Doors are made of boards, furniture boards or beams according to previously prepared drawings. To understand what and how wooden doors are made of, let's get acquainted with their varieties.
Types of doors by design
The box from the array has the following advantages:
At the same time, the wooden canvas has the following features:
- untreated raw materials quickly absorb moisture;
- the presence of cracks and knots;
- combustibility.
To reduce absorption, the board is dried, treated with hot steam and impregnations..
massive doors
Before manufacturing wooden doors, it is recommended to determine the features of the production process. The dacha can be protected from robbers by a massive canvas, for the manufacture of which thick tongue-and-groove or planed boards are used. The resulting structure is reinforced with horizontal or inclined lintels.
For the manufacture of a massive door, a tree of dense structure is used. For the manufacture of a massive entrance door, cedar, larch or oak are used. Such wood is characterized by a dense structure and textured pattern.
If the project of the suburban area includes a bath, then linden, pine are used to equip the opening. The bath should be operated after wood treatment with an antiseptic.
Paneled doors
For the manufacture of paneled canvas, boards and beams obtained by gluing lamellas are used. Then the workpiece is covered with veneer. Before building a canvas, a drawing is prepared. It indicates the configuration of the panels. It can be the same or different. Glass can be used instead of wooden elements.
Panel doors are most often installed indoors. To equip the vertical and transverse elements, you will need to glue the timber. For the manufacture of the canvas, a floorboard of the appropriate thickness is used. Spikes are used to fix individual elements.
Door Assembly Diagram If a panel is used to make the canvas, you need to consider:
- the reliability of the product is directly affected by the number of transverse;
- a home-made box is formed from a bar, and a rail or plastic is used to make a panel;
- bead is used to fix the panels.
Since the paneled door has a small thickness, it is considered the best option to equip an interior doorway.
Panel doors
The shield box is made of fiberboard, veneer or laminate. The frame is assembled from boards. As a shield, sheets of fiberboard, MDF or chipboard are used.
Shield door design The canvases under consideration are classified into the following types:
- solid - filled with bars fastened together;
- hollow - made from side and transverse bars. Lining is used for sheathing;
- small-hollow - have different filling.
To independently create a high-quality canvas, the frame is pre-coated with plywood. The material is laid in 2 layers. The size of 1 layer is 24 mm. This technology prevents deformation of the coating.
Tools for the job
From the tools you will need:
- to create grooves and holes, you need a milling cutter;
- hacksaw;
- to grind the ends of the doors, you need a planer;
- chisels;
- a hammer;
- screwdriver
Standard set of tools for making a door To assemble the doors, you will need the following materials:
- sheet pile boards;
- self-tapping screws;
- glue.
The acquired wood is additionally dried. The boards are laid so that they do not touch each other.
Choice of lumber
Before assembling the canvas, an individual plan for the upcoming work is drawn up. Particular attention is paid to the choice of boards. The following criteria are taken into account:
- financial opportunities;
- acquisition of “commercial wood;
- residual moisture - 15%;
- checking the evenness of the material;
- board thickness - 25-50 mm;
- array is polished.
Step by step instructions for making
Any step-by-step plan for the manufacture of the door provides for the assembly of the shield. If it is planned to install the canvas in the bath, then a simple assembly of the shield is carried out. To fix the boards, transverse and longitudinal elements are used. The warm box for the house is made taking into account aesthetics. The assembled shield is polished.
Production of solid wood doors
The step-by-step web assembly plan includes the correct choice of consumables. To make a shield, you will need grooved boards with a thickness of more than 25 mm. Then the consumable material is sawn into segments.
Tongue-and-groove boards must be even and without grooves on the front sides When assembling the shield, it is recommended to take into account the direction of the annual rings. To connect the tongue-and-groove boards, a tongue-and-groove lock and wood glue are used. If the consumable is non-groove boards, then they are assembled with glue.
Work is done on a large area. The assembled coating is pressed with clamps. If the shield is dry, it is processed with a milling cutter. In order to have good sound insulation, it is recommended to assemble a shield from several layers of boards. The resulting structure is clamped with clamps.
Traditional ways of dressing boards in solid wood doors For strapping, crossbars are used, installed at the top, in the middle and at the bottom of the cover. On the canvas, markings are made for the grooves. The recesses to be made should be ½ the thickness of the consumable.
Assembly diagram Holes are cut using a router. It is more difficult to cut grooves by hand. This will require a chisel. A rubber mallet is used to insert the cross member. If it is planned to apply a drawing to the resulting shield, its contour is first outlined with a pencil according to the template. A cutter is used for cutting.
Cutouts are milled according to a drawing previously applied with a pencil. Then the canvas is painted with pre-treatment with an antiseptic. On the canvas and the box make markings for mounting loops. Similarly, markings are made for the handle and lock. The last stage is the canopy of the canvas in the opening.
Treatment with antiseptic and varnish
Panel door manufacturing
The instruction for the manufacture of a thyroid sheet allows the use of finely filled boards. Experts distinguish 3 methods of assembling such a design:
- pre-assembly of the frame with subsequent filling of its internal space. Using this technology, you can create a solid or finely filled shield;
- separate production of the shield with its subsequent fixation in the frame. The last stage is sheathing with finishing material;
- the manufactured shield is mounted in a frame, lined.
To assemble the canvas according to the first method, primary strapping is carried out. She will determine the size of the future door. For the construction, a bar with a section of 30 × 120 mm is used. Consumables are cut according to the dimensions of the future structure.
The next step is to select the type of connection in the corners. Experts advise using the "half-tree" method. Accurate marking of future grooves is an important stage in the assembly of the shield.
Scheme of connection of frame elements All grooves are coated with glue. The connection of the beam is carried out on a flat, but large area. If the glue is dry, the joints are fixed with dowels. For this, through holes with a diameter of 8-10 mm are made..
For facing the frame, plywood or fiberboard is used. Marking is carried out, the frame is removed. The frame returns to its original place. It must be pressed against the facing material treated with glue.
For cladding, plywood or fiberboard is used To fill the interior space, MDF is used. It is glued to the bottom sheet of the finishing material. But first, the glue must dry well. In parallel, it is recommended to prepare consumables for the outer lining of the canvas.
Internal filling gives the canvas rigidity If you need to glue 2 sheets, then the first sheet is fiberboard, and the second is laminated material or SHF. The resulting design is sent under the press.
You can sheathe the door with natural wooden slats. They are fixed to the frame. The holes made are filled with a mixture of glue and sawdust. If the surface is dry, it is treated with sandpaper. All corners and ends are machined with a cutter. In the finished door leaf and,. The door is mounted in an appropriate box.
A frame door is made using a similar technique - the internal space is additionally reinforced with bars. But before starting work, accurate calculations are carried out, a drawing is prepared.
Panel door manufacturing
To make a paneled door, you will need special carpentry tools and experience. The constituent elements of the structure are made of plywood, massive boards. A drawing is preliminarily prepared, on which 4 panels are marked.
The frame is made from timber. It is pre-treated with a cutter. Then a groove is made on one side of it. Spikes are cut out on the crossbars, and the edges are processed with a milling cutter. Panels and mullions are inserted into the grooves.
The end part of the coating, which will go to the end of the canvas, must be even. Slots are made in the vertical elements to assemble the structure.
To make panels, plywood or chipboard is used. Some panel elements are replaced with glass. In this case, glazing beads are additionally used. Panels with a flat plane are mounted and framed with a glazing bead.
Otherwise, the panels are processed by a milling cutter. In this way, a relief configuration is created. Plywood is used to make panels. Each element of the future canvas is treated with an antiseptic and dried.
All parts are assembled into a single structure on a flat surface, and each spike is coated with special glue. Door assembly step by step:
- gluing the crossbars into the grooves of the vertical bars;
- installation of mullions;
- installation of the remaining panels;
- gluing a vertical bar;
- fixing glazing beads for finishing.
To install the spikes in the grooves, a rubberized hammer is used. The canvas is lined from the sides. To check the corners, a building corner is used. The cover is compressed with clamps.
Markings are made on the canvas for installing hinges and handles with a lock. Installation of fittings is carried out after completion of finishing work. For finishing, acrylic paint is used either. To get a dark finish, stain is used.
Warming and soundproofing
door insulation scheme Painting
At the next stage, processing and decoration of the manufactured structure is carried out. In this case, it is recommended to adhere to the following plan:
- processing the coating with sandpaper or a grinding machine;
- impregnation of wood with an antiseptic. The first layer should dry well. Then the processing is repeated;
- the canvas is covered with a special putty, which can be replaced with a primer. In this case, the canvas is processed 2 times. But each applied layer must dry well. This will take about 2 days;
- for finishing the coating, paint, varnish, stain are used. The stain must be applied over the primer. Taking into account the desired shade, the appropriate number of layers of stain is applied. It will take 4 hours for each layer to dry. To fix the result, the stain is covered with two layers of varnish.
For finishing the door, paint, varnish, stain are used For the manufacture of doors, manufacturers are increasingly using composite materials, plastic, steel. However, the tree has not lost its popularity. Durable and warm material is ideal for front doors to the house. From the boards they independently assemble a canvas for outbuildings and baths. Making a wooden door with your own hands is easy. You just need to have a good board and a set of tools.
Being engaged in the production of wooden doors, you need to know the advantages and disadvantages of the material. The final result depends on this. The main difference between wood is its hardness. Soft woods are easy to process, but less resistant to moisture. Such material is suitable for interior doors. It is difficult to process hardwoods with hand tools, but the material is more resistant to moisture. Such wood is suitable for the manufacture of entrance doors.
Speaking of wood species, it is worth considering the resin content of the material. Larch occupies the first place in this regard. The product from it will stand in dampness for a long time. The resin protects against decay.
The following requirements are imposed on the choice of the board:
- the minimum number of knots;
- moisture content of wood is not more than 15%;
- perfect evenness.
For outbuildings, used material taken from the dismantling of old buildings is suitable. Beautiful doors to the house are best made from a new board.
hardwood
- Birch quite hard and difficult to process, but has an attractive texture.
- Beech characterized by increased strength, but deforms with a change in humidity.
- Alder soft and rots quickly in high humidity.
- Oak hard, tends to split, but resistant to moisture and beautiful.
- Nut has an interesting texture, is easy to process, is not afraid of moisture and mechanical stress.
- Maple moderately hard, well processed, moderately resistant to moisture.
For the manufacture of wooden entrance doors, oak or beech is more often used.
conifers
- Of the conifers, the most popular is considered pine. Soft wood is easy to process, but does not resist moisture well. The material is best used in the manufacture of wooden interior doors.
- Larch characterized by a beautiful texture and great resinity. Solid wood resists moisture perfectly, which makes it possible to use the board for assembling entrance doors.
- Spruce knotty, lighter and softer than pine, slightly inferior in strength.
Tools
In production, special machines are used for the manufacture of wooden doors.
- Reismus required for board processing. The most productive are double-sided planers, which clean the workpiece in one pass.
- Without milling machine tool production of wooden doors is impossible. With its help, lock joints are made on the boards, chamfers are selected, curly blanks are processed.
- When gluing on a wooden frame, overlays are used press.
- Circular saw spread the board to the desired size.
To make wooden interior doors at home with your own hands, no one will buy expensive machines. Electric board is suitable for spreading the board disk saw.
You can choose grooves, and you can process the surface of the workpieces manual router.
Additionally, you should have on hand:
- drill;
- screwdriver;
- wood saw;
- grinder;
- chisels, mallet, corner, level, tape measure.
For painting the door leaf, it is advisable to use a compressor with a pneumatic gun.
Necessary materials
To make a wooden door with your own hands, you will need the following materials:
- dry grooved board;
- self-tapping screws;
At the time of purchase, the thickness of the boards is selected taking into account the installation location of the door leaf. For an interior sash, wood 25 mm thick is sufficient. For the front door use a board with a thickness of 50 mm. After purchasing, it is advisable to dry the wooden blanks by laying them on a flat surface using linings.
Additionally, a mortise lock, hinges, handles, and a peephole are bought for the entrance wooden door. For an interior sash, it is enough to take hinges and a handle with a latch.
How to make a wooden door
When assembling a simple wooden door with your own hands, a drawing, a complex diagram is not needed. It is enough to measure the height and width of the door leaf. The dimensions of the sash are calculated so that it fits into the grooves of the door frame, and there is a gap of about 5 mm around the perimeter. In the manufacture of a wooden door, the main elements are prepared: a tongue-and-groove board with a tongue-and-groove lock for the canvas and a cross member made of edged blanks.
The step-by-step instruction for assembling a wooden door with your own hands consists of the following steps:
- boards are sawn according to the height of the future canvas and laid out on a flat surface in compliance with one direction of the pattern of annual rings;
- spikes with grooves are lubricated with carpentry glue, connect all the boards, tightly squeezing the canvas with a clamp;
- after the glue has dried on the extreme bar, a spike is cut off from the end of the product, and the entire surface of the shield is subjected to milling and grinding.
- To prevent the sash from falling apart, the structure is fastened with crossbars. The edged board is shaped into a trapezoid, grooves are made on the canvas to a depth of 1/3 of the thickness of the wooden blank and lubricated with carpentry glue. The crossbars are inserted into the recesses, tapping with a mallet. For reliability, you can fix it with self-tapping screws.
- In order for the sash to last longer, it is treated with antiseptic impregnations. If it is necessary to install a double-glazed window on a wooden door, a window is cut out in the shield with a jigsaw. A plank is nailed in the center of the end of the entire perimeter of the opening - an emphasis for two glasses. After installing the double-glazed window, the edges are framed with a glazing bead or a decorative strip.
If you need a thick canvas, the sash is made of two layers. In the two-layer manufacturing technology of a wooden door, the perpendicularity of the boards of both shields is observed. Glue them together with wood glue.
Keyway
You can assemble warm wooden doors for a private house without much effort from boards with dowels. Manufacturing technology consists of the following steps:
Usually for the entrance to the house massive doors are made of oak, beech or cedar. The canvas can be decorated antique or give it a modern style. A simple wooden door, assembled with your own hands from a pine board, is suitable for a bathhouse or a barn.
Shield
Panel doors are a budget option. The frame is a rectangular frame made of board. Fiberboard sheets are glued on both sides. In industrial conditions, an additional lining of veneer or laminate is used. Another feature of the door design is filling the voids of the frame with insulation from woodworking waste: sawdust, shavings, small chips, corrugated cardboard.
Consider how to make a do-it-yourself wooden panel door from boards step by step:
- according to the size of the sash, a sheet of fiberboard is cut out, as well as blanks from boards for the frame;
- all elements are laid out on a flat surface, interconnected with wood glue and self-tapping screws;
- the lower shield made of fiberboard with a wooden frame formed voids that are covered with sawdust;
- the upper part of the frame is lubricated with glue, a second shield made of fiberboard is laid and the entire sash is pressed with a press.
On the finished door leaf, as a finish, veneer can be glued on top, and sharp corners can be rounded off with a milling cutter.
Paneled
The design of paneled doors is a frame made of timber, inside which a set of horizontal crossbars, vertical lintels, and mullions are inserted. As a result, cells are formed for inserting a panel. The technology allows you to make a wooden door with glass, plastic, and other materials. The strength of the canvas depends on the number of crossbars.
The panel is cut out in such a size that it enters the cell with a gap of 2 mm. Glass inserts or fiberboard are immediately fixed with glazing beads. The edges of a thick plywood or chipboard panel are milled until they become thinner by 2 mm of the grooves cut on the frame. The framing beads are attached last.
Decor
Decorating a homemade wooden door begins with grinding. Further processing goes with an antiseptic that protects the wood from dampness and pests. After drying, the surface of the door is covered with two layers of primer or putty. The final layer is paint or varnish.
If there is a professional tool, as well as certain skills, the canvas is decorated with carvings, stencils are cut out and even mosaics are made.
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Making your own front door is very exciting and entertaining. By making the door yourself, you can afford to realize an exclusive option. And besides, the door that you made yourself, whether for an apartment or a house, will delight you every time you return home, because this is the creation of your hands. And an indescribable sense of pride - this creation is truly amazing.
Even experts report that even a novice master can handle this work. Therefore, if you have the desire and a little experience, you can cope with the task of making a beautiful wooden door as an entrance door.
Raw material selection
First of all, if you are planning not just to fix an existing door, but to make it from scratch, you should take the choice of material seriously.
As a rule, coniferous wood is used for such doors. This material is very budget compared to hardwood. The boards should be equal in width, the length should be slightly more than the height of the doorway. Measure the opening height with a tape measure. Then it is necessary to mark this value on the boards. Next, we connect them by screwing horizontal strips. If there are any excesses in width or height, then they can simply be cut off. After that, a horizontal board is launched, which will serve as a warning against deformation of the web.
When you make such a door yourself, be sure to select the right fasteners. As a rule, when boards and planks are connected, long nails are used. Their length should be such that they pass through all the wooden elements, but do not break through them. And one more thing - there should be a lot of fasteners, given the option, if you also need to update the product or repair it so that there are no problems with this.
Creating a panel door
Paneled doors are often used in their homes as the first or second door.
It is worth noting the different types of panels:
- flat;
- curly (they are a combination of curves and straight elements);
- floating;
- designs with figurines.
What is a fillet? It is a wooden shield with a smooth surface, which is inserted into the harness. This shield can be made both from a continuous canvas and from individual boards. In order for the profile to fit into the harness, a groove is specially cut in it, which is located at the ends of the canvas.
For such a design, the following elements will be needed:
- 2 side racks (often these are bars 8x5 cm or 10x7 cm);
- 2 crossbars (the dimensions are the same as the side ones);
- "jumper";
- middle crossbars (usually 3-4 pieces are enough).
It is necessary to make a spike in the jumper, and we will make grooves in the side posts. It is necessary to grind the crossbars under the spikes. On the sides you need to cut chamfers. We will insert a panel into them.
All preliminary assembly of our door, which we will later install in the house, is carried out without any glue. First of all, it is necessary to fit all the details, we check all our joints and spikes. And after that we take the panels and fix them on wooden pins.
Now we need to make sure that the whole structure is assembled correctly. If everything is so, then we disassemble our door and number each detail. The numbering is necessary so that during the subsequent assembly they do not mix up any elements in places. Now we coat all our parts with glue and assemble the door again. After that, be sure to dry the door.
Congratulations on making your outdoor door unit. Now we need to decorate it. First you need to soak the block with an antiseptic solution. The same is done when repairing a door or replacing a canvas.
Now we come to the process of decorating. For the front door of a private house, various decorating methods can be used - cover the door with varnish or stain, paste over it with wallpaper, just paint the door, veneer, you can laminate the door, use fabric for decoration, etc.
At the final stage, we install the door in the opening. First of all, install a new box. The box is made from the same material as the doors. After installing the box, it is necessary to embed the hinges, after which we hang the canvas. Now you need to adjust the entire door structure.
It is worth saying that any front door, regardless of its quality and price, may eventually lose its presentable appearance or even cease to function properly. Do not despair, you can upgrade it or just need to carry out minor repairs. Of course, it is worth keeping an eye on this, because a situation may arise when repairs will no longer save the situation. And only a complete replacement of the door system will help you out.
Nevertheless, if you made a wooden door yourself, approaching the process with due responsibility and accuracy, taking into account all the necessary features, then correctly assembled and installed everything in the house, then your door will not be inferior to the factory one. And the experience that you will gain in the process will be very useful and will allow, if such a need arises, to repair or replace the door yourself.
Under the heading | with labels |Nowadays, if you have a great desire, you can make anything with your own hands. There is a lot of necessary information on the sites, the construction market is saturated with a variety of tools and devices, the choice of material is also very wide. In addition, the cost of a hand-made product will be several times less than the market price.
It will not be difficult to make a door with your own hands, and we will try to help you with this with the help of some rules and recommendations. The first thing to decide is: the type of door, the material used and the availability of the necessary tools.
Advantages and disadvantages
The modern building materials market is replete with a variety of products offered, including doors: entrance, interior, balcony, etc. For the production of doors, various modern materials are used.
Although metal doors are no less popular, natural wood or its varieties remain the most popular. Wooden door leafs are used in residential, industrial, office, etc.
Door leafs made of wood undoubtedly have a lot of advantages, including:
- high sound and heat insulation,
- frost resistance and increased strength,
- low expansion rate due to the influence of temperatures,
- long service life, subject to good product quality,
- environmental friendliness, and, consequently, harmlessness to health,
- beautiful appearance and the ability to fit into any interior style.
However, there are also disadvantages of using wood in the production of doors:
- increased hygroscopic properties, i.e. wood without pre-treatment absorbs moisture quite well, as a result of which this negatively affects the physical and mechanical characteristics of the product,
- not the ideality of the raw materials used, since low-quality wood may have crevices, knots or resin pockets,
- flammability and fire hazard of the material.
The main reasons for the appearance of deficiencies are poor quality materials and non-observance of the technology for the production of blanks. To make the imperfections less pronounced, the wood material should be thoroughly dried, steamed and treated with special impregnating agents.
Variety of door designs
During the period of knowledge of the process of self-construction of doors, one should consider some structural nuances of various door options and the rules for their production:
Entrance doors
In the manufacture of large door panels, for example, entrance doors, planed or tongue-and-groove boards are used, which are combined into one piece with diagonal or transverse lintels to securely strengthen the entire structure.
As the raw material used, preference should be given to wood with a dense structure and a textured cut image. For example, cedar, oak or larch.
To make and install a door to a room with high humidity (bath, steam room, etc.), it is possible to use less valuable wood species, such as pine or linden, but they must be treated with water-repellent agents and antiseptics.
Paneled doors
The paneled version of the door is made by gluing lamellas from wooden beams and boards, which are then covered with veneer. As a result, the product has a neat appearance. The master can also show imagination and produce panels of various configurations, or make beautiful glass inserts.
In high-quality production of paneled panels, it is very difficult to distinguish them from solid wood. Glued beams are used for the device of cross-sections. To fasten parts, spikes or dowels are used.
As interior doors, you can use hand-made panel doors.
Panel doors
Panel doors are considered the most economical, due to the use of chipboard, which is covered with laminate or veneer. The design consists of a wooden frame and a shield made of MDF, chipboard, etc. In addition, the following types of panel door devices are distinguished:
- One-piece structure filled with timber (edged or unedged), which is sufficiently firmly fastened.
- The door, inside is hollow, consisting of wooden cross-sections along the panels and beams on the sides. Outside, the structure is finished with clapboard or fiberboard. The inner part may contain longitudinal and transverse bars.
- Doors related to small-hollow doors are different in terms of internal occupancy.
If you use alder or linden plywood 4-8 mm thick when covering a panel door, the product will become much better, since the material resists deformation and is easy to decorate.
Features of the choice of material
When choosing a material, you should pay attention to the presence of:
- knots, as their presence should be minimized,
- humidity, no more than 15%. Well-dried material is considered ideal, which guarantees the quality of the future product,
- flat board surface. It is checked for tightness by placing the boards close to each other,
- certain thickness. For massive doors about 5 cm, for internal doors - 2.5 cm.
The types of wood used may vary. For front doors, noble oak or beech woods are used. For interiors - pine. The presence of resin provides protection against mold and mildew.
When making doors with your own hands in a private house or in the country, you can use the material at hand left over from the demolition of a wooden building, etc. But before using, be sure to check them for any damage.
Making a door with your own hands
The process of making a door with your own hands is quite simple. It is based on the reliable construction of a shield made of wooden planks. Appearance can be varied, depending on the purpose of the room and the interior itself.
For manufacturing, you will need fixtures and tools: a workbench, a milling cutter, a hacksaw, a planer, a set of chisels, a regular hammer, a mallet, a level, a simple pencil, measuring devices, a grinder or sandpaper, a screwdriver.
As well as materials and parts for fastening: tongue-and-groove wooden boards, a set of self-tapping screws, glue for carpentry.
The wood must be well dried at +25 degrees (and not more than +50 degrees in the drying chamber) for almost two months in a well-ventilated area. In order for the moisture to leave better, the boards must be shifted with spacers each separately. Otherwise, mold may appear and ruin your plan.
Making a door step by step using a tongue and groove board:
- Marking and sawing the material in accordance with the required dimensions.
- Its layout on the layout table with the arrangement of the pattern of tree rings in one direction.
- Assembling the boards into a canvas and fastening them in a tenon-groove method for greater strength, you can use glue for carpentry.
- Spike cut along the edge of the shield and end processing.
- Clamping the canvas with clamps and drying it on the surface of the table.
- After drying, milling and grinding.
- In the case of strengthening the structure, the multi-layer boards are used by gluing them and compressing them with clamps. As a result, the product is massive and heavy.
- Fixing the canvas with strapping using crossbars. To do this, it is worth preparing boards along the width of the canvas, trapezoidal in shape. Make markings for the crossbars. Make a mark of the depth and directly the grooves themselves. Lubricate them with glue and insert the crossbars with a mallet.
Door processing and decoration
Processing the canvas with sandpaper or a grinder.
Impregnation of the fabric with an antiseptic agent. After applying the product, dry the surface. Repeat the procedure twice. An antiseptic will provide protection against fungus, mold and microorganisms.
Putty canvas or primer, which will hide the bumps. The procedure is repeated similarly to the previous one.
At the end of the process, doors are painted using stain, varnish or paint. In one layer or several depending on the intensity of the desired color. At the same time, do not forget to dry the layers for almost 4 hours each. On the stain, you can apply varnish in two layers.
Canvas installation
- Alignment of the opening by level.
- Gathering the door frame in size and checking it for level. Checking the rigidity and stability of the structure.
- Trying on the canvas and adjusting the dimensions if necessary.
- Fixing the structure with self-tapping screws, the heads of which must be closed with appropriate plugs.
- Sealing cracks with mounting foam and assembling cashing.
- Preparing the canvas: installing the handle, hinges and lock. Marking the location of the loops.
- Marking the location of the loops on the box and the opening for the latch. Groove preparation.
- Canopy on hinges and door adjustment. Fixing the latch plate.
As you can see, the process is completely simple, it is enough to act calmly and carefully, and you will not encounter the problem that your door does not close. Keep it up and you will succeed! Otherwise, you can trust the professionals!
DIY door photo
The quality of the offered interior doors, which can be purchased at most hardware stores, may not always satisfy customers. They can be beautiful, attractive, but the strength and durability of these products leaves much to be desired. Therefore, many home craftsmen have no choice but to make interior doors with their own hands. Moreover, there are no great difficulties in this if you select the material and follow a certain plan.
Materials for making canvas
Before starting work on the independent manufacture of an interior door, it is required to prepare the material. In most cases, a tree is used for this purpose. The canvas frame is made from it, as well as the door frame. In addition to the tree, can be used:
- Styrofoam;
- Cardboard honeycombs;
- Glass;
Styrofoam and cardboard honeycombs are used as a door leaf filler, it is not made from solid wood. These materials are lightweight, which is important for subsequent operation. In addition, the foam allows you to reduce the noise level, making the canvas more sound-absorbing.
The use of glass for the manufacture of interior doors is primarily due to the aesthetic side.. Such inserts visually expand the room, and also allow you to diversify the design of the room. Glass has one more property. It perfectly transmits daylight. Therefore, with glazed interior canvases in the corridors of the apartment it will be much lighter, even if the door is closed.
Fiberboard or its more advanced version MDF is used as a sheathing material. In the design of the canvas, these materials are responsible for the decorative finish of the future product. At the same time, MDF is the finishing element, but fiberboard will have to be further processed to give it an attractive appearance.
In addition to the listed materials, sheets of laminated chipboard can be used as sheathing. A rich selection of colors imitating natural wood makes this type of finish very popular. It should be noted that the use of laminated chipboard will give the doors more rigidity in the diagonals.
As a fastening material, you can use PVA glue or confirmations. To cover the finished canvas you will need varnish. If you need to add colors, then the problem is solved thanks to stains and tinted varnishes.
Required tool
The next stage of preparation will be the preparation of the tool that will be needed to make the interior door. You must have on hand:
- Manual or electric planer;
- Hacksaw or electric jigsaw;
- A set of chisels and chisels;
- Manual electric milling cutter;
- grinding machine;
- Miter box;
- Square and ruler;
- Hammer and mallet;
- Pencil and tape measure.
With such a set, you can safely begin the manufacture of any joinery product. You should also prepare a vacuum cleaner to quickly remove not only sawdust, but also dust, which should not be on the surface of the product during paintwork.
Manufacturing and assembly
When the preparation is over, it is the turn of the main work. You will need to follow these steps step by step:
- Take measurements;
- Process the material;
- Perform markup;
- Saw and assemble the canvas frame;
- Install accessories.
In order for the work to proceed quickly, and the product to turn out to be of high quality, it is worth preparing a drawing. Thanks to him, it is easy to mark up and not make a mistake with the configuration of the future door.
Panel door assembly principle Canvas measurement
Work should begin by measuring the doorway. This operation will allow you to calculate the dimensions of the box and canvas, as well as determine the configuration of the future product. If the opening does not exceed 80 cm, then a single-leaf door block should be made. With a larger size, you need to make two canvases to reduce the load on the hinges and give a more attractive appearance to the entire product.
The resulting size must be reduced in height and width by 2 cm. This is required to create an assembly seam obtained between the box bar and the slope of the opening. After installation, it is filled with polyurethane foam. With the help of the obtained dimensions, a drawing is drawn up, according to which it is necessary to make an interior door.
door leaf dimensions Such a guide should also contain the dimensions of the door leaf. To calculate them, you should subtract from the width and height of the opening the thickness of the box beam in the place where the quarter will be selected. From the resulting size, it is necessary to subtract another 4 mm in width and from 4 to 12 mm in height. These values fall on the gap that must remain for the free rebate of the door leaf. This defines all the data for the drawing.
It should be noted that the box beam does not have to be made for the entire thickness of the wall. The remaining space can easily close the extension installed after installation work.
Making a door frame
As soon as the drawing with dimensions is completely ready, you can proceed to the next stage of work. At this stage, the material should be processed and the frame of the door leaf should be prepared. To do this, use a planer.
For the frame of the door leaf you need to use planed boards For the frame, you can take an edged board 40 x 100 mm. The ideal option would be to purchase planed material, which will facilitate the work and significantly speed it up. But you can also use just sawn boards. They will have to be processed with a planer to give smoothness. During planing, you should carefully monitor the corners of the bars. They must have a strict 90 degree angle. You can check the work with a square.
Scheme of connection of frame elements Next, the parts are marked according to the dimensions indicated in the drawing. On them it will be necessary to saw off blanks. If the parts must be fastened with spikes, then all horizontal parts of the frame will be longer by the size of two spikes. For example, for bars 100 mm wide, a tenon 70 mm long is required for connection. In this case, 140 mm should be added to the workpiece size, which means two spikes on both sides of the part.
During processing, it is necessary to select a groove or a quarter in the sides of the workpieces. This is necessary to install glass or insert panels if solid wood was chosen as the door manufacturing option. This work can be done using a manual electric milling cutter. A cutter of the corresponding profile is inserted into the tool and a selection is made on the side indicated in the diagram.
The groove in the blanks is cut with a milling cutter Details for the door frame should contain a quarter, thanks to which the canvas can close the opening. It is also made by a milling cutter, setting the depth and width of the sample. The size of the quarter should be based on the thickness of the door leaf. You need to add 1 mm to it for a better rebate. The depth of the quarter must be at least 10 mm.
Fabric pre-assembly
When the frame parts are processed and the places for fasteners are sawn down, a preliminary assembly of the interior door leaf can be carried out with your own hands. This operation will allow you to check the correctness of the markup and sawing of all elements. Assemble the structure dry, which means without the use of glue. If the type of connection was chosen for confirmations, then they will simply need to be baited without performing a tight twist.
When all the parts are assembled and fastened, check the width and length of the door leaf. If deviations from the drawing are found, then it is necessary to adjust the parts. After finishing, the product is reassembled and inspected. If all parameters are met, you can proceed to the next step.
Marking and making cuts
Separately, mention should be made of the marking of parts and the execution of cuts. This is a step-by-step process, where an error can result in a rework of the entire product and damaged material. Therefore, all lines drawn with a pencil should be made only after checking the size. Yes, and the markup itself before starting sawing should be checked with the drawing.
When marking, you must strictly adhere to the dimensions When marking, you can add 1 mm to fit. In this case, even with uneven sawing off of the workpiece, it will be possible to fix it painlessly. If everything works out the first time, then the extra millimeter can simply be removed with a planer. To transfer the drawn line to the other side of the bar, you should take a square and attach it right at this point. Since the part has an even angle of 90 degrees, the lines on all sides will exactly repeat the markup made at the very beginning.
If spikes and lugs are chosen as the connection, then you will have to make a complete markup of these elements. The place under the nest should be located strictly in the center. To calculate this data, you just need to divide the thickness of the bar by 2, and then note the resulting number from any plane of the part. The size of the spike itself should be equal to 1/3 of the thickness of the workpiece. The width of the nest can be half a millimeter less than the width of the spike.
The eye should be carefully drilled strictly according to the markup, and then cleaned with a chisel. It is impossible to protrude beyond the edges of the lines, otherwise the connection will turn out to be weakened, and the structure will turn out to be fragile. According to the instructions, it is necessary to precisely fit the spiked connection, so a half-millimeter margin must be left.
Assembling the fabric and fitting fittings
When all connections are checked, and the dimensions exactly match those indicated in the drawing, the assembly of the door leaf begins. When studded, it is required to smear with glue the plane of the studs and the inner surface of the sockets. After that, the parts are inserted into each other, followed by padding with a mallet. If this procedure is performed with a hammer, then a small wooden block should be placed on the surface to be knocked out. In this way, damage to the assembled product can be avoided.
After assembling all the parts, there should be no gaps at the joints. If they are, then you should once again knock out this place. The ideal option would be to pull the canvas with wyms. In their absence, you can install a metal corner on the board, measure the width of the canvas from it, add 3-4 cm to this size and fix another corner. You need three boards on which the door fits. A wedge is inserted into the gap between the bar of the canvas and the corner and is knocked out until the cracks completely disappear.
The door is assembled until the cracks disappear. When the door is assembled, the cladding is attached to its surface. First, the sheets are cut to the size of the frame and then laid on it. Fastening is done with glue. Additionally, nails can be used. This operation must be carried out carefully and carefully so as not to damage the surface of the cladding, especially if it has a top coat.
Before laying the second sheet on the reverse side of the interior door, the filler is installed. To do this, foam or cardboard honeycombs are cut to the size of the free internal space between the details of the web. A tight fit will ensure the integrity of the future door. Next, the second sheet of cladding is laid and the canvas gets its finished look.
In order for the door to open, hinges must be installed. They are located at a distance of 20 cm from the edges of the door. Marking is done with a finely sharpened pencil. The nest must be chosen with a chisel strictly along the inside of the line, without protruding beyond it. The hinges in the seats must sit without gaps.. When the nest is ready and checked, the part is fastened with self-tapping screws or screws included in the kit. Read more about this in the article “Installing hinges on the door”.
Door hinges are fixed with self-tapping screws or screws Another element of the interior door is the handle. A lock is often inserted into it, which makes it possible to lock the room if necessary.
The hole for the lock is made with a drill The center of the handle should be 1 meter from the floor. The through hole for the lock is drilled with a drill. The seat is also cleaned with a chisel. After the tie-in of the lock is completed, there should be no gaps left. Read more about installing a handle on an interior door.
Installation of glass in the opening
If the interior door involves the presence of glazing, then it is necessary to prepare a glass cutter and select the desired type of glass. This element is inserted into a quarter, which is selected along the entire inner perimeter of the door. The glass is cut 2 mm smaller than the size of its installation space.
Glass cutting is done with a glass cutter If, after working with a glass cutter, the sheet has irregularities, they must be removed. For this you can use pliers. With a large residue (from 2 mm), another cut line should be drawn. This will make it easier and better to remove the excess. When the procedure is completed, you need to process the edges of the glass with sandpaper.
Next, the glass is installed in a quarter of the door. Fastening is done with a decorative layout, which is nailed with small nails. This ensures the possibility of a quick repair in case of damage to the installed glass.
Finishing the interior door
The assembled door, if it is not sheathed with laminated chipboard, needs finishing work. They can be of the following types:
- Coloring;
- Toning;
- Lamination.
Depending on the selected type of finish, appropriate operations are required.
Coloring
Before you paint the surface of the door leaf, you need to prepare it. And the first thing to do is to completely sand it. An electric grinder is ideal for this purpose. The tape for it should be taken not too abrasive so that there are no small scratches on the surface. Work is required in the direction of fiber growth. Perpendicular grinding is allowed only if it is necessary to level the surface and as a rough cut.
Before painting the door, its surface must be sanded. If there are chips or dents on the door, they should be puttied. The color of the putty must be selected according to the shade of the wood from which the canvas is made.. So, with subsequent painting, this place will not stand out against the general background. After applying the putty, you need to let it dry and sand it again.
Defects in the wooden surface are eliminated with putty Next, you need to clean the surface of dust and only then proceed to painting. To apply the material, brushes, rollers or paint sprayers are used. The latter option allows you to complete the job quickly and with the least paint consumption. During staining, there should be no streaks on the surface. They need to be removed. To get a quality painted door, you need to apply two or three coats of paint..
It is necessary to paint the door in 3 layers Toning
Unlike painting, door tinting involves the subsequent application of varnish. On the prepared surface, you need to apply a tinting material, which can serve as:
- stain;
- Mordant;
- Acrylic paint.
Any of the material types will give the wood a new color, leaving the texture open. The stain is applied with a brush, roller or spray gun. If necessary, the procedure is repeated after the material has completely dried.
As a tinting material, stains, mordants or paints are used. When the desired shade is reached, the canvas is varnished. More than three coats must be applied to achieve a glossy finish. In addition, each stage involves grinding with a fine emery tape. This will remove the raised pile and make the surface smooth.
lamination
An alternative to paints and varnishes is the use of films and veneers. The bonding of these materials is called lamination. For home production, the best option would be a cold gluing method..
The surface of the interior door must be prepared in the same way as in the case of painting or tinting. The film or veneer is cut to the size of the door leaf, making an allowance of up to 3 cm. Then, starting from one edge, the material is glued. If a self-adhesive film is used, then the protective paper is gradually removed from it as it is glued to the surface of the door.
Self-adhesive film is used for door lamination The veneer is applied to the glue, which is pre-lubricated with the canvas. Smooth the material from the middle to the edges. So it will be easier to remove the air that has fallen under it. If the bubble cannot be expelled, then it can be carefully pierced with a needle. This place needs to be pressed strongly so that the adhesive layer can connect the surface of the door and the veneer. Excess material at the edges is carefully trimmed with a knife.
Excess film is removed with a knife.
