In accordance with Art. 153 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Housing Code of the Russian Federation), citizens and organizations are required to timely and fully pay for housing and utilities. The obligation to pay for the residential premises and utilities arises from the owner of the residential premises from the moment the right of ownership to the residential premises arises.
This norm in the Housing Code of the Russian Federation was originally and has not undergone much change since the introduction of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation. Every owner or tenant of premises in an apartment building is aware of the obligation to pay for housing and communal services.
Payment for heating in apartment buildings is perhaps the largest expense item for owners of MKD premises. Tariffs for a communal resource of thermal energy are established by a regulatory legal act of a constituent entity of the Federation.
It is well known that almost all resource supplying organizations (RSOs) in our country are monopolists and successfully lobby their interests, both at the level of the legislature when adopting laws and by-laws, and at the level of application and interpretation of already adopted laws.
If you look at the procedure for setting tariffs for utilities established by the federal legislator, then the tariff includes almost all possible costs of the RSO for the production, transportation and sale of a particular utility service.
It is not surprising that owners often try in one way or another to reduce their expenses for maintaining the premises in the MKD and payments for utilities.
One of these ways to reduce the financial burden, the owners choose to dismantle the heating radiators in the premises of the MKD in order not to pay for the utilities for heating. How legal this is, you have to figure it out in the future in the courts, which often make opposite decisions.
In accordance with Article 539 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Civil Code of the Russian Federation), under an energy supply agreement, the energy supply organization undertakes to supply energy to the subscriber through the connected network, and the subscriber undertakes to pay for the received energy. Payment for energy is made for the amount of energy actually received by the subscriber in accordance with the energy metering data, unless otherwise provided by law, other legal acts or agreement of the parties (Article 544 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).
According to paragraph 9 of Article 2 of the Federal Law of July 27, 2010 No. 190-FZ “On Heat Supply” (hereinafter referred to as the Law on Heat Supply), a consumer of thermal energy is a person who purchases thermal energy (capacity), a heat carrier for use on his own ownership or other legal basis of heat-consuming installations, or for the provision of public services in terms of hot water supply and heating
Order of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation dated March 24, 2003 No. 115 (hereinafter referred to as Order 115) approved the Rules for the Technical Operation of Thermal Power Plants, according to which the heat supply system is understood as a set of interconnected heat sources, heat networks and heat consumption systems. A heat-consuming installation is a thermal installation or a set of devices designed to use heat and coolant for the needs of heating, ventilation, air conditioning, hot water supply and technological needs.
In accordance with paragraph 4 of Article 2 of the Law on Heat Supply, a heat-consuming installation is understood as a device intended for the use of thermal energy, a heat carrier for the needs of a consumer of thermal energy.
According to subparagraph "e" of paragraph 4 of the Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 2011 No. 354 (hereinafter referred to as Rules 354), heating is supplied through centralized heat supply networks and in-house engineering heating systems of thermal energy, ensuring the maintenance in a residential building, in residential and non-residential premises in an apartment building, in premises that are part of the common property in an apartment building, the air temperature specified in paragraph 15 of Appendix No. 1 to Rules 354.
Thus, based on the literal interpretation of the above norms of the law, the provision of public heating services does not depend on the presence or absence of heating radiators in an apartment building. The main thing is that in all the premises of the MKD a certain temperature level is maintained by means of common house engineering equipment that provides the provision of utility heating services.
However, many courts think differently and the motley jurisprudence on this issue confirms this. In principle, over the past 10-15 years of our judicial system, we have already begun to get used to it.
Resolution of the Seventh Arbitration Court of Appeal dated June 21, 2018 in case No. А02-1288/2017:
«… When considering the claim for recovery from the owner of the debt for payment of thermal energy supplied to non-residential premises through which the pipeline of the heating or hot water supply system passes, both the belonging, functional purpose, condition of the latter (common house property, transit networks, insulation) and the presence ( absence) in non-residential premises of heating devices (radiators), compliance of temperature with standard indicators.
... The Court of Appeal cannot agree with the defendant's arguments that heat losses in the heating system of the common property of the owners located in the basement floor of the MKD are included in the tariff of the resource supplying organization on the following grounds.
Heat losses in pipelines and heating mains of the resource supplying organization are included only on those pipelines and heating mains that are owned by the resource supplying organization and are on their balance sheet. In accordance with Contract No. 318 for heat supply and hot water supply dated July 01, 2015 between OJSC Gorno-Altaiskoye Housing and Public Utilities and LLC Management Company Doverie Plus, an appendix to the contract, the boundary of operational responsibility, the outer side of the foundation of MKD No. 14/1 on the street. p. Sukhova.
Refusal from centralized heat supply and transition to autonomous heat supply is possible only for an apartment building as a whole, if there is an appropriate decision of the general meeting of owners and a project for the reconstruction of internal engineering systems, and not its individual premises .
By the decision of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of January 14, 2014 No. AKPI 13-1157 and of 07.05.2015 No. AKPI 15-198, it is indicated that the payment for heating is paid by all owners of premises (including those who switched to autonomous individual heating) in proportion to the area of the room, based on the standard for heating or the readings of a common house meter. There is no other procedure for calculating payment for heating, including for premises that have switched to individual heating.
CJSC "SU-3" did not provide other evidence of alternative heating of non-residential premises of the project agreed in accordance with the legislation for other heating of non-residential premises of the basement.
In the case materials, the defendant, in violation of Article 65 of the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, did not provide evidence indicating that during the disputed period the defendant, as the owner of the premises, did not use the services of the plaintiff, or evidence of independent incurring the costs of paying for energy, as well as no evidence of the provision by service persons .
In view of the foregoing, since the fact of the defendant’s untimely fulfillment of obligations to pay for heating was established by the case materials and the defendant was not refuted by relevant and admissible evidence in violation of Article 65 of the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the court of first instance had no grounds to exclude the amount charged for the supply of heat energy from the claims.
The conclusions of the courts on the legality of charging heating in the absence of radiators are contained in the following judicial acts:
Decree 13 of the AAC of October 23, 2017 No. 13AP-17530/2017, 13AP-17532/2017 in case No. A42-9131/2016
Decree of the Arbitration Court of the Volga District dated September 12, 2017 No. F06-24686/2017 in case No. A12-48753/2016
Opposite conclusions are also contained in the following judicial acts, which are the majority.
Decree of the AC of the West Siberian District 003/06/2018 in case No. А44-9051/2016:
“…At the same time, the court came to the conclusion that in this case the entrepreneur has no obligation to pay the cost of the heat energy attributable to his share for heating.
The right of the utility service provider to collect payment for heating non-residential premises in an apartment building arises as a result of the supply of thermal energy to these premises through centralized heating networks in the amount necessary to ensure the standard temperature in the premises.
According to paragraph 4.5 of Appendix No. B of the Code of Rules for the Design and Construction of SP 23-101-2004, a heated basement means a basement in which heating devices are provided to maintain the set temperature.
The court found that through the premises of the defendant pass common house heating networks, namely the common main pipe and heating risers; there are no heating radiators in the room; heating pipes laid through the room are thermally insulated.
According to the expert opinion, made by court ruling on the appointment of a forensic examination, central heating pipelines and risers were laid along the perimeter of the walls of the building within the investigated non-residential premises, however, the elements of the heating system are thermally insulated with foamed rubber pipes, there are no heating appliances in the non-residential premises, heating devices are not connected.
An expert on the fact of studying the project documentation of an apartment building found that the house was originally designed with a built-in and attached store for manufactured goods with a basement and, according to the adjustment of the project documentation made in 2006, the construction object was a 5-storey residential building with a technical underground, and the design documentation completed in 2010 year, it is planned to redevelop the existing premises of the basement of the house for technical premises, in connection with which it was envisaged to install water central heating from the existing heating network, as well as to install heating radiators connected to the heat supply network.
At the same time, the expert pointed out that the design solutions for the built-in premises under the section "Heating and ventilation" were not implemented, and the fact that metal main pipes can be used as heating devices was not confirmed during the study; the thermal insulation of the pipes is of high quality, the walls in which the heating system is located in the respondent's room are made of plasterboard; work on the installation of heating devices (heating radiators) and laying of air ducts, originally provided for by the design documentation, has not been carried out, as well as the reconstruction of the heating system.
The heating system of the residential building is in a satisfactory condition, and taking into account the thermal insulation of the pipes, as well as the work actually done in the room to insulate the walls, it is not able to have a noticeable effect on the parameters of the microclimate of the room. There is no evidence to the contrary in the case.”
Determination of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation of August 30, 2016 No. 71-KG16-12:
“... The absence in a non-residential premises located in the basement of an MKD of its own heating system, heat-consuming installations, heat-receiving devices (radiators), the fact that a heat pipeline passes through a non-residential premises does not indicate that there are grounds for charging the owner or other owner of such premises for heating, actually representing the technological consumption (losses) of thermal energy in the networks.
Similar conclusions are also contained in the following decisions of the courts:
Decision of the Arbitration Court of the North-Western District of June 19, 2018 in case No. А05-9771/2016
Decree of the Arbitration Court of the Volga District dated January 19, 2018 in case No. А12-11059/2017
Decision of the Arbitration Court of the North-Western District of April 27, 2018 in case No. А05-4636/2017
Thus, the courts refuse to collect payments for a heating utility service if the design documentation does not provide for a heating system in the room, and the main pipes are insulated in accordance with the project.
And positive court decisions on the collection of payments are made in the event of an independent, uncoordinated dismantling of heating radiators by the owner or in the case when the premises are heated by uninsulated main pipes located in the premises.
But these conclusions and the court decisions confirming them do not at all guarantee that in your case a decision will be made similar to those given. As you know, we don’t have case law in Russia, and what conclusions the court will lead to by its “inner conviction” - only God knows, well, the court itself ...
The management company told us that this year they are going to install a new house heat meter in our high-rise building. In the meantime, it will be changed, we will have to pay for heating at higher rates. Explain whether they can charge us too much and how they generally calculate the payment for heat?
Denis Potapov. Southwestern District.
As explained in the capital's mayor's office, if the general house heat meter works properly all year round, the heating fee is charged according to the average calculated readings of the house meter for the past year. This is necessary to evenly distribute the amount throughout the year. That is, every month we pay for heat 1/12 of the total heat accounted for by the house meter for the past year. The management company divides the amount of heat that, according to the meter, heated the house last year, by 12 months. The resulting figure is divided by the total area of the entire house and multiplied by the total area of a particular apartment and the current tariff (see "Specific").
At the end of the year, the management company compares the resulting figure with the amount of heat actually used and changes the amount depending on whether the house spent more or less heat this year than last year. The payment adjustment is indicated in the receipt in the "Recalculation" column.
BY REGULATIONS OR IN FACT
If there was a break in the work of the house heat meter for at least a month (for example, the device broke down or the management company did not transfer the meter readings to the heat supplier), then residents will pay for heating this year according to the meter data for last year. And next year - already according to the standard. The payment for heat in a residential building is affected by the number of floors, the material of the walls, the year of construction, and the work of the management company for energy saving in the building. On average, the price for heating one square meter in houses where a house heat meter is installed is from 23.11 rubles. up to 29.42 rubles. And in houses where they pay for heat according to the standard - more than 33 rubles, that is, the amount in receipts can be more.
WHERE TO COMPLAINT
If the tenants of the house doubt the correctness of the amount in the payment, they can apply to the Moscow Housing Inspectorate with a request to check utility bills. A complaint can be sent to:
I wrote in the topic of Quarter A101, but this question arises among residents of almost all houses, so I create a topic in the general section.
So let's figure out why in all new buildings there is at least a common house meter, and in houses with horizontal heating distribution there is also an apartment meter, but bills are issued all year round and according to the standard?
First, let's figure out according to what regulations the payment for heating is calculated.
There is which reads in particular:
In accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 27, 2012 N 857 "On the peculiarities of the application in 2012-2014 of the Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings", the Moscow Government decides: Establish that in the city of Moscow, when calculating the amount of payment for a utility service for heating, the procedure for calculating the amount of payment for a utility service for heating is applied in accordance with the Rules for the provision of public services to citizens approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 23, 2006 N 307, using at the same time, the standard for the consumption of thermal energy for heating residential premises, approved by Decree of the Government of Moscow dated January 11, 1994 N 41 "On the transition to a new system of payment for housing and utilities and the procedure for providing housing subsidies to citizens."
Translated into ordinary Russian, this means that the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 23, 2006 N 307 is applied to calculate the payment for heating in Moscow.
decisions of state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on the application, when calculating the amount of payment for a utility service for heating, the procedure for implementing such a calculation, established by the Rules for the provision of utility services to citizens, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 23, 2006 N 307 "On the procedure for providing utility services to citizens ", using the standards for the consumption of thermal energy for heating, in force on June 30, 2012, adopted in accordance with subparagraph "b" of paragraph 1 of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 27, 2012 N 857 "On the features of application in 2012 - 2014 of the Rules for the Provision of Public Services to Owners and Users of Premises in Apartment Buildings and Residential Buildings", are valid until canceled by the authorities that adopted them, but no later than the day from which paragraphs 15 - 28 of the Rules for the provision of public services to citizens and paragraphs 1 - 4 of Appendix No. 2 to specified Pra vilam.
Translated into Russian: This is a confirmation that Decree 307 is valid for heating calculations incl. for Moscow until the moment of its cancellation.
Summary: until July 1, 2016, for the calculation of payment for heating in the territory of Moscow,
Now let's see how the calculation works.
I'll cut the same. In it, we need item "23":
23. When equipping an apartment building with a collective (common house) metering device and equipment partially or completely individual and (or) common (apartment) metering devices for premises in such a house, the amount of payment for utilities consumed in residential and non-residential premises, equipped or not equipped individual and (or) general (apartment) metering devices, is determined by:
<....>
b) for heating - in accordance with subparagraph 2 of paragraph 3 of Appendix No. 2 to these Rules. At the same time, the contractor makes an adjustment of the amount of the fee for 1 time per year in accordance with subparagraph 3 of paragraph 3 of Appendix No. 2 to these Rules.
First, we look at paragraphs 2, paragraph 3 of Appendix No. 2:
3. When equipping an apartment building with collective (common house) metering devices and individual or all premises in an apartment building with individual and (or) common (apartment) metering devices, the amount of payment for utilities is determined in the following order:
<....>
2) the monthly fee for (rubles) in a room not equipped with metering devices is determined by formula 1, and in the i-th residential or non-residential premises of an apartment building equipped with metering devices, is determined by formula 7;
Since in the 3rd stage all apartments are initially equipped with individual (apartment) metering devices, we look at formula 7:
2) the amount of payment for (rubles) in the i-th residential premises of an apartment building is determined by the formula:
V t - the average monthly volume of heat energy consumption for the previous year (Gcal / sq. m);
T T - tariff for thermal energy, established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation (rubles/Gcal).
However, the formula has a note:
In the absence of information on the volumes of consumption of thermal energy for the past year, the amount of payment for is determined by the form ule 1;
Since the houses were commissioned in 2014, the SDMKD does not have statistics for the past year, so we look at formula No. 1:
1) the amount of payment for (rubles) in a residential building or in the i-th residential or non-residential premises is determined by the formula:
S i - the total area of the i-th room (apartment) in an apartment building or the total area of a residential building (sq. M);
N t is the standard for the consumption of thermal energy per (Gcal / sq. m);
T T - tariff for heat energy established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation (rubles/Gcal);
The value of the standard in this case is set (according to) and is equal to 0.016 Gcal / m 2.
The tariff for thermal energy is set by the Regional Energy Commission for each supplier of thermal energy.
Thus, monthly heating bills are issued in accordance with the standard. However, we remember that Resolution No. 307 also says that " at the same time, the contractor makes an adjustment of the amount of the fee for 1 time per year in accordance with subparagraph 3 of paragraph 3 of Appendix No. 2 to these Rules.
We look at paragraphs 3, paragraph 3, applications No. 2:
3) the amount of payment for the i-th residential or non-residential premises of an apartment building (rubles) is adjusted once a year by the contractor according to the formula:
P k.p - the amount of payment for heat energy consumed over the past year in all premises, determined based on the readings of the collective (common house) metering device and the tariff for heat energy, approved in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation (rubles);
P n.p - the amount of payment for heat energy consumed during the billing period in rooms equipped with metering devices, determined based on the readings of individual metering devices, in communal apartments - common (apartment) metering devices and the tariff for thermal energy, approved in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federations (rub.);
P n.n - the amount of payment for thermal energy consumed during the billing period in premises not equipped with metering devices, determined on the basis of the standard for consumption of thermal energy and the tariff for thermal energy approved in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation (rubles);
S D - the total area of all residential and non-residential premises in an apartment building (sq. M);
S i - the total area of the i-th room (apartment, non-residential premises) in an apartment building (sq. M);
Summary: Don July 1, 2016, for calculating the payment for heating in the territory of Moscow, it is applied, according to whichthe management company monthly throughout the year exposes payment according to the standard, but once a year is obliged to recalculate based on the actual meter readings.
Edited June 15, 2015 by Kirill BarmashevDetermining the cost of heating and calculating the amount of payment for a room in which there are two or more apartments is a rather complicated process and requires special knowledge. There have also been changes in the settlement procedure that began to operate in 2017.
The main document that guides organizations that charge and calculate the amount of payment for heating is Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 6, 2011 No. 354 “On the provision of utilities to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings”. In accordance with this document, there are 2 ways for consumers to pay for heating services:
- Equal amounts throughout the calendar year (Further - Method No. 1);
- Accrual for actual heat consumption only in the heating period. And in the summer and outside the heating period - the service is not charged (Further Method No. 2).
The choice of payment method is made by the local Administration of the city or district.
If Method No. 2 is chosen in the municipality, consumers must be recalculated at the beginning of the next year after the year in which the accrual option was changed.
How is the amount of payment for heating calculated in the absence of a common house heat energy meter?
Installation of a heat meter on the inlet heat pipeline in residential buildings is mandatory.
Only for houses that belong to a dilapidated / emergency fund, as well as houses whose heat supply load does not exceed 0.2 Gcal / h, an exception can be made. This requirement is established by Federal Law No. 261-FZ of November 23, 2009 “On Energy Saving and Energy Efficiency Improvement and on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation”.
In multi-apartment residential buildings where a general house heat meter is not installed (it is technically impossible to install it), as well as in apartments, rooms or non-residential premises individual heat meters are not installed, the calculation of the amount of payment for heating for a particular room using Method No. 1 (calculations for heat are carried out evenly in during the year) is carried out in the following order:
The fee is determined based on heating regulations per 1 m2 of area (the sizes of the indicators of the standards are accepted by the tariff committee or the local administration for each region) divided by periodicity(12 months) and multiplied by the tariff and area of the premises.
With Method No. 2 (calculations for heat are carried out only in the heating period) periodicity is not taken into account.
In multi-apartment residential buildings, where it is technically determined that there is a place and a room for the installation and normal functioning of a common house heat meter, and for which such installation is mandatory, an increasing coefficient is additionally applied to the above calculations, increasing the standard calculation in 2016 by 1.4 , and since the beginning of 2017 by 1.5.
In other words, the legislation motivates the owners of premises in an apartment building to install common house heat meters and make calculations using them.
Otherwise, sanctions in the form of increasing coefficients to the standards will be applied.
How is the amount of payment for heating calculated if there are common house heat meters in the house
As a rule, general house heat meters are installed and maintained by management companies, an association of homeowners of an apartment building, or any specialized organization at the discretion of the owners of apartments or other premises of the house.
The organization hired to perform maintenance work on the meter is obliged to take readings from the heat meter on a monthly basis. Then they are transferred to the heat supply organization.
At Method number 2(calculations for heat are carried out only in the heating period) calculation of the amount of payment for heat supply to the premises produced as follows:
for method number 2: the ratio of the share of the area of \u200b\u200bthis room from the total quadrature of the whole house (the ratio of S of the premises to the total S of all occupied premises) multiplies on the amount of heat consumed per month and per tariff for heat energy.
With Method No. 1, the amount charged for heat supply during the calendar year is the same.
for method No. 1: the amount of the heating fee is determined in the following way: the area of the room is multiplied by the average heat consumption per unit area (1 m2) and by the corresponding tariff.
The average consumption per 1 m2 is calculated based on the total annual consumption of the common house meter for the past year divided by the total area of all rooms in the house.
In the absence of actual data for the previous year, the approved standard for thermal energy is used.
At the same time, annually in the first quarter of the year following the reporting one, an adjustment is made: the difference between the amount accrued for the year (according to the data of the previous year) and the actually consumed thermal energy is additionally charged or compensated.
How is the payment for heating calculated if common house and individual heat meters are installed?
Individual heat metering devices (IPU) in our country are rarely installed in apartments and non-residential premises.
The reason is the peculiarity of in-house heating systems with vertical risers, from which heating devices are connected, which was mainly designed in residential buildings until recently. We wrote about when it is possible to install an individual heat meter in an apartment.
Usually, the installation of individual heat meters is carried out at the entrance to the heating pipeline, in this case the heating devices are connected in series to the horizontal wiring. And the return line runs parallel to the supply line and returns to the input point creating a “loop”.
If there are individual metering devices in all occupied premises of an MKD (apartment building) at Method No. 2 (calculations for heat are carried out only in the heating period), the charge for heating for any room is determined by:
For method No. 2, in the presence of individual metering devices in all rooms: as the difference between the readings according to the IPU (individual heat metering device in the room) and the share of ODN per room (common house heating needs) multiplied by the tariff.
The share of ODN is determined based on the difference in the readings of a common house meter (heat consumption consumed by the building) and the sum of the readings of all IPU multiplied by the ratio of the area of \u200b\u200bthe room divided by the total area of \u200b\u200ball rooms in the house.
With Method No. 1, calculations are carried out similarly to the method with Method No. 1 in the presence of a common house meter and no IPU, only the total consumption of the heat meter in the room and the ODN for the entire heating period divided by 12 months is taken as a monthly expense.
If your apartment has cold batteries, then we wrote what to do in this case and where to complain.
Still have questions? Do you want answers to them?
Here you can ask it free of charge to experts or lawyers of the portal gkh-konsultant.ru.
Heating bills make up the lion's share of total utility bills. Learn from this article how the heating fee is calculated under the new rules of 2016 and how the tariff is determined when meters are not installed. Knowing how to "read" the receipt, you will be aware of how much and for what you pay. This will allow timely detection of intentional or accidental errors in the calculations indicated in the receipts.
The formula for calculating the heating fee
The rules for the provision of public services are regulated by Decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 and No. 344. They indicate that the calculation of payments for heating is made in two ways:
- Based on meter readings.
- According to consumption standards (if meters are not installed).
Without appliances
The total area of the apartment x the norm of heat energy consumption x the heating tariff established in the region.
According to the current legislation, in all houses where there is a technical possibility, common house meters should be installed. In their absence, when calculating the heating fee, a multiplying factor is applied. In 2016 it was 1.4, and since the beginning of 2017 it has been raised to 1.6.
With common meter
Another calculation method is used when only one common metering device is installed in the house, and there are no meters in the apartments. In this case, the formula is applied:
The total amount of heat consumed in the building x the area of the apartment / the total area of all rooms in the building x the tariff set in the region.
The total amount of heat consumed in the house is determined on the basis of the readings of the common house meter taken over a certain period of time. Usually it is 1 month.
With individual meter
Now let's see how heating is calculated in an apartment in which an individual heat meter is installed. The formula is pretty simple:
The amount of heat consumed (readings of the apartment meter) x the heating tariff established in the region.
Calculation of payment for heating in this way is carried out only if two conditions are met:
- Metering devices are installed in 100% of apartments.
- The building has a communal meter.
Let's look at a specific example of how the heating fee is calculated:
How is the tariff determined if there are no meters
Although the state encourages owners to install metering devices, not everyone still has them. In such cases, the tariff is calculated in one of two ways:
- If even a common house metering device is not installed, the tariff set by the local administration is taken.
- If there is a common house meter, the tariff is calculated for a particular house.
The tariff is reviewed once a year. Its size is affected by various parameters, the main ones are:
- energy prices;
- payroll costs;
- average temperature for the last 5 heating seasons.
When the heating season ends, the tariff is revised and the costs for the past season are recalculated. If the actual costs are lower, the resulting overpayment remains on the personal account of the owner. It will go towards paying for heating next year. If it is revealed that the tariff has been underestimated, additional amounts appear in the receipts.
Please note - if you yourself found a discrepancy between the amount accrued and paid, you have the right to write an application for recalculation. A sample application for the recalculation of utility bills can be downloaded in this article.
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