Abstract of a class hour for grade 9 on the topic "Monument of Eternal Love"
The proposed class hour can be held on the eve of March 8. Stories about women, whose names are famous for their ability to love and be loved, provide material for discussion, encourage children to think about beauty, ideal, love. The form of the event is traditional: an information block prepared by the boys and a face-to-face conversation organized by the teacher.
Goals: to acquaint children with the history of the creation of some monuments of literature and art; to form a positive moral attitude towards love as a sublime human feeling; contribute to the education of aesthetic taste; encourage children to self-improvement, self-development, to expand their horizons.
Preparatory work: Distribute the materials of the information block among the boys (2 photocopies of the script).
Equipment:
Record player;
Musical recordings (L. Beethoven "Moonlight Sonata", M. Oginsky
"Polonaise", etc.).
Registration: portraits (Laura, Beatrice, A. Kern, V. Lopukhin, P. Sheremetiev, D. Guichardi); photo (Taj Mahal mausoleum, Sheremetyev Hospice House (Sklifosovsky Institute)).
class plan
I. Opening remarks.
II. Information block.
1. Petrarch and Laura.
2. Dante and Beatrice.
3. Taj Mahal.
4. Moonlight Sonata.
5. Countess Sheremetyeva.
6. "Wonderful moment."
7. Varenka and Mikhail.
8. Conclusion.
III. Interactive conversation.
IV. Final word.
Class hour progress
I. Opening remarks
Classroom teacher. Guys, the day of March 8 is approaching. On this day, it is customary to congratulate all women on the holiday of spring and love. And we decided to dedicate our class hour today to women who are famous for their love. These were extraordinary women. They could awaken such love for themselves, which resulted in brilliant poetic lines, in enchanting sounds and colors, in the harmony of architectural forms ... These are women,
having the gift of loving and being loved. Our boys are talking about them today. I give them the floor.
II. Information block
Petrarch and Laura
Lead 1.
Among thousands of women, there was only one.
My heart struck invisibly.
Only with the appearance of a good seraphim
She could match the beauty.
She was drawn to heavenly affairs,
All the bustle of the earth slid past.
Fire and cold painfully burning,
My soul stretched out its wings to her.
Host 2. These verses are dedicated to a woman named Laura. Her name is now known to the whole world as the name of the beloved of the great poet Francesco Petrarch. Throughout his life, the poet carried love for this woman. And in extreme old age, more than 40 years after the first meeting, he remembered the day and hour when he first saw her in church. Francesco fell in love with this blond beauty with black eyes at first sight, and for the rest of her life she became his muse. And the same day 21 years later became fatal: Laura's life was claimed by a merciless plague. All these years, Petrarch passionately loved this woman, although she was married, became the mother of 11 children, and in general, they saw each other only a few times, exchanging only fleeting glances. He loved her with spiritual love, honoring the lady of his heart as a model of perfection and purity, not daring to even dream of a sinful touch. Petrarch dedicated over 300 sonnets to Laura. From them you can make a diary of love. It was thanks to this unrequited love that Petrarch became a great lyricist. And any woman would like to be loved the way the great Petrarch loved the beautiful Laura.
Dante and Beatrice
Host 3. Beatrice. Beloved of the great Dante. Also ideal, platonic love.
This love became a source of eternal inspiration for the poet: Meanwhile, the poet and his muse saw each other only twice in their lives, exchanging a few words of greeting. They both lived in Florence, were neighbors and met one day at a magnificent May celebration. Dante was 9 years old, and Beatrice was only 8. The girl was wearing a red dress with a belt. Young Dante fell in love with her at first sight. But the holiday ended, and the next meeting took place 9 years later. Beatrice walked down the street, accompanied by two women. She greeted affably, and the poet was at the height of bliss.
Presenter 4. Children's love turned into romantic love. Beatrice soon died, but she forever remained for Dante the ideal of love and beauty. Dante dedicated the first books of poetry to Beatrice. He spoke of his love for her and mourned her departure from this world. But it seemed to him that this was not enough, and he swore that he would write a worthy poem in her honor, the best that had ever been dedicated to a woman. 27 years later, he fulfilled his promise by completing The Divine Comedy. This work describes the ascent of the soul from Hell to Paradise. The poet passes this dangerous path accompanied by the great Virgil, but he only brings him to Purgatory. And from there, Beatrice leads him to the gates of Paradise. So all his life the poet was led through life by love for this beautiful woman.
Taj Mahal
Presenter 5. The Taj Mahal mausoleum is one of the seven wonders of the world, the most beautiful building in India. The best architects of the East built it for 22 years by order of the Moslem king of the Moghuls Shah Jahan, whose name means "ruler of the world." This wonderful architectural structure became a monument of eternal love for a woman whose name was Mumtaz Mahal, which means "court decoration".
Shah Jahan, as he was respectfully called after his accession to the throne in 1628, had a large harem, as befits such a high ruler. But when Mumtaz Mahal appeared in it, the Shah stopped paying attention to other women. Mumtaz Mahal accompanied the Shah even on distant military campaigns, steadfastly enduring all the hardships with her husband. She was the only person the Shah had complete trust in. For 17 years of a happy marriage, they had 13 children. During the birth of the fourteenth child, the Shah's beloved wife died. The heartbroken emperor announced a two-year mourning in the country and soon decided to build a mausoleum at the burial site of his wife, symbolizing the fabulous beauty of his beloved woman...
Presenter 6. Not far from the mausoleum, Shah Jahan wanted to build a tomb for himself - the same, but from black marble. However, the country was ruined due to the unprecedented costs that were required for the construction of the mausoleum. The once powerful ruler lost power and spent the rest of his life in captivity. From the small window he could see only the white marble monument of his love. After his death, he was buried next to his wife. Now the mausoleum is one of the most visited places. There are always fresh flowers on the tombstones - in memory of eternal love.
"Moonlight Sonata"
Presenter 7. There is probably no person in the world who would not freeze at the sounds of Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata. Only love could give birth to these gentle, enchanting sounds. The 16-year-old student of the great composer, Countess Giulietta Guichardi was charming and frivolous and seemed to reciprocate Beethoven's tempestuous passion. He even hoped for marriage, although he was twice her age. But the frivolous beauty was soon carried away by the young count and got married. But the "Moonlight Sonata" remained. Remained as an expression of pure, deep, sincere feelings. And this music evokes the same feelings in listeners.
(A fragment of "Moonlight Sonata" by L. Beethoven sounds.)
Countess Sheremetyeva
Presenter 8. Another monument of great love can be found in Moscow. This is a magnificent palace, which now houses the Sklifosovsky Institute. Once this building housed the Hospice House, built by Count Nikolai Petrovich Sheremetev according to the will of his wife, the great Russian dramatic actress Praskovya Ivanovna Zhemchugova. She died literally immediately after the death of her son and before her death she asked her husband to build a hospital for the poor in her memory. And the count complied with her request. In this story, love also showed its miracle, but it was embodied not in poetic lines, not in marvelous sounds, but in the purification and exaltation of the human soul. Count Nikolai Petrovich Sheremetiev was a rich, luxurious 40-year-old handsome man. His favorite pastimes were hunting, horses and women. His father's estate had a fortress theatre, which was very popular. The count was passionately passionate about the theater, he himself selected talented children from his serfs, taught them music, dance, and performing arts.
Presenter 9. His future lover Praskovya Zhemchugova was one of the most talented actresses of the serf theater. Noticing the girl's talent, the count took up her education. Soon Zhemchugova became a real decoration of the theater. The life of serf actors was very difficult, and Praskovya often defended them from bullying and beatings. And the count, admired by the beauty, sincerity and kindness of the girl, fell in love with her. But soon the love of the count and the serf actress became known to the whole world. They were pursued by gossip, envy. And Praskovya herself was painfully worried about their sinful relationship. Secretly from the court, they got married, but Praskovya Zhemchugova stayed a little more than 3 years as Countess. In recent years, she no longer played, she could not go out into the world. Her only consolation was prayer and help for orphans and the poor. And the beautiful building, in which the Sheremetyevskaya Hospital for the Poor was opened after her death, has become a monument to this great and not very happy love.
"Wonderful Moment"
Leader 10.
I remember a wonderful moment:
You appeared before me
Like a fleeting vision
Like a genius of pure beauty.
Host 11. Surprisingly tender, pure, beautiful poetry. To whom are these magical lines dedicated? Who was the woman whom A.S. Pushkin called "the genius of pure beauty"? Her name was Anna Petrovna Kern. She did not have a very happy fate. At the age of 17, she was given in marriage to the 50-year-old General Kern, a rude and narrow-minded person. After the death of her husband, Anna joined her life with the one she loved, and was happy with him, although she lived in poverty. A.S. Pushkin first saw the young beauty in one of the St. Petersburg houses and was delighted with her beauty, grace and nobility. And after 6 years they met again in Mikhailovsky.
Presenter 10. In the neighborhood of Mikhailovsky, where Pushkin was serving a link, there was the village of Trigorskoye. Here, to her aunt, Anna Kern came to visit. Pushkin came to the neighbors more than once, read his poems, poems, and before Anna Petrovna left, he presented her with a printed chapter of Eugene Onegin. In the uncut pages lay a piece of note paper with verses...
I remember a wonderful moment...
After the departure of Anna Petrovna, Pushkin wrote her 7 letters (in French), full of love and admiration, which she carefully kept all her long life.
Varenka and Mikhail
Presenter 12. Varvara Alexandrovna Lopukhina - the deepest and secret love of Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov. She was the younger sister of his friend Alexei. In Moscow, the Lopukhins lived next door to Lermontov's grandmother. As a student, the poet was passionately in love with this young, sweet, intelligent and delightful girl. But then Lermontov moved to St. Petersburg, entered the cadet school. And 20-year-old Varenka, probably under pressure from her father, marries the landowner Bakhmetyev, who was 17 years older than her. Lermontov experienced the imminent marriage of Varenka hard. The bitterness of lost love for a long time colored his work in mournful tones. Everyone who read "Princess Mary" recognized the couple in the images of Vera and her husband.
Bakhmetievs. Many lines of the poet are connected with the image of Varenka. But he, not wanting to compromise the woman he loves, always encrypts her name. He also knows that her husband is terribly jealous, forcing her to destroy everything connected with Lermontov. Until the last day, Lermontov remembered V. Lopukhin. And on the day of the duel, he again remembered his beloved. Maybe the first poems that he dedicated to her.
Leader 13.
She is not proud beauty
Seduces the young men of the living,
She doesn't lead
A crowd of mute admirers.
And her camp did not camp the goddess,
And the chest does not rise in a wave,
And in it no one of his shrine,
Having crouched to the ground, he does not recognize.
However, all her movements
Smiles, speeches and features
So full of life, inspiration,
Like a memory of better days
And the heart loves and suffers,
Almost ashamed of his love.
Conclusion
Lead 14. Each of the creators had their own Beautiful Lady, their own Muse. It was thanks to these Muses that many masterpieces of art were born. Over the long years of human existence, people have learned to grow bread and graze cattle, discovered new lands and the laws of nature, learned to trade and kill each other, and accumulated huge reserves of hatred and mistrust. But they would never have been able to remain human if they had not learned to love. For only love, in the end, shows the true face of a person. Monuments of great love left by geniuses prove that love is stronger than death.
III. interactive conversation
Classroom teacher. You have heard several stories about women - sometimes the most ordinary, unremarkable ones, who, nevertheless, have gone down in history. All these women had the same talent - the talent to love and be loved. And this talent gave the man strength and energy for great things. Do you think that such girls and women can be found in our time? (Children's answers.)
Laura, Beatrice, Varenka Lopukhina - it was a platonic, ideal love that began in early youth at first sight and went through a lifetime. Is it possible to meet such love in our time? (Children's answers.)
Can you explain the riddle of these women? What could be in them that attracted geniuses? (Children's answers.)
And what does the modern ideal of a woman look like? (Children's answers.)
IV. Final word
Classroom teacher. The ideal of a woman, the ideal of beauty. For every time it is different. But at all times a woman and love were inseparable concepts. And even though many modern girls and women have become coarse, they are still worried about stories of eternal love, fidelity, all the same, everyone's heart contracts at the sounds of the Moonlight Sonata, and everyone wants to be loved, one and only.
1. Introductory word from the boys. Poems.
With a fragrant sprig of lilac
Spring comes to every home
We heartily congratulate you
Happy International Women's Day!
May the sun shine with joy today
Leaving a sheaf of great worries in the shadows,
And all the flowers in the world
Let them bloom today at your feet.
I congratulate the beautiful ladies
With the spring sun, birds singing
And with blue high, clear.
Let the decoration of your faces
A gentle smile will serve
The radiance of the gentle eye.
A trifle is my gift - just a postcard.
But, a sign that I think of you!
May women's day never end
Let the streams sing in your honor,
Let the sun smile at you
And men give you flowers.
With the first drop, with the last blizzard,
Happy early spring
Congratulations, we sincerely wish you
Joy, happiness, health, love!
2.Competitions.
1 competition. "Cinderella".
Which of the girls will quickly select beans from peas and buckwheat.
2 contest. "Money down the drain."
3 competition. "Wrap up the baby."
Who will wrap the “child” in a “diaper” (a boy in a roll of toilet paper) faster and more accurately.
4 competition. "Dress the child" or "Let's go for a walk with a girlfriend."
Two girls stand side by side, 2 hands (which are nearby) are tied to them. On command, with their left and right free hands, they should put on a scarf, mittens (gloves), put on shoes and tie shoelaces on the child. The winners are those who worked synchronously, did it quickly and accurately. Dress me!
You need to fasten the buttons on the boys' shirts, but do it in thick mittens.
5 competition. "Feed your son."
Blindfolded, the girls feed the boys sitting in front of them on a chair with biscuits, jam, porridge, etc. (optional). The one that feeds faster and more accurately wins.
Or:Unwrap candy in boxing gloves.
Feed the boys crackers, but do it with Chinese chopsticks.
6 Competition. "Best Stylist"
The girls go to the "salon" to get their hair done. "Stylists" boys braid their hair or do "hair", make-up, etc. (by agreement), give a name to their masterpiece. The winner is the one with the best hairstyle.
7 competition. " Accuracy - the politeness of kings!"
The host puts a few sweets on a chair under a napkin. The participant sits on a chair and, moving on it, tries to count with the fifth point how many candies are on the chair. The one who guesses correctly wins. The smaller the candy, the funnier the contest.
8 competition. "Theatrical".
Wishing contestants are given cards with a task that they perform without preparation. You need to walk in front of the tables like:
Woman with heavy bags;
Gorilla in a cage;
Sparrow on the roof;
Stork in the swamp;
Chicken in the yard;
Girl in a tight skirt with high heels;
A sentry guarding a food warehouse;
An infant who has just learned to walk;
A guy in front of an unfamiliar girl;
Alla Pugacheva during the performance of the song.
9 competition."Just sing!"
The facilitator asks each participant in the game to remember a well-known (must be) song, the text and melody of which must surely be popular with the general public. Players have 1-2 minutes to do this. Each song must consist of one verse and one chorus. The goal of the game is for each player to sing the remembered song to the end. Three participants in the game sing a song at the same time. At this time, each of them should not pay attention to the opponent's singing, stray or laugh. Anyone who laughs, mixes things up, or sings the longest is out of the game. After each round, the winner is determined, and the winners of all previous ones sing in the final round. Of course, the winner of the whole game is the one who never makes a mistake, laughs and sings longer than any of the opponents.
10 competition. "Oh my God, what a man!"
The girls take turns drawing parts of the man's body on a sheet of drawing paper. 1st draws the head, then the sheet is tucked up, 2nd draws the body, 3rd legs, 4th shoes. You can draw with humor. At the end, the drawing unfolds, and everyone sees the “standard” of a man. You can also draw a "model of a woman."
3.Giving gifts to girls. Tea drinking.
Class hour for 10-11 class. About women and International Women's Day
Among the various miracles that captivate and beckon,
The light of a distant star or the eternity of the gray-haired
pyramids,
There is one thing that will always stop
sight,
This is a woman, in her nature all the secrets
stores.
Despite the dominance of pain and evil,
Wonder Woman kept the house warm.
She brought colors and sounds into ordinary life,
In hard times, she was able to be a queen.
E. Asadov
Tasks
1. To acquaint students with the history of the appearance on the calendar of International Women's Day, with the role of women in the development of society.
2. Contribute to the formation of information culture of students, understanding of information as a means of developing their own horizons.
3. Cultivate a respectful attitude towards understanding the role of International Women's Day in the history of mankind.
Conduct form: information kaleidoscope.
Preparatory work
1. Prepare information about the history of International Women's Day.
2. Prepare a quiz on the topic.
3. Prepare interesting information about outstanding women of the country and the world.
4. Find articles about the unusual fate of women in the world.
5. Conduct a survey of students on the topic.
Questionnaire on the topic
1. When was International Women's Day established?
2. What was the reason for the appearance of International Women's Day on the calendar?
3. Do you think such a day is necessary?
4. What outstanding women of the country and the world can you name?
5. Can you name the monuments of the world dedicated to women?
Information hour progress
I. Main body
Classroom teacher. Every year on March 8, we celebrate International Women's Day. Today we will get acquainted with the history of this holiday, interesting facts associated with it, learn about the fate of some women who have contributed to the history of the women's movement.
I want to give the floor to students who have information and facts from the history of the holiday.
The students who prepared the information hour come out.
Student 1. Before we introduce you to information and interesting facts about the organization and celebration of International Women's Day, I would like to thank all the women for having this day on the calendar. You will ask why? Yes, because thanks to this day, the World Men's Day, which is celebrated on November 1, appeared on the calendar.
Student 2. Of course, this day did not appear without the intervention of women. In general, the history of the women's holiday goes deep into antiquity, into the history of Persia. It was there, one might say, that the women's movement was born and gave its sprouts.
Student Z. And here's how it happened. The Persian king Xerxes had a beloved wife, Esther. She came from an old Jewish family, but her husband did not know about it. Based on the denunciation of his close associates, King Xerxes wanted to exterminate all the Jews who inhabited the state. Queen Esther turned the royal decree against the Persians themselves, and in honor of her wisdom, a day was approved in the Jewish calendar, which fell on the day of 13 Adar (this spring month has no exact date) and which began to be celebrated as the modern Jewish holiday of Purim, or Passover.
Pupil 4. And the thing is that the tradition associated with Esther, the wife of King Xerxes, was continued by her descendants. The famous revolutionary and fighter for women's rights Clara Zetkin, speaking at an international conference of women in 1910, proclaimed the idea of celebrating March 8 every year as the birthday of the women's movement in the struggle for their rights. Clara Zetkin, who knew ancient history well, decided to perpetuate the feat of the Persian queen Esther, who, with her feminine wisdom, saved the Jewish people from extermination. In 1910, this day, March 8, was just the day of the celebration of the holiday of Purim. That is why the spring holiday of March 8 is often associated with the celebration of Easter.
Classroom teacher. And yet, with what specific events is the desire of the women of the world to have their own holiday connected?
Student 1. I propose to restore the chronology of this holiday. That's how it was. In 1857, New Yorkers who worked in textile mills marched through the streets of their hometown to protest low wages and appalling working conditions. Their initiative was supported by the women of Europe.
Student 2. Thanks to these performances in New Zealand in 1867, women taxpayers received the right to vote in local elections, and in 1893 in parliamentary elections.
Student Z. In 1869-1896. women won the right to vote in four American states: Wyoming, Colorado, Idaho and Utah.
Student 4. On March 8, 1908, at the call of the Social Democratic Women's Organization of New York, a rally was held with slogans about women's equality.
Student 1. In 1909, the Socialist Party of America first declared a national women's day, which was celebrated until 1913 on the last Sunday in February. In 1909 it was February 28th.
Student 2. In 1910, the German socialist Clara Zetkin, during the Second International Socialist Women's Conference, held on August 27 in Copenhagen as part of the 8th Congress of the 2nd International, proposed establishing a day for the struggle for women's rights.
Student Z. And on March 8, 1911, rallies were held in Australia, Germany, Switzerland, and Denmark demanding that women be given equal rights with men. So this day has received international recognition.
Student 4. In 1912, the holiday was celebrated on May 12 in the same countries. In 1913, in Germany, women rallied on March 12, and in Austria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Switzerland, Holland - on March 9, in France and Russia - on March 2.
Classroom teacher. How did this day appear in the Russian calendar?
Student 1. In Russia, the celebration of March 8 has become a tradition since 1913. To this day, on this holiday, the entire female population of our country, regardless of age, education, religion, receives congratulations from men.
Student 2. In 1917, on February 23, according to the old style, or March 8, according to the new style, women’s demonstrations were held in Petrograd with the slogans “Bread and Peace!” The next day, the workers of the Putilov factory joined the strike, clashes with the police began. And on February 27, the general workers' strike turned into an armed uprising.
Student Z. In July 1917, the Provisional Government announced that the right to participate in elections to the Constituent Assembly belongs to all Russian citizens of both sexes who have reached the age of 20 by the time of the elections. However, the matter was not limited to the right to vote. The Constitution of the RSFSR of 1918 includes an article on the complete equality of women and men.
Pupil 4. In 1918-1919. women gained the right to vote in Germany, Austria, Hungary, the Netherlands, Canada, Poland, Sweden, Luxembourg, Czechoslovakia, and in 1920 in the USA.
Student 1. However, I want to note that during the First World War, the day of struggle for women's rights was not celebrated.
Student 2. In 1921, by decision of the 2nd Communist Women's Conference, it was decided to celebrate March 8 in memory of the women's strike in St. Petersburg on March 8, 1917, which served as the beginning of the February Revolution.
Student 3. Starting from 1966, in accordance with the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 8, 1965, March 8 became a holiday and non-working day.
In the USSR, this day ceased to be a political holiday, it became the day of all women.
Student 4. Since 1975, the UN, in connection with the International Year of Women, has declared March 8 as International Women's Day.
Student 1. In 1977, the UN General Assembly proposed that states declare, in accordance with their traditions and customs, any day of the year as the Day of Struggle for Women's Rights and International Peace. This decision was made in connection with the International Year of Women, as well as the International Decade of Women, which took place from 1976 to 1985.
Student 2. Currently, events dedicated to the Day of Struggle for Women's Rights and International Peace are timed by the UN to coincide with March 8th.
Classroom teacher. Deciding to start fighting for women's rights - not everyone will decide on such a thing. Who were these women who led the women's movement? Can you talk about it?
Students talk about the founder of the women's movement, Clara Zetkin. The story is accompanied by a presentation.
Student 1. Speaking about the struggle of women for their rights, it is necessary to say about Clara Zetkin, or Clara Eissner, whose name in modern history is mentioned extremely sharply or not mentioned at all.
Student 2. Clara Eissner was born in the city of Wiederau, which is located in German Saxony, in the family of a teacher. She received her education at a private pedagogical school in Leipzig, where she became close to a circle of Russian revolutionary emigrant students, including her future husband Osip Zetkin.
Student 3. Participating in the labor and women's movement, she joined the Socialist Workers' Party, which since 1890 was called the Social Democratic Party of Germany. Then there was forced emigration, first to Zurich, then to Paris.
It was there that she played an important role in the founding of the 2nd International and prepared a speech for its Constituent Congress on the role of women in the revolutionary struggle.
Pupil 4. In the midst of her revolutionary struggle, she marries Osip Zetkin, from that time she bears her husband's surname. Only in 1890 was Zetkin able to return to Germany. In the Motherland, she directed all her strength to the struggle for equal rights for women.
Along with theoretical discussions, Zetkin was practically involved in the struggle for the relaxation of labor laws for women and the granting of universal suffrage.
Student 1. From 1891 to 1917 she edited the newspaper of the Social Democratic Party of Germany for women "Equality". It was at this time that she turned the social democratic women's movement in Germany into one of the strongest in Europe. Starting in 1907, she headed the women's department created under the SPD.
Student 2. During the First World War, Clara Zetkin, along with other representatives of the radical wing of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, condemned the granting of loans by the government for the war. She was one of the organizers of the anti-war conference in Berlin in 1915 and was repeatedly arrested for her speeches against the imperialist war.
Student 3. Clara Zetkin was a member of the Spartak Union, on the basis of which the Communist Party of Germany was founded on December 31, 1918 - January 1, 1919.
In 1920-1933, throughout the existence of the Weimar Republic, the German revolutionary represented the Communist Party in the German Reichstag.
From 1919 to 1929 she was a member of the Central Committee of the KKE. In parallel, she was employed in the Executive Committee of the Comintern, headed its International Women's Secretariat, as well as the International Organization for Assistance to Revolutionary Fighters, established in 1922.
Pupil 4. From the moment of its inception, Clara Zetkin strongly condemned fascism. In 1932, while chairing the Reichstag, she issued an appeal to resist Nazism by all means. After the Reichstag fire and Hitler's rise to power, left-wing parties in Germany were banned, Zetkin went into exile for the last time, this time to the Soviet Union.
Student 1. Few people today know that she died in 1933 in Arkhangelsk near Moscow. After her death, she was cremated, the ashes were placed in an urn in the Kremlin wall on Red Square in Moscow.
Student 2. At one time, a postage stamp dedicated to Clara Zetkin was issued in Germany, streets in Russian cities were named after her.
Student 3. Interestingly, Clara Zetkin gave Russian names to her two sons - Maxim and Konstantin.
Pupil 4. She loved our country very much, which became a haven for her after her exile. Living in Arkhangelsk, she looked after roses, talked a lot with delegations of women who turned to her on issues of the women's movement.
Classroom teacher. Imagine that, perhaps, without this woman, the issues of the women's movement would not have been resolved for a long time not only in our country, but also in many countries of the world. What other famous women were women's rights activists?
The second group comes out, preparing a story and a presentation about Dolores Ibarruri.
Student 1. This woman could become famous only thanks to one phrase she said, which speaks about her character, attitude to life, herself and people.
Student 2. It is to her that the words belong: "It is better to die standing than to live on your knees."
Student 3. Dolores Ibarruri, Passionaria - in Spanish "fiery", "passion flower". She was born in Spain. Dolores Ibarruri was a prominent figure in the Spanish and international labor movement, the leader of the Spanish communists, an active participant in the republican movement during the Spanish Civil War in 1936-1939.
Student 4. For a long time she lived in the Soviet Union, and in 1960 she even received Soviet citizenship.
Student 1. Her only son Ruben participated in the Great Patriotic War and died near Stalingrad in 1942, defending our country from the Nazis.
Student 2. From 1942 to 1960, Dolores Ibarruri was the General Secretary of the Spanish Communist Party, and from 1960 until the end of his life, its chairman.
Student 3. She returned to her native Spain only in 1977 under King Juan Carlos and was elected to the Spanish Parliament.
Pupil 4. Short lines of biography, behind which is a big and very complicated life. Her autobiographical book The Only Way has been translated into Russian, French, Italian, German, English and other languages. Also known is her autobiography "No Pasaran" ("They will not pass"), published in 1966.
Dolores Ibarruri, one of the founders of the Women's International Democratic Federation, took an active part in the international democratic women's movement.
Student 1. She is a laureate of the International Lenin Prize "For strengthening peace between peoples." Professor at Moscow State University. A street in Yekaterinburg is named after her.
Classroom teacher. Women at all times fought for their rights and knew how to defend them. Even looking into myths and legends, we will get acquainted with the fair sex, who tirelessly fight for their rights. It is not surprising that many mythological figures are feminine.
Let's get to know them and try to guess what mythological character we are talking about.
Students come out with drawings that they do not show until the guys guess and name the mythological character.
Student 1. Let's start with the simplest. Let me introduce you to a representative of mythology who is a fighter for her rights, sometimes she can come to the rescue in a difficult life situation. So, the first character.
Forest old woman-sorceress, witch, sorceress. The character of the fairy tales of the Eastern and Western Slavs. She lives in the forest, in a hut on chicken legs. One of her legs is made of bones, she sees badly, she flies around the world in a mortar. In most fairy tales, she is the opponent of the hero, but sometimes his assistant and giver. (Baba Yaga.)
Student 2. Now the second character.
These are air maidens that protect people from ghouls. The Slavs believed that they live near the house and protect the house and its inhabitants from evil spirits. Cheerful, playful and attractive creatures, singing enchanting songs with delightful voices. In early summer, under the moonlight, they circle in round dances on the banks of reservoirs. Where they run and frolic, there the grass grows thicker and greener, and in the field the bread will be born more abundantly. (Beregini.)
Student Z. And here's another character. According to ancient legends, a woman who sold her soul to the devil. In the south she is more attractive, often a young widow; in the north - an old woman, fat as a tub, with gray hair, bony hands and a huge blue nose.
It differs from other women in that it has a small tail and has the ability to fly through the air on a broomstick, a poker, in a mortar. He goes to his dark deeds without fail through the chimney, can turn into different animals, most often a magpie, a pig, a dog and a yellow cat. It gets older and younger with the month. A well-known gathering place for these women on the Kupala night is in Kyiv on Bald Mountain. (Witch.)
Pupil 4. But the task is more difficult. Slavic goddess of water. A fair-faced river girl, murmuring her cheerful song. She will give a drink to a tired traveler, and wash the wound of a warrior, and having risen into the sky, she will fall with blessed rain on the fields. She was revered as a bright and kind goddess, giving life to all living things. From her name come the names of the rivers - Dnieper, Dniester, Danube, Dvina, Donets. Her name is complex and consists of two syllables that mean "water" and "nenya" - "mother". Special honors were paid to this goddess during the Kupala holidays. (Dana.)
Student 1. And I want to offer another, no less famous character from children's fairy tales, fiction. In Slavic fairy tales, this is a wonderful bird that flies from the thirtieth kingdom. And this kingdom is fabulously rich lands, which were dreamed of in ancient times. The color of this bird is golden, and it lives in a golden cage. It can be assumed that the bird is associated with other mythological characters: Rarog, Fire Serpent. Sometimes in fairy tales this bird acts as a kidnapper. (Firebird.)
Student 2. Her name is mentioned in many poems and songs. She is the goddess of love, the patroness of the family, the hearth, the goddess of youth, beauty, fertility. Femininity itself, tender, melodious, fair-haired, in white clothes, she will bring the guy to the sweet one in the Kupala night in a round dance, and hide the stepdaughter from the evil stepmother under the branches when she gathers to meet her friend. In young families, it supports the hearth: sometimes it just smolders, and she throws up a twig, waves her clothes - the hearth flares up, touches the hearts of the unreasonable with warmth - and again the harmony in the family. (Lada.)
Student 3. It is named after one of the days of the week. This is a female deity, the patroness of Friday. It also favors youth games with songs and dances. Appears in white clothes and guards the wells. Where it is depicted on plank roofs, there is healing water. In order not to dry out her grace, in ancient times, women secretly made a sacrifice to her - sheep's wool on an apron. In Belarus, the custom has been preserved to make statues of her from wood and pray to her for rain on a dark night. (Paraskeva Friday, or Virgo-Five.)
Pupil 4. How many poems and songs are dedicated to this female image! She is the maiden of the waters, according to other legends, the wife of the Waterman.
This is a tall beautiful girl living at the bottom of a reservoir. At night, she, along with her friends, splashes on the surface of the water, sits on a mill wheel, and dives. The maiden of the waters can tickle the passer-by to death or take her away. As a rule, they are girls who drowned themselves from unhappy love or were drowned by their stepmothers. According to legends, she can marry a man, but this marriage is always unsuccessful. (Mermaid.)
Student 1. This character of legends and tales associated with female images is the most popular in our time. And how many films are dedicated to him! She, according to some legends, is the daughter of Frost, according to others - his granddaughter. Kind, not as tough as Frost. Sometimes in the summer he lives with people and helps them. (Snow Maiden.)
Classroom teacher. You and I once again made sure that even in legends and tales the role of female images is great. They give life, save, help, protect, heal, pity and love.
And what is it like today in the life of a woman - our contemporary? What does he live? What does he do? How does he solve professional and life issues?
Students come out and lead a tour of a gallery of photographs of women who have achieved success in their professional activities.
The first group of students leaves.
Student 1. We decided to learn about the life and work of the remarkable women of Russia and the world, who today know and honor their International Women's Day, which is included in the calendar of memorable dates. Thanks to them, women, fighters for peace and justice, life becomes better, kinder and cleaner.
Student 2. Here is one of those that we wanted to talk about on the eve of International Women's Day.
Student 3. Marina Lavrentievna Popovich - lieutenant general of the Cossack troops.
Pupil 4. A woman who surprisingly organically fit into the primordially male profession and is devoted to her all her life.
Student 1. So, we begin our story (opens the portrait of M.J1. Popovich).
Student 2. Who will believe that this woman is a pilot and general, screenwriter and director?
Student 3(accompanies the story with a presentation). She was born on July 20, 1931 on the Leonenki farm in the Velizh district of the Smolensk region.
Since childhood, she dreamed of the sky. In 1951, her dream came true, she graduated from an aviation technical school in Novosibirsk, then - a DOSAAF technical school in Saransk. After there was a Moscow branch of the Kyiv Aviation Institute. But even this was not enough for her - she conquered the Leningrad Academy of Civil Aviation. The most surprising thing is that she, a candidate of technical sciences, is engaged not only in technology, but also in creativity, studying at the State Institute of Theater Arts.
Pupil 4. If we consider her professional activities, then you think: what this woman does would be more than enough for five people.
In 1964 she became a test pilot. She was the commander of the An-12 ship. She was the first woman to break the sound barrier in a MiG-21 jet fighter, earning her the nickname "Madame MiG" in foreign media. In the summer of 1965, on an RV aircraft with two turbojet engines, she set a world record for the speed of flights of aircraft of this class, passing a closed 2000-kilometer route at an average speed of 737.28 km / h.
On September 20, 1967, the American Jacqueline Cochran exceeded the world record by flying on an RV plane along the route Volgograd - Moscow - Astrakhan - Volgograd 2510 km, 344 km. She set 10 world records as the commander of the giant Antey airship (An-22). In the last record flight, the crew led by her covered a distance of 1000 km at a speed exceeding 600 km / h, with a load of 50 tons.
Until 1978, she served as a military test pilot in an aviation research institute in the city of Vladimirsky, Astrakhan region.
Student 1. Just imagine her track record!
For five years she was a pilot-athlete in DOSAAF, worked as an instructor at the Central Aeroclub named after. V.P. Chkalov.
Since 1979, she worked for five years as a lead test pilot for General Designer Antonov in his Design Bureau in Kyiv.
She was the president of the VERSTO flight association in Tushino.
Later, she headed the airline "Converse Avia" under the Ministry of Aviation Industry.
Works in the center of A.E. Akimov, who deals with torsion fields.
He is vice-rector of the International Institute of Management (MIU) for patriotic work.
President of the International Academy of Energy Inversions. PC. Oshchepkova.
Vice-President of NGO "International Fund "Health of the Fatherland"".
Student 2. The military rank of Marina Lavrentievna is Air Force Colonel Engineer, Lieutenant General of the Cossack troops. Marina Lavrentievna is an experienced test pilot. She took part in the first selection of women - candidates for astronauts. Passed a stationary medical examination as part of the second group of nine people in February-March 1962. She is a test pilot of the 1st class, the author of 101 world records on various types of machines, the total flight time is more than 6 thousand hours on 40 types of aircraft, deserved master of sports of the USSR.
Student 3. In addition, Marina Lavrentyevna is a passionate and enthusiastic person. She is the author and co-author of nine books, including a collection of poems. She is the author of the following books:
. "Life is an eternal takeoff";
. "Walking in two swings";
. "Sisters of Icarus";
. "Start above the clouds";
. "Autograph in the sky";
. "UFO over planet Earth".
Hero of Socialist Labor;
Order of the Badge of Honor and two more orders of the USSR;
Gold and silver medals to them. S.P. Queen and large FAI gold medal;
She is a full member of the Platonic Academy of Sciences (France), a full member of the Petrovsky Academy of Sciences and Arts (St. Petersburg), a full member of the International Theological Academy, a member of the Academy of Security, Defense and Law Enforcement Problems, a member of the Writers' Union of Russia. A star in the constellation Cancer is named after her.
Marina Lavrentievna is fond of studying UFOs, dreams of building airships.
Classroom teacher. One fate ... How many interesting things we have now learned! You listen and do not believe that this is a story about one woman! It is hard to even imagine that a woman can reach such heights in an absolutely male profession.
The second group comes out and opens the portrait on the board.
Student 1. And we want to talk about a woman who is a representative of the Muslim world, lives in the East. It is generally accepted that the lot of Eastern women is only home and family. UAE Minister of Economy Sheikha Lubna bint Khaled Al Qasimi completely refutes this opinion.
Student 2. UAE Minister of Economy Sheikha Lubna bint Khaled Al Qasimi has been included in Forbes magazine's list of the 100 most powerful women in the world.
Among the merits of the first woman of the United Arab Emirates, who in 2004 was entrusted with the portfolio of a minister, the magazine notes ensuring transparency in the management of the national economy, negotiating skills, clear planning of trade relations, and increasing the authority of the country.
Student 3. Sheikha Lubna is included in the top 100 outstanding women of the world along with three other prominent representatives of the Arab countries. Among them are the Jordanian Queen Rania, the wife of the Emir of Qatar, Sheikh Mouza Al-Misned, and the chairman of the Kuwaiti Global Investment Fund, Maha Al-Guneim.
Pupil 4. Sheikha Lubna belongs to the ancient ruling dynasty of the emirate of Sharjah. She studied in the USA and was the first representative of this country to go abroad to study. She studied computer technology in the States and became a programmer. Upon returning to the country from California in 1981, the current minister worked in her specialty in the seaport of Dubai and, according to the local press, made a great contribution to improving its work.
Student 1. By the time of the widespread use of information technology, the first UAE programmer was already a well-known specialist, had her own company and intended to do scientific work.
Student 2. Becoming at the age of 40 with a small first woman - a member of the government of the United Arab Emirates, Sheikha Lubna broke the shackles of medieval traditions and became an example of female success in male society in the East.
Student Z. During her tenure at the ministry, in a favorable global environment, annual per capita income in the UAE rose by more than 15% to over $28,000 in 2005.
Pupil 4. Her example was followed by many women of the East. Today, young women in the Arab countries are fighting for rights in the same way that the women of Europe once did.
The next group of students comes out.
Student 1. Our portrait gallery of women - fighters for their rights and for the rights of their people would be incomplete if we did not talk about the Russian princess Olga.
Student 2. Someone may say that Princess Olga has little to do with International Women's Day, but we will not agree with this. The strength and power of women like Princess Olga contributed to the fact that women at all times fought for their rights and thus influenced the women's movement.
Student 3. In the history of Russia there are several beautiful female names. One of them is the Grand Duchess Olga, whom the chroniclers called cunning, the church considers a saint, and historians consider her wise.
Scientists have not yet come to a consensus about the origin of the princess. It is only known for certain that she was a native of those places where ancient Pskov is now located. According to legend, this city arose at the request of Olga. It was as if she loved to ride a horse along the shores of lakes or to walk on a boat along the clear, wide river Velikaya. During one of the walks, she stopped on the shore and looked around. Clouds swept across the sky, blocking the sun. Suddenly, light shone from behind the clouds, illuminating with marvelous rays a stone cape that rose at the confluence of the Velikaya and Pskov rivers. Admiring the beauty of her native nature, the princess said: “There will be a temple of the Holy Trinity and the city is great, glorious and in all abundance ...”
Pupil 4. Olga's name indicates that most likely she was born in a Varangian family. The chronicle preserved information that she was a beautiful girl, therefore, after the death of Prince Oleg, Prince Igor, who inherited the throne of Kyiv, married her after the first meeting. From that time on, she became Princess Olga. Soon their only son Svyatoslav was born. Probably, Olga saw little of her husband, who was constantly on campaigns, waged endless wars and collected tribute from the tribes subject to him. During the collection of polyudya from the tribe of the Drevlyans in 945, Prince Igor was killed. Olga had no choice but to take over after her husband, since the heir was still too small.
Student 1. From the Tale of Bygone Years, we know that Olga took revenge on the Drevlyans for the murder of her husband. First, she tricked the Drevlyan ambassadors into a trap and destroyed them. Then, with her army, she went to fight the Drevlyans, burned their settlements and imposed a heavy tribute. Then the Drevlyan capital city of Iskorosten was burned.
After the conquest of the Drevlyans, Olga began to strengthen the princely power. She set the amount of tribute and dues, indicated the places of their collection, and until now, echoes of her name have been preserved in the names of villages and churchyards. So, on the Dnieper there is the village of Olzhichi, and in the North - Olgin churchyard.
Student 2. It should be noted that the time of her reign was characterized by a calm, measured life. In any case, in the annals there is no mention of victorious campaigns and bloody battles that would have taken place at that time. In Russia, a short period of “silence and reconciliation” was established, as the Russian historian N.M. Karamzin.
Student 3. But this did not mean at all that the ruler was not interested in foreign affairs. Like Oleg, she sought to increase the prestige of Russia, although she achieved her goal not by military means, but by peaceful means. In order to strengthen contacts with other states, in particular with Byzantium, Princess Olga decided to be baptized. It was a very important and wise step. Baptism not only equalized Olga with the rulers of other countries, but also allowed her to occupy a special position. After all, she was baptized in Byzantium, and the emperor himself became her godfather.
Pupil 4. After returning from Constantinople, she retired from public affairs, transferring power to her son Svyatoslav. She devoted the last years of her life to the promotion of Christianity, under her leadership several churches were built at that time. Therefore, after her death, Olga became the first Russian woman to be canonized as a saint. The Orthodox Church also recognized Princess Olga Equal to the Apostles, which is a worthy assessment of her activities.
The next group of students comes out with a portrait of M.A. Andreeva.
Student 1. And we invite you again today. The woman we want to talk about is a professor, doctor of geographical sciences, academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences.
She lives in Chelyabinsk, but her achievements are known to the world. This is Maria Andreevna Andreeva.
Student 2. Since 1958, she has been the head of the Department of Physical Geography of the Chelyabinsk State Pedagogical Institute. During all the years of work at the institute, he conducts scientific research on the problems of the hydrometeorological regime of the Urals. The relevance of her work is determined by the great national economic importance of the water resources of the Urals, especially the Trans-Urals, which is experiencing a large shortage of fresh water.
Student 3. She defended her Ph.D. thesis on the topic "Physical and geographical features of the lakes of the Southern Urals and their economic use." Further scientific work was aimed at studying long-term fluctuations in the hydrological regime of lakes and the meteorological factors that determine it.
In 2000, Maria Andreeva was included in the number of one hundred outstanding women in the world. Her name is included in the international directory "Who is who". This decision was taken by the international council of the Biographical Institute of America. Honored Scientist, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Honorary Member of the Geographical Society of Russia, Maria Andreeva was awarded this for her great contribution to science. She is the author of about 180 scientific papers, including books, textbooks and articles on physical geography, hydrology and ecology of the Urals.
Student 4. In the new academic year, Chelyabinsk schoolchildren were able to study the geography of their region using a new textbook. Its author is a world-famous geographer Maria Andreeva, a woman who discovered the geography of the Urals to the world.
Classroom teacher. We could continue the story about the outstanding women of Russia and the world. However, I am now announcing a Who's Who quiz dedicated to women who must be remembered on International Women's Day. They lived and live on different continents. They are strong, smart, talented, persistent, their contribution to the development of science and culture is enormous.
Women Quiz
1. She won the election brilliantly. As chancellor, ten years in a row tops the list of the hundred most powerful women in the world. (Angela Merkel, Chancellor of Germany.)
2. Among the companions of great people, she occupies a special place: to her alone two world geniuses devoted their art and themselves without a trace, proudly declaring for many years: “Gala is my only muse, my genius and my life.” Confessing: “Without her, I am nobody,” neither Paul Eluard nor Salvador Dali were cunning: numerous testimonies leave no doubt - if she were not there, the world would be left without their masterpieces. (Gala, or Elena Dmitrievna Dyakonova.)
3. For a long time she worked in the Government of Russia, being a Deputy Prime Minister. Soon she won the elections and became the governor of one of the most important cities in Russia. Heading the government of this city, she does everything possible to preserve its glory and greatness, laid down by Peter the Great. (Governor of St. Petersburg Valentina Matvienko.)
4. She owns the glory of the world's first female astronaut. She began her working biography in the city of Yaroslavl. From an ordinary weaver to an astronaut - the road is not easy, but she passed it with honor. (Valentina Tereshkova.)
5. A small number of people know that Russian scientists have made the greatest contribution to the fight against herpes virus infections. And first of all, the fight against this virus is associated with the name of a famous woman who invented one of the best medicines for the treatment of herpes - acyclovir. (Gertrude Elion.)
6. This woman has made a huge contribution to the formation of the democratic traditions of Pakistan. However, her fame in politics, her ability to reach every person in resolving political issues aroused the hatred of the opposition circles in Pakistan. She was killed a few years ago. (Former Pakistani President Benazir Bhutto.)
7. Humanity should be grateful to this woman for the discovery of DNA. Half a century ago, in the spring of 1953, hundreds of thousands of people were excited by a series of articles in the journal Natura about the discovery of the structure of DNA, the substance of heredity. (Rosalind Franklin.)
8. The amazing life of this woman, marked either by luxury or poverty, was full of violent passions and terrible tragedies. She was respected for her skill and talent. She was envied - for the love of the public, the independence of behavior, the patronage of the powers that be. And her romance with Sergei Yesenin, closeness to Yesenin's entourage and admiration for the revolution in Russia are remembered even more often than the bright creative life of the great barefoot dancer. (Isadora Duncan.)
9. They love and hate her, curse and envy her, admire her intelligence and cunning, seek friendship with her not only in her country, but also in other countries of the world. Her hairstyle has become the subject of discussion by politicians, journalists and ... comedians, and her actions are unpredictable. (Yulia Tymoshenko is a former Prime Minister of Ukraine.)
10. A well-known journalist, a person who paid great attention to the coverage of problems related to the life of people in hot spots. She took someone else's tragedy as her own. Her articles were expected, they were feared, they hoped that after she told the truth in the newspaper, everything would change. Did not work out. She, a well-known journalist, was killed meanly, on the sly. (Journalist Anna Politkovskaya.)
Classroom teacher. Our quiz can be endless. So many women of the planet Earth have done so that humanity remembers the fair sex, not only on International Women's Day, so many glorious female names are inscribed in the history of the women's movement of the planet. Students come out prepared to read the poem.
Student 1. Many poets and writers have sung the woman in their works, but now, by the way, E. Asadov's poem "Woman" will sound, with which we want to end the story about International Women's Day.
In the mountains, on a rock, dreaming of debauchery,
Treason sat, thin and angry.
And next to the cherry sat Love,
Dawn gold in braids weaving.
Student 2.
Gathering fruits and roots in the morning,
They rested by the mountain lakes
And always waged an endless dispute -
With a smile, one, and the other with contempt.
Student 3.
One said: “The world needs
Loyalty, integrity and purity.
We are bright, kind should be -
That's the beauty!"
Student 4.
Another shouted: “Empty dreams!
Who will thank you for this?
Here, right, bellies will tear from laughter
Even mindless fish!
Student 1.
Once such they raised a cry,
That the shaggy old man woke up in anger,
Great sorcerer, irritable grandfather,
Slept in a cave for three thousand years.
Student 2.
And the old man barked: “What kind of war is this?!
I'll show you how to wake the sorcerer!
So here's to ending all your strife,
I will fuse you together for all time!”
Student 3.
He grabbed Love with a magical hand,
He seized Treason with another hand
And threw them into a jar, green as the sea,
And then there - and joy, and sorrow,
And fidelity, and anger, kindness, and dope,
And pure truth, and vile deceit.
Student 4.
As soon as he put the jug on the fire,
Smoke rose over the forest like a black tent,
Higher and higher, to the mountain peaks,
The old man looks at the jug with curiosity:
When everything is melted down, tormented, What the hell will happen there? The jug is getting cold. The experience is ready.
A crack ran along the bottom
Then it broke into a hundred pieces
And a woman appeared.
II. Summarizing. Determining the theme of the next information hour
Class hour "International Women's Day"
Presentation by private message
1.
March 8
The song of the stream is not yet heard,
The lark trill does not pour,
But the sun is brighter and drops
Tells us: "Spring is coming!"
Spring is coming. And let it not be hot
But with her, like a summer shadow, -
International Women's Day,
Comes to us on March 8! He is a holiday of affection, beauty,
Love, hope and dreams. I congratulate my friend
And I sincerely wish you to be more beautiful than spring!
2.
On this day March 8
We wish you well
A lot of joy and happiness, always be beautiful,
Live life without regrets
Do not know insults, losses,
May excellent health
It will be the best award ever!
3.
We sincerely wish you
For the sun to play
For the birds to sing to you
Serenade about love
And what was little praised,
No need to be offended.
We wish you success
Both in love and in service,
So that you keep in families
Respect and friendship.
Beauty and health
you for many years.
May joy come to you, and adversity pass.
4.
With all my heart we wish you
May your life be bright
Let it be strewn with roses
Your life path to the end.
We wish you truth, happiness, kindness
Extraordinary and come true dreams
We wish light, we wish stars
We wish you laughter and happy tears.
5.
All about March 8
6.
History of occurrence
This holiday arose as a day of struggle for the rights of women. On March 8, 1857, in New York City, women workers in the clothing and shoe factories demonstrated to demand better working conditions and equal rights with men.
In 1910, at the International Conference of Women Socialists in Copenhagen, Clara Zetkin made a proposal to celebrate International Women's Day on March 8, which sounded like a call to all women in the world to join the struggle for equality. In 1911, this holiday was first celebrated on March 19 in Austria, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland.
In 1977, the UN adopted resolution 32/142, calling on all countries to proclaim March 8 as a day of struggle for women's rights - International Women's Day.
7.
March 8 and Purim
Some historians claim that Clara Zetkin associated March 8 with the Jewish holiday of Purim, which fell on that date in 1910. Purim is celebrated in honor of Queen Esther at the turning point from winter to spring.
In 480 BC, after the end of the Babylonian captivity of the Jews, everyone could return to Jerusalem. But thousands of Jews decided to stay in the cities of the Persian Empire and, moreover, in a position that was by no means slavish. The current situation eventually began to surprise the Persians. The Persian minister of defense, General Haman, told King Xerxes about his observations. Xerxes' reaction was decisive - to exterminate all the Jews. His wife, Queen Esther, found out about the plan of Xerxes, who hid her Jewish origin from the king. She, using the love of the king for herself, by cunning saves her people from destruction.
8.
March 8 in Ancient Rome
Already in ancient Rome there was a women's day. On this day, married matrons (free-born women) received gifts from their husbands and were surrounded by love and attention. Slaves also received gifts. In addition, the mistress of the house allowed the slaves to rest on this day. Dressed in the best clothes, with fragrant wreaths on their heads, Roman women came to the temple of the goddess Vesta, the keeper of the hearth.
A wonderful day of love, beauty, spring, dedicated to women, was considered festive by them for many centuries.
9.
March 8 in Russia
In Russia, the celebration of International Women's Day became a tradition almost immediately after the moment of "invention", from March 2, 1913. This holiday was brought to Russia by the Menshevik Alexandra Kollontai. Russian women seized with both hands the opportunity to finally equalize their rights with men.
Since 1918, International Women's Day on March 8 has become a public holiday. Since 1965, this day has become a non-working day. There was also his festive ritual. On this day, at solemn events, the state reported to the society on the implementation of state policy towards women.
Today, International Women's Day has lost its political overtones. Now March 8 is the holiday of Spring, Love and Beauty. This day in Russia is non-working.
10.
March 8 in different countries
International Women's Day is declared a national holiday on:
Russia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Ukraine, Belarus, Abkhazia; Uzbekistan (like Mother's Day);
Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Angola, Burkina Faso, Guinea-Bissau, Cambodia, China, Congo (there is a holiday not of “international”, but Congolese women), Laos, Nepal, North Korea, Vietnam and Uganda.
March 8 is celebrated as International Women's Day and is a working day in countries such as Germany, France, Italy, Denmark, Austria, Poland, Romania, Lithuania, etc.
In Syria, March 8 is celebrated as the Day of the Revolution, and in Liberia - and at all as the Day of Remembrance of the Fallen.
11.
How is March 8th celebrated?
Italy. Italian women do not celebrate March 8 together with men. They gather in women's groups and go to a restaurant or cafe.
Sweden. In this country, on March 8, it is customary for women to give books as gifts.
Colombia. In Bogotá (the capital of Colombia) on March 8, men are forbidden to appear on the streets so as not to spoil the holiday for the weaker sex.
China. In this country, men, as proof of their love, must prove themselves as exquisite cooks. On March 8, all Chinese ladies have a legal day off. When their husbands leave for work in the morning, they go to city parks and have fun without men.
Russia. Traditionally, women and girls are congratulated on March 8. They give flowers, souvenirs, perfumes, etc.
Poland and countries where March 8 is a public holiday. As in Russia, women are traditionally congratulated on March 8th.
12.
March 8 symbol
13.
What can be donated?
A bouquet of flowers is the first in popularity and a very welcome gift for March 8th.
Jewelry is the second most popular and highly desired gift for March 8th. Jewelry can be either jewelry with diamonds and white gold inserts, or in the form of beautiful high-quality jewelry.
Perfume is the third most popular gift for March 8th.
Home decorations. Women love to decorate not only themselves, but also their home. Therefore, it is very handy to give on March 8: a soft toy, a floor or table vase with flowers, small figurines, figurines, a wall clock, a souvenir, etc.
Accessories: gloves, scarf, handbag, etc.
14.
What will the bouquet say?
The holiday of March 8 is always associated in the mind with the beginning of spring, with the arrival of the sun, warmth, and, accordingly, with the flowering of the best feelings. And to express the whole influx of feelings is best with the help of flowers:
white flower means innocence
yellow - gives rise to love, expresses the joy of communication
pink - means love
bright red - passionate love
dark red or burgundy - the insane beauty of your beloved
blue - devotion;
lilac or purple - peace and trust
15.
1. Happy March 8! Happy spring holiday!
Let ringing fun flow everywhere!
Let the sun shine! Let the frost go!
Let the mimosa sprig drive away the winter!
2. Your favorite flowers
I warm with my breath
On the day of female charm.
They are beautiful, just like you!
And let the dreams come true
And the Springs of Desire will come true,
And sweet features to the heart
Captivated by the same charm!
3. March plays, Shadows on icicles,
The sky opened the umbrella blue, Happy Women's Day to you -
Affectionate and sonorous, With good happiness,
Joy, spring!!!
16.
1. Today is a special day!
A wonderful spring holiday!
Today Day 8 March -
So let you be happy!
Spring! How much of this word:
Kindness, love and warmth.
Let in the waiting nature
Her flowers bloom for you!
May this day - March 8 -
Anxiety will go away and dreams will come!
2. The murmur of transparent streams,
The world awakening from sleep
The smile of the sun in the dark sky
Spring takes over winter.
Spring brings renewal
Smiles, happiness and flowers.
And I want a birth on the day of spring
Your dreams have come true.
17.
May this day be happy
And all dreams come true.
May the sun shine on you everywhere
And the flowers are smiling.
