundation made of bricks Different materials are used for construction: concrete, brick, stone, piles made of wood, metal or concrete. It is important to choose the right depth and type of foundation for the extension:
- tape;
- slab;
- columnar;
- pile;
- pile-grillage.
In private construction, when erecting a base for a veranda, a columnar or tape structure is most often used. Let us consider in more detail the step-by-step instructions for arranging the foundations.
Strip foundation
For large and heavy buildings, a tape type of foundation is chosen. It is advisable to perform it from concrete in this sequence.
Important. Before erecting walls on the foundation, it is necessary to apply waterproofing. Use roll materials or mastic.
Column Foundation
For a light frame veranda, it is appropriate to erect a columnar base, which is built of brick, rubble stone or concrete. Or a combination of these materials. Pits under the pillars are dug to a depth below the freezing of the soil. The step between the posts is about 60 cm. The sequence of work:
- dig square holes 50 x 50 cm. Sand is poured into the bottom and carefully compacted;
- a layer of concrete mortar is laid, and after complete setting, they begin to erect brick supports. Use the level so that the masonry is strictly vertical;
- the concrete support is made in the same way as the tape type foundation: the inside of the formwork is wrapped with waterproofing and a reinforced frame is inserted. The form is filled with concrete, and the top is leveled. Wet concrete a couple of times a day to avoid cracking;
For a veranda, a columnar foundation is enough - after complete drying, the formwork is removed, waterproofing is applied to the pole, covered with several layers of roofing material on top - the material will protect the wooden beam of the floor from getting wet;
- the remaining voids are filled with backfill: soil mixed with crushed stone is poured, its ramming is carried out every 15 cm of the layer.
Important. The height of the foundation pillars is calculated so that the distance to the finishing floor of the extension is 30 cm.
Floor: wood or concrete
A concrete or wooden floor is arranged on a tape type foundation. The base on the pillars is obviously calculated for arranging a wooden floor. Let's take a look at both technologies.
Construction of the frame and walls
Wall structures are erected from timber, fastened to previously assembled crown beams of the strapping. Wall elements are assembled on a flat area in a horizontal position, and then the finished wall shield is mounted in a vertical position, or each beam is connected to the beam in series. Step-by-step instruction:
- On the lower strapping bars, every 50 cm, make a cut for vertical racks.
- Mount the racks, fixing with corners and screws.
- Assemble the top harness.
Frame erection - The veranda is connected to the house by attaching a vertical beam to the wall.
- Fix all racks adjacent to the house with anchor bolts.
- It is better to immediately sheathe the finished "skeleton" of the veranda from the outside with plywood, boards or OSB. This will give the structure rigidity.
- After erecting and insulating the roof, insert windows and doors.
Covering and roofing
Shed type of roof is combined with almost any roof of the house, therefore it is the most common configuration. Let's consider it.
Wall and floor insulation
Mineral wool is used as an insulating material for walls. The mats are easily and quickly laid between the frame bars, as can be seen in the photo. When laying insulation in several layers, the mats are shifted relative to each other in order to exclude heat loss through the connecting seams. The insulation is covered on both sides with a vapor and wind insulating material that will protect the material from the accumulation of moisture, and sheathed with a finishing material on top. Internal walls can be sheathed with chipboard, drywall and covered with wallpaper or lined with clapboard. For the exterior wall, use wood, siding, or materials that match the finish of the home.
The floor on wooden logs is insulated in the same way as walls: mineral wool is laid on the subfloor between the logs, having previously covered the boards with a waterproofing membrane. A second layer of waterproofing is laid on top of the insulation, and then leveled with plywood. After that, a fine floor covering is mounted.
A concrete floor can be insulated in the same way as a wooden floor, dry screed can be applied, a concrete screed can be made and water or electric heating can be installed.
Home craftsmen often overlook the need to comply with safety regulations. Use personal protective equipment and a well-functioning reliable tool, and then you will have only the warmest memories from the construction of the extension.
Frame extension on piles: video
