On December 14, 1943, by resolution of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, the State Anthem of the Soviet Union, which is commonly called “Stalin’s,” was approved.
The music of the anthem was written by composer Alexander Alexandrov in 1938 for the earlier “Hymn of the Bolshevik Party” with lyrics by V. I. Lebedev-Kumach. After the victory at Stalingrad in 1943, a new chorus of this anthem was written: “... let it lead from victory to Victory!”
The new text of the USSR National Anthem was written by Sergei Mikhalkov and Gabriel El-Registan (real name Ureklyan). This text was chosen by Stalin from several dozen texts by other poets who carried out the leader’s order, set to the music of the party anthem. Later, composers Dmitry Shostakovich and Aram Khachaturian wrote their melodies to the same text, but preference was given to Alexandrov’s music.
The memoirs of Sergei Mikhalkov talk about how actively Stalin participated in the creation of the Anthem and in editing its text:
On the first version of the first line "The noble union of free peoples" Stalin makes a note: "Your Honor?" At the end of the third line “...created by the will of the people” Stalin's red pencil again asks the co-authors: "People's will?" Voroshilov explains to the unlucky poets: There was such an organization in tsarist times. Everything in the anthem should be very clear...- and continues. “Comrade Stalin believes that it is not appropriate to call him “the chosen one of the people” in the anthem, but to say about Lenin that he was “great” - this explanation to the second verse indicates Stalin’s real attitude to the importance of Lenin and his personal modesty.
The third verse was thoroughly edited by the leader himself when the poets were again invited to the Kremlin. Stalin suggested including several important thoughts that were omitted in the text. After the authors reworked the couplet, Stalin impromptu made the final edit:
- What invaders? Vile? What do you think, comrades?
- That's right, Comrade Stalin! Vile!- Beria agrees.
- Let's stop there! Comrade Shcherbakov, let this text be typed now.
Stalin's line sounded like this: “We will sweep away the vile invaders from the road!”
On the day of the solemn approval of the USSR Anthem on December 14, 1943 at the Bolshoi Theater, Stalin, addressing all the many participants in its creation, said:
— We adopted a new national anthem. This is a great event... Alexander Vasilyevich Alexandrov at one time created the music for the Anthem of the Bolshevik Party, which was most suitable for the Anthem of the Soviet Union. (Addressing Shostakovich.) Your music sounds very melodic, but what can you do, Alexandrov’s anthem is more suitable in its solemn sound. This is the anthem of a mighty country, it reflects the power of the state and faith in our victory. Comrade Shcherbakov! Apparently we need to adopt a resolution of the Council of People's Commissars? And set the day for the first performance of the anthem. Can we have time to command our radio to play the anthem on New Year's Eve?
As you know, since 1918 the anthem of the Soviet Union has been “Internationale”. Over the course of a quarter of a century, radical changes have occurred in the country, and hopes for the speedy completion of a world revolution and the general abolition of states, glorified in the International, gave way to the construction of a powerful socialist power on a single sixth of the land. The new Anthem fully reflected the new realities, new dreams and aspirations of the Soviet people.
Many people are still amazed at why all kinds of people feel taken aback at the sounds of this anthem, and many people’s hearts begin to burst out of their chests? The anthem was created in the most difficult year of the turning point in the Great Patriotic War. The deep essence of the solemn victory fanfare was subconsciously perceived by the victorious Soviet people as a symbol of their highest triumph. The new text symbolized the country's transition from the revolutionary stage to a new stage of power building and further development. Capacious and concise formula: "The indestructible union of free republics was united forever by the great Rus'" reflected the entire thousand-year Russian history, which became the foundation for the founding of the Soviet state.
The new State Anthem of the USSR was first heard on the night of January 1, 1944. On March 15, 1944, the anthem began to be performed everywhere. He contributed to the unity of the people in defending the Fatherland from the fascist invaders, calling for new exploits and achievements.
This anthem has undergone several editions. The first edition glorifies Lenin and Stalin. 1955-1977 the anthem was sung without words, because the previous text mentioned Stalin. But the old words of the anthem were not officially cancelled, so during foreign performances of Soviet athletes, the anthem with the old words was sometimes performed. In 1977, Sergei Mikhalkov created the second edition of the State Anthem of the USSR. The second edition glorifies Lenin's party, communism.
...Lenin's Party is a people's force
Leads us to the triumph of communism!...
And yet, time has shown that the Stalin anthem, born in the harsh years of the Great Patriotic War, is still quite relevant 70 years later. This anthem is much better suited to current circumstances than, for example, the created Russian state system.
USSR State Anthem (1943)
The indestructible union of free republics
Great Rus' united forever.
Long live the one created by the will of the peoples
United, mighty Soviet Union!
Friendship of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Soviet banner, people's banner
Through the storms the sun of freedom shone for us,
And the great Lenin illuminated the path for us.
Stalin raised us to be loyal to the people,
He inspired us to work and to deeds.
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
The happiness of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Soviet banner, people's banner
Let it lead from victory to victory!
We raised our army in battles,
We will sweep the vile invaders off the road!
In battles we decide the fate of generations,
We will lead our Fatherland to glory!
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
The glory of nations is a reliable stronghold!
Soviet banner, people's banner
Let it lead from victory to victory!
And as a bonus: Paul Robeson, USSR National Anthem (in English)
United Forever in Friendship and Labor,
Our mighty Republics will ever endure.
he Great Soviet Union will Live through the Ages.
The Dream of a People their fortress secure.
Through Days dark and stormy where Great Lenin Lead us
Our Eyes saw the Bright Sun of Freedom above
and Stalin our Leader with Faith in the People,
Inspired us to Build up the Land that we Love.
Long Live our Soviet Motherland,
Built by the People's mighty hand.
Long Live our People, United and Free.
Strong in our Friendship tried by fire.
Long may our Crimson Flag Inspire,
Shining in Glory for all Men to see.
We fought for the Future, destroyed the invaders,
and Brought to our Homeland the Laurels of Fame.
Our Glory will live in the Memory of Nations
and All Generations will Honor Her Name.
Long Live our Soviet Motherland,
Built by the People's mighty hand.
Long Live our People, United and Free.
Strong in our Friendship tried by fire.
Long may our Crimson Flag Inspire,
Shining in Glory for all Men to see.
On March 15, 1944, the USSR national anthem officially began to be used. It was created to the music of the song “Long Live Our Power” by composer B.A. Alexandrova. The words of the anthem were written by S.V. Mikhalkov and G.A. El Registan. Before this event, the role of the anthem of the Soviet Union was played by the International. The last time the anthem was played was on December 26, 1991 - on the last day of the existence of the USSR.
COMPETITION FOR THE BEST WORDS
Co-author of the text of the national anthem, Sergei Mikhalkov, learned about the announced competition for the best text of the anthem by chance. During the war, he very rarely found himself in Moscow, and one day in the summer of 1943 he accidentally dropped into the Aragvi restaurant, where he met several poet acquaintances who had come for lunch after an important meeting with Voroshilov. It was they who told the future creator of the anthem about the competition. Mikhalkov was not invited to participate in it, since Voroshilov demanded that all songwriters be collected, and Sergei Vladimirovich was considered a children's poet.
DREAM ABOUT ANTHEM
A few days later, his friend and future co-author of the anthem Gabriel Ureklyan, who appeared in print under the pseudonym G. El-Registan, came to Mikhalkov and said from the doorway that he had dreamed that he and Mikhalkov wrote the anthem of the USSR. To confirm the dream, El-Registan handed over a hotel bill; he was staying at the Moscow Hotel, on the back of which one could read “Great Rus'”, “Friendship of Peoples”, “Lenin”. So Mikhalkov and El-Registan decided to try their hand.
STALIN'S EDIT
Stalin himself personally made changes to the first version of the anthem of Mikhalkov and El-Registan. As you know, Joseph Vissarionovich had literary talent; his poems, by the then unknown Joseph Dzhugashvili, were even included in a Georgian language textbook for primary school in 1912. Stalin offered his own versions of epithets, which he found more expressive, and even made corrections to the punctuation. For example, the original version of the text began with the words “Noble Union of Free Republics.” Stalin proposed removing the word “noble,” since the Soviet people would associate it with the address “Your Nobility.”
APPROVAL OF THE ANTHEM
The final approval of the anthem took place at the Bolshoi Theater, where members of the government and Politburo, the authors of the anthem, and people of art gathered. To make the final choice of music and compare the anthems, the anthems of different countries were performed in a row, the old Russian anthem “God Save the Tsar!”, the anthems of D.D. Shostakovich and A.I. Khachaturian to the words of S. Mikhalkov and G. El-Registan and, finally, a separate version of the text with a new chorus to the music “Long Live Our Power” by composer B.A. Alexandrova. The last option was approved. According to Stalin, the anthem to Alexandrov's music more reflected the power of the Soviet Union and the people's faith in victory and sounded more solemn.
CHANGING THE TEXT OF THE ANTHEM
After the 20th Party Congress in 1956, when Khrushchev condemned Stalin’s personality cult, it was decided to remove references to the leader of the people from the anthem. Until 1977, the anthem was sung without words. A new version of the anthem text was also written by Sergei Mikhalkov. He removed references to Stalin, the happiness and glory of peoples from the text and added words about the party and communism.
METRO VERSION OF THE 1944 ANTHEM
After changing the text of the anthem, the original lines mentioning Stalin’s name can today be seen at the Kurskaya metro station on the Circle Line. During the reconstruction of the station in 2009, the historical interior was recreated, and the lines “Stalin raised us to be loyal to the people, inspired us to work and to heroic deeds,” removed after the 20th Congress of the CPSU, were returned. The metro administration said that the change of lines does not contain ideological overtones.
In 1943, Mikhalkov, together with military journalist Georgy El-Registan (Gabriel Arkadyevich Ureklyan), wrote the text for the National Anthem of the USSR, which was first performed on New Year's Eve 1944. In 1977, Mikhalkov created the second edition of the USSR national anthem.
In 1993, by decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, writer Sergei Mikhalkov was included in the Commission (co-chairman) for the creation of the anthem of the Russian Federation. In 2001, for the third time he became the author of the text of the national anthem, now of the Russian Federation.
Anthem of the USSR. 1943 text
Great Rus' united forever.
And the great Lenin illuminated the path for us.
Stalin raised us to be loyal to the people
He inspired us to work and to deeds.
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
The happiness of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Soviet banner, people's banner
Let it lead from victory to victory!
We raised our army in battles,
We will sweep the vile invaders off the road!
In battles we decide the fate of generations,
We will lead our Fatherland to glory!
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
The glory of nations is a reliable stronghold!
Soviet banner, people's banner
Let it lead from victory to victory!
Anthem of the USSR. 1977 text
The indestructible union of free republics
Great Rus' united forever
Long live the one created by the will of the peoples
United, mighty Soviet Union!
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
Friendship of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Lenin's Party - people's power
Leads us to the triumph of communism!
Through the storms the sun of freedom shone for us,
And the great Lenin illuminated the path for us:
He raised the people to a just cause,
inspired us to work and to deeds!
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
Friendship of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Lenin's Party - people's power
leads us to the triumph of communism!
In the victory of the immortal ideas of communism
We see the future of our country,
And the red banner of the glorious Fatherland
We will always be selflessly faithful!
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
Friendship of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Lenin's Party - people's power
Size 2 / 4 And 4 / 4
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| Pa- | rti- | I | Lenin - | si- | la na- | dear |
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| To celebrate us | commu- | nizma ve- | baby! | |||
| G 7 | C | (in the last | chorus) | |||
| To celebrate us | commu- | nizma ve- | baby! |
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II. Fret number.
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SONG “THEMN OF THE USSR”. SELECT BATTLE (BURST)
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SONG “THEMN OF THE USSR”. TEXT
Great Russia united forever.
CHORUS:
Lenin's Party - people's power
Leads us to the triumph of communism!
And the great Lenin illuminated the path for us:
He raised the people to a just cause,
Inspired us to work and to deeds!
In the victory of the immortal ideas of communism
We see the future of our country,
And the Red Banner of the Glorious Fatherland
We will always be selflessly faithful!
SONG “THEMN OF THE USSR”. AUTHORS
Soviet composer Alexander Vasilievich Alexandrov (1883-1946)
ALEXANDER ALEXANDROV
Alexander Vasilyevich Alexandrov was born on April 13 (April 1, old style) 1883 in the village of Plakhino, Ryazan province, into a peasant family. Alexandrov began studying music in St. Petersburg in the regency classes of the Court Singing Chapel. In 1900 he entered the St. Petersburg Conservatory, but interrupted his studies due to illness. In 1909, Alexandrov continued his studies at the Moscow Conservatory, graduating in 1913 in composition, and in 1916 in singing. In 1928, Alexandrov organized the Red Army Song and Dance Ensemble, which in 1937 won the Grand Prix at the World Exhibition in Paris. Alexandrov’s most famous songs are “Holy War” (1941) to the words of V. Lebedev-Kumach, which became the musical emblem of the Great Patriotic War, and “Anthem of the USSR” (1943) to the words of S. Mikhalkov and G. El-Registan. Alexandrov is also known for his arrangements for the choir of revolutionary songs - “Across the valleys and along the hills”, “Because of the forest”, “Chapayev the hero walked through the Urals”, etc., as well as Russian folk songs - “Down along Mother Volga” , “Don’t make noise, mother, green oak tree,” “Oh, you’re a Kalinushka,” etc. Alexander Alexandrov has the titles of People’s Artist of the USSR (1937), Doctor of Art History (1940), Major General of the Soviet Army (1943) and laureate of the State USSR Prize (1942 and 1946). Alexander Vasilyevich died on July 8, 1946 in Berlin. He was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy cemetery.
Soviet poet Sergei Vladimirovich Mikhalkov (1913-2009)
SERGEY MIKHALKOV
Sergei Vladimirovich Mikhalkov was born on March 13 (February 28, old style) 1913 in Moscow. Sergei Mikhalkov spent his early childhood on the Nazaryevo estate in the Moscow region, where the future poet received his primary education under the guidance of a German governess. Mikhalkov’s first poetic experiments date back to this period, which were highly appreciated by A. Bezymensky. In 1927, the family moved to the city of Pyatigorsk, Stavropol Territory, and in 1928, Sergei Mikhalkov’s first poem “The Road” was published in the magazine “On the Rise” (Rostov-on-Don). Then his poems and notes began to appear in the magazines “Ogonyok”, “Pioneer”, “Prozhektor”, in the newspapers “Komsomolskaya Pravda”, “Izvestia”, “Evening Moscow”, “Pravda”, and in 1935 the favorite work of many was published generations of children - the poem "Uncle Styopa". Sergei Mikhalkov is also well known as a satirist, the author of more than two hundred and sixty fables and satirical poems, as well as the satirical film magazine “Fitil”. Mikhalkov is the author of satirical comedies and scripts for feature films. As a playwright, he wrote about forty plays for children and adults. Sergei Mikhalkov was a well-known public figure - a member of the commission for State Prizes of the USSR and then the Russian Federation in the field of literature and art, chairman of the board of the Writers' Union of the RSFSR. Sergei Mikhalkov has the title of Hero of Socialist Labor (1973) and winner of numerous awards. Sergei Mikhalkov died on August 27, 2009. He was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy Cemetery.
Soviet poet Gabriel Arkadyevich El-Registan (1899-1945)
GABRIEL EL-REGISTAN
Gabriel Arshaluysovich Ureklyants was born on December 15, 1899 in Samarkand into an Armenian family. Gabriel Ureklyants formed his literary pseudonym from the abbreviation of the name “Gabriel” - El and the architectural ensemble of Samarkand - Registan Square. El-Registan began his journalistic career in the newspapers “Pravda Vostoka” and “Uzbekistanskaya Pravda”. In the early 1930s, Gabriel moved to Moscow, where he began working as a correspondent for the Izvestia newspaper, covering modern events in numerous feuilletons and essays: the construction of the White Sea Canal, factories in Kuzbass, Magnitogorsk and Stalingrad, Uralmash, Sibmash, etc. In travel notes and a number of books El-Registan displayed the results of his travels in the Pamirs, Tien Shan, Altai, Karakum, Kyzylkum, in the Karaganda region and Lake Balkhash. In the 1930s, El-Registan's collaboration with cinema began: in 1936, he wrote the script for the once popular film “Julbars”. During the Great Patriotic War, El-Registan was a front-line correspondent for the BBC newspaper "Stalin's Falcon". Among his literary works, it is worth noting the books “An Unusual Journey”, “Pathfinders of the Far North”, “Steel Claw”, “Great Fergana Canal”, “Moscow - Karakum - Moscow”, etc. Gabriel El-Registan died on July 30, 1945. He was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy cemetery.
SONG “THEMN OF THE USSR”. HISTORY OF CREATION
The prototype of the anthem of the USSR and the current anthem of Russia was created in 1938 by A.V. Alexandrov to the words of V.I. Lebedev-Kumach as part of an open competition to write the anthem of the Soviet Union. Many composers took part in the competition (including Dmitry Shostakovich), but on December 14, 1943, by resolution of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, the version of S. V. Mikhalkov and G. A. El-Registan was approved. The new anthem was first heard on the night of January 1, 1944, and from March 15, 1944 it began to be officially used as the State Anthem of the USSR.
From 1943 to 1956, the anthem was sung in its original version, which included references to Stalin. After the 20th Congress of the CPSU (i.e., since 1956), the anthem was sung without words, because Stalin was mentioned in the text. But the words of the anthem were not officially canceled, and therefore, during foreign performances of Soviet athletes, the anthem was sometimes performed in its entirety, with words about Stalin and the vile invaders.
In 1977, a new edition of the text appeared, approved by a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on May 27, in which the anthem existed until 1991.
On December 8, 2000, the State Duma adopted the draft law “On the State Anthem of the Russian Federation” in the third and final reading, and on December 20, 2000, the law was approved by an overwhelming majority of votes by the Federation Council. On December 27, 2000, the law “On the National Anthem of the Russian Federation” came into force. The music of A. V. Alexandrov was approved as the melody of the anthem, replacing the melody of the choir “Glory” from M. I. Glinka’s opera “Ivan Susanin”. On the same day, President Putin created a working group to consider proposals for the text of the National Anthem. On March 7, 2001, the third edition of the text by S.V. Mikhalkov and G.A. El-Registan was adopted as the official anthem of the Russian Federation.
It should be noted that in addition to Mikhalkov’s text, several more versions of texts were officially registered and submitted to the State Duma for consideration, many of which were openly humorous (see below). The famous poet Yuliy Kim did not stand aside, creating, not accepted for consideration, but widely quoted in Internet sources. Another curiosity associated with the text of the old new anthem is the story of Ivan Davydov.
SONG “THEMN OF THE USSR”. LISTEN ONLINE
STALIN'S OPTION
Red Banner Ensemble of the Soviet Army under the direction of A. V. Alexandrov
Conductor : Alexander Alexandrov
Video recording of the “Athletes Parade”
Song "Anthem of the USSR"
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BREZHNEV OPTION
Gosteleradio Orchestra (Big Symphony Orchestra of the All-Union Radio and Central Television)
Conductor : Vladimir Fedoseev
Alexander Alexandrov, Sergei Mikhalkov, Gabriel El-Registan
Song "Anthem of the USSR"
SONG “THEMN OF THE USSR”. OPTIONS
ANTHEM OF THE BOLSHEVIK PARTY (1938)
Lands of unprecedented free children,
Today we sing a proud song
About the party, the most powerful in the world,
About your greatest man!
CHORUS:
Covered with glory, welded by will,
Be strong and hello forever and ever!
Lenin's party, Stalin's party,
Wise party of the Bolsheviks!
You created the land of October on earth,
The mighty homeland of free people,
The state of the Soviets stands like a cliff,
Born by your power and truth!
Traitors, vile, rotten breed
You are menacingly sweeping away from your path!
You are the pride of the people, you are the wisdom of the people,
You are the heart of the people, you are their conscience!
Both Marx and Engels are fiery genius
The commune foresaw the coming sunrise.
Lenin outlined the road to the commune for us,
And the great Stalin is leading us along it!
NATIONAL ANTHEM OF THE USSR (1943)
The indestructible union of free republics
Great Rus' united forever.
Long live the one created by the will of the peoples
United, mighty Soviet Union!
CHORUS:
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
Friendship of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Soviet banner, people's banner
Let it lead from victory to victory!
Through the storms the sun of freedom shone for us,
And the great Lenin illuminated the path for us.
Stalin raised us to be loyal to the people
He inspired us to work and to deeds.
We raised our army in battles,
We will sweep the vile invaders off the road!
In battles we decide the fate of generations,
We will lead our Fatherland to glory!
ANTHEM OF RUSSIA (2000)
Russia is our sacred power,
Russia is our beloved country.
Mighty will, great glory -
Your treasure for all time!
CHORUS:
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
An age-old union of fraternal peoples,
This is the folk wisdom given by our ancestors!
Hail, country! We are proud of you!
From the southern seas to the polar edge
Our forests and fields are spread out.
You are the only one in the world! You're the only one -
God-protected native land!
Wide scope for dreams and for life
The years to come reveal to us.
Our loyalty to the Fatherland gives us strength.
So it was, so it is and so it will always be!
OPTION OF EVGENY PRIMAKOV
Russia has gone through a series of tests -
Now the fate of the Motherland is in our hands.
Let us all rise as one, Russians,
To make the country happy for centuries!
Hail, our united Fatherland,
Peace, dignity, honor stronghold!
Russian banner, invincible
It will lead us to new achievements!
SONG “THEMN OF THE USSR”. ALTERATIONS AND PARODIES
OPTION OF VLADIMIR VOYNOVICH
The indestructible union has disintegrated forever.
Great Rus' stands at a crossroads.
But how long will it remain indivisible?
I don’t presume to predict this for you.
To the free market from a shitty life,
Having descended from the heights of communism, the people
Under a tricolor flag with a two-headed eagle
And the Soviet anthem walks randomly.
CHORUS:
Hail, our free Fatherland,
Hail, obedient Russian people,
What constantly changes symbolism
And has no more important worries.
Once upon a time we lived under royal rule,
But then the dawn of October came.
We beat the bourgeoisie and destroyed churches,
And they also put the king against the wall.
Then they found his bones in the swamp,
They were sent to St. Petersburg for eternal rest.
Sorry, comrades Lenin and Stalin,
Because we have come to this kind of life.
Today we earnestly praise the Lord
And we pray to Lenin’s glorious relics,
We'll soon put Dzerzhinsky in his place
Then he would scare us at night.
We will give all officers an apartment,
And we will pay pensions to all the elderly,
And we’ll shoot all the terrorists, like in a shooting gallery,
And we will give all the oligarchs their brains.
We'll put corrupt officials in Butyrka,
So that they know how harsh our law is.
We'll give all the men a bottle,
And we’ll give the women a choice of men.
We wasted time in struggle and anxiety,
But now we're back on the right track,
If only there were fools and roads again
We were not prevented from reaching our goal.
WHAT JULIY KIM SINGS AT THE SOUND OF THE ANTHEM
Dear Russia, dear country,
Well, what are you, Russia, standing and singing?
again and again Mikhalkov's poems,
where every word is a cheap lie?
CHORUS:
Sing, my Motherland, sing, wretched one,
sing dear native land,
eternally obedient, eternally familiar -
sing what the gentlemen from the Kremlin order.
Victory was forged to this music
and built their own prison,
Stalin raised us for fear of the whole world,
and also ridicule - thanks to him!
Both the waters and the depths are immensely rich,
and everything is for happiness, but we are day after day
at the general parade we are all trailing behind
And let’s eat and eat this fresh water.
Ivan Davydov. DEATH OF A GYMNOSOPHIST
What's this? - Saint Peter looked with amazement at the crumpled piece of paper that the handsome old man held out. - Again, probably a certificate of righteousness from the Russian Orthodox Church? Well, Kiryukhin’s letters don’t work here, I’m tired of talking. Tired.
Well, what certificates. I just sketched this while I was flying. So as not to waste time.
What did you sketch?
Akathist? Or what?
Hymn. Hymn of the Kingdom of Heaven.
Be proud, inhabitant of heavenly paradise,
Now you are saved and glorified throughout the ages.
You are alone in heaven, you are alone,
God-protected country in the clouds!
Hail our Savior and Mother of God,
Hail, gray-haired guardian of the keys!
The party of the righteous ascends to heaven
In the clear radiance of light rays.
And who are you, exactly? - asked the amazed Peter.
Didn't you find out?
“Oh, well, yes, that’s not the place for you, actually,” Peter muttered, groping for the reset button under the table.
Feeling the cloud leaving from under his feet and seeing a gaping crimson abyss below, the old man sighed, took a notepad out of his pocket, and began to hastily write down:
Through holes in the ground hell shines brightly for us,
And the great devil illuminated our path!
Minister and Prime Minister, farmer and milkmaid, -
There are enough frying pans and forks for everyone.
Hail our underground prison...
In 1943, Mikhalkov, together with military journalist Georgy El-Registan (Gabriel Arkadyevich Ureklyan), wrote the text for the National Anthem of the USSR, which was first performed on New Year's Eve 1944. In 1977, Mikhalkov created the second edition of the USSR national anthem.
In 1993, by decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, writer Sergei Mikhalkov was included in the Commission (co-chairman) for the creation of the anthem of the Russian Federation. In 2001, for the third time he became the author of the text of the national anthem, now of the Russian Federation.
Anthem of the USSR. 1943 text
Great Rus' united forever.
Chorus:
And the great Lenin illuminated the path for us.
Stalin raised us to be loyal to the people
He inspired us to work and to deeds.
Chorus:
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
The happiness of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Soviet banner, people's banner
Let it lead from victory to victory!
We raised our army in battles,
We will sweep the vile invaders off the road!
In battles we decide the fate of generations,
We will lead our Fatherland to glory!
Chorus:
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
The glory of nations is a reliable stronghold!
Soviet banner, people's banner
Let it lead from victory to victory!
Anthem of the USSR. 1977 text
The indestructible union of free republics
Great Rus' united forever
Long live the one created by the will of the peoples
United, mighty Soviet Union!
Chorus:
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
Friendship of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Lenin's Party is a people's force
Through the storms the sun of freedom shone for us,
And the great Lenin illuminated the path for us:
He raised the people to a just cause,
inspired us to work and to deeds!
Chorus:
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
Friendship of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Lenin's Party is a people's force
leads us to the triumph of communism!
In the victory of the immortal ideas of communism
We see the future of our country,
And the red banner of the glorious Fatherland
We will always be selflessly faithful!
Chorus:
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
Friendship of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Lenin's Party is a people's force
leads us to the triumph of communism!
Russian anthem. Text 2001
Russia is our sacred power,
Russia is our beloved country.
Mighty will, great glory -
Your treasure for all time!
Chorus:
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
From the southern seas to the polar edge
Our forests and fields are spread out.
You are the only one in the world! You are the only one -
God-protected native land!
Chorus:
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
An age-old union of fraternal peoples,
This is the folk wisdom given by our ancestors!
Hail, country! We are proud of you!
Wide scope for dreams and for life
The years to come reveal to us.
Our loyalty to the Fatherland gives us strength.
So it was, so it is and so it will always be!
Chorus:
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
An age-old union of fraternal peoples,
This is the folk wisdom given by our ancestors!
Hail, country! We are proud of you!
ATTENTION for Ukrainian speakers: I’ll immediately inform you that the author puts the emphasis in the first word of the title on the first syllable.
A picture with the texts of the anthems of the USSR caught my eye, where on the far left is the original Stalinist version, in the center - in its later version - from 1977, and on the far right is the text of what gymnasts perform at various Olympics. I had heard about the differences before, but now I decided to take a closer look.
From 1955 to 1971, the anthem was sung without words, only music. It was necessary to somehow legitimize this state of affairs and abstract streamlined phrases were introduced into the text of the Anthem in 1971 instead of the original cutting eyes to the murderers.
Let’s try to compare and analyze the difference between the original Stalinist text of the Anthem of 1943 with the following “Khrushchev-Brezhnev” text, approved by the Presidium of the Supreme Council in 1977. Six months later, in the same 1977, the Stalinist Constitution of 1936 was abolished, replacing it with a new one, in which the honorable and obligatory “leading and directing” role of a single party was assigned.
Let's begin.
They didn’t dare touch the first 6 lines of the Anthem - another 20 years had not passed since Stalin’s assassination:
The indestructible union of free republics
Great Rus' united forever.
Long live the one created by the will of the peoples
United, mighty Soviet Union!
Friendship of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
The following two lines have been replaced, compare the original sound:
Everything is logical here - the Soviet country and its banner are the same - the people's, the banner is a target designation, it calls for doing objectively useful work - destroying enemies, which is noticeable from victory to another victory. Here's what they replaced it with:
It turns out that it is Lenin’s party that serves the people with strength! We heard, but doubted until 1991, until 19 million communists abandoned the people and the country to the mercy of predators and psychopaths. The people are to blame, of course - it was their own strength that turned out to be so. And the direction of movement, too - a clearly useful matter (protecting citizens) - was replaced with something virtual, which no one had ever touched or seen, moreover, which was not even described by science fiction writers - with communism.
In the next four lines, one was replaced by removing Stalin:
Through the storms the sun of freedom shone for us,
And the great Lenin illuminated the path for us:
Stalin raised us to be loyal to the people,
Inspired us to work and to deeds!
They decided that Lenin, in the period from 1918 to 1922-24. not only saved the country in the Civil War, pointed out the path of development of the country, but also raised the people to something:
He raised the people to a just cause,
And Stalin, from 1923 to 1953, hung around in a secondary role for 30 years, so it’s not worth even mentioning him. But it was Stalin - and the Soviet mother country - who raised those boys born in 1919-1921 who managed to bend all European fascism into a ram's horn (and this is 400 million people, when the population of the USSR is only 200 million) and people in space launched. First. Those children born after 1917 had their own biological mothers and fathers, just like those born in the 1960s and 1970s. The former built their country and defended it, while the latter took it to collection points for ferrous and non-ferrous metals. Both of them were with their fathers and mothers, but the latter did not have a father like Stalin and there was no longer that Soviet country(**) that raised the former “to be loyal to the people.”
In the next four, only one line was left - the still free Fatherland:
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
The happiness of peoples is a reliable bastion!
Soviet banner, people's banner
Let it lead from victory to victory!
leaving:
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
Lenin's Party is a people's force
Leads us to the triumph of communism!
I don’t know - why did Stalin’s murderers like “friendship for peoples” more than “happiness”? For me, happiness is a more useful thing than friendship, but the perverters of the original text knew better; they led the people to triumph, as<Ленин>they have raised the nations , so they led the peoples. Celebrations took place in 1991, control celebrations - in 1993, on New Year's Day 1995, from 1999 onwards everywhere.
Let's continue reading. Real, meaningful, completely understandable and specific text from people of action:
We raised our army in battles.
Let's sweep the vile invaders out of the way!
In battles we decide the fate of generations,
We will lead our Fatherland to glory!
replaced with some kind of liberal nonsense:
In the victory of the immortal ideas of communism
We see the future of our country,
And the Red Banner of the Glorious Fatherland
We will always be selflessly faithful!
Each phrase, as it turned out, contained a lie: they didn’t see the future because they were stupid, it’s not that they didn’t maintain allegiance to the red flag, but they swore allegiance to the flag of the enemies - the Vlasov rag, but no one remembers the victory of the idea of communism at all.
And in the final chorus they left the glory, repeating the already invented friend (scoundrels, as a rule, have a bad imagination):
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
The glory of nations is a reliable stronghold!
Soviet banner, people's banner
Let it lead from victory to victory!
Leaving:
Hail, our Fatherland is free,
Friendship of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Lenin's Party is a people's force
Leads us to the triumph of communism!
Notice how closely the words are placed in the source text, how logically true one follows from the other: the freedom of the Fatherland is a reliable bastion of not just anything, but glory. What is Slava? This is an honor, this is a high moral level in the eyes of others. What is friendship of peoples? The Kremlin people are friends with the Chechen people, they are friends with some other Western overseas peoples, and even with one Middle Eastern one. And the Russian people look at all this and... are also friends. But the Russian people no longer have Glory.
There is neither desire nor obscene words to describe what was added to the text of the Russian anthem in the 90s (another 20 years later). I’m trying to imagine a person for whom what is written there is the holy truth; the result is an unlikable character. You can draw your own conclusions based on reading the text of the Russian anthem.
* - if we consider the murder of the Chairman of the Council of Ministers IV Stalin as the beginning of the coup d'etat, then we can say that after March 5, 1953, the Soviet country no longer existed, only its rudiments remained, like the name. The speed and power of the country's development laid down under Stalin was so great that after 1953 it made it possible to launch a satellite (1957) into space and a person (1961).
** - what the commanders and major military leaders of the Soviet Army thought about the new text of the anthem can be understood from a memo from Abakumov to Stalin on December 23, 1943years, a week after the text was published in newspapers, taken from here:http://warhistory.livejournal.com/1195008.html I present only the beginning of the document.
Special message from Abakumov to Stalin about the reaction of military personnel to the new national anthem of the USSR
No. 343/a Sov. secret
STATE DEFENSE COMMITTEE
Comrade STALIN
The generals and officers of the Red Army approve of the replacement of the “Internationale” with a new national anthem, the text of which glorifies our great Soviet Motherland, the indestructible union of free republics, and “corresponds in its content to the cause and essence of the Soviet system.”
YAKOVLEV, Colonel General - Head of the Main Artillery Directorate of the Red Army:
“Abroad, this will be regarded as a step back, as a concession to the allies, but in fact it is not so. After all, how many such steps did we take during the war: we eliminated the commissars - nothing happened, we even began to fight better, we introduced general officer ranks, put shoulder straps on everyone - we strengthened discipline.
The Holy Synod was created, the patriarch was elected, the Comintern was dissolved and, finally, the International was abolished, and all this was for the benefit of the Motherland.
How can there be an “International” with a German beast that exterminated hundreds of thousands of Soviet people and turned our country into a desert?
The extermination of fascist evil spirits - these are the tasks that should now be set, and therefore everything that can accelerate the death of fascism should be used for this.”
NOVIKOV, Air Marshal - Commander of the Red Army Air Force:
“The content of the anthem is strong. Apparently, the music will sound just as strong. This event is quite timely, since the old anthem has already become obsolete and its content does not correspond to the spirit of the times.”
SEVOSTYANOV - Colonel, Head of the Engineering Department of the 5th Army of the Western Front:
“The new anthem of the Soviet Union corresponds to the present time and significantly reflects the role of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, Comrade STALIN.”
NIKITIN, Colonel General of Aviation - Deputy Commander of the Red Army Air Force:
“Wonderful anthem. Its contents are very, very durable. This is exactly the kind of anthem we need. The great strength of our people is felt in every word of the new anthem.”
DMITRIENKO, Colonel - Head of the Red Army Logistics Headquarters Department:
“The new anthem very correctly mentions Lenin and Stalin, which says that Stalin raised us to be loyal to the people.
This reflects the era of great people, the creation of the Soviet Union and the education of heroic people living in it.”
TEKMAZOV, major general - head of the intelligence department of the headquarters of the Belarusian Front:
“The new text of the anthem teaches us to love the Motherland, the fatherland specifically, and not in general. He puts together the meaning of the concept of the fatherland and, most importantly, that the Soviet Union was united by Great Rus'. The anthem speaks about the fatherland, and with these words, pride in everyone is born for their people and the union of all the peoples of the Soviet country.”
