According to one version, the name "Slavs" comes from the word "praise". This seems certain, because every Russian greeting is a doxology, even if it is silent.
Pre-Christian greetings
In fairy tales and epics, heroes very often greet the field, river, forest, clouds. People, especially young people, are told: "Goy, good fellow!" The word goy is very old, this ancient root is found in many languages. In Russian, its meanings are associated with life and life-giving force, and in Dahl's dictionary, goit means "to fast, live, be healthy." But there is another interpretation of the greeting "Goy thou!": some researchers argue that this phrase indicates belonging to the same community, clan, tribe and can be translated as: "You are ours, our blood."
So, the word "goy" means "to live", and "thou" means "to eat". Literally, this phrase can be translated into modern Russian as follows: “You are now and be still alive!”.
Interestingly, this ancient root is preserved in the word outcast. And if “goy” is “to live, life”, then “outcast” - its antonym - is a person cut off from life, deprived of it.
Another greeting common in Russia is "Peace to your home!" It is unusually complete, respectful, because in this way a person welcomes the house and all its inhabitants, close and distant relatives. Perhaps, in pre-Christian Russia, under such a greeting, they also meant an appeal to the brownie and the god of this kind.
Christian greetings
Christianity gave Russia a variety of greetings, and from that time on, by the very first words spoken, it became possible to determine the religion of a stranger. Russian Christians liked to greet each other like this: "Christ is in our midst!" - and answer: "There is and will be!". Byzantium is dear to Russia, and the ancient Greek language is felt almost native. The ancient Greeks greeted each other with the exclamation "Khairete!", which meant "Rejoice!" - and the Russians, following them, accepted this greeting. "Rejoice!" - as if a person begins a song to the Most Holy Theotokos (after all, such a refrain is found in hymns to the Mother of God). Another greeting that appeared at this time was more often used when a person passed by working people. "God help!" he said then. "To the glory of God!" or "Thank God!" - answered him. These words, not as a greeting, but more often as just a wish, are still used by Russians.
Surely not all variants of ancient greetings have come down to us. In spiritual literature, the greeting was almost always "omitted" and the characters went straight to the point of the conversation. Only in one literary monument - the apocrypha "The Tale of Our Father Agapius" of the 13th century, is there a greeting of that time, surprising in its poetry: "Walk well and you will be good way."
The triple kiss, preserved in Russia to this day, is a very old tradition. The number three is sacred, it is both completeness in the Trinity, and reliability and protection. So often guests were kissed - after all, a guest for a Russian person is like an angel entering a house. Another type of kiss is a kiss on the hand, which meant respect and admiration. Of course, this is exactly how those close to the sovereign greeted (sometimes kissing not even a hand, but a leg). This kiss is also part of the priest's blessing, which is also a greeting. In the church, they kissed the one who had just communed the Holy Mysteries of Christ - in this case, the kiss was both a congratulation and a greeting of a renewed, cleansed person.
The sacred, and not just the "formal" meaning of kisses in Russia is also evidenced by the fact that not everyone was allowed to kiss the hand of the sovereign (it was forbidden for the ambassadors of non-Christian countries). A person of lower status could kiss a higher one on the shoulder, and that one on his head.
After the revolution and in Soviet times, the tradition of greetings-kisses weakened, but now it is being revived again.
Bows are a greeting that, unfortunately, has not survived to this day (but remains in some other countries: for example, in Japan, people of any level and social status still bow deeply to each other at a meeting, farewell and as a token of gratitude). In Russia, it was customary to bow at a meeting. But the offerings were different.
The Slavs greeted a person respected in the community with a low bow to the ground, sometimes even touching or kissing it. Such a bow was called "great custom". Acquaintances and friends were greeted with a "small custom" - a bow from the waist, and strangers with almost no custom: putting a hand to the heart and then lowering it down. Interestingly, the gesture "from the heart to the earth" is primordially Slavic, but "from the heart to the sun" is not. Putting a hand to the heart accompanied any bow - this is how our ancestors expressed the cordiality and purity of their intentions.
Any bow metaphorically (and physically too) means humility in front of the interlocutor. There is also a moment of defenselessness in it, because a person bows his head and does not see the one who is in front of him, exposing him to the most defenseless place of his body - his neck.
Hugs were common in Russia, but this type of greeting also had variations. One of interesting examples- a male hug "heart to heart", showing, at first glance, the complete trust of men in each other, but in reality testifying to the opposite, because it was in this way that men checked if a potential dangerous opponent had weapons. A separate type of hug is fraternization, a sudden cessation of hostilities. Relatives and friends hugged, and also people in the church before confession. This is an ancient Christian tradition that helps a person to tune in to confession, forgive others and ask for forgiveness himself (after all, in the temples then there were people who knew each other well, and among them were offenders and offended).
Handshakes and caps
Touching hands is an ancient gesture that communicates a lot to interlocutors without a single word. Much can be determined by how strong and how long a handshake is. The duration of the handshake is proportional to the warmth of the relationship, close friends or people who have not seen each other for a long time and rejoice at the meeting could make a warm handshake not with one hand, but with both. The elder was usually the first to extend his hand to the younger - it was, as it were, an invitation to him into his circle. The hand must be "naked" - this rule has been preserved to this day. An open hand indicates trust. Another option for shaking hands is touching not with the palms, but with the hands. Apparently, it was common among the warriors: this is how they checked that the one they met on their way did not have weapons with them, and demonstrated their unarmedness. The sacred meaning of such a greeting is that when the wrists touch, the pulse is transmitted, and hence the biorhythm of another person. Two people form a chain, which is also important in the Russian tradition.
Later, when the rules of etiquette appeared, only friends were supposed to shake hands. And in order to greet distant acquaintances, they raised their hats. This is where the Russian expression "hat acquaintance" came from, meaning a superficial acquaintance.
"Hello" and "Hi"
The origin of these greetings is very interesting, since the word "hello", for example, is not simply reduced to the word "health", that is, health. Now we perceive it in this way: as a wish to another person for health and long life. However, the root "healthy" and "healthy" is also found in ancient Indian, and in Greek, and in the Avestan languages. Initially, the word "hello" consisted of two parts: "Sъ-" and "*dorvo-", where the first meant "good", and the second was related to the concept of "tree". Why is the tree here? For the ancient Slavs, the tree was a symbol of strength and well-being, and such a greeting meant that a person wishes this strength, endurance and well-being to another. In addition, the greeter himself comes from a strong, strong family. This also proves that not everyone could say "hello". Free people, equal to each other, were allowed to do this, but serfs were not. The form of greeting for them was different - "I beat with my forehead."
The very first mention of the word "hello" was found by researchers in an annals dated 1057. The author of the chronicles wrote: "Hello, many years."
The word "hello" is easier to decipher. It also consists of two parts: "at" + "wet". The first is found in the words "caress", "bend" and means closeness, approaching something or someone. The second is in the words "advice", "answer", "message" ... Saying "hello", we show closeness (and indeed, we only address close people in this way) and, as it were, convey good news to another.
Illustrations: Ekaterina Shestopalova
This language group includes almost all European languages and some languages of the Middle East.
1. The French "bonjour" in addition to France, Belgium and Switzerland will be understood in countries such as Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria, as well as in some African countries: the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Guinea, Gabon and Mauritania.
2. Spanish "ola": in addition to directly Spain, the language or Castilian, as it is sometimes called, is spoken in the countries of Central and South America except Brazil. It is also the second most spoken language in the United States. It is spoken by more than 34 million Hispanics.
3. Italians greet each other with the word "chao".
4. German is the official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Liechtenstein and parts of Italy. In these countries, you can hear the greetings "halo" ("hello") and "guten tag" ("good afternoon").
5. "Namaste" is the Hindi greeting. This language is spoken in northern India and Nepal.
6. "Salam" - this is how the inhabitants of Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, some regions of Uzbekistan and Bahrain greet, where they speak Persian, which is sometimes called Farsi.
7. The Greeks say "yasas" (""), "yasu" ("hello") or simply "I" ("hello").
8. In Yiddish (Hebrew), you can say hello like this: “sholem aleikhem” (literally - “peace be with you”), “gut morgn / tog / ovnt” (“good morning / afternoon / evening”).
9. In the Latvian language (Latvia), the following greetings are accepted: “labden”, “sveiki”, “chow” (informal greeting).
10. In Lithuania, they say “laba dena” in formal settings, “labas” or “sveikas” (addressing a man), “sveika” (addressing a woman) and “sveiki” (addressing a group of people).
11. Ukrainians say "hello" or "break".
12. In Belarusian, you can say “good morning / day / evening”, “good morning / afternoon / evening”.
13. The Danes greet friends with the words "hai" or "haisa". A more official version is "god dag" ("good day").
14. In Romania, you can say hello to a person like this: “buna ziua” or “salute”.
15. In Armenia, it is customary to say “barev” when meeting.
Kartvelian languages
Kartvelian languages - this, common in the Western Caucasus. The most famous representatives of this group is the Georgian language. Georgians, when greeting someone, pronounce "gamarjoba".
Uralo-Altaic languages
1. In Japan, they say "Ohayo/Konnichiwa/Konbanwa", which means "good morning/afternoon/evening".
2. Both in the North and in South Korea the greeting sounds like this: “anneon-haseeo”.
3. The Mongolians greet like this: “bayna uu”.
4. Almost 7 million out of 10 million live in Kazakhstan. The remaining 3 million settled in the Chinese province of Xinxiang, Uzbekistan, Russia, Mongolia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Tajikistan. Kazakhs pronounce "salyametsiz be" when greeting a person. The literal translation of this expression is "how are you?"
5. In Hungarian, the greeting sounds like this: “servus” or “sia”.
6. In Estonia, you can greet a person with the words “tere pevast”, which means “good afternoon”.
7. Finns say “hyva paivaa” (“good afternoon” or “hello”) or simply “my” (“hello”).
8. In Turkey, when greeting a person, they say “merhaba / meraba”, “” (“hello”, “hello”) or “gunnaydin” (“good afternoon”).
Afroasian languages
This language group includes the languages of the peoples of North Africa and the Berber languages spoken in the Sahara Desert. Representatives of the Arab world, greeting a person, pronounce "maraba". On the different dialects it may sound like "merhaba" or "merabah". Arabic is spoken in northern Africa and the Middle East. This is the main official language following countries: Algeria, Bahrain, Chad, Egypt, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Western Sahara, Yemen .
Sino-Tibetan languages
1. "Nee how" - this is how the greeting sounds in Mandarin. It is considered the most widely spoken language in the world due to the number of Chinese. It is spoken by at least 50% of the Chinese population.
2. Cantonese is spoken in South China, Hong Kong and Macau. The greeting "nee how", like "nee how" in Mandarin, means "you are fine."
Austronesian languages
1. In Malay, “good morning / good afternoon /” sounds like “slamat pagi / tengahari / petang”.
2. On the island of Hawaii, tourists are greeted with the word "aloha".
3. Tagalog is spoken in the Philippines. Say "kamusta" to say hello.
(from the Internet)Let's start with mother Russia and the peoples inhabiting it, as well as our closest neighbors, which are now called the "CIS countries".
- Erzya and Moksha (the peoples living in Mordovia) at the meeting say to each other "Shumbrat", which means "strong, healthy."
- Chuvash is a little more difficult. The official greeting sounds like "Yra kun", an analogue of the Russian "good afternoon". But if a Chuvash walks down the street and meets a friend, he will directly ask: “Where are you going?”. It is customary for a Chuvash busy with work to ask: “What are you doing?”. At the same time, they add: “Let him give strength.” When entering someone's house, the Chuvash inquire about health, and when they leave, they say: "Stay healthy." Young people have their own “preved”, which sounds: “Avan-i”.
- The Chechen greeting changes depending on the time of day. In the phrase “De dikka doyla shunna”, that is, “May today be good for you”, the first word changes: “de” (day), “uyre” (morning), “syure” (evening), “buysa” ( night). It is not known when exactly you will meet a person ...
- Pomors have several options for greetings. Seeing a person from afar, they proclaim: "Pa!" How to get past here? And now close: “Pa! How are you?". If a guest knocks at the Pomor's house, he will hear not the familiar “who is there?”, but “who is the wreck?”. In general, hospitable Pomors do not skimp on expressing feelings, even the most on-duty greeting sounds life-affirming: “Master! You will be healthy!
- But the Altaians are more prone to doubts and sympathetically ask at a meeting: “Tyakshi lar ba?”, That is, “is everything okay?”.
- Adult Tatars carefully ask as a greeting: “Isenmesez?” - “Are you healthy?”, And the young people say: “Salam”, that is, “Great!” (just like me).
- “Salam alaikum” is how Azerbaijanis greet and in response they hear: “Alaikum assalam”. As an option, it sounds “Nedzhyasyan?”, That is, “How are you?”. Just like in Uzbekistan, only “How are you?” in Uzbek it will be “Kaleisiz?”.
- Armenians say to each other: “Barev dzez”, that is, “Good to you”, Abkhazians: “Bzyarash bai”. And the Georgian greeting is painfully familiar: “Gamarjoba!”, Because it means “Be right!”, Or “Win!”. The words "right", "fair" and "win" in the Georgian language have the same root.
- Ukrainian greetings are not too different from traditional Russian ones. Is that "Shanuymos", which means "respect, take care of yourself." In western Ukraine, instead of “hello,” they may say “God forbid” and “Glory to Jesus Christ.” The phrase is still in use: "We are not beaten", that is, "we cannot be defeated." Such are the consequences of the Orange Revolution.
- As for the Russians, our on-duty “hello!”, the original meaning of which is a wish for health, has somewhat lost its meaning. Not many of us put sincere warmth and good wishes into this word. And you should! After all, all good things will come back to you!
- Let's start with the Japanese, because their commitment to tradition comes from the depths of centuries. Residents of the Land of the Rising Sun are generally very responsible for everything, including the advent of a new day. Their greeting "Konnitiva" means nothing more than "this is the day", or "the day has come". Moreover, you can say “Konnitiva” strictly from 10 am to 6 pm. Then "Kombanwa" - "Good evening" comes into force. They also have three types of bows. Saikerei (lowest) - for the most respected and wealthy, medium - with an angle of thirty degrees and light - with an angle of fifteen. When meeting with especially important people, it is not a sin to prostrate ...
- "Watch!" and “Do not know fatigue!” - the mountaineers of the Pamirs wish each other. Vainakhs call: “Be free!”, and Maori say something like: “Thank you for this morning”, “kia ora!”.
- The most flattering greeting among Hindus. They say: "Namaste!" which means: "I salute God in your face!". A greeting North American Indians it’s so luxurious in general: “You are my other self,” the descendants of the wise Aztecs assure ...
- Europeans have always been able to surprise, and in terms of greetings - too. Romans (French and Italians) and Germans (Germans and British) do not want to be in good health with each other, either at a meeting or at parting. "How do you do?" - says the Englishman, which literally means: "How do you act?". "Wie geht's Dir?" - the German will ask you, - how, they say, is it going? "Comment ca va?" - French "hello", the translation of which is "How is it going?". But the Italian is indifferent to the course of your affairs, he will directly ask: “Come sta?”, That is: “How are you standing?”. Why would it? Yes, all because in greetings people of one or another nationality express vital questions for themselves. If for us, Russians, the most important thing is health, our own and those around us, then for the Anglo-Saxons, activity is primary and relevant, and for Italians, stability. Still, so much wine is drunk in this country!
- The Chinese is also interested in the essential: "Have you eaten today?" “Nii-hau-ma.” The Zulus announce briefly and clearly: "I saw you!" - "Sakubona!", And the Navajo Indians life-affirming information: "Everything is fine!".
- What would you think? Gestures can also say hello! And this is not a banal wave of the palm, but something more expressive. For example, clapping your hands and curtseying is customary in the Zambezi. Representatives of the Akamba tribe (Kenya) spit at each other and consider it good tone. In the north of the African continent, the right hand is brought to the forehead, to the lips and to the chest. It means: "I think about you, I talk about you, I respect you." Polynesians rub their noses and pat each other on the back. Eskimos lightly punch each other on the head and shoulders, fortunately only men do this. And in Tibet, when meeting, they remove the headdress with the right hand, and put the left behind the ear and stick out the tongue - this is just the height of etiquette! An aggressive connotation is a greeting in Belize - there, greeting, they close their hands on their chests, clenched into fists. And in the state of Samoa, you can’t be considered an aborigine if you don’t sniff your friend when you meet.
So we smoothly moved on to a brief digression into the history of greetings.
- In the 30s of the last century in Germany, which was under fascist oppression, some freedom-loving and courageous patriots, forced to attend rallies, instead of the hateful "Heil, Hitler!" shouted: "Halb liter!". So, through laughter with tears in their eyes, they risked not only their freedom, but also their lives.
- The ancient Romans, rational and respectable citizens, wished each other health with the word “Salve!”, That is, “Be healthy!”. But the Greeks, rebellious and emotional natures, at a meeting exchanged the call “Khaire!” - "Rejoice!".
- The phrase that any schoolboy heard - "Memento more" - greeted each other in the Middle Ages, members of the Trappist order. Philosophically minded monks tirelessly reminded themselves and their brothers that one must live with dignity, for one cannot avoid retribution for sins in the next world.
- And, finally, the Russian greeting comes from the epics “Goy thou!” means the same well-known “Be healthy!”: since ancient times, our ancestors wished each other only health ... After all, etymologically ancient Russian word"goyim" is close to the Slavic and Baltic words with the meanings "genus", "care, supervision", "abundance", "heal", "strength", as well as the Avestan word "life". Just like the Russian word “to live” is related to the verb “goit” (“heal, care for” in some Slavic languages and Russian dialects).
And to all of you dear readers, I would like to wish the same and add a greeting adopted among Muslims: “Peace be with you!”. By the way, it is permissible only among equals... Author: Lika Khrustaleva
Cheers on different languages peace(pronunciation; in writing- below)
Barev dzez (Armenia)
Yasu (Greece)
Shalom (Israel)
Gomar Joba (Georgia)
Nihao (China)
Konishua\Musha-Musha\Konnichi wa (Japan)
Hello\High (England)
Gutn Tak\Hoy (Germany)
Assalam alaikum (Azerbaijan)
Hay (Sweden)
Bonjour (France)
Sanbona Bantwana (Zulu)
Terve (Finland)
Hello (Bulgaria)
Ola (Spain, Mexico, Argentina, Chile, Colombia)
Bongiorno (Italy)
Aloha (Hawaii Island)
Miraba/ Mirhaba (Turkey)
Dobr dan (Serbia)
Zdorovenki Bula (Ukraine)
Ahoy (Slovakia)
Par "Yor Tsez (Karabakh)
Guddag (Norway)
Terve (Finland)
Healthy!(Ukraine)
Pryvit (Ukraine)
Healthy bulls! (Ukraine) this is if you are on "you" with a person
Hello boo! (Ukraine) this is if on "you"
Dobryden! (Ukraine)
Alo (Romania)
Namaste (Nepal)
Noroc (Moldova)
Avan-i (Chuvash)
Noruon Norgui (Yakutia)
Salem-Isenmesez (Tatarstan)
Salam liyzhe (Mari El)
Khaumygygyz (Bashkortostan)
Mendvt (Kalmykia)
Salam alaikum (Azerbaijan)
Gamarjoba (Georgia)
Bzyarash Bai (Abkhazia)
Dzhech burech (Udmurtia)
Marhaba (Norway)
Savaddee (Thailand)
Sabaidi (Laos)
Apa kabar? (Indonesia, Malaysia) how are you?
Wanshang Hao , Huanying Huanying (China)
Save! (Latvia)
Nomoskaar (India)
Iiti (Egypt)
Chao (Vietnam, Italy)
Laba dena (Lithuania) good afternoon
Alyafundu (Korea)
Zen of kindness (Belarus)
Buongiorno (Italy) good morning or good afternoon
Buonacera (Italy) good evening
Salve (Italy) Hello. Formal, cool greeting (with the seller :))
Saluti (Italy) Greetings (rare). Usually if you say hello to someone.
Preved (Badonks:))
Amantrana (Sanskrit)
| Language/People/State | Greetings | Parting | How are you? |
| Azerbaijani | Salaam aleihum | Xudaafiz | Necainiz? |
| Albanian | Tungjatjeta | Mire upafshim | Si jeni? |
| English (Australia) | G"day | Catch-you-later | |
| English (America, UK) | hello | Goodbye | How are you? |
| Arabic (Egypt) | Ahlan wa sahlan | Ma'as salaama | Izzayak? (to a man) / Izzayik? (to a woman) |
| Arabic (Morocco) | Ahlen | M "a ssalama | labas? |
| Arabic (North Africa, Middle East) | Marhaba | Ma as-salaamah | Kif Haalak? |
| Armenian | Voghdzuyin | Maanak parov | Inchbess ek? |
| Assyrian (Middle East) | Shlama | Push b "shena | Dakheewit? |
| Afrikaans (South Africa) | goeie dag | Totsiens | Hoe gaan dit? |
| Bashkir | Kheyerle irte | Khau bulyghyz | Nisek yesheihegez? |
| Belorussian | Pryvitani | Da pabaczenia | Yak pazhyvaetse? |
| Bengali (Bangladesh, India) | Nomoskaar | Nomoskaar | Kamon aachen? |
| Bulgarian | Zdraveite | Dovizhdane | How ste? |
| Bosnian (Bosnia and Herzegovina) | Zdravo | Dovidjenja | Steima? |
| Hungarian | Jo Napot | Viszontlatasra | Hogy van? |
| Vietnamese | Chao | Chao ong (for a man) / Chao ba (for a woman) | Anh co khoe khong? (to a man) / Chi co khoe khong? (to a woman) |
| Hawaiian | Aloha | A hui hou | Pehea "oe? |
| Gagauzian (Moldova) | Gun-aydin | Saalyzhaklan | Nizha yashersyniz? |
| Dutch | hallo | Tot ziens | Hoe gaat het? |
| Greek | Geia sou | Khairte | Ti kanete? |
| Georgian | Gamardjobat | Nakhvamdis | Rogora khar? |
| Danish | God dag | Farvel | Hvordan har De det? |
| Jewish | Shalom | Lehit | Ma shlomkha? (to a man) / Ma shlomekh? (to a woman) |
| Egyptian ( Ancient Egypt) | Iiti | Senebti | |
| Zulu (South Africa, Lesotho) | Sawubona | Ngeyavalilisa | Unjani? |
| Ingush | Salam | Guddy vaj | Hwo fy diezh vy? |
| Indonesian | Selamat | Selamat jalan | Kenalkan? |
| Icelandic | godan daginn | Bless | Hvernig hefur pu pad? |
| Spanish | Buenos dias | Adios / Hasta manana | ?Como esta usted? |
| Italian | Buon giorno | Arrivederci | Come sta? |
| Kazakh | Salam | Qosh sau bolyngdar | Zhagdaiynyz qalai? |
| Kalmyks | Mendvt | Syan byayatn | Yamaran benet? |
| Karakalpak | Assalomu alaikum | ||
| Karelian | Terveh | Proraikua | Kui elat? |
| Kyrgyz | Salaam matszbe | Jakshy kalyngydzar | Abalengez qanday? |
| Kiribati | Mauri | Ti a boo | Kouara? |
| Comanche (American Indians) | haa | Aquetan | |
| Korean | Annyoung hasimnikka | Annyonghi kasipsio | Annyong hasipnikka? |
| Koryaks | mej | Toq | |
| Khmer | Sok sabai jie te | Lear heouy | Niak sohk sabai jie te? |
| Latin ( Ancient Rome, Vatican) | Ave | Vale (to one) / Valete (to many) | Quid agis? |
| Latvian | Sveiki | Uz redzejanos | Ka jums klajas? |
| Lithuanian | Sveikas | Viso hero | Kaip sekasi? |
| Luxembourg | Moien | Eddie | Wei geet et? |
| Macedonia | Zdravo | Dogledanje | Kakiste? |
| Mordovian | Shumbrat | Vastomazonok | Koda eryatado? |
| Ndebele (Zimbabwe) | Sawubona | Usal kuhle | Unjani? |
| Deutsch | Guten Tag | Auf Wiedersehen | Wie geht es Ihnen? |
| Norwegian | Goddag | Farvel | Hvordan star det til? |
| Polish | Dzien dobry | Do widzenia | Jak sie masz? |
| Portuguese | Ola | Ate a vista | Como esta? |
| Prussian | Kails | ||
| Romanian | Buna | La revedere | Ce mai faceti? |
| Russian | Zdravstvuite | Do svidanja | What dyela? |
| Serbian | Zdravo | Do videnja | How ste? |
| Sicily | Sa "benerica | Addiu | |
| Slovak | Dobry den | Do vision | Ako sa mate? |
| Thai | Sawatdi | Sawatdi | Pen yang-ngai? |
| Tatar | Isenmesez | Sau buligiz | Nichek yashisez? |
| Tibet | Kam sangbo dugay | Jema jai yong | Kerang kusu debo yimbe? |
| Turkish | Merhaba | Hoscacal | Nasilsiniz? |
| Udmurts | Ziechbures | Ziech lue | Kych ie ulish kody? |
| Uzbek | Salaam aleikhem | Hair | qandaisiz? |
| Ukrainian | Pryvit | Do pobachennya | Yak spravi? |
| Welsh | Dydd da | hwyl | Su mae? |
| Finnish | paivaa | Nakemiin | Mita kuuluu? |
| French | Bonjour | Au revoir | Comment allez vous? |
| Hindi (India) | Namaste | Pirmelenge | Ap kaise hain? |
| Croatian | Zdravo | Do videnja | How ste? |
| Chechen | marsha voghila | marsha "oila | Moagha du ghullaqash? |
| Czech | Dobry den | Zbohem | Jak se mate? |
| Chuvash | Salam | Tepre kurichen | Menle puranatar? |
| Chukchi | Ye "ti | Ta ga "m tewkwe" erkin | |
| Swedish | God dag | Adjo | Hur star det till? |
| Scottish | Guid mornin | Guidbye | Whit fly? |
| Esperanto (international language) | Saluton | G^is revido | Kiel vi fartas? |
| Estonian | Tervist | head aega | Kuidas laheb? |
| Japanese | Konnichi-wa | Sayonara | O genki desu ka? |
In the Zambezi, people clap and curtsy when they meet; in the African Akamba tribe in Kenya, they spit at each other. And members of the LiveJournal community "Preved!" greet each other in a very original way - using the so-called "author" vocabulary.
Russians say "Hello!". In the Pomeranian tradition, there are several variants of greetings. When you need to greet someone from afar, to attract someone's attention, they exclaim: "Pa!". And then they say everything else, for example: "Pa! How are you, Martha?". When they knock on the door, the Pomors answer not "who is there?", but "who is the crash?". The usual greeting does not differ from others - "Host! You will be healthy!"
In Altai, they greet with words that sound like this: "Tyakshi lar ba" - (is everything okay). Yakuts pronounce: "Noruon norguy" (hello). In Kazan, when they meet, they say: "Isenmesez" (Are you healthy), but the Tatar youth usually says "Salam" (Great). Erzya and Moksha greet each other with the word "Shumbrat" (strong, healthy). On duty, the official greeting of the Chuvash "Yra kun" is translated as "good afternoon". The Chuvash they meet on the street will be asked: "Where are you going," the worker - "what are you doing." Or they will say to him: "Let him give strength." Entering the house, they ask if they are healthy. Leaving, wish - stay healthy. Young people say "Avan-i" when they meet. The Mari people greet each other with the words: "Salam liyzhe" (hello) or "Poro liyzhe" (a particularly affectionate and friendly form of greeting). Bashkirs at a meeting say "Khaumygygyz?" (are you healthy?).
"Mendvt!" - Kalmyks say when they meet. Or they ask: "Yamaran Byaana?" (how are you). What is supposed to be answered - "Gem uga" (there is no illness). In the Chechen language, the greeting depends on the time of day. For example: "De dikka doyla shunna" (May today be a good day for you). In other cases, the first word changes - "De" (day), "Uyre" (morning), "Sure" (evening), "Buys" (night). "Yes, raishom horzh!" (good morning), "yes bon horzh!" (good afternoon), "de, hot horzh!" (good evening) - they say, meeting each other, Ossetians. "Hello" sounds in Nogai - "arus syzbe", in Circassian - "fi mahua fuua", in Karachai - "kyun ashhy bolsun", in Abadzin - "umsh bzita".
“Salam alaikum” is said by Azerbaijanis when they meet and they hear in response “Alaikum assalam”. Or say "Nedzhyasyan?" (How are you?). In Turkey, they often say "Märhaba" (Hello), but in the last 10 years, an abbreviated version of the Eastern greeting: "Salam" has also been used. They also say "Hyar vahtynyz kheyir" (May any time be good for you!). “Good (more precisely, “bright”) day,” the Turks can say in the morning or in the evening: “Gun aydin!”.
In Armenian, the greeting sounds: "Barev dzez" (good to you). In Georgian - "Gamarjoba", in Abkhazian - "Bzyarash Bai".
According to unofficial statistics, over the years of celebrating the Day of Greeting, each inhabitant of the planet received an average of 2 letters with greetings. A chain postal envelopes circled the whole Earth. Today "postal greetings" have replaced sms by cell phone or email over the Internet.
When meeting, it is customary to greet. Does everyone know what kind of magic words they pronounce, stretching out an arc of a hand (hand) to each other.
1. Hello - a wish for health: with dra, together with dra, with movement, with life. See drape, tear, etc. English related word drive. And in the word health the basis is dor - way, movement; ave - young grass, growth, growth. Initially, the wish to be healthy is to grow, make a career, wish fertility. Hello - welcome. A word with a stunning consonant from the variant "barev" - good, skilled work, experienced, divine hill, great skill. Norwegian, Swedish sconce - skill, skillful, skilled; ava (avi) - young grass, ears of corn, wish. Wish good harvest. Akin to the Arabic bra (g) - skillful and aba - ears of corn., but ava - moves, grows. And related to the Armenian barev - hello. Literally barev it - do it well, thank God, God is great, wish a good harvest, high milk yield.
2. The Chinese greet each other by asking if any of them have eaten rice: shefanlema. In fact, people living as neighbors adopt some customs, traditions, and also borrow words. It so happened that the Turkic greeting “Shifanle ma?” (ch; fanle ma). This phrase is borrowed and adapted to your language. Shifa - a cure for illness, restoration of strength. Shifa - good, shifanle - healthy, healing, medicine. Therefore, they welcomed, wishing for healing, not to get sick, so that diseases would be bypassed. Wish for health. The Chinese did not bother with translation, but took advantage of the similarity of phonetics. Another popular Chinese greeting is “Ni hao” – you are good. The phonetics is the same as the Turkic “ni hal?” - how are you? And the Italian "Chao" - hello. The Danes greet friends with the words "hi".
3. The French greeting bonjour is literally “beautiful day”, “graceful day”. Possible translation of "Good defense", "more".
4. Spanish "Ola" - older, more, great, divine. English all - everything, everything around. Same as bar. That is, "ola" can mean "everything" (good).
5. "Namaste" - this is the greeting in Hindi. This language is spoken in northern India and Nepal. Abbreviation for “N;m; esht; e;? (n; m; eshl; e;?) - what are you doing? Option: God is skillful, experienced, ost.
6. The Greeks say “yasas” (“hello”), “yasu” (“hello”). Translated "do", "move", "repair". Which can also be regarded as a wish for health. Yasu is also day, light, but yastu is night.
7. In Yiddish, Hebrew, you can say hello like this: “sholom aleihom” (peace be upon you). In the tradition of Muslims to greet "Salam alleykum", translated from Arabic "Peace be with you." But the initial type of greeting: from ala malaikum - with a beautiful god, protector, angel, work, offspring, etc. MLK - Lord, milk, milk, angel. But fat - puts, that is, there is an option "God willing", God will put it.
8. In Romania, you can say hello to a person like this: “buna ziua” - a good god, a beautiful god, or “here is a god.”
9. Georgians, when greeting someone, say “gamarjoba”. But the translation is not from Georgian “common cause”, joint work, unity, communication. Moon to help in the meaning of God help. Kamar (camar) - society, kamari - moon, kami - deity, kam - sorcerer, shaman associated with light, formerly a saint.
10. Tagalog is spoken in the Philippines. To say hello, say "kamusta" - a skilled god, success in business. Literally, kam mouth is an experienced saint.
11. In Hawaii, tourists are greeted with the word "aloha" - God, all the best. In Greek aloha - horse, rider, eget. Comp. with the sun.
12. In Amharic (Ethiopians) - ;enais;;ll;;. Silence, peace (you calve).
13. A lot of people heard the English greeting: Hello and the already familiar Chinese Hi. Without the prosthetic “h”, the usual ell is god, light and drink. Hallow - holy, consecrate, honor, revere. Halloa - greeting, exclamation at a meeting. All - everything, everything around. It is necessary to pay attention to hollow - empty, as well as bare - naked, naked, which could mean "not armed", no malice. The word bare contains the stem bar (is, exists) and bra (skillful, fruitful, skilled).
14. Arabs, in addition to the usual "Salam alleykum" use "marhaban", "marhaba" - good work, a good plow. March is profit, but mar haban is a bright plow, a heavenly harrow.
16. Armenians - Barev, Bar - skills, qualifications, ev - hill, mound, high. Great skill, high qualification. Bar - all around, the same as English. all; is, exists. English ave - hello, light; have - to have, to possess, is (exists). Comp. elves, elves - light.
17. Basques - kaiho. What's the matter? (kai, nisek).
18. Bengalis - n; moshkar (n; m; sh; k; r) - an expression of satisfaction, consent, contentment with fate, life. Honor, a lot of honor., honors. Namy; - honour.
19. Poles - Siemano, with God, with faith, I trust. With iman.
20. Northern Sami - Bures, the ability to produce, do, work. Honor, duty. The basis of Bur - is, exists, be able to.
21. Slovak - Servus, I work, I serve, I serve (I have the honor). Hungarian - Szervusz.
22. Swahili - Habari, to be able to do. Hujambo - more business, great. The same as Akbar. English Jam - squeeze, squeeze. Matches the handshake.
23. Tatar - Sawm;, Saums - like milk? Are you healthy? Saulyk - health. Saum - milk. Is; nme - is; n me? - Do you remember? Are you sane?
24. Croatian - Bok, god, good, god, good.
25. Cherokee - Osiyo, siyo, mother, god, spirit, seo, teo, through rotacism sir, Asia.
27. Estonian - Tere (tere), alive? But terra is earth, ter is god.
28. Bashkir -; aums; s; s;, s; l; m alleykum,; aums,; auls;,; and;;nme. There is the basis of how - to reap, squeeze, shake, milk, squeeze. The same basis in Chinese hao, eng. - hi, ital. - chao, etc. The Avesta mentions the drink haoma, the name of which cannot be translated by scholars or given a meaning (moreover, intentionally). Thanks to Turkic lambdaism (the quality of the Yakut, Chuvash, Uighur languages, etc.), they received hal (hal, x; l) - strength, state of affairs, health. If hay means milking, squeezing, then haum (haom) means squeezing, milking. And here there is a correlation with a handshake, squeezing, squeezing a hand. Drink in the Bashkir language ball, as well as honey. Probably a ball from the meaning “giving strength”, cheerfulness, x; l. And, as an option, uniting, reconciling, unity, together (berg;). In turn, rotacism gives a variant of the already familiar bar (g), sconce - skillful, experienced, everything around which comes from the Armenian borev, Russian hello, sw. - bra, Arabic - bar (g). The closely related word saul is a forest, with tall trees, for example, a pine forest. In the word boron, the same Bar - is, exists, everything, everything (all). But in English. soul - spirit, essence. There is a correlation with and; (consciousness, memory, reason), e; (spirit, smell) - and;; nlek, greeting and;; nme and further from English is, ara, be, have - to be, to exist (bar). In the Bashkir language, yakshi is good, in Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism, yakshi is one of the varieties of natural spirits associated with trees and acting as guardians of natural treasures. In conclusion. The Haoma drink, known from the Avesta, is something that has been squeezed out, milked. Suitable milk and further derivatives: koumiss, ayran, curdled milk. By the way, in English. cottage cheese - cottage, curd. In Bashkir;aty;, ;;rt... And yet, in Arabic there are no spaces when writing, so with;l;malleikum is written together. Gaps could be put according to the meaning, distort the meaning, give different meanings, which is used by many interpreters of the Koran. There are also random, interesting coincidences, for example, in Arabic, a hand is a bow, which is comparable to a greeting, a handshake. Or in Arabic zir; g - hand, in Bashkir - smart, dodgy, savvy, lively.
1. Hello. Expresses close, relaxed relationships and is widely used among young people.
2. Hello! stylistically neutral, appropriate in any setting and with a different nature of the relationship between the communicants.
3. Hello! The formal greeting is mainly used for people who are older than you in rank or age.
4. Good afternoon! Good morning! Good evening! Used depending on the time of day. It is very appropriate if you see a person for the first time that day.
5. Good day! comes from greetings good afternoon, good evening, good morning. A more convenient form for those who are in different time zones.
6. Greetings! somewhat archaic, with a touch of solemnity, appropriate in a formal setting.
7. Salute! colloquial, familiar, appropriate in an informal setting, in the presence of informal relations between speakers.
8. Hello! colloquial, colloquial, possible only in an informal setting, between speakers who are on friendly terms.
9. My respect. A very polite and dignified greeting, but it is used most often by older people.
10. Let/Let me greet you! It is used in official, solemn occasions, especially when addressing a large audience.
11. Great! male greeting. It is familiar, somewhat rude and has a colloquial character. If you do not want to look like a person with little education and insufficient knowledge of the norms of literary speech, try to avoid this greeting. And of course, it can not be recommended to girls!
Greetings from teenagers in Russian
1. Pis. Occurs in English the word "peace" - peace, hippie greetings in the 80-90s.
2. Hi. From English "Hi"
3. Hayushki. Derived from "hai"
4. Vaccinations. From "hello"
5. Respect. From the English "respect" - respect.
6. Hello Bro! "bro" is short for "brother" and is usually used to refer to one's closest friends.
7. How is it? - how are you? / how is life? Usually this question does not need to be answered, here it acts as a greeting.
In general, most Russian slang greetings come from the English language.
Comic Russian greetings
Russians are very playful people and there are many playful greetings in the Russian language.
Our to you with a brush - playful greeting: Hello! Hi! There are several versions of the origin of this expression. For example, according to the explanation of the famous theater critic V. A. Filippov, the expression is part of a more lengthy greeting of street hairdressers in old Moscow. Calling in customers, they shouted: "Our respect to you with a brush, with a finger nine, with a cucumber fifteen!" This meant that the client would be shaved with soap ("with a brush"), and the shaving cheek would be pulled back with a finger put into the client's mouth, or - which would cost more - a cucumber used for the same.
How many years, how many winters! - used when meeting people who have not seen each other for a long time. The expressiveness, expressiveness of the turnover is enhanced by the repetition of the word how much, and the mention of both summer and winter, as it were, lengthens the time of separation.
