Are mosquito repellants harmful? Mosquito repellent is dangerous to humans Symptoms of gardex poisoning from mosquitoes

Preparations

Allethrin, bioresmetrin, permethrin, fenvalerate 7, phenothrin, cismetrin. Trade names - "Bang-Bang", "Phenozol-L", "Fumitoks", "Nittifor".

Toxic action

Neurotoxic (central and peripheral), associated with a violation of sodium transport through the membranes of nerve cells.
Toxicokinetics

Routes of entry into the body: percutaneous, oral, inhalation. Biotransformation in the liver by enzymatic hydrolysis and oxidation. Rapid (about a day) excretion from the body with urine and feces. The lethal dose for rats is 165 mg/kg.

Clinic and symptoms

In case of industrial poisoning (inhalation or percutaneous), 4-6 hours after contact with the toxicant, itching and burning of the skin of the face (paresthesia), dizziness, and weakness appear. With household oral poisoning, nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, dizziness, weakness, muscle twitching (fibrillation), convulsions are noted after 10-60 minutes, rarely - loss of consciousness, shortness of breath, pulmonary edema. In the differential diagnosis with FOS poisoning, they are guided by normal cholinesterase activity. The prognosis is favorable even with severe poisoning.

Treatment

Detoxification. With external exposure - removing clothes, toilet with soap and water or a weak solution of soda, washing eyes. If ingested: gastric lavage, enterosorption, saline laxatives (sodium sulfate), forced diuresis, sodium hypochlorite in a vein, in a coma - hemosorption.

There are no antidotes.

Symptomatic therapy: infusion of colloid and crystalloid solutions, with convulsions - diazepam in a vein, with hepatopathy - hepatoprotective therapy.

Diethyltoluamide (N, N-diethyl-3-toluamide, dit).

APPLICATION

Applied to the skin as a repellant, i.e. to repel and prevent mosquito bites, other blood-sucking dipterous insects, fleas. This compound has no effect on stinging insects. It is used in the form of lotions, bars, aerosols or moistened wipes. The concentration of the active component varies from 5 to 100%.

TOXIC ACTION

This repellent in a large dose has a neurotoxic effect. Repeated application to the skin may cause rash and dermatitis. Severe poisoning is rare. This usually occurs as a result of swallowing a large amount of concentrated product or skin contact over several weeks. In children, poisoning occurs more often than in adults, in girls more often than in boys. In rare cases, acute poisoning in children leads to brain damage.

Symptoms

When swallowed, small amounts of the repellent or low concentrations of the active ingredient cause nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.

After swallowing a concentrated product containing a high dose of the active ingredient, loss of consciousness, convulsions, signs of liver damage are observed after 30 minutes-6 hours. In rare cases, acute poisoning in children causes encephalopathy [slurred speech, unsteady gait, abnormal movements of the fingers and toes, tremor (trembling), seizures, shallow breathing], low blood pressure, rapid pulse.

After contact with eyes: irritation, which in the case of a concentrated product can be severe.
After contact with the skin, if the solution is concentrated (>50%): burning sensation, blisters and ulcers.
With repeated use: redness and rash, signs of poisoning if large amounts of the substance are used.

Treatment

You should induce vomiting, if it is absent - wash the stomach, give activated charcoal 50 g orally and water.

Treatment is symptomatic with active detoxification.

In rare cases, children are diagnosed with toxic encephalopathy, which can be confused with viral encephalitis or epilepsy. In accordance with the indications, maintenance therapy is carried out, including oxygen therapy and apparatus breathing. In case of seizures, increased muscle tone, opisthotonus or tremor, diazepam or phenobarbital is administered.

Diazepam doses for intravenous injection: for adults: 10-20 mg at a rate of 0.5 ml (2.5 mg) in 30 seconds; if necessary, repeat after 30-60 minutes, for children: 200 mcg / kg body weight.

Conditionally poisoning in cats can be divided into several categories:

Chemical poisoning. Of course, a cat that voluntarily tastes bleach or mosquito liquid is a rare occurrence, but nevertheless, animals are poisoned with chemicals quite often. The fact is that these animals are very clean: they lick their fur, muzzle, paws, on the surface of which chemicals may be contained. Poorly washed shampoo, flea and tick remedies can also cause severe poisoning. For many cats, human cosmetics are also attractive - soap with a delicious smell or cream from a tube. Substances can also enter the body of an animal by inhalation - nicotine smoke, vapors of paint, varnish, gasoline, deodorant are dangerous for cats;
Medicines. Even without going outside, a cat can get poisoned, in particular, by drugs that the owners have forgotten. Aspirin, no-shpa, sedatives - this is not a complete list of drugs that cats can taste.
Chemistry and plants. Rat poison, insecticides, herbicides that accidentally get on the animal's fur lead to poisoning. Also, some plants can have this effect, even if the animal just gnawed a leaf.
Food poisoning. As a rule, cats can also get poisoned by food, although these animals are very sensitive to preservatives and will not eat expired food, but the foods that people give from their table negatively affect the cat's body. Chocolate, smoked meats, spicy foods, etc. can also cause severe food poisoning;
Bites. Bites from spiders, poisonous snakes, and insects can also cause a severe allergic reaction and poisoning, but they cannot be treated with traditional methods. In this case, time is precious, contact a specialist - he will select an antidote and a treatment program.

Symptoms of poisoning in cats

Signs of poisoning can be different, the degree of their manifestation depends on the type of toxic substance, quantity, route of entry into the body, time of exposure, and the state of health of the cat. The most characteristic symptoms are salivation, lack of appetite, lethargy, vomiting, diarrhea, impaired coordination of movements, excessive excitement, convulsions, dilated pupils. Be sure to contact your veterinarian to provide qualified assistance to the animal, but you can provide first aid yourself.

First aid for poisoning in cats

If the toxic substance has got on the coat or skin, you must immediately clean it with soap and warm water, do not use special products and shampoos - this can worsen the condition of the animal.

If a cat has swallowed an acid, solvent, or alkali, vomiting should not be induced as these substances will continue to act as they move down the esophagus. It is necessary to give the cat a drink with substances that can neutralize the effect of the drug: when swallowing alkali - apple cider vinegar or lemon juice diluted with water, when swallowing acid - beaten egg white with water. The easiest way to drink the animal is from a small syringe or syringe without a needle. It is more convenient if you can swaddle a cat, but you can’t throw back her head - drink in a horizontal position. If the animal is unconscious, very weak, or there is a violation of swallowing functions - you can not give drugs, wait for the veterinarian. It makes no sense to induce vomiting if more than 3 hours have passed since the moment of poisoning - most of the toxic substances have already been absorbed into the bloodstream or moved into the intestines.

Provided that less than 3 hours have passed and the case is not one of the above, you need to give the cat an emetic. It can be table salt in a ratio of 1:4 - 1 part salt to 4 parts water. A solution of hydrogen peroxide in equal proportions with water, pour in a little, every 10 minutes. Water is given as much as necessary to open vomiting. You can simply pour a large amount of boiled water into the cat, in the clinic the animal is washed with a probe, but at home a regular syringe without a needle is also suitable - the main thing is to induce vomiting and then prevent dehydration.

After the stomach of the animal has cleared, you need to give it a sorbent: crushed activated carbon, Atoxil, Enterosgel and other drugs are mixed with water and the resulting suspension is given to the pet. When bitten by poisonous animals and insects, a specific antidote is administered - this is done in the clinic, so the cat must be delivered to the veterinarian immediately. You can stabilize the pet's condition with intravenous infusions.

Even if the condition of the animal has stabilized, take it to the veterinarian, as poisons can affect the body in different ways and cause serious consequences. Without a doctor's prescription, you should not administer antidotes, give laxatives and diuretics, since dehydration is a threat to the life of a cat.
www.pitomec.ru

Summer is a period of joyful mood and emotional relaxation. But there are two unpleasant moments that can simply poison the summer "holiday". Such enemies are intense heat and an invasion of mosquitoes.

Speaking of the latter, these pesky bloodsuckers won't leave you alone wherever you run. There are no barriers for these little insects. They can easily get into a city apartment, and in a country cottage they will give you a living hell.

In order to get rid of mosquitoes, people have invented a variety of means and devices that should repel or poison tenacious flying insects. Among such means are various creams, bracelets, Velcro, repellents, ultrasonic shockers, fumigators, and much more.

Perhaps the most popular, and really effective mosquito repellent, are electric fumigators. This little device is mains powered. The replaceable plate inside, when heated, vaporizes a poisonous insecticide that kills insects.

Despite all the advantages of this life-saving product, it has one “small” minus - poisoning mosquitoes, it poisons you too. What are replaceable mosquito plates, what effect can they have on a person, and how can you protect yourself from such a harmful effect as much as possible? Let's consider in more detail.

Attention! By poisoning mosquitoes, the replacement plate of the fumigator can poison you too.

In order to recognize the danger, you need not only to know what is included in the fumigation agent, but also to understand what each chemical element on the list is. Different plates may have different chemical composition. It all depends on the type of drug, as well as on its manufacturer. The composition of the filling of the mosquito plates may include:

Allethrin. It can be in the composition of the plates and under other names. This active substance affects sodium channels in the nervous system. Under the influence of allethrin, the conductivity of the nerve channels is disturbed in the insect, and the work of the muscle system also stops. This leads to impaired coordination of movements, muscle weakness and paralysis. Then, after a few minutes, the bloodsucker dies;
Pralletrin. It is an insecticide of synthetic origin, belonging to the group of pyrethroids. This substance, like its analogues, acts on the body in a toxic way, which also leads to death. Pralletrin is found in the composition of both plates and various fumigation liquids;
Alcohol isopropanol. This substance is mainly found in the composition of various aerosols. Although, in small doses, it does not cause visible harm to a person, it nevertheless has a slightly depressing effect on the nervous system. This mosquito repellent is several times more toxic than conventional ethanol;
Perfume. Such a perfume substance is added to almost every fumigation product. It gives the fumes a pleasant smell, but at the same time is not useful for the human respiratory tract.

Here is what the head of the toxicology department and leading toxicologist, Azer Maskudov, says: “If you decide to use insecticides in your apartment, you must carefully read the instructions.

The first thing to figure out is how to use the substance, for how long, and in what proportions it can be used. Allergy sufferers, or those who have small children, need to especially carefully examine what is included in the drug, and whether the remedy will cause visible harm to their health.

Important! The main effect of all insecticides that are part of the mosquito plates is the defeat of the nerve channels of insects, dulling the sense of smell (when mosquitoes do not smell human smell). Many components do not choose whose nervous system to hit, therefore, poisoning insects, they also negatively affect human health.

Insect plates. Impact on a person

Each manufacturer knows about the possible consequences of the action of insecticides on the human body. Therefore, in each instruction for the drug from mosquitoes, a number of warnings are placed:

Switch off 20-60 minutes after use;
Do not use in rooms where there are children or pregnant women;
Well ventilate the treated area;
Do not leave overnight.

Why are there such detailed guidelines? The fact is that the active substances of such plates have a general effect on any nervous system (be it a mosquito, a fly, an animal, or a person). Such insecticides inhibit its work, and act on it in an inhibitory manner. The toxic effect on humans largely depends on the doses and concentration of the toxic substance.

For small arthropods, often a small dose of a pesticide is enough to cause permanent damage to their nervous system. But if, when using fumigation agents, the instructions are violated, this can lead to poisoning of large-sized living beings. With intoxication with mosquito repellents, a person has the following:

Dizziness and headaches;
Sleepy and weakened state;
Nausea, accompanied by vomiting (if the substance has entered the stomach);
Skin itching, dermatitis, rash, burning (if the product came into contact with the skin);
Various allergic manifestations (swelling of mucous membranes, increased lacrimation);
Convulsions and muscle paralysis are possible (if the electric fumigator works continuously for a long time).

Rules for the safe use of plates

Despite the possible harm from the use of various pesticides, we still cannot completely abandon them.

After all, numerous mosquito bites also carry a certain threat to health. These can be various allergic reactions, as well as possible infections, which are carried by many insects.

Therefore, in order for the “skin to stand the candle”, when using repellents and plates, a number of necessary requirements must be observed:

Follow the recommendations that are in the instructions for the drug;
Pay attention to who this remedy is contraindicated;
Plug the appliance into an outlet that is away from beds;
When using an aerosol, avoid contact with eyes or mouth;
Do not use the plate if its expiration date has been reached;
Turn on the fumigator in a ventilated area;
If you experience an allergic reaction to the drug, stop using it.

Important! Read the instructions carefully before using any mosquito repellent. Ask about the effect of each of the components of the drug on your body, and carefully follow the rules for using the chosen remedy.

Although in today's time it is impossible to completely eliminate various toxic drugs from our lives, you can still try to limit their use as much as possible. For example, a house or apartment can be protected from insects by using dense mosquito nets for windows.

Sometimes it seems that nothing has such an irritating effect on a person as a combination of two things - the ultra-thin squeak of mosquitoes and the unbearable itching from their bites.

To protect against these buzzing biting arthropods, a whole arsenal of chemicals has been created. But whichever one you choose, be careful!

A quiet and calm night is what our person needs in order to feel rested, cheerful and full of energy in the morning. Sometimes it is difficult to achieve the desired result if a flock of buzzing insects all the time overcomes. From warm spring to late autumn, mosquitoes, midges and other small arthropods do not allow you to sleep peacefully. It's good that another human invention comes to the rescue - repellent.

As the manufacturers assure, only 30 minutes of work and there will be no trace of insects. But many are concerned about other questions: are mosquito repellants harmful? How safe are they for human health? Now let's try to answer them.

The composition of the plates against mosquitoes

It is not enough to read the chemical composition of the mosquito plate, you also need to understand the meaning of each of these substances and what effect it has. Depending on the manufacturer and the type of mosquito repellent, you can find the following substances included in their composition:

How do mosquito repellents work? The main effect on animals is the inhibition of the nervous system and the effect on the sense of smell, while insects stop smelling humans (this is carbon dioxide that a person exhales and lactic acid in sweat). But after all, many substances do not have selective activity and can affect a person as well.

How do mosquito repellents work on people?

Absolutely safe repellents do not exist. Therefore, manufacturers honestly warn:

Why such concern for human health? The substances that make up the composition of arthropod remedies do not specifically affect the mosquito, fly or mammal, they have a general inhibitory or toxic effect on the nervous system, inhibiting its work. It's just a question of concentration. In the amount in which it is contained in a plate or liquid mosquito repellent - it should only work on small creatures. But if the safety rules are violated or if a reaction to the remedy develops, a person may feel the following symptoms.

Preparations

Allethrin, bioresmetrin, permethrin, fenvalerate 7, phenothrin, cismetrin. Trade names - "Bang-Bang", "Phenozol-L", "Fumitoks", "Nittifor".

Toxic action

Neurotoxic (central and peripheral), associated with a violation of sodium transport through the membranes of nerve cells. Toxicokinetics

Clinic and symptoms

There are no antidotes.

Symptomatic therapy: infusion of colloid and crystalloid solutions, with convulsions - diazepam in a vein, with hepatopathy - hepatoprotective therapy.

Insect repellant

Diethyltoluamide (N, N-diethyl-3-toluamide, dit).

APPLICATION

TOXIC ACTION

Symptoms

When swallowed, small amounts of the repellent or low concentrations of the active ingredient cause nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.

After contact with eyes: irritation, which in the case of a concentrated product can be severe.
After contact with the skin, if the solution is concentrated (>50%): burning sensation, blisters and ulcers.
With repeated use: redness and rash, signs of poisoning if large amounts of the substance are used.

Treatment

You should induce vomiting, if it is absent - wash the stomach, give activated charcoal 50 g orally and water.

Treatment is symptomatic with active detoxification.

Diazepam doses for intravenous injection: for adults: 10-20 mg at a rate of 0.5 ml (2.5 mg) in 30 seconds; if necessary, repeat after 30-60 minutes, for children: 200 mcg / kg body weight.

medicalit.ru

Insecticide poisoning

Insecticides are synthetic or organic substances used to control insects. There are more than twenty varieties of this type of compounds.

And the main criterion for grouping insecticides is the main chemical component of the composition.

In recent years, the following types are considered the most common:

organochlorine;
organophosphorus;
pyrethrins and pyrethroids;
arsenic-containing;
sulfuric;
mineral;
cyanide.

Usually, the action of insecticides is directed at insect pests that eat crops. So, potato fields are sprayed with insecticides from the "Colorado" beetle, wheat and cotton - from locusts.

The principle of the toxic effects of different types of insecticides on humans is different. Therefore, according to this parameter, substances are divided into contact compounds, fumigants, systemic and intestinal insecticides. Fumigants are dangerous when they enter the respiratory tract, contact fumigants enter the body through the skin upon direct contact, intestinal fumigants are absorbed by the digestive system, systemic fumigants impregnate the plant, making any use of it dangerous to life and health.

How is the dispatch

Insecticide poisoning of any type significantly affects the functioning of the central nervous system. This is due to the direction of action of the main components of insecticidal mixtures on the membranes of neurons of the brain and spinal cord.

Under the influence of synthetic components of insecticides, the excitability of neurons increases and duplication of discharges occurs. In addition, a number of compounds can increase the sensitivity of the myocardium to endogenous catecholamines, which leads to arrhythmias. First aid in this case should take into account this factor and exclude the introduction of myocardial stimulating drugs, which is sometimes recommended for toxic endogenous poisoning with synthetic poisons.

Signs of poisoning

The primary symptoms of household insecticide poisoning are typical of synthetic poisons. The victim feels the urge to vomit, dizziness, disorientation, weakness, cooling of the limbs.

But the severity of the manifestations depends on whether acute poisoning has occurred or whether harmful compounds enter the body in small volumes systematically.

Symptoms of acute poisoning with insecticides differ little in substances of different chemical composition. The victim almost immediately after the poison enters the body, vomiting and diarrhea occur. In addition, uncontrolled increased salivation, dizziness, and disorientation begin. Vision deteriorates noticeably due to miosis, in an hour or two the temperature rises and fever appears.

If proper first aid was not provided, then, depending on the dose of poisons, violations of the heart muscle are detected during the day, if an insecticide enters through the respiratory tract, pulmonary edema appears, problems with the liver and kidneys.

Typical symptoms for the main types of pesticides are as follows:

chlorine - bitterness in the mouth, cough, convulsions, profuse salivation, inflammation of the mucous membrane, clouding of the cornea;
anabazine - burning in the throat, vomiting, diarrhea, jumps in heart rate and pupil diameter, convulsions, redness and swelling of the mucous membranes;
organochlorine - convulsions, nausea, vomiting, tremor of the limbs, loss of gait control, speech disorders, pain in the heart, nosebleeds;
organophosphorus - chills, shortness of breath, pain in the heart, dizziness, problems with speech and vision, dilated pupils.

First aid and treatment of poisoning

First aid to the victim of insecticides should be provided as soon as possible, otherwise, in case of acute poisoning, there is a high probability of death. The sequence of actions is as follows:

the victim is brought to life if he is unconscious;
stimulation of the gag reflex or artificial lavage of the stomach and intestines is performed (if insecticides enter through the gastrointestinal tract);
after washing, an absorbent and Regidron should be given to the victim;
a poison neutralizer is injected intravenously;
be sure to drink plenty of water and stay calm.

If harmful substances enter through the lungs, then first aid is provided through inhalation with a solution of soda and expectorant tablets. Integuments affected by insecticides must be lubricated with zinc ointment or covered with compresses soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate.

The main assistance in curing this type of poisoning can only be provided by specialists in the field of toxicology. According to the condition of the victim, he is prescribed local or general drugs, including detoxifiers, painkillers and restorative injections, ointments and tablets.

poisoned.ru

Mosquito plates: what is their harm, how do they affect people

The composition of the plates against mosquitoes

Esbiotrin (Allethrin). A substance used in everyday life to control flying and crawling insects. Under various names, it is part of the plates from arthropods. How do mosquito repellent plates work with such a filling? The influence of the drug affects the sodium channels of the nervous system, in which nerve conduction is gradually disturbed. The work of the nerve changes, and then the muscular system of the mosquito. The following processes take place in turn: the insect is immediately hyperactive for several minutes, then its coordination of movements is disturbed, involuntary muscle contraction appears, followed by muscle weakness, paralysis, and death occurs.
The composition of liquids and plates from mosquitoes often includes pralletrin and its analogues - a synthetic insecticide from the group of pyrethroids, the action of the agent is aimed at destroying insects.
Repellents often contain DEET (N,N-diethylmethylbenzamide), a substance that repels and kills small animals. Effective against not only mosquitoes, but also flies, ticks, midges, fleas, horseflies. Affects the organs of smell and the nervous system.
Aerosols contain isopropanol - alcohol. In small doses, it does not do much harm, but, since it has a depressing effect on the nervous system, it can be quite attributed to the active substances of the repellent. Isopropanol is 3.5 times more toxic than regular ethanol, so these mosquito repellents for children cannot be called safe.
In addition to the active substance itself, perfume fragrances, plant extracts for smell are added to the plates and repellents.

How do mosquito repellents work on people?

Absolutely safe repellents do not exist. Therefore, manufacturers honestly warn:

Nausea, dizziness, vomiting develop if the substance somehow got inside.

Drowsiness, weakness.
In case of accidental application to the skin or contact of the active plate with the skin, there may be itching, burning, stinging and a feeling of warmth, but dermatitis is rare.
Mosquito plates cause more harm during prolonged operation of the electric fumigator (an electrical device in which the insect repellent is located and begins to work actively). As a rule, this happens if you forget to turn off the device at night. A person will feel weakness, there may be vomiting and loosening of the stool, convulsions, muscle paralysis.
There are allergic reactions in the form of edema of the nasopharyngeal mucosa, lacrimation with intolerance to one of the components of the agent (sometimes it is a filler, an extract of a plant substance that is part of the plates).
Mosquito repellents for children are not as safe as we would like. As already mentioned, they contain DEET, isopropanol and other ingredients. Almost all manufacturers do not recommend using them under the age of three.

How to properly use plates and repellents

Are mosquito repellents harmful to humans? Not if you spend a little time reading everything that is written on their packaging. How to protect the family from possible complications? It is important to observe all safety precautions and do not forget to turn off the device in time.

poisoned.com

Mosquito pills

1 Secret of success
2 Effect on the human body
3 Impact on children

Mosquito repellent tablets Flying insect repellents

Tablets from mosquitoes, they are also plates, are especially popular in the warm season. They are sold around every corner, they are cheap, they have repeatedly confirmed their effectiveness. Tablets are available in the arsenal of every manufacturer of mosquito products. However, their composition is not much different.

Secret of success

How mosquito repellent pills work can be found in the instructions that come with the product. They are impregnated with special substances that repel insects or kill them. The active ingredients are synthetic, natural insecticides. The latter are used in products for children under 5 years of age.

Alletrin or esbiotrin, pralletrin and its analogues are synthetic insecticides that affect the functioning of the nervous system, muscle. They enter the air when heated, the strength of the action depends on the concentration. Insects initially become hyperactive, then the movements slow down, muscle paralysis occurs, death.
The composition of children's plates includes pyrethrum - a derivative of a special type of Caucasian chamomile. The tool blocks the transmission of nerve impulses, paralyzes, causes death.

The plates begin to act 5 minutes after the fumigator is turned on. Tablets work even in a room with open windows. In nature, the radius of protection against mosquitoes is 1-5 m. Popular brands:

Mosquitall;
Raid (Raid);
Raptor;
Nekusayka (children's Raptor);
Komaroff;
Killer (Killer);
Clean house;
Picnic Family (Picnic Family).

Impact on the human body

The instructions for the tablets have some restrictions on age, area of the room. If you do not follow the rules, you can harm your health or children.

Poisonous substances accumulate in the air, but their concentration is so meager that the human body does not feel them. If the room is less than 5 sq.m. the rate of insecticide in the air increases. For a person, this threatens with a headache, poor health, nausea, dizziness, muscle weakness.

Flying insect plates

On a note!

Each effective mosquito repellant is designed for 10 hours of operation. Even if the device remains turned on, the toxic component will no longer penetrate into the air.

Impact on children

The body of the child is more susceptible to the influence of aggressive substances. Manufacturers do not recommend indoor use of adult mosquito repellent tablets until the child is 5 years old. Cases of poisoning have not been recorded, but the possibility exists.

The use of children's mosquito pills does not adversely affect the well-being of the baby. It is allowed to use from 1-2 years. Feverfew has a specific smell of chamomile, but it has a calming effect on the human nervous system.

Harm to humans is minimized when the product is used correctly. An exception is individual intolerance to the components, which can occur in both an adult and a child.