How to convert from millimeters of mercury to pascals. Normal atmospheric pressure for a person Unit of pressure in 1 mm Hg

Pressure is a physical quantity showing the acting force per unit area of ​​a surface perpendicular to this surface.
Pressure is defined as P = F / S, where P is pressure, F is pressure force, S is surface area. From this formula it can be seen that the pressure depends on the surface area of ​​the body acting with a certain force. The smaller the surface area, the greater the pressure.

The unit of pressure is newton per square meter (N/m2). We can also convert pressure units N/m2 to pascals, units of measurement named after the French scientist Blaise Pascal, who derived the so-called Pascal's Law. 1 N/m2 = 1 Pa.

What???

Pressure of gases and liquids - manometer, differential pressure gauge, vacuum meter, pressure sensor.
Atmospheric pressure - barometer.
Blood pressure - tonometer.

And so, once again, pressure is defined as P = F / S. The force in the gravitational field is equal to weight - F = m * g, where m is the mass of the body; g is the free fall acceleration. Then the pressure is
P = m * g / S. Using this formula, you can determine the pressure exerted by the body on the surface. For example, a person on the ground.

Atmospheric pressure decreases with height. The dependence of atmospheric pressure on altitude is determined by the barometric formula -
P = Po*exp(-µgh/RT). Where, μ = 0.029 kg/m3 is the molecular weight of the gas (air); g = 9.81 m/s2 is the free fall acceleration; h - ho - the difference between the height above sea level and the height taken at the beginning of the report (h=ho); R = 8.31 - J/mol K - gas constant; Ro - atmospheric pressure at a height taken as the reference point; T is the temperature in Kelvin.

It has been experimentally established that atmospheric pressure at sea level is approximately 760 mm Hg. Art. The standard atmospheric pressure is assumed to be 760 mm Hg. Art., or 101 325 Pa, hence the definition of a millimeter of mercury 101 325/760 Pa = 133.322 368, i.e. 1 mmHg Art. = 133.322 Pa.

mercury mercury(Russian Mark: mmHg mmHg

St.; international: mmHg Art.) is a non-systematic pressure measurement unit equal to 101 325/760 ≈ 133.32 368 4 Pa; sometimes called "Thor"(Russian tag - torr, International - Torr) in honor of the evangelists Torricelli.

In the Russian Federation, it is allowed to use a millimeter of mercury as outsourcing without limiting the duration of "medicine, meteorology, aviation" .

The International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML) in its recommendation applies the millimeter of mercury to units of measurement "which may be provisionally used before the date specified in national regulations, but cannot be determined if not used".

The source of this device is connected to a method of measuring atmospheric pressure using a barometer, in which the pressure is controlled by a liquid column. Liquid mercury is widely used because it has a very high density (≈13,600 kg/m3), which reduces the required liquid column height and low vapor pressure at room temperature.

Atmospheric pressure in the sea is about 760 mm Hg. The standard atmospheric pressure is assumed to be (exactly) 760 mmHg. Art. Or 101 325 Pa, so the definition of a millimeter of mercury (101 325/760 Pa) is assumed. Previously, a slightly different definition was used: the height of a mercury column is 1 mm and the density is 13.5951 x 103 kg / m³, the free fall acceleration is 9.806 65 m / s².

The difference between these two definitions is 0.000014%.

Pressure: a little history and units of measurement

Millimeters of mercury are used, for example, in vacuum engineering, meteorological reports, and blood pressure measurements. Because vacuum engineering is often pressure measured in millimeters, we simply omit the word "Hg" for the physical transition in micrometer (micron) vacuum systems, typically without "Hg" pressure.

When the vacuum pump shows a pressure of 25 microns, this is the last vacuum produced by this pump, measured in microns of the mercury column. Of course, no one uses a Torricelli gauge to measure such low pressures.

Use other instruments such as a McLeod gauge (vacuum gauge) to measure low pressure.

Sometimes millimeters of water (1 mmHg = 13,5951 mm of water.). The United States and Canada also use the "v. Hg" (inHg). one inches of mercury = 3386389 kPa at 0 °C

mm Hg, Torr, Torr) Water meter
(m water, m H2O) psi force
(Psi)

see

also [| the code]

Notes [| the code]

To find out how many millimeters of mercury are in the atmosphere, you need to use a simple web calculator. Enter the number of millimeters of mercury you want to change in the left box. In the field on the right you will see the result of the calculation.

If you need to convert millimeters to mercury or other atmospheric units, click on the appropriate link.

What is "millimeter mercury"

Additional system millimeter of mercury (mmHg)

R. mmHg Art.), sometimes called "torr", is equal to 101 325/760 ≈ 133 322 368 4 Pa. Atmospheric pressure was measured with a mercury barometer, hence the name of this unit of measure. At sea level, atmospheric pressure is approximately 760 mm Hg. Art. or 101 325 Pa, so the value is 101 325/760 Pa. This device is traditionally used in vacuum technology, blood pressure measurements and weather reporting.

Unit converter

Some instruments measure millimeters of water (1 mmHg, V = 13951 mm of water, V.) and "Hg" (Hg) = 3.386389 kPa at 0° found in the United States and Canada C .

What is "atmosphere"

A non-systematic pressure measurement unit that approximates atmospheric pressure at global sea level.

In addition, two units are the technical atmosphere (at, at) and the normal, standard or physical atmosphere (atm, atm). One technical atmosphere is a single perpendicular force of 1 kg of force on a flat surface of 1 cm2.

1 at. = 98.066.5 Pa. The standard atmosphere is a 760 mm mercury column with a mercury density of 13,595.04 kg/m³ and zero temperature.

1 atm = 101 325 Pa = 1.0323233 at. The Russian Federation uses only the technical atmosphere.

In the past, the terms "ata" and "ati" were used for absolute and gauge pressure. Overpressure is the difference between absolute and atmospheric pressure when the absolute is greater than atmospheric pressure.

The difference between atmospheric and absolute pressure, when the absolute pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure, is called vacuum (vacuum).

The definition of atmospheric pressure is very simple - it is Atmosphere pressure that is in it and on the surface of the planet. In other words, atmospheric pressure is the pressure of one column, which is on top, with an area of ​​1 square meter.

Atmospheric pressure measurement

The pressure units are pascal, rods and millimeters of mercury. The latter is used in barometers (special measuring instruments) and is understood by ordinary people, as many people use barometers.

Many people know that 760 mm of mercury normal pressure(this is the atmospheric pressure at sea, since it is accepted as the norm). Just add that it's ok at 0°C.
Another popular unit of measurement that is often used in physics is the pascal. The value of 101325 Pa is called normal pressure and corresponds to 760 mm of mercury.
Well, the last unit of measure is the bat.

1 bar = 100,000 Pa. In this case, the normal pressure is 1.01325 bar.

Has anyone heard the expression one atmosphere or three atmospheres, for example?

mercury mercury

Thus, the atmosphere in this case is called normal pressure (which we talked about above). But a pressure equal to three atmospheres cannot be called normal, since it is three times higher than normal.

To simplify the calculation, in the concept of chemistry standard atmospheric pressure.

This is almost the same as normal - 100,000 Pa (100 kPa) or 1 bar.

Man is far from being the king of nature, but her child, an integral part of the universe. We live in a world where everything is strictly interconnected and subject to one single system.

Everyone knows that the Earth is surrounded by a dense air mass, which is usually called the atmosphere. And on every object, including the human body, it “compresses” an air column that has a certain weight. Scientists experimentally found that every square centimeter of the human body is affected by atmospheric pressure weighing 1033 kilograms.

And if you do simple mathematical calculations, it turns out that the average person is under pressure of 15550 kg.

The weight is huge, but thankfully it's completely insensitive. Perhaps this is due to the fact that dissolved oxygen exists in human blood.
What is the effect of atmospheric pressure on a person? A little more about this.

Atmospheric pressure norm

Doctors who talk about what atmospheric pressure is considered normal show a range of 750 ... 760 mm Hg.

Such a distribution is quite acceptable, since the relief of the planet is not entirely uniform.

Meteorological dependence

Doctors say that some people's bodies can adapt to all conditions.

Even such serious tests as long-distance flights from one climatic zone to another are not at all for them.

At the same time, others who do not leave their homes feel the approach of weather changes. This can come in the form of severe headaches, unexplained weakness, or constantly wet hands, for example.

These people are more likely to have vascular and endocrine disorders than others.

It is especially difficult if the atmospheric pressure is a sharp jump in a short time. According to statistics, most of the people whose body reacts so strongly to changes in atmospheric pressure are women living in large cities.

Unfortunately, the rigid rhythm of life, overpopulation, ecology are not the best followers of health.

If you want, you can get rid of the addiction. Just keep going and constantly have to be. Methods are known to all. This is the basis of a healthy lifestyle: hardening, swimming, walking, running, healthy eating, adequate sleep, elimination of bad habits, weight loss.

How does our body react to increased atmospheric pressure?

Atmospheric pressure (standard for humans) is an ideal 760 mm Hg. But this indicator is very rare.

Due to the increase in atmospheric pressure, clear weather conditions, there are no sharp changes in humidity and air temperature. Such changes actively respond to the body of hypertension and allergies.

In a situation in the city, without wind, it is natural to pollute the gas.

First, patients with respiratory diseases.

An increase in atmospheric pressure also affects the immune system.

Conversion of millimeters of mercury to the atmosphere

This is reflected in the decrease in leukocytes in the blood. A weakened body will not easily control infections.

Doctors advise:

Start your day with light morning exercises. Take a contrast shower. For breakfast, give priority to foods that contain a lot of potassium (cottage cheese, raisins, dried apricots, bananas). Don't allow more food.

Do not eat. This day is not the most successful for great physical effort and emotions. When you get home, take a one hour break, do your regular housework, leave early.

Low atmospheric pressure and good health

Low atmospheric pressure, that's how much? You can answer the conditional question if the barometer reading is less than 750 mm.st. But it all depends on where you live.

Especially for Moscow, the figures are 748-749 mm Hg. are the norm.

Among the first, I think it is an aberration of the "core" and those with intracranial pressure. Complaints in general are nausea, frequent migraines, lack of oxygen, shortness of breath and pain in the intestines.

Doctors advise:

Get your blood pressure back to normal.

Reduce physical activity. Every working hour brings ten minutes of rest. Drink fluids more often, prefer green tea with honey. Drink your morning coffee. Take the herbal tinctures indicated for sails. Relax in the evening under a contrast shower. Go to bed before your usual hour.

How changes in humidity affect your body

Low humidity of 30-40% is not helpful. This irritates the nasal mucosa. First, these abnormalities are the first, asthma and allergies.

To help in this case, the nosopharynx mucosa can be moistened with a slightly saline aqueous solution.

Frequent precipitation, of course, increases the humidity of the air to 70-90 percent. It also has a negative effect on health.
High humidity can cause worsening of chronic kidney and joint diseases.

Doctors advise:

If possible, change the climate to dry. Reduce holding time in wet weather. Go for a walk in warm clothes. Remember vitamins

Atmospheric pressure and temperature

The optimum temperature for a person in a room is not higher than +18.

This is especially true for the bedroom.

How does the interaction between atmospheric pressure and oxygen develop?

In the case of an increase in air temperature and a simultaneous decrease in atmospheric pressure, people suffering from diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory organs suffer.

If the temperature drops and atmospheric pressure rises, it becomes bad for hypertensives, asthmatics, and patients with stomach and genitourinary problems.

In the case of sharp and multiple fluctuations in temperature, an unbearably large amount of histamine, the main pathogen that causes allergies, is formed in the body.

Good to know

What is normal atmospheric pressure for a person you know now?

This is 760 mm Hg. St., but such barometers are very rare.

It is also important to know that the change in atmospheric pressure with height (during a rapid descent) is quite dramatic. Because of this difference, a person who quickly climbs a mountain can lose consciousness.

In Russia, atmospheric pressure is measured in mm Hg. Art. But the international system has its own unit of measure, the pascal.

At the same time, the normal atmospheric pressure in pascals will be 100 kPa. If you convert our 760mmHg. in Pascal, the normal atmospheric pressure in Pascals for our country will be 101.3 kPa.

In weather forecasts, barometric pressure is often expressed in mmHg. In science, more conventional units are used - Pascals. Of course, there is a clear connection between them.

Instruction

1. Pascal is the SI unit for pressure. Pascal has the unit of kg/ms². 1 Pascal is the pressure that exerts a force of 1 Newton per 1 m² of area.

2. 1 mm of mercury is a non-systemic unit of pressure, it is used in relation to the pressure of gases: atmosphere, water vapor, vacuum. The name describes the physical essence of this unit: such pressure on the base is a mercury column 1 mm high. The exact, physical, definition of the unit also includes the density of mercury and the acceleration of free fall.

3. 1 mm Hg = 133.322 N / m² or 133 Pa. Thus, if we talk about a pressure of 760 mm Hg, then in Pascals we get the following: 760 * 133.322 \u003d 101325 Pa, or approximately 101 kPa.

Pressure- a physical quantity that shows how much force acts on a particular surface. Bodies whose substances are in different states of aggregation (solid, liquid and gaseous) exert pressure by perfectly different methods. For example, if you put a piece of cheese in a jar, then it will only press on the bottom of the jar, and the milk poured into the same place acts with force on the bottom and walls of the vessel. In the international system of measurement, pressure is measured in pascals. But there are other units of measurement: millimeters of mercury, newtons divided by kilograms, kilos pascals, hecto pascals etc. The relationship between these quantities is established mathematically.

Instruction

1. The Pascal unit of pressure is named after the French scientist Blaise Pascal. It is designated as follows: Pa. When solving problems and in practice, quantities that have multiples or submultiple decimal prefixes are applicable. Let's say kilo pascals, hecto pascals, milli pascals, mega pascals etc. To convert these values ​​to pascals, you need to know the mathematical value of the prefix. All available prefixes can be found in any physical directory. Example1. 1 kPa = 1000 Pa (one kilopascal is equal to one thousand pascals). 1 hPa = 100 Pa (one hectopascal is equal to one hundred pascals). 1mPa = 0.001Pa (one millipascal is equal to zero integers, one thousandth of a pascal).

2. Pressure solids are usually measured in pascals. But what is physically equal to one pascal? Based on the definition of pressure, the formula for its calculation is calculated and the unit of measurement is displayed. Pressure equal to the ratio of the force acting perpendicular to the support to the surface area of ​​this support. p=F/S, where p is the pressure, measured in Pascals, F is the force, measured in Newtons, S is the surface area, measured in square meters. It turns out that 1 Pa \u003d 1N / (m) squared. Example 2. 56 N/(m) squared = 56 Pa.

3. Pressure The air envelope of the Earth is usually called atmospheric pressure and is measured not in pascals, but in millimeters of mercury (hereinafter, mm Hg). In 1643, the Italian scientist Torricelli proposed a skill for measuring atmospheric pressure, in which a glass tube with mercury was used (see “mercury column”). He also measured that the typical pressure of the atmosphere is 760 mm Hg. Art., which is numerically equal to 101325 pascals. Then, 1 mm Hg. ~ 133.3 Pa. In order to convert millimeters of mercury to pascals, you need to multiply this value by 133.3. Example 3. 780 mmHg Art. \u003d 780 * 133.3 \u003d 103974 Pa ~ 104 kPa.

In 1960, the International System of Units (SI) entered into force, in which Newton was included as a unit of force. This is a "derived unit", that is, it can be expressed in terms of other SI units. According to Newton's second law, the force is equal to the product of the body's mass and its acceleration. Mass in the SI system is measured in kilograms, and acceleration in meters and seconds, therefore 1 Newton is defined as the product of 1 kilogram by 1 meter divided by a second squared.

Instruction

1. Use the exponent 0.10197162 to convert to Newtons quantities measured in units with the name "kilogram-force" (denoted as kgf or kg). Such units are often used in calculations in construction, because they are prescribed in the regulatory documents SNiP (“Building Norms and Rules”). This unit considers the standard force of gravity of the Earth and one kilogram-force can be represented as the force with which a weight of one kilogram presses on the scales somewhere on the sea level near the equator of our planet. To convert the famous kgf number to Newtons, it must be divided by the above figure. Let's say 100 kgf = 100 / 0.10197162 = 980.66501 N.

2. Use your math skills and trained memory to perform mental calculations to convert quantities measured in kgf to Newtons. If there are any snags with this, then use a calculator - say, the one that Microsoft carefully inserts into the entire distribution of the Windows operating system. In order to open it, you need to delve into the main OS menu for three tiers. First, click the "Start" button to see the items of the first tier, then expand the "Programs" section to access the second, and then go to the "Typical" subsection to the lines of the third tier of the menu. Click on the one that says "Calculator".

3. Highlight and copy (CTRL + C) on this page the conversion rate from kgf to Newtons (0.10197162). After that, switch to the calculator interface and paste the copied value (CTRL + V) - it's easier than manually typing a nine-digit number. Then click the slash button and enter the famous value measured in kilogram-force units. Click the button with the equal sign and the calculator will calculate and show you the value of this quantity in Newtons.

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Bar is a unit of pressure that is not included in any system of units. However, it is used in the domestic GOST 7664-61 "Mechanical units". On the other hand, in our country the international SI system is used, in which a unit called “Pascal” is prepared for measuring pressure. Fortunately, the relationship between them is easy to remember, so converting values ​​from one unit of measure to another is not particularly difficult.

Instruction

1. Multiply the value measured in bars by one hundred thousand in order to convert this value into Pascals. If the translated value is larger than one, then it is more comfortable to use not Pascals, but more large derivatives of it. Let's say a pressure of 20 bar is equal to 2,000,000 Pascals or 2 megaPascals.

2. Calculate the required value in your mind. This should not be difficult, because each one only needs to move the decimal point in the initial number by six places. If, nevertheless, there are any difficulties with this operation, then it is allowed to use online calculators, and even better online converters. Let's say it can be a service built into the Google search engine: it combines both a calculator and a converter. In order to use it, go to the search engine website and enter an appropriately defined search query. Say, if you need to convert a pressure value equal to 20 bar to Pascals, then the query might look like this: “20 bar to Pascals”. After entering the request, it will be sent to the server and processed mechanically, that is, it is not required to press the button in order to see the result.

3. Use the built-in Windows calculator if you don't have internet access. It also has built-in functions for converting values ​​from one unit to another. To launch this application, press the key combination WIN + R, then type the command calc and press the Enter key.

4. Expand the "View" section in the calculator's menu and select the "Conversion" item in it. Select "Pressure" from the "Category" drop-down list. In the "Initial value" list, set "bar". In the Final Value list, click pascal.

5. Click the calculator input field, type in the famous value in bars and click the "Translate" button. The calculator will display the equivalent of this value in Pascals in the input field.

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To date, there are two systems of measurement - metric and non-metric. The latter includes inches, feet and miles, while the metric one includes millimeters, centimeters, meters and kilometers. The non-metric system of measures, as usual, is used in the USA and the countries of the British Commonwealth. Historically, it has been much easier for Americans to measure things in inches than in meters.

Instruction

1. It has long been believed that an inch determines the average length of the phalanx of the thumb. In the old days, measurements of small objects, as usual, were carried out manually. And so it happened. After that, the inch became the official system of measures in many countries of the world. It is worth noting that the size of an inch in some countries varies within tenths of a centimeter. The accepted standard is the size of the English inch. In order to convert inches to millimeters, take a calculator and, using the ratio 1 inch \u003d 25.4 millimeters, calculate the length and dimensions of an object in the usual calculus for us. To do this, type a certain number in inches on the calculator, press “multiply” (traditionally, this mathematical parameter corresponds to the * icon), enter the number 25.4 and press “=”. The numbers that will be displayed on the monitor screen and will correspond to the length value in millimeters. If you want to convert centimeters to inches, then perform the same manipulations correctly with the support of the calculator. Only instead of the number 25.4, enter 2.54. The last number answers the question of how many centimeters are in an inch.

2. If you ever visit overseas highways, you will see that distances are measured in miles. And one mile is equal to 1.609344 kilometers. Perform simple calculations and you will find out the distance to a certain settlement in kilometers. Now, knowing how to convert inches to centimeters and millimeters, you will easily navigate in foreign length values. This is doubly significant if, on duty, you often come into contact with overseas documentation, where inch and foot values ​​\u200b\u200bare widely used. Therefore, in order to quickly navigate these values, always have a calculator with you, one that will help you instantly convert inches to centimeters or millimeters. Traditionally, every mobile phone has a calculator. So you avoid the extra expense of buying an extra computing accessory.

Pascals (Pa, Ra) are the core system unit of pressure (SI). But much more often a multiple unit is used - kilopascal (kPa, kPa). The fact is that one pascal is a hefty small pressure by human standards. One hundred grams of liquid will exert such pressure, evenly distributed over the surface of the coffee table. If one pascal is compared with atmospheric pressure, then it will be each only one hundred thousandth of it.

You will need

• - calculator;
• - pencil;
• - paper.

Instruction

1. In order to convert the pressure given in pascals to kilopascals, multiply the number of pascals by 0.001 (or divide by 1000). In the form of a formula, this rule can be written as follows: Kkp = Kp * 0.001 or Kkp = Kp / 1000, where: Kkp is the number of kilopascals, Kp is the number of pascals.

2. Example: typical atmospheric pressure is considered to be 760 mmHg. Art., or 101325 pascals. Question: how many kilopascals is typical atmospheric pressure? Solution: divide the number of pascals by 1000: 101325 / 1000 \u003d 101.325 (kPa). Result: typical atmospheric pressure is 101 kilopascals.

3. To divide the number of pascals by 1000, easily move the decimal point three digits to the left (as in the example above): 101325 -> 101.325.

4. If the pressure is less than 100 Pa, then to convert it to kilopascals, add the missing insignificant zeros to the number on the left. Example: how many kilopascals will be the pressure of one pascal? Solution: 1 Pa = 0001 Pa = 0.001 kPa. Result: 0.001 kPa.

5. When solving physical problems, keep in mind that pressure can be specified in other pressure units. Exceptionally often when measuring pressure, there is such a unit as N / m? (newton per square meter). In reality, this unit is equivalent to pascal, because it is its definition.

6. Officially, the pressure unit pascal (N/m?) is also equivalent to the unit of energy density (J/m?). However, from a physical point of view, these units describe different physical properties. Therefore, do not record pressure as J/m?.

7. If a lot of other physical quantities appear in the conditions of the problem, then you make the conversion of pascals to kilopascals at the end of the solution of the problem. The fact is that pascals are a system unit and if the other parameters are indicated in SI units, then the result will be in pascals (of course, if pressure was determined).

In order to correctly solve problems, it is necessary to ensure that the units of measurement of quantities correspond to the whole system. Usually, an international system of measurements is used to solve mathematical and physical problems. If the values ​​are given in other systems, they must be converted to international (SI).

You will need

• – tables of multiples and submultiples;
• - calculator.

Instruction

1. One of the main quantities that are measured in applied sciences is length. Usually it was measured in steps, elbows, transitions, versts, etc. Today, the standard unit of length is 1 meter. The fractional values ​​from it are centimeters, millimeters, etc. For example, in order to convert centimeters to meters, you need to divide them by 100. If the length is measured in kilometers, convert it to meters by multiplying by 1000. To convert national units of length, use the appropriate indicators.

2. Time is measured in seconds. Other famous time units are minutes and hours. To convert minutes to seconds, multiply them by 60. Converting hours to seconds is done by multiplying by 3600. Let's say, if the time during which the event happened is 3 hours and 17 minutes, then convert it to seconds like this: 3? 3600 + 17? 60=11820 s.

3. Speed, as a derivative quantity, is measured in meters per second. Another famous unit of measurement is kilometers per hour. To convert the speed to m/s, multiply it by 1000 and divide by 3600. Let's say if the speed of a cyclist is 18 km/h, then this value in m/s will be equal to 18×1000/3600=5 m/s.

4. Area and volume are measured respectively in m? them?. When translating, observe the multiplicity of values. Say, in order to translate cm? in m?, divide their number not by 100, but by 100? = 1000000.

5. Temperature is usually measured in degrees Celsius. But in most problems it needs to be converted to absolute values ​​(Kelvins). To do this, add the number 273 to the temperature in degrees Celsius.

6. The unit of measurement for pressure in the international system is Pascal. But often in technology, a unit of measurement of 1 atmosphere is used. For translation, use the ratio 1 atm.? 101000 Pa.

7. Power in the international system is measured in watts. Another well-known unit of measure, in particular, used for collation of an automobile engine is horsepower. To convert values, use the ratio 1 horsepower = 735 watts. Let's say, if the motor of a car has a power of 86 horsepower, then in watts it is equal to 86 × 735 = 63210 watts or 63.21 kilowatts.

Pascals measure the pressure that a force F acts on a surface whose area is S. Conversely, 1 Pascal (1 Pa) is the magnitude of the effect of a force of 1 Newton (1 N) on an area of ​​1 m?. But there are other units of pressure, one of which is megapascal. Because what to convert megapascals to pascals?

You will need

• Calculator.

Instruction

1. In advance, you need to deal with those units of pressure that are between pascal and megapascal. There are 1000 Kilopascals (KPa), 10000 Hectopascals (GPa), 1000000 Decapascals (DaPa) and 10000000 Pascals in 1 megapascal (MPa). This means that in order to convert pascal to megapascal, you need to build 10 Pa to the power of “6” or multiply 1 Pa by 10 seven times.

2. In the first step, it became clear what to do in order to make a direct transition from small pressure units to larger ones. Now, in order to do the opposite, you need to multiply the existing value in megapascals by 10 seven times. On the contrary, 1 MPa = 10,000,000 Pa.

3. For greater simplicity and clarity, it is possible to see an example: in an industrial propane cylinder, the pressure is 9.4 MPa. How many Pascals will be the same pressure? The solution of this problem requires the use of the above method: 9.4 MPa * 10000000 = 94000000 Pa. (94 million Pascals). Result: in an industrial cylinder, the propane pressure on its walls is 94,000,000 Pa.

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Note!
It is worth noting that much more often not the classical unit of pressure is used, but the so-called “atmosphere” (atm). 1 atm = 0.1 MPa and 1 MPa = 10 atm. For the example considered above, another result will also be objective: the propane pressure of the cylinder wall is 94 atm. It is also acceptable to use other units, such as: - 1 bar \u003d 100000 Pa - 1 mm Hg (millimeter of mercury) \u003d 133.332 Pa - 1 m of water. Art. (meter of water column) = 9806.65 Pa

Useful advice
Pressure is denoted by the letter P. Based on the information given above, the formula for finding pressure will look like this: P \u003d F / S, where F is the force on the area S. Pascal is the unit of measurement used in the SI system. In the CGS system (“Centimeter-Gram-Second”), pressure is measured in g / (cm * s?).

The density of mercury, at room temperature and typical atmospheric pressure, is 13,534 kilograms per cubic meter, or 13.534 grams per cubic centimeter. Mercury is the densest liquid known to date. It is 13.56 times denser than water.

Density and its units

Density or bulk density of the mass of a substance is the mass of this substance per unit volume. More often than not, the Greek letter rho - ? is used to designate it. Mathematically, density is defined as the ratio of mass to volume. In the International System of Units (SI), density is measured in kilograms per cubic meter. That is, one cubic meter of mercury weighs 13 and a half tons. In the previous SI system, CGS (centimeter-gram-second), it was measured in grams per cubic centimeter. In the traditional systems of units still in use today in the United States and inherited from the British Imperial System of Units, density may be given in ounces per cubic inch, pounds per cubic inch, pounds per cubic foot, pounds per cubic yard, pounds per gallon, pounds per bushel and others. To facilitate the comparison of density between different systems of units, it is sometimes indicated as a dimensionless quantity - relative density. Relative density - the ratio of the density of a substance to a certain standard, as usual, to the density of water. Thus, a relative density less than one means that the substance floats in water. Substances with a density less than 13.56 will float in mercury. As you can see in the picture, a coin made of a metal alloy with a relative density of 7.6 floats in a container of mercury. The density depends on temperature and pressure. As the pressure increases, the volume of the material decreases and, consequently, the density increases. As the temperature increases, the volume of a substance increases and the density decreases.

Some properties of mercury

The property of mercury to change density when heated has found use in thermometers. As the temperature rises, mercury expands more evenly than other liquids. Mercury thermometers are allowed to take measurements in a wide temperature range: from -38.9 degrees, when mercury freezes, to 356.7 degrees, when mercury boils. The upper limit of measurements is easy to raise by increasing pressure. In a medical thermometer, due to the high density of mercury, the temperature remains exactly at the same level as it was in the patient's armpit or in another place where the measurement was taken. When the mercury tank of the thermometer is cooled, part of the mercury still remains in the capillary. Mercury is driven back into the tank by shaking the thermometer sharply, informing the heavy mercury column of an acceleration many times greater than the acceleration of free flight. True, now in medical institutions in a number of countries they are zealous to abandon mercury thermometers. The reason is the toxicity of mercury. Getting into the lungs, mercury vapor stays there for a long time and poisons every organism. The typical work of the central nervous system and kidneys is disrupted.

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Note!
Atmospheric pressure is measured with the support of a barometer, in which just a column of mercury is present. In addition to these 2 units, there are other units: bars, atmospheres, mm of water column, etc. 1 mm of mercury is also called torr.

• The unit of pressure in SI-pascal (Russian designation: Pa; international: Pa) \u003d N / m 2
• Conversion table for pressure units. Pa; MPa; bar; atm; mmHg.; mm w.st.; m w.st., kg / cm 2; psf; psi inches Hg; in.st. below
• Note, there are 2 tables and a list. Here's another useful link:

Detailed list of pressure units, one pascal is:

• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.0000102 Atmosphere "metric" / Atmosphere (metric)
• 1 Pa (N/m 2) = 0.0000099 Atmosphere (standard) = Standard atmosphere
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.00001 Bar / Bar
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 10 Barad / Barad
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.0007501 Centimeters of mercury. Art. (0°C)
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.0101974 Centimeters in. Art. (4°C)
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 10 dyne / square centimeter
• 1 Pa (N/m 2) = 0.0003346 Foot of water / Foot of water (4 °C)
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 10 -9 Gigapascals
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.01
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.0002953 Dumov Hg / Inch of mercury (0 °C)
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.0002961 Inches of mercury. Art. / Inch of mercury (15.56 °C)
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.0040186 Dumov w.st. / Inch of water (15.56 °C)
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.0040147 Dumov w.st. / Inch of water (4 °C)
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.0000102 kgf / cm 2 / Kilogram force / centimetre 2
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.0010197 kgf / dm 2 / Kilogram force / decimetre 2
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.101972 kgf / m 2 / Kilogram force / meter 2
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 10 -7 kgf / mm 2 / Kilogram force / millimeter 2
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 10 -3 kPa
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 10 -7 Kilopound force / square inch / Kilopound force / square inch
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 10 -6 MPa
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.000102 Meters w.st. / Meter of water (4 °C)
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 10 Microbar / Microbar (barye, barrie)
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 7.50062 Microns of mercury / Micron of mercury (millitorr)
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.01 Milibar / Millibar
• 1 Pa (N/m 2) = 0.0075006 (0 °C)
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.10207 Millimeters of w.st. / Millimeter of water (15.56 °C)
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.10197 Millimeters w.st. / Millimeter of water (4 °C)
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 7.5006 Millitorr / Millitorr
• 1 Pa (N/m2) = 1N/m2 / Newton/square meter
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 32.1507 Daily ounces / sq. inch / Ounce force (avdp)/square inch
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.0208854 Pounds of force per sq. foot / Pound force/square foot
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.000145 Pounds of force per sq. inch / Pound force/square inch
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.671969 Poundals per sq. foot / Poundal/square foot
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.0046665 Poundals per sq. inch / Poundal/square inch
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.0000093 Long tons per sq. foot / Ton (long)/foot 2
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 10 -7 Long tons per sq. inch / Ton(long)/inch 2
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.0000104 Short tons per sq. foot / Ton (short)/foot 2
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 10 -7 Tons per sq. inch / Ton/inch 2
• 1 Pa (N / m 2) \u003d 0.0075006 Torr / Torr

• pressure in pascals and atmospheres, convert pressure to pascals
• atmospheric pressure is equal to XXX mm Hg. express it in pascals
• gas pressure units - translation
• liquid pressure units - translation

Man is far from being the king of nature, but rather her child, an integral part of the universe. We live in a world where everything is strictly interconnected and subject to a single system.

Everyone knows that the Earth is surrounded by a dense air mass, which is commonly called the atmosphere. And any object, including the human body, is “pressed” by an air column that has a certain weight. Scientists empirically managed to establish that each square centimeter of the human body is affected by atmospheric pressure weighing 1.033 kilograms. And if you carry out simple mathematical calculations, it turns out that on average a person is under pressure of 15550 kg.

The weight is colossal, but, fortunately, completely imperceptible. Perhaps this is due to the presence of dissolved oxygen in human blood.
What is the effect of atmospheric pressure on a person? A little more about this.

Atmospheric pressure norm

Doctors, in a conversation about what atmospheric pressure is considered normal, indicate a range of 750 ... .760 mm Hg. Such a spread is quite acceptable, since the relief of the planet is not perfectly even.

Meteorological dependence

Doctors say that the body of some people is able to adapt to any conditions. They do not even care about such serious tests as long-distance flights by plane from one climatic zone to another.

At the same time, others, without leaving their apartment, feel the approach of changes in the weather. This can manifest itself in the form of severe headaches, inexplicable weakness, or constantly wet palms, for example. Such people are more likely to be diagnosed with diseases of the vessels and the endocrine system.

It is especially difficult when atmospheric pressure makes a sharp jump in a short time. According to statistics, most of the people whose body reacts so violently to changes in atmospheric pressure indicators are women living in large cities. Unfortunately, the rigid rhythm of life, overcrowding, ecology are not the best companions of health.

You can get rid of addiction if you want. You just need to be persistent and consistent. Everyone knows the methods. These are the basics of a healthy lifestyle: hardening, swimming, walking, running, healthy eating, adequate sleep, elimination of bad habits, weight loss.

How does our body react to increased atmospheric pressure?

Atmospheric pressure (norm for a person) - ideally 760 mm Hg. But such an indicator is very rarely kept.

As a result of an increase in pressure in the atmosphere, clear weather is established, there are no sharp changes in humidity and air temperature. The body of hypertensive patients and allergy sufferers actively reacts to such changes.

In the conditions of the city, in calm weather, naturally, gas pollution makes itself felt. The first to feel this are patients who have a problem with the respiratory organs.

An increase in atmospheric pressure also affects the immune system. Specifically, this is expressed in a decrease in leukocytes in the blood. It will not be easy for a weakened body to cope with infections.

Doctors advise:

Start the day with light morning exercises. Take a contrast shower. For breakfast, give preference to foods that are high in potassium (cottage cheese, raisins, dried apricots, bananas). Don't allow yourself to eat too much. Don't overeat. This day is not the most successful for great physical effort and the manifestation of emotions. Arriving home, rest for an hour, do routine household chores, go to bed earlier than usual.

Low atmospheric pressure and well-being

Low atmospheric pressure, how much is it? Answering the question, we can conditionally say if the barometer reading is lower than 750 mm Hg. But it all depends on where you live. In particular, for Moscow, indicators of 748-749 mm Hg. are the norm.

Among the first to feel this deviation from the norm are “cores” and those who have intracranial pressure. They complain of general weakness, frequent migraines, lack of oxygen, shortness of breath, as well as pain in the intestines.

Doctors advise:

Bring your blood pressure back to normal. Reduce physical stress. Include ten minutes of rest in every working hour. Drink more liquid, preferring green tea with honey. Drink morning coffee. Take herbal tinctures indicated for cores. Relax in the evenings under a contrast shower. Go to bed earlier than usual.

How changes in humidity affect the body

Low air humidity of 30 - 40 percent is not useful. It irritates the nasal mucosa. Asthmatics and allergy sufferers are the first to feel this deviation. In this case, moisturizing the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx with a slightly salty aqueous solution can help.

Frequent precipitation naturally raises the air humidity to 70-90 percent. It also negatively affects health.
High air humidity can exacerbate chronic diseases of the kidneys and joints.

Doctors advise:

Change the climate, if possible, to dry. Reduce your time outdoors in wet weather. Go for a walk in warm clothes. Remember vitamins

Atmospheric pressure and temperature

The optimum temperature for a person in a room is not higher than +18. This is especially true for the bedroom.

How is the mutual influence of atmospheric pressure and oxygen formed?

In the case of an increase in air temperature and a simultaneous decrease in atmospheric pressure, people with diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory organs suffer.

If the temperature drops and atmospheric pressure rises, it becomes bad for hypertensive patients, asthmatics and those who have problems with the stomach and genitourinary system.

In the case of a sharp and repeated fluctuation in temperature, an unacceptably large amount of histamine, the main provocateur of allergies, is produced in the body.

Good to know

What is the normal atmospheric pressure for a person, now you know. This is 760 mm Hg, but the barometer records such indicators very rarely.

It is also important to remember that the change in atmospheric pressure with height (while it rapidly decreases) occurs quite sharply. It is because of such a drop that a person climbing a mountain very quickly can lose consciousness.

In Russia, atmospheric pressure is measured in mm Hg. But the international system takes pascals as a unit of measurement. In this case, the normal atmospheric pressure in pascals will be equal to 100 kPa. If we convert our 760 mm Hg. in pascals, then the normal atmospheric pressure in pascals for our country will be 101.3 kPa.