Even before installing the door, the question naturally arises: in which direction should the door open and (most importantly!) How to be guided by solving this problem? There are only three principles to follow: aesthetics, ergonomics and safety. As for the latter, if in the case of entrance doors, first of all, protection against burglary is implied, then interior doors should be arranged in such a way as to ensure fire safety. So…
Hall, kitchen, corridor, pantry ...
The option of opening the doors depends primarily on the rooms they share. It is desirable that the doors open towards a more spacious room. For example, the doors to the hall can open inwards if they separate the hall and a small corridor. However, if the apartment has a large hall from which you can get into a smaller living room, it is rational to make the door open outwards.
Doors to utility rooms always open outwards, otherwise they will "eat up" the lion's share of the usable area. The situation with the corridor is somewhat different. If you bought what you were hired for, and plan to install them between a corridor and several rooms, the designers will recommend that you follow a single rule: all doors must open either outward or inward. This will create a single style in the interior and avoid disharmony.
Safety First
Whatever interior doors you install, "Classic" or "Modern", wooden or plastic, ideally, according to the safety requirements that are mandatory for public spaces, but for some reason not mandatory for residential buildings, they must open inward . Being inside, a person will be able to open the door towards himself and get out of the room in case of fire, while if something falls outside, blocking the way, he will have practically no chance to get out.
In the case of the bathroom and toilet, the opposite principle applies - according to the same safety rules. The door should open outward so that the room can be easily entered if the person inside, for example, becomes ill, slips, falls or has a heart attack.
As for the aesthetic side, it should not be ignored either. The door should be planned so that the view opens up to the entire room, and not to a separate corner of the room or an awkward part of the wall. Therefore, before buying a door with installation, try to imagine in as much detail as possible how the room will look like with an interior door already installed: this way you will never go wrong with the choice!
Few people think about which way the external door system should open. Usually, when changing the old door structure, they install a product whose opening principle is the same as that of the door block, which was originally supplied by the builders. That is, if internal opening doors were originally installed, new structures of the same type are put in their place. Moreover, not only the types of products often coincide, but also the number of system doors.
However, the choice of canopies and locking mechanism installed on it depends, first of all, on which side the canvas will open (such a design can be left-handed, right-handed, or even open in both directions). In addition, when determining the direction of door opening, it is important to take into account fire safety rules.
With a careful study of the current fire safety standards, it is easy to conclude that the doors can be opened in both directions (it is possible to install a left-hand or right-hand door). However, there are some nuances here.
If, for example, the owner of one of the apartments in an apartment building decides to install an entrance door system that opens outward, such a door can become an obstacle to opening the entrance doors of other apartments.
It may even happen that the design of the external opening will block the neighboring apartment, which will cause problems when evacuating people during a fire. By the way, neighbors can even sue such an apartment owner: as a result, a fine will be imposed, and he will be obliged to reinstall the door block.
Although there are no clear instructions in the current legislation in which direction the external structure should open, and what the opening angle should be, nevertheless, experts recommend adhering to generally accepted standards in this area. So, apartment doors should open inward, and entrance structures installed in a private house or any institution should open outward.
In addition, if a vestibule is equipped on the landing, apartment entrance doors should open inward, and the vestibule door should open outward. All this will ensure unimpeded entry into the dwelling in case of evacuation of people during a fire or other incident.
However, this is not all.
If the apartment has an internal opening door, you need to take into account a few more nuances:
- Determine the opening angle of the sash (the speed of evacuation of residents depends on this). According to existing standards, the span of the canvas should be at least one meter.
- Make sure that there are no “extra” pieces of furniture or things next to the door block. It should be noted that the space up from the structure must be free (that is, all kinds of shelves cannot be placed up from the input block). It is not uncommon to find such a layout when there are doors leading to the bathroom or kitchen next to the entrance block: in this case, you need to make sure that none of the canvas overlaps the other.
- Particular attention should be paid to the parameters of the outdoor unit. According to fire safety requirements, the minimum opening width should be 800 mm.
Moreover, although there are different types of door systems, experts recommend giving preference to the swing method of opening the door. Such a design should be distinguished by excellent indicators of heat and sound insulation, and also have reduced thermal conductivity (moreover, both sides of the canvas).
The approach of European manufacturers
European manufacturers of door systems pay a lot of attention to fire safety requirements and the method of opening the structure. However, they have a radically different approach when determining the side in which the sash opens.
So, in order to determine the optimal side for opening the canvas, you need to stand in relation to the doorway so that the wide part of the frame looks at you. That is, the canvas should open "from itself".
Attention is also drawn to the hand that pushes the sash. The left-handed system should swing open counterclockwise (using the left hand), and the right-handed - clockwise (using the right hand).
Features of choosing an inward-opening door structure
As you know, internal opening metal doors must be strong, durable and beautiful. As a matter of fact, the same requirements apply to the entrance blocks that open outwards. But still, experts note several features that need to be emphasized when choosing designs that open inward.
So, the door system must be burglar-resistant, that is, capable of withstanding external influences with the aim of unauthorized entry inside. It should be recalled that there are two types of hacking: mechanical action (in this case, force is used) and intellectual hacking.
Unfortunately, not a single lock is able to one hundred percent resist hacking: all devices are opened either by force or with the help of intellectual influence (the only question is how long it will take an attacker to complete this operation).
All input steel blocks have their weak points:
- loops (they are cut down and the canvas is easily removed);
- weak box (it may not withstand the onslaught of a dodgy burglar);
- sash corners (under the pressure of the jack, the corners are crushed, which speeds up access to the room).
In view of this, when choosing a steel internal opening system, you need to make sure that the product is made of high-strength metal. To increase the reliability of the structure, its primary frame should be strengthened in the doorway using special crossbars (they are deepened into the wall by 15-20 cm).
The main frame is attached to the primary box with steel screws. The sash (if there are two of them, then both) must be equipped with stiffeners, and a special sealant must be laid around its perimeter. Moreover, at least two locking mechanisms are desirable on the structure (it is better if both systems are installed at the factory). The inlet block must be equipped with valves, latches, anti-removable pins and other additional protection elements.
On the market today you can find products - "turn over". In fact, these are structures of the external opening type, which were “turned over”, after which their weak points were slightly covered with decorative panels (both sides have the same decor). Sellers may claim that this is a full-fledged front door with an internal opening method.
However, the acquisition of a "shifter" can turn into a tragedy for the buyer. The fact is that such products do not create proper protection (and attackers, like no one else, know this), therefore, at the first attempt to break into them, they will not withstand the “siege” and “fall”.
Help for a potential buyer are the recommendations of experts.
- Equipment used by the manufacturer.
For companies that value their image, all production processes are automated and carried out on modern equipment. So, regardless of the method of opening the door structure, both sides of it will be durable and burglar-resistant. - manufacturer specialization.
It is believed that a manufacturer producing exclusively metal products (gates, doors, etc.) is able to achieve excellent product quality. - Possibility of individual order.
If the manufacturer manufactures products to order, then he can guarantee the high quality of the products that are mass-produced.
However, choosing a door is only half the battle; the entrance structure still needs to be professionally installed. This is the only way to be sure that the house or apartment is securely guarded. And every time the owner needs to open the front door, he will not be in for a surprise in the form of a stuck lock or other trouble.
Inside and Inside
Inside and Inside razg.-decrease. pretext 1. from birth. pad. Use when indicating: 1) the direction of movement or action within the limits, into the depths of something; 2) mental processes occurring in the mind of a person, or the concealment of feelings
Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova. T. F. Efremova. 2000 .
See what "Inside and Inside" is in other dictionaries:
Inside, in the middle, in the middle, deep into the Dictionary of Russian synonyms. inward to the middle; inside, in the middle (simple) Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language. Practical guide. M.: Russian language. Z. E. Alexandrova. 2011 ... Synonym dictionary
Inside, in the middle, in the middle Dictionary of Russian synonyms. inside see inside Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language. Practical guide. M.: Russian language. Z. E. Alexandrova. 2011 ... Synonym dictionary
INSIDE, preposition with genus. (colloquial). inside. Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov
inside- inside. See: inside...
inside- and colloquially inward... Dictionary of pronunciation and stress difficulties in modern Russian
inside- outside / tri (inside), adv. and suggestion s. genus, simple Adverb: Look inside. Suggestion: Look inside your own soul... merged. Apart. Through a hyphen.
I dec. reduced adv. the situation places; \u003d inside I II dec. reduced suggestion from birth; = inside II Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova. T. F. Efremova. 2000... Modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language Efremova
inside- ▲ in the direction internal from inside preposition + genitive:, inside. inside (simple). deeper. into the depths. in depth. to depth. into the middle. in the middle. in ... (run in). in... entrance. | centripetal. afferent (honey). ↓ concave … Ideographic Dictionary of the Russian Language
adv. and suggestion. Razg. = Inside. The door opens in. Enter. premises… encyclopedic Dictionary
Books
- Maksimov Andrey Markovich. We are not stones, we are constantly changing. How aware are we of our own changes? What to do to start to realize them? And for this it is necessary to direct the energy of cognition from the outside - ...
Perhaps not many people wondered in which direction the door in the apartment should open? The answer seems obvious - outside. But is everything so clear or are there situations in which it is considered more convenient to open the front door inward? We will help you understand this topic, taking into account SNiPs and everyday practicality.
In which direction does the door open according to SNiP
There are technical regulations and SNiP, which are approved by the Federal Law and determine the location and option for opening doors. At the same time, they apply exclusively to industrial and public facilities. In such buildings, the opening of the front door in the apartment is carried out in the direction of movement towards the exit to the street. In addition, this applies only to those places located on the evacuation route.
As for apartment buildings, in the current fire safety regulations and any other there is no clear answer to the question of how the door to the apartment should be opened. Accordingly, everyone sets the design to their taste. Of course, most people order doors that open outward, that is, to the platform.
The location of the doors in the apartment and other factors
To choose the optimal opening of the front door to the apartment, you need to take into account a number of factors, so as not to regret the decision later. Architects, designers and interior designers recommend adhering to the following rules and recommendations:
- Comfort and convenience. These factors should be decisive when choosing the door opening side.
- Location and options for opening neighboring doors. An erroneous choice in this case can lead to a situation where two entrance doors simply will not open at the same time, colliding with each other. This state of affairs can lead to conflict situations.
- Opening side of the second door in the opening. Often, apartment owners establish a second line of protection from the cold, extraneous sounds and intruders. In this case, two doors should open in different directions: one inward and the second outward.
Guided by these simple rules, the conclusion suggests itself: the direction of opening the doors is convenient - outward.
Why is it better to open the door outward?
The type of plowing outward has advantages. It is they who most often push people to choose the option of opening the doors in the apartment to the outside, that is, to the site. Let's see what exactly it is connected with:
- Leaving the apartment, you do not have to step back 1-2 steps to open the door.
- If the main door will open outward, you will be able to install another one with an inward opening on the inside of the opening.
- Saving space is perhaps the main advantage. When the front door opens into the hallway, near it, at a distance of almost 1 meter, you will not put either a bedside table or a wardrobe.
How should apartment doors be opened for safety? For burglary resistance and ease of evacuation in case of fire, it is better to order an installation with an outward opening.
When are inward opening doors installed?
Despite all the advantages, many had to be in apartments in which the front door opens inwards. For example, door leafs open inward in apartments located in old houses. Previously, such a layout was used during construction so that the residents of neighboring apartments would not block access to each other and would not create mutual discomfort.
Opening the door inward is required in cases where there is an additional door that opens outward. It can not be in any other way. Another common situation is the presence of a narrow vestibule. Under such conditions, you simply cannot open the door normally to the outside, but there are exceptions.
Sections of the article:
Few people attach importance to which way the house will be unlocked. Quite often, when replacing old door structures, the opening of which in most cases was carried out inside the room, the new product is mounted on the principle of the old one. However, when deciding to replace the old design with internal opening metal doors, it is necessary to take into account fire safety rules, as well as to select the appropriate locking mechanism and canopies.
Fire safety
When considering the existing fire safety standards, it becomes clear that both a metal door of internal opening and a door system that swings outward are allowed to be used. The use of right-handed and left-handed structures is also allowed. However, there are some nuances that should be considered when ordering and installing structures.
When installing in an apartment building, it is imperative to take into account the distance between neighboring apartments and the possible creation of a barrier to exit during evacuation due to an open door opening outwards. In case of inconvenience or partial blocking of the exit area, residents can sue the owner. In this case, in addition to a fine, the owner will be ordered to forcibly replace the entire entrance system with doors that open into the apartment.
Despite the absence of clear norms in the law, experts recommend following the general norms when it comes to the opening side of external structures. Thus, it is recommended to use inward-opening structures for apartments, and outward-opening entrance systems for private houses.
If there is a partition on the landing between the nearest neighbors, the doors of the apartments should have an internal opening, and the general one should swing open to the outside. This will ensure unhindered exit in the event of an evacuation, as well as quick access to apartments in case of emergency.
However, even when installing a new metal inward opening door, there are a number of mandatory requirements:
- The canvas to be installed must have a span of at least 1 meter for efficient and quick evacuation;
- According to fire safety requirements, the minimum size of a doorway cannot be less than 0.8 meters;
- The door must not be blocked by foreign objects. It is forbidden to install large objects in the doorway. It should not be possible to block the structure with another door in the apartment.
- To date, there are a number of door structures, among which it is still preferable to choose metal. This is due to the reduced thermal conductivity on both sides, as well as the excellent qualities of thermal insulation of the room and sound absorption.
International approach
International companies involved in the production of entrance structures pay special attention to the observance of security systems in matters of opening doors in emergency situations. However, the approach to the theme of the door opening side differs significantly. The hand side method is used to determine the norms. To calculate the correct side of the door opening, you need to stand up to the doorway so that the wide part of the construction box is directly opposite you. In this case, the door will open from itself.
The focus is also on the hand. Thus, the left-hand structure will swing open counterclockwise, and the right-hand one, with the corresponding hand, clockwise.
The nuances of choosing a design
Naturally, when choosing internal metal entrance doors according to the opening system, each buyer wants to get not only a high-strength and aesthetically beautiful product, but also able to withstand various mechanical damage. Requirements of this kind are imposed on products of any type of opening. However, experts highlight several nuances that should be emphasized when choosing a design that opens into the apartment.
The product must necessarily have increased burglary resistance and effectively resist any attempts of illegal entry into housing. It is important to remember that the method of entry used may vary: criminals may try to break the door using brute force or using intelligence.
No matter how paradoxical it may be, none of the locking systems can provide complete protection against burglary. Any mechanism can be opened either with the use of force and mechanical action, or with the help of mind, ingenuity and logic. The main question is only the amount of time required for manipulations.
Weak elements of all metal doors of internal opening are:
- Mounting hinges, because as a result of their cutting, the door leaf can be easily removed;
- Insufficiently strong box, because in this case it can be quite easily broken after various mechanical influences of the criminal;
- The corner parts of the sashes, because the corner elements are quite easily subject to deformation processes after applying the jack.
Based on these nuances, when choosing metal internal opening doors, it is imperative to make sure of the quality characteristics of the metal used in the manufacture of the structure. When choosing a door, you should opt for a structure made of high quality steel sheets. To enhance the reliability of the input structure, it is preferable to strengthen its main frame in the area of the doorway, using special crossbars for this purpose. Their penetration into the wall is carried out to a length of up to 20 cm.
The frame must be fixed to the main box with steel screws. A metal door with internal opening in the area of the leaves should be equipped with special reinforced ribs to increase rigidity. A special sealing material must be placed around the entire perimeter of the panel.
The presence of 2 locking devices is welcome. A significant plus is the case of their factory installation. Additional measures that increase the reliability of the design are equipping the door with latches and latches, as well as the presence of anti-removable teeth and other possible protection elements.
When choosing a metal door for internal opening, it is important to contact trusted manufacturers and sellers, since the door market often uses a method of deception in the form of turning over products intended for external opening. Such structures in the zone of weak points are slightly covered with decorative elements on both sides. However, these products are not able to reliably protect housing from encroachment.
Therefore, in the process of choosing a product, it is important to clarify these nuances:
- What is the manufacturer's equipment used in the production process, since a reliable company necessarily uses automated processes on high-quality devices;
- The narrowness of the manufacturer's specialization, since the presence of a large number of diverse goods produced often negatively affects the quality of the final product;
- The possibility of individual production, because only manufacturers can be engaged in such types of work, for sure they are able to guarantee the quality of serial units of goods.
Also, one of the very important aspects in choosing a product will be the fact who will install the metal door of internal opening. Since its professional installation is very important to ensure the effectiveness of the functioning of the structure.
