What to make a floating pontoon. Pontoon made of various materials. Plastic bottle pontoons

Moorings, or mooring structures, are special devices of various types on a reservoir, which are distinguished by a wide range of applications. Most often, moorings for boats or a pier are used for mooring and parking of small boats, boarding and disembarking passengers, and carrying out repair work. It is quite possible to make such a structure with your own hands if the construction is based on a competent project.

Types of berths and their characteristics

All berthing facilities can currently be classified into types depending on the location and design characteristics:

embankment overpass- the construction of a through structure, represented by pile supports or shell piles;
pier- a structure with a ledge into the water area and having two-way or three-way access for ships;
fringe- a structure adjacent at the same elevation to the base structures on the berth;
offshore mooring, installed in an open roadstead and suitable for mooring large vessels;
floating jetty- a kind of offshore berth, used in the presence of significant fluctuations in the water level.

Depending on the design features, four main types of pier can be distinguished:

gravity;
through or pile;
thin-walled or bolter;
combined.

The simplest hydraulic structures for fishing or for a boat can be equipped independently. Piers made from a variety of improvised materials find the following applications:

floating area for barbecue and recreation;
catering point on the water;
mooring for a catamaran, boats and jet skis;
raft for fishing;
pontoon catamaran for shallow water;
floating bath or sauna;
playground for water activities;
residential property or cottage.

On rafts, piers and pontoons, made by hand, you can sunbathe or dive into the water from it, transport goods and inspect fish cages.

How to build a bridge for summer fishing (video)

How to build a simple mooring structure

For homeowners living in close proximity to a river or reservoir, the issue of creating a convenient descent to the water is always relevant. Some time ago, for this purpose, bridges or a bridge were built, allowing you to approach tied boats. Today, preference is given to more serious structures.

Making a floating pier

Unlike a pier, a pier may not be located along the coast, but when crossing the water plane at a right angle, with a few hundred meters from land. In this case, mooring can be carried out not only of a small size, but also of a cargo ship on both sides of the structure. Quite primitive piers are being built on the lake, located on the same line.

A pontoon or floating pier can be built in areas of the reservoir that are subject to flooding, but protected from gusty winds. Pontoons are distinguished by their ease and ease of assembly, as well as the affordable design of all necessary documentation. Floating piers are most often metal, plastic or inflatable. The best option is floating plastic structures made of elements connected around the perimeter with special fasteners.

The floating pier does not need special maintenance, and if necessary, such a structure is easily assembled, dismantled and installed in a new place. The modern plastic construction is created from HDPE with the addition of special compounds against the negative effects of the sun and sea salt.

Installation of a floating pier involves the use of additional accessories in the form of handrails, gangways and bollards. The cost of various composite plastic modules for self-creation of a floating pier is quite affordable.

Installation of a fishing bridge

A high-quality and durable flooring or bridge can be easily made on your own. It is very important not only to choose the right location for the location and develop a competent project, but also to securely fasten the structure with the help of a log or pile treated with special compounds. Installation is best done in winter, before the ice crust has melted.

You can cut holes with a chainsaw, and the diameter of the hole will depend on the diameter of the support. The standard width of the bridge should be about one and a half meters, so the distance between the supports should not be more than two meters.

It is optimal to use pipes with sufficiently thick steel walls or stainless steel supports as a support. A wooden support will quickly lose high strength indicators under the influence of water. Some anglers advise installing the deck on a base of plastic pipes that do not corrode and rot. The framework is made of the steel corner capable to maintain considerable loading.

The flooring is made of wooden boards, pre-treated with transformer oil, which will increase the service life and prevent rapid decay. PVL sheets or profile decking can also be used.

Do-it-yourself pontoons from barrels

Pontoons based on plastic barrels is one of the most inexpensive options. The strength indicators of such a simple structure depend on a properly executed supporting frame and elements capable of providing a sufficient level of diagonal, longitudinal and transverse structural rigidity. The frame can be made from steel, aluminium, wood or plastic.

A high level of stability makes it possible to use a pontoon raft made of barrels for movement and recreation on the water, and when supplemented with a small outboard motor, you can get a self-propelled pontoon.

To create a pontoon, alternative options for plastic barrels are often used:

Styrofoam pontoons are based on a pair of wooden "skis" filled with Styrofoam. This design is ideal for arranging motorized easily controlled rafts;
inflatable pontoons from large car tubes are created on the basis of a frame structure, and one failed tube can be easily replaced or glued even during the rafting process;
the most popular and budget option is a pontoon made of plastic bottles, with which you need to fill large rubberized bags fixed under the raft flooring.

Home-made catamaran rafts on a plywood pontoon are also in great demand. For the manufacture, moisture-resistant plywood sheets impregnated with drying oil with a thickness of 3 mm are used, as well as three-meter wooden slats with dimensions of 25x25 mm or 25x15 mm. Bicycle parts allow you to create a row drive and wheels for a catamaran.

Features of the construction of piers and berths (video)

Before manufacturing, it is necessary to perform simple calculations for the total carrying capacity, which includes the buoyancy indicators of all float elements. For example, if a plastic barrel can hold 120 kg of weight afloat, then a minimum of ten barrels would need to be used for a load capacity of 1.2 tons. The optimal margin of buoyancy indicators is 20-30% of the calculations performed.

What to consider when building a small pier for a boat or boat

The coastal zone of the reservoir, equipped with special equipment for mooring, repair work and maintenance, is called a berth. If until recently hardwood was used to create a pile foundation, today metal driven and screw piles are most often used, which differ in structure and installation method:

driven piles, represented by steel pipes with a sharp tip, are buried using pile drivers, which often negatively affects the state of the metal structure. Such supports are used for self-manufacturing of berths extremely rarely, due to the need to use special equipment;
screw metal piles have a lower cone-shaped end with a welded blade and a head to which the base of the berth being made is attached. The helical blade is quite easily and evenly screwed into the ground, which makes the risk of deformation of the metal support minimal.

The diameter of the shaft and the thickness of the walls of the piles depend on the level of the expected load. In the cavity of the screwed piles, a concrete mortar is necessarily poured, which increases the bearing capacity of the support. The cost of the material used for construction can be reduced by acquiring modern polymers with high water-repellent characteristics.

A surface structure made of such building material is characterized by the following quality characteristics:

lack of rotting processes as a result of exposure to high levels of humidity;
lack of deformation and cracking as a result of drying;
no loss of decorative effect under the influence of temperature changes;
increased resistance to abrasion and impact loads;
the presence of a non-slip corrugated surface.

Polymer deck boards used in the installation of decking do not require protection with varnishes and oils, which makes maintenance simple and affordable.

Decorative descent to the pond near the site

In suburban areas located near rivers or lakes, decorative metal structures of the platform can also be equipped. In this case, channel No. 12 is most often used as supports. The covering of the platform and steps are most often made of corrugated steel, and the treads are made of several reinforcing bars. For the convenience of descent and ascent, you need to equip the railing. Tikkurila mooring paint is used for painting.

How to build a pier on screw piles (video)

It should be noted that any piers that go into the water a considerable distance from the coast line must be built by professionals using special equipment. It is also very important to monitor the technical condition of the pier and carry out repairs in a timely manner.

Panettone is an Italian Christmas cake in the shape of a dome, rich, fluffy and very fragrant. According to tradition, it is baked a few days before Christmas, and the more spices, dried fruits and candied fruits are added to the dough, the more successful the coming year will be.

Of course, you can cook it not only on the one and only wonderful holiday of the year. Panettone can be prepared not only for Christmas, but also for Easter. In form and recipe, this pie is similar to our Easter cake.

Here is an easy and quick, light panettone recipe. We invite connoisseurs of complex culinary experiments to follow the link and try to cook Panettone according to a traditional Italian sourdough recipe:

Ingredients

flour - 800-850 g
milk - 1 cup (250 ml)
sugar - 1.5 cups
fresh yeast - 40 g
butter - 150 g
eggs - 3 pcs.
egg yolks - 2 pcs.
candied fruit - 2/3 cup
raisins - 150 g
dried apricots - 150 g
ground nutmeg - 1 tsp
cardamom - 0.5 tsp
lemon or orange zest - 1 tbsp. l.
vanilla sugar - 2 sachets

Preparation time: 3 hours / Yield: 14 servings

Cooking

Large photos Small photos

Yeast along with 2 tbsp. l. put sugar in a small bowl. Pound into gruel and pour 3-4 tbsp. l. warm milk.

Add 2 tbsp. l. flour, stir. Leave for 10-15 minutes until bubbles appear on the surface. This preparation will help activate the yeast faster, and it will work better in the dough.

Sift 2 cups flour into a large bowl.

Pour in warm milk, stir with flour.

Pour the yeast dissolved in milk into a thick, viscous mass.

Stir the dough with a spoon until it becomes almost homogeneous, viscous.

Cover it with a lid, put it in a warm place without drafts. The dough should be kept warm for at least an hour. During this time, it will rise 3-4 times, soften, become loose.

A sign of a well-suited dough is numerous holes. When the dough begins to settle slightly - it's time to knead the dough.

Whisk the eggs, add the yolks and pour everything into the dough.

Cut soft butter into pieces, pour sugar into the dough. Mix everything until it is completely combined with the dough.

Pour 3 more cups of sifted flour, all spices and spices.

Panettone dough needs to be kneaded very well. At the beginning of the kneading, it will be sticky, but do not put a lot of flour, pour literally on a spoon. You need to knead it like any dough - with the bottom of the palm, rotating the lump of dough around its axis. The result should be a soft, plastic dough, homogeneous and oily. Put it in a spacious dish, cover. Put in heat for proofing for about 1.5 hours.

Cut candied fruits and dried apricots into small pieces.

Well-kneaded dough will rise well and increase in volume several times.

Punch down the risen dough, add the zest, steamed raisins, dried apricots and candied fruits.

Knead the dough again and let it rise again.

It should fit in the form in which the panettone will be baked. Be sure to grease the form with oil, lay out the bottom and walls with oiled parchment. After an hour, the dough will increase by 3-4 times - now you can grease it with yolk and put it in a preheated oven. Maintain the temperature within 180-190 degrees, the cake is baked for 45-50 minutes. Carefully remove the finished pastry from the mold and cool on a wire rack.

Panettone is not customary to sprinkle with powdered sugar or decorate with icing. The cake is wrapped in beautiful paper and tied with a bright ribbon. Traditionally, panettone is served with sweet red wine or a cup of aromatic coffee.

ON A NOTE. Like any sweet pastry, the cake must be infused, gain flavor, soak in aromas, so it is cut not earlier than a day or two after cooking.

Plan out the basic design of your pontoon. With a lack of materials, the pontoon can come out too small, and an excess of material can send you to the bottom the first time you hit the water, not to mention the cost.

Find a practical place to build your pontoon. Don't forget that you will eventually have to carry your "ship" to the water, and it is desirable that it gets there safe and sound. You will need a large trailer and a fairly powerful vehicle. But if you're going to build a very large pontoon, it might be much easier to assemble it piece by piece right next to the water - if you have your own access to the water.

Find suitable pontoons. Buoyancy is the main essential part of your raft. At some junctions, you can find large pipes, plastic canisters, or even military "hanging tanks". Hanging tanks are just perfect as they don't rust and are lined with a water repellent material that makes them much more durable. In addition, they are much more streamlined in shape. The main thing is to find a material that, in shape and composition, can displace a sufficient amount of water and at the same time keep your vessel afloat.

Choose the frame material for your raft. In our article, we will use PVC water pipe as it is perhaps the most widely available material. We will also describe the process of attaching a treated pine frame structure. In our example, the raft will be 485 cm long and 245 cm wide. These measurements are for guidance only and you can adjust them to suit your needs.

Lay two sections of PVC pipe 30 cm in diameter parallel to each other on a flat, leveled surface, closing the ends of the pipes to prevent water from leaking in. You can seal the ends with a glued cap or a socketless ring and cap. These materials are quite expensive, so try to find them in the ruins or among the waste of public utilities. Another possibility is to make a wooden plug and use epoxy glue and screws to plug the ends of the pipe with it.

Cut 240 cm long panels of treated pine and lay them out along the length of the pipes you prepared, at a distance of every 60 cm.

Nail two more 545 cm long 2x4 treated wood panels to the ends of these cross beams. This will be the base frame for your structure.

Use a coarse-thread drill and 2 x 6cm hex head screws and screw a 54cm panel along the crossbeams to secure them. Two screws per baffle will suffice.

Hammer nails at an angle or screw screws into the partition.

Lay a 2.5cm wide 16 gauge galvanized strip at each corner of your rectangular structure to keep the corners of your raft base square during subsequent building steps.

Measure the raft diagonally and adjust the angles so that the diagonals are the same.

Attach a tie to each cross beam, either by drilling a hole in the cross beams and driving in 9 cm long galvanized screws, or using a screwdriver.

Install the deck. You can use 1X4 or 1X6 treated wood or shipbuilding plywood. Choose the driest and lightest material available to you, since your pipes have a displacement of 1572 pounds, and this determines the number and weight of structures that you can build on a raft. Using pressure-treated pine of the above dimensions, you will get a weight of approximately 600 pounds, plus the weight of your pontoons. So the maximum weight your raft can support at this stage is approximately 600 pounds. This means that you can place a very limited amount of equipment and structures on deck.

Wontons are close relatives of our dumplings, which came to us from China. This hearty dish is traditionally steamed, boiled or fried until crispy. In this article, you will learn how to make wontons, a recipe for dough and toppings, as well as little culinary tricks that will help make this dish especially tasty.

wonton dough

In China, ready-made dough is sold for this dish, cut into squares or circles of the desired size. However, you can easily prepare the base yourself and make sure that there is nothing complicated in this. Read how to make wonton dough at home (recipe):

Sift three cups of flour into a bowl.
Boil half a cup of water in a saucepan and pour into the flour. After that, add another quarter cup of water at room temperature.
Put salt, a spoonful of vegetable oil in a bowl, knead the dough and leave it to stand for 10-15 minutes.

Wontons with shrimps and pork

You can either make your own dough for this recipe or purchase it from the store. Divide the desired amount of dough into three parts. Cover two with a towel and put aside, and roll out the third and cut circles with a diameter of 5 cm from it using a mold. To prepare minced meat, you will need:

Mash 300 grams of peeled shrimp with a fork, add 200 grams of minced pork to them and mix.
After that, chop 120 grams of bamboo sprouts with a knife (they can be replaced and add them to the minced meat.
Season the filling with two tablespoons of soy sauce, two tablespoons of rice (or dry white) wine, salt and pepper.
Add half the vegetable oil, two tablespoons (can be replaced with starch), one protein and a teaspoon of sugar to the minced meat.

Mix the filling well and place in the center of each piece. After that, connect the edges of the dough so that you get a bag with an open neck. Cook wontons in a double boiler until done, then serve

Fried wontons. Recipe with photo

At home they give a different form. Sometimes the edges are completely fastened together, sometimes the “neck” is left open, and in Szechuan cuisine they are often given a triangular shape. This time we propose to make pouches from the dough and deep-fry them. Read how to cook fried wontons (recipe):

First, let's make the sauce. Take one red chilli, remove seeds and white membranes. Cut the pulp into thin half rings, which should then be combined with a tablespoon of sugar, a tablespoon of lime juice, three tablespoons of water and four tablespoons of soy sauce (you can take fish sauce instead).
Grind 250 grams of peeled shrimp, add finely chopped green onions, five or six cloves of garlic and a few sprigs of cilantro to them.
Mix shrimp with 450 grams of minced pork, one chicken egg, a tablespoon of soy sauce, a teaspoon of lime and a teaspoon of sugar. Season the minced meat with salt, ground pepper and mix well.
Cover the bowl with the filling with cling film and send to infuse in the refrigerator for half an hour.
Take 350 grams of ready-made wonton dough or make your own. Place a ball of minced meat in the center of each blank, which should be rolled up with wet hands. Pinch the edges so that you have a small bag.
For deep-frying, heat vegetable oil in a deep saucepan, and then fry the wontons in it until golden brown.

Serve the finished dish hot with spicy sauce.

Sweet wontons

There are many types of fillings with which Chinese dumplings are prepared. In this case, we suggest you stock up on dried berries and nuts. Read the instructions and cook original wontons with us. Recipe of dish:

Take 75 grams of pitted dried cherries and mix them with 30 grams of cashews. Add sugar and ground cinnamon to taste.
Prepare unleavened dough or purchase ready-made. Place a teaspoon of filling in the center of each piece and press the edges together tightly to form a square wonton.
Pour vegetable oil into the wok and fry sweet dumplings in it.

Put the finished wontons on paper towels to drain the oil, and then on a dish. Before serving, they can be sprinkled with a mixture of cinnamon and powdered sugar.

Wontons with minced meat. Recipe

Surprise your loved ones with a new dish of Chinese cuisine and they will be grateful to you. How to cook wontons? Read the recipe below:

Wontons with mushrooms

If you love mushrooms or have excluded meat from your menu, then pay attention to these vegetarian wontons. Recipe:

Grind 200 grams of Chinese cabbage and 80 grams of celery with a blender.
100 grams of champignons and one chop with a knife, and then fry in a pan until tender.
Season the minced meat with soy sauce, add onion, cilantro and ginger to taste.
Prepare the dough (you can find the recipe above) and roll it into a thin layer.
Cut the workpiece into squares, put the filling in the center of each and form bags.

The wontons need to be steamed until tender. You can serve them to the table with the original sauce, which is prepared from the following products:

Soy sauce light - 30 ml.
Sesame oil - half a teaspoon.
Dark - half a teaspoon.
Red hot pepper.
Ginger - one teaspoon.

We hope that you will enjoy the recipes collected in this article, and that you will delight your loved ones with new dishes every day.

If your backyard has a man-made pond or access to a natural reservoir, then for you, as an owner, the question of how to equip a convenient and aesthetic access to the water is relevant. And if your hands have not yet reached the improvement of the coastal zone, then the ideas discussed in this article may be useful to you.

A home pier is not only a convenient berth for a boat or a small motor boat. It is also a comfortable building structure for catching fish, as well as a decorative element that can make a significant contribution to the overall concept of landscape design. Therefore, its creation must be approached technically competently, not forgetting the creative component.

A home pier can be a capital stationary structure based on piles.

Also, the design of the pier can be floating. In this case, we are talking about a pontoon berth.

To begin with, consider the features of the pontoon pier.

Do-it-yourself pontoon. Design Benefits

Why do we prefer pontoon structures when we build a pier with our own hands:

simplicity of design;
light weight of the main elements;
the level of the pontoon pier in any weather conditions and at any time of the year will correspond to the water level in the reservoir (that is, the builder creating such a pier will not have to puzzle over the following questions: what should be the height of the supporting piles, and at what level should they be strapping);
the ability to quickly dismantle the structure and move it to another suitable location;
large operational resource;
one hundred percent protection against spring ice drift (if the pontoon pier is disassembled and all its elements are hidden in the utility room, then neither winter cold nor spring flood will threaten it with destruction).

salix FORUMHOUSE user

There is only one trouble from the piles. Make from empty plastic bottles. I myself have had such a raft for about 5 years already. In the autumn we pull it ashore. It is easy to build, and the structure will not be blown into the ice drift.

In addition, if you equip a pier on the shore of a public reservoir (pond, river, etc.), local governments may not like the appearance of such an object. In this case, the dismantling of the pier will take you a few hours.

User salix proposes to build a wooden pier based on plastic bottles. On the one hand, the aesthetics of the design in this case can be questioned, but on the other hand, this is what the master needs ingenuity for! A little imagination, several hundred plastic bottles, boards for creating a frame and top flooring - all this will help you quickly create an elegant structure that can be stably based on the surface of the water surface of the pond.

Bottles can be tied with a metal mesh.

And you can pack them in polypropylene bags, as shown in the photo.

The option with bags looks more practical, because in this case all structural elements can be fastened with an ordinary rope.

To make it more convenient to tie the bottles together with ropes, you should choose products not with smooth, but with embossed walls.

Consider the following variant of a pontoon berth: a pier based on metal or plastic barrels.

To create such a design, you will need several barrels with a volume of 200 liters. The lids on the barrels should be hermetically sealed. Between themselves, the resulting "floats" are connected using a wooden frame, and the pier is attached to the shore by means of special jibs.

his house FORUMHOUSE user

A pier measuring 3x3 m was made. For such dimensions, 6 barrels are enough (3 rows, two barrels in a row). A light wooden flooring from a 40 mm board was laid on top. We welded the barrels together with a 50x50 corner, which also included boards. Also, jibs were attached to the corner that they go to the shore.

The pontoon pier, regardless of what it is based on (on barrels, sealed plastic pipes or plastic bottles), is connected to the shore using movable jibs. The edge of the jib that connects to the pontoon must rise or fall in accordance with the change in the water level in the reservoir. The pontoon will not tilt. Barrels can be attached to each other in a variety of ways. In this, again, your own ingenuity will help you.

Do-it-yourself barrel pier. A photo.

Sergey26 FORUMHOUSE user

Barrels need thick-walled. Ears for their fastening were cooked with a semi-automatic device. The wooden beams were covered with an antiseptic. You can also use thin-walled barrels, or you can weld a platform with barriers for barrels or use clamps from a strip to which you can weld the corners (see photo).

To prevent the floating pier from drifting to the side, it should be fixed with an anchor.

Alabaev FORUMHOUSE user

My neighbors made a pier out of 6 iron barrels welded together. Above is a platform. Entry to the pier - along the ladder, the pier itself is moored to the shore and pulled at anchor.

And here is an example of a pier made of plastic pipes.

Pier on car tires

The berth, located on supports made of car tires, is a durable structure, the construction of which does not require labor-intensive operations for screwing in or driving metal piles.

Gorodets60 FORUMHOUSE user

I have had a mooring with supports made of truck tires for 8 years. Between themselves, the wheels were fixed with stainless bolts with wide washers. Sand was poured inside, because it fills all the cavities inside the tires, and the structure becomes monumental. A year later, he added sand, because over time it is compacted and washed out.

But what design of the pier was built by the user Alextr61 after considering all possible options.

It is based on heavy tires from a 40-ton BelAZ vehicle. The author of the design additionally secured the already massive tires with galvanized pipes and overlaid with stones. This is the pier he ended up with.

Pier on stilts

Consider the construction of a capital berth, which is made on vertical piles screwed or driven into the bottom of the reservoir.

If you decide to make a stationary pier, a real pier, then work should begin during the period of winter cold. More precisely - during the period of winter frosts, when the reservoir is covered with a thick layer of ice. It is standing on the ice that the easiest way is to screw or drive piles into the bottom of the reservoir.

PSD FORUMHOUSE user

In winter, it is necessary to: drill ice, hammer pipes, weld a metal frame, lay a boardwalk on the frame.

Piles are best used screw. They are the least affected by heaving forces. Considering that a not too massive berth structure will rest on the piles, it is possible to screw them to a sufficient depth by two or three people, without resorting to the use of specialized equipment.