Business plan for the production of cabinet furniture. Production of cabinet furniture from chipboard. How not to do business. How much money do you need to start a business for the production of natural wood furniture

• Recruitment
• Sales organization
• How much can you earn

Recently, there has been some growth in the furniture and furniture production market in Russia. In many ways, this is facilitated by two circumstances - an increase in the number of new buildings put into operation and an increase in the income of the country's population. The main influence was made by individual orders, that is, orders for the manufacture of furniture according to original author's sketches. The expected annual growth of the furniture market, according to experts, is 8-10%. The main prerequisite for the development of the furniture market is the growth of the real estate market.

How to start a furniture manufacturing business

You can open your own furniture manufacturing business in one of two ways:

1. Manufacture of furniture according to individual orders;
2. Serial release.

These areas differ sharply in a number of important parameters, namely in the general approach to the organization of production, distribution channels, profitability (in serial production it is no more than 15%, and in individual production - more than 25%).

Today, many furniture factories offer sofas of the same design, but of completely different quality and at different prices. This is because the formation of Russian furniture production began with copying Western models. The point is that designing, producing prototypes, and researching demand on your own is expensive. Only a large enterprise or a highly specialized company operating in the premium segment can afford this.

Thus, copying furniture samples until recently was a profitable business. Factories were not very eager to produce some original models, because the consumer was already well aware of what was being done for the masses.

However, recently the situation has changed somewhat. Buyers are increasingly paying attention not only to price and quality - now they are also interested in furniture design. Therefore, more and more manufacturers are beginning to introduce their own developments, opening design bureaus at their production sites. In general, the serial production of designer furniture is a promising business. A striking example is Italy, the birthplace of furniture design. For Italians, the price of furniture is largely determined by the name of its author or brand.

How much money do you need to start a business

The size of the initial investment entirely depends on the "manufacturability" of production. The simpler the technology, the less money is needed to launch furniture production.

The cheapest way to produce furniture from laminate - both cabinet (cabinets, walls), and upholstered. The amount of investment for opening a business (purchase of equipment, repairs, rent) in this case will be 2-3 million rubles.

You can purchase equipment on lease - this is an excellent alternative to bank loans. Leasing does not require collateral, which is very important for a novice entrepreneur who does not have real estate on his balance sheet. In addition, lease payments reduce the taxable base.

Turn to the state for help - today there is an opportunity to receive gratuitous financial assistance from the state, including receiving a grant for starting a business, subsidizing part of the cost of paying interest on a loan, under leasing agreements, etc. For more information about the forms of support in your region, please contact the local administration or the websites of the relevant ministries.

What equipment to choose for the production of upholstered furniture

For the production of upholstered furniture, you will need sewing machines (one of three to four different types), a panel saw and a pair of pneumatic pistols with a compressor.

Such a set of equipment is enough to organize production with a monthly turnover of 1.5 million rubles.

Technology for the production of upholstered furniture

1. Sawing board materials according to frame shapes and cutting foam rubber for soft elements.
2. Assembly of the frame and fittings.
3. Upholstery of details and tailoring of covers.
4. Final assembly of upholstered furniture.

What equipment to choose for the production of cabinet furniture

The set of equipment for the production of laminate cabinet furniture is slightly different. You will need to purchase an edge bander, panel saw and hand power tools.

Cabinet furniture production technology

1. Cutting board materials.
2. Edge banding of furniture parts.
3. Assembly and fitting of fittings.

If the company plans to work with veneer, MDF boards and solid wood, then an additional planer and milling machines for processing solid wood, grinding and calibrating-grinding for processing solid wood and board materials, hot and cold presses for veneering board materials with veneer, varnishing and painting booth for finishing finished furniture.

The technological process in this case is somewhat more complicated, and will include three stages: veneer, sanding and varnishing with painting. The organization of such production is many times more expensive, since more equipment is required. Working with laminated chipboard (laminated chipboard) requires the purchase of expensive packaging equipment, as well as large warehouses, since the sales volumes of laminated chipboard furniture with the same monthly revenue turnover are several times higher (by 300-400%) than the sales volumes of furniture made of solid wood and boards MDF. The cost of producing furniture from MDF plywood is five times higher than the production of the same model from chipboard, not so much due to materials, but due to higher labor costs.

If there are very few funds for the purchase of expensive equipment, then the main part of the production processes, including veneer veneer, can be outsourced to third parties. Although this increases the cost of the final product. Outsourcing is beneficial when an enterprise specializes in the manufacture of cabinet furniture from laminated chipboard for individual orders, but occasionally they come across customers who want to buy something more expensive and prettier, and it is not unforgivable to miss such a customer. In this case, it makes sense to order semi-finished products on the side, and only assemble them ourselves. But only very small “handicraft” shops work this way.

Choice of premises for production

Finding the right space for furniture production is not an easy task. The thing is that the room must meet a number of stringent requirements, which are dictated by the specifics of the technological process: high fire hazard, high energy consumption, the need to maintain a certain temperature in the room (not lower than 16-18 degrees). So, at the request of the fire inspection, the main production (furniture finishing) should be located on the first floor of the building. There should be free access roads to the building itself.

The room should be equipped with a fire alarm system, the installation of which will cost about 500 rubles. for 1 sq. m. In addition, the installation of an industrial ventilation system will be required, which is also far from cheap. Do not forget about the presence of a stationary water heating system - without this, it will not be possible to organize a normal production process.

What documents are needed to open a furniture manufacturing business

1. Certificate of conformity for finished products. Issued for a three-year period by non-profit organizations that have the appropriate accreditation;
2. Sanitary and hygienic certificate. Issued by Rospotrebnadzor for a period of five years;
3. Certificates of conformity for materials used in furniture production. Their copies are issued by any bona fide supplier. Passing the certification procedure with these documents is not difficult - it will take no more than three months.

Recruitment

One of the most effective and easiest ways to find staff is to place ads in newspapers.

Please note that an experienced carpenter will ask for a salary of at least 35 thousand rubles per month. You will not have much choice, as there is a shortage of qualified personnel in the labor market. The system of vocational education in our country is in an undermined condition. Even those young people who want to work in production have received such poor training in schools that they do not even know the basic safety rules.

The only way to somehow solve this problem is to divide the production process into a number of simple operations and assign several workers to them. In this case, the number of specialists potentially ready to work in your production will increase. However, you should be aware that cabinet makers will not completely replace cabinet makers.

The success of a furniture company largely depends on the availability of highly professional engineering and technical specialists. However, there should not be more of them than the workers directly at the machine. As the company grows, IT specialists will also be required, as modern machines have software.

As for increasing labor motivation, it is necessary to introduce a piece-bonus form of remuneration - this greatly increases the efficiency of staff work. But no one has canceled the “carrot and stick” method either - an elementary fine improves the quality of production and responsibility for observing safety regulations.

Sales organization

Not a single normal production will function without well-developed distribution channels for products. In the case of furniture production, there are several ways to sell products:

1. Work with private customers. Under such a scheme, in order to ensure a normal cash flow, more than 15 large projects need to be completed annually on a turnkey basis. When cooperating with private clients, be prepared for their temporary insolvency, missed deadlines for approvals, etc.

2. Opening your own outlet in a shopping center. This is the easiest way to start selling your own products. The presence of a retail outlet in the shopping center ensures a constant influx of customers, while the company incurs fewer costs (for security, repairs, advertising, etc.). But, the organization of trade, especially for novice manufacturers, can take a lot of effort. In addition to the actual production problems, it is necessary to solve a lot of tasks that are unusual for a production worker, including the search for a retail space, sales personnel, the introduction of trade standards, training in sales techniques, etc. Despite this, having your own retail point of sale (and more than one) is very useful.

3. Sales office or head office. Having our own sales office allows us to serve home furniture customers (designers and architects), and also allows us to process transactions via the Internet. While the World Wide Web cannot yet provide a large number of remote sales (no more than 10% of the total number of orders), nevertheless, more and more manufacturers are beginning to trust this sales channel and consider Internet sales to be very promising.

How much can you earn

I think everyone is very interested in how much you can earn in the furniture industry? First you need to understand by what criteria the cost of a particular furniture is formed. Most often, actual manufacturers calculate the final cost of finished furniture, the cost of materials (spent on the production of this piece of furniture) and all this is multiplied by a factor of 2x. As a result, this amount will be enough for:

• expenses (purchase of parts, materials, accessories);
• wages for employees;
• rental of premises and warehouses;
• delivery.

As a result, the manufacturer has a small percentage of profits. In the process, everyone is satisfied, both customers (due to the rather low cost) and manufacturers (clientele is increasing). As a result, receiving a small percentage of each sale (and since there are many customers, which means sales, respectively), the manufacturer has a good income. At the same time, there are “furniture makers” - these are people who do not have high-quality production, equipment, enough workers, warehouses, etc. (they are also called “garage workers”) calculate the cost of furniture in a completely different way than the above-described “normal” manufacturers . Thus, due to the lack of organization of production, "furniture makers" have production costs much higher than those of the official organization. In prices, they charge extra for accessories, sawing and processing wood (and other parts), making doors, shipping, wages to workers (furniture assemblers, etc.). And all the costs, "garage" multiplies by a personal coefficient, the degree of which depends entirely on his personal views. As a result, the cost of the goods will be higher than that of the manufacturer "everything is according to the rules." But they also have their worst enemy - competition. Each "furniture maker" wants to earn as much money as possible, but due to the fact that their number is growing every day, they begin to reduce prices so that they take goods from them, after a certain period of time their business goes into complete bankruptcy and they have to close.

Which OKVED to indicate when registering a business for the production of furniture

For registration of furniture production, the main OKVED code is 31.X. Under the symbol X, various branches of furniture production can be used. For example:

• for the production of furniture for offices and trade enterprises, the code is used - 31.01;
• production of kitchen furniture - 31.02;
• production of other furniture - 31.09;
• if furniture is traded, then the main code is 52.X.

Which taxation system to choose for business registration

It is impossible to say exactly which system of taxation to choose. It all depends on some factors. If you have a large number of legal clients. persons, then undoubtedly LLC - it will be easier for them to work with you. If you want to create furniture based on a patent, then you should choose an individual entrepreneur, but this will limit the number of possible workers.

Do I need a permit to open a furniture production?

Yes need. To do this, the employer needs to take some kind of permission that allows you to carry out high-risk work, as well as the use of various high-risk machines, mechanisms, and equipment. You will also have to take a short course on labor protection and conduct safety briefings.

In this article:

The furniture business can be developed in two ways - to sell furniture already made by someone or to produce your own. But it is much more profitable to combine these two streams into one channel. And the easiest option for organizing your own furniture production is the opening of a workshop for the manufacture of cabinet furniture.

What is included in the category "cabinet furniture"

Cabinet furniture is a piece of furniture that has a "box" design and is designed to be placed along the walls. This category includes: tables, racks, cabinets, cabinets, walls and other types of furnituremade from separate hard parts.

The production of cabinet furniture is regulated by the following standards:

• GOST 16371-93: Furniture. General specifications.
• GOST 19882-91: Cabinet furniture. Test methods for stability, strength and deformability.
• GOST 28105-89: Cabinet furniture and tables. Test methods for drawers and half drawers.
• GOST 13025.1-85: Household furniture. Functional dimensions of storage compartments.
• GOST 28136-89: Cabinet wall furniture. Strength test methods.
• GOST 26800.4-86: Furniture for administrative premises. Functional dimensions of cabinet compartments.

Analysis of the market for cabinet furniture

According to the Federal State Statistics Service, the production of cabinet furniture is the most demanded type of furniture business, which occupies about 25% in the niche of all furniture production. Today's consumer is well aware of what cabinet furniture is and why it is needed. At the same time, even the brand or the company's long stay on the market is not important - offer a lower price with decent quality - and your buyer is yours.

If you arrange consumer requirements in the form of a pyramid, then the bottom and most “weighty” tier will be the price, then the materials used, build quality, original design, and only then the manufacturer’s brand. Therefore, despite the huge competition in the cabinet furniture business, there is a place for everyone who can understand the desires of the consumer and predict fashion trends.

Who is a potential buyer?

According to the analysis of age characteristics, the target audience of cabinet furniture buyers is divided into two groups:

• young people under the age of 30 who purchase furniture for the first time;
• the older age category (40-50 years old), who buy new furniture to replace the old one.

The most demanded "representatives" of cabinet furniture are kitchens and walls for the hallway and living room.

Raw materials for the production of cabinet furniture

Cabinet furniture can be made from chipboard, MDF, solid wood. To reduce the cost of production and the final cost of the product, companies often combine these materials, for example, replacing expensive furniture panels in the wall area and partitions with chipboard or laminated fiberboard.

The easiest option to start production is to make furniture from double-sided laminated particle boards (LDSP). Why?

Firstly, there will never be any problems with the supply of such raw materials - laminated chipboard is produced in plenty by both domestic and foreign manufacturers. Secondly, for the same reason (broad offer), it is possible to agree on favorable delivery terms (with deferred payment, discounts for large lots, etc.). Thirdly, the use of laminated chipboard significantly reduces the cost of production, since it reduces one stage - veneer or laminate veneer in the manufacture of furniture, which requires additional investment and makes sense only with large volumes of production.

For the selection of raw materials, it is necessary to be guided by the following indicators:

• thickness of chipboard boards (16-18 mm for external walls and 12 for internal partitions);
• density - compliance with GOST 10632-89;
• emission class according to 16371-93 - E1.

For the back walls of furniture, fiberboard (GOST 4598-86) can be used.

Features of the technological process for the production of cabinet furniture

There are several options for the technological process of manufacturing cabinet furniture. They can be divided into chains of various lengths:

• a complete technological process - from the manufacture of material for the hull base (chipboard, MDF, furniture board) to the finished product. This is the best option for mass and serial production, which can significantly reduce the cost of materials, but is very costly from the point of view of small businesses;
• medium - the manufacture of furniture, where the raw materials are finished sheets of chipboard, fiberboard, MDF - in fact, only cutting and assembly;
• short (assembly only) - the production of cabinet furniture is carried out from custom-cut chipboard, chipboard, MDF. This is the most popular option for starting a small business from scratch, which involves working on a specific order without buying expensive cutting equipment. Then, after developing an appropriate customer base and receiving serial orders, you can think about purchasing your own cutting and edge banding machines in order to "lengthen" the process chain and expand production. This explains the relative ease of entering the furniture manufacturing business - in fact, it can be plan in any sequence of the production cycle.

The manufacturing technology of any cabinet furniture is divided into five main stages:

• Drawing up a project of the finished product in various planes;
• Cutting the necessary materials for the details of future furniture;
• Drilling nests for fasteners;
• Facing trim edges (laminated edge, veneer, PVC film);
• Assembly of the finished product.

A detailed description of the technological process depends on the automation of production and the percentage of the use of manual and mechanized labor. The most progressive (and, accordingly, expensive) production is considered to be equipped with automated machines (CNC). The operator only needs to enter the dimensional data into a special computer program, design the desired product and give the “start” command.

In just a few minutes, the CNC machine will cut out the necessary walls and partitions of future cabinet furniture from clearly fixed materials, drill holes according to the development plan. It remains only to veneer the edges and assemble the finished furniture. But it is profitable to buy such lines in the presence of constant serial orders. It does not make sense to reconfigure the machine for each piece of furniture on an individual order. Therefore, let's consider for example the "golden mean" - the work of a semi-automatic line of several machines with partial use of manual labor.

To start such a production, you will need the following equipment:

1. panel saw with manual feed of materials;

2. edge banding machine for straight edges, concave and convex elements;

3. drilling and filler machine for making blind and open holes for fittings, hinges, dowels;

4. grinder;

5. screwdrivers;

6. perforator;

7. cutting tools (milling cutters, drills, knives).

Description of the production technology of cabinet furniture

1) After the development and approval of the sketch by the customer, a model of the future product is created using a computer program , which can be installed on a regular laptop.

For example:

• Cutting- a program for choosing the optimal cutting of sheets of chipboard, chipboard, MDF with the least loss;
• PRO 100- a program for visualizing a sketch of a model in 3D, drawing up a design, constructing and calculating the necessary materials, parts and accessories for assembly.

But manufacturers of automatic and semi-automatic machines offer other types of programs already installed on their equipment, such as "UCANCAM V9", "ArtCAM", etc.

2) A plate of the material from which the product will be made is fixed on the machine, sawn into separate parts in accordance with the cutting charts.

If furniture is made from fiberboard - this is where the preparatory work ends - the parts are sent for assembly. If we are talking about furniture made of chipboard or chipboard - rough blanks are subject to mandatory machining of sawn edges;

3) Furniture parts made of chipboard come to the edge banding machine, where with the help of glue and pressure press slices of plates are faced with a laminated edge , PVC film, melamine or other edging materials;

4) Depending on the equipment of the machine, holes for fasteners are done:

• semi-automatically- on filler machines;
• manually, using rotary hammers and electric drills, using drawings with additive schemes.

6) After the holes are added, the product is ground along the edges (to smooth, remove the overhangs of the edging material in height and length) and sent for assembly;

7) Control Assembly using a hand tool helps to identify shortcomings and inconsistencies and eliminate them in the finished product. After that, the furniture is disassembled (if necessary), packed and sent to the finished product warehouse.

Estimated business plan for organizing the production of cabinet furniture

1. Project goals

The company plans to open a furniture workshop for the production of cabinet furniture of the middle price segment.

Range: cabinets, tables, shelving, bedside tables. The production will be organized on the principle of an incomplete cycle: raw materials in the form of chipboard and fiberboard boards, as well as accessories, will be purchased from suppliers for further cutting according to patterns into finished panels, processing and assembling furniture according to the developed drawings.

2. Financing

To launch production, it is planned to attract the own funds of the founders of the LLC, which will reduce the payback period and give an advantage in the formation of pricing policy.

3. Target group of buyers:

• intermediaries - specialized furniture stores, repair and design studios;
• end consumers (retail) - people with an average income who prefer to renew furniture every 3-4 years;
• final consumers (wholesale) - state enterprises and state institutions, office centers, hotels.

4. Ways of implementation:

A) through a warehouse-shop in which samples of work will be exhibited and an office equipped to receive customers;

B) direct deliveries of furniture batches to private companies and government agencies; C) through dealer networks (including in other regions).

5. Advertising campaign

Advertising will be built with the expectation of the target group of consumers, for which the following will be used: media (advertising in the press of the relevant subject), the creation and promotion of your own website on the Internet, placement of advertising banners on websites dedicated to interior design and renovation of premises. It is planned to allocate 60,000 rubles per month for advertising purposes.

6. Organizational issues

For the legal registration of business, it was decided to create a Limited Liability Company (LLC) on the general taxation system. This form makes it possible to work with both large wholesale suppliers and consumers, as well as retail buyers.

The following documents are required to register a company:

• information about the name of the enterprise;
• decision of the founders (protocol) on the opening;
• information about the director and accountant;
• details of the account opened for the contribution of the authorized capital (if the contribution is in cash), and the current account for conducting business activities;
• confirmation of payment of state duty;
• charter, indicating the amount of the authorized capital (at least 10,000 rubles) and such types of activities:
  • 36.12 Manufacture of furniture for offices and shops
  • 36.13 Manufacture of kitchen furniture
  • 36.14 Manufacture of other furniture
  • 51.47.11 Wholesale of furniture
  • 52.44.1 Retail sale of furniture
  • 52.44.5 Retail sale of wood products, cork and wickerwork
  • 52.61.2 Retail sales carried out directly by means of television, radio, telephone and the Internet.

7. Requirements for the premises for the production of cabinet furniture

• First floor,
• availability of all communications,
• three-phase electricity 380 W,
• access roads and loading docks,
• lack of moisture and high humidity.

It is planned to rent a room of 500 m 2 at a price of 240 rubles / m 2, broken down into 3 parts:

• office with an exhibition hall, with an area of ​​50 m 2 ;
• workshop for the production of cabinet furniture, with an area of ​​350 m 2;
• warehouse of raw materials and finished products - 100 m 2.

Total - 120,000 rubles / month (1,440,000 rubles / year).

8. Staff

To work in one shift (21 working days / month, including holidays and weekends), the following staff is required:

• director - 40,000 rubles / month;
• accountant - 35,000 rubles / month;
• customer service manager - 20,000 rubles / month;
• designer-designer - 25,000 rubles / month;
• master of production - 30,000 rubles / month;
• shop specialists - workers with knowledge of the main types of furniture machines and the features of working with chipboard, fiberboard and MDF boards (5 people for 20,000 rubles / month);
• auxiliary workers - (2 people at 12,000 rubles / month).

Total: 12 people.

Estimated Wage Fund - 274,000 rubles / month.

Payroll taxes (37.5%) - 102,750 rubles / month.

Total salary costs - 376,750 rubles / month.

9. Main and auxiliary equipment

Total cost - 423 950 rubles

10. Performance

It is planned to release products in the following volumes:

• pedestals - 100 pieces / month,
• tables - 100 pieces / month,
• cabinets - 100 pieces / month,
• racks - 100 pieces / month.

11. Calculation of the cost of production

According to the calculated data of the table of consumption of materials for output

and prices for materials

The cost of production will consist of the following material costs:

• consumption of materials,
• electricity,
• advertising,
• the salary,
• depreciation,
• rent.

Pedestals - 18,354 (material costs) + 207.59 (electricity) + 94,187.5 (payroll + unified social tax) + 21,197.5 (depreciation) + 45,000 (other costs: rent, advertising) = 178,946.59 rubles /month.

Tables - 27,550 + 207.59 + 94,187.5 + 21,197.5 + 45,000 = 188,142.59 rubles / month.

Cabinets - 44,647 + 207.59 + 94,187.5 + 21,197.5 + 45,000 = 205,239.59 rubles / month.

Shelving - 19,210 + 207.59 + 94,187.5 + 21,197.5 + 45,000 = 179,802.59 rubles / month.

Total: 752,131.36 rubles / month.

12. Price

Calculation of the wholesale selling price per unit of production (cost per unit of production + profit margin):

Cabinets - (178,946.59 rubles: 100 pieces / month) + 25% = 2,236.83 rubles.

Tables - (188,142.59 rubles: 100 pieces / month) + 25% = 2,351.78 rubles.

Cabinets - (205,239.59 rubles: 100 pieces / month) + 25% = 2,565.49 rubles.

Racks - (179,802.59 rubles: 100 pieces / month) + 25% \u003d 2,247.53 rubles.

13. Revenue and profit

Revenue: 2,236.83 * 100 pieces + 2,351.78 * 100 pieces + 2,565.49 * 100 pieces + 2,247.53 * 100 pieces = 940,163 rubles / month.

Cost: 752,131.36 rubles / month.

Balance sheet profit: 940,163 - 752,131.36 = 188,031.64 rubles / month.

Income tax (20%): RUB 37,606.33/month.

Net profit: 940,163 - 752,131.36 - 37,606.33 = 150,425.31 rubles / month.

14. Financial analysis

Expenditure part

• material costs - 752,131.36 rubles;
• capital costs - 423,950 rubles.

Total: 1,176,081.36

15. Product profitability

(Balance Sheet: Cost) * 100% = (188,031.64: 752,131.36) * 100% = 25%

With the manufacture of 400 units of cabinet furniture per month, the payback of the project will be 8 months.

Today I.Q. Review publishes production history. Few people want to do this, because the “buy-sell” scheme requires much less skills and labor costs. However, daredevils are found. This is the story of an "ideological" married couple who wanted to make the world a little better. You'll learn what mistakes they made and what it takes to be successful in production.

How we decided to engage in the production and sale of cabinet furniture from chipboard

My name is Irina, I live in Irkutsk, my husband and I were 26 years old at the beginning of the start of the business in 2013, we are closing soon (2.5 years of activity).

Production of cabinet furniture

My husband and I had a dream - to run our own business. But not just buying and selling, but the production of things people need, to be useful. My husband was good at designing and making cabinet furniture from laminated chipboard (laminated chipboard), he really liked to translate his ideas into tangible objects and make familiar things comfortable.

At first it was furniture for my home and for friends and relatives, and then there were small private orders from other people. After that I had experience as a furniture project manager in industrial production. And we decided, that's it - it's time to start doing furniture production on our own, and not work for the "uncle". Of course, we had no experience in running our own business, and we began to study this issue.

In general, a manufacturing business involves a complex system. It is necessary to immediately have premises, equipment, qualified personnel, transport. Think about, suppliers and many other things, and at the same time, so that not a single element falls out of sight.

With regard specifically to the production of furniture, these rather bulky items also require a lot of space: for large machines, storage of materials and finished products, as well as space to work at different stages of production.

Many people told us about the high competition in this segment - and indeed, the furniture market is one of the actively growing ones. The volume of the Russian market of cabinet furniture is already more than 4 billion dollars a year (author's data, as of the end of 2015 - ed.). But furniture production is mostly concentrated in the Central District of Russia, and only 2.9% of the total is produced in our region.

We have decided on our target audience - these are low- and middle-income clients. The main material for our production is relatively inexpensive (chipboard) and widely used, and fittings and furniture facades were already selected for each project, depending on the customer's budget.

We planned to engage in the production of only cabinet furniture (it includes models with a rigid body and the absence of soft parts) in the following areas, including built-in furniture:

• Kitchen sets
• Bedroom furniture
• Living room furniture
• Hallway furniture
• Cabinet furniture

We had several options for the concept for the project: the manufacture of furniture for private orders for individuals and legal entities, the creation of collections of typical furniture for different segments of customers and its sale through city and region stores. They even wanted to create an online store of ready-made furniture solutions (they started doing it), and then their own chain of stores. But we decided that at first we would focus on working on an individual order, and then we would think about a line of typical pieces of furniture.
At the same time, they were going to work actively to create and promote their brand, focusing on quality, ergonomics and non-standard design (as far as possible with such materials).

Business plan for furniture production

We did not have our own initial capital - only ideas, a desire to change the world and a small client base. They hoped only for themselves and believed in luck. Since we had nothing to hire workers, we divided work responsibilities among ourselves: my husband completely covered production at all stages, took orders, worked with suppliers and communicated with customers personally. In addition, he was engaged in the overall strategy and the search for points of sale. And I got marketing, advertising, public relations, taxes and future personnel.

It was planned to invest 5-8 million rubles in the business within five years at the expense of profits, loans and investments from outside. These funds were supposed to gradually purchase the necessary equipment and premises. By the end of the investment, the total number of employees was going to be increased to 18 people (director, accountant, sales manager, designer-technologist, storekeeper, 11 production workers and two loaders). The minimum planned sales volume at the end of the first year of operation was to be 400 thousand rubles per month.

How to get a subsidy of 300,000 rubles for a small business

We were not going to write a real business plan (we thought that everything would be calculated), but just at that time the city administration announced a competition for projects to provide subsidies to small and medium-sized businesses. We were very interested in investing in a business of 300,000 rubles with virtually no obligations, and we decided to try to participate in the competition.

To do this, my husband registered as an individual entrepreneur, and we began to collect the necessary documents and draw up a business plan. 15% USNO was chosen as taxation - the most convenient option for high-cost production.

It was important to find suitable premises and equipment at the beginning of the work. We were very lucky that we managed to agree on the lease of a workshop with the necessary machines of the former existing production. There was everything you need for normal operation for the first time. Of course, not in excellent condition, but it was possible to work. My husband taught himself how to repair machines. We made a contract with the landlord, negotiated the price for a long time, but we decided that we could handle everything. The advantage of this premises was the close delivery of the main material for production. We carried out the delivery of small items by personal transport, which, of course, affected its quality.

We did all the paperwork and wrote the business plan ourselves. We barely managed to collect documents confirming the expenses for the required amount (15% of the requested subsidy - 45,000 rubles) from the start of IP registration. I remind you that we had no money at all, so it was necessary to have time to fulfill several orders for furniture and from that already enter the costs. We barely had time to collect everything, handing over documents for a subsidy in the last minutes. We won the competition for a subsidy, but in addition we got obligations for constant reporting and the official hiring of three people within six months.

Our biggest business mistakes

The amount of a subsidy of 300,000 rubles was requested for a new edge banding machine (a thing that quickly glues the edge and reduces the time it takes to make furniture). It was assumed that it would increase the volume of production and profitability. It was the choice of this machine that became one of our main mistakes. Looking back, we understand that it was worth spending the received subsidy on the rent of the workshop, on the purchase of materials or on the main machines that will be used frequently. But we bought something that stood idle almost all the time. I wanted to buy more new equipment for not very big money. The machine turned out to be inconvenient, problematic to maintain, and some problems constantly arose with the supplier company. Our inexperience and their irresponsibility did their job, the money was spent nowhere.

The quality of work and active promotion really made a name for us, and there were always orders. But the husband simply could not physically produce the necessary volume of products to cover the basic costs. Income was rarely more than 100 thousand per month instead of the planned 400 thousand. The debt for the rent of the premises began to accumulate - our largest expenditure part. And they added quarterly taxes, pension contributions and force majeure (somehow our workshop was flooded and a lot of finished products and materials were destroyed by water). And there were also rash decisions, such as renting an office where we didn’t work a day, and buying a domain for the site.

We decided that it was time to hire workers, especially since the deadline for obligations for the subsidy was approaching. Our expectations that people will come who are just as well versed in technology and who want to work hard and earn based on the results of their work, of course, did not come true. Then we began to look for just capable students without experience, but again - nothing. As it turned out, not everyone wants to earn money, most people just want to get money. So my husband had to work with varying degrees of success alone without days off, and sometimes even without sleep.

Since we were still bound by subsidy obligations and had to employ people and pay at least the minimum wage and all deductions from it, we found ourselves in an even greater financial hole. If it were possible to guess what the receipt of a subsidy would lead to in our case, we would hardly have gone for it. They would work quietly in the shadows without any taxes and deductions and would collect capital for business development. But what's done is done.

We got into fixed costs:

• rent,
• IP insurance premiums.

into variables:

• purchase of materials
• electricity bill,
• payroll and payroll taxes,
• USNO tax,
• other general business and production expenses.

Due to financial problems, we lost the workshop, the new machine had to be given away to pay the rent debt. We found ourselves without funds for production, and even with obligations to customers. They began to cooperate with another workshop for cutting material, here the husband did the main work. Correspondingly, the productivity dropped dramatically, and we lost the trust of customers due to non-compliance with the deadlines for the production of the order. After all, now the chain of actions for creating a finished product has become very long, and almost every element had its own problems.

In fact, we never had a profit, we always ended up in debt to someone, borrowed and re-borrowed money. Now we are delaying the fulfillment of the last orders in order to pay off the most urgent obligations and close our activities. It was not worth hoping for the opportunity to work in production without any capital. Alas, the dream of creating a strong production remained only a dream.

• Staff
• findings

Natural wood furniture will never lose its relevance. The demand for wooden furniture from year to year shows a steady growth, despite the fact that there is a lot of furniture from alternative materials (glass, plastic, metal). The main reasons for this are high environmental friendliness, the absence of toxic impurities, moreover, the tree carries positive energy and warmth.

Assortment of production from natural wood

Wood is the best raw material for making furniture for the kitchen and children's room.
That is why a properly organized business for the production of wood products will always find its client. The list of products that can be made from wood is very diverse:

• tables;
• Chairs;
• Furniture for restaurants and bars;
• Arbors and furniture for summer cottages;
• Doors and wall panels;
• Sofas and armchairs for offices;
• Cabinet furniture;
• Kitchen sets;
• Playgrounds;
• Game tables (billiards, poker);
• etc.
  

What taxation system to choose for a wood furniture business

The organizational and legal form of an enterprise for the production of wooden furniture can be either an ordinary individual entrepreneurship or a limited liability company. For small workshops, at the initial stage, a regular IP is quite suitable, since registration of this activity (as well as closing) is many times easier and cheaper than opening a legal entity (LLC).

But, individual entrepreneurs cannot create their own branches, large firms are not so willing to work with them, and entrepreneurs have more risks of losing personal property (in the event of lawsuits) than legal entities (which risk only the property of an LLC).

Therefore, with the consolidation of the business, the registration of an LLC promises a lot of advantages. As a taxation system, the most optimal is a simplified taxation system - USN, 6% of revenue or 15% of profit.

The application of the USN exempts the enterprise from paying income tax, property tax and VAT. Switching to this special the mode is carried out immediately at the time of business registration on the basis of a notification.

What is the OKVED for a wood furniture business

When registering a business, the application must indicate the OKVED code. The following codes are suitable for the production and sale of wooden furniture:

• 36.12 Manufacture of furniture for offices and trade establishments;
• 36.13 Manufacture of kitchen furniture;
• 36.14 Manufacture of other furniture
• 51.47.11 Wholesale of household furniture;
• 52.44.1 Retail sale of furniture;
• 52.44.5 Retail sale of wood products, cork and wickerwork;
• 52.61.2 Retail sales carried out directly by means of television, radio, telephone and the Internet.

If you open an individual business, then the application should indicate all the OKVEDs for which you plan to work (you can at least 30, it will not be superfluous). If you register an LLC, you can specify only one code, since the charter of the LLC will state that the Company can engage in any type of activity that does not contradict the law.

As for the license. Mandatory licensing and certification of manufactured furniture is not established by law. But, some enterprises voluntarily draw up quality certificates for their products (to increase sales). In this case, compliance with such norms and standards as:

• GOST 16371-93 “Furniture. General technical conditions”;
• GOST 28793-90. Furniture. Tables. Definition of sustainability
• GOST 28777-90. Furniture. Crib Test Methods
• GOST R 50051-92. Furniture. Chairs. Definition of sustainability
• GOST 19917-93 “Furniture for sitting and lying. General technical conditions”;
• GOST 19194-73 “Furniture. Method for determining the strength of fastening of decoy legs of furniture”;
• GOST R 54208-2010 “Protective and decorative coatings for furniture made of wood and wood-based materials. Classification and designations.
• GOST 13715-78 “Joinery plates. Specifications";
• GOST 30255-95. Furniture, wood and polymeric materials.

What equipment to choose for the production of natural wood furniture

To organize a full-cycle furniture production, you will need to purchase: a thicknessing machine, a jointer, a drilling and grooving machine, a circular saw for cutting a wide board, a milling machine, a grinding machine, a turning-milling copy machine, a spray gun, a drilling and filler machine, an edge banding machine, etc. auxiliary equipment. The main equipment supplier is China and Taiwan.

How much money do you need to start a business for the production of natural wood furniture

Estimated costs for the purchase of equipment for organizing the production of full-cycle wood furniture are 700 - 1000 thousand rubles(including accessories).

Raw materials used for furniture production

For the manufacture of wooden furniture, ready-made furniture panels or edged solid boards are used. The most popular types of wood are: pine, oak, beech, hornbeam, alder, birch, larch. Sawn and dried boards are purchased from forestries, timber enterprises and private firms.

One m3 of edged pine board will cost about 6500-7500 rubles. Particular attention in the production should be given to the paintwork. The varnish protects the wood from external influences, increases resistance to moisture, thereby increasing the life of the furniture. To achieve the best result, the wood is varnished at least three times, drying thoroughly after each application.

Expert tips for creating natural wood furniture

Step by Step Plan to Start a Wood Products Business

The size of the premises for organizing a furniture business directly depends on the planned volume of production. If we are talking about a full production cycle (and not a “garage version”), then the following departments are required:

1. Production shop - a place where woodworking machines and other equipment will be located;
2. Assembly shop - a place for assembling wooden furniture from pre-prepared parts;
3. Paint shop - a room for paint and varnish work;
4. Dryer or drying chamber;
5. Warehouse for finished products / warehouse for raw materials;
6. Production staff room;
7. Restroom, shower room;
8. Premises for administrative staff and sales managers.

The requirements for the production facility are standard and require heating, water supply, ventilation, a 3-phase network, and a fire safety system.

Technology of production and manufacture of furniture made of wood

The full cycle of wood furniture production includes the following steps:

Stage 1. Preparing a working sketch. At this stage, technologists develop three-dimensional models and working drawings of the future product.

Stage 2. Preparation of wood for production. At this stage, the type of wood is selected, as well as the drying of the solid wood for 10 days, until its moisture content drops to 80% of the original values.

Stage 3. Dissolution of the furniture board with the help of a multi-saw machine. At this stage, the bark is removed and the board is cut to the specified dimensions.

Stage 4. The cross cutting machine removes knots, resin pockets, curves and other defects.

Stage 5. Splicing of bars along the length - preparation of lamellas. Wooden blanks are laid out on the table, aligned along the edge and pressed with a press from above and on the sides. Upon reaching the programmed length, the lamellas are cut off and sent to the press.

Stage 6. Lamellar bonding. The lamellas are subjected to two-sided grinding and glued on a fan press, taking into account the guide fibers. The bonding time is 40-50 minutes.

Stage 7. Forming a shield of the desired size using a tape-cutting machine.

Stage 8. Planing a lamella from both sides on a thicknessing machine.

Stage 9. Sawing a furniture board to the desired thickness using a calibrating grinder.

Stage 10. To create additional strength, an array of wood is finished with veneer.

Stage 11. Reaming mounting holes on a drilling and filler machine. The production of individual pieces of furniture is carried out on automated machines according to specified parameters. Such machines make all the necessary cuts, cuts and edges of veneer.

Stage 12. Finished products are subject to control checks for defects and defects.

Stage 13. All details are polished 3 times to give the perfect smoothness of the product.

Stage 14. Lacquering and painting of furniture in accordance with the given design.

Stage 15. Drying of the product.

Stage 16. Packing the product and sending the finished product to the warehouse. In addition to the full cycle, there is also a short production cycle. This is when ready-made dried boards serve as raw materials for the production of wood products, which are polished, sawn into certain parts, assembled and varnished.

Staff

The mandatory staff of even a small enterprise for the production of wooden furniture includes:

• constructor-designer;
• technologist;
• carpenters-machine operators (from 4 people);
• carvers;
• auxiliary workers (from 2 people);
• Sales Manager.
  

The company will also need an accountant, a cleaner, a personnel officer and a lawyer. However, most small businesses, in order to save money, involve these workers on the basis of outsourcing. It is not profitable to arrange such employees for a full-time job, with small volumes of production.

findings

The organization of the production of furniture from wood of a full cycle is a very complicated matter. The project manager has to solve such important issues as: selection of qualified personnel, staff motivation, selection of high-quality wood and paintwork materials, purchase of expensive equipment and tools, study and implementation of carpentry technologies, regular retraining of production personnel, sales management, processes, people and much more.

It is for this reason that many inexperienced newcomers to this field are in for an imminent collapse. According to some market players, the best way to study the industry with minimal risk is to organize the business in a somewhat "truncated form". For example, you can only design furniture, and entrust the production processes to an experienced craftsman. The key task of organizing a business will be to find a responsible and competent partner.

Professional business plans on the topic:

• Furniture production business plan (36 sheets) - DOWNLOAD ⬇
• Furniture store business plan (39 sheets) - DOWNLOAD ⬇

How much can you earn in the production of wood furniture

The payback period for such a business is an average of 2 years. The competition in this area is quite strong and in order for your business to flourish, you need to constantly care about product quality, analyze the market and competitors, conduct advertising activities and attract new customers through continuous improvement and expansion of the product range.

With the right organization of the business, the annual net profit will be up to 40 percent of the costs, which is definitely a good enough indicator.

What documents are needed to open a business for the production of wood furniture

First you need to decide on the legal form of the enterprise. The organizational and legal form will depend on the choice of potential consumers of your products - individuals, small entrepreneurs, or legal entities and institutions. Required documents for registration of LLC:

1. Company name.
2. Opening decision protocol.
3. Information about the founder and accountant.
4. Requisites.
5. Charter.
6. A document confirming the payment of the state fee.

Are permits required to open a business?

List of permits for opening a business for the production of wood furniture:

1. Trading license.
2. Permission from SES.
3. Fire department permit.
4. Product certification.

An experienced lawyer will provide you with assistance in obtaining all permits and certificates, which will significantly reduce the time for registration.

Room.

Staff.
Director.
Working staff.
Designer.
Sales Manager.

Marketing.
Advertising.
Types of advertising.
Sales of products.

Financial plan.
Investments.
Payback.

production options.

Manufacture of custom-made furniture.
Business development prospects.

Despite the fact that you won’t surprise anyone with the production of furniture for a long time, the demand for these products is not falling. There is no oversupply in Russia, but production facilities operate in a highly competitive environment.

Not everyone can withstand the competition, someone works for a long time and fruitfully, constantly delighting customers with new models and design solutions. Someone is unable to keep the business in a strong flow and crashes, not having time to really find their place in the market.

Starting a furniture manufacturing business is serious business. Requires mandatory legal registration, clear calculations of investments and plans for the sale of finished products. And in order for the business not to go down in history, it is imperative to follow all the points and make every effort to implement them.

When registering a business, it is best to assign it the status of an LLC. The status itself already speaks of the seriousness of intentions and will help attract investors from outside or as founders. The amount of planned investments is not small and it is unlikely that it will be possible to do without additional injections. The LLC status provides an opportunity to generate additional income through the register of additional activities and expand the business in the future.

Also, this legal status gives prospects for participation in profitable tenders and cooperation with serious chains of furniture supermarkets, which positively affects the reputation and income of the enterprise.

Room.

After all the design actions, it is necessary to organize the room where the workshop will be located. The industrial zone of the city is best suited. The room you need is not small - about 300 m2. Hangar structures are perfect.

The problem of finding a suitable room is quite urgent, so you need to start doing this in advance. It is best to seek help from companies that specialize in this. They already have offers. They know for what purposes, which premises are suitable, what technical parameters must be met and what standards must be met.

When concluding a lease, be sure to pay attention and stipulate the terms of the lease. You need a long-term lease agreement in order to avoid troubles with moving and re-registration of the production address in the future. Sometimes premises with some equipment already available there are rented out. If you have such an option, that's great.

The rental of production equipment is added to the lease agreement - and you have less costs, and the owner has less headache where to put it and what to do with it.

Equipment for the production of furniture.

To start production, you will need special machines. Buying them is not a problem.

Edge banding machines are necessary for processing synthetic (melamine, PVC, ABS) and natural materials (veneer, paper).

The edge banding process takes place after the cutting process of the material on the format saw. We'll talk about it a little lower. Without fail, the equipment for facing the edges must be selected depending on what kind of furniture you intend to manufacture.

For better understanding, here is a brief description of the process of the machine:
- Manually or by means of an automatic module, glue is applied to the surface, heated to the desired temperature.
- The machine applies an edge according to the dimensions of the workpiece. It is possible to cut the edge with a technological margin.
- Further, with the help of the machine, the edging material is pressed against the surface to be treated.
- After the operation of the machine, the applied edge is finished - removing excess glue, processing the edge, grinding and polishing lines and corners.

It is not superfluous to repeat that the configuration of the machine must be selected according to the type of furniture being manufactured.

They are produced in various formats - both for small-scale production and for batches of industrial volume. Direct purpose - cutting furniture parts from sheet materials (plywood, chipboard, fiberboard).

In order for the work to be carried out without chips, two cutting units are used - the main and the scoring. Perfectly cut laminated material with high precision thanks to the body of the saw unit mounted at an angle. The presence of a scoring saw in the machine provides an absolutely clean cutting, without chips and notches.

Machines are produced in several types, each of them has its own characteristics and special purposes. Your task is to choose from a wide range of proposals exactly the one that is ideal for production. The main difference is the way the workpiece is placed - horizontally or vertically, that is, a transverse or longitudinal cut. And another difference is the type of carriage. Machines are made either with a ball or roller carriage.

No matter what equipment you choose, pay attention to the availability of additional tables. They are indispensable when cutting full-fledged sheets of material. An important point is the clamping upper beam and the upper pneumatic clamp. They will provide reliable fixation of small workpieces, which is necessary in the production of furniture of exclusive design with small details.

The main purpose of the equipment is a more thorough preparation of the part. The machine saws the material to the desired thickness.

The workpiece is installed on the work table exactly with the pre-treated base surface. The workpiece is fed to the rotating knives automatically. Main technical characteristics:
Rated supply voltage - 220 W;
Rated power consumption of the collector motor - from 1500 W;
The frequency of rotation of the planer shaft with planer knives - 8000 rpm (idle);
The average height of the workpiece processed on the machine is 15 cm, the width of the working table is from 25 to 50 cm, with the corresponding width of the workpiece being processed up to 45 cm.
the average speed of the automatic feed of the workpiece is 8 meters per minute.
The average planing depth is 2.5 mm. Depends on the width and properties of the workpiece.

Thicknessing machines are divided into one-sided and two-sided. Unilateral have one knife shaft located above, over a desktop. Double-sided, respectively, have two knife shafts. The second is built into the desktop and performs the function of processing the lower part of the part. The working table itself is movable, with the help of it the required height is set for processing the material to the required thickness. Machines are also distinguished by the power and maximum lifting of the desktop, its width and depth of planing.

A fairly wide price range is convenient for choosing the necessary equipment depending on the buyer's budget. The price depends on the country of manufacture and technical parameters.
When choosing a thicknesser, pay attention to the safety features. The design must necessarily be protected from overloads by a power interruption unit. When an overload occurs, the thermal relay must be activated and the power supply to the machine must be interrupted.

Choose machines with quiet operation that a belt drive can provide. It also protects the engine of the machine from overloads.

For additional safety of machine operation, network switches are often used. In addition to direct functions, they are equipped with a protective function against unauthorized activation during the absence of the operator.

In furniture production, wood or any other material goes through many technological processes, and a four-sided machine is the basic equipment for many of them.

The main function is profiling molded products, cutting boards into lamellas for a furniture board. For a furniture production workshop, sufficiently powerful equipment with a large throughput is required. When choosing a four-sided machine, first of all, you need to pay attention to its dimensions. For example, in order to process a workpiece with a size of 40 cm, a milling cutter of the appropriate parameters (about 80 mm.) is needed. In order for the equipment to cope with the processing of materials of large sizes, a high-feed function is required. The worktable must be robust and wear-tested for stable operation under constant load.

Best of all, strength is shown by machines with cast iron tables. Very convenient and often necessary is the function of increasing the supply and reception tables. To do this, the characteristics of the machine must indicate the presence of a function of manual or automatic regulation. If you are planning a serious production, then your four-sided machine must have a high feed rate - up to 30 meters of processing per second.

Some manufacturers produce universal four-sided processing machines. That is, with the possibility of resmusing and profiling functions. By simply moving the planer knives in the desired direction, the working function can be easily changed. Such a machine will help to significantly save money on starting investments. But for the full-fledged operation of the workshop with maximum output, you still have to pay special attention to each process - this will increase quantitative indicators, which is important.

To fully support the furniture production workshop, there is a fairly large number of different machine tools, but the four most important and mandatory are described above. The purchase of such a kit will cost approximately $40,000.

Staff.
An enterprise in the LLC statue has obligations of mandatory staffing.

Director.
Appointed by the meeting of founders. The candidate may be one of them, or an outsider who meets the requirements of the position.
Full-time accountant. Person with liability. He can easily perform the functions of an employee of the personnel department. Must be familiar with the articles of the Labor Code. Maintain personnel records and related reports.

Working staff.
Operators are needed to maintain production equipment. One for each machine. Workers are also needed to assemble furniture. That's 3 other employees. In general, for a complete staffing of the working staff, you need seven people - this is quite enough for the full-fledged process of the workshop. Workers performing assembly functions can go to the customer's home to install finished orders.

Designer.
Such a specialist is definitely necessary for the enterprise, but it does not have to be full-time at all. Design may well perform the function of "coming". Cooperation is formalized by means of an agreement with an agreement on the number of working hours per week or month and the corresponding salary. A designer can collaborate with several companies at once, have several projects and easily implement them. It would not be superfluous to prescribe a clause in the cooperation agreement not to disclose the plans and concept of the enterprise's work in order to withstand fair competition and without violating one's interests.

Sales Manager.
Don't be skeptical about this much-needed staff. At the first stages of launching production, an employee who will be responsible for sales is more than necessary. Try not to save money and look for an experienced manager with your own client base and a good reputation. This will be of great help in promoting your business. Moreover, the manager also performs the function of an advertising medium. And you need advertising like air.
There are several algorithms for calculating wages for a sales employee:
Fixed amount (rate).

As a rule, a fixed rate is quite rare and is usually accompanied by the official registration of labor activity. Often the amount of the rate is equal to the minimum wage established by law. Someone like this option, we wish them good luck.

Rate +% of sales;
This payroll algorithm is very common among companies. It is actually very convenient for both the owner and the worker. The rate, again, is minimal and the percentage is small because the volume of sales per month (or the planned volume) can be very large. With such volumes, the salary is not higher than 0.5% of this amount, but mainly 0.2-0.3%. The rate, as in the previous paragraph, is the minimum or below the minimum. There are companies that offer a bet of $100. and add to this money% a little higher than usual.

Rate + % of cash receipts for the current month;
In this case, the guaranteed payout amount may be different. The % figure is no more than 1. But, pay your attention to one “BUT” - the manager earns his hard-earned% from the amount of money coming into the company, that is, from the amount that the accounting department sees on the account at the end of the current month. Many beginners confuse or simply do not pay attention to this condition when applying for a job. Naturally, then the problems begin.

% of sales;
One of the most common algorithms. The most profitable % of sales is calculated. Depends on the amount of planned sales for the reporting period. The larger the amount, the lower the percentage. Furniture is an expensive commodity, so the maximum salary for a manager is 3%.

% of the receipt of money for the company for the current month.
Accrual according to the same principle as in paragraph No. 3, only without a guaranteed rate. In this case, the % depends on the planned sales volume - the higher it is, the lower the %. Not the worst algorithm in the event that the manager came to an already established client base, that is, there were already sales in the past period and money for the sold goods will be received this month. This is important, because the majority of clients work with deferred payment, especially for large retail outlets - where the delay can reach up to 3 months.

Basically, according to this algorithm, the sales agent begins to receive a salary not earlier than the third month of work. Let it not surprise you if you agreed to such an algorithm - take it as it is, nothing can be done about it. Before the money for sales begins to flow into the company, you can offer a fixed rate, but it will be minimal or increased - this algorithm is described in paragraph No. 2.

% of profit;
This algorithm is probably the most difficult for the employee to perceive, but very beneficial for the owner.

The bottom line is to pay a commission of 10% of the net profit received from sales. It is important to pay attention to the fact that the profit is calculated from the price at which the product entered the sales department, and not from the cost.

The salaries of employees are determined by the average salaries of employees of the relevant categories and profile of the region in which it is planned to launch production.

Marketing.

Advertising.
Advertising is the most important process in the promotion of furniture production. It is important that a potential client knows about you before the finished product enters the market. There is a lot of competition in this type of business, and if you want to make yourself known, you need to do it in advance.
If you are seriously thinking about fruitful and long-term work, forget about "black" and "gray" production. Develop and register your own TM with Rospatent of the Russian Federation. The registered trademark of the promoted brand is heavily protected from counterfeiting and, in which case, you can always defend your rights.

To do this, you must submit an application and pass a designation check for similarity. The advantage of registration is obvious - the right to use TM for 10 years (after it is successfully renewed) has a positive effect on the company's image and, accordingly, on the reputation and degree of trust on the part of a potential client. For the illegal use of your TM brand, you can claim compensation for material damage through the court.

If you do not have time to do this, there are companies that will take over all the administrative duties for a fee and register the trademark as soon as possible. The cost of such services is about $ 500.

After entering TM in the general register of the State Patent, immediately start advertising the enterprise and its products.

The very first thing to do is to clearly define the market segment and clearly imagine who your customers will be. Who do you want to see in your customer base.
An advertising company is an expensive business, but it does not make sense to save on it. It is necessary to direct it as accurately as possible to the segment that you identified as potential in the first place.

In order for advertising to be of high quality and work correctly, it is imperative to study the market and your competitors. Carefully analyze the pros and cons of their work and products. Analyze the pros and cons of your production. Why is it necessary?
First of all, such an analysis will allow you to clearly define the advantages that you will use in the development of advertising campaigns. These can be high-quality materials, natural wood of valuable species, solid fittings, qualified staff, the latest equipment and production technologies. Be sure to indicate the work of the designer in the development. Often this fact is able to quickly and permanently form a customer base. There are many connoisseurs of design work among potential clients. Moreover, who, if not a designer, constantly monitors the latest global trends in the furniture industry.

In addition to "black" and "gray" manufacturers, Chinese manufacturers of furniture and components remain your competitors. This is another serious niche in the furniture industry and occupies a significant place in the market. It is not worth underestimating such a competitor and not paying attention to him.

Companies representing a Chinese manufacturer are distinguished by fairly cheap offers, but not always of high quality. You can use the advantages in the form, quality, the possibility of an individual order according to the sizes specified by the customer in your advertising campaigns aimed at similar customers.

What are the options:
Manufacture of cabinet furniture;
Children's furniture;
Cushioned furniture;
Office furniture;
Bathroom furniture;

With any variant of the direction of production, advertising should maximally meet the needs of a potential client and attract his attention.

Types of advertising.
Advertising on billboards ranks first in terms of memorability. It is expensive, but at the beginning of the production path, business definitely needs it. Post information about yourself in several places, or at least in one, but the most effective. Advertisers own the intricacies of placements. Don't be afraid to trust them. It is in their interest to make your advertising effective.

The next step in promoting a business should be creating a company website or a professional landing page. This is a prerequisite. As Bill Gates said: "If your business is not on the Internet, then it does not exist at all."

Actively promote the site and the ledding on the network - this will add enough customers to the company.
Building a good website costs about $500. Form an accessible interface and make it understandable even for inexperienced users. Without fail, the site must contain information about the company, its data, contacts. Create a colorful eye-catching catalog and order button. Describe all the benefits of the proposals and customers will not keep themselves waiting long. Create a wide range of payment methods.

Take advantage of our printing services. Colorful booklets, flyers, business cards. These are mandatory advertising attributes for starting any business.

You can place information about the new company in the media. It is better if these are specialized publications. Don't skimp on the best seats - this is the first and last spread of the magazine. It's expensive, but justified by the result.

Create a beautiful catalog. It will be useful both to the manager and in several other sales options.

Sales of products.

As mentioned above, the sales manager will deal with the sale of products. It may be one or more. But the owner must be directly involved in the development of the action plan.

You have already implemented advertising that attracts a potential client to you. You can, of course, stop there and fulfill those orders that come to you from these sources.
But if possible, do not miss the opportunity to increase sales.

One of the best options is to open your own store. Better yet, a small network. If the production is located in a metropolis, then several districts of the city can be used for the operation of stores. If the production workshop is located in the region, the regional center is perfect. It can be a very small room, with an area of ​​​​20 square meters. You can place several types of products there and work according to the catalog.

Cooperation with furniture supermarkets can be called a very profitable type of sales. For young companies, this option is ideal. Because supermarkets fully ensure the operation of the workshop according to the entire price list provided by the production.

Undoubtedly, in such cooperation there are not only pluses, but also minuses. The main disadvantage is the clause in the agreement on exclusive rights to representation in those regions where supermarkets are located. That is, you will not be able to sell your products in parallel with them. The second minus is the price. All networks try to negotiate the lowest prices from the supplier and, by the way, they are not bad at it.
In principle, if you cooperate with them on the rights of exclusive sales, then this is not scary. They will not compete with you in terms of territory. And in the price you can enter any price that you agree on. A significant disadvantage of cooperation with networks is the payment by installments. This is a prerequisite for cooperation. If it is unacceptable for you, refuse and do not offer yourself as a supplier at all. Installments in different networks sometimes reach up to six months. But mostly three months.
Despite the disadvantages in working with such networks, they are justified by big pluses. A serious and undeniable positive point is the wide representation in many regions. As a rule, networks are very developed or rapidly developing and open their stores wherever possible.

Another important positive point is advertising through representation. Super- and hypermarket chains release their catalogs of seasonal offers. Catalogs are distributed free of charge. Thousands of potential customers will find out about you. Another plus of cooperation can be considered from the side of logistics. Customer demand will guide your production in the right direction. You will always be aware of new trends and bring new ideas in technology and design solutions.

Dealers.

These are the companies that will sell your products in their regions. This is a great way to promote and cover as wide an area as possible. The process of finding a dealer is similar to general distribution. Be sure to create a beautiful, viewable commercial offer. Describe the benefits, the proposed terms of cooperation and send it to all relevant companies. A sales manager can handle this very well.

The two methods described above are possible only if the status of your enterprise is not lower than LLC. Because the status indicates the seriousness of your intentions. It is rare when dealers agree to cooperate with companies of lower status. In this case, there is no need to talk about networks. They do not even consider such proposals.

Tenders.

No matter what kind of furniture you produce, there will always be customers who are potentially interested in your products. For example, if production operates in a resort area, these are sanatoriums, recreation centers.

If you simultaneously produce a line of children's furniture, these are kindergartens, various kinds of children's institutions that need constant furniture updates. Do not be afraid to declare yourself, participate in tenders. There are sites that specialize in collecting complete information about all ongoing commercial tenders separately for each region. Subscribe to the newsletter of such a site, connect industry and regional settings, and you will constantly receive all information related to this issue by e-mail. The information is constantly updated.

You will always be aware of the ongoing events in this area. The distribution is absolutely free.

You can unsubscribe at any time if you don't need it. Of course, it is up to you to make a decision, but you should not refuse such opportunities. Again, the status of an LLC can greatly help you with this. In addition, if you have a need for quality consumables for production, you can place your tender. Terms of participation and placement of tenders in the public domain. Do not miss any opportunity to make your business even more profitable.

Financial plan.

Investments.

It's time to carefully calculate the required investment.
Registration of LLC ______________________________________________ 110$;
Registration of TM in Rospatent ______________________________ 500$;
Rent of premises _______________________________________ 1000 $ / month;
Purchase of equipment ____________________________________ 40,000 $
Consumables __________________________________________ $40,000;
Advertising ________________________________________________ $10,000;
Office equipment ______________________________________________ 1000 $;
Taxes, salary _____________________________________________ 30% of profit;
Total at the start ________________________________________________ $ 100,000.
The total investment in the launch of the production workshop is about $100,000.

Payback.

The payback time of such an enterprise directly depends on the profit that you will receive as a result of the sale of finished products.

Even if we assume that the difference between the cost and the price of finished products is 100%, it will take more than one month and a year to pay back the invested funds. The production of the first batch of furniture, starting from development and ending with the date of receipt of funds from the sale, will take at least three months.
Summing up the monthly expenses and minus them from the profit received, it is clear that in order to pay off only the consumable material, at least two full-fledged sales of all products made from the entire batch of consumables will be needed.

Ideally, when the workshop is fully loaded and the finished product is fully sold, taking into account the installment payment for the products supplied to the buyer, it will take at least 8 months to pay back the consumables. And besides this amount, there is another $60,000 of invested money. If $ 40,000 paid off in 8 months, then the rest in proportion will pay off for another 2 years.

It can be concluded that the full payback of the invested $ 100,000 will occur no earlier than in 2.8 years or 32 months.

production options.
At your disposal are several options for the production of furniture and each of them is worthy of attention.

A very common type of business in the Russian Federation and beyond. This includes the manufacture of dressing rooms, wardrobes, wardrobes (a type that is very popular for its characteristics), children's rooms, hallways, etc.
The equipment that has already been described above is used. Therefore, it is not worth dwelling on this point separately. You can complement this list with an ultra-modern line of serigraphy. The equipment is designed for drawing patterns on PVC film. It is used as decoration in the manufacture of wardrobes, furniture for the kitchen, hallways, cabinets and many others.

Materials - laminated chipboard (laminated chipboard), covered with a decorative protective layer. It is used in the manufacture of furniture facades and cases.
PVC edge is a finishing edge based on polyvinyl chloride. The material has increased wear resistance, has a protective function of the ends of chipboard parts from various kinds of damage. Perfectly blocks the ingress of moisture on open material during operation.

PVC film is a film based on polyvinyl chloride. Are applied to vacuum and membrane pressing on facades. Advantages - heat resistance, withstands household scratching well, retains the original color well (does not fade). There are film materials with antibacterial and antifungal treatment provided.

MDF is a specialized ecological material, made from small dried wood fibers. Treated with binders. It has a finely dispersed structure over the entire cross section and is easy to machine, shape milling and various types of finishes.

The production process is in many ways similar to the manufacture of cabinet furniture. That is, children's furniture is also mostly cabinet. The same equipment and many similar materials are used.
A feature of furniture for children should be the use in the production of natural materials. You can use solid wood, MDF, veneer, chipboard or tambour. Metal, glass or plastic - from these materials you can also often find furniture for children. Without a doubt, the most suitable material for such furniture is solid wood. It is natural, environmentally friendly, durable. The tree is very difficult to process, so products from it are quite expensive, but it allows you to make real masterpieces of designer fantasy.

Children are subject to rapid growth. Therefore, the production of children's furniture is often profitable due to the increased demand for it due to frequent replacement. If you manage to secure even a few customers, this can be a good start for further development of children's furniture lines.

It is also worth adding that materials should be used that are easy to hygienically process the finished product. The reasons are clear - the health of the child is above all!

This is a separate category of furniture. Features of such production are in the widest range of finishing materials and design possibilities. Sofas and sofas, poufs and ottomans. Variety of chairs. In such production, design abilities will be able to manifest themselves in all their diversity.

According to GOST, the definition of "upholstered" furniture includes structural elements with flooring materials with a thickness of at least 20 mm.
base materials - boxes, panels and frames made of wood, plywood and fiberboard. The main element that gives the product softness are the springs. Snake springs, tapes made of rubber and rubber fabrics, tapes twisted from rubber threads in a cotton winding are used.

If it is planned to produce expensive upholstered furniture, then an elastic beam made of wood is used for the frame. If not, then you don’t need to invent a bicycle - materials such as plywood and chipboard are perfect. They are cheaper and easier to process. They are quite durable and there are no complaints about low quality.

To create soft elements, foam or polyurethane foam is used. What exactly to use is up to you. They differ from each other in production technology and density.
The upholstery uses both woven materials (natural and artificial fibers), and leather, leatherette. For the production of inexpensive upholstered furniture, it is not advisable to use leather as upholstery. Use fabric - it's cheaper, more practical and easier to process.

Nothing new can be added to the production moments. The process almost completely duplicates the described item “cabinet furniture”.

The only thing you can pay attention to is the simplicity of the manufacturing process. Easier not where. There are almost no decorative elements. Strict appearance. Classic colors of materials, a high level of convenience and practicality - these are the main criteria for office furniture.

In the manufacture should be used only high-quality materials. Mostly used chipboard, MDF, decorative plastic, glass and some others. But the use of metal is unacceptable. In conditions of high humidity, it will quickly begin to rust, despite any processing and preparation. The use of wood is also not desirable - it practically does not tolerate constant temperature fluctuations and high humidity in the room.

Under such conditions, wooden furniture quickly delaminates and warps. MDF and chipboard use special coatings that guarantee long-term operation. With the help of MDF, you can make furniture of almost any shape. This can even be called an advantage, because such furniture, in comparison with office furniture, is more suitable for design performances and experiments.

Another material that is used daily in the manufacture of bathroom furniture is plastic. He's not expensive. It is also convenient in reproducing various forms. But its difference from the MFD in a wide range of colors makes it a favorite both in production and in operation.
There are some fashion trends in the design of furniture, especially when it comes to glass products. This is arttoning and sandblasting drawings. All this is done with special equipment. To tint glass elements, a tinted vinyl film is used.

Sandblasting drawings are applied to glass using a stencil. Most often, the stencil material is used oracle. For the application of such decorative elements, sandblasting machines are used. You can apply drawings not only on glass, but also on mirrors and any other glass surface. On the Internet, there are entire catalogs of drawings for sandblasting in the public domain. There are so many of them that you can draw new ideas from there and not be afraid to be unoriginal.

Such furniture, too, for the most part, belongs to the cabinet. But production is easier due to the fact that the needs of a summer residence differ from a full-fledged residential building in their simplicity. We mainly produce various tables, chairs, shelves. Wall compartments, built-in and external, are very popular.

Popular due to their practicality in application. Easily mounted from a niche. At the peak of popularity are models in which you can mount a sleeping bed. For a day, it folds up, becomes almost invisible and frees up a lot of space for household chores. And there are quite a few such examples. In principle, such a business will always be relevant, but its seasonality may alert.

Manufacture of custom-made furniture.

As an additional service and increasing the interest of a potential client, the company needs such a service as the manufacture of furniture according to the size of the customer. A very relevant service for the simple reason that residential and commercial construction has long gone from the standards of layout, size and shape of premises. If you want more interest from customers, be sure to include this service in the general offer register.

Business development prospects.

In the future, when you fully recoup your investment, you can think about expanding the business. What could it be? For example, you can set up the production of consumables and furniture fittings (hinges, screws, self-tapping screws, nails, handles, films, laminate, and everything that production cannot do without. Of course, these are additional investments, but they will greatly reduce the cost of furniture. And this will directly proportionally increase the income and profit of the enterprise.

We wish you success and prosperity in this complex but creative business!