Porcelain stoneware for ventilated facades. Ventilated facades made of porcelain stoneware installation technology. Structural diagram fs-porcelain tile

Any structure decays and collapses over time. The reason for this is external influences - water and temperature. There are cracks in the material from which the building is made, under the influence of temperature they expand, water gets into them, which ultimately leads to an acceleration of the destruction processes. To prevent it, special protective measures are used to reduce the impact on the walls of the building. One of such protection measures is a ventilated porcelain stoneware facade.

The task is extremely simple - to protect the walls of the building from destruction. This can be achieved by creating an additional layer, a coating that will primarily perceive external influences. Plaster, lining, siding, ceramic tiles, etc. can act as such a coating. However, they all differ in a rather limited service life and the need for ongoing repairs after a certain period of time. The use of a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware as a protection is deprived of such shortcomings. A house equipped with a similar facade is shown in the photo below.

What is a ventilated facade

With this approach to the organization of protection, another additional wall is created, located at some distance from the main one and attached to it in a special way. As a result, the wall of the house is protected from direct exposure to the atmosphere, and the existing gap between the main and auxiliary walls allows you to avoid the accumulation of moisture, dampness and, accordingly, the processes of decay.

A long service life is ensured by the manufacture of a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware. Other materials, of course, are used in the design, but porcelain stoneware provides protection from external influences.

Thanks to this approach to the organization of building protection, which is unusual for traditional construction, it provides the following advantages:

the ventilated porcelain stoneware facade is all-weather, its installation can be carried out at any ambient temperature;
such facades are distinguished by a long service life, without the need for ongoing repairs;
ventilated porcelain stoneware facades are resistant to any external influences;
cheap, practically does not require any additional costs, operation.

How it works

The device of ventilated porcelain stoneware facades can be understood from the figure below.

As can be seen from the above figure, the outer skin is located at some distance from the wall. It serves as a protective and decorative coating. Such a hinged facade made of porcelain stoneware can additionally be used to finish the outer surface of the building, which is another argument in favor of using such protection.

The fastening of the external coating is carried out using a subsystem for porcelain stoneware. It is hidden by sheathing, and in addition to fixing porcelain stoneware, it serves to provide a gap between the coating and the wall. This is a critical structural element; it is made of galvanized steel, including polymer-coated steel, aluminum profile and stainless steel.

The basis of the subsystem for porcelain stoneware is made up of vertical and horizontal profiles.

Porcelain stoneware can be fastened in two ways - visible and invisible. In the first case, special clamps are used, one of the possible implementation options for which is shown in the photograph.

For concealed fastening, gluing of the sheathing on the profile for porcelain stoneware, fastening with retention by the slots in the ends and hidden fastening with pins are used.

The insulation is usually mineral wool. It, as a rule, fills a third of the volume of a ventilated porcelain stoneware facade and is attached directly to the wall.

The specific amount of insulation required for use depends on the specific climatic conditions and is determined in accordance with the requirements of current regulations.

As a result, the resulting ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware, the components and design of which are discussed above, creates an air channel along the wall of the building, which works like an exhaust hood, removing excess moisture from under the skin and protecting the wall from its harmful effects.

What does it give and how does it work?

Thus, porcelain stoneware ventilated facades, built according to the described principle, provide the building with additional protection. As a result, the structure on which such a facade is mounted acquires the following distinctive features:

protection of walls from the direct impact of the external environment (snow, rain, frost, wind, etc.);
removing moisture from the surface of the walls and allowing the building to "breathe";
changing the appearance of the building and giving it a new look;
reduction of external noise due to additional sound absorption with porcelain stoneware and insulation;
increasing the degree of protection of the building from fire through the use of non-combustible materials;
reducing the cost of operating the facility.

The appearance acquired by buildings on which ventilated porcelain stoneware facades are mounted, the photo below will allow you to fully appreciate.

Thus, we immediately get double protection of the walls from the effects of external conditions - the outer coating prevents direct impact on the walls, and ventilation eliminates excess moisture and, consequently, from rotting and dampness.

An additionally ventilated façade, thanks to a wide range of porcelain stoneware colors, can be an excellent tool for giving a new stylish look to a building.

Some features of ventilated facades

For all its outward simplicity, the installation of ventilated porcelain stoneware facades is an extremely responsible and complex process. Any structural element of a ventilated facade requires careful study at the design stage. The following are just some of the issues that need to be addressed during the preparation phase.

The choice of porcelain stoneware

Consideration of these issues should start from the very beginning. It is not possible to install a ventilated porcelain stoneware facade on every building; the installation technology must take into account that the size of the tile must be a multiple of the size of the building's facade.

And not just the size of the tiles, but taking into account the seams between them and additional oversized seams to compensate for temperature fluctuations. In addition, these temperature fluctuations must be taken into account when choosing auxiliary elements such as drains, as well as when mating surfaces, etc.

Of great importance is the direct choice of porcelain stoneware. The use of tiles of small sizes, such as 300x300, will lead to the fact that the walls of the building will look like a sheet lined into a “cell”.

To avoid this, it is necessary to use large slabs, 600x600, 800x800, 600x1200 or similar. In addition, the size of the tile itself varies by caliber. So, for example, a 600x600 tile can have a size of 592 to 605 mm. And even after taking into account this factor, it should be possible to trim the tiles to compensate for possible deviations.

Fastening system

Do not forget about the tile fixing system. When a ventilated porcelain stoneware facade is created, the cost of all work will be quite large. It can be reduced by partially using the so-called "wet" processes, i.e. for example, cover the basement of the building directly with porcelain stoneware, and begin to create an external ventilated facade above the level of the basement.

If you make a ventilated facade of porcelain stoneware, its price can be reduced due to the correct choice of the method of fixing the plates.

Hidden fastening is more expensive than visible fastening. Therefore, closer to the surface, it is possible to carry out hidden fastening, and only visible fastening at a high height, this will reduce the cost of facade installation.

The material used in the fastening system will have a significant impact on the life of the facade. Galvanized steel in aggressive urban conditions undergoes significant corrosion and will not be able to serve for a long time in a metropolis. Therefore, it is best to use aluminum or stainless steel.

thermal insulation

Thermal insulation is an integral part of the ventilation facade. In its manufacture, it is necessary to use only materials intended for work in such conditions.

When using other materials, the thermal insulation system may be violated, up to the point that the entire ventilation system will be violated.

To ensure the required thermal conditions, it is worth considering the fastening system. The presence of a large number of attachment points not only increases the metal consumption of the facade structure, but also leads to the creation of "cold bridges" that contribute to additional losses and deterioration of the entire system.

Porcelain stoneware used in the creation of ventilation facades, due to its unique characteristics, allows you to achieve several goals at once. The building has additional protection, significantly extending its life, while reducing the cost of repairs and maintaining it in good condition. You can change the appearance of the building and give it a new, stylish and modern look. And, among other things, the external facade allows you to reduce the cost of maintaining the building.

A ventilated facade with ceramic granite cladding is a great way to protect the walls of a building from the negative effects of the environment and give it a presentable aesthetic appearance. This is one of the most economical versions of the IAF, which is also very durable. A large selection of colors for cladding and its various formats allows you to solve any ideas of architects using this facade material as part of NFS DIAT. When fastening the structure between the insulation layer and the facing material, a ventilated gap is maintained, which is necessary for air circulation and removal of accumulated moisture from the thermal insulation layer. The price per m 2 of a ventilated porcelain stoneware facade both in Moscow and the Moscow region and throughout Russia will depend on several factors:

Plate sizes. The more raw materials are needed for the manufacture of facing material and the more difficult it is to process, the more expensive the final product will cost.
The complexity of the facade of the building significantly affects the cost of the substructure. The presence of a large number of various parapet elements or significant offsets of the cladding relative to the plane of the wall increases the cost of manufacturing and installing a hinged facade system.
surface type. Ceramic granite can be matte, embossed or polished. The first type will cost the least, because its manufacture requires minimal processing. Polished ceramic granite is the most expensive option. In its manufacture, it is necessary to achieve perfect surface smoothness. In the production of a relief structure, less processing is required, so the cost of a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware of this type will be lower.
The method of fixing the plates will also affect the cost of the NSF. Hidden and open options apply. The first one will cost a little more. The visible option for fixing porcelain stoneware slabs using clamps is more budgetary. You can also apply a combined method: at eye level (up to the second floor of the object), use a hidden mount, and above - open.

More about installation

Installation of a hinged ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware in a visible way takes place in several stages:

At the preparatory stage, the boundaries of the danger zone should be established (in the region of 3 meters from the wall), placing all the necessary equipment within it;
The marking of points for mounting brackets is carried out in accordance with the design and technical documentation;
Brackets are mounted on the wall using anchor fasteners using an insulating gasket made of paronite;
Thermal insulation plates are laid out, which are fixed with dish-shaped dowels;
The unevenness of the building base is compensated to obtain a perfectly even facade by using a telescopic insert in the bracket;
An end clamp is installed at the lower end of the lower guide;
After mounting 2 facing slabs, an ordinary clamp is mounted on top of the junction of the slabs;
The installation of the facade is carried out further until the completion of the work.

Installation of porcelain stoneware ventilated facade systems is a complex process that should be entrusted to professionals. The specialists of our company, based on many years of experience in the construction market of the Russian Federation, will recommend you reliable partners - installers. In this case, the work performers are well aware of the technology of fixing the NFS DIAT and other important details, which guarantees timely and high-quality execution of the order.

If you are planning to use a ventilated facade with porcelain stoneware cladding at your facility, please contact us and evaluate our advantages:

"DIAT" was originally developed in close cooperation with construction companies that put into practice the ideas of the customer and the architect. Understanding the difficulties and constant problems that arise on a real construction site, we have simplified the installation process of the structure as much as possible and optimized the number of technological operations when assembling the facade. These solutions made it possible to reduce the influence of the "human factor" and increase the speed of installation of the NFS at the facility, while maintaining the quality of the facade. The company's engineers will draw up a detailed working project for you with a detailed study of the junction points to adjacent building structures. Working with our company, you get unlimited technical support for projects, a wide warehouse program, constant communication with leading specialists of the company. The DIAT system is a thoughtful design for professionals in the construction business.

We are ready to provide you with:

Use of NSF of own production;
Implementation of a full range of works on the design and assembly of facades, regardless of their complexity;
Finishing of high-rise and unique buildings (the facades of 7 buildings implemented on DIAT systems have a height of more than 100 m., of which 3 buildings are more than 180 m.)
Fast order fulfillment (completion of the object begins immediately after the conclusion of the contract);
implementation of the project exactly as planned by the customer (the possibility of developing non-standard units with their subsequent approval by the regulatory authorities);
the most simplified fastening of the ventilation facade system for porcelain stoneware and other structures, which increases the speed of installation while maintaining the quality of work;
A powerful design base adapted to Russian GOSTs and SNIPs.

The technology of arranging ventilated facades makes it possible to implement the protection of the facade of the building and its insulation, while preventing the destruction of the load-bearing wall due to exposure to moisture and temperature changes. The key feature of the ventilation facade is the presence of an air gap.

Structurally, the ventilation facade device can be represented as a pie, consisting of three layers: the supporting system of profiles (frame), heat-insulating material and a protective screen (facing material).

The ventilated facade system allows the use of a variety of cladding materials from vinyl siding to metal cassettes. One of the modern materials that can often be found on the facades of buildings is ceramic granite (porcelain stoneware).

Ventilated porcelain stoneware facade - pros and cons

Advantages of finishing the facade with porcelain stoneware:

aesthetic appearance. The porcelain stoneware facade gives the building a solid and stylish look;
variety of decor. A wide range of colors, the possibility of combining colors, different sizes of porcelain stoneware facade tiles - all this allows you to implement an author's project and make the house unique;
possibility of replacement. Ease of installation makes it possible to replace part of the tiles or the entire facing material when changing design, style, fashion, and other factors;
resistance to the influence of environmental factors;
soundproof properties;
Fire safety;
environmental friendliness;
resistance to dynamic and static loads;
ease of operation and maintenance;
high maintainability;
long service life.

In addition, porcelain stoneware makes it possible to clad the facade at any time of the year with a high speed of work. Also, facade porcelain stoneware is distinguished by a relatively low cost. The price of porcelain stoneware today is lower than the price of fiber cement or composite materials.

Among the disadvantages of a ventilation facade made of porcelain stoneware include:

significant weight, which entails the installation of a powerful subsystem (framework);
high total costs for the arrangement of the ventilated façade (due to high weight)

Porcelain tile for facade

Facing facade porcelain stoneware belongs to the group of artificial finishing materials. As raw materials for the production of porcelain stoneware tiles, clay, sand (quartz), feldspar are used. The use of natural dyes makes it possible to obtain slabs of different colors or stylized “under granite”.

The manufacturing technology of porcelain stoneware is similar to tiles, only the firing of tiles is carried out at a temperature of 1200 ° C, which gives it high strength characteristics. In terms of strength, porcelain stoneware is superior to natural stone.

Porcelain stoneware for facade - technical specifications

Analysis of the parameters of facade porcelain stoneware

Characteristics	Value (parameters)	Note
Dimensions (length x width)	300x300, 600x300, 600x600, 1200x295 and 1200x600	The most optimal (popular) size of porcelain stoneware tiles for the facade is 600x600 mm.
Caliber	The actual size of porcelain stoneware tiles. Tolerance 0.5 mm.	There is the concept of "monocaliber". In this case, the tile undergoes additional calibration to give it the same size.
Thickness	Minimum - 5 mm Maximum - 12 mm
Moisture absorption	not > 3.5%
Bending strength	> 28 MPa
Frost resistance	> 25 cycles
Coating wear resistance	classes: PEI I, II, III, IV, V	Grade PEI minimum wear resistance. Classes IV, V are intended for finishing facades on a busy street
Specific gravity	2400 kg/m3	Allows you to calculate the weight of one tile
Texture	- unpolished	The result of the natural firing of clay. Distinctive characteristic: cheap
	- polished	Processing on a diamond wheel. Defining property: smooth, sparkling surface.
	- polished (matte)	Additional processing. The main quality: ease of care
	- embossed	Transmission of the texture of the material (stone, wood) Parameter: anti-slip properties.
Manufacturers	Italy, Russia, China
Price	4000-1500 rub. per m2

Which facade porcelain tile is better to use

In order for the porcelain stoneware ventilation facade to effectively perform its functions, it is necessary to competently approach the choice of material, namely, pay attention to:

multiplicity of tiles. To avoid unnecessary seams, it is necessary to design the facade cladding in such a way that only whole tiles are used. The calculation is made taking into account the thickness of the seam;

tile size. The smaller the tile, the more seams there will be, the more it will “ripple” in the eyes (subjective opinion);

caliber. The greater the difference in the size of the tile, the more difficult its installation will be and the lower the aesthetics of the cladding;

color, texture, texture. It is important, both from the standpoint of the identity of the tiles among themselves, and in terms of compatibility with the rest of the elements of the facade;

operational parameters (wear resistance, frost resistance);
price.

Important. Porcelain tiles are purchased taking into account trimming, fighting, etc. When designing, the margin should be 7-10%.

Installation of ventilated porcelain stoneware facades

The significant weight of porcelain stoneware leaves its mark on the installation of ventilated facades, namely on the subsystem of load-bearing profiles.

The frame for the ventilation facade made of porcelain stoneware consists of a complex system of profiles (main and intermediate), brackets and hardware.

The ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware is mounted only on an aluminum profile system (recommended by manufacturers). However, in order to reduce the cost, installation is carried out on a galvanized system.

Fastening porcelain tiles to the facade

Important for the aesthetics of the building is the choice of the fixing system of porcelain stoneware. There are two mounting methods:

Glue method - installation of porcelain stoneware on glue

To fix the plates, adhesive compositions are used, based on elastic polyurethanes. The elasticity of the adhesive composition makes it possible to compensate for the mobility of building elements under the influence of high temperatures and dynamic loads.

The specificity of adhesive fastening is the use of glue and double-sided tape, which are applied to the plate and allow you to fix it on the profile. The tape performs a supporting function until the adhesive polymerizes completely.

Mechanical method - installation of porcelain stoneware on clamps

The technology for installing plates involves the use of fasteners - kleimers.

There are two types of attachment here.

hidden fastening of porcelain stoneware to the facade. In this case, a guide profile is used, on which porcelain stoneware is installed using a concealed fastening clamp;

visible fastening of porcelain stoneware to the facade. For installation, an ordinary clamp is used. The disadvantage of this system is that the fasteners remain in sight (clamp antennae). And the advantage is in the greater speed of work and lower installation costs.

Another way to attach porcelain stoneware to the facade is with a rusticated profile.

Installation of ventilated porcelain stoneware facades

Facade porcelain tiles are mainly used for facing large buildings (high-rise and large areas): administrative, shopping centers, entertainment complexes, etc. But the finishing of low-rise buildings - suburban, private houses is not excluded.

It should be understood that it is quite difficult to do the installation of a porcelain stoneware ventilation facade with your own hands, this requires knowledge and experience, as well as a clear understanding of the installation technology, the features of the device and the intricacies of this process.

Technology of installation of ventilated facades made of porcelain stoneware

The device of porcelain stoneware facades is carried out step by step in several stages:

Design of hinged ventilated facades

The calculation of the number of porcelain tiles, the number of kleimers, brackets, guides is carried out, and the place of their installation is also calculated.

Approximate consumption of materials per 1 sq.m. in tables

Preparatory work

It involves fencing the place of installation work (distance 3 m from the building), ensuring the safety of work, purchase, delivery, sorting (if necessary) of material, etc.;

Preparation (facade) of the wall surface

It involves inspection of the wall surface, removal of strongly protruding elements, elimination of falling elements, primer. As part of this stage, the surface is marked, and the points on which the brackets will be mounted are determined. At the same time, the marking procedure is carried out in strict accordance with the design documentation:

a horizontal bottom line is applied;
along the line, the places for installing the brackets are beaten off;
two vertical lines are applied along the edge of the wall surface;

Marking is conveniently applied with paint, not with chalk. To control the accuracy of the application, a level is used.

Installation of brackets (support and bearing)

A 5 mm hole is drilled under the bracket for the ventilation façade with a puncher. less than the diameter of the hardware. A paronite gasket is placed between the bracket and the wall. They approach the fastening of the brackets responsibly, because. this is a key element of fastening the ventilated facade.

Installation of thermal insulation material

Soft insulation in slabs (for example, basalt wool) is placed between the brackets and fixed to the wall with umbrella dowels. At this stage, 2 mounting options are used: dowels or a plate can be fixed with foam-glue. The main thing is that the sheet does not move.

It should be noted that the installation starts from the bottom row, while it is advisable to install the bottom plates on the starting or basement profile. The task of the profile is to support the bottom row of sheets during installation and protect it from rodents and other pests. Subsequent sheets of insulation are mounted with an offset of half the sheet (plate).

Mounting the film (membrane)

A diffusion membrane or wind protection film covers the insulation and prevents its destruction from the air flow that passes through the ventilation gap. The film is fastened with an overlap of 100-150 mm along all edges. After the installation of the film, dowels-umbrellas are inserted through it, with which the insulation is thoroughly fixed (nailed).

Installation of guide profiles

The procedure for installing profiles for a hinged facade:

install the profile in the groove of the support and guide brackets;
leave the profile without fixation in the support brackets, this will allow it to move, providing compensation for thermal expansion;
in the guide brackets, the profile is fixed with rivets;
at the intersection of the profiles vertically, it is necessary to provide a gap of 10 mm. It is also designed to compensate for thermal deformations.

Installation of porcelain stoneware slabs

Cladding with glue is carried out according to the instructions of the glue manufacturer. Installation of porcelain stoneware on the kleimer is carried out in the following sequence:

determine the installation location of the clamps on the T-shaped profile (in accordance with the project);
drill holes for them. Please note that the work is done not with a puncher, but with a drill;
fasten the kleimer with rivets;
install porcelain tiles on the kleimer.

Fastening facade porcelain tiles in a hidden way requires a slightly different procedure. Sequential installation of the frame is shown in the diagram.

And the plate is attached to the kleimer by making cuts at its ends. This approach allows you to hide the porcelain tile attachment and reduce the load on the frame. There must be at least four fixing points for the plate.

In conclusion, we note that the installation of a ventilated porcelain stoneware facade on a large building is really a difficult task that requires the involvement of professionals. However, in private construction, it is quite possible to do it on your own. Because due to the smaller amount of work, the complexity of installation is reduced. In this case, it is advisable to resort to the advice of a specialist in the design and calculation of the material.

Finishing the facade of a private house with porcelain stoneware will allow you to get a modern and reliably protected facade with a long service life.

from porcelain stoneware - an excellent balance between the functionality of external walls in terms of heat retention and the aesthetic properties of the finish. The method of finishing the facade with porcelain stoneware is extremely common in Russia, primarily due to the affordable cost. Porcelain stoneware can be used to line the load-bearing walls of any building: residential, commercial, office, industrial. Installation of the ventilation facade system can be carried out at any time of the year, low air temperature only limits the ability of installers, it does not affect the system.

Hermetic external protection of the building from atmospheric moisture does not solve the problem of condensation of vapors escaping from the interior to the outside. An interesting way out of this situation was found. During their installation, a gap is left between the finishing of the house with porcelain stoneware and the inner layers of insulation. In the resulting space, convection air currents circulate freely, pulling water vapor from the walls.

Facing the facade with porcelain stoneware provides the building with a presentable appearance and protects it from all types of external weather factors. And its use as the outer layer of a ventilated facade creates favorable conditions for the long service life of building structures and the creation of a healthy microclimate in the interior.

Porcelain stoneware is an artificial material that is produced from a mixture of crushed natural minerals by pressing at high temperature. Finishing tiles obtained in this way have a homogeneous structure and a set of remarkable properties:

High impact strength, wear resistance, durability.
Ease of maintenance. Tiles can be washed and cleaned using any household chemicals. If necessary, it is easily replaced with a new one.
Facing with porcelain stoneware imitates various types of natural building stone, giving the building a solid and aesthetic appearance. On the market there is a large of this material in all colors and various textures.
Immunity to ultraviolet radiation, and sudden changes in temperature, frost resistance.
Fire safety and environmental cleanliness.
Low cost.

The procedure for installing a ventilated facade with porcelain stoneware trim

If we are talking about the reconstruction of the building, then at the preparatory stage, loosely fixed pieces of the old cladding are removed from the wall. There is no need to level the surface, as it will be hidden by the porcelain stoneware façade. The ability of load-bearing structures to withstand additional loads is evaluated. All necessary materials are brought in. The territory is fenced off.

If the installation of the porcelain stoneware facade will be carried out at a height, then scaffolding or cradles are installed. The wall is marked for the installation of brackets clearly in accordance with the project. The standard step of vertical guides for porcelain stoneware is 600mm, even if the board has a width of 1200mm. The pitch of the system can be shortened at corners, under windows, and wherever a porcelain stoneware slab needs to be trimmed.

There are different types of systems depending on the metal used in the structure:

galvanized;
aluminum;
stainless.

In galvanized systems, a vertical-horizontal mounting method is used. This means that in addition to the vertical guides, horizontal ones will also be used. Connecting with each other, the guides form a cage on the facade, where the cell is 600 * 600mm. This is convenient for installers, because there is the possibility of shifting to the left / right.

With a vertical arrangement of the system, the ability to move the tiles is limited by the allowable way to move the clamp relative to the top shelf of the profile. The clamp can be displaced, but the main condition for the admissibility of such a knot is that each clamp must be fixed with at least two rivets obliquely into the upper and lower holes.

Installers should be limited in their independent decision-making regarding the layout of porcelain stoneware on the facade. The interests of the owner of the building and the contractor organization are different, the aesthetic appearance is important to the owner, the layout must be agreed with him. We are talking about a project for a hinged facade with porcelain stoneware, the project must be mandatory. The project defines the layout and location of each structure node.

If it is not planned to carry out a curtain facade project for the building, it is easier to use a galvanized system, lay out and cut the tiles after the fact. If the building is expert, you need a project.

In most cases, porcelain tiles are installed in horizontal rows. To do this, using a level, it is necessary to draw the lower starting line on the wall parallel to the zero mark and determine the exact location of the corners. In the future, tiles will be installed from them, but for this it is necessary to correctly bring the frame under it in advance.

When manufacturing a ventilated porcelain stoneware facade, the installation technology must be observed in accordance with the Album of Technical Solutions and the project for the facade. Album of technical solutions - a set of typical nodes that can be used on a specific system. The album of technical solutions is coordinated by the FAA FCS when issuing a Technical Certificate for the system; each certified manufacturer has it.

In accordance with the markings made, they are installed on the wall through paronite gaskets. They are fixed with anchor dowels, which should go into concrete or masonry by at least 5-6 centimeters. Anchor pull-out tests should be carried out in advance in order to select a valid anchor in accordance with the loads transmitted to the anchor point.

A profile made of galvanized, stainless steel or aluminum is attached to the supporting brackets using self-tapping screws or rivets. In this case, two mandatory conditions must be met:

the upper shelves of the profiles form a perfectly flat plane for the correct fastening of porcelain stoneware to the facade;
between the layers of cladding and thermal protection leave space for natural ventilation;
depending on the project, the profile is installed in vertical rows or forms a grid of regular shape.

Insulation in suspended structures

Installation of a ventilated porcelain stoneware facade, as a rule, requires the presence of a continuous layer of insulation. For this, mineral wool mats with a density of at least 80 kg/m3 are used. They are pressed against the wall with dish-shaped dowels. Each mat has five dowels: four in the corners and one in the center. outside on them. It passes water vapor and prevents weathering of the heat-insulating material by ascending air currents. You can use two layers. The lower layer of basalt insulation can be of lower density - from 50 kg / m3. With two-layer insulation, each next insulation slab is laid on the previous one, overlapping the joints. Thus, maximum heat retention in the building is achieved.

Visible and hidden method of fixing porcelain stoneware

There are three ways to fix porcelain stoneware:

The visible way is the clamp;
The hidden way is through the German Keil bolt;
Hidden way - on the clamps in the side cuts of the plate.

What clamps for porcelain stoneware to use

The visible method is the most common, the clamp legs hold the plate from the outside. To give the cladding a more organic look, the facade clamp is painted in the color of porcelain stoneware. From a distance of several meters, visible elements become difficult to distinguish and merge with the cladding. Therefore, the method is very common.

Use clasps for ventilated façades with rust limiter or with multi-directional tabs, so the rusts will be perfect even after decades.

Rust in porcelain stoneware is the distance between the cladding slabs. The distance is set by the clamp used. Only in, when facing with porcelain stoneware, it is possible to use clamps with a horizontal rust of 4-5mm. The use of these clamps on aluminum subsystems is prohibited, because extrusion of tiles is possible due to climatic thermal expansions of aluminum guides. Standard rust in aluminum systems: 6..8mm.

Regardless of the system used, only stainless steel clasps with a thickness of at least 1.2 mm are allowed. Such a clamp cannot cost less than 18 rubles. And you still need to manage to find such a price.

Facade fasteners for porcelain stoneware: German bolt Keil

The method of hidden fastening came to us from Germany. The Keil Bolt is a bolt and anchor that fits into a trapezoidal hole on the back of a porcelain stoneware slab. Thus, there are no visible elements from the outside of the cladding.

The frame of the system in the case of a hidden way of fastening the cladding is vertical-horizontal. Porcelain stoneware is fastened to the facade through special hooks - agraphs. The detailed installation process looks like this:

In the workshop, on a special machine, a trapezoidal hole is drilled with a diamond-coated drill on the reverse side of the plate. The hole needs to be blown out.

Install the anchor inside the hole. The bolt is the second fastening element - it is screwed into the anchor. The anchor at the same time expands downwards at the base. The principle is similar to a furniture fastener of the “butterfly” type, when one element is screwed in, and the second fastening element is attracted to it. Sufficiency of tightening is checked with a measuring device. The measuring device is such a flat stainless probe, it should fit tightly between the anchor washer and the porcelain stoneware slab, but not fall out without effort. This means that there must be a minimum distance between the anchor bolt and the porcelain stoneware. The measuring device, special diamond-coated drills and the drilling machine itself with water cooling, table and rollers are manufactured by a German company that has a patent for the Keil anchor bolt.

The anchor securely fastens the hook - agraph to the porcelain stoneware slab. Then the agraphs act as a hook, which is hung on horizontal guides. There are three types of collars: an upper fixed adjustable collar, an upper fixed but not adjustable collar, and a lower fixed and non-adjustable collar. The fixation of the agraph is carried out by a rivet to the horizontal profile, the fastening prevents the facing from being torn off by gusts of wind. Adjustment of the agraf is carried out by a special adjusting bolt. Adjustment is necessary to catch all cladding plates in one plane. The lower agrafs are not fixed, they are needed only as an element of additional fastening and work on separation.

There is no need to dwell on the installation of the substructure, because the location of the brackets and the pitch of the guides is determined by the project, and does not have specifics in the case of the installation of porcelain stoneware. We only note that horizontal guides must have a branched section in order to withstand significant loads. As a rule, two horizontal guides fall on one porcelain stoneware slab - for the upper and lower agraphs. Agraf, as a standard, four on one plate 600 * 600mm.

The method is expensive, time-consuming, requiring a special drilling machine. A machine with a table costs about ten thousand euros. The price of one Keil anchor bolt is approximately 1.8..2 euros. Plus drills, measuring device. The cost of one square meter of the subsystem is higher, because the metal consumption, due to the horizontal profile, is greater. Only specialized contractors can carry out work on the hidden method of fixing porcelain stoneware.

The main thing is a presentable, chic and “expensive” facade, which very few can afford. Such a facade will advantageously distinguish your building from other buildings. The choice, of course, is yours.

Hidden way - on the clamps in the side cuts of the plate

The installation method of the system will not differ in any way from the visible method, with the exception of one feature. Clamp in the case of a hidden mount will need a different one. The legs of the concealed fastening clamp are installed in the side cut of porcelain stoneware, and thus remain in the thickness of the slab. Therefore, the method is called hidden.

The method is certified by very All because behind the beautiful method its unreliability is hidden. The thickness of porcelain stoneware for this method must be at least 12mm. However, 12mm thick porcelain tiles are hard to find and more expensive. Therefore, even for this method, as a rule, a 10mm plate is used. Cons of the hidden method by the side cut method in porcelain stoneware:

when cutting a hole on the side of 10mm porcelain stoneware, many chips appear - a large waste must be laid along the lining;
water will accumulate in the upper cuts. Expanding when converted to ice, the water will cause a chip - the plate may fall out. To prevent this, the hole is coated with sealant. The sealant is not safe from a fire point of view and its service life is shorter than that of the NVF system.
this method is certified for buildings up to 45 meters high. In fact, it is permissible to use it up to two floors, and it is better if the building is not an expert one.

On the other hand, you get a nice expensive look for a very affordable price. The owner is a bar.

Subsystem for ventilation facade made of porcelain stoneware

Units of a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware

For each system there is an Album of Technical Solutions, which contains a complete list of components for the system, developed by the manufacturer. But, to get acquainted with some nodes, consider the options.

The junctions of porcelain stoneware to, the distance between the tiles, the outer corner and more.

In custody…

From porcelain stoneware you can get a variety of ornaments. The traditional method involves laying slabs of the same color and size in a continuous array, highlighting the plinth or corners with panels of a different color. Shifting the rows horizontally gives the effect of brickwork. Sometimes it is diversified with colored inserts in random order. The combined use of facade elements of different sizes and shapes allows you to create complex compositions. Rectangular panels can be laid in a parquet pattern.

If you are thinking about how to clad a building, do not waste time going through numerous options. The use of ventilated facade technology with porcelain stoneware finishing will make any building not only beautiful, but also cozy and durable.

To reliably protect the building from the effects of weather factors, a ventilated hinged facade made of porcelain stoneware is increasingly being used. With its help, the appearance of the building improves, heat saving increases, and good thermal regulation is ensured. The design is a complex system, the functionality and durability of which depends on the exact observance of the installation technology of the ventilation facade made of porcelain stoneware.

The hinged facade of this type consists of a frame and cladding, the role of which is performed by porcelain stoneware. In rare cases, tiles made of natural stone, metal or plastic are placed instead. The frame is made of a metal profile attached to the wall, on which porcelain stoneware is hung. The structure is assembled using a guide profile, brackets, anchors, inserts and rivets, and when assembled it consists of the following elements:

Metal profile frame.
Thermal insulation material.
Vapor barrier and ventilation gap.
External cladding.

Preparatory work

Before starting work, the vertical and horizontal deviations of the plane on which the work will be carried out are checked with a plumb line or theodolite. This will let you know where short or long brackets are needed. Marks are made on the location of the cladding on the wall, taking into account the thickness of the seams, which will allow you to approximately calculate the consumption of tiles.

There is a zero mark for the building in order to navigate along it at the time of checking the horizontal seam on the facade cladding. The vertical axes are broken, equal to the size of the tile plus the thickness of the seam.

Subsystem

Installation of the structure begins with the installation of brackets. This is the most loaded part of the system, and the stability of the entire structure depends on the strength of its fit. It consists of a fixed part, which is attached to the wall through a gasket, and a movable part, where the vertical profile is mounted. The parts are fastened by bolting through an oblong hole in the movable part, which serves to adjust the length.

The second type of bracket is an angular movable one, it is assembled in the same way as a simple one and is attached to the outer corners. The choice of the length of these parts depends on the unevenness of the wall and the thickness of the insulation layer. If the length of the bracket is more than 1100 mm, use a reinforcing washer installed under the anchor. A thermal break plate must be placed under the bracket itself.

Almost always the walls of the building are uneven. But the installation of panels requires an aligned plane, for this:

Two brackets are nailed to the upper corners of the building and plumb lines are thrown.
A cord is pulled between the brackets to check the curvature of the wall, relative to this indicator, it is measured.
The brackets are aligned vertically with respect to the plumb line and along the length of the overhang with their simultaneous fastening to the wall. This results in an even vertical on one side of the wall. The same operation is repeated on the other side.
In the resulting plane, the remaining fasteners are mounted. The first row is fixed 50-60 cm above ground level, so that a basement is located in this place, which is recessed to a depth of 2.5 cm.
The distance between the brackets in the horizontal and vertical directions is projected and depends on the type of system.
For the lower plinth, brackets are additionally installed in a horizontal position.

Scheme of installation of the facade of porcelain stoneware

Thermal insulation installation technology

After attaching the brackets, proceed to the installation of insulation. For this:

Holes are cut under the brackets in the plate of insulating material through which the metal parts pass out. After placing the insulation, the cracks are sealed with pieces of material that is used for insulation.
Placing heat-insulating plates on the wall and fixing them with special fasteners with wide caps. The joint between the plates must be filled.

If the insulation is required to be placed in two layers, it is unacceptable to combine the seams. At the corners, the plates are overlapped, completely closing the corner.

After installing the insulation, the facade is protected from the penetration of moisture and wind with a breathable vapor barrier film that does not let moisture in, but allows it to evaporate from the insulation. From above and from the side, it is bent between the insulation and the wall. Its fixation occurs with the help of insulation fasteners with a consumption rate of 5 pcs / m². At the docking point, the lower layer overlaps by 10 cm under the upper one to prevent the ingress of flowing condensate. All overlaps are punched with insulation fasteners.

Installation of a vertical profile

Parts of the vertical profile is divided into 3 types:

T-shaped, for joints of plates;
L-shaped, for the middle of the plate;
Corner profile, placed on the openings of windows and doors, and the corners of the building.

Before starting installation, pay attention to the junction of the vertical profile. It must not be allowed to dock on the bracket. This is done between the brackets by the mounting rail. Fix the connection necessarily on all rivets.

Porcelain tile fixing

Fastening of ceramic plates is carried out on clamps, which are of four types:

Single clamp side;
Double clamp side;
Double-clamp upper and lower;
Four clamp.

A sealing gasket is inserted between the tile and the clamp. If you put it without it, there will be no rigidity of the fastening. The procedure for fixing tiles is as follows:

According to the previously applied mark relative to "zero", the first clamp is set, and connected with a riveting through a drilled hole.
A tile is placed on it, and the next one is attached to it. All other tiles are installed according to this principle.
Installation of slopes and ebbs, which are brought under the tile. Fire extinguishers are required.

A ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware is a reliable, practical and durable type of outdoor coating. At the same time, its installation is complicated, which will not allow a person without experience to do all the operations without qualified outside help. High-quality work is impossible without a phased implementation of the entire installation process in full accordance with the design documents by experienced specialists.

Installation of a ventilation facade made of porcelain stoneware: subsystems, thermal insulation and fastening of porcelain stoneware

Details about the installation of a ventilation facade made of porcelain stoneware. Fastening technology and the principle of operation of the system.

How to properly mount a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware slabs

In many modern countries, a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware is popular - a system complex of mechanical cladding, consisting of many components. It was designed to combine the aesthetics and high thermal performance of the exterior facade together.

In fact, this is a cladding fixed with crossbars and racks made of galvanized rolled metal or aluminum alloy. There is an air layer between the surface of the building and the cladding. Often it is filled with insulation - thermal insulation material. The advantage of such a system is that the insulation does not come into contact with the external environment, which is why the entire building has high energy saving rates. In this article we will consider the technology of its installation.

Components of the ventilation facade

The complexity of the system lies in the multi-layer lining for the ventilated facade, for each layer there is an instruction for proper installation. Ventilated porcelain stoneware facades and their installation technology include the installation of the following components:

Leveling layer.
Heat-insulating layer - is created by attaching panels of foamed plastic, mineral and vegetable fibers to the wall.
An air layer 5–7 cm thick is designed to ensure that the hinged ventilated facade is provided with air circulation inside (ventilation).
Porcelain stoneware fixing system - fastened to the wall with dowels, metal structure. If you need to attach porcelain stoneware, then it will include vertical and horizontal profiles.
Fastening device - open (clamps, which, after installation on the structure, partially peek out of it) or closed - steel inserts fastened at the intersection of the crossbars with uprights - fastening system.
External cladding.
Joint system.

Advantages of porcelain stoneware

Let us consider in more detail the advantages of porcelain stoneware. When choosing a suitable material for cladding, attention is drawn to the fact that it should protect the building from the negative effects of the external environment, let's not forget such a detail as its appearance after the work has been done. Porcelain stoneware just has the following properties:

aesthetic appeal;
fire resistance;
fire resistance;
ease of maintenance;
weather resistance;
low water absorption;
bending resistance, increased strength;
low thermal conductivity;
simple replacement of individual parts.

Thanks to them, a hinged facade made of porcelain stoneware is more optimal than a facade made of other building materials.

Installation of a porcelain stoneware facade

In general, the installation of such facades is not an easy task, and the installation of a ventilated porcelain stoneware facade should be carried out by specialists. The correct technology for installing a porcelain stoneware facade has six stages. They must be passed in a clear sequence, follow the recommendations of experts.

First stage: preparation

You need to understand that a ventilated facade made of porcelain stoneware slabs is a complex system complex, so the engineers took care of compiling a list of preparatory work, the procedure for which is fixed by law in the regulatory requirements "Organization of construction production".

First of all, you need to think about the safety of life, the health of people passing by the building and their workers. For this:

the marking of the boundaries of the risk zone is established at a distance of 3 meters from the building;
all materials and the place of assembly of structures are placed only inside this zone;
in difficult weather conditions, postpone installation;

“Remember! Strong winds and low temperatures mean you will have to install the porcelain stoneware façade later when the weather is nice.”

adhere to SNiP III - 4-80 as closely as possible.

Such tips are more related to work with multi-storey structures, but when installing a ventilated porcelain stoneware facade in your home, it is also advisable to follow safety precautions so as not to harm yourself or the residents.

The second stage: determining the points for installing brackets

To mark the installation locations of the brackets, carefully study the technical documentation - it must be done strictly according to the project developed by the engineers. It is carried out in two stages:

Lines for beacons are defined:

Lower horizontal - their extreme points are determined by a level, marked with indelible paint. With the help of a laser level and a tape measure, intermediate points for the brackets are marked. Two extreme vertical ones along the facade - plumb lines are lowered from the parapet and vertical ones are drawn at the extreme points of the horizontal lines.

The mounting points of the brackets are marked with indelible paint.

Third stage: installation

Instructions for mounting brackets:

Use a puncher and make holes in the wall.
Install the paronite gasket.
Using a dowel and a screwdriver, install the support brackets.

Fourth stage: thermal insulation and wind protection

At this stage of the installation of the porcelain stoneware ventilated facade system, the following work is performed:

The insulation plate is hung through the slots.
The panels of the wind and hydroprotective membrane are hung and temporarily fixed. “Remember! When installing ventilated facades made of porcelain stoneware, observe an overlap of sheets of at least 100 mm.
Drill holes through it in the wall to install dish-shaped dowels;
Mount the plates on the starting profile or plinth;
Hang the plates from the bottom up horizontally in a checkerboard pattern, trimming them as needed; “Remember! You need to make sure that there are no gaps between the plates.
In the case of two-layer insulation, two or more dish-shaped dowels are fixed on the slab, and the plates are fixed in the same way as single-layer insulation.

Fifth stage: installation of guides

Installation of vertical guide profiles on adjusting brackets:

Profiles are installed on support and bearing brackets;
With the help of rivets, the profile is fixed to the bearing brackets;
Fire breakers are installed.

Sixth step: cladding

Installation of porcelain stoneware for ventilated facades is carried out in the following order:

Using an electric drill, holes for clasps are marked.
Sticking to the drawings, install the clasps. Use rivets to attach to frame. Use self-tapping screws for mounting.

At the same time, the installation of porcelain stoneware is done in one of the following ways:

without a noticeable seam - porcelain stoneware is joined by a horizontal cut to the facade to two guides. In addition, it will reduce the load;
with a noticeable seam - in comparison with the previous one, it is easier to perform.

In general, the installation of a ventilated porcelain stoneware facade is not an easy job. But if you follow the installation order and do not deviate from the project developed by the engineers, the porcelain stoneware facade will reliably protect the building from heat loss and other possible external threats.

Ventilated porcelain stoneware facade: installation technology

How to properly mount a ventilated facade made of porcelain tiles? Advantages and disadvantages of porcelain stoneware ventilated facade.

Ventilated porcelain stoneware facade: installation technology

For many decades, engineering and construction thought has been looking for the best way to protect the facade walls from the harmful effects of moisture. The result of a long search was the development of a ventilated façade technology with a porcelain stoneware finish. In general, this technology includes a whole cycle of works, the principles of which we will try to understand in our today's conversation.

The technology of erecting ventilated facades is quite complex and does not tolerate arbitrary interpretations of certain principles underlying it. When erecting such a facade, one should strictly adhere to those rules and standards, the implementation of which is required according to the technology.

Installation of a ventilated facade of a hinged type using a finish in the form of porcelain stoneware slabs

Stage #1 - Preparatory

For the construction of a ventilated facade, a number of preparatory work is required. Moreover, all work should be carried out in a certain order, which is recorded in the relevant requirements of the sanitary and epidemiological service for the organization of any construction production.

The preparatory phase should include the following steps:
- it is necessary to mark the boundary of construction work at a distance of about three meters from the walls along the entire perimeter of the building;
- on this site, all materials necessary for construction and finishing work should be placed;
- here it is also necessary to equip a place for work related to the assembly and installation of the frame structure;
- under adverse weather conditions, any construction and finishing work should be completely excluded.
Read also about finishing the facade with putty in addition to this material.

This range of preparatory measures is more relevant for facing multi-storey buildings. However, it is necessary to adhere to them when arranging the facade of a one-story private house - this approach will serve as a guarantee of safety for you and your household from any force majeure situations and surprises.

Stage number 2 - Marking the walls for installing fasteners

Before proceeding with the construction of the frame structure, it is necessary to carry out precise markings on the walls of the house in those places where the support and load-bearing mounting brackets will be mounted, on which the ventilated system itself will be fixed. At the same time, it is necessary to adhere to the developed design and technical documentation.

Markup should be done in several stages:
1. First, you should outline the lighthouse lines: a horizontal line along the bottom edge of the facade and 2 vertical lines along the edges of the wall.
2. Using paint along the drawn lines, draw all the points in those places where the installation of support and load-bearing fasteners-brackets is supposed to be on the last vertical lines.
Stage number 3 - Fixing fasteners-brackets on the walls of the house

The brackets should be fixed in accordance with the installation instructions for the ventilated facade. First you need to drill holes in the wall - this should be done with a puncher. Then, paronite gaskets should be installed in the holes obtained. Installation of carrier-type brackets is carried out using a screwdriver and dowels-anchors.

Stage number 4. - Laying heat-insulating material and organizing protection from wind and moisture

At this stage, the following manipulations should be performed:
- the insulation is “hung” directly on the wall of the building through the slots for the bearing brackets;
- a moisture-proof membrane film should be hung on the insulation layer and temporarily fixed. Adjacent strips of a moisture-proof film should be applied and overlapped, while overlapping the edge of one strip on the other should be at least 10 cm.
- through the film and insulation, drill holes in the wall of the building for installing dowels-plates;
- carry out the installation of heat-insulating material - this work should be started from the lowest row (starting profile or basement of the building) and move upwards;
- laying of heat-insulating plates should be carried out end-to-end, without leaving through gaps and cracks;
- if this becomes necessary, it is possible to trim the heat-insulating plates with a manual hacksaw with a fine tooth;
If according to the project, it is required mount thermal insulation material in two layers, then you need to do it like this:
- the bottom layer of insulation is attached to the wall with dowels-plates; at the same time, each layer of insulation must be fastened with at least two dowels;
- the top layer of insulation should be mounted in a checkerboard pattern and also fastened with dowels-plates.
Stage number 5 - Installing the guides

At this stage, installation vertical profiles to bearing brackets. For this purpose, you need:
- install and fix metal profiles in the corresponding grooves of the supporting fasteners-brackets;
- using rivets, fasten the metal guides to the supporting fasteners-brackets.
In those support brackets that have the ability to adjust, the profile is installed in a free order, without tightening. This ensures that the profile does not deform during sudden temperature changes.

In those places where adjacent vertical guides are joined, a small gap should be made (7-10 mm). This is done for the same purpose - to avoid deformation of the guides as a result of seasonal fluctuations in temperature.

In addition, at this stage it is desirable to fix cutoffs, which serve to prevent fire (for details about their installation, contact professionals).

Stage 6 - Finishing the ventilated facade with porcelain tiles

Finishing the ventilated facade with porcelain tiles should be carried out in strict accordance with the project documentation. You need to do this in several stages:
- Using an electric drill, drill holes in a metal profile (holes are marked in accordance with the project documentation);
- insert clamps into the drilled holes and securely fix them with self-tapping screws to the frame profile.
Be sure to study the tips for installing a porcelain stoneware ventilation façade and get other answers to similar questions.

Installation of porcelain tiles can be carried out in two ways - with a seam visible to the eye and without it ( We recommend that you study the article on the use of facade porcelain stoneware within this material.). The first option is much simpler in execution, the second is more complex, but the result will be more aesthetically attractive.

The seamless installation method is as follows: the tile is fixed to two adjacent profiles using a horizontal cut. In this case, the load on the frame is significantly reduced.

In conclusion, let's summarize

The erection of a ventilated hinged facade on your own is a rather complicated process. However, if you approach the matter in strict accordance with the project documentation and follow all the recommendations step by step, you can achieve an ideal result without resorting to the help of professional builders-finishers.

Properly executed facade decoration with porcelain stoneware will reliably protect your home from all adverse natural factors for many years to come! Good luck with your work!

Installation technology of a ventilated porcelain stoneware facade

Porcelain stoneware ventilated facade: installation technology For decades, engineering and construction thought has been looking for the best way to protect facade walls

Ventilated porcelain stoneware facade - installation technology and installation features

Ventilated facade - porcelain tile cladding installation technology

Ventilated facade - cladding installation technology

The emergence of a system of hinged ventilated facades is due to the fact that there is an urgent need to somehow remove and remove moisture from the outer walls of buildings.

The fact is that moisture has a negative effect even on fairly durable materials - under its influence, biological pests are formed, chemical oxidation reactions are activated, etc.

The installation of ventilated facades completely solves all such problems - the technology works due to the formation of an air layer between the facing material and the wall. Since such air has a different pressure than the air outside, a natural circulation occurs, which removes moisture by its action and prevents stagnation of gases.

Design and features of ventilated systems

Installation of hinged ventilated facades implies the consistent creation of a multi-layer structure, which we will consider below:

The load-bearing walls of the building - all the upper layers will rest on them - this fact alone gives rise to the need to know in advance whether the facade will withstand the entire load. The survey will include identifying any deviations from verticals and horizontals, identifying the need for additional reinforcement, identifying the degree of wear of wall components, etc.

L-shaped bracket for installation of batten guides

Mounting clamp of open type for installation of porcelain stoneware

As thermal insulation, for private buildings, it is recommended to use mineral wool

Preparatory measures before the installation of the cladding

The installation technology of a ventilated facade involves the consistent installation of all of the above elements. However, before the main installation work, you need to carry out a number of preparatory work.

Since the profile for ventilated facades must be installed on a relatively flat surface, the first step is to level the surface of the walls.

To do this, the surface of the walls is cleaned of paint, peeling plaster, putty and other similar materials. Delaminations are cleaned in such a way that the installation of brackets does not lead to delamination of wall fragments.

The evenness of the facade subsystem is ensured by leveling the deviations from the level with the help of putty. So the entire structure installed on top will not warp. In addition, the heat insulator will fit snugly against the wall, which is extremely important.

Before leveling, all traces of biological pests such as beetles, mold, fungi, etc. are removed. After that, the facade is treated with special antifungal and insecticidal impregnations.

Thus, when planning your expenses, you need to take into account not only the cost of the materials that will be placed on the facade, but also a variety of related materials for preparation, be it putty or various impregnations.

Further, the installation of ventilated facades involves marking for future brackets. To do this, you can use the building level, but many professionals recommend using a plumb line - the vertical is determined more accurately with its help.

Having sketched the vertical lines, taking into account the size of the facade panels, we apply horizontal markings. This concludes the preparatory activities.

Fasteners and insulation

For the arrangement of the crate and the installation of porcelain stoneware, the following elements may be needed

Installation of brackets for facades in accordance with the markup is carried out as follows:

Holes are drilled with a perforator;
A plastic or paronite gasket is placed under each bracket;
After the bracket is installed in the right place, it is fixed with an anchor (the screw is pressed with a screwdriver);

Installation of insulation is carried out on top of the brackets

The insulation of the ventilated facade is mounted next to the brackets:

Heat insulator plates are hung on the wall, for which slots for brackets are used;
Each insulation plate is attached to two dish-shaped dowels;
A special film is hung over the insulation, which has waterproof and windproof properties (each next strip should overlap, closing the previous one by 10 cm);
Right through this film, the insulation is attached at the rate of three more dowels for each plate.

Features of ventilated porcelain stoneware cladding

General scheme for the arrangement of ventilated porcelain stoneware cladding

The device of the porcelain stoneware facade assumes some of its own features, due to the mass of the facing material.

So, in this case, it is desirable to use an aluminum subsystem for facades. If the material requirements are not so strict (unless it must be a corrosion-resistant metal), then the frame installation method should include both the construction of vertical racks and the installation of horizontal crossbars.

Vertical elements are mounted on brackets, horizontal - on special racks.

Otherwise, the installation of a porcelain stoneware facade is practically no different from the installation of any other hinged facade. The only point concerns the fact that fasteners for heavy ventilated structures can be installed more often, and the frame pitch can also be made narrower.

Such a measure saves curtain panels from harsh climatic conditions, be it strong winds or even an unfavorable environment in terms of seismic activity.

Technology of installation and installation of cladding

Having completed all the preparatory work on cleaning and leveling the surface, you can proceed with the installation of a ventilated facade - we will consider the further installation technology in more detail.

Facade mounting technology involves the installation of guides.

Installation of the crate is carried out in strict sequence

So, fastening vertical profiles includes the following steps:

Fastening profiles to load-bearing elements using rivets. It is not necessary to put rivets on the regulating brackets - this is done to compensate for micro-movements resulting from the action of temperatures;
To compensate for temperature deformations, one more detail is made: gaps from 0.8 to 1 cm are left at the vertical joints of the profiles.
Fire breakers are being installed.

Now everything is ready to install the cladding itself directly. Please note that the complete installation process of facades is described in the instructions - some points differ from material to material.

In any case, long panels or rectangular slabs will be attached to the frame with self-tapping screws or cleats.

Installation of porcelain stoneware on pre-mounted clamps

We describe the process for the installation of porcelain stoneware cladding:

Holes are being marked for the installation of clamps.
In accordance with the markup, holes are made with an electric drill. The diameter is chosen so as to be 0.2 mm larger than the rivet diameter.
Clamps are installed, which are then fixed with rivets. At the same stage, porcelain stoneware itself is placed. Self-tapping screws are used to fasten the tiles to the frame.

If you want to know in more detail how the installation of ventilated facades is done, it shows all the incomprehensible moments. It should be noted that self-installation should be carried out only after a thorough study of the installation technology of the purchased cladding.

Ventilated porcelain stoneware facade - installation technology and installation features - Easy business

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