Log house in canada construction. House (log house) according to the technology of Canadian felling. Alternate stages of Canadian logging

At all times, the quality of log buildings was measured by their durability. The technology has been perfected over the centuries, the masters passed their art from generation to generation.

Canadian felling was invented by Russian settlers who set foot on American soil at the beginning of the 18th century. Solid and beautiful have gained wide popularity in Canada, hence the name of the method.

Canadian felling technology

Canadian felling is used in the construction of structures from massive logs of a round profile. The diameter of the logs varies from 30 to 60 cm, the thicker the log, the better. The “Canadian cup” log cabin is easily recognizable – the cup is in the shape of a trapezoid, there are side notches. This technology allows you to firmly jam the grooves and ensure that there are no gaps between the logs. In the process of shrinkage, the log house forms an almost monolithic wall. The best materials for building a Canadian log house are pine, larch or cedar, harvested in the winter.

Each log used is selected with the utmost care.
Processing is carried out exclusively by hand, this preserves the upper protective layer of wood fibers - sapwood.
Precise fit ensures that there are no gaps between the logs.
The layers of insulation are not visible, it creates the feeling of a solid array of wood.
Creating a comfortable microclimate indoors - the house is warm in winter and cool in summer.
Unpretentiousness in operation - no work on insulation and elimination of cracks and cracks is required.

Initially, the Canadian felling differed from the Russian and Norwegian ones only in the shape of the bowl, which, due to its trapezoidal shape, tightly fitted the adjacent log during shrinkage. However, over time, additional spikes and grooves inside the bowl began to be used, with their help it was possible to achieve a tight connection of the logs and an ideal pairing of the crowns. The junction of the inner groove and the spike is called a “tail tail”, in the process of shrinkage, the logs are tightly connected to each other, while the entire mass of the insulation remains inside, which improves the appearance of the building. To minimize defects that occur during the shrinkage process, a special technology is used - undercutting. A cut is made along the axis of the log, its depth ranges from 5 to 15 mm. Due to this, the log does not crack during shrinkage, and retains its original shape.

Economics of construction: comparing Canadian and Russian felling

The erection of a log cabin of a Canadian felling is an expensive process, but quite justified in terms of durability. You can visually distinguish the Canadian felling from the Russian one even in the photo by the presence or absence of characteristic cuts in the felling areas.

And yet, the main difference is the spike in the “Canadian cup” - it is he who guarantees the absence of gaps between the logs and the high heat-saving characteristics of the building.

The technology in this case is much more complicated, and the cost of a log house will be higher than when using a Russian felling. Time costs are also higher, this is due to the difficulty of fitting the spikes and grooves inside the bowl and careful grinding of the wood.

When choosing a cutting option, first of all, the percentage of wood shrinkage is taken into account, because over time, the diameter of a log can become 10% smaller. This will lead to a violation of the proportions of the cup and the appearance of cracks. Natural shrinkage is an inevitable process, and even the highest quality logs sag, gaps form, which will have to be filled with tow or other specialized material. It is at this stage that the advantage of the Canadian felling over the Russian felling becomes obvious: the deformation of the cups will be almost zero, while cracks are formed extremely rarely. In addition, the shape of the cup prevents the accumulation of moisture, reducing the likelihood of decay and damage to wood.

The disadvantage of the Canadian felling can be considered the complexity of execution. All work is done by hand, so that the top dense layer of wood remains on the logs, which ensures high resistance of the building to environmental influences. The increase in money and time spent on building a house using Canadian technology will fully justify itself in 5-7 years, the cost of insulating and repairing a Russian log cabin will result in no less.

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Maintenance and operation costs after construction

The main expense in the operation of the log house is to ensure the tightness of the walls. The cracks that appear during shrinkage must be caulked. Houses built using Russian cutting technology require caulking 2-3 times a year for 10 years after construction is completed. Caulking is a process of filling the gaps formed with heat-insulating materials - tow or jute fiber. This is a very laborious task that requires special skills. Accordingly, the cost of work will be very high. The use of putties and sealants for caulking is unacceptable, since the process of natural air exchange in the layers of wood is disrupted, this leads to an increase in humidity and the development of mold and fungus.

Canadian felling does not provide for additional wall caulking during shrinkage. A layer of insulation is laid in the crowns during construction, while observing the construction technology, the walls reliably retain heat even in the most severe winter. Due to the special shape of the bowl, the dried upper log is tightly connected to the lower one, a monolithic joint is formed that does not require additional insulation. That is why Canadian log cabins are often not lined from the inside, while heat loss is minimized.

On the one hand, the design seems to be not the most complicated. On the other hand, few people work with the Canadian bowl. Why?

Because it’s not enough to just make a trapezoidal bowl shape, cut a spike on the top log and a groove on the bottom one. It is necessary to optimally calculate all dimensions so that the parts of the castle fit as tightly as possible to each other. Otherwise, all the advantages of such a bowl will come to naught.

And only real professionals who have been working with hand-cut logs for years can cope with this task. At the same time, such a high-quality connection can be made only with the help of an excellent professional tool, which is quite expensive and not everyone has it.

What is the main plus of felling a log house into a Canadian bowl?

In the tightness of corner joints after shrinkage of the house. Unlike the classic Russian bowl, such a connection of logs does not dry out after shrinkage. It is still tight!

It turns out that the joints of logs in the Canadian bowl do not need repeated caulking? This is partly true. But not really!

It is impossible to predict how a tree will behave when it dries out. Therefore, it cannot be guaranteed that the Canadian bowl completely eliminates the need for subsequent caulking.

But it can be guaranteed that the amount of work on caulking after the shrinkage of the house will be minimal and experienced craftsmen will cope with the task very quickly.

Canadian technologies for the construction of sustainable and ecological houses have gained a lot of popularity in recent years. This is partly due to the naturalness and energy-saving function of such buildings. Prefabricated structures are also popular due to their economy with simplified assembly techniques. Against this background, the North American logging technology deserves attention. Despite its relevance in our time, the basic principles for the implementation of such houses were laid back in the middle of the last century. Another thing is that the Canadian technology of cutting log cabins has been significantly improved in our time. Among the advantages of this approach to construction, the same natural design, energy-saving advantages and, most importantly, reliability and durability stand out.

General information about technology

This method of forming a house is also called cutting into a bowl. According to the general features of construction, the technology can be attributed to varieties of traditional Russian felling. Moreover, it comes from Russia with its roots, but it has not taken root in our country, and Canadian masters have improved it and have been using it for more than a decade. Also, modern builders from Russia took a different look at the advantages that felling of a log house using Canadian technology has, and are increasingly using this technique in their work. Among the features of this cutting method, one can note the complexity of the design. If classical log cabins are mainly formed according to the technique of simple laying of elements, then the installation configuration according to the Canadian method is highly accurate and thoughtful. Of course, it is painstaking installation that ultimately makes it possible to obtain high-strength houses that are not subject to biological destruction processes.

What is the difference from the Norwegian felling

Similar climatic conditions in Scandinavia and Canada led to a lot in common in approaches to construction. Therefore, the two technologies have more similarities than differences. For example, both methods make it possible to form a dense self-locking frame. Canadian felling, like Norwegian felling, is carried out without the use of nails, so the responsibility of architects designing such a house also increases.

But there are also significant differences. The main one is the use of large logs, the diameter of which can reach 50 cm. In the case of a Norwegian log house, a well-prepared gun carriage is more often used. Another distinguishing nuance lies in the technique of forming corners. North American builders use saddle cutting, which just ensures density in fitting logs. Largely due to this feature, Canadian log cabins are more popular. A photo with an example of fitting logs is presented below.

Markup execution

During the construction process, you should use a special tool that will improve the accuracy of the formation of the log house. This is a hammer, which has two sharp rods, with the help of which the contours of the future bowl are outlined. Carpenters call this tool a trait, but there are other names. The marking itself should be strictly guided by the terms of reference, which will be implemented by the Canadian felling of the log house. Projects, except for layouts, may take into account different parameters of the bowl. Of course, for buildings of a large area, these dimensions will increase - and vice versa. Markup should begin with determining the parameters of the logs. Next, you need to number each whip, which will eliminate the possibility of errors in further laying.

Creating a "saddle"

The base of the "bowl" is the "saddle" in which the logs are placed. It should also be noted that each joint must initially have a special spike. Outwardly, it may seem that the classic thorn-groove mounting technique is being implemented, but this is not entirely true, since the joint is performed by bringing together rounded planes - that is, through “saddles”. If you do Canadian felling of log cabins with your own hands, then you can make calculations according to a simplified scheme. For example, in determining the depth of the “saddle”, one should focus on the radius of the log, which will subsequently be laid in this niche. This forms an organic masonry with a tight connection of logs. In this case, it is necessary to retreat from the edge of at least 25 cm, and the marking of the “saddle” itself should be done with a sharp nail or since ordinary pens and markers are easily erased.

Cutting methods

In the process of cutting, it is necessary to use a high-quality tool, which can be a sharp cleaver or a chainsaw. Professional companies use special equipment for this task, which also makes it possible to form the contours of the “bowl” that are almost ideal in size. However, even in the homeland of technology, Canadian hand felling is more often used. How to make the base of the log house in this way? In the lower crown, a spike should be cut down along the central part of the “bowl”. A groove is made in the upper part in the same way. Further, during the assembly process, a heat insulator will be laid in these places. The fitted crowns are again dismantled in order to complete the overlay circle. At the final stage, the crowns are assembled so that the “bowls” are oriented downwards.

Tightness as a feature of the Canadian log house

In the process of designing and building a Canadian log house, it is important to be prepared for the fact that the technique of its formation itself will not provide an adequate level of airtightness. In other words, increased tightness excludes even the slightest ventilation in the walls. In this case, the dignity of the house in the form of high density turns into a disadvantage. The only way to remedy the situation would be to introduce forced ventilation equipment into the log house. Loose fit of logs immediately after construction should not be embarrassing - the shrinkage process eliminates the smallest cracks and seals the log house. Canadian felling, like most technologies for the construction of wooden houses, involves the implementation of additional thermal insulation, which also reduces the opportunities for natural ventilation.

Types of logs used

Do not think that the technology is a solution of the same type with no possibility of making adjustments. The largest space for individual choice is precisely the variety of the main material - logs. Or rather, methods of preparing wood. I must say that Canadian technology requires considerable investment in building materials, so there will be an opportunity to save money. However, you should start with the optimal solution for those who do not want to save on quality. In this case, it is worth preferring a cycled log. Such material retains the natural shape of the surface, which increases the aesthetic value of the log house. Drawing crowns in this design is performed with minimal tolerances, duplicating the complex shape of the elements.

No less attractive is the option of planed logs. All external flaws and defects of the log are smoothed out, which simplifies the drawing process. This is a durable and high-quality processed log, which is inferior to the scraped log only in aesthetic merits. If Canadian felling of log cabins is planned with minimal investment, then it is worth using a planed log, in which the drawing is performed in one approach. However, the tolerances of the "bowls" with grooves in this case increase, which may require caulking.

For beginners in working with log cabins, professional carpenters recommend using a saw for notches in the process of processing logs, and then remove the excess with a chisel. Be sure to have a ready-made log with a correctly made "bowl" in service - this will be an example that you can focus on in your work. In the absence of a reference log, in some cases tin templates are used, which will reduce the risk of inaccurate processing. But in any case, each crown must be additionally checked by level. There are other subtleties in Canadian felling that should be kept in mind. So, if an extra layer was removed during processing, this does not mean that the log becomes unusable. To replenish a few millimeters will allow a layer of insulation that will lie between the logs.

Benefits of Canadian felling

All the advantages of technology are revealed already during the operation of the house. Among them, one can single out the lack of reliability of a dense structure, durability and decorative qualities of a log house. By the way, outwardly the joints look unusual and even resemble patterns. Close mixing of wooden elements also affects the energy-saving function of the house. Heating costs are minimized if high-quality insulation was also performed during construction.

Disadvantages of Canadian felling

The construction process cannot be classified as easy, so inexperienced craftsmen often have problems. This applies to both marking and the process of laying logs. The construction itself requires serious costs if high-quality wood material is to be used. If you use cheap raw materials, then the operational advantages that such a log house should have are more likely to be leveled. Canadian felling allows you to provide good protection from the cold, but only due to the tightness of the structure. As already noted, this nuance does not have the best effect on the ventilation of the house. Structurally, it is impossible to get rid of this drawback during the construction process, therefore, they solve the problem by additionally supplying ventilation systems.

Conclusion

There are many construction techniques. Many of them have many common technological methods, thanks to which a durable, economical in maintenance and simply beautiful log house is obtained. Canadian felling, in turn, has its own unique features. They are mainly expressed in achieving a high degree of joint density, which ultimately ensures both the durability of the house and the optimal microclimate in its premises. At the same time, the technology does not exclude other advantages of wooden structures. These include environmental friendliness, a variety of planning configurations and undemanding maintenance.

Introduced in Canada only about 20 years ago, Hybrid Post ® Beam technology combined traditional Canadian felling and Post ® Beam log framing techniques, greatly expanding the architectural design of façades.

In the simplest case of using hybrid technology, a log first floor is built using a classic Canadian felling, and the attic and porch of the house are built using a frame method. Post® Beam. Recently, however, both methods of construction are increasingly combined within the same floor.

CANADIAN CUTTING

Wooden housing construction in North America owes its origin to emigrants from the Old World who used European traditions and construction methods.

In the new technology (the first standard regulating it is dated 1976, the last - 2012), the marking system, the design of the joints and the principles of combating shrinkage from the Norwegian cutting system were taken as the basis, but at the same time, the frame was made not from a gun carriage, but from a round log .

In this way, Canadian cutting is considered to be a kind of symbiosis of the Norwegian and Russian methods making corner joints.

The Canadian cup is shaped like a trapezoidal saddle. On the upper part of the lower mating log, two notches are made at an angle of D5-500 (the exact value depends on the diameter).

The minimum length of the cuts is two log diameters, the maximum width of the top of the landing saddle is 90 mm. A correspondingly shaped groove is cut in the upper mating log, the depth of which must be at least 25 mm greater than the height of the saddle.

As a result, a so-called saddle gap is formed above the top of the connection of the lower log with the upper one, which will disappear when the mating rims shrink as a result of the shrinkage of the wood. For a long time, Canadians were limited to a similar cup, which allows them to get a fairly strong and dense self-jamming joint called “in the saddle”. But it had one drawback - it did not save the wood from twisting when it dried.

That is why later a special spike was introduced into the design of the lock, cut out in the bowl of the upper mating log, and a corresponding groove was provided at the top of the lower saddle. (According to some experts, the spike also helps to reduce the ventilation of corner joints, but not everyone agrees with this thesis). Then another innovation appeared - a saddle-shaped lock began to be made not only in the upper, but also in the lower part of the log, due to which the so-called diamond bowl is obtained. As a result, today there are three options for connecting to a Canadian cup: with serrations (“in the saddle”), with serrations and a spike, as well as with upper and lower clasps and a spike.

Another feature of the Canadian felling is the original shape of the longitudinal grooves in the mating logs. So, in the lower part of the upper log, a double groove (doublegrove) is cut in the shape of the letter W, and in the upper part of the lower one - a single (vigruve) in the shape of the letter V.

True, domestic carpenters, gradually mastering a new technology for themselves, abandoned the use of both, replacing these grooves with a lunar semicircular groove more familiar to Russian felling, but with sharp lower edges (as in a Finnish or Norwegian cabin), which allows you to reliably hide inside the groove from bad weather intervening heater. The width of such a groove is usually at least 12 cm, but can be up to % of the diameter of the log, due to which the connection is much warmer than in the Canadian version.

Types of corner cuts

1. Russian felling in an okhlop

The connecting bowl is located at the bottom of the top log, which makes the corner connection more resistant to precipitation.
2. Russian cabin in fat tail

It has an improved bowl with a special spike - fat tail. On the opposite side of the log, a groove is created for the spike of the next log
3.Norwegian cabin from the gun carriage

Reminiscent of a cut into a fat tail, but the bowl is formed by inclined notches, due to which, when the tree dries out, the connection self-compacts under the weight of the crowns
4. Canadian felling from a log

A symbiosis of the Norwegian and Russian felling into a fat tail - on the top of the log they create sloping notches and a groove for a spike in the lower bowl of the upper log

POST ® BEAM TECHNOLOGY

The Canadian Post ® Beam felling is, in fact, a direct descendant of the now almost forgotten Russian felling in a fence (in a post, in a rack, in a raft), in which the frame of the building is assembled from vertical posts with grooves selected along them. Logs are inserted horizontally into the latter, at the ends of which spikes corresponding in geometry are pre-cut.

At the same time, a longitudinal recess is made in the lower part of each horizontal log, filled with a compactor (moss, tow, etc.), as in other types of Russian felling. But if in Russia the space between the logs was usually filled with the so-called whips (thin tops of the trunks), and this technology was used mainly for the construction of unheated outbuildings, then in Norway, and then in Canada, residential buildings were successfully built on it.

The difference was that in Norway, a gun carriage was used to fill the spaces between the posts, and in Canada, rather thick logs (their diameter was at least 300 mm).

And the posts themselves in the Canadian version of felling have become more powerful - their diameter physically cannot be less than 400 mm, since in the area where the filling logs adjoin them, it is necessary to make cleats with a width of 200 mm or more on the posts. The use of large-diameter logs is not only a tribute to fashion and beauty, but also an opportunity to reduce the number of crowns of a log structure, which, in turn, reduces heat loss through the walls.

It should be noted that in the Post ® Beam technology, the openings between the posts can be filled not only with logs, but also with insulated frame structures, blocks (including those made of foamed materials), and glass. The wall skeleton is firmly connected with the no less powerful sleg construction of the roof, making up almost a single whole with it.

Left: Canadian bowl - traditional version Involves the manufacture of notches (“cheeks”) only on the top of the log. Suitable for connecting logs of any diameter, and especially for combining logs of small and large diameters
Right: Bowl "Canadian Diamond"
The notches are made on the upper and lower parts of the log, a more time-consuming, but extraordinarily beautiful connection is obtained. Only suitable for connecting large diameter logs

CANADIAN CUT - CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

The production of the necessary elements and the pre-assembly of the house, the construction of which combined both log and frame technologies, were carried out on a specially equipped construction site located near the places of timber harvesting.

Thus, it was possible not only to select the most suitable blanks for each structural element, but also to control the work of carpenters at all stages, and in addition, to use lifting equipment without time limits. But the main advantage of such an organization of work is as follows.

Structures of this type are built using not only Canadian cups, but also grooves and spikes of a wide variety of shapes and sizes, which must be carefully (and therefore long) carried out and scrupulously adjusted to each other, otherwise the house will be impossible to assemble.

That is why the production of log and frame elements and pre-assembly stretch for many months. However, the customer is not present at the preparatory stage, but only watches how, in just a few days, the skeleton of the future house is assembled on his site from the logs brought.

Upon completion of the work, the builders marked each structural element and drew up an assembly diagram (it is a necessary annex to the construction contract). Then the frame was dismantled, packed and transported to the client's site, where it was reassembled, but now on the foundation, which was a monolithic slab.

The frame was mounted on wooden dowels, giving rigidity to the wall structure. During the installation of the roof, technological methods and details were used that allow the elements of the truss system to slide freely relative to the log walls during the shrinkage of the log house.

The progress of the construction of a house made of logs of Siberian cedar with a diameter of 35 to 100 cm is presented in sufficient detail in the photographs, so we will only comment on the stage of the construction of the roof, which remained “behind the scenes”. On top of the rafters, a solid flooring was built from boards, thus obtaining a ceiling.

Through the vapor barrier, with a step of 60 cm, boards with a section of 200 * 50 mm were nailed to it, setting them on a narrow edge. In the cavity between the boards, slabs of mineral wool insulation with a total thickness of 200 mm were laid in layers, covered with a vapor-permeable membrane, which was pressed against the boards with counter-lattices with a cross section of 50 * 50 mm. Next, a wooden crate made of a bar with a section of 100 x 25 mm, pre-treated with an antiseptic composition, was attached to the counter-rails, and to the latter - a flooring made of metal tiles of the color chosen by the owners.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF KANDAS CUTTING

As we have already noted, recently in our country there has been an increased interest in the Canadian cabin and related Post ® Beam and Hybrid Post ® Beam technologies, about which many laudatory reviews are published. Of course, these methods have certain advantages, but not all of them are absolutely indisputable. Let's start with the advantages of the Canadian felling itself, first of all, with its undoubted plus.

In the Canadian bowl, double-sided notching is performed only in the lower log. The result is a cone-shaped “saddle”-zamon, self-compacting as the wood dries out. Such a solution eliminates the appearance of cracks in the corners of the log house and eliminates the need for re-caulking.

But with other theses it is quite possible to argue.

The Canadian bowl is a stronger and warmer connection than the Russian bowl.

When compared with a regular round bowl cut into a bun or oshlop, then the Canadian one is really stronger. However, such cuts as in a fat tail or in an okhlop with a cut are in no way inferior to it in strength, and a cut into a hook even surpasses it.

If we talk about the "warmth" of the connection, then with a log diameter of 300 mm, the thickness of the wood at the junction of the logs in the Canadian cup in the narrowest part does not exceed 200-250 mm. The width of the insulation laid in the saddle gap in this zone is a maximum of 70 mm. The thickness of the wood layer when combined into a Russian bowl is almost equal to the diameter of the log. In this case, the latter is insulated over the entire area. So which of the two compounds is warmer?

The next statement: it is less laborious in execution. Yes, it is really easier to make a trapezoid with almost flat edges by sawing out with a chainsaw than, as in the Russian version, cutting out a bowl with an ax, adze and even a chisel.

But let's not forget that the implementation of the Canadian bowl also implies a rather complicated double drawing of logs, as well as a large amount of manual grinding. That is why the price of Canadian log cabins is quite high. It is necessary to take into account the influence of processing methods on the durability of the tree. The saw loosens, “fringes” the surface of the wood, which, even after grinding, remains vulnerable to moisture penetration. The ax smoothes the outer layers, closing the pores, which prevents the penetration of moisture into the product. So which option is better?

Now about Post ® Beam technology. Like all frame construction methods, it allows you to build houses at a permanent location at a faster pace (assembly takes 1-2 weeks). And you can start finishing the walls immediately after the installation of the skeleton is completed (the structure is not subject to shrinkage).

But if we talk about the Hybrid Post ® Beam technology, in which the log structure is combined with the frame structure, then when shrinking, they will behave completely differently. Of course, the situation can be saved by the screw shrinkage compensators installed under each pillar, but only on condition that the need for their regulation will be monitored by experienced specialists. In general, the construction of such houses - structurally complex, with elements that have a huge mass - should be trusted exclusively to professionals in this technology. And, unfortunately, we still don't have many of those.

And yet, the appearance on the Russian market of a new technology cannot but rejoice, because it opens up wide opportunities for architects to implement various ideas designed to make every house unusual and even unique, like a work of art. Besides. Hybrid Post ® Beam allows you to save money by using lighter foundation options (the frame structure is lighter than a log structure) and reducing the time to start finishing work.

SCHEMES OF THE PROCESS OF SHRINKING OF THE RUSSIAN AND CANADIAN BOWLS

1. The shape of the bowl partially repeats the surface of the lower log. Insulation is laid over the entire area of the bowl

2. Logs are adjusted to each other more accurately. Insulation is placed in the so-called saddle gap

3-4. Cups of both types undergo changes during shrinkage. Depending on the initial moisture content of the logs, their diameter decreases by 5-10 96. Accordingly, the shape of the bowls and the size of the gaps in them change. The log house starts to sag

5. Large gaps remain at the bottom of the cup, which will have to be caulked with linen jute or tow

6. Due to the triangular shape of the bowl, the connection is self-sealing. No need to caulk

Filling frame walls

The connection of the ends of the horizontal elements with vertical logs-racks was carried out according to the "thorn-groove" system: the groove was selected in the racks (a), and the spikes were cut out at the ends of the filling logs (b). In the lower part of each log, a longitudinal groove was selected, into which, during the final assembly, an interventional sealant was inserted. The tenon-groove joints were also sealed.

Additional Information

CLEANING THE BARK WITH A JET OF WATER

When processing wood, it is important to preserve its natural properties. That is why devices are increasingly being used to remove the bark from a log using a pressurized water jet. With such debarking, the metal of the tool does not come into contact with the most important protective layer of the log - sapwood and does not damage it. As a result, wood not only retains the natural beauty and texture of the surface, but also better withstands environmental influences.

CENTURY-OLD TRADITIONS

The main tool of a carpenter, like many centuries ago, is a “line” - a tool similar to a compass: when marking, one leg slides over the surface of the lower log, the second draws a line on the upper one. Another old, but equally indispensable tool is an adze, with which a longitudinal groove is made. Such an ax smoothes the outer layers of wood, closing the pores and preventing moisture from penetrating inside the product.

LITTLE TRICKS

It is no secret that when cutting with a chainsaw, logs across the edge of the cut are overgrown with thin chips. To prevent their appearance, a simple technique is used - a knife is first drawn along the cut line. In this case, chips may appear only on the cut off part of the log.

Canadian cutting allows you to build durable and energy-efficient houses and baths from logs of different diameters. Thanks to the internal spike in the bowl, the lock is self-locking, the walls are hermetic, the joints do not diverge in the corners. Such log cabins do not need repeated caulking! Carpenters from "ROYAL KEDR" have been building log cabins using Canadian technology since 2002.

The history of the appearance of the Canadian felling

In the middle of the 18th century, Russian settlers brought this technology to Canada. The local population (Indians and Eskimos) did not own this technique of building wooden houses.

In Russia, at the same time, architects preferred faster and less labor-intensive felling methods. Arriving in Canada, Russian craftsmen were forced to adapt Russian felling to local conditions, sacrifice speed and simplicity, giving preference to reliability and heat efficiency.

Now Canadian felling houses are popular not only in North America and Canada, but also in other countries, including Russia.

Advantages

It is profitable to build houses and baths with "ROYAL CEDAR"! Only we:

We carefully select building materials. We have a production site and logging sites. We do not buy timber, we cut it ourselves in the Siberian taiga! Each tree is inspected by a foreman with twenty years of experience and checked with an ultrasonic flaw detector. For construction, blanks with good indicators of tapering, density and resin content are used. Our logs have no visible or hidden defects. Unsuitable specimens are rejected and used for the production of lumber.
We develop detailed projects. The draft part is a sectional log house, a layout with an explication of the premises and a foundation plan. All the documents necessary for production are contained in the constructive section: cutting charts for all types of lumber, schemes for laying crowns and developing walls. All design documents are created automatically, which eliminates errors. Our log cabins are cut in strict accordance with the design developments, and each position in the estimate can be documented.
We employ the best carpenters and finishers. We build turnkey houses and baths. We do not involve subcontractors in the work, we carry out all the design, construction and finishing works ourselves. The best Siberian carpenters and general-purpose finishers work in our staff, so we are confident in the result. All work is our guarantee!
We offer prices from the manufacturer. The projects from "KINGR KEDR" contain documents that allow you to save: maps for cutting wall material and specifications for all lumber. We are manufacturers and do not work with intermediaries. Our Customers pay only for the material and the work of our craftsmen. The remuneration of intermediaries and resellers is not included in the construction budget.

Canadian felling: technology features

Canadian felling combines the characteristic features of Russian and Norwegian styles. Logs of large diameter are suitable for construction, which are carefully adjusted to each other when assembling the structure.
Carpenters make a special "lock": a spike in a wedge-shaped bowl is cut out in the lower crown, and a bowl in the form of a trapezoid is cut out in the upper one. Under the weight of the logs during shrinkage, a tight wedging of the fastening occurs, due to which the complete tightness of the “lock” is achieved.
Full coincidence of the bowls in shape and self-jamming of the "lock" minimize the risk of opening connections over time. Atmospheric moisture does not penetrate inside the corner. The insulation located in the grooves retains its natural properties for a long time.
With Canadian technology, they make a double-sided seam logs at an angle of 45 degrees. The length of the notch is equal to twice the diameter of the log.
For Canadian log cabins, logs processed with a scraper are used. This tool allows you to very carefully debark the workpiece, leaving the sapwood intact. Such logs look original, and log cabins from them serve for a long time.
The grooves are made with an adze, the wood is pressed along the fibers. This allows you to clog pores and resin channels. This "preservation" increases the life of the wood.
For Canadian felling, it is recommended to use logs with a diameter of 400 mm or more. We build from cedar, pine and larch with a diameter of up to 700 mm.

Features of Canadian log cabins

Tightness. A log house with round bowls after shrinkage needs caulking or wall treatment with acrylic sealant using the “Warm Seam” technology. The occurrence of cracks is associated with a decrease in the linear dimensions of the log due to shrinkage. There is no such problem in the Canadian felling: the inclined edges of the lock and self-jamming under the weight of the rims and the roofing system maintain the tightness of the joints. No gaps appear in such a log house, the cut remains airtight.
The walls look monolithic. There are no gaps between the crowns, this remains throughout the entire period of operation of the log house. The insulation remains inside the log, it is not visible and is reliably protected from environmental influences.
Beautiful appearance. The notches on a log of large diameter look original. During the construction of elite log cabins, logs with expressive butts are used. The ends are made "under the wedge" or "in a run". French and straight cut ends are also available. Our carpenters own the author's method of drawing the butt parts. Widely used logs are large diameter, processed in the "wild" style or with partial debarking. The massive chopped farms that adorn the entrance group look original.

Diamond bowl or Diamond zate

Building houses in a diamond bowl requires high skill from carpenters, because this is a very complex technology. The difference from the usual Canadian technique lies in the number of notches - they are performed not on one side of the crown, but on two:
In the cuts, a large number of faces intersect, which looks like a diamond. This is where the name of this method comes from, with which you can emphasize the natural shape of the butts and the beauty of the wood texture.
The pinnacle of craftsmanship tightly fitted (up to a millimeter) corner joints of crowns are considered.
Benefits of the Diamond Chalice the same as in the usual Canadian: complete tightness and no gaps after shrinkage of the log house.
The only downsidediamond cutting is a decrease in the width of the thermal groove. It is for this reason that it is advisable to choose this type of felling when a wooden house is being built from a log with a diameter of more than 460 mm. In large log cabins, the diamond cut looks especially elegant!