Type of treadmill cover 6 letters. Construction and equipment of track and field facilities. Advantages of seamless coatings

When creating a training facility, special attention is paid to the sports surface of the running tracks. The safety of athletes directly depends on its quality and physical properties. Most often, in stadiums of open and closed type, rubber coatings for running tracks are installed. They differ in a number of positive properties:

• good depreciation;
• safety;
• optimal ratio of rigidity and elasticity;
• wear resistance;
• the possibility of a quick repair.

Additional requirements apply to sports surfaces that are installed in outdoor stadiums. The material must be well tolerated by temperature changes, precipitation.

Popular types of surfaces for running tracks and stadiums

All modern sports surfaces for stadiums are classified according to a number of criteria:

• by appointment - for open or closed sports grounds;
• according to the laying method - self-leveling or modular coatings;
• in appearance - natural or artificial.

Often, owners of sports complexes prefer synthetic surfaces for treadmills. They are durable and wear resistant. On a rubber treadmill, you can practice in studded shoes - even frequent workouts will not adversely affect the appearance of the surface. Maintaining the surface of the track is easy, and scheduled or unscheduled repairs do not result in a round sum.

Rubber crumb treadmill construction

CRUMB SP is one of the most popular track and field surfaces.

It has a wide range of applications - from small school stadiums to professional running complexes. Resistantly endures various types of mechanical influences, including frequent training in studded shoes.

The coating consists of two layers. The first layer is a mixture of two-component polyurethane and black crumb rubber. The surface is very resilient and elastic, self-levels after mechanical impacts. The second layer is a sprayed mixture of two-component polyurethane and colored rubber crumb. Applied with a special airless sprayer.

Rubber running surfaces have a number of advantages, among which it is worth noting:

• when creating the coating, only high-quality materials that are certified are used;
• the surface of the treadmill is uniform, has the same thickness;
• even after several years of operation, the material retains its original elasticity;
• the composition of the coatings includes only materials that are safe for human health;
• material for treadmills is resistant to abrasion;
• coating with the addition of rubber is suitable for outdoor stadiums located in regions with a harsh climate - heavy rainfall, sudden temperature changes, etc.;
• rubber tracks for running are quickly laid, and during the installation process a minimum set of tools and consumables is required;
• the repair of the coating is carried out quickly - a patch is placed on the worn surface, and the base is not affected.

Another important plus of the rubber coating for running is the low cost of the material. This factor is fundamental for the owners of large stadiums and sports complexes.

Disadvantages of rubber treadmills

Like any other material, rubber coatings have weak points. A noticeable disadvantage is the loss of color. Already after 2–3 years, running tracks in open stadiums become dull, and the markings are erased in places.

The problem is solved simply - by applying a new layer of special paint on the surface. After cosmetic repairs, treadmills will be like new. One of the types of coating, bulk professional coating for treadmills, is a little more difficult to repair, it is necessary to apply a new layer of mastic and fill the coating with rubber crumb, and then apply markings.

Do not forget about compliance with fire safety requirements. In addition, rubber coatings have no flaws.

When creating a sports complex for training athletes, it is necessary to take into account a number of requirements and recommendations. They can be gleaned from the list of standards of the International Association. In accordance with this document, the length of the treadmill should be 400 meters. The width of the working area along which the athlete runs is 1.22 m. The number of lanes varies depending on the type of facility - there can be either 4–5 or all 8. The last figure is relevant for stadiums where international competitions are held.

The inside of the track must be fenced off with a curb, the dimensions of which are strictly regulated - 5x5 cm. There is a small marking between the tracks - a white line 5 cm wide. A slope directed towards the inside of the track is also a mandatory requirement.

Before laying rubber flooring for treadmills, it is necessary to build a drainage system. It consists of polymer concrete channels and plastic covers. The drainage system prevents moisture from accumulating on the training ground, which prevents the likelihood of injuries among athletes.

The International Association also imposes a number of requirements on the coatings themselves. Surfaces must comply with IAAF standards - be durable, low-elasticity, non-slip and safety. Such requirements are met by modern coatings made of rubber and polyurethane.

Coatings for treadmills are rolled and seamless. In the first case, specialists cut the material into pieces of a certain length and width, fix it on a concrete or asphalt base. The bulk laying method, which CP-SS specializes in, is more technologically advanced. After installation, a monolithic flat surface is formed, on which there are no seams and height differences. The service life of a seamless coating is at least 10 years.

Regardless of the chosen type of coating, you need to know about the requirements for the base. Synthetic materials are laid on a flat surface of asphalt concrete. The base thickness is calculated depending on the type and structure of the top coat.

Treadmill dimensions

There are also a number of requirements for the size of treadmills. At a standard open athletics stadium, an oval track is made, the length of which does not exceed 400 meters. The track is divided into 8-10 sections for running, supplemented by sectors for competitions in jumping and throwing shells. Sectors for jumping and throwing are usually located at the corners of the stadium. The shells must hit the ground area of ​​the field (to reduce recoil). Often, an athletics stadium is combined with a football field.

The circular treadmill is distinguished by smooth identical turns, it is a closed circuit. Straight tracks - segments on the field with a limited length (about 130 meters).

In stadiums where international competitions are held, 8 circular and 10 straight running tracks must be made. For other sports facilities, this number is reduced to 6. The width of each lane must be at least 125 cm. A white boundary line must be applied between the lanes - 5 cm wide.

The surface of the treadmill must be perfectly flat, without slopes. Materials such as tartan, regupol, recortan can be used as a coating. Markings are applied to the tracks: finish and start lines for all distances, the boundaries of the transfer zones in the relay race, the pre-start line, etc.

If obstacle course competitions are held at the track and field stadium, then portable barriers are installed at certain points on the site. Their frame is made of light metal alloy, and the crossbar is made of wood. The barrier must be equipped with a system for adjusting the height of the crossbar.

Our company is engaged in laying professional coatings on sports facilities of various types - football fields, tennis courts, treadmills, basketball courts. At the request of the customer, we carry out a complete set of the stadium - we apply markings, install special equipment, fences and lighting fixtures. The object is handed over within the period specified in the contract, after which the athletes can begin to prepare for the competition.

Installation sequence

Modern rubber coatings for sports facilities are characterized by high installation speed and impressive physical properties. There are no seams between the sheets of material, and the surface itself does not let water through, is resistant to abrasion. During running, no slip effect is created, which significantly reduces the risk of injury among athletes.

Sports surfaces for treadmills are made in several colors. The coating can be monophonic or multi-colored. The shade is selected taking into account the comfortable visual perception of athletes.

The process of laying rubber coatings at a sports facility can be divided into the following stages:

• Foundation preparation. Rubber coatings are mounted on a concrete or asphalt base. The service life of running surfaces depends on its quality. The thickness of the concrete must be at least 8–10 cm; asphalt - 5 cm. In open areas, a slight slope is necessarily made - 1% - so that water does not accumulate on the surface of the tracks after rain or snow. It is desirable to install curbs around the perimeter of the object.
• Surface primer. A special composition applied to the base of the sports ground will provide better fixation of the rubber coating.
• Mixing and laying of raw materials. In a large tank installed at the facility, crumb rubber is mixed with a polyurethane binder and a permanent dye. With a mixer, the mass is brought to a homogeneous state. Then the workpiece is applied to the base - the coating is laid manually with floats or using special equipment. To give strength, the surface is rammed with a roller. All equipment and tools are treated with turpentine so that the crumb rubber does not peel off during installation.
• Applying markup. When the surface of the treadmills is ready, sports markings are applied to it.

It is possible to conduct trainings on the new sports ground within a few days after the installation of the rubber coating. During this time, the surface will have time to acquire sufficient hardness. Temperature and air humidity affect the polymerization time of the treadmill coating.

Rubber surfaces in outdoor and indoor sports facilities are easy to care for. Any contamination is easily removed from the surface, after which the treadmills become like new. However, it is necessary to remember a number of requirements for the care of the rubber coating.

• Rubber running surface must be protected from paint, solvents, acids, engine oil.
• The surface of the treadmills does not withstand prolonged high heat and contact with open flames.
• Ice or debris must not be removed from the treadmills with sharp or hard objects. Otherwise, a partial repair of the running surface will have to be carried out.

Dust and dirt accumulated on the surface of the rubber coating are quickly removed with water from the hose. No additional cleaning agents are required.

At this stage, specialists determine the type and scale of damage - they measure cracks, find zones of delamination and scattering of the coating, and determine the areas of swollen surfaces. All damages are applied to the paper scheme of the stadium. Experts must evaluate adhesion - the degree of adhesion of two different surfaces - before carrying out the restoration of the coating. To do this, a series of tests are carried out, the results of which allow you to calculate the exact amount of material needed to repair the coating. An assessment of the condition of the foundation is also carried out, because in some cases it also requires repair. The final decision on the repair or complete replacement of the coating is made by the customer.

When repairing the coating, damaged areas are cut out and replaced with similar materials corresponding to the existing surface.

The stadium coating, which needs to be repaired, is cleaned of dirt, degreased with special compounds applied under high pressure. Sometimes it is necessary to polish the surface of the treadmill.

Damaged areas are removed, and sheets of material with the same physical properties are installed in their place. In addition, specialists can apply a new layer of material to the old surface. Before work is carried out, the type of material, method of application, and cost are agreed with the customer.

Specialists apply sports markings to the repaired surface. The procedure is carried out using special equipment.

Running track in the stadium- this is a mandatory attribute, without which it is difficult to imagine a modern sports facility. It is the paths that experience quite large loads during operation, so it is important not only to cover them with gravel, but to make the surface as convenient and safe as possible. Do not forget that treadmills can also be laid in pedestrian areas, forest parks, in the courtyards of residential complexes.

What standards must treadmills meet?

Seamless rubber flooring for treadmill
COVER SPORT Economy - (analogue of ELASTUR) is waterproof, the bottom layer is 10 mm (black SBR tire crumb fraction 2-4 mm is used), and the top layer is 2-3 mm (black SBR tire crumb fraction 1-2 mm is used), fits with using a crumb rubber sprayer
COVER SPORT Base - the first layer is 10 mm (black tire SBR and EPDM colored chips of fraction 2-4 mm are used), and the second is 2-3 mm (polyurethane glue and pigment dye are applied using a spray gun)
COVER SPORT Standard - 10mm + 2-3mm EPDM is sprayed
COVER SPORT Mix - 10 mm black with EPDM + 2-3 mm EPDM, applied with a spray gun
COVER SPORT Plus (ELASTUR treadmill cover) - 10 mm EPDM + 2-3 mm EPDM is applied with a spray gun
REPAIR OF TREADMILLS– our company is also engaged in the repair of seamless rubber coating, if necessary, the damaged part is replaced with a new one. We will do it qualitatively and on time.

Coating options for treadmills: price and performance

They feature high-tech equipment. When constructing stadiums, first of all, attention is paid to the conformity of the sizes, markings and coverings of the running tracks to the standards. The results of the athletes directly depend on them.

Treadmill

Facilities for outdoor sports, as a rule, are universal. A football field is usually arranged in the center. It is surrounded by stands, running tracks. There are fields designed exclusively for athletics. Then in the center there are specially marked areas for throwing a discus, a hammer, a spear, long jumps, high jumps, with a pole.

During the construction of such facilities, the coverage of the running tracks of stadiums comes first. In fact, the latter are a separate sports facility. It is designed for training and competitions in running (including hurdles) and walking. The paths are equipped on a flat horizontal surface, the edge is framed with sides. They are rounded at the top, their height does not exceed 3 cm.

The coating of running tracks should have high wear resistance, good shock-absorbing properties, have a flat surface without joints, provide effective grip with athletes' shoes, and not change their properties even after strong moisture (rain). The treadmill consists of 4-9 individual lanes. The standard width is 122 cm, this also includes 5 cm markings. The minimum length in a straight line is 400 meters.

A bit of history

At the end of the 19th century, the surface of the sports tracks at the Olympic Games was a mixture of sand and clay. In rainy weather, the stability of reliance on them was unsatisfactory. In 1903, It was developed to withstand adverse weather, but due to its hardness, it was not widely used.

A year later, at the Olympics at the stadium in St. Louis (USA), a cinder track was tested. The porous material made it possible to hold competitions in light rainfall, quickly absorbing moisture. A clear advantage was the elasticity and good grip with the shoes of athletes. Cinder coating has been used for many decades. There are lines about her in V. Vysotsky's song "Marathon": "I run, I run, I trample, sliding along the cinder path."

With high humidity, the cinder surface became unusable, in addition, considerable efforts and financial costs were required for maintenance and repair. Other options for covering running tracks have been developed. In 1912, a stone-wood mixture appeared, waterproof, softer than asphalt, but short-lived. Later, the English company "Rubber" offered sheet rubber with water-conducting holes. It was a real breakthrough. One after another, more modern coatings based on latex or bitumen began to appear. They tied cork, sand, crumb rubber and other materials.

Kinds

Surfaces can vary greatly. They are conditionally divided into the following groups:

• professional;
• semi-professional;
• for mass sports.

The first two groups of structures usually have a rubber or synthetic treadmill surface. The main difference is in the quality, the number of layers and their content, the way of laying, the color scheme. Professional must have an IAAF certificate and withstand the load when using studded shoes.

In public places for lovers of an active lifestyle for treadmills use:

• Cinder or coke-burnt coatings. They are waterproof and require regular maintenance.
• Asphalt or asphalt rubber - durable, fairly rigid, do not let water through, do not require additional care.

Both options do not differ in elasticity, with prolonged exercise they can lead to injuries. Today, architects include modern coatings that are safer for people's health in their projects.

Rubber cover

The most demanded rubber coatings of treadmills. The amount of glue, the size of the crumb, the proportions of mixing - characteristics, according to which the coatings are divided into two types:

• moisture permeable;
• impervious to water.

They are classified according to the number of layers:

• single layer;
• multilayer.

Among the advantages, the following can be distinguished:

• convenience and comfort for athletes;
• excellent performance characteristics;
• choice of desired color;
• safety;
• environmental friendliness;
• excellent sound insulation;
• attractive appearance;
• simple care;
• the possibility of restoring the surface in case of damage;
• versatility of use.

Styling options

Any covering keeps within on the prepared platform. The ground should be as flat as possible. The track itself is a kind of construction consisting of several layers:

• natural base;
• gravel layer;
• concrete or asphalt;
• glue;
• shock-absorbing lining;
• finish layer.

The top layer is mounted in several ways:

• It can be poured - all components are mixed directly at the installation site.
• By laying mats, usually 120 x 100 cm;
• Rolls.

The world's leading manufacturers of modern running track surfaces use environmentally friendly and high-quality materials. They must meet the following requirements:

• Possess increased wear resistance, withstand many years of stress under studded shoes, adverse climatic conditions.
• Be safe, have an optimal coefficient of rigidity and elasticity.
• Be comfortable and reliable, provide good grip on the surface of athletes' shoes even in rainy weather.
• Do not fade in the sun, have an attractive appearance. Today, manufacturers offer a variety of colors.
• Do not skip water.
• Do not require special care.
• Meet IAAF standards.

Figure 6. Construction of a track and field athletics track: 1-waterproof ground base; 2-sand drainage layer; 3 base made of crushed limestone with a particle size of up to 40mm; 4-intermediate layer of boiler slag (fraction 20-60 mm); 5-elastic-moisture-absorbing layer of fibrous peat; 6 - coating from a special mixture; 7-filtering sprinkling; 8-pipe drainage

Bulk waterproof soils serve as a natural basis for the construction of the path, therefore, during its construction, the organization of drainage from the surface and from the thickness of the structure required special attention. A drainage layer of coarse-grained sand 20 cm thick was laid at the base of the path, and a tubular drainage with a continuous filtering sand was arranged under the inner edge.

base material - crushed crystalline limestone size up to 100 mm, intermediate layers - boiler slag and fibrous brown peat. The coating is made of a special mixture based on ground ceramics. Both treadmill treadmills made of precast concrete elements measuring 25X6X 100 cm, installed on the preparation of lean concrete.

If a drainage layer is made of sand, shells, slag, etc., with a layer more than 10 cm thick, the thickness of the base can be reduced to 5-8 cm by backfilling it from crushed soft stone. Overconsolidation of the base during rolling should be avoided.

The elasticity of the structure can be increased by replacing part of the slag layer with a sawdust-pyrite mixture with a layer 10-12 cm thick.

The design of the fastening of the prefabricated elements of the edge should ensure the unimpeded flow of surface water into the drain - the drain, for which the width of the concrete base under the edge should not exceed 10-12 cm. from concrete and increasing the length of the prefabricated elements of the edge up to 2-2.5 m.

Figure 7: Construction of the treadmill: 1 - crushed brick, fractions 40-70 mm: 2-medium-grained slag, fractions 20-30 mm (80%) + lump fireclay (20%); 3-fine-grained slag, fractions up to 12 mm (70% - loam (30%), 4-crushed bauxite, fractions 1-10 mm (75%) + coarsely ground fireclay 1-10 mm (25%); 5-crushed bauxite, fractions 0-3 mm (60%) + chamotte clay (20%) + tile flour (20%); 6 - finely ground chamotte clay powder with rolling.

Treadmill (Fig. 7). The base of the path is made of crushed brick (fraction 40-70 mm), laid on a planned and rolled soil base. The thickness of the base is from 12 cm at the outer edge to 20 cm at the inner edge, due to the slope of the bottom of the trough is about 0.01. Two intermediate layers with a total thickness of 13.5 cm are laid on the base. The first intermediate layer is made 8 cm thick from a mixture of slag with a particle size of 20-30 mm with clay, in a ratio of 4: 1. The second intermediate layer 5.5 cm thick is made from a mixture of fine-grained slag particle size up to 12 mm and loam in a ratio of 7: 3 The coating is made up of three layers of a special mixture total thickness 5 cm (including surface treatment).