Attached to 1 2 houses. We make a frame extension to a wooden house. Extension of a veranda or terrace

If the owner of a personal plot has decided that he needs an extension to a brick house, the first thing to do is to decide on the purpose of this structure. If it will be used for recreation, it can be built in the format of a gazebo or terrace. If necessary, the veranda can be insulated and turned into a closed terrace, which will serve as a vestibule between the land and the entrance to the house. This will prevent cold air from entering the living space. For those who live in the house in the autumn-winter period, an insulated extension will be an ideal option.

The extension can serve as a porch, terrace, as well as a kind of vestibule to a brick house.

Before proceeding with construction, an extension to the house must be designed and approved by the appropriate organization. Most often, the veranda is built from the side of the front door. If it is not combined with the entrance to the house, then it will have to be entered from the street. The dimensions of the structure are selected depending on the number of people living in the house. For a small family, an area of 12 sq.m. is enough. When designing, it is necessary to take into account the general style of the house and the site. Before you make an extension to a brick house, you need to complete some formalities. After the design is thought out, you should contact the building design department. Here you can order a finished project, with which you will go to the city architectural bureau to obtain permission to redevelop the house. Consider in detail how to make an extension to the house with your own hands.

The first step is to mark the territory and start building the foundation.

It is quite possible to make an extension to a brick house with your own hands correctly. You need to start with the marking of the territory. To do this, remove the fertile layer of soil, which will later be used to form flower beds and flower beds. The area is leveled and marked.

The boundaries of the extension are marked according to the project. At the corners of the veranda under construction, pegs are driven in with a nylon cord stretched between them. Any building requires a solid foundation, for which you can choose a columnar or strip foundation. The foundation for the extension is not recommended to be combined with the base of the house, since these structures have different degrees of shrinkage.

A distance of 4-5 cm must be left between the base of the house and the extension. When building the base, the planned mass of the structure and the characteristics of the soil should be taken into account. During construction on heaving soils, a shift in the foundation is possible, which leads to the separation of the veranda from the walls of the house. Lightweight foundations cannot withstand the weight of brick walls, so it is not recommended to build a brick extension based on them. It is best to choose a strip foundation for an extension.

Before pouring concrete for the foundation, they dig a trench, the dimensions of which depend on the parameters of the veranda under construction. A wooden formwork of the appropriate design is laid in the pit, which is made from boards knocked together. Concrete is prepared from 3 parts of sand, 1 part of cement, 6 parts of crushed stone. The foundation for the extension is poured in layers, the first of the layers is reinforced with large stones. The top layer is smoothed with a trowel and left until completely hardened.

At high air temperatures, the foundation for the extension is periodically moistened with water, this will help to avoid cracks.

A frame extension to a brick house can be installed on a columnar base. In order to avoid deformation of the building under the influence of heaving of the soil, the foundation supports are laid to a depth below the freezing line.

During the construction of a brick extension, support pillars are dug in not only at the corners, but also along the perimeter of the structure in increments of 50 cm.

We build extension walls

In construction, materials and tools will be useful to you:

brick;
cement;
sand;
crushed stone;
fittings;
shovel;
a container for preparing a solution;
Master OK;
wooden bars;
thermal insulation material;
roofing material.

If you want to quickly build a veranda, you can opt for a frame structure. It is assembled according to the principle of the designer and consists of a wooden frame and finished panels with windows and doorways. Finishing work can be carried out immediately after construction. If necessary, the annex can be modified. Now consider how to properly make an extension to a brick building.

A brick extension to the house is more difficult to perform, but you can still build it with your own hands. Before starting the construction of walls, you need to check the evenness of the foundation surface. If it is uneven, the brickwork may collapse during shrinkage. The attachment of the extension to the brick wall of the building is carried out using holes that are made every 3 brick rows. Reinforcement is laid in them. During the construction of a brick extension to the house, the reinforcement will remain in the seams of the masonry. In order for the distance between the bricks not to be too large, the reinforcing bars should not have too large a diameter.

Before forming the brickwork, a rope is pulled along the wall, with which the horizontal rows will be checked. The thickness of the wall depends on the purpose of the brick extension. If the veranda is residential, the wall is laid out with a thickness of 2 bricks. For utility rooms, brickwork can be done in 1 row. After the walls are built, their upper parts are reinforced with a concrete belt. To do this, they make a formwork into which the reinforcing cage is laid and concrete is poured. After the concrete has hardened, the construction of the floors begins. A garage is attached to the house using the same technology, its dimensions depend on the dimensions of the vehicles. A wooden extension is a more economical option for arranging a veranda.

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How to make an extension roof

At the final stages, the ceiling is built, for this wooden beams are used. They are installed on the upper parts of the walls in increments of 70 cm. The structural elements are fixed with building corners.

beams can be combined with a concrete belt, having made a waterproofing of each element in advance. Thick plywood or wooden boards are placed on top of the beams, which are then insulated. An extension to the house can have any shape of the roof. Most often, single-sided options are made, consisting of rafters. A mark is made on the wall in the form of a straight line, along which the bars supporting the rafters will be fixed. The rafters are supported by floor beams or the upper parts of the walls. The rafters should protrude 30 cm from the walls to protect them from rain and melt water. Roof elements are fixed with metal corners.

As a conclusion

The quality of the extension depends on the chosen project and materials. An extension to a wooden house or brick cottage can be made of prefabricated panels, wood or brick. Any person with minimal knowledge in the field of construction can build it with his own hands. The foundation for the extension can be tape or columnar.

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Any of these bases needs high-quality waterproofing.

A country house for lovers of country life is not a temporary hut, not just a place to sleep. Many summer residents live in it for months, and sometimes it becomes a permanent place of residence. But what if the house is small and there is a catastrophic lack of space in it? Continue to huddle in cramped quarters or build a new house - more? For those to whom both proposed options are not suitable, there is an excellent way out of this situation - to attach an additional room to an existing house.

So, most often the owner of the cottage decides to build an extension if:

There is a need for new premises
Initially, there was not enough money to build the most complete structure

The main advantage of any extension to a country house is the acquisition of additional usable space. An important nuance is the possibility of getting into the attached premises without leaving the main building. This is especially true in winter or in inclement weather, when the owner does not have to dress according to the season to get into the right room.

By the way, construction costs can be significantly reduced if you use the practical tips outlined in this article:.

Types of extensions

Lightweight (summer) options
Capital buildings

The name of the first type speaks for itself. That is, this is a room that can fully function at certain times of the year. Typically, such premises are built from lightweight versions of building materials, without a heating system.

The capital extension is actually a continuation of the main house, so its construction will require the following construction processes:

Walling
Roof installation

Not the most difficult job, it is quite possible to cope with it. The main thing is to know how to do it right. Many summer residents, without understanding the theory, immediately go to practice and, as a rule, make a number of serious mistakes that can lead to serious trouble in the future.

To prevent this from happening, let's look at the correct technology for building a capital extension, which implies the presence of a full-fledged foundation, stone walls and a pitched roof.

The foundation for a capital extension should be poured taking into account the construction of a real, albeit small, building on it. To do this, we need to do the following:

Marking is being done at the site of the proposed construction of an extension.
Trenches are dug under the foundation, or a formwork is set up (a frame, usually made of wood, into which the solution is poured). For a one-story building, a tape type concrete cushion 30-40 cm wide and up to half a meter deep is quite suitable.

The next step is laying the frame from the reinforcement.
The design can be ordered or made independently. For the second option, you can use a suitable metal, which is traditionally full of thrifty owners in summer cottages. You can fasten all the elements into a single whole using welding or strong wire.

The last stage of the preparatory work is to attach the laid metal frame to the main foundation of the house. This will require:

Drill a few holes in the concrete base of the building.
Drive strong reinforcement into them and fasten it by welding with the previously laid frame.

What should be the concrete for pouring the foundation

Concrete for the foundation can also be ordered, but you can also make it on your own. To prepare a good concrete mix, you will need to mix the ingredients in a certain proportion, for example:

1 share of cement (say, 10 kg)
3 shares of sand
4 or 5 shares of crushed stone or gravel

Water is added on the basis that the weight of the liquid in the prepared mixture is approximately half the weight of all other ingredients. That is, if we take our approximate proportions, then about 40 liters of water should be added.

The finished concrete must be fluid enough to fill any voids, but should not be made too liquid, as this will cause the liquid to sink down while the mixture dries, which will significantly impair the performance of the extension base.

The poured foundation needs to be allowed to settle. It is recommended to periodically water it with water if small cracks begin to appear on the surface.

More details about the types of foundation, the intricacies of choice and device are described in the article:

Construction of extension walls

Before you start laying walls, you must definitely take care of their insulation. To do this, it is enough to roll out the roofing material along the plane of the foundation. The purpose of this step is to prevent moisture from spreading upwards - from the ground to the roof.

The process of erecting the walls of an extension from various types of stone is quite simple technologically:

The solution is kneaded (in proportion - 1 share of cement to 3 shares of sand, plus water is added in the amount necessary to achieve the consistency of thick sour cream)
The first stone is laid on a layer of mortar and tapped down a little with a trowel (trowel), hammer or ax
The second stone is installed in the same way next to the first, only a solution is added between them. Tapping occurs from top to bottom and from the end, towards the first laid brick (stone)

Thus, the first row is expelled. In order to somewhat facilitate your work, it is recommended to initially place the stones in the corners of the future extension, pull a strong thread between them (twine, thick fishing line), which will control the general plane of the surface.
Important: Constantly check the evenness of the masonry with a spirit level - both horizontally and vertically.

When building an extension, it is important not to miss one required step - additional fastening of the walls being erected to the main building. Some ignore this stage, believing that the attached room can only hold the solution in place. This is not true. The lack of additional fastening can subsequently lead to the appearance of cracks, which will be very difficult to eliminate.

The process of reinforcing the masonry will allow to avoid the appearance of this trouble (it is enough to do it through one laid row). To do this, you will need to drill holes in the walls of the main building and lay the reinforcement in such a way that one end of it is in the drilled hole, and the other lies on the surface of the lined row.

Further work continues in the same spirit: the next and next rows of brick (stone) are laid out. It should be noted that they must be installed on top of each other so that the connecting (vertical) seams of the previous and subsequent rows do not match. That is, laying bricks in a checkerboard pattern: the top one is located on two (sometimes even three, depending on the type of dressing) of the lower ones. This is done to achieve maximum strength and solidity of the structure.

Seismic belt installation

Install formwork
Lay the reinforcing structure
pour concrete

The seismic belt, like the foundation, must be given time to solidify.

Roof erection

It is recommended to cover the roof with the same material that was used on the roof of the main building. This option is considered ideal when the sheets of both parts of the building are completely combined with each other. For example, consider the construction of a slate roof, which is most often found in ordinary summer cottages. The whole process of work can be divided into three main stages:

Wooden frame installation
Flooring hydro and vapor barrier
Slate installation

Frame installation
The wooden frame consists of beams, which it is desirable to additionally drive into the wall of the main country house. The distance between the elements is no more than one meter.

The next step is the crate, which is attached perpendicular to the main bars. The boards are installed in such a way that one sheet of slate can lie on four of them. If the roofing material has a length of two meters, then the crate is mounted at a distance of 50 cm between the structural elements.

Flooring hydro and vapor barrier
Modern slate, unfortunately, is not of high quality, so it is advisable to lay a layer of hydro and vapor barrier under it. The film is bought at the store and attached to the crate using a construction stapler. The insulation is fixed from the bottom up in horizontal rows, so that the top layer slightly overlaps the bottom one (with an overlap). This is done so that water cannot get on the wooden structural elements or damage the ceiling of the extension - if it finds a way to penetrate under the slate or other roofing material.

Slate installation
Installation of slate is done in rows going from bottom to top. The first sheets are initially fixed only to the two lower roofing nails (to the second lath from the bottom). The second sheet of slate in the first row is overlapped (on one wave of the previous one). Laying in the same sequence continues to the end of the roof, where trimming of the material may be required. This procedure can be performed using a grinder and a stone work disc. Installation of the second and subsequent rows completely repeats the laying of the first.
Important:

The first row of slate should be extended beyond the wall by 10-15 centimeters to minimize the detrimental effect of water on the walls.
Nails are driven into the top of the wave: this way the probability of accidentally damaging the sheet with a hammer blow is reduced to a minimum; atmospheric precipitation will collect in the slate gutters, and not on the waves, therefore, the possibility of moisture entering through the nail holes is practically reduced to zero.

The main work is done. It is advisable to postpone the finishing of the extension to the country house for a sufficiently long time (six months). The thing is that the additional structure will shrink, and this can lead to the appearance of microcracks that will simply spoil the finishing work carried out. You should not worry about shrinkage - this is a natural process through which all buildings go. If you did everything right, the extension to the country house will serve faithfully for many years.

You can inexpensively and quickly increase the living space of the house with the help of a frame extension to the house. Why is this particular type of extension popular today? Their main feature is a number of advantages, such as:

low cost of building materials;
high speed of construction;
complete absence of shrinkage, unlike other designs;
minimum .

Frame extensions to the house - an excellent solution for houses with a small living space

A frame extension to a wooden house will allow you to change its architecture. This type implies the presence of a supporting skeleton or from a trimmed beam, from which the lower trim and corner post are actually made.

When the supporting skeleton is fully assembled, the terrace must be insulated and rough cladding must be made (CSB with sheets, LSU or OSB). Only after the rough sheathing can you proceed to the finishing of the terrace.

Excellent performance is inherent in this type of extensions, since they give off heat very slowly, so that such an extension can be heated quickly and easily.

Its decoration can be carried out only after the completion of construction, and at the same time, construction can be carried out at any time of the year.

If necessary, over time, changing the finish of such a terrace will be much easier than with conventional classical construction.

However, when building such a terrace, all points must be taken into account. To avoid over time the appearance of cracks and deformation of the extension, it is necessary to correctly place the expansion joints. What are expansion joints? An expansion joint is a joint that cuts the building from top to bottom. Such a seam allows some parts of the building to settle independently in a vertical position.

frame extension to the house
house extension project

To avoid the destruction of the outbuilding, it is necessary during its construction to separate the outbuilding with the help of sedimentary seams (2 cm slots), which should start from the bottom and go to the roof, and so on between all parts of the building. Subsequently, these gaps are filled with polystyrene foam, plastic bituminous, silicone or acrylic mass and elastic bands.

How to choose the right house extension project?

The terrace should complement the overall picture of the house, and not look like a separate element. Therefore, before you give preference to one project, you must fully think it over. The terrace should be spacious, but at the same time it cannot occupy more than 20% of the house itself.

If the house is built in a classical style, then the house should also be of the usual classical form, so that it complements the house and creates a single whole with it.

Frame panels are able to create a "thermos effect", in which heat, unlike ordinary brick walls, lasts seven times longer.

Frame projects of extensions to the house have become popular due to their low cost and ease of installation.

The main bearing function with this frame technology falls on, and various types of thermal insulation and cladding "take on" the task of protecting the structure from external harmful effects and suppresses thermal insulation and external noise.

With the lateral extension of the house, special attention should be paid to protecting the old part of the building. When designing a new extension to the house, you need to pay attention to the fact that the load-bearing walls are perpendicular to the previously built part of the house.

When extending the outbuilding, the distance from the old foundation to the new one can be several meters. In this case, the floors must be installed so that they are closer to the old structure, but at the same time they should not rest on the old walls.

You can even connect two structures - the main part of the house with an extension in an atypical way, for example, lean the floor slab on two walls - the old and the new. However, this must be done carefully so that, as a result, the walls have the possibility of small movements during the subsidence of the foundation.

Any terrace, chosen wisely and done correctly, can decorate the house and give it completeness. However, the main rule when choosing an extension is that it must necessarily be combined with the style of the house and be no more than 20% of its total living area in size.

If you wish, you can independently build a veranda for a summer residence without the involvement of professional builders. To do this, you need to familiarize yourself with the basic principles of the construction of structures and prepare the necessary materials. Some owners of country houses create a veranda not only for relaxation, but also to increase thermal insulation.

Planning

To build a reliable veranda, you need to think about several important factors:

the amount of money you are willing to spend
will the veranda be summer or winter,
what design of the extension is suitable for a particular house,
what is the best way to build a veranda.

Even if you have decided exactly what you want to see as a result and have drawn up a plan, it is better to coordinate it with a professional designer who can point out the mistakes made. It is worth thinking about which side of the house is best to attach an extra room and whether it will be a walk-through or not.

Features of wooden outbuildings

After looking at photos of summer verandas in the country, many owners of country houses choose wood, as it is a traditional material and has a lower cost. To evaluate this material, it is worth considering its advantages and disadvantages. Advantages of a wooden veranda:

Ease of installation. When building an extension made of wood, even a non-professional builder can handle the work.
Light weight. A wooden extension does not require the construction of a solid foundation, and therefore the cost of materials is significantly reduced.
Suitable appearance for many country houses. Most often, cottages are built precisely from wood, and if you create an extension, then a building made of the same material is the best option.
Environmental friendliness and safety. Wood is one of the healthiest materials.

But in addition to these advantages, the material also has disadvantages. One of them is fire hazard. If the owner of the house is going to build a brazier, then for this it is necessary to take into account many little things and spend additional funds.

Important ! All wooden elements need to be treated with special compounds and constant care during operation. Otherwise, the extension begins to slowly collapse.

The material becomes unusable due to the influence of:

weather conditions,
fungi,
insects,
microorganisms.

Features of brick outbuildings

One of the significant advantages of a brick veranda is that this material allows you to keep cool air in the summer, which allows the owners of the house to enjoy their vacation even on the hottest days. Also, the extension does not need constant maintenance. After completing the finishing work, you can forget about working with this material for a long time.

If you make a thorough warming of this part of the house, then the brick walls can maintain a comfortable temperature in the room even on the coldest days. But it is worth remembering that for the winter veranda it is necessary to install double glazing.

If we talk about the shortcomings that a brick structure has, then it is worth mentioning the large weight of the structure. Because of this, it is necessary to build a solid and heavy foundation, which requires considerable investment.

Construction of an extension made of polycarbonate

Polycarbonate is not used as often as brick and wood, but is a material that allows you to create an inexpensive and lightweight extension to a country house. It has the following advantages:

transparency,
good thermal insulation,
plastic,
attractive appearance.

Thanks to these characteristics, such material is suitable even for a winter veranda, which will serve as a winter garden. But at the same time, polycarbonate also has disadvantages. One of the main drawbacks is the rapid warming up of the material, due to which it is very difficult to be on the veranda on hot summer days without good ventilation.

Foundation

When building a veranda in the country, the photo of which can be seen below, a strip foundation is used. But when choosing a base for an extension, it is necessary to take into account the features of the future building and choose the most suitable option. When erecting a wooden veranda, for example, you can build a columnar foundation.

The choice depends on:

the material from which the veranda will be made;
type of foundation of the main structure;
soil slope;
soil type.

Many are interested in the question - is it necessary to tie the base of the veranda to the foundation of the house? It depends on what soil the building is located on. After looking at the photo of country houses with an attic and a veranda, you can see that the extension can be erected both together with the main structure, and separately.

Most often, a columnar foundation is being built, so it is worth considering in more detail. This option is suitable for the construction of wooden verandas, the weight of which does not require a heavy base. To create a foundation, it is necessary to use brick or reinforced concrete pillars, which are placed on a sand cushion. Wooden logs are placed on top of them, and then the floor is laid. In winter verandas, it is insulated.

When building such an extension made of wood, you need to remember that this material needs a special coating that will protect it from moisture and other adverse factors.

Veranda walls

When constructing a wooden structure, attention should also be paid to the construction of walls. Usually a wooden frame is created from a bar, which, if desired, can be sheathed and insulated so that the veranda can be used in winter. All racks and other elements made of wood require treatment with special protective compounds. To attach them to the wall of the main building, you need to use anchor bolts. After installing the racks, they are fastened with an upper strapping.

Important ! During the fastening of the rafters, their upper ends must be brought under the roof of the house and connected to a horizontal beam passing under the slope.

The choice of a particular type of wall depends only on the preferences of the owner of the house. If it is planned to build a summer version of the veranda, then they can not be built at all, having built only a railing. In the case when you want to get a room that is comfortable even in winter, you should make good insulation or put large double-glazed windows instead of walls, so that guests can observe a beautiful winter landscape.

roof construction

The roof of the veranda is made flat and it is best to use the material that was used in the construction of the house to cover it. The flooring can be created solid or at intervals. It depends on the type of veranda. If it is winter, then the boards are laid close, and if not, at intervals. But it is worth remembering that it also depends on the type of material used. An example is roofing felt, which is best nailed to tightly fitting boards.

Before using any coating, you should first understand the features of its fastening. If, for example, a flexible covering is used, then it should be bent along the bottom edge of the crate by about 10 cm. When slate is used, the correct sequence must be observed when laying it, preventing the penetration of moisture.

Arrangement of the veranda

After the structure is completely ready, you need to proceed with its design. It is at this point that many owners of country houses cannot decide what exactly they want. To get an idea of which design would be better, you should look at the photo, which shows how to equip a veranda in the country.

Planning and legalization of the project

The veranda is always built so as to close the front door. Therefore, in an already finished house, you will not be able to attach it from the side you want. Without an entrance inside, this room will be torn off from the house, and food and tea from the kitchen will have to be brought into it across the street.

The owners themselves come up with the dimensions of the veranda, taking into account the number of people who could relax in it at the same time. For the needs of a family of 5-6 people, a 3x4 m building is enough. But here it is worth considering the general view from the street. If you think of a small veranda, and the cottage itself is two-story, then it is unlikely that your architectural ensemble will look harmonious. But for small houses, you can just attach a veranda to the entire width of the wall of the building. This will increase the usable area, and from the outside it looks quite decent.

But for any footage, you will have to officially legalize the building. And not after construction, but before! When you come up with the design of the veranda and estimate its general appearance, go to a special building design department and order a veranda project. After its manufacture, one must go to the architectural department of the city in order to obtain a building permit and make changes to the project of the house. Why is it important to do this ahead of time? It takes about 2 months for the project and approval, so it is better if they fall in the winter, when the construction season has not yet begun.

Marking and laying out the site

Before you start work, you need to prepare the site. To do this, remove the fertile layer (about 15 cm) and take it to the garden or flower beds. The site is leveled and staking is started. According to the dimensions specified in the project, mark the boundaries of the future veranda. To do this, iron pins or wooden pegs are driven into the corners of the building and twine is pulled tightly around the perimeter.

The outer edge of the breakdown should match the dimensions of the veranda, and the inner edge should be retreated to the width of the foundation

Creating a Foundation: Pour Rules

Most often in Russia, for a veranda attached to a house, a strip or column foundation is made, equal in depth to the foundation of the main building. At the same time, it is recommended not to tie them into one monolith, because the house and the veranda have different weights, which means different degrees of shrinkage. And so that a heavy building does not pull a light building behind it, put the veranda on a separate base. To do this, a gap of up to 4 cm is left between the foundation of the house and the veranda.

Attention! When creating the foundation you should take into account the characteristics of the soil in your area and the total weight of the building. Lightweight foundations on heaving soils can “play”, and then the veranda will move away from the wall of the main building. In addition, they are not designed for heavy walls, for example, made of brick, and can shrink under their pressure.

It is used for the construction of large verandas made of bricks or blocks, which are covered with a heavy roof (slate, metal tiles, etc.). The easiest way is to build a strip foundation for a veranda to a concrete house.

The heaviest veranda will stand on the strip foundation

For this:

A trench is being dug (calculate the dimensions according to the foundation of the house).
The formwork is placed at a height equal to the height of the future foundation (or slightly higher). It is made from boards, knocked down into shields.
Concrete is prepared in the following proportion: 1 part of cement, 3 parts of sand and 6 parts of crushed stone.
The first layer of concrete is poured to the bottom and reinforced with stones to make about 10 cm.
Then the next portion is poured, stones are added again, etc.
For the top layer of concrete, stones are not used, but the surface is leveled with a trowel and left to dry (3-4 days).
If it’s hot, then they spill it a couple of times a day to avoid cracking the foundation.

If the veranda is frame or wooden, then you can put it on a columnar foundation. To protect against heaving of the soil, dig holes to a depth below the freezing of the soil in your area (more than a meter). For a small and light veranda, it is enough to put posts only in the corners. For a large one, it is worth making a series of intermediate posts with a step of 50-60 cm between them.

Column foundation can be made of concrete, blocks or red brick

Work progress:

Holes are being dug.
The bottom of each of them is covered with a 20-cm layer of sand.
Concrete is poured to the surface of the earth and is expected to dry.
Coat the finished post with bitumen and fill the gaps between it and the ground with sand.
The above-ground part of the column is created from brick or block masonry, bringing it to the height of the main foundation or slightly lower. Be guided so that about 30 cm remains to the finishing floor of the veranda.

Subfloor installation

Work order:

We fill the space of the subfloor with expanded clay for insulation.
We cover the foundation with a double layer of roofing material (both tape and columnar).
We fix the logs on the foundation, having previously smeared them with an antiseptic.
We lay edged boards (thickness 5 cm).

Logs are pre-impregnated with an antiseptic composition

You can also make a concrete floor, but in this case you will have to carry out additional thermal insulation work, because the base will draw cold from the ground, and the floor on the veranda will be constantly cold.

The construction of the frame of a wooden veranda

Consider how to build a wooden veranda. To do this, they mount a frame of bars, 10x10 cm in size. Work procedure:

On the finished draft floor, bars are placed for the lower strapping, connecting in the corners with a “straight lock”.
Cut out in the bars every half a meter grooves for vertical racks.
They put racks, fixing them with nails and staples.
A beam for the upper strapping is attached to the racks from above.
Near the slope of the roof of the house, a beam-girder is nailed, on which the rafters will lie. It must be taken to the anchor bolts (and all the posts adjacent to the building).
The truss system is installed.
The whole tree is treated with an antiseptic.

Material on the construction of a veranda in a frame-type cottage will also be useful:

The bars for the lower strapping are laid on a foundation waterproofed with roofing material

A rafter system is attached to the bars of the upper trim

Design features of the roofing pie

Most often, roofs are made single-pitched. At the same time, they are more sloping than the roofs on the house. The creation of a roofing pie on the veranda is carried out in the same way as the installation of the roof of an ordinary house.

A continuous or intermittent crate is stuffed onto the rafters, depending on the roofing.

Only if you have an attic-type house, then you made a vapor barrier with one of the layers. In the veranda, vapor barrier is not needed, because the under-roof space will not be used. In addition, with high-quality insulation of walls and floors, the vapor barrier layer is contraindicated. After all, a couple of the premises must go somewhere. And it will seep through the ceiling to the attic, and from there - volatilize outside. To do this, it is worth laying a special super-diffusion membrane as a waterproofing layer, which does not let moisture in from the outside, but the steam from the inside passes freely. True, it is not used for steel and metal coatings, because they can rust from condensation. For metal tiles buy a special condensate film.

Superdiffusion membrane consists of microscopic funnel-like pores

Wall cladding and window installation

After creating the draft floors, you can sew up the frame, leaving openings for windows and doors. For this:

At the locations of the windows, we install a window sill board, which should be about half a meter from the floor. We fix the board to the vertical posts.
We sew up the frame with materials that will keep warm and fit the main building. From the inside it can be plywood, and on top of it - lining, outside - or wood. But be sure to lay a layer of insulation between them and a waterproofing film (on both sides of the insulation), so that moisture from the street and steam from the inside do not penetrate into it. Don't forget to leave window openings.

After you have made the frame of the veranda to the house, insert windows and doors.

When installing vertical racks, a step is made between them equal to the width of the windows

It is better to sew up the walls on both sides, laying insulation inside

Also, it is necessary to pay attention that the door should not be located opposite the internal door leading to the house. Otherwise, drafts cannot be avoided. It is best to do it from the end, so that the cold air that has flown in when opening does not find its way into the living quarters.

Features of creating a brick or block veranda

If the veranda is attached to a brick house, then it is logical that its walls are made of bricks or blocks, ennobling them with decorative plasters.

The brick veranda must have a solid foundation, as the construction will be heavy.

Mounting Tips:

It is better to put the extension on a strip foundation.
Take on the masonry yourself only if you have building skills.
Since the building will not be large, laying half a brick is enough, and lay out the inside in blocks.
Fill the voids with expanded clay.
They trim such a veranda with drywall or plaster it, and then paint it.

Pay special attention to the insulation of each structural element. Even those owners who first put up an uninsulated veranda look for ways to make it warmer after a couple of seasons. Because freezing corners and frosted doors are not very pleasing to the eye. And in Russia, severe winters are not uncommon.