Photo report do-it-yourself storage capacity sewerage. Tanks for collecting sewage. Types of plastic containers

Drainage and drainage diverts excess water either into a special drive, or simply outside the site. A storage tank for sewerage in a country house or in a private house is a necessary element of the drainage and drainage system.

Kinds

The storage tank is a well designed for settling and accumulating waste liquids from the sewer. The main purpose of this reservoir is not just the accumulation of wastewater, but the protection of the environment from pollution by them.

Classification is made according to the materials from which the well is made, and containers. Storage tanks for organizing sewage are plastic, concrete and metal. Plastic ones are the most convenient to use and easy to install. They are light, durable, not damaged by water, but at the same time they have some disadvantages.

In particular, plastic is susceptible to deformation under the influence of the pressure of the earth masses. To avoid this, they are installed either in a pre-prepared pit with fixed walls, or placed in a metal casing (mesh of reinforcement).

There are such reservoirs:

From PVC. The most common and affordable. On average, they have a wall thickness of up to 4 centimeters, light, durable, flexible;
Fiberglass. Reinforced with fiberglass, they perfectly tolerate the effects of water and temperature changes, but are destroyed by direct sunlight.

A concrete well is a standard drain pit. Effluent is very rarely diverted from it for further use. Most of these storages are located underground. They are:

Open. No bottom. In this case, some of the liquid simply goes into the soil;
Closed. They have a bottom and need periodic pumping of sewage.

Ideal for organizing the work of a storm or drainage system, it is very easy to equip them with your own hands. There are two installation options: buy a ready-made concrete container or dig a pit, make a formwork in it and pour the container over it. They can be made of reinforced concrete rings, square shapes. One of the main disadvantages of concrete storage tanks is their limited service life - they begin to break down after 10 years of use (for comparison, plastic lasts up to 50).

Metal tanks must be additionally protected against corrosion with special paints or enamels. They are considered more convenient than concrete, but less practical than plastic ones. In particular, they cannot be installed without additional help.

Photo: metal drive

Also, containers can be of different types of location. They can be installed vertically or horizontally. A vertical wastewater tank is used in narrow areas where it is not possible to prepare a large pit for a storage tank. Horizontal are standard and are applied on any possible types of sites.

Calculation

Before you buy a storage tank for sewage, you need to calculate its required volume. Many factors are taken into account to obtain the most accurate results. The most important of them is the number of people living in the house. On average, one adult uses 200 liters of water per day, in certain cases this figure can reach 500 and more.

Another important indicator is the cleaning time of the autonomous system. On average, wells need to be cleaned of water once every 30 days, but, depending on how much the drive has, this period can be extended up to 3 months. Here is an example of a calculation for a family of two people consuming 300 liters of water per day for each:

300 * 2 \u003d 600 liters, this is exactly how much is drained into the tank daily.

Let's assume that it is planned to clean the tank no more than once every 60 days. Means:

600 * 60 \u003d 36,000 liters - the approximate capacity of the storage well. 1 cube - 1000 liters, so you need to look for a drive of at least 36 cubic meters. Such models are often provided by plastic tank manufacturers.

Please note that if there is a child in the family, then it is better to consider the volume consumed by him, as for an adult - then the tank will be with a margin. Also, when choosing a drive, experts draw the attention of buyers to the fact that the maximum water level in the tank should be no higher than 1 meter to the lid.

Installation

The price for the installation of storage tanks for sewage depends on the type and area of \u200b\u200bthe device, place of residence and features of work. On average, they ask up to $ 20 for the installation of a small well.

For each house for a comfortable stay, it is required to supply water and equip a sewer to drain it. The most convenient option is to connect a household external sewer to a central system, which is not always possible to do. In this case, sewage tanks are used to collect and treat wastewater.

The storage tank for sewage is a large tank equipped with two holes:

entrance for connecting a sewer pipeline;
hole for cleaning the container.

In most cases, such a unit is installed below ground level. This allows you to save the aesthetic appearance of the site and space for other purposes.

Types of containers

Storage tanks are used to equip water flow in a modern external sewer system. Installing the device does not require certain skills, but the tank needs timely cleaning, which is carried out.

Depending on the material used for the production, sewer tanks are divided into:

metal;
concrete.

plastic containers

Tanks made from various types of plastic are the most popular.

Plastic containers for sewage have a number of advantages over units made from other materials:

have a relatively small weight, which is important when installing equipment;
the most hermetic. This factor is achieved due to the absence of welds;
durable, as the material is resistant to corrosion and the negative effects of aggressive substances contained in wastewater;
relatively low cost of the device.

metal containers

The second place in use after plastic is occupied by metal containers for sewage.

Such equipment is heavier than plastic. To install it, you will need to use a crane. It is not possible to install a metal container on your own.

Before installation, in order to prevent sewage from entering the ground, it is necessary to carefully treat all connecting seams with a sealant.

To protect the equipment from possible corrosion as much as possible, the tank is covered both inside and outside with a protective anti-corrosion material, which significantly extends the service life of the tank. Resistant paint, for example, XB-785 enamel, can be used as such a material.

Concrete tanks

Currently, they are rarely used for sewerage. First of all, this is due to the property of the material used.

Concrete quickly collapses from strong and constant humidity. Accordingly, sewer containers made of concrete last a short time. But the cost of installing such a unit is a lot. Due to the large weight, the tank cannot be installed without the use of special equipment.

Thus, for small private networks, it is advisable to use plastic containers for sewage.

To install a sewer tank yourself, you need:

calculate the appropriate amount of equipment and decide on its material;
choose the best place for installation;
install and test the system.

Calculation of the volume of the sewer tank

Before installing the entire external sewer system, it is necessary to determine the volume of the sewer tank.

The amount of equipment needed depends on:

on the number of people living in the house (it is especially important if the capacity calculation is carried out for a country cottage in which people constantly live);
on the amount of wastewater (on average, one person consumes about 200 liters of liquid per day);
from the expected period of cleaning work.

Specialists have developed a universal formula for calculating the volume of a sewer tank:

V=n*x*Vday, where

n is the period between cleaning works, measured in days;
x is the number of people permanently residing in the house;
Vday - the estimated volume of wastewater per person per day.

For example, 3 people live permanently in a house. It is assumed that the sewage tank will be cleaned every 30 days.

V \u003d 30 days * 3 people * 200 liters per day \u003d 18000 liters, that is, the tank must have a volume of at least 18 m³.

The calculation of the volume of the sewer tank is quite simple. But neglecting this procedure will lead to negative consequences.

Choosing a place to install a sewer tank

At the next stage of the equipment of the sewer system, it is necessary to determine the place where the container for sewage will be located. When choosing a location, you should be guided by the following rules:

so that the liquid can flow into the tank by gravity, the latter is located at the lowest point of the infield;
for the convenience of cleaning the structure, roads are needed along which specialized equipment can drive;
it is desirable that the pipeline leading the effluents to the tank be straight. This will save you from installing additional equipment, for example, rotary wells;
it is not recommended to install a sewage tank near the house, as unpleasant odors may occur. Too much distance between the house and the sewer tank will lead to the need to lay a long pipeline.

The most optimal distance from the house to the unit is 6 meters.

Installation of a sewer tank

To independently install a sewer tank, you must:

Dig a hole for equipment. The dimensions of the pit should be approximately 50 cm on each side larger than the dimensions of the container.
Put a layer of sand on the bottom, creating the basis for the container. If in the area where it is planned to install a sewage tank, clay soils are predominantly present and groundwater is close to the surface, it is more advisable to make a solid concrete foundation under the tank. This will avoid tilting the equipment, in the formation of which the device will quickly fail.

Install tank. Plastic containers for sewage must be installed strictly horizontally. If you cannot install the unit yourself, then you need to resort to the help of lifting equipment.
Connect sewer line.

Check all joints for tightness. To do this, it is necessary to put a large amount of water under pressure into the system.
Fill the container with sand on all sides.
Close the lid provided for the design of the tank.
Bury, leaving a hole on the surface for cleaning the tank.

Properly selected and installed capacity for sewage will last a long time.

The sewage storage tank is a simple solution for domestic systems. Installing the tank yourself is not difficult and does not require special skills.

To make your stay in the house comfortable and cozy, sewerage equipment is mandatory. It is most convenient to connect to the central sewerage system of the city, then you will avoid various problems and worries. But this is not always possible to implement. Therefore, the owners of private houses or summer cottages are forced to equip special cesspools on their plots. This may solve the problem, however, there are some nuances. If it is done technologically correctly, such a hole will cost you dearly, and the labor costs will be large. Moreover, it is almost impossible to ensure perfect tightness in cement-brick structures. On the territory of Russia, in the middle lane, groundwater is located quite high, so all the contents will be constantly on the surface of the site, polluting it and spreading unpleasant odors. That is why ordinary cesspools have been replaced by special containers that are designed to collect and store waste. These tanks are large tanks and cisterns in which the waste is sealed until the tank is cleaned. From this article you can learn how to install a sewer tank on your site yourself.

Varieties of containers for waste storage

If we talk about the types of such tanks, then there are two of them:

A septic tank is not just a tank in which sewage is collected and stored, it partially filters it. When sewage enters the septic tank, it enters the first treatment chamber through a pipe, where it breaks up into various separate fractions. Large solid particles settle to the bottom, and small elements with water move to another chamber, where they are "attacked" by bacteria. Fermentation processes take place in these chambers, as a result of which methane is released. In the third compartment, this water is partially filtered and enters the ground. That is why in some areas it is forbidden to install septic tanks.

The storage tanks are simply completely sealed and resemble a large cistern or barrel for storing something, and infiltration of waste from the sewer into the ground in this case is excluded. It turns out that you can use such containers in any area. The distinguishing features of such reservoirs include their shape and size. They are made both vertical and horizontal, and also have a rectangular or cylindrical design. If we talk about their capacity, then finished products can contain a fairly large volume - from 1 to 150 m 3 of liquid. These designs are equipped with two holes:

the first hole is the entrance to which the sewer pipeline is connected;
the second hole is revision, for cleaning the tank when it is full.

Most often, such a product is installed below ground level, after digging a special pit, where the unit is placed. Thanks to this, you can save the general appearance of the site and the precious space that can be used for other purposes.

It is worth noting that before buying a tank, you need to decide what material to buy the product from. After all, a lot depends on it. To help you with this, let's look at what these materials are and what the advantage of each of them is.

What are sewer tanks made of?

Depending on the material that is used, all sewer containers can be divided into the following types:

Plastic tanks.
Metal tanks.
concrete tanks.

Each material has its own advantages and disadvantages, which we will now discuss.

Plastic products

The most common containers can be called. They have a large number of advantages, which we will talk about later, and thanks to them they are so popular. In addition to the volume, they have no restrictions on the collection of effluents. All that is required of you is to complete the installation, after which the unit is ready to perform its tasks. The good news is that the installation is very easy, it does not require special heavy artillery, it is enough to use strong male hands. What are the advantages of such models:

Light weight, which facilitates the installation itself, allowing you to do everything yourself without any problems.
The highest tightness, which is achieved even during manufacture, because the product does not have any welds. Therefore, you do not need to be afraid that not very pleasant content will leak out.
Durability. As everyone knows, plastic does not corrode and is resistant to various negative effects of aggressive substances that are contained in sewage. The service life of such a product is 30 or even 50 years, which is quite good.
Good strength. Despite the fact that it is plastic, it is not inferior to metal products and can withstand various mechanical stresses and loads.
Relatively low cost. If we talk about the other two types, then they will cost you more, and transportation will also be expensive.

Metal products

Such containers occupy an honorable second place in terms of use for the collection and storage of sewage waste. Although earlier such designs were used more often, since many industrial enterprises fell apart, and it was very easy to get such barrels. The peculiarity of their installation is due to the fact that the tanks are very heavy, so you will need to hire a crane to install them. If you want to do everything with your own hands, this will not work for you. Take this into account when calculating, as you will have to pay for the rental of heavy equipment. Moreover, some costs should be allocated for sealing agents, since immediately before installation, all welds must be treated with them. Thanks to this, a good seal can be achieved, and sewage must not enter the ground.

The main advantage of metal tanks is that they are durable and reliable. They are difficult to damage: they tolerate mechanical stress and stress well. But there are still many more cons:

The metal is subject to corrosion. That is why before installation the tank needs an additional anti-corrosion coating both inside and outside. This can significantly extend the life of the product, however, does not completely solve the problem. Over time, it will simply rot.
A significant part of the tanks is made from thin sheets of metal, which, under the influence of aggressive substances, will not last long.
The high cost of the product.
Large weight, which complicates the installation process itself and makes it more expensive. Not only is the product itself more expensive, but you also have to pay extra for transportation services, hiring a crane, buying sealant and other installation services.
Limited volume. As a standard, barrels of 200-250 liters are used for storage and collection of wastewater. This results in you having to check out content very often, especially if you have a large family. Everything would be fine, you can do the work yourself (although it is inconvenient and you need to use special equipment), but where to put the waste then? Therefore, it is necessary to resort to the services of sewers, which is not entirely advisable for 200-250 liters.

Concrete products

Very rarely, concrete containers are used to collect and store waste. If earlier it would have been expedient, then today, when we have other materials that have excellent properties and are better suited for this purpose, concrete is much inferior. And this is mainly associated with the properties of the material itself. Concrete is simply helpless against moisture and water, which simply destroys it. That is why such a tank will not serve you for a long time. At the same time, you will spend a significant amount of money and effort on its equipment. Just as in the case of metal products, special equipment will be required to install concrete structures. It is not worth talking separately about some pros and cons, since everything is clear with this. Today, concrete structures are practically not used.

What material for waste storage to choose is a purely personal matter. You can compare the pros and cons of one type or another and pick out the best one. But to be honest, plastic designs are the most profitable. All you need is to calculate the required volume, buy the unit and install it, that's all! Easy, simple and reliable! Such tanks will serve you faithfully for many years, and they do not require constant care. Let's look at how to choose the right plastic tank so that it is convenient and lasts a long time.

Rules for choosing plastic barrels

So, having decided to use a plastic tank for storing waste, the first thing you need to do is go to a specialized store and purchase such a unit. But how to choose the best option? What are the selection criteria? Let's find out.

Considering all the recommendations, you can buy a container that fully meets your needs and that would serve for a long time and reliably. Now that everything is ready, you can proceed with the installation work, which you can do yourself.

Preparatory work for installing a sewer tank

The whole point of the job is that you need to dig a large hole under the tank and bury it. It all comes down to earthworks, for which you need to stock up on such tools:

shovel, depending on the number of assistants;
shovel;
buckets;
scrap, for working with soil in which there are a lot of stones;
a plumb line to adjust the verticality of the pit;
level;
a hammer;
roulette;
pegs and rope to mark.

Having all the necessary tools, you can proceed to the preparatory stages. They are often divided into 3 categories:

Preparing tools.
Calculation of the required tank volume.
Choosing the best location.

We have already dealt with the tools. As for the volume of the tank, as mentioned above, there is a special formula, thanks to which you can determine how much volume is needed. This formula looks like this:

V=n×x×V days,

V is the desired volume;
n - the daily period after which you want to carry out cleaning work;
x - the number of residents who live in the house;
V days - the volume of wastewater that is expected per 1 person per day.

For example, to understand, let's imagine a family that consists of 3 members. Approximately 150 liters of wastewater is consumed per person per day. You want your tank to be cleaned every two months, that is, once every 60 days. Now it turns out:

Using the calculator, you can immediately determine that your desired volume is 27,000 liters. It turns out that a tank of no less than 27 m 3 is suitable for your needs, which you will have to clean every two months. You just have to substitute your numbers and draw certain conclusions.

Note! Calculating the volume of a tank is quite simple. Although neglecting this point, it can lead to negative consequences.

Now you need to choose a suitable place on your site. Simply pointing your finger at any area you like is the wrong tactic. There are special tank placement requirements that must be followed:

In order for sewage to flow freely and by gravity into the tank, it must be installed at the lowest point of your site. Then the pipes will be located at an angle, and blockages will not form in them.
To make it convenient to clean the container, it is important to provide an entrance to the place so that the sewer machine can easily get there. Moreover, this must be done despite the fact that you plan to clean the tank with your own hands.
It is recommended that the sewer pipes through which effluent enters the tank be straight. Thanks to this, you do not have to install additional equipment, such as, for example, rotary wells.
In order not to "enjoy" unpleasant odors from the container, you should not place it too close to the house. But even if the tank is located far away, this will lead to additional waste, since the length of the pipeline will be longer. The most optimal distance from the tank to the house is 6 m.

All that remains for you immediately before work is to choose a place and proceed with the installation. This is what we will do now!

Installing a plastic tank

One of the important advantages of plastic products is ease of installation. Even if you do not have the proper experience in construction work and plumbing, you can do everything yourself. All you need is the right tools, following the instructions, some help from a friend or relative, and, in fact, a desire! Let's divide all the work into several stages, so that it is more convenient and understandable for you:

On this, all work is completed, and your tank is ready for operation. If everything is properly selected and installed properly, the container will serve you for many years, making your stay in your home comfortable and enjoyable.

And so that you can know when it's time to clean the container, you can use a signal float. Some products include such an element, but if you don’t have it, it doesn’t matter. It can be made by hand. To bring the idea to life, take a steel bar, a bright Styrofoam ball, an aquarium suction cup and liquid nails glue. So, first put a marking scale on the bar. Better - if it is luminescent paint. Place a suction cup on the end of the steel bar to be glued to the bottom. So the rod is securely fixed and does not damage the bottom. Well, in the end, you need to put a bright ball on the rod, which will move freely along your scale. Place the float so that when you open the lid, you can immediately see where your ball is located. It will indicate the amount of content.

As you can see, equipping a container for collecting sewage waste is not so difficult. All work can be easily done on your own without the help of professionals, who, by the way, would charge you decent money for this service. The use of such a plastic tank is advisable, the material has a large number of advantages, and this design will serve you for a long time. This, one might say, is an intermediate solution between a cesspool and a septic tank, and it is justified from an environmental point of view.

Video

The following video demonstrates the installation of a plastic sewer tank:

The arrangement of a private sewage system (cesspool) in a suburban area is one of the first tasks for a comfortable stay in the house. So, high-quality drainage of wastewater will eliminate the need to inhale the stench and deal with used water using the method of buckets and watering. Therefore, for the installation of a system for collecting and processing wastewater, it is necessary to carefully select containers for sewage, which will take on the “main impact” of wastewater.

Today, owners of private land choose a wastewater tank for a pit, not only depending on its price, but primarily on the type of material from which the sewage tank is made.

Important: before choosing a tank for collecting wastewater in a pit, it is necessary to carefully analyze the composition and properties of the soil on the site. After all, it is the soil that will exert its influence on the capacity from the outside.

Depending on preferences, the owners of summer cottages and private estates can choose a container for drains from different materials. A brief overview of the advantages of certain types of containers for sewage will help to determine more precisely. So, the modern market offers such tanks.

Metal tanks

These can be either standard barrels or containers with holes for supplying pipes of the receiving pipe, or self-welded tanks. Such a container for a cesspool will do its job perfectly, but no more. That is, a metal tank will be a good storage, but, unfortunately, the metal is not suitable for using it to create biological stations for wastewater treatment. Since the metal is subject to corrosion, which means it will affect the chemical composition of the organic matter in the tank. Thus, the process of biological wastewater treatment will be disrupted.

The advantages of a metal container for sewerage are:

Comparative cheapness;
Sufficient ease of installation;
The ability to create a drive from improvised means.

Of the minuses, we note only the tendency to corrosion, which means a short service life.

Important: after 3-5 years, a metal tank for drains will have to be dismantled and a new one installed.

Concrete storage

For a larger volume of drains and for the purpose of high reliability of the drive, many owners also use concrete rings as a material for creating a sewer tank. Concrete tanks in this case live up to expectations, but require a lot of effort for their installation. So, in addition to attracting special equipment for the installation of concrete rings, it will also be necessary to additionally seal the joints with bituminous mastic, as well as concrete the bottom in the pit.

Important: you can avoid processing joints if you use concrete rings with a euro lock. When connecting such elements, the lock closes, forming a tight joint.

The advantages of concrete tanks for sewerage are:

Relative durability. Sewerage tanks made of concrete last up to 50 years with proper care.
Solidity and immobility of the reservoir due to the large mass of concrete products. Thus, the ascent of the reservoir made of reinforced concrete is excluded.
Resistance to aggressive environment, in which there will always be a concrete tank.

The disadvantages of such tanks include:

High hygroscopicity of concrete. And this means that over time, the concrete well will be saturated with moisture from the soil and moisture from the inside, which will lead to the inevitable destruction of the walls of the container, or at least the appearance of cracks in it. As a result, you will have to clean the drive and carry out costly repairs.
The need to attract special equipment for the installation of rings. And for this it is necessary to ensure the access of cars to the intended place, which is not always possible without prejudice to landscape design.
The risk of shifting the concrete structure over time under the influence of heaving soil. As a result, the tightness of the well for drains will be broken, and significant damage will be caused to nature.

brick tanks

This type of tanks can be created independently if there are excess bricks on the site. This type of sewerage tank can be used if the volume of wastewater is minimal and the frequency of use of sewerage is minimized. The fact is that brick, like concrete, is hygroscopic and will accumulate moisture over time. After that, it will begin to conduct it into the ground, and this threatens to infect the soil.

Important: bricklaying for a sewer tank in a country house must be carried out in two rows in order to strengthen the walls of the sewage pit. In this case, the drive will need to be treated with mastic on both sides.

Advantages of a brick drive:

Ease of building a pit in the country;
The ability to save the budget and make a drive from improvised means;
The ability to independently vary the volume of the sewage tank for the needs of the house / cottage.

The disadvantages of such a tank include:

The need for additional concreting of the bottom for the tightness of the sewage tank.
Short service life. Such a storage tank will remain airtight for 5-7 years at the most, then the walls will crack and runoff will flow into the ground, which threatens to contaminate water in wells or wells, especially if the groundwater in the area is high.
The possibility of destruction of brick walls under the influence of moving and heaving soils.

Plastic containers

Plastic septic tanks are one of the most popular tanks today. Such containers for sewerage are presented on the modern market in a variety of designs and volumes. The special manufacturing technology of such tanks makes it possible to create a polymer whose strength withstands high tensile and compressive loads. Therefore, polymer containers are not afraid of any movement of the soil and its heaving.

Advantages of plastic tanks:

Maximum lightness of the product. To transport plastic cesspools, even one car is enough.
Based on the low weight of the structure, simplifies the installation of the product. So, you can install plastic containers for sewage into the ground with just four hands, inviting a neighbor.
The price of the finished product allows you not to think about the maximum cost of sewerage. The cost of a polymer tank is several times less than all those listed above.
In addition, plastic sewer tanks absolutely inert to aggressive environment. Thus, the service life of the reservoir can be calculated in tens of years.

Important: the only condition for the high-quality installation of such a storage tank is its anchoring to a concrete slab and the creation of a concrete / clay backfill around the tank. This will prevent the tank from surfacing, which can feel like a float in the ground.

The disadvantage of plastic tanks is their fragility under the influence of low temperatures. Therefore, during installation, it is also desirable to make a backfill from the insulation.

Polypropylene tanks

This polymer composition is many times stronger than even plastic, since emollients have been added to the composition for plasticity. As a result, polypropylene containers for sewage received a number of advantages:

Resistant to temperature changes and non-susceptibility to cracking as a result of their impact.
The durability of the service of the sewer structure. Tanks made of polypropylene serve from 100 years.
The absolute water resistance of the containers allows you not to worry about the state of the sources in the country house or near the country house.
Resistance to aggressive media and steam (during sterilization).
The presence of thick tank walls from 0.5 to 2 cm. At the same time, the tanks are equipped with stiffeners, which additionally protects the tanks from floating out of the ground.

Containers made of polyethylene

This is the most durable type of wastewater tanks. Such containers for sewerage are made with the addition of fiberglass threads to the composition of polymers. As a result, the walls of the tank perfectly resist heaving of the soil and its shifts. However, it is worth remembering that smooth compression and stretching of polyethylene containers for sewage is permissible and acceptable for the tank, but a sharp blow can damage the plane and lead to a crack.

The advantages of PET waste tanks are:

Light weight of the product;
Various tank configurations from square to spherical;
Long service life (from 30 to 50 years);
Resistance to aggressive environments.

Of the minuses of such tanks, only their fragility relative to a sharp mechanical impact.

Important: PET containers for sewerage must also be anchored and covered with concrete.

Principles for choosing a finished tank for drains

In order for the cesspool to remain airtight for a long time and work efficiently to receive wastewater, it is necessary to carefully choose a sewage tank. So, stick to these principles:

The sewer tank must have walls at least 1.5 cm thick.
It is desirable that the storage tank for sewerage already has ready-made holes for supplying a receiving pipe and draining wastewater.
The presence of an inspection hatch in such a sewer tank is mandatory.
The volume of the finished tank for the sewer pit should be calculated at the rate of 1 m3 per family member permanently residing in the country / house.

Important: and do not forget about the rules for high-quality installation of the drive (capacity for sewerage). Such a pit will serve faithfully without a threat to the environment.

In order for your stay in the house to be comfortable and comfortable, it is mandatory to have sewer drain equipment. The most ergonomic way is to connect to the central sewerage system of the city, then you will avoid various troubles and worries. But this is not always likely to be realized. Based on this, the owners of private houses or summer cottages are forced to equip special cesspools on their plots. This may solve the problem, but there are some nuances here. If it is done technologically correctly, such a hole will cost you dearly, and the labor costs will be enormous. Moreover, it is virtually impossible to ensure perfect tightness in cement-brick structures. In Russia, in the middle lane, groundwater is high enough, so all the contents will remain on the surface of the site, polluting it and spreading unpleasant odors. That's why simple cesspools have been replaced by special containers that are designed to collect and store waste. These containers are huge tanks and cisterns in which the waste is hermetically stored until the tank is cleaned. From this article, you can find out how to install a sewer tank on your site yourself.

Varieties of containers for waste storage

If we talk about the types of such tanks, then there are two of them:

A septic tank is not just a tank in which sewage flows are planned and stored, they are partially filtered in it. At the time when the wastewater enters the septic tank, through the pipe they enter the first treatment chamber, where they break up into different separate fractions. Huge hard particles settle to the bottom, and small elements with water move to another chamber, where they are "attacked" by bacteria. Fermentation processes take place in these chambers, due to which methane is released. In the third compartment, this water is partially filtered and enters the ground. Just on the basis of this, in some areas it is forbidden to install septic tanks.

Storage tanks are simply completely sealed and resemble a huge cistern or barrel for storing something, and leakage of waste from the sewer into the ground under such conditions is excluded. It turns out that it is possible to use such containers in any area. The distinguishing characteristics of such reservoirs include their shape and size. They are made both vertical and horizontal, and have a rectangular or cylindrical design. If we talk about their capacity, then the finished products will be able to contain a large amount - from 1 to 150 m 3 of liquid. These designs are equipped with two holes:

the first hole is the entrance to which the sewer pipeline is connected;
the second hole is revision, for cleaning the tank while it is full.

Much more often, such a product is installed below ground level, having previously dug a special pit, where the unit is placed. That is why you have the opportunity to save a non-specialized view of the site and a precious place that can be used for other purposes.

It must be emphasized that before purchasing a tank, you need to decide which material to take the product from. Because a lot depends on it. To help you with this, let's look at exactly what these materials are and what the advantage of each of them is.

What are sewer tanks made of?

Depending on the material that is used, all sewer containers can be divided into the following types:

Plastic tanks.
Iron tanks.
cement tanks.

Any material has its advantages and disadvantages, which we will now discuss.

Plastic products

The most common containers can be called plastic waste storage tanks. They have many advantages, which we will talk about later, and thanks to them they are so popular. Apart from the volume, they have no restrictions on the collection of effluents. All that is required of you is to complete the installation, after which the unit is ready to perform tasks. The good news is that the installation is very easy, this does not require special heavy artillery, it is enough to use strong male hands. What are the advantages of such models:

Light weight, which facilitates the installation itself, allowing you to do everything yourself without trouble.
The highest tightness, which is achieved even during manufacture, since the product does not have any welds. Based on this, you do not need to worry that not very pleasant content will leak out.
Durability. As everyone knows, plastic does not corrode and is resistant to various negative effects of aggressive substances, which are found in sewage. The service life for the product is 30 and 50 years, which is quite good.
Good strength. Despite the fact that it is plastic, it is not inferior to metal products and can withstand various mechanical actions and loads.
Relatively small price. If we talk about the other two types, then they will cost you more, and transportation will also be expensive.

Metal products

Such containers occupy an honorable second place in terms of application for the collection and storage of sewage waste. Despite the fact that earlier such structures were used more often, since many enterprises fell apart, it was very easy to get such barrels. The peculiarity of their installation is due to the fact that the tanks are super-heavy, so for their installation it will be necessary to hire a crane. If you want to do everything with your own hands, you will not have it. Take this into account when calculating, as you will have to pay for the rental of heavy equipment. Moreover, some costs are also allocated for sealing means, since all welds must be treated with them before installation. That is why it is possible to achieve good sealing and sewage must not enter the ground.

The main advantage of iron tanks is that they are durable and of high quality. They are not easily damaged: they tolerate mechanical action and loads well. But the cons are still much more:

The metal is subject to corrosion. This is why the tank lacks an additional anti-corrosion coating both inside and outside before installation. This can significantly extend the life of the product, but does not completely solve the problem. Over time, it will simply rot.
Most of the tanks are made from narrow sheets of metal, which, under the influence of aggressive substances, will not last long.
Great product price.
The enormous weight, which complicates the installation process itself, makes it more expensive. In addition to the fact that the product itself is more expensive, you will also need to pay extra for transportation services, hiring a crane, purchasing sealant and other installation services.
Limited quantity. As a standard, barrels of 200-250 liters are used for storage and collection of wastewater. This leads to the fact that you will often need to extract the contents, especially if you have a huge family. Everything would be fine, it is possible to do the work on your own (despite the fact that it is uncomfortable and you need to use special equipment), but where to put the waste later? Based on this, it is necessary to resort to the services of sewers, which is not entirely advisable for 200-250 liters.

Concrete products

Very rarely, cement containers are used to collect and store waste. If earlier it would have been expedient, then today, at a time when we have other materials that have good properties and are better suited for this purpose, concrete is significantly inferior. And this is mainly associated with the properties of the material itself. Concrete is simply defenseless against moisture and water, which simply destroys it. That's why you won't have such a reservoir for a long time. At the same time, you will spend a large amount of money and effort on its equipment. As in the case of iron products, special equipment will be required to install cement structures. It is not necessary to say separately about some pros and cons, since everything is clear with this. Now cement constructions are actually not used.

What material for waste storage to choose is a purely personal matter. You have the opportunity to compare the pros and cons of one or another type and select the best one. But to be frank, plastic structures are the most profitable. All you need is to calculate the required quantity, purchase the unit and install it, that's all! Easy, simple and reliable! Such tanks will serve you faithfully for many years, and they do not need constant care. Let's look at how to choose the right plastic tank so that it is ergonomic and lasts a long time.

Rules for choosing plastic barrels

So, having decided to use a plastic tank for storing waste, first of all you need to go to a specialized store and buy such a unit. But how to choose the best option? What are the specific selection criteria? Let's define.

Considering all the advice, you have the opportunity to purchase a container that fully meets your needs and which would serve for a long time and reliably. Now, at a time when everything is ready, it is possible to proceed with the installation work, which you can do yourself.

Preparatory work for installing a sewer tank

The whole essence of the work is contained in the fact that you need to dig a huge hole under the tank and bury it. It all comes down to land work, for which you need to stock up on such tools:

shovel, depending on the number of assistants;
shovel;
buckets;
scrap, for working with soil in which there are a large number of stones;
a plumb line to regulate the verticality of the pit;
level;
a hammer;
roulette;
pegs and rope to mark.

Having all the necessary tools, it is possible to proceed to the preparatory stages. They are usually divided into 3 categories:

Preparing tools.
Calculation of the required tank volume.
Choosing the best location.

We have already dealt with the tools. As for the volume of the tank, as mentioned above, there is a special formula, thanks to which you have the opportunity to determine how much you need. This formula looks like this:

V=n?x?V days,

V is the desired quantity;
n - day period after which you want to carry out cleaning work;
x - the number of tenants who live in the house;
V days - the amount of wastewater that is expected per 1 person per day.

For example, in order to understand, let's imagine a family that consists of 3 members. Approximately 150 liters of wastewater is consumed per person per day. You want your tank to be cleaned every two months, in other words, every 60 days. Now it turns out:

Using the calculator, it is immediately possible to find out that your desired amount is 27,000 liters. It turns out that a tank of no less than 27 m 3 is suitable for your needs, which you will need to clean every two months. You just have to substitute your numbers and draw certain conclusions.

Advice! Calculating the amount of the tank is quite simple. Despite the fact that if this point is neglected, this can lead to negative consequences.

Now you need to choose a suitable place on your site. Simply pointing your finger at any area you like is the wrong tactic. There are specific tank placement requirements that need to be addressed:

In order for sewage to flow freely and by gravity into the tank, it must be installed at the lowest point of your site. Then the pipes will be placed at an angle, and blockages will not form in them.
In order for the container to be comfortably cleaned, it is fundamentally important to provide an entrance to the place so that the sewer machine can easily get in that direction. And you need to do this without paying attention to the fact that you plan to clean the tank with your own hands.
It is recommended that the sewer pipes through which the effluent enters the tank be straight. That is why you will not need to install additional equipment, such as, for example, rotary wells.
In order not to “enjoy” unpleasant odors from the container, you should not place it too close to the house. But even if the tank is located at a large distance, this will lead to additional waste, since the length of the pipeline will be greater. The most optimal distance from the tank to the house is 6 m.

All you have to do before work is to choose a place and proceed with the installation. This is what we are going to do for now!

Installing a plastic tank

One of the major advantages of plastic products is ease of installation. In addition, if you do not have the proper experience in construction and plumbing, you can do everything yourself. All you need is the right tools, following the instructions, some help from a friend or relative, and, in fact, a desire! Let's divide all the work into a couple of stages, so that it is more ergonomic and understandable for you:

On this, all work is completed, and your tank is ready for operation. If everything is right to choose and install the container as directed, then it will help you for many years, making your stay in your home comfortable and enjoyable.

And so that you have the opportunity to know, at the time when it is time to clean the container, it is possible to use a signal float. The set of some products includes such an element, but if you do not have it, it does not matter. It is possible to do it yourself. In order to bring the idea to life, take a steel bar, a catchy foam ball, an aquarium suction cup and liquid nails glue. So, first put a marking scale on the bar. Better - if it is luminescent paint. Place a suction cup on the end of the steel bar, which must be glued to the bottom. So the rod is securely fixed and does not damage the bottom. Well, in the end, you need to put a catchy ball on the rod, which will freely move along your scale. Place the float so that when you open the lid, you can immediately notice where your ball is. It will show the amount of content.

As you can see, equipping a container for collecting sewage waste is not so easy. All work can be easily done on your own without the help of specialists, who, by the way, would charge you decent money for this service. The use of a plastic tank is advisable, the material has many advantages, and this design will serve you for a long time. This, perhaps, is an intermediate solution between a septic tank and a cesspool, and it is justified from an environmental point of view.