Do-it-yourself foundation for a change house from blocks: features and sequence of work. Do-it-yourself foundation for a change house: types and laying techniques How to make a foundation for a change house 4 tons

The foundation for a change house: how to choose and fill the foundation when building a house. Any good builder knows what is the basis of a good house and the future fate of your house depends on how high quality and sustainable it will be. The choice of foundation is a very important step in the construction, so you need to approach it with all responsibility, observing all the conditions.

In this article we will talk about how to choose the right foundation for pouring.

Few people, with the exception of professional builders, understand the variety of foundations, different types are designed for different landscapes and climatic features.

So let's talk about the types of foundations:

The best foundation

Despite the huge selection and range of foundation types, the leading one is the foundation on concrete blocks, which is guaranteed to serve you for a long time. However, in order for such a foundation to stand for as long as possible, it is necessary to choose high-quality concrete for pouring, which will not crack from the scorching heat and will not get wet due to rain.

How to make your own foundation

If you decide to take such a step as building a house, of course, you need to start with the foundation. You can purchase posts for change houses, which will guarantee you quality for a long time, however, you can do everything yourself, the main thing is to follow all the instructions so that everything goes smoothly and without consequences for the future home.

The foundation installation process is usually divided into three stages.: preparation of the base, leveling the surface, direct installation of the foundation.

And so, in order to establish the foundation, you must:

Foundation on piles - the most durable foundation

I would like to talk separately about this type of foundation, like a foundation on piles. This type, perhaps, is the Saami reliable, since metal piles are screwed deep into the ground, providing complete immobility and security. This type of foundation is used in the cold regions of our country, where the temperature reaches very low levels.

The pile installation mechanism is as follows:

• First, piles are selected that satisfy all the preferences of the customer.
• Then prepare the site
• After that, the piles are screwed or driven into the ground.

Piles are the most durable foundation for, because. located deep in the ground, providing complete immobility. This method is also used because of the frost resistance of this installation, so often people living in the north choose just such an installation mechanism.

Do it yourself or hire a construction team?

Most amateur builders want to do everything themselves when building a house, including the foundation.

However, before pouring concrete for the foundation, think carefully about whether you can start and finish the job on your own, without additional help. If you are not confident in your abilities and capabilities, it will be easier to turn to specialists who know a lot about this matter. Let it be a little more expensive, but for your money you will get quality work and reliable support for your future home.

The presence of a support base raised above ground level will ensure effective ventilation of the lower part of the change house structure and prevent the formation of metal corrosion and rotting of wooden elements. In addition, the structure will be stable during operation without subsidence and distortions that can violate the integrity of the structure.

Unlike heavy capital buildings, the foundation for a change house has a number of design features associated with the low weight of the module and the conditions of temporary operation. The construction of a heavy capital foundation for a change house is not advisable, and in most cases, simplified light supports from foundation blocks, laid stone pillars, on piles and even from automobile tires are used for its installation.

The foundation for a change house should be strong enough, inexpensive and simple in design. Its device should not require the involvement of special construction equipment and can be done by hand.

Installation on concrete blocks

The use of blocks for the foundation of a change house is one of the simplest and fastest construction options. However, the installation of block supports makes sense if you have used materials or can buy inexpensively. Purchasing new concrete foundation blocks may not be feasible due to their high cost.

The block foundation is erected on dense stable soils. To do this, the site must be cleared of existing vegetation and the top layer of soil removed to a depth of 20-25 cm in the places where the blocks will be installed. The bottom of the excavated trenches is sprinkled with sand, crushed stone or gravel and after that it is well compacted with a rammer. The height of the backfill layer should ensure the same height of the blocks above the ground in the horizon.

Block installation scheme

The block base can have a tape, transverse or columnar structure. In the first case, the blocks are laid along the perimeter of the change house or along the longitudinal support beams. The transverse arrangement provides for the installation of blocks perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the module, and the columnar arrangement with gaps between the supports of 1.5-2.0 meters. For the construction of columnar supports, in addition to concrete, you can use solid brick, rubble stone and other materials with low porosity. Between the support column and the longitudinal beam of the change house, it is necessary to lay a layer of waterproofing.

The most important thing is to set the tires strictly vertically and to one horizontal height to evenly distribute the weight of the change house. Backfilling is performed with non-metallic materials.

Advantages	Flaws
Accessible	Hard ground required
Fast	Not aesthetically pleasing
Dismantling possible

Foundation on piles

Scheme of the device of a shallow strip foundation

If you need to install a change house for the long term, it is advisable to make a capital foundation. Enough C0 cm deepening in the ground to ensure the necessary stability of the structure. Concrete grade m300-400 is suitable, the process itself is no different from the device of a shallow foundation for any other building.

• A trench is being prepared with a depth of 30-35 cm, coals can be made deeper - 40-60 cm to exceed the level of freezing in the soil in your area. The width will be enough within 30-40 cm.
• Reinforcing is installed in the frame, 2-4 beams around the entire perimeter. It is important to use a wire connection of rods here.
• Formwork is installed, if necessary, in such a way as to level the horizon. If you do not use this method, the level can be displayed with several rows of bricks.
• A sand cushion is poured at the bottom of the trench, which will serve as a buffer between the soil and concrete. The concrete is being poured.

On such a foundation, any heavy structure, including a block container, will stand for a long time.

Foundation - an underground or above-ground part of a building structure that transmits and evenly distributes the pressure of the structure on the ground.

The constructive solution of the foundation, shape, width, depth of occurrence depend not only on the load and features of the building located on it.

A typical solution is determined on the basis of calculations for averaged soils, but is refined depending on local hydrological conditions. The nature of the soil, the level of groundwater, the depth of freezing in a particular region are taken into account.

According to the established norms, building structures must have a foundation. It is responsible for the stability of the structure, additionally protecting it from the effects of negative natural factors.

Structures that require a foundation also include free-standing stationary premises, trailers, and household blocks.

What type of foundation is better to choose

You can correctly choose the type of foundation structure, knowing the exact weight of the domestic premises and the characteristics of the ground cover.

The main types of foundations are:

• columnar;
• Block;
• Tape;
• Pile.

On clay and sandy soils, based on the small mass of the change house, it is possible to arrange a block, columnar or shallowly buried strip foundation. Peaty soil or installation on a site with a large slope allows only a pile version.

In economic terms, in terms of labor costs, the block device and is considered the most profitable. The tape version is reliable, but there are increased requirements for its creation. The block and strip base is optimally suited for a flat area with a standard type of soil.

Block foundation

The shallowly buried and not buried block base of the change house is then installed on the leveling bedding. A necessary condition is that the bedding must consist of a non-heaving material that will not transfer the load from the heaving forces at the time of soil freezing.

It is allowed to use gravel sand, crushed stone of any size as a backfill.

The blocks are laid in a checkerboard pattern with the obligatory overlapping of the seams of the previous row. The strength of the structure is achieved by connecting the individual elements with cement mortar. The thickness of the walls depends on the thickness of the blocks used, but cannot be less than 300 mm.

Tape base

The device of the strip foundation implies the creation of a cavity, which is reinforced and poured with concrete not lower than the M350 grade. The required cavity may be a trench dug in the ground at least 300 mm wide and deep - to the level of freezing.

The bedding of non-puffing material is evenly distributed along the bottom. Then a film is laid to prevent shedding of the earth.

The next stage is the reinforcement of the trench with reinforcing cages, with mandatory additional reinforcement at the corner joints. If the foundation must protrude above ground level, its above-ground part should be equipped with formwork.

The small weight of the change house allows you to make a tape version without deepening into the ground. It is enough to assemble the formwork on a leveling, non-swelling bedding, make reinforcement and pour it with concrete.

columnar variant

A foundation made of free-standing pillars is considered to be prefabricated, economical, minimal in terms of labor costs. They are located at a distance of no more than two meters along the perimeter of the change house with the obligatory installation at the corners of the change house.

Reinforced concrete lintels or metal channels can be laid on the pillars, creating additional rigidity, fastening the entire structure.

Pillars can be:

• block;
• Buto-concrete;
• Concrete.

Block and brick bases are assembled according to the rules of brickwork with overlapping seams and changing the direction of each subsequent layer. Rigidity is achieved by laying connections with reinforcing mesh. In the case of a large height of the pillars, a vertical pin of reinforcement with a diameter of at least 12 mm is inserted into the central seam.

The upper part of the support platform should be protected with a metal plate that protects the prefabricated elements from narrowly directed pressure.

Monolithic concrete option involves the installation of formwork for each individual support point. A concrete pillar, as well as a strip base, is allowed to be arranged below ground level.

It is important not to forget the obligatory condition - pouring the base under the concrete pouring with non-puffy material. A rubble concrete pillar differs from a concrete one only in the presence of a filler made of stones, crushed stone, and brick battle.

How to put the trailer on the foundation

The plan for installing a utility room on a foundation consists of several successive stages:

• Choosing a suitable site;
• Ground planning;
• The device of the selected type of foundation;
• Delivery of a change house;
• Foundation installation.

It is important to remember that the reference points of the finished columnar, as well as the upper plane of the tape and block, must be on the same level.

Watch a helpful video:

Between the lower part of the trailer at the points of contact with the foundation, it is necessary to arrange horizontal insulation.

A country change house is the best solution if the site is used for growing various plants. It allows you to completely abandon the construction of a house on the site, and at the same time contributes to efficient and productive work.

The biggest advantage of a change house in the country is that this structure does not require a foundation under it. At the same time, it is recommended to put the change house in the country not just on the ground, but on something else, which will avoid premature damage to the base of the change house. About what to put a change house in the country and will be discussed in this article.

Considering the question of whether, you should know that if during the operation of the change house it will need to be rearranged from one place to another, then it is recommended to use in this case exclusively wheeled change houses.

In all other cases, you can permanently install a change house, using for this:

• Sleepers. In rare cases, they put change houses on rails, logs and bars;
• On concrete blocks and specially laid piles of stone;

However, before you put the change house in the country, using anything for these purposes, it is very important to choose the right place for installing the change house.

How to choose a place in the country for a change house?

When choosing a place in the country for the installation of a change house, you should be aware that there are some standards. So the change house installed in the country should be located at least 5 meters from the country fence from the side of the street, and at least three meters from the neighboring fence.

All other nuances of choosing a place for installing a change house in the country, as a rule, depend on the personal preferences of the owner of the cottage. Well, now back to the question of what is better to put a change house in the country.

The above methods of installing a change house in the country are great for stationary structures that are not planned to be moved anywhere during operation.

If we consider the installation of a change house on sleepers, then the presence of a flat surface for the installation of a change house, therefore, is simply necessary. The ideal option is a poured concrete platform for the installation of a change house in the country and only then laying the sleepers under it.

In this option, both the sleepers for the installation of the change house and the base of the structure itself will not be subjected to destructive processes from moisture, which will positively affect the durability of the change house.

As for the installation of change houses on blocks, here the presence of a flat ground surface is not required. However, this process of installing a change house is the most expensive, since you will either have to use the services of special equipment to lift and transport the blocks, or manually pour them out of concrete.

Be that as it may, but to the question of whether what to put a change house in the country follows, approaches reasonably and prudently. It is better to choose several acceptable options for installing a change house in the country, and only then dwell on one particular method of installing a change house.

The fastest way to build a foundation today is to use blocks. Although this method has some drawbacks, it acts as a more profitable solution in terms of saving time. Any builder will tell you that it is much more convenient to pour a flat foundation surface and work with it in the future, but the concrete must reach the desired condition before you start building the building itself. As for the block foundation, it can be built in a short time, you can start work in the fall or spring, and such a foundation is suitable even for a change house.

Territory marking

Before you make a foundation for a change house, you must mark the area. To do this, you need to mark the boundaries of the building. It is better to do this with a rope, metal pegs and a building meter. When marking, it is important to consider that the width of the foundation should be greater than the width of the wall.

Excavation

Once the marking work is completed, you can begin to prepare the ground. If you plan to build a columnar foundation from blocks, then along the perimeter of the marking and inside it, it is necessary to prepare holes, the depth of which will be approximately 1.5 m. If we are talking about a strip foundation, then it will be necessary to remove the topsoil and dig a trench, which will turn out several centimeters wider than blocks.

When building a foundation for a change house, you must remember that the depth of the trench will depend on the type of soil. If you have to work in sandstones, where the depth of the aquifer exceeds 2 m, then it will be enough to go deeper by 40 cm, in all other cases this parameter should be increased.

Work technology

The above stages are preparatory in nature, while the next step will be the main construction, which must be taken with responsibility. When building a foundation for a change house from blocks, you must connect the elements together with cement mortar, which is closed before laying.

Do not dilute the solution with water during operation, as this may reduce contact. Blocks should be placed one above the other, using the principle of brickwork. In this case, deviations within 15 mm per 10 m are permissible. All seams and joints are filled with mortar to eliminate gaps.

Features of the construction of a columnar foundation

If you decide to build a foundation for a change house from blocks with your own hands, then the work may be based on the technology of building a columnar base. In this case, the design will look like this: the supporting pedestals are dug deep into the ground and are located along the perimeter of the marking and inside it. You can use this type of foundation for light buildings, this should include not only change houses, but also:

• wooden baths;
• country houses;
• garages.

The construction of such a foundation for a change house is carried out in just one day. Along the perimeter of the building, it is necessary to install cabinets in the prepared pits, the height of which will be approximately 40 cm. Their number depends on the weight and size of the change house. However, before starting the installation of the pillars, it is necessary to prepare the pits. Their bottom is compacted with a special tool or a long stick. Next, crushed stone is poured, this layer should have a thickness in the range of 10 to 12 cm. The next layer will be sand, the thickness of such preparation can be equal to the limit of 5 to 7 cm.

Work methodology

The surface is leveled, only after you can proceed with the installation of the first row. The elements are fastened together with cement mortar. When erecting a block foundation for a change house, you must remember that the supports must be leveled. If even the slightest inaccuracy is allowed, then this can lead to distortions, which will be quite problematic to correct. Therefore, when erecting a columnar foundation, it is necessary to monitor the level by first stretching the ropes between the supports.

The construction of the strip foundation

The strip foundation of the blocks will be more durable. It is a tape that will be located under the supporting elements. Blocks made of expanded clay concrete are better than others for work, as they are lighter than concrete ones. In addition, installing such products is quite easy. Their weight is only 30 kg.

The construction of the strip foundation is carried out according to the scheme described above, however, a filter pad made of crushed stone and sand is placed in a trench. For the bottom row, pillow blocks should be used, and it is necessary to start laying them from the corners and those places where the walls will intersect. After installing the corner blocks, it is necessary to check the correctness of their location using the building level, only after that you can proceed to laying, focusing on the rope stretched between the first blocks.

After completing the installation of the bottom row, a waterproofing layer should be laid, which will prevent the penetration of moisture into the material. If you are thinking about the question of how to make a foundation for a change house with your own hands, then it is important to remember that with the help of metal pins it is necessary to mark the places for the lighthouse wall elements of the second row. The bottom row is covered with cement mortar, only after that you can proceed to the installation of blocks from the next row.

The basis for a change house from tires

As an alternative solution, a tire foundation can be used. At the first stage, the construction site is cleared of stones and debris, after which a foundation pit is dug out on it, while taking into account the trench indent of 20 cm on each side. It is better to go deeper by 30 cm, however, the final value will depend on the source material for pouring.

If you are thinking about the question of how to make a foundation for a change house from tires, then it is important to follow the technology. At the next stage, it involves leveling and compacting the bottom of the trench. Next, you need to prepare the tires, laying one at a time at the bottom of the pit. They should be located end-to-end, parallel to the ground plane. The space inside the tires is filled with broken bricks, sand, earth and rubble. The space between the tires is filled according to the same principle. The embankment layer must be positioned so that the tires are completely covered.

Equipping the foundation for a change house from tires, you must prepare the basis for pouring. First of all, sheets of roofing material are laid, which will act as waterproofing. Then you can proceed to For this, a board and a bar are used. The formwork must be laid out in such a way as to obtain a monolithic concrete slab acting as the top of the foundation.

The design is additionally reinforced, for this metal, channel or mesh is used. Filling is carried out with an ordinary solution, to which a plasticizer should be added. This will prevent the formation of cracks and chips. The poured solution is covered with a rag, which should be soaked in ammonia, this will save time for drying. Such a foundation for a change house is left for a week to gain strength and reliability. Then the formwork can be disassembled. It is important when pouring to observe the horizontal surface of the future plate. To check this parameter, you should use the building level.

Conclusion

The foundation acts as the foundation of any structure. To build it from new building materials is not a cheap pleasure, so home craftsmen eventually began to look for budget solutions. The foundation for a change house can be built from tires. This approach is cost effective and easy to implement. A feature of this design is that the installation process does not imply that the master has special skills and experience.

This technology is suitable not only for change houses, but also for baths, gazebos, garages, sheds, and chicken coops. At the same time, two problems can be solved at once: to build a solid and inexpensive foundation, as well as to dispose of used tires.

Currently, most summer residents use change houses to ensure a comfortable existence in the garden. The structures serve as a warehouse for garden tools, a place to relax or are used as a workshop. Any communications can be connected to them, which allows the building to be a full-fledged country house.

But unlike a capital structure, they can easily be moved from place to place, which puts household structures in the status of movable property. So is it necessary to register a change house installed in a summer cottage, or is it not subject to registration?

Do I need to register a change house

Since the change house is a structure that can be used as a full-fledged house or an adjoining extension, a reasonable question arises about its registration. But at the same time, the structure is considered mobile, and can move to another site without compromising integrity.

According to the requirements for state registration, immovable objects include buildings with signs of capital construction, the movement of which is impossible without causing damage to the integrity of the building. The change house, on the contrary, is easily transported to any suburban area. Hence the conclusion - the change house is not subject to registration.

Do I need to register a change house on the site

On the plots of household plots, change houses are used quite often and serve for the rest of the attendants, are used as canteens and are used to equip sanitary blocks. In this case, the structures are considered temporary housing, so they do not need to be registered. But on a suburban area under individual housing construction, at the request of the owner, you can register a change house as a permanent building.

To do this, it is necessary to fulfill a number of requirements for residential premises, namely, to provide the building with all engineering systems, including heating and ventilation. There is another way to turn a change house into a capital building - to make a small foundation and overlay the structure with bricks or blocks. Further, having collected the necessary documents, you need to contact the Committee of Architecture and Urban Planning to enter the structure in the register of housing stock.

The change house is the simplest non-capital structure designed to solve problems not related to more or less long-term living. In particular, it can store inventory and tools, workwear, use it as a locker room, and the like.

A change house is an ideal option for giving, which is used not for outdoor recreation, but as a real garden plot. Under such conditions, it is useless to build a full-fledged house, but some kind of room is still necessary. However, a change house can be installed even if the house already exists. As we have already said, completely different functions are assigned to it.

Change houses for summer cottages can have various design solutions. It can be a ready-made trailer, or it can be a simple wooden structure. In any case, its main distinguishing features from other structures:

• Lack of a complete foundation;
• General simplicity of construction (one floor, use of light materials, no interior layout);
• Possibility of carrying, without loss of properties.

The simplest version of the change house, of course, is a ready-made trailer. Theoretically, it can be installed directly on the ground (after leveling the site). But in practice, we would not recommend doing this - the bottom will wear out quickly due to corrosion and decay.

An option that is often practiced by beekeepers is the installation of a change house on a wheeled platform. However, if you do not plan to change the location of the change house every year, this approach will not work for you either.

Thus, we are approaching one of the most optimal installation methods, which is suitable for both trailers and built change houses. It consists in installing a change house on a highly simplified version of a columnar foundation.

In its simplest form, it may look like several blocks (bricks) supporting the corners of the change house, slightly lifting it above the ground. In principle, this will be enough to exclude contact with the ground and accelerated wear of the bottom (floor) of the change house.

If you want to get something more solid, you have to work a little:

• Site leveling. At this stage, we level the site for the change house, clean it from vegetation and other debris. Ideally, it would be nice to remove a layer of turf and make a sand cushion, but this is already for a completely reliable foundation.
• A layer of waterproofing material is laid on the site (a thick polyethylene film is perfect) so that it goes beyond the boundaries of the future change house.
• The insulating material is sprinkled with sand, which is compacted. If you are already tired, then you can put a light change house right now.
• If you are not tired, then install concrete blocks around the perimeter of the change house site. You can also put a couple in the middle.
• It is advisable to cover the upper end of the blocks with a dense insulating material, such as roofing material.
• A change house can be installed on the resulting structure - it will be reliably protected from moisture.
• If we are talking about building a change house for a summer residence, then a little more blocks will be needed to ensure better stability. The main thing in this case is to make the floors correctly, but this is a separate issue.

The change house is perfect for temporary residence during the construction of a full-fledged house. But even after the completion of the main construction work, the change house will not be left out of work. It can be equipped as a budget country house, a place to store various equipment, work clothes, bicycles and other household items.

Ready-made change houses are relatively inexpensive. But why spend money if you can build such a structure on your own, buying only the necessary materials and tools? We offer you instructions for arranging a change house made of wood, a finished trailer and a metal profile. Choose the option you like and get to work.

The change house is a secondary utility room, but you should not take the process of its construction and arrangement too lightly.

Choose the size of the building and its layout at your discretion. As a rule, industrial production structures intended for living have a length of about 5-6 m, a height of about 2.5 m and a similar width. For the rest, in relation to the dimensions of the house and its layout, be guided by your needs and preferences.

Choosing a place to build a change house

When choosing a place for our house, we take into account a couple of important points.

First, we think whether we will transport the structure somewhere in the future. For example, you are going to build a light house for a couple of seasons, and then move it to another place. If moving is included in your plans, it is best to place a change house as close as possible to the exit from the site.

Secondly, we determine the purpose of the premises. If the change house will be used only as a shed for storing various tools and other household items, it is best to install it approximately in the center of the long side of the main house so that it can be easily reached from either side of the site.

Helpful advice! If you do not rule out that in the future the change house will be converted into a house, build it in a remote secluded corner of the site, keeping in mind the fire safety rules.

Making the foundation

We will have the same for all three cabins. The only exception is a ready-made trailer on wheels - you don’t need to build a foundation for it.

We make the base as follows:

• get rid of the top fertile soil layer;
• we tamp the bottom and walls of the resulting pit;
• we cover the pit with geotextiles;
• pour a layer of sand over the geotextile and carefully tamp it down;
• symmetrically arrange the cinder blocks on the resulting pillow;
• wrap each support with a layer of roofing material.

Important! If you plan to attach a small porch to the change house, consider installing supports for it at the same stage.

Building a wooden house

Let's start building the frame of our change house. First, we lay a wooden beam around the perimeter of the future structure, as well as in its center to further strengthen the structure.

We connect the opposite sides of the beam. To do this, we fasten the logs with the beam of the lower harness. You can connect in any suitable way. Joints using the tenon-groove method, using metal corners and anchors, have proven themselves well. We preliminarily made selections for connecting the elements and additionally strengthened the fastening points with nails.

We mount vertical corner and intermediate racks. We install intermediate supports with a meter step. To do this, we use a bar with a section of 15x15 mm. Don't forget to leave a hole for the door. For a reliable connection of the frame elements, we use metal corners and self-tapping screws. At the same stage, we install support pillars for the future porch, if its presence is provided for by the design of the change house.

Important! The height of the vertical supports on the back and front sides of the change house should differ by about 50 cm. This difference will provide an optimal roof slope and precipitation will not linger on it.

We mount the top harness. The support posts of our change house have different heights, so we work as follows: first we lay the beam along the tops of the higher supports, then we connect the low posts and set the side crossbars perpendicular to them. Connections are made according to the already familiar method with samples and nails.

Laying floor beams

As a result, our frame will be divided into a number of rectangular sections. To strengthen the structure, we connect the opposite lower and upper corners of each such section with jibs from boards.

We fix the rafter beams to the upper roof lathing. We use the most even boards so that in the future it will be easier to make the crate. We mount the rafters with a step of about 500-600 mm. We pay special attention to the strength of the joints on the roof beams.

We construct it so that it protrudes slightly beyond the boundaries of the frame. This will allow us to equip a base for drainage on the back of the change house, and mount a visor on the front part.

We choose the material for the finishing coating of the roof at our discretion. For example, it's good. We lay it with an overlap, starting from the bottom of the slope. Before laying ondulin, lay out a continuous crate of boards and attach a waterproofing film over them. Instead of ondulin, you can use slate or other material of your choice.

Change house from a construction trailer

Don't feel like messing around with frame assembly and other related activities? You can buy a ready-made trailer and equip it for a change house. Such trailers do not even need their own foundation - you just need to carefully level the site and install a container (cart).

If you are equipping a used trailer for a change house, carefully examine its condition. Clean off traces of rust, replace severely damaged skin elements with similar ones, weld patches on through holes, cover the metal with a special primer and paint.

The installed structure must be insulated. The rest of the arrangement is at the discretion of the owner. These points will be discussed separately below.

You can also buy a trailer on wheels. The option is mobile and very convenient to use. After completing all the arrangements for the arrangement of such a trailer, it is installed on the frame from the trailer.

We build a change house from a metal profile

Building a frame from a metal profile will require more effort compared to building a wooden counterpart. But the iron change house will last much longer.

The set of necessary tools includes:

• hammer;
• apparatus for welding;
• drill;
• screwdrivers;
• corner;
• grinder;
• brushes;
• construction stapler;
• roulette;
• hacksaw.

We also buy the following items:

• profiled pipe with dimensions of 2x2 cm, 4x2 cm, 4x4 cm and 4x6 cm;
• mounting rail 2x4 cm;
• sheet galvanized steel;
• corrugated board;
• primer for metal;
• self-tapping screws for fixing corrugated board;
• self-tapping screws for metal;
• staples for a construction stapler;
• rivets;
• OSB boards;
• mounting foam.

Making the foundation

We will assemble the base of the frame from a pipe measuring 4x6 cm. We cut the pipes in accordance with the dimensions of the building being erected.

We weld pipes according to external dimensions and get a rectangular edging. In total, we need to make 2 such identical rectangles. From one we will make the floor, from the other the upper part of the change house.

To make the floor reliable, we create a grid of the same profiled pipes inside the rectangle. We make a change house with a width of 250 cm. With such dimensions, it is enough to weld 2-3 longitudinal pipes inside the edging for the entire length. We weld transverse pipes every 50 cm.

Next, we take a galvanized sheet and fix it with self-tapping screws to the base of our change house. We turn the base over and lay it with a galvanized sheet down on cinder block supports or just a leveled area. The structure may not be attached to the cinder block - the change house will be sufficiently held by its own weight.

We mount racks

Rack installation

Rack installation

We make vertical supports from a 4x4 cm pipe. We cut it into pieces in accordance with the planned height of the change house. Usually it is 250 cm.

We expose the first supports at the corners of the base constructed at the previous stage. We check that the angle at the junction of the racks with the base is strictly straight.

We fix the aligned rack by welding. Similarly, we expose the racks in the remaining corners.

Additionally, we will need to install intermediate racks. To do this without disturbing the geometry of the structure, we take the second rectangular tube base made in the previous step and lay it on top of the corner posts.

We scald the resulting “cube” with intermediate racks and struts. First, we take pieces of a professional pipe 4x4 cm along the height of the structure and weld them vertically between the lower and upper bases. The recommended installation step is 100 cm. At the same stage, we provide an opening for the door.

We weld a horizontal cross member in a circle of the supporting structure. The pipe must be welded to the vertical posts at a height equal to half the height of the change house.

We make spacers from a 2x4 cm profiled pipe. Cut it into 30 cm pieces. We cut each edge of the workpiece at a 45-degree angle. We scald all the corners of the structure with the resulting spacers. Additionally, we can scald the floor with them.

We make a roof

We made the bottom part of the frame and the wall. Next, we are engaged in the manufacture of the "skeleton" of the roof.

Farms are made in the form of isosceles triangles. We use a 2x4 cm pipe. The recommended truss installation step is 1 m. We weld them along the length of the frame. We cover the roof with a profiled sheet. If you wish, you can use another material of your choice.

We cover all metal elements of the frame with a special primer, and after it dries, we apply the paint of the desired color.

Arrangement of a change house

We mount windows and doors (it is better to purchase them ready-made). It is desirable that the windows have a hinged design and there are at least two of them - you do not have to waste time installing additional ventilation. Let's move on to the furnishing of our house.

Making the floor

First, we build a rough floor from processed boards. We lay them out as tightly as possible to each other and attach them to the frame with self-tapping screws.

Spread over the boards. We fasten it to the lags using a construction stapler with staples.

We nail additional logs to the base for laying thermal insulation and fastening the second layer of boards. We fasten the logs in increments equal to the width of the selected heat-insulating material. Mineral wool is well suited for floor insulation - a relatively inexpensive and time-tested heat-insulating material.

We lay the insulation in the space between the lags. From above we fix a layer of vapor barrier material. A stapler with staples will again help us with this.

Laying floor boards. We fasten them to the lags with self-tapping screws. At the end, we cover the floor with varnish or paint.

We carry out external cladding

The trailer can be left without sheathing, but the construction of wood or metal will require mandatory external finishing. Let's not just leave the bare frame, shall we?

We cover the frame with a waterproofing film. We carefully glue the joints of the waterproofing strips with adhesive tape. Many different materials are suitable for exterior wall cladding:

• wooden boards;
• composite panels;
• siding, etc.

Choose at your discretion. Change houses sheathed with a block house also look very beautiful.

Sheathing of a metal change house with a professional sheet

Important! The section of the frame reserved for the porch is not sheathed.

Interior decoration

We put it in the space between the racks of the frame. We cover it with a layer of vapor barrier material. We attach the vapor barrier to the frame in a suitable way.

On top of the frame we fill the transverse rails to fix the insulation. We attach the selected material of the inner lining to the same rails. Most often, lining is used for interior decoration. Otherwise, focus on your preferences and available budget.

Electricity

We will not pull full-fledged wiring into the change house. Such buildings are not capital and do not need such equipment. But how in this case to organize at least lighting and heating? A good extension cord with a cord of suitable length will help us with this. We turn it on to the nearest available source of electricity and pull it into the change house.

In a change house, we can include a tee in such an extension cord for greater convenience and the ability to use several electrical appliances at once.

Lighting

We arrange at our discretion. In general, a few simple lamps installed in the main functional areas will suffice for a change house.

Water supply

For maximum convenience of operation of the change house, we carry water into it. We will not make capital expensive water supply. It is enough to connect a flexible hose to a water supply source, insert it into the change house through a previously prepared hole in the wall and equip it with a tap to shut off the water.

We can install a compact one next to the hose attachment point. Special bulk models are available on the market. It is enough to remove the top cover from such a tank, fill the container with water from a hose, plug the heating unit into a socket, and after a short time use warm water at your discretion. If desired, a hose with a shower head can be easily connected to such a water heater.

A compact sink will not be superfluous in a change house. We fix it to the wall in a convenient place. We connect a corrugation to the drain of the sink to divert water. We bring the corrugation through a pre-arranged hole in the floor and connect it to the sewer pipe. Through the sewer pipe, water will go into a drain pit or other place intended for this.

Heating

We do electric heating. Budget option - a couple. More expensive and efficient - oil heater or convector. We select the power of the heating unit in accordance with the area of ​​​​our change house.

In conclusion, we will only have to furnish the room. At this point, we focus entirely on our preferences and needs.

Successful work!

Considered a temporary structure. Often used on construction sites or summer cottages, as a convenient and inexpensive place to live or store things. Despite its simplicity of design, a well-thought-out and established framework is needed.

Types of foundation for change houses

Before proceeding with the main work, you should decide on the types of soil on the site. It is necessary to find out the depth of groundwater and possible elevation differences in order to avoid subsidence of the soil in the future and, as a result, the skew of the structure.

How to do the foundation for the change house depends on the method of its manufacture. There are the following popular types of bases:

• columnar - depending on the weight of the building, cement pedestals, tires or solid blocks are installed around the perimeter of the future structure;
• driven piles - a quick way to establish a foundation for a change house, they are reinforced concrete piles, they have a good bearing capacity;
• tape - is a reinforced concrete strip installed around the entire perimeter of the building; the method requires an expenditure of effort and time;
• screw piles - such a support is suitable for low-rise construction, the piles are screwed into the ground to a depth of 1.5, which ensures the stability of a building of any mass.

The type of foundation largely depends on the duration of use. If you do not plan to transport, and decide to leave it in a permanent place, you need to build a tape or columnar type of base. It is better to install a mobile structure on concrete blocks or tires with cement. Thus, the trailer can be easily dismantled and transported to another location.

Construction of a column foundation

For summer cottages, they are chosen mainly because of the simplicity and speed of installation. Therefore, the fastest and cheapest method, namely the columnar system, is also better suited as a basis. The pillars located along the perimeter of the building evenly distribute the weight of the structure, and if necessary, they can be easily dug out or remade.

Process features:

• before starting the main work, draw up a project, indicate the location of the pillars, the distance between them, height and other parameters; it is also recommended to sketch out an estimate of expenses, so information on expenses will always be at hand;
• clean the selected area from debris and plants, remove the top layer of soil by 30 cm;
• take measurements on the ground, mark the places of digging in with pegs, stretch a rope between them to make sure that the angles are calculated correctly;
• in the places of future columns, pour a pillow of sand and gravel 15 cm high, pour it thoroughly with water and tamp tightly;
• ready-made concrete blocks are dug into the prepared pits, it is also possible to install a monolithic foundation: install the formwork from wooden boards, dig in the reinforcement, fill it with cement, leave for 2-3 days until it hardens;
• be sure to carry out waterproofing, wrap the pillars on all sides with roofing material;
• on top of the pillars with roofing material, lay the support bars, cover with a solution that prevents decay.

It is easy to make a columnar foundation for a change house even without experience in such work. The technology is simple, requires a minimum of investment and effort. Of course, if you plan to leave the trailer for a long time, it is better to strengthen the base with cement or reinforcement for reliability.